All India Trinamool Congress: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|National political party in India}}
{{pp-pc|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox Indian political party
{{Infobox Indian political party
|party_name        = All India Trinamool Congress
|party_name        = All India Trinamool Congress
|logo              = [[File:All India Trinamool Congress flag.svg|240px|border]]
|logo              = [[File:All India Trinamool Congress flag (1).svg|240px|border]]
|flag              = [[File:All India Trinamool Congress flag.svg|120px|border]]
|abbreviation      = AITC
|abbreviation      = AITC
|colorcode        = {{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}
|colorcode        = {{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}
|leader            =  
|leader            = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
|president        =
|chairman          = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
|chairman          = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
|secretary = [[Subrata Bakshi]]
|president        = [[Subrata Bakshi]]
|vice_president    = [[Yashwant Sinha]]
|secretary_general = [[Partha Chatterjee(Politician)|Partha Chatterjee]]
|ppchairman        = [[Sudip Bandyopadhyay]]
|ppchairman        = [[Sudip Bandyopadhyay]]
|loksabha_leader  = [[Sudip Bandyopadhyay]]
|loksabha_leader  = [[Sudip Bandyopadhyay]]
|general_secretary = [[Abhishek Banerjee (politician)|Abhishek Banerjee ]]
|rajyasabha_leader = [[Derek O'Brien (politician)|Derek O'Brien]]
|rajyasabha_leader = [[Derek O'Brien (politician)|Derek O'Brien]]
|foundation        = {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1998|1|1}}
|foundation        = {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1998|1|1}}
|founder          = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
|founder          = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
|split            = {{nowrap|[[Indian National Congress]]}}
|split            = {{nowrap|[[Indian National Congress]]}}
|headquarters      = 30B Harish Chatterjee Street, [[Kolkata]]-700026
|headquarters      = 30B Harish Chatterjee Street [[Kolkata]]-700026, [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
|publication      = ''Jago Bangla'' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]])
|publication      = ''Jago Bangla'' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]])
|youth            = Trinamool Youth Congress  
|youth            = All India Trinamool Youth Congress
|students          = Trinamool Chhatra Parishad
|students          = [[All India Trinamool Student Congress|All India Trinamool Chhatra Parishad]]
|women            = Trinamool Mahila Congress
|women            = All India Trinamool Mahila Congress
|labour            = Trinamool Trade Union Congress
|labour            = All India Trinamool Trade Union Congress
|peasants          = Trinamool Kisan Congress
|peasants          = All India Trinamool Kisan Congress
|ideology          = {{Nowrap|[[Anti-communism]]<ref name="forbes">{{cite web|work=[[Forbes]]|title=The Anti-Communist of West Bengal|url=https://www.forbes.com/2011/04/14/forbes-india-trinamool-congress-didi-banerjee-at-gates.html#4b8299546c90|access-date=18 April 2011}}</ref> }}<br>[[Bengali nationalism]]<ref name="tmc_1">
* {{Cite web|last=Daniyal|first=Shoaib|date=16 June 2019|title=In Bengal, speak Bengali: Squeezed by BJP's Hindutva, Mamata Banerjee grasps at Bengali nationalism|url=https://scroll.in/article/927157/in-bengal-speak-bengali-squeezed-by-bjps-hindutva-mamata-banerjee-grasps-at-bengali-nationalism|website=[[Scroll.in]]|language=en-US}}
* {{Cite web|last=Ghoshal|first=Avijit|date=1 September 2019|title=Whispers of 'Bengal for Bengalis', but can it impact state polls {{!}} Opinion|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/opinion/whispers-of-bengal-for-bengalis-but-can-it-impact-state-polls-opinion/story-L9P4mHMJLaZrjmb4Vz5rSI.html|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|language=en}}</ref><br>[[Populism]]<ref>
* {{cite web|work=[[Scroll.in]]|title=Five reasons why Mamata Banerjee swept the West Bengal elections|date=19 May 2016|url=https://scroll.in/article/808405/five-reasons-why-mamata-banerjee-swept-the-west-bengal-elections}}
*{{Cite web|last=Mahaprashasta|first=Ajoy Ashirwad|date=19 May 2016|title=Populist Governments With Strong Leaders Like Mamata Are Here to Stay|url=https://thewire.in/politics/populist-govts-with-strong-leaders-like-mamata-are-here-to-stay-says-political-scientist-ranabir-samaddar|website=[[The Wire (India)|The Wire]]}}
*{{Cite web|last=Basu|first=Moni|date=12 May 2011|title=Reflections on West Bengal, where communism is on verge of collapse|url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/05/12/india.election.communists/index.html|website=[[CNN]]|language=en}}
*{{Cite news|last=Singh|first=Neha|date=2 June 2011|title=Tata Motors challenge govt decision to reclaim Singur land|language=en|website=[[Livemint]]|agency=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/d9gcBkg6Rcny0iRdc8bXUJ/Tata-Motors-challenge-govt-decision-to-reclaim-Singur-land.html}}
*{{Cite journal|date=5 June 2015|title='Cultural Misrecognition' and the Sustenance of Trinamool Congress in West Bengal|url=https://www.epw.in/journal/2018/28/special-articles/%E2%80%98cultural-misrecognition%E2%80%99-and-sustenance.html|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|language=en|volume=53|issue=28|pages=7–8}}</ref>
 
