State legislative assemblies of India: Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by WikiDwarf
Last edited May 9, 2026
← Older editNewer edit →
VisualWikitext
UpdateBot (talk | contribs)
Bots
22,126 edits
No edit summary
content update
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|Lower house (or only house) of an Indian state, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, or Pondicherry}}
{{short description|Lower house (or only house) of an Indian state, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, or Pondicherry}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{for|the upper house|State legislative councils of India}}
{{for|the upper house|State legislative councils of India}}
{{Politics of India}}
{{Politics of India}}
The '''State Legislative Assembly''', or '''Vidhan Sabha''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Vidhan_Sabha |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/vidhan+sabha |website=[[Collins English Dictionary]] |publisher=[[HarperCollins Publishers]] |date=2014}}</ref> or also '''Saasana Sabha''', is a legislative body in the states and union territories of [[India]]. In the [[States and union territories of India|28 states]] and 3 [[Union territory|union territories]] with a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] [[State legislature (India)|state legislature]], it is the sole legislative body and in 6 states it is the [[lower house]] of their [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] state legislatures with the [[upper house]] being [[State legislative councils of India|State Legislative Council]]. 5 union territories are governed directly by the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]] and have no legislative body.
The '''State Legislative Assembly''', also known as the '''Vidhan Sabha''' or the '''Saasana Sabha''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Vidhan Sabha |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/vidhan+sabha |work=[[Collins English Dictionary]] |publisher=[[Harper Collins]] |date=2014 |access-date=15 November 2020 |archive-date=2 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302005312/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Vidhan+Sabha |url-status=live }}</ref> is a legislative body in each of the states and certain [[Union territory|union territories]] of [[India]]. [[Member of the Legislative Assembly|Members of the legislative assembly]] are often directly elected to serve five year terms from [[Single-member district|single-member constituencies]]. A legislative assembly may be [[dissolution of parliament|dissolved]] in a [[State of Emergency in India|state of emergency]], by the [[Governor (India)|governor]] on request of the [[Chief Minister (India)|chief minister]] of the respective state or union territory, or if a [[motion of no confidence]] is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.


Each [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) is directly elected to serve 5-year terms by [[Single-member district|single-member constituencies]]. The [[Constitution of India]] states that a State Legislative Assembly must have no less than 60 and no more than 500 members however an exception may be granted via an [[List of Acts of the Parliament of India|Act]] of [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] as is the case in the states of [[Goa]], [[Sikkim]], [[Mizoram]] and the union territory of [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] which have fewer than 60 members. A State Legislative Assembly may be [[dissolution of parliament|dissolved]] in a [[State of Emergency in India|state of emergency]], by the [[Governor (India)|Governor]] on request of the [[Chief Minister (India)|Chief Minister]], or if a [[motion of no confidence]] is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.<ref>{{Cite web|title=State Legislative Assemblies|url=https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf|website=www.india.gov.in|access-date=2018-12-12}}</ref>
== Definition and powers ==
As per the [[Constitution of India]], where there is a [[unicameral]] legislature, the legislative body is termed as the legislative assembly.<ref name="COI">{{cite web |title=Constitution of India |url=https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425183923/https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf |archive-date=25 April 2018 |access-date=12 December 2018 |work=[[Government of India]]}}</ref>{{rp|page=82}} In [[bicameral]] jurisdictions, there exists a [[State Legislative Council]]. The legislative assembly has the power to create or abolish the legislative council of the respective state or union territory by passing a resolution to that effect by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=82}} The term of a legislative assembly is fixed at five years unless it is dissolved prior to it. In certain cases such as an emergency of the state, the term can be extended by the [[Parliament of India|Indian parliament]] for one year at a time.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=85}} The [[Governor (India)|Governor]] of the respective state shall convene the assembly periodically, with no more than six months gap between consecutive sessions.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=86}} The assembly is presided over by a speaker, who shall be a member of the assembly and elected by the members of that constituent assembly.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=86}}


==Member of Legislative Assembly==
The state legislature has the power to enact laws concerning state subjects as defined in the constitution.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=95}} The union territories which have a legislature have certain restrictions in terms of these powers.<ref name="UT">{{cite web|url=https://knowindia.india.gov.in/profile/union-territories.php|title=Union territories|work=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> In a bicameral legislature, a legislative assembly holds equal legislative power with the [[upper house]] of the state legislature, the [[State Legislative Council]], in terms of passing of bills except in case of [[money bill]]s. A normal bill can originate in any of the house, and is deemed to be passed only if it is cleared by both houses.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=95}} If a bill is passed by the legislative assembly, it should not be held for more than three months by the council. If the bill is sent back by the council, and is again passed by the assembly, the council is expected to act on it within one month.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=95}} If the time elapses or if it is sent back, the bill is deemed to have been passed with or without any amendments if any are made by the legislative assembly.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=96}} In case of money bills, it shall be introduced only in the assembly and the assembly can accept or reject the recommendations if any that are communicated from the council.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=96}}
To become a member of a State Legislative Assembly voters' list of the state for which they are contesting an election. They may not be a [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]] and Member of the State Legislative Council at the same time. They should also state that there is no [[criminal procedure]]s against him or her.
A State Legislative Assembly holds equal legislative power with the [[upper house]] of the state legislature, the State Legislative Council, except in the area of [[Dissolution of parliament|dissolution]] of [[State governments of India|state government]] and passing of [[money bill]]s, in which case the State Legislative Assembly has the ultimate authority.


