1998 Indian general election: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|General election in India}}
{{short description|none}}<!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Infobox election
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1998 Indian general election
| country = India
| country = India
| type = parliamentary
| type = parliamentary
Line 11: Line 10:
| next_year = 1999
| next_year = 1999
| election_date = 16, 22 and 28 February 1998
| election_date = 16, 22 and 28 February 1998
| turnout = 61.97% ({{increase}} 4.03%)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.eci.nic.in/archive/ge98/index_ge.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727214722/http://eci.nic.in/archive/ge98/index_ge.htm |archive-date=27 July 2018 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| registered = 605,880,192
| seats_for_election = 543 of the 545 seats in the [[Lok Sabha]]
| turnout = 61.97% ({{increase}} 4.03[[Percentage point|pp]])
| seats_for_election = 543 of the 545 seats in the [[Lok Sabha]]{{efn|name=seats|Two seats were reserved for [[Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Lok Sabha|Anglo-Indians]] and filled by presidential nomination}}
| majority_seats = 272
| majority_seats = 272
| image_size = 150x150px
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Atal Bihari Vajpayee (12 June 2002).jpg|bSize=120|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=10|oTop=0}}
 
| image1 = Atal Bihari Vajpayee 2002-06-12.jpg
| leader1 = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| leader1 = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| leaders_seat1 = [[Lucknow (Lok Sabha constituency)|Lucknow]]
| party1 = Bharatiya Janata Party
| party1 = Bharatiya Janata Party
| seats1 = 182
| last_election1 = 20.29%, 161 seats
| seats1 = '''182'''
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 21
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 21
| percentage1 = 25.59%
| percentage1 = 25.59%
| popular_vote1 = 94,266,188
| popular_vote1 = 94,266,188
| swing1 = {{increase}} 5.30pp
| swing1 = {{increase}} 5.30[[Percentage point|pp]]
 
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Sonia Gandhi and Vladimir Putin in March 2010 04.jpg|bSize=120|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=10|oTop=0}}
| image2 = File:Sita Ram Kesari(cropped).jpg
| leader2 = [[Sonia Gandhi]]
| leader2 = [[Sitaram Kesri]]
| leaders_seat2 = ''[[Members of Rajya Sabha#Bihar - 16|Bihar]]'' <small>(Rajya Sabha)</small>
| party2 = Indian National Congress
| party2 = Indian National Congress
| last_election2 = 28.80%, 140 seats
| seats2 = 141
| seats2 = 141
| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 1
| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 1
| percentage2 = '''25.82%'''
| percentage2 = '''25.82%'''
| popular_vote2 = '''95,111,131'''
| popular_vote2 = '''95,111,131'''
| swing2 = {{decrease}} 2.98pp
| swing2 = {{decrease}} 2.98[[Percentage point|pp]]
 
| image3 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Surjith-6.JPG|bSize=250|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=60|oTop=60}}
| map_image = [[File:Wahlergebnisse Indien 1998.svg|300px|lang=en]]
| leader3 = [[Harkishan Singh Surjeet]]
 
| party3 = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
| last_election3 = 6.12%, 32 seats
| seats3 = 32
| seat_change3 = {{steady}}
| popular_vote3 = 18,991,867
| percentage3 = 5.16%
| swing3 = {{decrease}} 0.96[[Percentage point|pp]]
| map_image = Wahlergebnisse Indien 1998.svg
| map_caption = Results by constituency
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
| before_election = [[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
| before_party = [[Janata Dal]]
| before_party = [[Janata Dal|JD]]
| after_election = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| after_election = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| after_party = Bharatiya Janata Party
| after_party = Bharatiya Janata Party
| outgoing_members = List of members of the 11th Lok Sabha
| elected_members = List of members of the 12th Lok Sabha
| alliance1 = National Democratic Alliance
| alliance2 = [[Indian National Congress|INC+]]
| alliance3 = Left Front (West Bengal)| 1blank = Alliance&nbsp;seats | 1data1 = '''252''' | 1data2 = 166 | 1data3 = 96
}}{{Politics of India}}
}}{{Politics of India}}


'''General elections''' were held in [[India]] on 16, 22 and 28 February 1998 to elect the members of the [[12th Lok Sabha]]. The elections were held three years ahead of schedule after the government led by [[Inder Kumar Gujral]] collapsed when the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) withdrew its support in November 1997.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-757497.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103054302/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-757497.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 November 2012|title=Government Falls, Indian Premier Quits; Coalition Splits Amid Gandhi Assassination Debate - The Washington Post - HighBeam Research|date=3 November 2012|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
General elections were held in [[India]] on 16, 22 and 28 February 1998 to elect the members of the [[12th Lok Sabha|twelfth]] [[Lok Sabha]]. The elections were held three years ahead of schedule after the government led by [[Inder Kumar Gujral]] collapsed when the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) withdrew its support in November 1997.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-757497.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103054302/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-757497.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 November 2012|title=Government Falls, Indian Premier Quits; Coalition Splits Amid Gandhi Assassination Debate|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=29 November 1997|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
 
The result was another hung parliament, with no party or alliance able to muster a majority. However, [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] was able to form a coalition government led by the [[National Democratic Alliance]] with the outside support of the [[Telugu Desam Party]]. He was sworn in as [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] with support from 272 of 543 MPs. However, his government collapsed on 17 April 1999 when the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] withdrew its support, after Vajpayee refused to meet the demands of its leader [[J. Jayalalithaa]], namely halting the [[J. Jayalalithaa#Corruption cases|corruption cases]] against her and the sacking of the [[Government of Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu government]] led by her bete-noire [[M. Karunanidhi]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/BJPs-one-vote-defeat-in-1999-was-narrowest-in-history/articleshow/3261721.cms|title=BJP's one-vote defeat in 1999 was narrowest in history|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=22 March 2019|archive-date=25 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225090822/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/BJPs-one-vote-defeat-in-1999-was-narrowest-in-history/articleshow/3261721.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> This led to [[1999 Indian general election|fresh elections]] in 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/no-confidence-motion-atal-bihari-vajpayee|title=The 1999 No-Trust Motion That Former PM Vajpayee Lost by One Vote|website=The Quint|access-date=22 March 2019|date=20 July 2018|archive-date=6 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044456/https://www.thequint.com/news/india/no-confidence-motion-atal-bihari-vajpayee|url-status=live}}</ref>


