Howrah district

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Howrah District
হাওড়া জেলা
Belur Math - Ramakrishna Math and around, Howrah, Kolkata- IRCTC 2017 (20).jpg
Malaibari Lane - Bazaar Area - Amta - Howrah 2015-11-15 7135.JPG
Front view of Howrah District Library.jpg
Grass and Water Hyacinth - Santragachi Lake - Howrah 2013-01-25 3578.JPG
Bamboo Forest 20020400 2.jpg
Clockwise from top-left: Belur Math, Malaibari Bazaar in Amta, Santragachi Lake, Bamboo Forest in Howrah, Howrah District Library
Coordinates: 22°34′25″N 88°19′30″E / 22.5736296°N 88.3251045°E / 22.5736296; 88.3251045Coordinates: 22°34′25″N 88°19′30″E / 22.5736296°N 88.3251045°E / 22.5736296; 88.3251045
Country India
State West Bengal
DivisionPresidency
HeadquartersHowrah
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesHowrah, Uluberia, Serampore - partly
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesHowrah Uttar, Howrah Madhya, Shibpur, Howrah Dakshin, Sankrail, Panchla, Uluberia Purba, Uluberia Uttar, Uluberia Dakshin, Shyampur, Bagnan, Amta, Udaynarayanpur, Jagatballavpur, Domjur
Area
 • Total1,467 km2 (566 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total4,850,029
 • Density3,300/km2 (8,600/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy83.31 %
 • Sex ratio935
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH 16 , NH 2
Average annual precipitation1461 mm
Websitewww.howrah.gov.in
Howrah Metro Station

Howrah district (/ˈhrə/, Bengali: [ˈɦao̯ɽa]) is a district of the West Bengal state in eastern India. Howrah district is one of the highly urbanized area of West Bengal. The urbanised sectors gradually increase the slum populations. Howrah is the third smallest district after Kolkata and Kalimpong. It has thousands of years of rich heritage in the form of the great Bengali kingdom of Bhurshut. The district is named after its headquarters, the city of Howrah.[1]

Geography[edit]

Map of Howrah District

The Howrah district lies between 22°48′ N and 22°12′ N latitudes and between 88°23′ E and 87°50′ E longitudes.[2] The district is bounded by the Hooghly River and the North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas districts on the east, on the north by the Hooghly district (Arambagh and Shrirampur sub-divisions), and on the south by Midnapore East district (Tamluk sub-division). On the west Howrah district is bordered by the Ghatal sub-division of Midnapore West district, and partly by the Arambagh sub-division of Hooghly district to the north-west, and the Tamluk sub-division of Midnapore East district to the south-west.

Boundaries of the district are naturally determined by Rupnarayan River on west and south-west, and by Bhagirathi-Hooghly river on east and south-east side. On north side, the boundary is an artificial one except for Bally Canal on north-east and Damodar River on north-west.[3]

Annual normal rainfall is 1461 millimetre per year. Annual maximum temperature varies between 32-39 °C, whereas minimum temperature varies between 8-10 °C.

Divisions[edit]

Howrah District is split into the Howrah Sadar subdivision and the Uluberia subdivision. The Howrah Sadar subdivision has 1 municipal corporation with 1 municipality and 5 community development (CD) blocks. The Uluberia subdivision has 1 municipality and 9 community development blocks.

Each block consists of a rural area divided into gram panchayats along with census towns.[4] The district has 30 police stations (Howrah Police Commissionerate has 16 general police stations including 1 Women PS, 1 Cyber Crime PS and Howrah Rural PD has 10 general police stations including 1 Women PS, 1 Cyber Crime PS), 157 gram panchayats[5] and 50 census towns.