|position          = {{nowrap|[[Centrism|Centre]]<ref name="tmc_2">
* {{Cite journal|last1=Banerjee|first1=Vasabjit|last2=Bhattacharya|first2=Srobana|last3=Jha|first3=Anand|date=3 July 2017|title=Inequality and Elections: The Nationwide Origins and State-Level Dynamics of India's Maoist Insurgency|journal=Asian Affairs: An American Review|volume=44|issue=3|pages=72–97|doi=10.1080/00927678.2017.1357347|s2cid=158695181|issn=0092-7678|doi-access=free}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Ghosh|first=Gautam|date=2015|title=An 'infiltration' of time? Hindu Chauvinism and Bangladeshi migration in/to Kolkata, India|url=https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=289519|journal=Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology|language=en|volume=6|issue=1|pages=263–288|issn=2068-0317}}</ref> to [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ghosh|first=Pujya|date=1 June 2020|title=From Revolution to Dissent: A Case Study of the Changing Role of Theatre and Activism in Bengal|url=https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004430990/BP000005.xml|journal=World Political Theatre and Performance|language=en|pages=39–52|doi=10.1163/9789004430990_005|isbn=9789004430990}}</ref> |eci=}}
|eci              = [[List of political parties in India#National parties|National party]]
|eci              = [[List of political parties in India#National parties|National party]]
|slogan            = ''[[Ma Mati Manush]]''
|colours          = {{color box|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} [[Shades of green|Green]]
|colours          = {{colour box|#3CB371}} [[Shades of green|Green]]
|alliance          = [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]] (1999–2007)<br />[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]] (2009–2012)<br />[[Federal Front]] (2019–present)
|alliance          = [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]] (1999–2009)<br />[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]] (2009–2012)<br />[[Federal Front]] (2019)
|loksabha_seats    = {{Composition bar|20|543|hex={{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|loksabha_seats    = {{Composition bar|21|543|hex=#3CB371}}
|rajyasabha_seats  = {{Composition bar|11|245|hex={{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|rajyasabha_seats  = {{Composition bar|13|245|hex=#3CB371}}
|state_seats_name  = [[State Legislative Assembly (India)|State Legislative Assemblies]]
|state_seats_name  = [[State Legislative Assembly (India)|State Legislative Assemblies]]  
|state_seats      = {{hidden
|state_seats      = {{hidden
|Indian states  
|Indian states
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|style=text-align:center; |  
|style=text-align:center; |
{{Composition bar|212|294|hex=#3CB371}} <small>([[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]])</small>
{{Composition bar|213|294|hex={{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}} <small>([[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]])</small>
{{composition bar|1|60|hex= #3CB371}} <small>([[Manipur Legislative Assembly]])</small>  
{{composition bar|1|60|hex= {{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}} <small>([[Manipur Legislative Assembly]])</small>
}}  
}}
|no_states        = {{Composition bar|1|31|hex=#3CB371}}
|no_states        = {{Composition bar|1|31|hex={{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|website          = {{url|http://aitcofficial.org/}}  
|website          = {{url|http://aitcofficial.org/}}
|symbol            = [[File:All India Trinamool Congress symbol.svg|80px|center]]
|symbol            = [[File:All India Trinamool Congress symbol.svg|150px|center]]
|flag              = All India Trinamool Congress flag (1).svg
}}
 
The '''All India Trinamool Congress''' (abbreviated '''AITC''' or '''TMC'''; translation: ''All India Grassroots Congress'') is an [[List of political parties in India|Indian political party]] which is predominantly active in [[West Bengal]].<ref name="LS2014">{{cite web|work=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|title=Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Know your party symbols!|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-lok-sabha-elections-2014-know-your-party-symbols-1974606|date=10 April 2014}}</ref> The party is led by current [[List of Chief Ministers of West Bengal|chief minister of West Bengal]] [[Mamata Banerjee]]. Following the [[2019 Indian general election|2019 general election]], it is currently the fourth-largest party in the [[Lok Sabha]] with 20 seats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://loksabha.nic.in/members/PartyWiseStatisticalList.aspx|title=Membersaspects :of Lok Sabha|website=loksabha.niccivilisation.in}}</ref> Since its inception the party has been at the forefront of the [[anti-communist]] movement in [[West Bengal]].<ref name="forbes">{{cite web|work=[[Forbes]]|title=The Anti-Communist of West Bengal|url=https://www.forbes.com/2011/04/14/forbes-india-trinamool-congress-didi-banerjee-at-gates.html#4b8299546c90|access-date=18 April 2011}}</ref>
 
== History ==
After being a member of the [[Indian National Congress]] for over 26 years, [[Mamata Banerjee]] joined "[[Trinamool Congress]]", which was registered with the [[Election Commission of India]] during mid-December 1997. The [[Election Commission of India|Election Commission]] allotted to the party an exclusive symbol of ''Jora Ghas Phul''. On 2 September 2016 [[election commission]] recognized AITC as a national political party.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/trinamool-congress-tmc-national-party-status-election-commission-3010274/|title=Trinamool Congress gets national party status|newspaper=Indian Express|date=2 September 2016}}</ref>
 