The result was another hung parliament, with no party or alliance able to muster a majority. However, [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] was able to form a coalition government led by the [[National Democratic Alliance]] with the support of the [[Telugu Desam Party]]. He was sworn in as [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] with support from 272 of 543 MPs. However, his government collapsed on 17 April 1999 when the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] withdrew their support.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/BJPs-one-vote-defeat-in-1999-was-narrowest-in-history/articleshow/3261721.cms|title=BJP's one-vote defeat in 1999 was narrowest in history |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref> This led to [[1999 Indian general election|fresh elections]] in 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/no-confidence-motion-atal-bihari-vajpayee|title=The 1999 No-Trust Motion That Former PM Vajpayee Lost by One Vote|website=The Quint|access-date=22 March 2019|date=20 July 2018}}</ref>
The elections were the second consecutive general elections in which the party that received the most votes did not win the most seats.


==Results==
==Results==
Line 63: Line 75:
|party9=[[All India Trinamool Congress|West Bengal Trinamool Congress]]|votes9=8920583|seats9=7|sc9=
|party9=[[All India Trinamool Congress|West Bengal Trinamool Congress]]|votes9=8920583|seats9=7|sc9=
|party10=[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]|votes10=6731550|seats10=18|sc10=
|party10=[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]|votes10=6731550|seats10=18|sc10=
|party11=[[Shiv Sena]]|votes11=6528566|seats11=6|sc11=
|party11=[[Shiv Sena (1966–2022)|Shiv Sena]]|votes11=6528566|seats11=6|sc11=
|party12=[[Samata Party]]|votes12=6491639|seats12=12|sc12=
|party12=[[Samata Party]]|votes12=6491639|seats12=12|sc12=
|party13=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes13=6429569|seats13=9|sc13=
|party13=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes13=6429569|seats13=9|sc13=
Line 86: Line 98:
|party32=[[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]]|votes32=784669|seats32=3|sc32=
|party32=[[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]]|votes32=784669|seats32=3|sc32=
|party33=Bharatiya Kisan Kamgar Party|votes33=711080|seats33=0|sc33=
|party33=Bharatiya Kisan Kamgar Party|votes33=711080|seats33=0|sc33=
|party34=[[Apna Dal]]|votes34=562946|seats34=0|sc34=
|party34=[[Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|Apna Dal]]|votes34=562946|seats34=0|sc34=
|party35=[[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]]|votes35=485785|seats35=1|sc35=
|party35=[[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]]|votes35=485785|seats35=1|sc35=
|party36=[[All India Indira Congress (Secular)]]|votes36=457510|seats36=1|sc36=
|party36=[[All India Indira Congress (Secular)]]|votes36=457510|seats36=1|sc36=
Line 156: Line 168:
|party103=Bharatiya Rajiv Congress|votes103=6122|seats103=0|sc103=
|party103=Bharatiya Rajiv Congress|votes103=6122|seats103=0|sc103=
|party104=[[Kisan Vikas Party]]|votes104=5905|seats104=0|sc104=
|party104=[[Kisan Vikas Party]]|votes104=5905|seats104=0|sc104=
|party105=Jai Telengana Party|votes105=5847|seats105=0|sc105=
|party105=Jai Telangana Party|votes105=5847|seats105=0|sc105=
|party106=Akhil Bharatiya Bhrastachar Normoolan Sena|votes106=5718|seats106=0|sc106=
|party106=Akhil Bharatiya Bhrastachar Normoolan Sena|votes106=5718|seats106=0|sc106=
|party107=All India Rajiv Krantikari Congress|votes107=5588|seats107=0|sc107=
|party107=All India Rajiv Krantikari Congress|votes107=5588|seats107=0|sc107=
Line 237: Line 249:
}}
}}