Powers of legislative assemblies are given below:
A [[motion of no confidence]] against the government in the state can only be introduced in the state legislative assembly. If it is passed by a majority vote, then the [[Chief Minister (India)|chief minister]] and her/his [[Cabinet (government)|council of ministers]] must [[cabinet collective responsibility|collectively]] resign.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/58692/1/cabinet_responsibilty_motions_of_confidence.pdf|title=Motions of confidene|work=[[Parliament of India]]|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227054901/https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/58692/1/cabinet_responsibilty_motions_of_confidence.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
* A [[motion of no confidence]] against the government in the state can only be introduced in the State Legislative Assembly. If it is passed by a majority vote, then the [[Chief Minister (India)|Chief Minister]] and her/his [[Cabinet (government)|Council of Ministers]] must [[cabinet collective responsibility|collectively]] resign.
* A [[money bill]] can only be introduced in State Legislative Assembly. In bicameral jurisdictions, after it is passed in the State Legislative Assembly, it is sent to the [[State legislative councils of India|State Legislative Council]], where it can be kept for a maximum time of 14 days.
* In matters related to ordinary bills, the will of the State Legislative Assembly prevails and there is no provision of [[joint session|joint sitting]]. In such cases, State Legislative Council can delay the legislation by a maximum of 4 months (3 months in the first visit and 1 month in the second visit of the bill).
* Legislative Assembly of the state has to power to create or abolish the State Legislative Council by passing a resolution to that effect by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Explainer: Why Jagan Reddy wants to abolish the legislative council in Andhra Pradesh|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/01/28/explainer-what-are-state-legislative-councils-and-why-did-andhra-pradesh-abolish-it.html}}</ref>


==Current State Legislative Assemblies==
== Members ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{{main|Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)}}
! Assembly !! Image !! Constituencies !! Seat(s) !! House strength
 
! colspan="2" | Ruling party !! Current house
The [[Constitution of India]] states that a legislative assembly must have no less than 60 members and a maximum of 500 members.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=82}} However an exception may be granted via an [[List of Acts of the Parliament of India|act]] of the [[Parliament of India|Indian parliament]] and is the case in the states of [[Goa Legislative Assembly|Goa]], [[Sikkim Legislative Assembly|Sikkim]], [[Mizoram Legislative Assembly|Mizoram]] and the union territory of [[Puducherry Legislative Assembly|Puducherry]] which have fewer than 60 members.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://unacademy.com/content/clat/study-material/legal-reasoning/state-legislative-assembly/|title=State legislative assembly|work=[[Unacademy]]|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=3 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250503135113/https://unacademy.com/content/clat/study-material/legal-reasoning/state-legislative-assembly/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
A [[Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) is directly elected from [[Single-member district|single-member constituencies]], which are divided roughly equally based on the population of the region. The number of seats may be revised following a census by an act of the parliament.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=82}} A few assemblies have nominated members such as the case of [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|Jammu and Kashmir]] and Puducherry. To become a [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of Legislative Assembly]], a person must be of minimum 25 years of age and be a citizen of India. He/she might not hold any other government office, and should declare the information required by the election commission including any [[criminal procedure]]s against him or her.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=85}}
 
After the election of a member, he/she is expected to take an oath of affirmation.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=91}} The members are paid salaries and allowances as fixed by the respective assemblies.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=90}} A member of the assembly may resign on his/her own accord. A member can also be disqualified if found to hold another office of profit in the government, is of no sound mind, has been declared insolvent, or ineligible by a court of law.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=91}} Members of the assembly are exempt from any legal cases arising out of what has been said in the assembly.<ref name="COI"/>{{rp|page=94}}
 
== Legislative assemblies ==
{{Also|State governments of India}}
In [[States and union territories of India|28 states]] and three [[Union territory|union territories]], there is a [[Unicameralism|unicameral legislature]] which is the sole legislative body.<ref name="List">{{cite web|url=https://igod.gov.in/leg/L004/organizations|title=List of state assemblies|work=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="UT"/> In six states, the legislative assembly is the [[lower house]] of their [[Bicameralism|bicameral legislature]] with the [[upper house]] being the [[State legislative councils of India|State Legislative Council]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/list-of-state-legislative-councils-of-india-1621860426-1|title=Legislative Council of India|work=[[Jagran Prakashan]]|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=24 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241124191403/https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/list-of-state-legislative-councils-of-india-1621860426-1|url-status=live}}</ref> Five union territories are governed directly by the [[Government of India|union government]] and have no legislative body.<ref name="UT"/>
 