=== Nandigram movement ===
{{Main|Nandigram violence}}
In December 2006, the people of [[Nandigram]] were given notice by Haldia Development Authority that major portion of Nandigram would be seized and 70,000 people be evicted from their homes.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.iacboston.org/india/1207-nandigram-says-no.html|work=International Action Center – Boston|title=Nandigram says 'No!' to Dow's chemical hub|date=December 2007|access-date=27 December 2009|archive-date=6 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706032521/http://www.iacboston.org/india/1207-nandigram-says-no.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> People started movement against this land acquisition and ''Trinamool [[Congress]]'' led the movement. Bhumi Uchchhed Pratirodh Committee (BUPC) was formed against [[land grabbing]] and eviction. On 14 March 2007 the police opened fire and killed 14 villagers. Many more went missing. Many sources claimed (and which was supported by the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] in its report) that armed Communist Party of India (Marxist) cadres, along with police, fired on protesters in Nandigram<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/cpm-cadres-joined-cops-to-fire-now-beating-up-witnesses-cbi/251917/0 |title=CPM cadres joined cops to fire, now beating up witnesses: CBI |newspaper=Indian Express |date=19 December 2007}}</ref> Many intellectuals protested on the streets and this incident gave birth to a new movement. SUCI (C) leader Nanda Patra led the movement.
 
=== Post-Nandigram/Singur elections ===
{{Main|Singur Tata Nano controversy}}
In the [[2009 Indian general election|2009 ''Lok Sabha'' election]], Trinamool Congress won 19 seats in [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|West Bengal]].
 
In the 2010 Kolkata municipal election, the party won 97 out of 141 seats. It also won a majority of other municipalities.
 
== Presence in other states ==
=== Trinamool in Tripura ===
In 2010, Tripura Pradesh Trinamool Congress was working in [[Tripura]] to establish a ''[[Ma Mati Manush]]'' government in the state.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/mamata-wins-bengal-civic-polls-demands-early-elections-419690|title=Mamata wins Bengal civic polls, demands early elections|work=NDTV|date=2 June 2010}}</ref>
 
Under the leadership of former [[leader of opposition]] and then [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] of [[Tripura]], [[Sudip Roy Barman]], six MLAs defected from [[Indian National Congress|INC]] along with many ex ministers, ex members of legislative assembly, senior state and district leaders along with thousands of party workers and supporters who joined AITC to fight the communists in Tripura. Barman himself later defected to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] along with 5 other AITC MLAs of Tripura Legislative Assembly in the presence of [[Himanta Biswa Sarma]] and [[Dharmendra Pradhan]] after they cross voted against party lines in the [[2017 Indian presidential election]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.northeasttoday.in/recognise-ex-tmc-mlas-as-bjp-members-in-tripura-bjp/|title=Recognise Ex-TMC MLAs as BJP Members in Tripura: BJP}}</ref>
 
=== Trinamool in Manipur ===
In the [[2012 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2012 assembly elections]] of [[Manipur]], AITC won 8 seats, got 10% of the total votes & became the only opposition party in the [[Manipur Legislative Assembly]]. In the 2017 assembly elections the party won only one seat from [[Bishnupur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bishnupur]] & polled 5.4% of the total votes cast in the elections. Its lone [[Member of Legislative Assembly]], Tongbram Robindro Singh supported [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in forming government in [[Manipur]] in 2017. Later, Robindro Singh withdrew support from the Bharatiya Janata Party following the disqualification of 7 of its members to grant support the [[Indian National Congress]] as of 18 June 2020.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=1 June 2020|title=Mess in Manipur|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/manipur-bjp-government-no-confidence-motion-congress-mlas-6465601/|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref>
 
=== Trinamool in Assam ===
In the [[2001 Assam Legislative Assembly election]], [[Jamal Uddin Ahmed (MLA)|Jamal Uddin Ahmed]] won Badarpur constituency. He was a Trinamool Congress candidate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/assam/assembly-constituencies/2001-election-results.html|title=Assam Assembly Election Results in 2001|website=www.elections.in}}</ref>
 
=== Trinamool in Kerala ===
Since 2012 the state unit is there in Kerala. Party fought in [[2014 Indian general election]] and in [[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]. In Assembly Election the candidates were contested without party symbol due to some technical issues.
 
From 2019 Mr. Shamsu Payanigal (Calicut) is leading the Party as the President in charge and Mr. Suresh Velayudhan (Palakkad) is leading as the State General Secretary.
Mr. Siby Thomas (Ernakulam) leading as the state Organizing Secretary. While [[Derek O'Brien (politician)|Derek O'Brien]] is the Observer of the State.
 
== Electoral performance ==
[[File:Mamata Banerjee - Kolkata 2011-12-08 7542 Cropped.JPG|alt=|thumb|[[Mamata Banerjee]], [[Chief Minister of West Bengal]] and Chairperson of All India Trinamool Congress.]]
In the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], the Trinamool Congress-led alliance that included the [[Indian National Congress|INC]] and [[Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|SUCI(C)]] won 227 seats in the 294-seat legislature. Trinamool Congress alone won 184 seats, enabling it to govern without an alliance. Subsequently, it won a by-election in Basirhat and two Congress MLAs switched to TMC, giving it a total of 187 seats.
 