===By state===
===By state and alliance===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!State
! style="text-align:left; background:#ccf; vertical-align:middle;"|State <br /> (# of seats)
!Party
! colspan="4" rowspan="2"  style=" text-align:center; background:#ccf; vertical-align:middle;"|Alliance/party
!Acronym
! style="background:#ccf; text-align:center;"|Seats contested
!Alliance
! style="background:#ccf; text-align:right;"|Seats won
!Seats
! style="background:#ccf; text-align:right;"|Vote %
|-
|-
| rowspan="5" |Andhra Pradesh
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=8 valign=top|[[1998 Indian general election in Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]] '''(42)'''
|Indian National Congress
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|INC
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
|INC+
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|22
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|'''42'''
|'''22'''
|'''42.79'''
|-
|-
|Telugu Desam Party
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="{{Party color|Third Front}}" |
|TDP
! rowspan="4" style="background:#ffe8e8" |[[Third Front (India)|Third Front]]
|NDA
| {{party color cell|Telugu Desam Party}}
|[[Telugu Desam Party]]
|35
|12
|12
|32
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|[[Communist Party Of India]] (CPI)
|3
|2
|2.6
|-
| {{party color cell|Janata Dal}}
|[[Janata Dal]]
|1
|1
|0.9
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPM)
|3
|0
|2.9
|-
|-
|Bhartiya Janata Party
|rowspan="2" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|BJP
! rowspan="2" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|NDA
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|38
|4
|4
|18.3
|-
| {{party color cell|NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi)}}
|[[NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi)]]
|3
|0
|1.2
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen}}
| [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]]
|1
|1
|1.5
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=3 valign=top|[[Elections in Arunachal Pradesh#Lok Sabha elections|Arunachal Pradesh]] '''(2)'''
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Arunachal Congress}}
| [[Arunachal Congress]]
|'''2'''
|'''2'''
|'''52.5'''
|-
|rowspan="1"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! rowspan="1" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|2
|0
|23.9
|-
| {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|2
|0
|21.7
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=6 valign=top|[[Elections in Assam#Lok Sabha Elections|Assam]] '''(14)'''
|4
|rowspan="1"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! rowspan="1" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|'''13'''
|'''10'''
|'''39.0'''
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
|rowspan="1" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|42
! rowspan="1" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|14
|1
|24.5
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Assam
| -
|Indian National Congress
| -
|INC
| {{party color cell|Asom Gana Parishad}}
|INC+
|[[Asom Gana Parishad]]
|10
|10
|0
|12.7
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Autonomous State Demand Committee}}
| [[Autonomous State Demand Committee]]
|1
|1
|2.2
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
| -
| -
| {{party color cell| United Minorities Front, Assam}}
|[[United Minorities Front, Assam]]
|3
|3
|1
|10.46
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
| -
|13
| -
| {{party color cell|Independent (politician)|Independent}}
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|45
|1
|9.5
|-
|-
| rowspan="6" |Bihar
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=9 valign=top|[[Elections in Bihar#Lok Sabha Elections|Bihar]] '''(54)'''
|Bhartiya Janata Party
|rowspan="2" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|BJP
! rowspan="2" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|NDA
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|19
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|'''32'''
|'''20'''
|'''24'''
|-
|-
|Samata Party
| {{party color cell|Samata Party}}
|
|[[Samata Party]]
|NDA
|21
|10
|10
|15.77
|-
|-
|Rashtriya Janata Dal
|rowspan="2"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|
! rowspan="2" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
|
| {{party color cell|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
|38
|17
|17
|26.6
|-
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|11
|5
|6.3
|-
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="{{Party color|Third Front}}" |
! rowspan="4" style="background:#ffe8e8" |[[Third Front (India)|Third Front]]
| {{party color cell|Janata Dal}}
| [[Janata Dal]]
|28
|1
|7.3
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
| [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)
|15
|0
|3.4
|-
|-
|Indian National Congress
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|INC
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPM)
|INC+
|4
|4
|0
|0.4
|-
| {{party color cell|All India Forward Bloc}}
|[[All India Forward Bloc]] (AIFB)
|1
|0
|0
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
| -
|4
| -
| {{party color cell|All India Rashtriya Janata Party}}
|[[All India Rashtriya Janata Party]]
|3
|1
|0.9
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=2 valign=top|[[Elections in Goa#Lok Sabha Elections|Goa]] '''(2)'''
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
!style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|'''2'''
|'''2'''
|'''31.6'''
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
| {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|54
!style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|2
|0
|30
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Gujarat
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=2 valign=top|[[1998 Indian general election in Gujarat|Gujarat]] '''(26)'''
|Bhartiya Janata Party
|{{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|BJP
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|NDA
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|19
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|'''26'''
|'''19'''
|'''48.3'''
|-
|-
|Indian National Congress
|  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|INC
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
|INC+
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|26
|7
|7
|38
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=5 valign=top|[[1998 Indian general election in Haryana|Haryana]] '''(10)'''
|26
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Haryana Lok Dal (Rastriya)}}
|[[Haryana Lok Dal (Rashtriya)]]
|'''7'''
|'''4'''
|'''25.9'''
|-
|rowspan="1"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! rowspan="1" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|10
|3
|26.0
|-
|rowspan="2" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
! rowspan="2" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Haryana Vikas Party}}
|[[Haryana Vikas Party]]
|4
|1
|11.6
|-
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|6
|1
|18.9
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[1998 Indian general election in Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| -
|Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
| -
|JKNC
| {{party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
|3
|3
|1
|7.7
|-
|-
|Bhartiya Janata Party
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=3 valign=top|[[Elections in Himachal Pradesh#Lok Sabha elections|Himachal Pradesh]] '''(4)'''
|BJP
|{{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|
!  style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|2
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|'''4'''
|'''3'''
|'''51.4'''
|-
|-
|Indian National Congress
|rowspan="1"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|INC
! rowspan="1" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
|
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|4
|1
|1
|41.9