Area Subdivision Type Notes
Howrah Municipal Corporation Howrah Sadar Municipal Corporation includes the merged Bally Municipality and total number of wards is sixty six now[6][7]
Bally Jagachha Howrah Sadar CD Block consists of rural area with 8 gram panchayats and six census towns: Bally (different from Bally municipality), Chakapara, Chamrail, Eksara, Khalia and Jagadishpur Durgapur-Avoynagar1, Durgapur-Avoynagar2, Nischinda
Domjur Howrah Sadar CD Block consists of rural area with 18 gram panchayats and sixteen census towns: Domjur, Dakshin Jhapardaha, Khantora, Bhandardaha, Makardaha, Kantlia, Tentulkuli, Salap, Bankra, Nibra, Ankurhati, Bipra Noapara, Kalara, Kesabpur, Natibpur, and Mahiari
Panchla Howrah Sadar CD Block consists of rural area with 11 gram panchayats and seven census towns: Bikihakola, Beldubi, Deulpur, Gangadharpur, Jujersha, Jala-Biswanathpur, Banaharishpur, Chara-Panchla, Panchla, Subharara and Sahapur
Sankrail Howrah Sadar CD Block consists of rural area with 16 gram panchayats and fourteen census towns: Argari, Dhuilya, Andul, Ramchandrapur, Podara, Panchpara, Hatgachha, Jhorhat, Banipur, Mashila, Sankrail, Manikpur, Nalpur, Raghudebbati and Sarenga
Jagatballavpur Howrah Sadar CD Block consists of rural area with 14 gram panchayats and two census town: Mansinhapur and Munsirhat
Uluberia Municipality Uluberia Municipality
Amta I Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area only with 13 gram panchayats
Amta II Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area only with 14 gram panchayats
Bagnan I Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area with 10 gram panchayats and two census towns: Khalor and Bagnan
Bagnan II Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area with 7 gram panchayats and one census town: Naupala
Uluberia I Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area only with 9 gram panchayats.The most important village is Bar-Mongrajpur under Hatgacha-1 G.P.
Uluberia II Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area with 8 gram panchayats and three census towns: Santoshpur, Balaram Pota and Uttar Pirpur
Shyampur I Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area only with 10 gram panchayats
Shyampur II Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area only with 8 gram panchayats
Udaynarayanpur Uluberia CD Block CD block consists of rural area only with 11 gram panchayats

Demographics[edit]

Religions of Howrah District (2011)[8]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
72.9%
Islam
26.2%
Others
0.9%

Languages of Howrah District (2011)[9]

  Bengali (84.99%)
  Hindi (10.92%)
  Urdu (2.86%)
  Others (1.23%)

According to the 2011 census Howrah district has a population of 4,850,029,[10] roughly equal to the nation of Singapore[11] or the US state of Alabama.[12] This gives it a ranking of 23rd in India (out of a total of 640).[10] The district has a population density of 3,306 inhabitants per square kilometre (8,560/sq mi).[10] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.31%.[10] Haora has a sex ratio of 935 females for every 1000 males[10] and a literacy rate of 83.85%.[10]

Total area in Howrah District is 1467 km2. Total population is 4,273,099 as per census 2001 records. 57.91% of the population live in Howrah Sadar subdivision and rest 42.09% live in Uluberia subdivision. Population Density: 2913 per km2.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901850,514—    
1911943,502+1.04%
1921997,403+0.56%
19311,098,867+0.97%
19411,490,304+3.09%
19511,611,373+0.78%
19612,038,477+2.38%
19712,417,286+1.72%
19812,966,861+2.07%
19913,729,644+2.31%
20014,273,099+1.37%
20114,850,029+1.27%
source:[13]
Howrah Municipal Corporation

Assembly constituencies[edit]

The district is divided into 16 assembly constituencies:[14] Sankrail and Uluberia North constituencies will remain reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. The division is represented in the Lok Sabha by the Howrah (Lok Sabha constituency) and Uluberia (Lok Sabha constituency) .

Constituency No. Name District Reservation for SC/ST Lok Sabha constituency
169 Bally (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Howrah
170 Howrah Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Howrah
171 Howrah Madhya (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Howrah
172 Shibpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Howrah
173 Howrah Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Howrah
174 Sankrail (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah SC Howrah
175 Panchla (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Howrah
176 Uluberia Purba (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Uluberia
177 Uluberia Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah SC Uluberia
178 Uluberia Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Uluberia
179 Shyampur (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Uluberia
180 Bagnan (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Uluberia
181 Amta (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Uluberia
182 Udaynarayanpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Uluberia
183 Jagatballavpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Srerampur
184 Domjur (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Howrah None Srerampur

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. Howrah Archived 7 September 2005 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Geographical location of Howrah district and its headquarters". Archived from the original on 23 December 2008.
  3. "Howrah, the second largest city of West Bengal and twin of Kolkata is said to have a rich history that dates back to 500 years". Archived from the original on 20 December 2007.
  4. "Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001". West Bengal. Directorate of census operations. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 12 October 2008.
  5. "Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008". West Bengal. National Informatics Centre, India. 19 March 2008. Archived from the original on 25 February 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2008.
  6. "About HMC – Howrah Municipal Corporation". About HMC. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
  7. Basu, Pritesh (5 January 2016). "HMC sets up 'Mayor's Cop' to monitor civic amenities". www.millenniumpost.in. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
  8. "C-1 Population By Religious Community". Census. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
  9. "C-16 Population By Mother Tongue". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  11. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Singapore 4,740,737 July 2011 est.
  12. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Alabama 4,779,736
  13. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  14. "General election to the Legislative Assembly, 2001 – List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2008. Retrieved 19 November 2008.

External links[edit]

Template:Minority Concentrated Districts in India