Now the party has got a National Party Status, expanding its base in [[Tripura]], [[Assam]], [[Manipur]], [[Odisha]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aitckerala.com |title=Kerala Pradesh Trinamool Congress |access-date=15 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722025807/http://www.aitckerala.com/ |archive-date=22 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Sikkim]], [[Haryana]] and [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. In Kerala, the party contested from five seats in 2014 general elections.
 
On 18 September 2012, TMC Chief, Mamata Banerjee, announced her decision to withdraw support to the [[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]] after the TMC's demands to undo government-instituted changes including [[Foreign direct investment|FDI]] in retail, increase in the price of diesel and limiting the number of subsidised cooking gas cylinders for households, were not met.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rupee falls after TMC pulls out from government|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/markets-business/-1978325.html|publisher=[[Moneycontrol.com]]|date=20 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mamata Banerjee's party ready to meet President tomorrow to officially quit UPA|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/mamata-banerjees-party-ready-to-meet-president-tomorrow-to-officially-quit-upa-499796|work=NDTV|date=20 September 2012}}</ref>
 
In the 1998 Lok Sabha polls, TMC won 7 seats.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf|title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 1998 to the 12th Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref> In the next Lok Sabha election that was held in 1999, Trinamool Congress won 8 seats with BJP, thus increasing its tally by one.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf|title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 1999 to the 13th Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref> In 2000, TMC won the Kolkata Municipal Corporation Elections. In the 2001 Vidhan Sabha elections, TMC won 60 seats with Congress(I).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/SE_2001/StatRept_WB_2001.pdf|title=Key Highlights of General Election, 2001 to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal|publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref> In the 2004 Lok Sabha elections, TMC won 1 seat with BJP.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf|title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref> In the 2006 Vidhan Sabha elections, TMC won 30 seats with BJP.
 
In the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], TMC won a majority of 184 seats (out of 294). Mamata Banerjee became the [[List of Chief Ministers of West Bengal|Chief Minister]]. In the following [[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], TMC retains its majority and won 211 seats (out of 294).<ref>{{cite news|title=West Bengal Election Results 2016: TMC storms back to power in Bengal, Cong-Left alliance loses|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/west-bengal-election-results-2016-counting-begins-for-294-assembly-seats/259295/|newspaper=[[The Financial Express (India)]]|date=20 May 2016}}</ref>
 
=== General election results ===
{| class="sortable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px #000000 solid; font-size: x-big; font-family: verdana" width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1"
|+[[Lok Sabha]] Elections
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Year
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" |LokSabha
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" |Party leader
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Seats Fight
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Seats won
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Seats +/-
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Vote %
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Vote swing
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Ref.
|- style="text-align:center;
|| [[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
|| [[12th Lok Sabha]]
| rowspan="6"| [[Mamata Banerjee]]
|| 29
||{{Composition bar|7|29|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|| {{increase}} 7
|| 2.42%
|| –
||<ref name="ECI1998">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |title=Statistical report on general elections, 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=30 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718181833/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014}}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
|| [[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
|| [[13th Lok Sabha]]
|| 29
||{{Composition bar|8|29|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|| {{increase}} 1
|| 2.57%
|| {{increase}} 0.15%
||<ref name="ECI1999">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf |title=Statistical report on general elections, 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=30 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183222/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014}}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
|| [[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
|| [[14th Lok Sabha]]
|| 33
||{{Composition bar|2|33|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|| {{decrease}} 6
|| 2.07%
|| {{decrease}} 0.5%
||<ref name="ECI2004">{{cite web |url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf |title = Statistical report on general elections, 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha |publisher = Election Commission of India |access-date = 30 May 2014 }}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
|| [[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|| [[15th Lok Sabha]]
|| 26
||{{Composition bar|19|26|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|| {{increase}} 17
|| 3.20%
|| {{increase}} 1.15%
||<ref name="ECI2009">{{cite web | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/12_PerformanceOfNationalParties.pdf | title=LS 2009 : Performance of National Parties | work=[[Election Commission of India]] | access-date=18 October 2014}}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
|| [[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
|| [[16th Lok Sabha]]
|| 45
||{{Composition bar|34|45|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|| {{increase}} 15
|| 3.84%
|| {{increase}} 0.64%
||<ref name="ECI2014">{{cite web | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2014/4%20-%20List%20of%20Successful%20Candidates.pdf | title=LS 2014 : List of successful candidates | work=[[Election Commission of India]] | access-date=18 October 2014 | pages=93}}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
|| [[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
|| [[17th Lok Sabha]]
|| 62
|| {{Composition bar|22|62|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|| {{decrease}} 12
|| 4.11%
|| {{increase}} 0.27%
||<ref name="ECI2019">{{cite web | url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/10987-4-list-of-successful-candidate | title=LS 2019 : List of successful candidates | work=[[Election Commission of India]] | access-date=11 October 2019}}</ref>
|}
 