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Himachal Vikas Congress}}
|[[Himachal Vikas Congress]]
|4
|0
|3.6
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=3 valign=top|[[1998 Indian general election in Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu & Kashmir]] '''(6)'''
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Jammu & Kashmir National Conference}}
|[[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]]
|'''6'''
|'''3'''
|'''36.4'''
|-
| {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
!  style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|6
|2
|28.6
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|6
|6
|1
|19.2
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |Karnataka
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=4 valign=top|[[Elections in Karnataka#Lok Sabha elections|Karnataka]] '''(28)'''
|Bhartiya Janata Party
|rowspan="2" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|BJP
! rowspan="2" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|NDA
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|13
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|'''18'''
|'''13'''
|'''26.9'''
|-
|-
|Indian National Congress
| {{party color cell| Lok Shakti}}
|INC
|[[Lok Shakti]]
|INC+
|10
|3
|11.5
|-
|  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
!  style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|28
|9
|9
|36.2
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell| Janata Dal }}
|[[Janata Dal]]
|28
|3
|21.7
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=9 valign=top|[[1999 Indian general election in Kerala|Kerala]] '''(20)'''
|rowspan="3"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! rowspan="3" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|'''17'''
|'''8'''
|'''38.7'''
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
| {{party color cell|Kerala Congress}}
|[[Kerala Congress]]
|1
|1
|2.4
|-
| {{party color cell|Muslim League Kerala State Committee}}
|[[Muslim League Kerala State Committee]]
|2
|2
|5
|-
| rowspan="5" bgcolor="{{Party color|Third Front}}" |
! rowspan="5" style="background:#ffe8e8" |[[Third Front (India)|Third Front]]
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPM)
|9
|6
|6
|21
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
| [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)
|4
|2
|8.3
|-
| {{party color cell|Revolutionary Socialist Party}}
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
|1
|1
|2.7
|-
| {{party color cell|Kerala Congress}}
|[[Kerala Congress]]
|1
|1
|2.2
|-
| {{party color cell| Janata Dal}}
|[[Janata Dal]]
|2
|0
|3.9
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
|{{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|28
!style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|20
|0
|8
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Madhya Pradesh
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=3 valign=top|[[Elections in Madhya Pradesh#Lok Sabha Elections|Madhya Pradesh]] '''(40)'''
|Bhartiya Janata Party
| {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|BJP
!style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|NDA
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|30
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|'''40'''
|'''30'''
|'''45.7'''
|-
|-
|Indian National Congress
|  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|INC
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
|INC+
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|40
|10
|10
|39.4
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
| -
|40
| -
| {{party color cell| Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
|35
|0
|8.7
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=7 valign=top|[[Elections in Maharashtra#As Maharashtra|Maharashtra]] '''(48)'''
|rowspan="3" {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! rowspan="3" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|'''41'''
|'''33'''
|'''43.6'''
|-
|-
| rowspan="5" |Maharashtra
| {{party color cell|Republican Party of India}}
|Indian National Congress
|[[Republican Party of India]]
|INC
|4
|INC+
|4
|31
|4.1
|-
|-
|Republican Party of India
| {{party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|RPI
|[[Samajwadi Party]]
|INC+
|2
|6
|0
|1.5
|-
|-
|Shiv Sena
|rowspan="3" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|SS
! rowspan="3" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|NDA
| {{party color cell| Shiv Sena}}
|[[Shiv Sena (1966–2022)|Shiv Sena]]
|22
|6
|6
|19.7
|-
|-
|Bhartiya Janata Party
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|BJP
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|NDA
|25
|4
|4
|22.5
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
| {{party color cell|Independent (politician)|Independent}}
|48
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|1
|0
|1.1
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Peasants And Workers Party of India}}
|[[Peasants And Workers Party of India]]
|2
|1
|0.9
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=4 valign=top|[[Elections in Manipur#Lok Sabha elections|Manipur]] '''(2)'''
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|[[Communist Party Of India]] (CPI)
|'''2'''
|'''1'''
|'''20.5'''
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Manipur State Congress Party}}
|[[Manipur State Congress Party]]
|'''2'''
|'''1'''
|'''25.4'''
|-
|rowspan="2" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
! rowspan="2" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|1
|0
|12.6
|-
|-
| rowspan="5" |Orissa
| {{party color cell| Lok Shakti}}
|Indian National Congress
|[[Lok Shakti]]
|INC
|1
|INC+
|0
|4
|0.2
|-
|-
|Bhartiya Janata Party
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"rowspan=3 valign=top|[[Elections in Odisha#Lok Sabha elections|Orissa]] '''(21)'''
|BJP
|rowspan="2" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|NDA
! rowspan="2" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|7
| {{party color cell|Biju Janata Dal}}
|[[Biju Janata Dal]]
|'''12'''
|'''9'''
|'''27.5'''
|-
|-
|Biju Janata Dal
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|BJD
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|NDA
|9
|9
|7
|21.2
|-
|rowspan="1"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! rowspan="1" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|21
|5
|41
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=8 valign=top|[[Elections in Punjab, India|Punjab]] '''(13)'''
|-
|rowspan="4" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
! rowspan="4" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
|'''8'''
|'''8'''
|'''32.9'''
|-
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|3
|3
|11.7
|-
| {{party color cell| Janata Dal}}
|[[Janata Dal]]
|1
|1
|4.2
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent (politician)|Independent}}
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|1
|1
|3.8
|-
|rowspan="3"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! rowspan="3" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|8
|0
|25.8
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| [[Communist Party of India ]] (CPI)
|1
|1
|0
|3.4
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
| {{party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|21
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
|4
|0
|12.6
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |Rajasthan
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=4 valign=top|[[Elections in Rajasthan#Lok Sabha elections|Rajasthan]] '''(25)'''
|Indian National Congress
|  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|INC
!style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
|INC+
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|19
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|'''25'''
|'''18'''
|'''44.5'''
|-
|-
|Bhartiya Janata Party
|{{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|BJP
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|NDA
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|25
|5
|5
|41.7
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell| All India Indira Congress (Secular)}}