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"style="font-size: 90%"
|+List of legislative assemblies<ref name="List"/>
! Legislative assembly !! Seat(s) !! No. of members<ref name="ECI">{{cite web|title=Terms of the Houses|url=https://www.eci.gov.in/term-of-the-houses|access-date=28 August 2022|work=[[Election Commission of India]]|archive-date=7 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250807185225/https://www.eci.gov.in/term-of-the-houses|url-status=live}}</ref>
!colspan=2|Ruling party<ref name="Party"/> !! Current term
|-
|-
|[[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Andhra Pradesh]]
|[[File:Andhra Pradesh Secretariat.jpg|frameless|100px]]||[[List of constituencies of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]]
|[[Amaravati]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|175]]
|[[Amaravati]] || 175
|{{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|YSR Congress Party}}" |
|[[16th Andhra Pradesh Assembly|16th]]
|[[YSR Congress Party]]
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
|[[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
|[[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Arunachal Pradesh]]|| [[Itanagar]]|| align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|60]]  
|||[[List of constituencies of the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Itanagar]]|| 60
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[11th Arunachal Pradesh Assembly|11th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[10th Arunachal Pradesh Assembly|Tenth]]
|-
|-
|[[Assam Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[Assam Legislative Assembly|Assam]] || [[Dispur]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Assam Legislative Assembly|126]]  
||| [[List of constituencies of the Assam Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Dispur]] || 126
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[15th Assam Assembly|15th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
| [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Bihar Legislative Assembly|Bihar]] || [[Patna]]  
|[[File:Vidhan-sabha-bihar.jpg|frameless|100px]]
|align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Bihar Legislative Assembly|243]]  
|[[List of constituencies of the Bihar Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Patna]] || 243
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)|dab=y}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal (United)}}" |
|[[18th Bihar Assembly|18th]]
|[[Janata Dal (United)]]
|[[17th Bihar Assembly|Seventeenth]]
|-
|-
| [[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly|Chhattisgarh]]
||| [[List of constituencies of the Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly|List]]  
| [[Raipur]]|| align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly|90]]
| [[Naya Raipur]] || 90
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[6th Chhattisgarh Assembly|6th]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|Fifth
|-
|-
| [[Delhi Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Delhi Legislative Assembly|Delhi]] || [[New Delhi]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Delhi Legislative Assembly|70]]  
||| [[List of constituencies of the Delhi Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[New Delhi]] || 70
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}" |
|[[8th Delhi Assembly|8th]]
|[[Aam Aadmi Party]]
|[[7th Delhi Assembly|Seventh]]
|-
|-
| [[Goa Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Goa Legislative Assembly|Goa]] || [[Panaji]]  
|[[File:India Goa Assembly.jpg|frameless|100px]]
| align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Goa Legislative Assembly|40]]  
|| [[List of constituencies of the Goa Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Panaji]] || 40
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[8th Goa Assembly|8th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[Eighth Goa Legislative Assembly|Eighth]]
|-
|-
| [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly|Gujarat]]
|[[File:SACHIVALAY PANORAMA.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly|List]]
| [[Gandhinagar]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly|182]]
| [[Gandhinagar]] || 182
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[15th Gujarat Assembly|15th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|Fourteenth
|-
|-
| [[Haryana Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Haryana Legislative Assembly|Haryana]] || [[Chandigarh]]|| align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Haryana Legislative Assembly|90]]  
|[[File:Secretariat Chandigarh.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Haryana Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Chandigarh]]|| 90
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[15th Haryana Assembly|15th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|Fourteenth
|-
|-
| [[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Himachal Pradesh]]|| [[Shimla]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Dharamshala]] {{small|(winter)}}
| [[File:Himachal Pradesh e-Assembly.jpg|frameless|100px]]
| align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|68]]
|| [[List of constituencies of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Shimla]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Dharamshala]] {{small|(winter)}}
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|| 68
|[[14th Himachal Pradesh Assembly|14th]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[13th Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh|Thirteenth]]
|-
|-
| [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|Jammu and Kashmir]]
||| [[List of constituencies of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|List]]
|| [[Srinagar]] {{small|(summer)}}<br />[[Jammu]] {{small|(winter)}}|| align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|95]]{{efn|name=JK|Five nominated members}}
|| [[Srinagar]] {{small|(summer)}}<br />[[Jammu]] {{small|(winter)}}
|{{Full party name with color|Jammu & Kashmir National Conference}}
|| 85<sup>†</sup>
|[[13th Jammu and Kashmir Assembly|13th]]
|bgcolor="grey"|
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |N/A<br />([[President's rule]])
|-
|-
| [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly|Jharkhand]] || [[Ranchi]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly|81]]  
||| [[List of constituencies of the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Ranchi]] || 81
|{{Full party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
|style="background-color:  {{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}" |
|[[6th Jharkhand Assembly|6th]]
|[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
|Fifth
|-
|-
| [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly|Karnataka]]
| [[File:Vidhana Souda , Bangalore.jpg|frameless|100px]] [[File:Suvarna Vidhana Soudha.jpg|frameless|100px]] ||[[List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly|List]]
|| [[Bangalore]] {{small|(summer)}}<br>[[Belgaum]] {{small|(winter)}}||align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly|224]]
|| [[Bangalore]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Belgaum]] {{small|(winter)}}
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|| 224
|[[16th Karnataka Assembly|16th]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[15th Karnataka Assembly|Fifteenth]]  
|-
|-
| [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Kerala]] || [[Thiruvananthapuram]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Kerala Legislative Assembly|140]]  
|[[File:Niyamasabha Mandiram.JPG|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Kerala Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Thiruvananthapuram]] || 140
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" |
|[[15th Kerala Assembly|15th]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
| [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Madhya Pradesh]] || [[Bhopal]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly|230]]  
|[[File:Madhyapradesh Legislative Assembly.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Bhopal]] || 230
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[16th Madhya Pradesh Assembly|16th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
| [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Maharashtra]] || [[Mumbai]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Nagpur]] {{small|(winter)}}
|[[File:Vidhan Bhavan1.jpg|frameless|100px]]
| align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|288]]