=== State Legislative Assembly Elections ===
{{bar box
|float=right
|title={{color|white|Vote share in consecutive West Bengal Assembly elections}}
|titlebar= {{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}
|width=250px
|barwidth=
|bars=
{{bar percent|2021|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color }}|47.94}}
{{bar percent|2016|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color }}|44.91}}
{{bar percent|2011|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color }}|38.93}}
{{bar percent|2006|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color }}|26.64}}
{{bar percent|2001|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color }}|30.66}}
}}
}}
{| class="sortable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px #000000 solid; font-size: x-big; font-family: verdana" width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1"
|+[[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] Elections<ref name="WB_Results">{{cite web | url=https://eci.gov.in/files/category/94-west-bengal/ | title=West Bengal Assembly Election Results | work=[[Election Commission of India]] | access-date=11 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
! style="width:25%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Election Year
! Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Party leader
! style="width:15%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Seats contested
! style="width:15%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Seats won
! style="width:15%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Change in seats
! style="width:15%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Percentage of votes
! style="width:15%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Vote swing
! style="width:15%;" Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Popular vote
! Style="background-color:{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}; color:white" | Result
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001 Election]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|226
|{{Composition bar|60|294|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|{{increase}} 60
|30.66%
| –
| 11,229,396
| ! style="background:#FFA07A;"| Opposition
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006 Election]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|257
|{{Composition bar|30|294|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|{{decrease}} 30
|26.64%
|{{decrease}} 4.02%
| 10,512,153
| ! style="background:#FFA07A;"| Opposition
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011 Election]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|226
|{{Composition bar|184|294|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|{{increase}} 154
|38.93%
|{{increase}} 12.29%
|18,547,678
| ! style="background:#98FB98;" | Government
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016 Election]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|293
|{{Composition bar|211|294|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|{{increase}} 27
|44.91%
|{{increase}} 5.98%
|24,564,523
| ! style="background:#98FB98;" | Government
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021 Election]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|290
|{{Composition bar|213|294|{{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}}}
|{{increase}} 2
|47.94%
|{{increase}} 3.03%
|28,735,420
| ! style="background:#98FB98;" | Government
|}
== Political slogan ==
{{Main|Ma Mati Manush}}
''Ma Mati Manush'' ({{lang-bn|মা মাটি মানুষ}}) was primarily a slogan, coined by All India Trinamool Congress chief and current Chief Minister [[Mamata Banerjee]]. The term is literally translated as "Mother, Motherland and People". The slogan became very popular in West Bengal at the time of the 2011 assembly election. Later, Mamata Banerjee wrote a Bengali book with the same title.<ref>{{cite book|title=Maa Mati Manush|url=http://www.menakabooks.com/ameya-prakashan-books/421-maa-mati-manush-mamata-banerjee-suvarna-bedekar-ameya-prakashan-buy-online.html|isbn=978-93-5080-024-9|website=Menaka Books}}</ref> A song was also recorded with the same title to glorify the theme. According to a report published in June 2011, it was one of the six most popular political slogans in India at that time.<ref>{{cite news|title=Six popular contemporary slogans|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/slideshow-six-popular-contemporary-slogans-1570374#top|newspaper=DNA India|date=28 July 2011}}</ref>
== ECI status ==
After the [[2014 Indian general elections]], AITC has a national party status, because AITC had received 6% of the vote from five different states ([[West Bengal]], Manipur, [[Tripura]], Jharkhand, [[Assam]]).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/statistical_reportge2014.aspx/ | website=Election Commission of India | title=Archive of General Election 2014 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318025154/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/statistical_reportge2014.aspx/ | archive-date=March 18, 2015}}</ref>
In 2016, the party was recognised as state party in four states (West Bengal, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur), satisfying one of the conditions of the Election Commission.<ref>{{cite news |url =https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Trinamool-Congress-recognised-as-national-party/article14620149.ece|title =Trinamool Congress recognised as national party|publisher =[[The Hindu]] |quote =It is a recognised State party in West Bengal, Manipur, Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh, satisfying one of the conditions of the Election Commission.|location =New Delhi |date =2 September 2016|website =thehindu.com|author =PTI|access-date =11 May 2020}}</ref>
Although after the [[2019 Indian general election]], the party status got under revision by the [[Election Commission of India]].<ref>{{cite news |url =https://www.news18.com/news/politics/how-have-trinamool-cpi-ncp-failed-to-meet-national-party-status-while-npp-makes-it-an-explainer-2239173.html|title =Why Did TMC, CPI, NCP Fail to Meet National Party Status When NPP Made It? An Explainer|publisher =[[Network 18]]|quote =Due to several political developments over the past few years, the EC wants the three political parties to respond on why their ‘national party’ status should not be taken away.|location =Kolkata|date =20 July 2019|website =News18.com|author =Sujit Nath|access-date =11 May 2020}}</ref>
== Leadership ==
The highest decision-making body of the party is its Core Committee.
* [[Mamata Banerjee]] – Founder,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/West-Bengal#ref1115982|title=West Bengal {{!}} History, Culture, Map, Capital, & Population|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=21 September 2018|language=en}}</ref> National Chairperson, Leader of the party in the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] and Chief Minister of West Bengal.
* [[Abhishek Banerjee (politician)|Abhishek Banerjee]]- General Secretary of All India Trinamool Congress.
* [[Yashwant Sinha]] – National Vice President.
* [[Subrata Bakshi]] – President of West Bengal State Trinamool Congress , [[Member of parliament|MP]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
* [[Subrata Mukherjee]] – Cabinet Minister, Panchayat and Public Health Engineering, Govt of WB.
* [[Derek O'Brien (politician)|Derek O'Brien]] -National Spokesperson and Leader of the party in the [[Rajya Sabha]].
* [[Partha Chatterjee (politician)|Partha Chatterjee]] – General Secretary (West Bengal Trinamool Congress), Deputy Leader of the party in the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]].
* [[Sudip Bandyopadhyay]] – Leader of the party in the [[Lok Sabha]].
* [[Kakoli Ghosh Dastidar]] – Deputy leader of the party in the [[Lok Sabha]].
* [[Kalyan Banerjee (politician)|Kalyan Banerjee]] – Chief whip of the party in the [[Lok Sabha]].
* [[Sukhendu Shekhar Roy]] -Deputy Leader in Rajya Sabha.
* [[Firhad Hakim]] – [[Mayor of Kolkata]], Cabinet Minister, Urban Development Dept, Govt of WB.
== See also ==
{{Portal|Politics}}
* [[Indian National Congress breakaway parties]]
* [[Nationalist Trinamool Youth Congress]]
* [[List of political parties in India]]