|[[All India Indira Congress (Secular)]]
|9
|1
|1.9
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Independent (politician)|Independent}}
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|50
|1
|1
|3.8
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=14 valign=top|[[1999 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]] '''(39)'''
|25
|-
|-
| rowspan="6" |Tamil Nadu
|rowspan="6" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
! rowspan="6" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|AIADMK
| {{party color cell|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|NDA
|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|18
|'''22'''
|'''18'''
|'''25.9'''
|-
|-
|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
| {{party color cell|Pattali Makkal Katchi}}
|DMK
|[[Pattali Makkal Katchi]]
|
|5
|5
|4
|6
|-
|-
|Bhartiya Janata Party
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|BJP
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|NDA
|5
|3
|3
|6.9
|-
|-
|Tamil Manila Congress
| {{party color cell|[[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]}}
|
|[[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|
|5
|3
|3
|6.3
|-
| {{party color cell|Janata Party}}
| [[Janata Party]]
|1
|1
|1.5
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent (politician)|Independent}}
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|1
|1
|3.62
|-
|rowspan="3"  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! rowspan="3" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|35
|0
|4.8
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
| {{party color cell|MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|10
| [[MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|3
|0
|1.1
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
| {{party color cell|United Communist Party of India}}
|39
|[[United Communist Party Of India]]
|1
|0
|0
|-
|-
| rowspan="5" |Uttar Pradesh
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="{{Party color|Third Front}}" |
|Bhartiya Janata Party
! rowspan="4" style="background:#ffe8e8" |[[Third Front (India)|Third Front]]
|BJP
| {{party color cell| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|NDA
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|58
|16
|4
|18.5
|-
|-
|Samajwadi Party
| {{party color cell|Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)}}
|SP
|[[Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)]]
|
|19
|19
|3
|19.2
|-
|-
|Bahujan Samaj Party
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|BSP
|[[Communist Party Of India]] (CPI)
|
|2
|1
|2.5
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPM)
|2
|0
|0.6
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=9 valign=top|[[Elections in Uttar Pradesh#Table of Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha results|Uttar Pradesh]] '''(85)'''
|-
|rowspan="3" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
! rowspan="3" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|'''82'''
|'''57'''
|'''36.5'''
|-
| {{party color cell|Samata Party}}
|[[Samata Party]]
|2
|2
|0.8
|-
| {{party color cell|Shiv Sena}}
|[[Shiv Sena (1966–2022)|Shiv Sena]]
|1
|0
|0.1
|-
|  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[Indian National Congress|Congress+]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|76
|0
|6
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
|85
|4
|20.9
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party]]
|81
|20
|28.7
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)}}
|[[Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)]]
|1
|1
|0.5
|-
| -
| -
| {{party color cell|Independent (politician)|Independent}}
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|491
|1
|2.8
|-
|style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;" rowspan=9 valign=top|[[Elections in West Bengal#Lok Sabha elections|West Bengal]] '''(42)'''
|-
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="{{Party color|Third Front}}" |
! rowspan="4" style="background:#ffe8e8" |[[Third Front (India)|Third Front]]
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPM)
|'''32'''
|'''24'''
|'''35.4'''
|-
| {{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|[[Communist Party Of India]] (CPI)
|3
|3
|3.6
|-
| {{party color cell|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]] (RSP)
|4
|4
|4
|4.5
|-
| {{party color cell|All India Forward Bloc}}
|[[All India Forward Bloc]] (AIFB)
|3
|2
|3.3
|-
|rowspan="2" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance}}
! rowspan="2" style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
| {{party color cell|Nationalist Trinamool Congress}}
|[[All India Trinamool Congress]] (AITC)
|28
|7
|24.1
|-
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)
|14
|2
|10.2
|-
|  {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
! style="background:#FEF3E8" |[[United Progressive Alliance (India)|UPA]]
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Indian National Congress]] (INC)
|39
|1
|15.2
|-
|}
== Support for the New Government ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! colspan="2" |Political Party
!Seats
!Alliance
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|182
| rowspan="19" |'''[[National Democratic Alliance]]'''
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|AIADMK}}" |
|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|18
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
|style="background-color:{{party color|Samata Party}}" |
|
|[[Samata Party]]
|12
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
|style="background-color:{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}" |
|85
|[[Biju Janata Dal]]
|9
|-
|-
| rowspan="8" |West Bengal
|style="background-color:{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
|CPM
|8
|LF
|24
|-
|-
|Trinamool Congress
|style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}" |
|TMC
|[[All India Trinamool Congress]]
|
|7
|7
|-
|-
|Revolutionary Socialist Party
|style="background-color:{{party color|Shiv Sena}}" |
|RSP
|[[Shiv Sena (1966–2022)|Shiv Sena]]
|LF
|6
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Pattali Makkal Katchi}}" |
|[[Pattali Makkal Katchi]]
|4
|4
|-
|-
|Communist party of India
|style="background-color:{{party color|Lok Shakti}}" |
|CPI
|[[Lok Shakti]]
|LF
|3
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}" |
|[[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|3
|3
|-
|-
|All India Forward Block
|style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal}}" |
|AIFB
|[[Janata Dal]] <br/> (out of 6 M.Ps)
|
|2
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Arunachal Congress}}" |
|[[Arunachal Congress]]
|2
|2
|-
|-
|Bhartiya Janata Party
|style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Party}}" |
|BJP
|[[Janata Party]]
|NDA
|1
|1
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |Others
|style="background-color:{{party color|Haryana Vikas Party}}" |
|[[Haryana Vikas Party]]
|1
|1
|-
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total'''
|style="background-color:{{party color|Sikkim Democratic Front}}" |
|42
|[[Sikkim Democratic Front]]
|1
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress}}" |
|[[Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress]] <br/> ''(As Independent)''
|1
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Manipur State Congress Party}}" |
|[[Manipur State Congress Party]]
|1
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Bahujan Samaj Morcha}}" |
|[[Satnam Singh Kainth|Bahujan Samaj Morcha]] <br/> ''(As Independent)''
|1
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Independent}}" |
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|2
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}" |
|[[Telugu Desam Party]]
|12
| rowspan="1" |'''outside support'''
|-
|colspan=2|Total
|'''276'''
|
|}
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Election Commission of India]]
*[[List of members of the 12th Lok Sabha]]
*[[:Category:1998 Indian general election by state or union territory]]
 