|| [[List of constituencies of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Mumbai]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Nagpur]] {{small|(winter)}}
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|| 288
|[[15th Maharashtra Assembly|15th]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Shiv Sena}}" |
|[[Shiv Sena]]
|Fourteenth
|-
|-
| [[Manipur Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Manipur Legislative Assembly|Manipur]] || [[Imphal]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Manipur Legislative Assembly|60]]  
||| [[List of constituencies of the Manipur Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Imphal]] || 60
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[12th Manipur Assembly|12th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|Twelfth
|-
|-
| [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly|Meghalaya]] || [[Shillong]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly|60]]  
||| [[List of constituencies of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Shillong]] || 60
|{{Full party name with color|National People's Party (India)}}  
|style="background-color: {{party color|National People's Party (India)}}" |
|[[11th Meghalaya Assembly|11th]]
|[[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]]
|[[10th Meghalaya Assembly|Tenth]]
|-
|-
| [[Mizoram Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Mizoram Legislative Assembly|Mizoram]] || [[Aizawl]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Mizoram Legislative Assembly|40]]  
|[[File:Mizoram Assembly House.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Mizoram Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Aizawl]] || 40
|{{Full party name with color|Zoram People's Movement}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Mizo National Front}}" |
|[[9th Mizoram Assembly|9th]]
|[[Mizo National Front]]
|Seventh
|-
|-
| [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly|Nagaland]] || [[Kohima]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Nagaland Legislative Assembly|60]]  
||| [[List of constituencies of the Nagaland Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Kohima]] || 60
|{{Full party name with color|Naga People's Front}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party}}" |
|[[14th Nagaland Assembly|14th]]
|[[Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party]]
|Thirteenth
|-
|-
| [[Odisha Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Odisha]] || [[Bhubaneshwar]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Odisha Legislative Assembly|147]]  
|[[File:ORISSA SECRETARIAT.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Odisha Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Bhubaneshwar]] || 147
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}" |
|[[17th Odisha Assembly|17th]]
|[[Biju Janata Dal]]
|Sixteenth
|-
|-
| [[Puducherry Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Puducherry Legislative Assembly|Puducherry]] || [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly|33]]{{efn|name=Pudu|Three nominated members}}
|[[File:Pondicherry Legislative Assembly.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] || 33<sup>‡</sup>
|{{Full party name with color|All India N.R. Congress}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|All India N.R. Congress}}" |
|[[15th Puducherry Assembly|15th]]
|[[All India N.R. Congress]]
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
| [[Punjab Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Punjab Legislative Assembly|Punjab]] || [[Chandigarh]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Punjab Legislative Assembly|117]]  
|[[File:Assembly 09.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Punjab Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Chandigarh]] || 117
|{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}  
|style="background-color: {{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}" |
|[[16th Punjab Assembly|16th]]
|[[Aam Aadmi Party]]
|[[Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly|Sixteenth]]
|-
|-
| [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Rajasthan]] || [[Jaipur]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|200]]  
||| [[List of constituencies of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Jaipur]] || 200
|{{Full party name with color | Bharatiya Janata Party }}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[16th Rajasthan Assembly|16th]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
| [[Sikkim Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Sikkim Legislative Assembly|Sikkim]] || [[Gangtok]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Sikkim Legislative Assembly|32]]  
|[[File:Sikkim Assembly Gangtok.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Sikkim Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Gangtok]] || 32
|{{Full party name with color|Sikkim Krantikari Morcha}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Sikkim Krantikari Morcha}}" |
|[[11th Sikkim Assembly|11th]]
|[[Sikkim Krantikari Morcha]]
|Tenth
|-
|-
| [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|Tamil Nadu]] || [[Chennai]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|234]]  
|[[File:Fort St. George, Chennai 2.jpg|frameless|100x100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Chennai]] || 234
|{{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}" |
|[[16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|16th]]
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|[[16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|Sixteenth]]
|-
|-
|[[Telangana Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[Telangana Legislative Assembly|Telangana]] || [[Hyderabad]] ||align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Telangana Legislative Assembly|119]]  
|[[File:Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.jpg|frameless|100px]]||[[List of constituencies of the Telangana Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Hyderabad]] || 119
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Telangana Rashtra Samithi}}" |
|[[3rd Telangana Assembly|3rd]]
|[[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]]
|[[2nd Telangana Assembly|Second]]
|-
|-
| [[Tripura Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Tripura Legislative Assembly|Tripura]] || [[Agartala]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Tripura Legislative Assembly|60]]  
|[[File:Ujjayanta palace Tripura State Museum Agartala India.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Tripura Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Agartala]] || 60
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[13th Tripura Assembly|13th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[12th Tripura Assembly|Twelfth]]  
|-
|-
| [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Uttar Pradesh]] || [[Lucknow]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|403]]  
|[[File:Vidhan Sabha Lucknow.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Lucknow]] || 403
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly|18th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly|Eighteenth]]  
|-
|-
| [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly|Uttarakhand]]|| [[Bhararisain]] {{small|(summer)}}<br>[[Dehradun]] {{small|(winter)}}|| align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly|70]]
||| [[List of constituencies of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Bhararisain]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Dehradun]] {{small|(winter)}}
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|| 70
|[[5th Uttarakhand Assembly|5th]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[5th Uttarakhand Assembly|Fifth]]
|-
|-
| [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|West Bengal]] || [[Kolkata]] || align="center" | [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly|294]]  
|[[File:West Bengal State Legislative Assembly House, Kolkata.jpg|frameless|100px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Kolkata]] || 294
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}" |
|[[17th West Bengal Assembly|17th]]
|[[All India Trinamool Congress]]
|[[17th West Bengal Assembly|Seventeenth]]
|-
|-
! Total  
! Total  
! colspan="3"| {{em dash}}|| 4,121<ref>{{cite web|title=Election Commission of India|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/seat_in_legislativeassembilies.aspx|publisher=eci.nic.in|access-date=12 January 2017}}</ref>
!{{em dash}}
!4,131
! colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | {{em dash}}  
! colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | {{em dash}}  
|}
|}
{{Notelist}}