The '''All India Trinamool Congress''' (abbreviated '''AITC''', '''TMC''' or '''Trinamool Congress''') is an [[India]]n political party based in [[West Bengal]].
== References ==
{{Reflist|40em}}


==History==
== External links ==
After being a member of the Indian National Congress for over 26 years, [[Mamata Banerjee]] formed her own party of Bengal, the "Trinamool Congress", which was registered with the [[Election Commission of India]] during mid-December 1999.  The Election Commission allotted to the party an exclusive symbol of Jora Ghas Phul. On 2 September 2016 election commission recognized AITC as a national political party.<ref>https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/trinamool-congress-tmc-national-party-status-election-commission-3010274/</ref>
* {{commons category-inline}}
* {{official|http://aitcofficial.org/}}


===Nandigram movement===
{{Indian political parties}}
In December 2006, the people of Nandigram were given notice by Haldia Development Authority that major portion of Nandigram would be seized and 70,000 people be evicted from their homes. People started movement against this land acquisition and Trinamool Congress led the movement. Bhumi Uchchhed Pratirodh Committee (BUPC) was formed against land grabbing and eviction. On 14 March 2007 the police opened firing and killed 14 villagers. Many more went missing. Many sources claimed which was supported by CBI in its report, that armed CPM cadres, along with police, fired on protesters in Nandigram Many intellectuals protested on the streets and this incident gave birth to a new movement. SUCI (C) leader Nanda Patra led the movement.<ref>http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/cpm-cadres-joined-cops-to-fire-now-beating-up-witnesses-cbi/251917/0</ref>
{{Authority control}}


==References==
{{West Bengal}}
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Political parties in India]]
[[Category:West Bengal]]


{{politics-stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trinamool Congress}}
[[Category:All India Trinamool Congress| ]]
[[Category:1998 establishments in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Anti-communist parties]]
[[Category:Anti-communism in India]]
[[Category:Anti-communist organizations]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1998]]
[[Category:National political parties in India]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress breakaway groups]]

Revision as of 18:03, 5 July 2021


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All India Trinamool Congress
AbbreviationAITC
LeaderMamata Banerjee
PresidentSubrata Bakshi
ChairpersonMamata Banerjee
General SecretaryAbhishek Banerjee
Parliamentary ChairpersonSudip Bandyopadhyay
Lok Sabha leaderSudip Bandyopadhyay
Rajya Sabha leaderDerek O'Brien
FounderMamata Banerjee
Founded1 January 1998 (27 years ago) (1998-01-01)
Split fromIndian National Congress
Headquarters30B Harish Chatterjee Street Kolkata-700026, West Bengal, India.
NewspaperJago Bangla (Bengali)
Student wingAll India Trinamool Chhatra Parishad
Youth wingAll India Trinamool Youth Congress
Women's wingAll India Trinamool Mahila Congress
Labour wingAll India Trinamool Trade Union Congress
Peasant's wingAll India Trinamool Kisan Congress
Colours  Green
ECI StatusNational party
AllianceNDA (1999–2007)
UPA (2009–2012)
Federal Front (2019–present)
Seats in Lok Sabha
20 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha
11 / 245
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies
Indian states
213 / 294
(West Bengal Legislative Assembly)
1 / 60
(Manipur Legislative Assembly)
Number of states and union territories in government
1 / 31
Election symbol
All India Trinamool Congress symbol.svg
Party flag
File:All India Trinamool Congress flag (1).svg
Website
aitcofficial.org

The All India Trinamool Congress (abbreviated AITC or TMC; translation: All India Grassroots Congress) is an Indian political party which is predominantly active in West Bengal.[1] The party is led by current chief minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee. Following the 2019 general election, it is currently the fourth-largest party in the Lok Sabha with 20 seats.[2] Since its inception the party has been at the forefront of the anti-communist movement in West Bengal.[3]

History

After being a member of the Indian National Congress for over 26 years, Mamata Banerjee joined "Trinamool Congress", which was registered with the Election Commission of India during mid-December 1997. The Election Commission allotted to the party an exclusive symbol of Jora Ghas Phul. On 2 September 2016 election commission recognized AITC as a national political party.[4]

Nandigram movement

Main article: Nandigram violence

In December 2006, the people of Nandigram were given notice by Haldia Development Authority that major portion of Nandigram would be seized and 70,000 people be evicted from their homes.[5] People started movement against this land acquisition and Trinamool Congress led the movement. Bhumi Uchchhed Pratirodh Committee (BUPC) was formed against land grabbing and eviction. On 14 March 2007 the police opened fire and killed 14 villagers. Many more went missing. Many sources claimed (and which was supported by the Central Bureau of Investigation in its report) that armed Communist Party of India (Marxist) cadres, along with police, fired on protesters in Nandigram[6] Many intellectuals protested on the streets and this incident gave birth to a new movement. SUCI (C) leader Nanda Patra led the movement.