==Notes==
{{notelist}}


==References==
==References==
Line 527: Line 1,179:


{{Indian elections}}
{{Indian elections}}
{{#seo:
|keywords=1998 elections in India, February 1998 events in Asia
|description=
}}


[[Category:1998 Indian general election| ]]
[[Category:1998 Indian general election| ]]
[[Category:1998 elections in India]]
[[Category:1998 elections in India|General]]
[[Category:February 1998 events in Asia]]
[[Category:February 1998 in India|India]]
[[Category:1998 elections in Asia|India]]
[[Category:1998 elections in Asia|India]]
[[Category:General elections in India]]

Latest revision as of 03:48, 22 April 2026


1998 Indian general election
← 1996 16, 22 and 28 February 1998 1999 →
543 of the 545 seats in the Lok Sabha[lower-alpha 1]
272 seats needed for a majority
Registered605,880,192
Turnout61.97% (Increase 4.03pp)
  First party Second party Third party
 
Atal Bihari Vajpayee (12 June 2002).jpg
Sonia Gandhi and Vladimir Putin in March 2010 04.jpg
Surjith-6.JPG
Leader Atal Bihari Vajpayee Sonia Gandhi Harkishan Singh Surjeet
Party BJP INC CPI (M)
Alliance NDA INC+ Left Front (West Bengal)
Last election 20.29%, 161 seats 28.80%, 140 seats 6.12%, 32 seats
Seats won 182 141 32
Seat change Increase 21 Increase 1 Steady
Popular vote 94,266,188 95,111,131 18,991,867
Percentage 25.59% 25.82% 5.16%
Swing Increase 5.30pp Decrease 2.98pp Decrease 0.96pp
Alliance seats 252 166 96
Results by constituency
Prime Minister before election

Inder Kumar Gujral
JD

Prime Minister after election

Atal Bihari Vajpayee
BJP

India
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
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General elections were held in India on 16, 22 and 28 February 1998 to elect the members of the twelfth Lok Sabha. The elections were held three years ahead of schedule after the government led by Inder Kumar Gujral collapsed when the Indian National Congress (INC) withdrew its support in November 1997.[1]

The result was another hung parliament, with no party or alliance able to muster a majority. However, Atal Bihari Vajpayee of the Bharatiya Janata Party was able to form a coalition government led by the National Democratic Alliance with the outside support of the Telugu Desam Party. He was sworn in as Prime Minister with support from 272 of 543 MPs. However, his government collapsed on 17 April 1999 when the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam withdrew its support, after Vajpayee refused to meet the demands of its leader J. Jayalalithaa, namely halting the corruption cases against her and the sacking of the Tamil Nadu government led by her bete-noire M. Karunanidhi.[2] This led to fresh elections in 1999.[3]

The elections were the second consecutive general elections in which the party that received the most votes did not win the most seats.

Results[edit | edit source]