==State Legislative Assemblies by ruling parties==
=== By ruling party ===
 
<!--This section is transcluded on State Governments of India-->
 
The [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]-led [[National Democratic Alliance]] is in power in 21 legislative assemblies; the [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]] is in power in eight legislative assemblies while two legislative assemblies are ruled by two other parties <ref name="Party">{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtvprofit.com/nation/full-list-of-chief-ministers-in-india-2025-bjp-rules-14-states-and-union-territories|title=Full List Of Chief Ministers In India 2025: BJP Rules 14 States And Union Territories|work=[[NDTV]]|access-date=1 April 2025|archive-date=20 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220132059/https://www.ndtvprofit.com/nation/full-list-of-chief-ministers-in-india-2025-bjp-rules-14-states-and-union-territories|url-status=live}}</ref>
<!-- this section is transcluded on State governments of India -->
[[File:Current ruling alliances in Indian states and union territories 2025.png|thumb|upright=1.5|Colour-coded map of India showing the ruling alliances in various states and union territories:
[[File:State- and union territory-level parties.svg|alt=|thumb|350x350px|Current ruling parties in India {{legend|#FF9933|BJP (12)}}
{{legend|#FF9A30|[[National Democratic Alliance]] (21)}}
{{legend|#FFC969|[[National Democratic Alliance|BJP Alliance]] (5)}}
{{Legend|#00C0FF|[[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]] (8)}}
{{legend|#00BFFF|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (2)}}{{Legend|#00EBFF|[[United Progressive Alliance|INC Alliance]] (3)}}{{Legend|#ff0000|Unaligned Parties (8)}}
{{Legend|#DE5757|Others (2)}}
{{legend|#000000|[[President's rule]] (1)}}
{{legend|#515151|[[Union territory|No legislature]] (5)}}]]
{{legend|#808080|[[Union territory|No legislature]] (5)}}]]
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"style="font-size: 90%"
 