Post-Nandigram/Singur elections

Main article: Singur Tata Nano controversy

In the 2009 Lok Sabha election, Trinamool Congress won 19 seats in West Bengal.

In the 2010 Kolkata municipal election, the party won 97 out of 141 seats. It also won a majority of other municipalities.

Presence in other states

Trinamool in Tripura

In 2010, Tripura Pradesh Trinamool Congress was working in Tripura to establish a Ma Mati Manush government in the state.[7]

Under the leadership of former leader of opposition and then MLA of Tripura, Sudip Roy Barman, six MLAs defected from INC along with many ex ministers, ex members of legislative assembly, senior state and district leaders along with thousands of party workers and supporters who joined AITC to fight the communists in Tripura. Barman himself later defected to the Bharatiya Janata Party along with 5 other AITC MLAs of Tripura Legislative Assembly in the presence of Himanta Biswa Sarma and Dharmendra Pradhan after they cross voted against party lines in the 2017 Indian presidential election.[8]

Trinamool in Manipur

In the 2012 assembly elections of Manipur, AITC won 8 seats, got 10% of the total votes & became the only opposition party in the Manipur Legislative Assembly. In the 2017 assembly elections the party won only one seat from Bishnupur & polled 5.4% of the total votes cast in the elections. Its lone Member of Legislative Assembly, Tongbram Robindro Singh supported Bharatiya Janata Party in forming government in Manipur in 2017. Later, Robindro Singh withdrew support from the Bharatiya Janata Party following the disqualification of 7 of its members to grant support the Indian National Congress as of 18 June 2020.[9]

Trinamool in Assam

In the 2001 Assam Legislative Assembly election, Jamal Uddin Ahmed won Badarpur constituency. He was a Trinamool Congress candidate.[10]

Trinamool in Kerala

Since 2012 the state unit is there in Kerala. Party fought in 2014 Indian general election and in 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election. In Assembly Election the candidates were contested without party symbol due to some technical issues.

From 2019 Mr. Shamsu Payanigal (Calicut) is leading the Party as the President in charge and Mr. Suresh Velayudhan (Palakkad) is leading as the State General Secretary. Mr. Siby Thomas (Ernakulam) leading as the state Organizing Secretary. While Derek O'Brien is the Observer of the State.

Electoral performance

Mamata Banerjee, Chief Minister of West Bengal and Chairperson of All India Trinamool Congress.

In the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, the Trinamool Congress-led alliance that included the INC and SUCI(C) won 227 seats in the 294-seat legislature. Trinamool Congress alone won 184 seats, enabling it to govern without an alliance. Subsequently, it won a by-election in Basirhat and two Congress MLAs switched to TMC, giving it a total of 187 seats.

Now the party has got a National Party Status, expanding its base in Tripura, Assam, Manipur, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Kerala,[11] Sikkim, Haryana and Arunachal Pradesh. In Kerala, the party contested from five seats in 2014 general elections.

On 18 September 2012, TMC Chief, Mamata Banerjee, announced her decision to withdraw support to the UPA after the TMC's demands to undo government-instituted changes including FDI in retail, increase in the price of diesel and limiting the number of subsidised cooking gas cylinders for households, were not met.[12][13]

In the 1998 Lok Sabha polls, TMC won 7 seats.[14] In the next Lok Sabha election that was held in 1999, Trinamool Congress won 8 seats with BJP, thus increasing its tally by one.[15] In 2000, TMC won the Kolkata Municipal Corporation Elections. In the 2001 Vidhan Sabha elections, TMC won 60 seats with Congress(I).[16] In the 2004 Lok Sabha elections, TMC won 1 seat with BJP.[17] In the 2006 Vidhan Sabha elections, TMC won 30 seats with BJP.

In the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, TMC won a majority of 184 seats (out of 294). Mamata Banerjee became the Chief Minister. In the following 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, TMC retains its majority and won 211 seats (out of 294).[18]

General election results

Lok Sabha Elections
Year LokSabha Party leader Seats Fight Seats won Seats +/- Vote % Vote swing Ref.
1998 12th Lok Sabha Mamata Banerjee 29
7 / 29
 Increase 7 2.42% – [19]
1999 13th Lok Sabha 29
8 / 29
 Increase 1 2.57% Increase 0.15% [20]
2004 14th Lok Sabha 33
2 / 33
 Decrease 6 2.07% Decrease 0.5% [21]
2009 15th Lok Sabha 26
19 / 26
 Increase 17 3.20% Increase 1.15% [22]
2014 16th Lok Sabha 45
34 / 45
 Increase 15 3.84% Increase 0.64% [23]
2019 17th Lok Sabha 62
22 / 62
 Decrease 12 4.11% Increase 0.27% [24]