PartyVotes%Seats
Indian National Congress95,111,13125.82141
Bharatiya Janata Party94,266,18825.59182
Communist Party of India (Marxist)18,991,8675.1632
Samajwadi Party18,167,6404.9320
Bahujan Samaj Party17,186,7794.675
Janata Dal11,930,2093.246
Rashtriya Janata Dal10,229,9712.7817
Telugu Desam Party10,199,4632.7712
West Bengal Trinamool Congress8,920,5832.427
All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam6,731,5501.8318
Shiv Sena6,528,5661.776
Samata Party6,491,6391.7612
Communist Party of India6,429,5691.759
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam5,308,3881.446
Tamil Maanila Congress5,169,1831.403
Biju Janata Dal3,669,8251.009
Shiromani Akali Dal3,001,7690.818
Lok Shakti2,548,7250.693
All India Rashtriya Janata Party2,071,6430.561
Revolutionary Socialist Party2,032,5850.555
Haryana Lok Dal (Rashtriya)1,956,0870.534
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam1,602,5040.443
Pattali Makkal Katchi1,548,9760.424
Republican Party of India1,351,0190.374
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha1,324,5480.360
All India Forward Bloc1,213,9650.332
Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)1,181,0830.321
Asom Gana Parishad1,064,9770.290
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation912,6980.250
Haryana Vikas Party875,8030.241
Muslim League Kerala State Committee800,7650.222
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference784,6690.213
Bharatiya Kisan Kamgar Party711,0800.190
Apna Dal562,9460.150
All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen485,7850.131
All India Indira Congress (Secular)457,5100.121
Puthiya Tamilagam446,5830.120
Janata Party444,3050.121
NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi)384,2110.100
Karnataka Vikas Party371,3460.100
United Minorities Front, Assam357,7590.101
Kerala Congress (M)356,1680.101
Kerala Congress327,6490.090
MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam278,3240.080
Forward Bloc (Socialist)272,9740.070
Peasants and Workers Party of India269,6090.071
Marxist Co-ordination Committee263,9010.070
Shiromani Akali Dal (Simranjit Singh Mann)248,5290.070
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (Mardi)240,8970.070
Bihar Jana Congress222,3710.060
United Democratic Party213,9240.060
Gondwana Ganatantra Party196,6620.050
Manipur State Congress Party190,3580.051
Autonomous State Demand Committee184,2410.051
Jharkhand Party (Naren)181,0180.050
Arunachal Congress172,4960.052
Ajeya Bharat Party157,8540.040
United Reservation Movement Council of Assam151,5430.040
National Loktantrik Party147,7060.040
United Goans Democratic Party132,5580.040
Mahabharat People's Party115,7850.030
Sikkim Democratic Front102,4400.031
Peoples Democratic Party92,0830.020
Akhil Bharatiya Sena90,0350.020
Indian National League86,6970.020
Himachal Vikas Congress85,0460.020
Mizo National Front82,0470.020
Savarn Samaj Party76,9800.020
Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party70,1910.020
Jharkhand Party63,8360.020
Hill State People's Democratic Party62,1440.020
Loktantrik Samajwadi Party43,7700.010
Bahujan Samaj Party (Ambedkar)43,4020.010
Indian Congress (Socialist)36,6770.010
Uttarakhand Kranti Dal30,6540.010
Akhil Bartiya Manav Seva Dal26,0270.010
National Panthers Party24,6380.010
Marxist Communist Party of India (S.S. Srivastava)24,4170.010
Shoshit Samaj Dal24,3030.010
Proutist Sarva Samaj Samiti23,0290.010
Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha20,9280.010
Jammu and Kashmir Awami League20,8430.010
Amra Bangali20,3720.010
Kannada Chalavali Vatal Paksha19,2020.010
Garo National Council16,2800.000
Akhil Bharatiya Jan Sangh14,2840.000
Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha14,1600.000
Plain Tribals Council of Assam12,9520.000
Bharatiya Vikash Party11,8810.000
United Tribal Nationalist Liberation Front11,2870.000
Rajasthan Vikas Party11,2670.000
Karnataka Rajya Ryota Sangha10,0640.000
United Communist Party of India10,0180.000
Bharti Lok Lehar Party9,9590.000
Samajwadi Jan Parishad9,8480.000
Hindustan Janata Party9,4760.000
Bharatiya Jantantrik Parishad9,3670.000
Maharashtra Rashtravadi Congress8,6230.000
Jharkhand People's Party7,1110.000
Sarvadharam Party (Madhya Pradesh)6,6710.000
Akhil Bharatiya Rajivwadi Congress (Dubey)6,4550.000
Bharatiya Rajiv Congress6,1220.000
Kisan Vikas Party5,9050.000
Jai Telangana Party5,8470.000
Akhil Bharatiya Bhrastachar Normoolan Sena5,7180.000
All India Rajiv Krantikari Congress5,5880.000
Pragtisheel Manav Samaj Party5,4950.000
Bharatiya Krantikari Kammand Party4,8520.000
Shoshit Samaj Party4,7220.000
Rashtriya Aikta Manch4,5960.000
Bahujan Kranti Dal (JAI)4,5250.000
The Humanist Party of India4,4390.000
Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Rasik Bhatt)4,4200.000
Rashtriya Ali Sena4,3710.000
Sanatan Samaj Party4,2380.000
Orissa Congress4,0480.000
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML)3,7630.000
Rastreeya Praja Parishat3,6880.000
Bharatiya Minorities Suraksha Mahasangh3,0300.000
Golden India Party3,0020.000
Adarsh Lok Dal2,9090.000
Manava Party2,9030.000
Krantikari Manuwadi Morcha2,7230.000
Religion of Man Revolving Political Party of India2,5030.000
All India Minorities Front2,4800.000
Bahujan Kranti Dal2,4660.000
Akhil Bharatiya Ashok Sena2,3920.000
Republican Party of India (Khobragade)2,1670.000
Gareebjan Samaj Party2,0090.000
Andhra Nadu Party1,9150.000
All India Muslim Forum1,8660.000
Bahujan Vikas Party1,8330.000
Pragati Sheel Party1,8280.000
Rashtriya Janandholan Paksha1,7080.000
Tamilaga Janata1,6970.000
Akhil Bharatiya Berozgaar Party1,6090.000
Prism1,5950.000
United Citizens Party1,5910.000
Bharatiya Jan Sabha1,4250.000
Rashtriya Unnatsheel Das1,3940.000
Socialist Party (Lohia)1,3210.000
Akhil Bharatiya Revolutionary Shoshit Samaj Dal1,2770.000
Agrajan Party1,2690.000
Ekta Krandi Dal U.P.1,2460.000
All India Gareeb Congress1,2220.000
Republican Presidium Party of India1,2150.000
Akhil Bharatiya Garib Mazdoor Kisan Party1,1990.000
Indian Bahujan Samajwadi Party1,1620.000
Bharatiya Parivartan Morcha1,1110.000
Nagaland Peoples Party1,0660.000
Bharatiya Momin Front1,0450.000
Manav Samaj Party1,0360.000
Rashtriya Mazdoor Ekta Party9460.000
Hindustan Inqualab Party8830.000
Jan Samanta Party8280.000
Bhrishtachar Virodhi Dal7540.000
Akhil Bharatiya Janata Congress7510.000
Ambedkarbadi Party7360.000
Rashtriya Muslim Mujhahid Party7100.000
Akhil Bharatiya Shivsena Rashtrawadi7030.000
National Republican Party6940.000
Hind Kisan Mazdoor Party6140.000
Akhil Bhartiya Loktantra Party6090.000
Hind Morcha5900.000
Punjab Pradesh Vikash Party5760.000
Uttar Pradesh Republican Party5520.000
Kranti Dal5010.000
Bharatiya Jan Jagruti Party4940.000
Akhil Bharatiya General Labour Party4120.000
Bharatiya Asht Jan Party3630.000
Telangana Praja Party3440.000
Rashtriya Rajdhani Congress Delhi3430.000
Akhil Bharatiya Rashtriya Azad Hind Party3060.000
Rashtriya Janta Congress2970.000
Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad (Prem Vallabh Vyas)1500.000
Indian Republican Front1180.000
Independents8,719,9522.376
Nominated Anglo-Indians2
Total368,376,700100.00545
Valid votes368,376,70098.12
Invalid/blank votes7,065,0391.88
Total votes375,441,739100.00
Registered voters/turnout605,880,19261.97
Source: ECI

By state and alliance[edit | edit source]