|+List by ruling party<ref name="Party"/>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!colspan=2|Ruling party  
! colspan="2" | Ruling party  
!States/UTs
! States/ UTs
|-
! colspan="2" | Alliance
! colspan="3" |[[National Democratic Alliance]] (21)<ref>{{cite web|date=19 July 2023|title=The 38 parties in the NDA fold|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-politics/38-parties-nda-8848786/|access-date=1 August 2023|work=[[The Indian Express]]|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814005655/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-politics/38-parties-nda-8848786/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|-
| colspan="5" |'''State Govts Ruled By BJP & NDA (17)'''
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|15
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|{{Full party name with color|All India N.R. Congress}}
|12
|1
| {{Party name with colour|National Democratic Alliance|rowspan=6}}
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Janata Dal (United)}}
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}  
|1
|1
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party}}
|{{Full party name with color|Naga People's Front}}
|1
|1
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|National People's Party (India)}}
|{{Full party name with color|National People's Party (India)}}
|1
|1
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|All India N.R. Congress}}
|{{Full party name with color|Sikkim Krantikari Morcha}}
|1
|1
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Sikkim Krantikari Morcha}}
|{{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party}}
|1
|1
|-
|-
| colspan="5" |'''State Govts Ruled by INC & UPA (5)'''
! colspan="3" |[[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]] (8)<ref>{{cite web|date=19 July 2023|title=Opposition's push for a new name explained|url=https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/india-from-upa-oppositions-push-for-a-new-name-explained-11689748617775.html|access-date=25 July 2023|work=[[Live Mint]]|archive-date=25 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725074244/https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/india-from-upa-oppositions-push-for-a-new-name-explained-11689748617775.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|2
|3
| {{Party name with colour|United Progressive Alliance|rowspan=4}}
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}  
|1
|1
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
|{{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|1
|1
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Shiv Sena}}
|{{Full party name with color|Jammu & Kashmir National Conference}}
|1
|1
|-
|-
| colspan="5" |'''State Govts Ruled By Unaligned Parties (8)'''
|{{Full party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|2
| {{Party name with colour|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|-
| {{Party name with colour|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|1
|1
| {{Party name with colour|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Telangana Rashtra Samithi}}
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|1
|1
| {{Party name with colour|Telangana Rashtra Samithi}}
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|YSR Congress Party}}
! colspan="3" |Others (2)
|1
| {{Party name with colour|YSR Congress Party}}
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Biju Janata Dal}}
|{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|1
|1
| {{Party name with colour|Biju Janata Dal}}
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|{{Full party name with color|Zoram People's Movement}}
|1
|1
| {{Party name with colour|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}
|-
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Mizo National Front}}
|1
| {{Party name with colour|Mizo National Front}}
|}
|}


The [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]-led [[National Democratic Alliance]] is in power in 17 states/union territories; the [[Indian National Congress]]-led [[United Progressive Alliance]] is in power in 5 states/union territories; 8 states are ruled by other parties/alliances; and 5 union territories do not have a legislative assembly. The newly formed Union territory of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] hasn't had elections to form a government and [[President's rule]] has been imposed there.
=== Defunct assemblies ===
 
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"style="font-size: 90%"
==Former State Legislative Assemblies==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Assembly
! Assembly
! Seat
! Seat
Line 316: Line 243:
! Abolished by
! Abolished by
|-
|-
| [[Ajmer Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Ajmer Legislative Assembly|Ajmer]]
|| [[Ajmer]] || 1950–1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|| [[Ajmer]] || 1950–1956 ||  rowspan="2"|[[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]
|-
| [[Bhopal Legislative Assembly|Bhopal]]
|| [[Bhopal]] || 1949–1956
|-
| [[Bombay Legislative Assembly|Bombay]]
|| [[Bombay]] || 1950–1960 || Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960
|-
|-
| [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Coorg Legislative Assembly|Coorg]]
|| [[Mumbai|Bombay]] || 1950–1960 || Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960.
|| [[Madikeri|Mercara]] || 1950–1956 || rowspan="3"|[[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]
|-
|-
| [[Coorg Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Hyderabad Legislative Assembly|Hyderabad]]
|| [[Madikeri|Mercara]] || 1950–1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|| [[Hyderabad]] || 1948–1956
|-
|-
|Hyderabad Legislative Assembly
| Madhya Bharat
|| [[Hyderabad]] || 1952–1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|| [[Gwalior]]|| 1948–1956
|-
|-
| [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union Legislative Assembly|PEPSU Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Madras Legislative Assembly|Madras]]
|| [[Patiala]] || 1950–1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|| [[Madras]] || 1947–1969 || Madras State (Alteration of Name) Act, 1968
|-
| [[Mysore Legislative Assembly|Mysore]]
|| [[Mysore]] || 1947–1973 || Mysore State (Alteration of Name) Act of 1973
|-
| [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union Legislative Assembly|PEPSU]]
|| [[Patiala]] || 1948–1956 || rowspan="4"|[[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]
|-
| Saurashtra
|| [[Rajkot]] || 1948–1956
|-
| [[Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly|Travancore-Cochin]]
|| [[Trivandrum]] || 1949–1956
|-
| Vindhya Pradesh
|| [[Rewa, Madhya Pradesh|Rewa]] || 1948–1956
|}
|}


==Notes==
== See also ==
*<sup>†</sup> – In Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly, two seats are reserved for the nominated women members. In addition to that, twenty-four more seats are reserved for the representatives from [[Pakistan-administered Kashmir]] and not counted normally.
*[[Central Legislative Assembly]]
*<sup>‡</sup> – In Puducherry Legislative Assembly, three seats are reserved for the members nominated by the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]].
 