State Legislative Assembly Elections

Vote share in consecutive West Bengal Assembly elections
2021
 
 47.94%
2016
 
 44.91%
2011
 
 38.93%
2006
 
 26.64%
2001
 
 30.66%
West Bengal Legislative Assembly Elections[25]
Election Year Party leader Seats contested Seats won Change in seats Percentage of votes Vote swing Popular vote Result
2001 Election Mamata Banerjee 226
60 / 294
 Increase 60 30.66% – 11,229,396 Opposition
2006 Election Mamata Banerjee 257
30 / 294
 Decrease 30 26.64% Decrease 4.02% 10,512,153 Opposition
2011 Election Mamata Banerjee 226
184 / 294
 Increase 154 38.93% Increase 12.29% 18,547,678 Government
2016 Election Mamata Banerjee 293
211 / 294
 Increase 27 44.91% Increase 5.98% 24,564,523 Government
2021 Election Mamata Banerjee 290
213 / 294
 Increase 2 47.94% Increase 3.03% 28,735,420 Government

Political slogan

Main article: Ma Mati Manush

Ma Mati Manush (Bengali: মা মাটি মানুষ) was primarily a slogan, coined by All India Trinamool Congress chief and current Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee. The term is literally translated as "Mother, Motherland and People". The slogan became very popular in West Bengal at the time of the 2011 assembly election. Later, Mamata Banerjee wrote a Bengali book with the same title.[26] A song was also recorded with the same title to glorify the theme. According to a report published in June 2011, it was one of the six most popular political slogans in India at that time.[27]

ECI status

After the 2014 Indian general elections, AITC has a national party status, because AITC had received 6% of the vote from five different states (West Bengal, Manipur, Tripura, Jharkhand, Assam).[28] In 2016, the party was recognised as state party in four states (West Bengal, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur), satisfying one of the conditions of the Election Commission.[29]

Although after the 2019 Indian general election, the party status got under revision by the Election Commission of India.[30]

Leadership

The highest decision-making body of the party is its Core Committee.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Know your party symbols!". Daily News and Analysis. 10 April 2014.
  2. ↑ "Membersaspects :of Lok Sabha". loksabha.niccivilisation.in.
  3. ↑ "The Anti-Communist of West Bengal". Forbes. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
  4. ↑ "Trinamool Congress gets national party status". Indian Express. 2 September 2016.
  5. ↑ "Nandigram says 'No!' to Dow's chemical hub". International Action Center – Boston. December 2007. Archived from the original on 6 July 2009. Retrieved 27 December 2009.
  6. ↑ "CPM cadres joined cops to fire, now beating up witnesses: CBI". Indian Express. 19 December 2007.
  7. ↑ "Mamata wins Bengal civic polls, demands early elections". NDTV. 2 June 2010.
  8. ↑ "Recognise Ex-TMC MLAs as BJP Members in Tripura: BJP".
  9. ↑ "Mess in Manipur". The Indian Express. 1 June 2020.
  10. ↑ "Assam Assembly Election Results in 2001". www.elections.in.
  11. ↑ "Kerala Pradesh Trinamool Congress". Archived from the original on 22 July 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
  12. ↑ "Rupee falls after TMC pulls out from government". Moneycontrol.com. 20 September 2012.
  13. ↑ "Mamata Banerjee's party ready to meet President tomorrow to officially quit UPA". NDTV. 20 September 2012.
  14. ↑ "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1998 to the 12th Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India.
  15. ↑ "Statistical Report on General Elections, 1999 to the 13th Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India.
  16. ↑ "Key Highlights of General Election, 2001 to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal" (PDF). Election Commission of India.
  17. ↑ "Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India.
  18. ↑ "West Bengal Election Results 2016: TMC storms back to power in Bengal, Cong-Left alliance loses". The Financial Express (India). 20 May 2016.
  19. ↑ "Statistical report on general elections, 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2014.
  20. ↑ "Statistical report on general elections, 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2014.
  21. ↑ "Statistical report on general elections, 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 30 May 2014.
  22. ↑ "LS 2009 : Performance of National Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  23. ↑ "LS 2014 : List of successful candidates" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 93. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  24. ↑ "LS 2019 : List of successful candidates". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  25. ↑ "West Bengal Assembly Election Results". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  26. ↑ Maa Mati Manush. ISBN 978-93-5080-024-9. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  27. ↑ "Six popular contemporary slogans". DNA India. 28 July 2011.
  28. ↑ "Archive of General Election 2014". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 18 March 2015.
  29. ↑ PTI (2 September 2016). "Trinamool Congress recognised as national party". thehindu.com. New Delhi: The Hindu. Retrieved 11 May 2020. It is a recognised State party in West Bengal, Manipur, Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh, satisfying one of the conditions of the Election Commission.
  30. ↑ Sujit Nath (20 July 2019). "Why Did TMC, CPI, NCP Fail to Meet National Party Status When NPP Made It? An Explainer". News18.com. Kolkata: Network 18. Retrieved 11 May 2020. Due to several political developments over the past few years, the EC wants the three political parties to respond on why their 'national party' status should not be taken away.
  31. ↑ "West Bengal | History, Culture, Map, Capital, & Population". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 September 2018.

External links


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