State
(# of seats) 		Alliance/party Seats contested Seats won Vote %
Andhra Pradesh (42) Congress+ Indian National Congress 42 22 42.79
Third Front Telugu Desam Party 35 12 32
Communist Party Of India (CPI) 3 2 2.6
Janata Dal 1 1 0.9
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM) 3 0 2.9
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 38 4 18.3
NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi) 3 0 1.2
- - All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen 1 1 1.5
Arunachal Pradesh (2) - - Arunachal Congress 2 2 52.5
Congress+ Indian National Congress 2 0 23.9
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 2 0 21.7
Assam (14) Congress+ Indian National Congress 13 10 39.0
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 14 1 24.5
- - Asom Gana Parishad 10 0 12.7
- - Autonomous State Demand Committee 1 1 2.2
- - United Minorities Front, Assam 3 1 10.46
- - Independent 45 1 9.5
Bihar (54) NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 32 20 24
Samata Party 21 10 15.77
Congress+ Rashtriya Janata Dal 38 17 26.6
Indian National Congress 11 5 6.3
Third Front Janata Dal 28 1 7.3
Communist Party of India (CPI) 15 0 3.4
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM) 4 0 0.4
All India Forward Bloc (AIFB) 1 0 0
- - All India Rashtriya Janata Party 3 1 0.9
Goa (2) Congress+ Indian National Congress 2 2 31.6
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 2 0 30
Gujarat (26) NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 26 19 48.3
Congress+ Indian National Congress 26 7 38
Haryana (10) - - Haryana Lok Dal (Rashtriya) 7 4 25.9
Congress+ Indian National Congress 10 3 26.0
NDA Haryana Vikas Party 4 1 11.6
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 6 1 18.9
- - Bahujan Samaj Party 3 1 7.7
Himachal Pradesh (4) NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 4 3 51.4
Congress+ Indian National Congress 4 1 41.9
- - Himachal Vikas Congress 4 0 3.6
Jammu & Kashmir (6) - - Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 6 3 36.4
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 6 2 28.6
Congress+ Indian National Congress 6 1 19.2
Karnataka (28) NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 18 13 26.9
Lok Shakti 10 3 11.5
Congress+ Indian National Congress 28 9 36.2
- - Janata Dal 28 3 21.7
Kerala (20) Congress+ Indian National Congress 17 8 38.7
Kerala Congress 1 1 2.4
Muslim League Kerala State Committee 2 2 5
Third Front Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM) 9 6 21
Communist Party of India (CPI) 4 2 8.3
Revolutionary Socialist Party 1 1 2.7
Kerala Congress 1 1 2.2
Janata Dal 2 0 3.9
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 20 0 8
Madhya Pradesh (40) NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 40 30 45.7
Congress+ Indian National Congress 40 10 39.4
- - Bahujan Samaj Party 35 0 8.7
Maharashtra (48) Congress+ Indian National Congress 41 33 43.6
Republican Party of India 4 4 4.1
Samajwadi Party 2 0 1.5
NDA Shiv Sena 22 6 19.7
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 25 4 22.5
Independent 1 0 1.1
- - Peasants And Workers Party of India 2 1 0.9
Manipur (2) - - Communist Party Of India (CPI) 2 1 20.5
- - Manipur State Congress Party 2 1 25.4
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 1 0 12.6
Lok Shakti 1 0 0.2
Orissa (21) NDA Biju Janata Dal 12 9 27.5
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 9 7 21.2
Congress+ Indian National Congress 21 5 41
Punjab (13)
NDA Shiromani Akali Dal 8 8 32.9
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 3 3 11.7
Janata Dal 1 1 4.2
Independent 1 1 3.8
Congress+ Indian National Congress 8 0 25.8
Communist Party of India (CPI) 1 0 3.4
Bahujan Samaj Party 4 0 12.6
Rajasthan (25) Congress+ Indian National Congress 25 18 44.5
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 25 5 41.7
- - All India Indira Congress (Secular) 9 1 1.9
- - Independent 50 1 3.8
Tamil Nadu (39)
NDA All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 22 18 25.9
Pattali Makkal Katchi 5 4 6
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 5 3 6.9
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 5 3 6.3
Janata Party 1 1 1.5
Independent 1 1 3.62
Congress+ Indian National Congress 35 0 4.8
MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 3 0 1.1
United Communist Party Of India 1 0 0
Third Front Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 16 4 18.5
Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) 19 3 19.2
Communist Party Of India (CPI) 2 1 2.5
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM) 2 0 0.6
Uttar Pradesh (85)
NDA Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 82 57 36.5
Samata Party 2 2 0.8
Shiv Sena 1 0 0.1
Congress+ Indian National Congress 76 0 6
- - Bahujan Samaj Party 85 4 20.9
- - Samajwadi Party 81 20 28.7
- - Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) 1 1 0.5
- - Independent 491 1 2.8
West Bengal (42)
Third Front Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM) 32 24 35.4
Communist Party Of India (CPI) 3 3 3.6
Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) 4 4 4.5
All India Forward Bloc (AIFB) 3 2 3.3
NDA All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) 28 7 24.1
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 14 2 10.2
UPA Indian National Congress (INC) 39 1 15.2

Support for the New Government[edit | edit source]

Political Party Seats Alliance
Bharatiya Janata Party 182 National Democratic Alliance
All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 18
Samata Party 12
Biju Janata Dal 9
Shiromani Akali Dal 8
All India Trinamool Congress 7
Shiv Sena 6
Pattali Makkal Katchi 4
Lok Shakti 3
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 3
Janata Dal
(out of 6 M.Ps) 		2
Arunachal Congress 2
Janata Party 1
Haryana Vikas Party 1
Sikkim Democratic Front 1
Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress
(As Independent) 		1
Manipur State Congress Party 1
Bahujan Samaj Morcha
(As Independent) 		1
Independent 2
Telugu Desam Party 12 outside support
Total 276

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Two seats were reserved for Anglo-Indians and filled by presidential nomination

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Government Falls, Indian Premier Quits; Coalition Splits Amid Gandhi Assassination Debate". The Washington Post. 29 November 1997. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
  2. ↑ "BJP's one-vote defeat in 1999 was narrowest in history". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 25 December 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
  3. ↑ "The 1999 No-Trust Motion That Former PM Vajpayee Lost by One Vote". The Quint. 20 July 2018. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
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