==See also==
*[[State legislature (India)|State Legislature]]
*[[Lower house]]
*[[Lok Sabha]]
*[[Lok Sabha]]
*[[Central Legislative Assembly]]
*[[Rajya Sabha]]
*[[Legislative assembly]]
*[[State governments of India]]
*[[State governments of India]]
*[[State legislature (India)|State Legislature]]
*[[List of Indian state legislative assembly elections]]
*[[List of Indian state legislative assembly elections]]
*[[Politics of India]]


== References ==
== References ==
Line 351: Line 293:
==External links==
==External links==
* [http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/ Legislative Bodies in India] website
* [http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/ Legislative Bodies in India] website
* [http://www.lawsofindia.org Laws of India] website to download laws made by different states


{{Legislatures of India}}
{{Legislatures of India}}
Line 359: Line 300:
{{DEFAULTSORT:State Legislative Assembly}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:State Legislative Assembly}}
[[Category:State legislatures of India|*]]
[[Category:State legislatures of India|*]]
[[Category:State lower houses in India]]
[[Category:State lower houses in India| ]]

Revision as of 14:46, 6 February 2026


For the upper house, see State legislative councils of India.
India
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
India
Federal government
Legislature
Parliament of India
Executive
Judiciary
Elections
  • General elections
Political parties
National coalitions
Federalism
 India portal

The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha,[1] is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.

Definition and powers

As per the Constitution of India, where there is a unicameral legislature, the legislative body is termed as the legislative assembly.[2](p82) In bicameral jurisdictions, there exists a State Legislative Council. The legislative assembly has the power to create or abolish the legislative council of the respective state or union territory by passing a resolution to that effect by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting.[2](p82) The term of a legislative assembly is fixed at five years unless it is dissolved prior to it. In certain cases such as an emergency of the state, the term can be extended by the Indian parliament for one year at a time.[2](p85) The Governor of the respective state shall convene the assembly periodically, with no more than six months gap between consecutive sessions.[2](p86) The assembly is presided over by a speaker, who shall be a member of the assembly and elected by the members of that constituent assembly.[2](p86)

The state legislature has the power to enact laws concerning state subjects as defined in the constitution.[2](p95) The union territories which have a legislature have certain restrictions in terms of these powers.[3] In a bicameral legislature, a legislative assembly holds equal legislative power with the upper house of the state legislature, the State Legislative Council, in terms of passing of bills except in case of money bills. A normal bill can originate in any of the house, and is deemed to be passed only if it is cleared by both houses.[2](p95) If a bill is passed by the legislative assembly, it should not be held for more than three months by the council. If the bill is sent back by the council, and is again passed by the assembly, the council is expected to act on it within one month.[2](p95) If the time elapses or if it is sent back, the bill is deemed to have been passed with or without any amendments if any are made by the legislative assembly.[2](p96) In case of money bills, it shall be introduced only in the assembly and the assembly can accept or reject the recommendations if any that are communicated from the council.[2](p96)

A motion of no confidence against the government in the state can only be introduced in the state legislative assembly. If it is passed by a majority vote, then the chief minister and her/his council of ministers must collectively resign.[4]

Members

Main article: Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)

The Constitution of India states that a legislative assembly must have no less than 60 members and a maximum of 500 members.[2](p82) However an exception may be granted via an act of the Indian parliament and is the case in the states of Goa, Sikkim, Mizoram and the union territory of Puducherry which have fewer than 60 members.[5]

A Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) is directly elected from single-member constituencies, which are divided roughly equally based on the population of the region. The number of seats may be revised following a census by an act of the parliament.[2](p82) A few assemblies have nominated members such as the case of Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry. To become a Member of Legislative Assembly, a person must be of minimum 25 years of age and be a citizen of India. He/she might not hold any other government office, and should declare the information required by the election commission including any criminal procedures against him or her.[2](p85)

After the election of a member, he/she is expected to take an oath of affirmation.[2](p91) The members are paid salaries and allowances as fixed by the respective assemblies.[2](p90) A member of the assembly may resign on his/her own accord. A member can also be disqualified if found to hold another office of profit in the government, is of no sound mind, has been declared insolvent, or ineligible by a court of law.[2](p91) Members of the assembly are exempt from any legal cases arising out of what has been said in the assembly.[2](p94)

Legislative assemblies

See also: State governments of India

In 28 states and three union territories, there is a unicameral legislature which is the sole legislative body.[6][3] In six states, the legislative assembly is the lower house of their bicameral legislature with the upper house being the State Legislative Council.[7] Five union territories are governed directly by the union government and have no legislative body.[3]

List of legislative assemblies[6]
Legislative assembly Seat(s) No. of members[8] Ruling party[9] Current term
Andhra Pradesh Amaravati 175 Telugu Desam Party 16th
Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar 60 Bharatiya Janata Party 11th
Assam Dispur 126 Bharatiya Janata Party 15th
Bihar Patna 243 Janata Dal 18th
Chhattisgarh Raipur 90 Bharatiya Janata Party 6th
Delhi New Delhi 70 Bharatiya Janata Party 8th
Goa Panaji 40 Bharatiya Janata Party 8th
Gujarat Gandhinagar 182 Bharatiya Janata Party 15th
Haryana Chandigarh 90 Bharatiya Janata Party 15th
Himachal Pradesh Shimla (summer)
Dharamshala (winter) 		68 Indian National Congress 14th
Jammu and Kashmir Srinagar (summer)
Jammu (winter)		 95[lower-alpha 1] Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 13th
Jharkhand Ranchi 81 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 6th
Karnataka Bangalore (summer)
Belgaum (winter)		 224 Indian National Congress 16th
Kerala Thiruvananthapuram 140 Communist Party of India 15th
Madhya Pradesh Bhopal 230 Bharatiya Janata Party 16th
Maharashtra Mumbai (summer)
Nagpur (winter) 		288 Bharatiya Janata Party 15th
Manipur Imphal 60 Bharatiya Janata Party 12th
Meghalaya Shillong 60 National People's Party 11th
Mizoram Aizawl 40 Zoram People's Movement 9th
Nagaland Kohima 60 Naga People's Front 14th
Odisha Bhubaneshwar 147 Bharatiya Janata Party 17th
Puducherry Puducherry 33[lower-alpha 2] All India N.R. Congress 15th
Punjab Chandigarh 117 Aam Aadmi Party 16th
Rajasthan Jaipur 200 Bharatiya Janata Party 16th
Sikkim Gangtok 32 Sikkim Krantikari Morcha 11th
Tamil Nadu Chennai 234 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 16th
Telangana Hyderabad 119 Indian National Congress 3rd
Tripura Agartala 60 Bharatiya Janata Party 13th
Uttar Pradesh Lucknow 403 Bharatiya Janata Party 18th
Uttarakhand Bhararisain (summer)
Dehradun (winter)		 70 Bharatiya Janata Party 5th
West Bengal Kolkata 294 All India Trinamool Congress 17th
Total — 4,131 —
  1. ↑ Five nominated members
  2. ↑ Three nominated members

By ruling party

The Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance is in power in 21 legislative assemblies; the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance is in power in eight legislative assemblies while two legislative assemblies are ruled by two other parties [9]

Error creating thumbnail: File with dimensions greater than 12.5 MP
Colour-coded map of India showing the ruling alliances in various states and union territories:
  National Democratic Alliance (21)
  Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (8)
  Others (2)
  No legislature (5)
List by ruling party[9]
Ruling party States/UTs
National Democratic Alliance (21)[10]
Bharatiya Janata Party 15
All India N.R. Congress 1
Janata Dal 1
Naga People's Front 1
National People's Party 1
Sikkim Krantikari Morcha 1
Telugu Desam Party 1
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (8)[11]
Indian National Congress 3
Communist Party of India 1
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 1
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 1
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 1
Trinamool Congress 1
Others (2)
Aam Aadmi Party 1
Zoram People's Movement 1

Defunct assemblies

Assembly Seat Period active Abolished by
Ajmer Ajmer 1950–1956 States Reorganisation Act, 1956
Bhopal Bhopal 1949–1956
Bombay Bombay 1950–1960 Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960
Coorg Mercara 1950–1956 States Reorganisation Act, 1956
Hyderabad Hyderabad 1948–1956
Madhya Bharat Gwalior 1948–1956
Madras Madras 1947–1969 Madras State (Alteration of Name) Act, 1968
Mysore Mysore 1947–1973 Mysore State (Alteration of Name) Act of 1973
PEPSU Patiala 1948–1956 States Reorganisation Act, 1956
Saurashtra Rajkot 1948–1956
Travancore-Cochin Trivandrum 1949–1956
Vindhya Pradesh Rewa 1948–1956

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Vidhan Sabha". Collins English Dictionary. Harper Collins. 2014. Archived from the original on 2 March 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 "Constitution of India" (PDF). Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2018.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Union territories". Government of India. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  4. ↑ "Motions of confidene" (PDF). Parliament of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  5. ↑ "State legislative assembly". Unacademy. Archived from the original on 3 May 2025. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "List of state assemblies". Government of India. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  7. ↑ "Legislative Council of India". Jagran Prakashan. Archived from the original on 24 November 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  8. ↑ "Terms of the Houses". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 7 August 2025. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Full List Of Chief Ministers In India 2025: BJP Rules 14 States And Union Territories". NDTV. Archived from the original on 20 February 2025. Retrieved 1 April 2025.
  10. ↑ "The 38 parties in the NDA fold". The Indian Express. 19 July 2023. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  11. ↑ "Opposition's push for a new name explained". Live Mint. 19 July 2023. Archived from the original on 25 July 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.

External links

Template:Elections in India

Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=State_legislative_assemblies_of_India&oldid=447170"
Discover more