Autonomous administrative divisions of India: Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by Srijanx22
Last edited April 19, 2026
VisualWikitext
->Srijanx22
\
 
improve content additionally and cleaned formatting
 
(One intermediate revision by one other user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Politics of India}}  
{{Short description|Autonomous councils}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
[[File:Autonomous divisions of India.svg|301x301px|right|thumb|Autonomous councils in India]]
[[File:Autonomous divisions of India.svg|301x301px|right|thumb|Autonomous councils in India]]
[[File:NE Autonomous divisions of India.svg|266x266px|right|thumb|Autonomous councils in North East India]]
[[File:NE Autonomous divisions of India.svg|266x266px|right|thumb|Autonomous councils in North East India]]
{{Politics of India}}
In India, there are autonomously administered territories for [[Scheduled Tribes]], administered by representatives of those tribes. The [[Sixth Schedule to the Constitution of India|Sixth Schedule]] of the [[Constitution of India]] allows for the formation of '''Autonomous District Councils''' and '''Autonomous Regional Councils''' in [[Assam]], [[Meghalaya]], [[Mizoram]], and [[Tripura]], granting them autonomy within their respective territories. Currently, there are 10 Autonomous District Councils across these four states. In these areas, Acts of Parliament and state legislation do not apply.<ref name=COIS6>{{cite web| url=https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S6.pdf| title=Sixth Schedule of The Constitution of India| access-date=27 October 2019| archive-date=27 October 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191027170935/https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S6.pdf| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.firstpost.com/india/union-cabinet-approves-amendment-in-sixth-schedule-to-strengthen-10-north-east-autonomous-councils-5951561.html|title = Union Cabinet approves amendment in Sixth Schedule to strengthen 10 North East autonomous councils|date = 24 January 2019|access-date = 3 November 2019|archive-date = 28 October 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201028091638/https://www.firstpost.com/india/union-cabinet-approves-amendment-in-sixth-schedule-to-strengthen-10-north-east-autonomous-councils-5951561.html|url-status = live}}</ref>


The Sixth Schedule of the [[Constitution of India]] allows for the formation of '''autonomous administrative divisions''' which have been given autonomy within their respective [[States and union territories of India|states]].<ref name=COIS6>{{cite web| url=https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S6.pdf| title=Sixth Schedule of The Constitution of India}}</ref> Most of these autonomous district councils are located in [[North East India]] but two are in [[Ladakh]], a region administered by India as a [[union territory]]. Presently, 10 Autonomous Councils in Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Tripura are formed by virtue of the Sixth Schedule<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/union-cabinet-approves-amendment-in-sixth-schedule-to-strengthen-10-north-east-autonomous-councils-5951561.html|title = Union Cabinet approves amendment in Sixth Schedule to strengthen 10 North East autonomous councils-India News , Firstpost|date = 24 January 2019}}</ref> with the rest being formed as a result of other legislation.
Additionally, other autonomous councils, created by individual states through state legislation, exist in [[Northeast India]], [[Ladakh]], and [[West Bengal]]. Unlike those under the Sixth Schedule, these councils are subject to parliamentary and state laws.{{cn|date=August 2024}}


==Powers and competencies==
==Powers and competencies==
===Executive and legislative powers===
===Executive and legislative powers===
Under the provisions of the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India, autonomous district councils can make laws, rules and regulations in the following areas:<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S6.pdf| title=Sixth Schedule of The Constitution of India}}</ref>
Under the provisions of the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India, autonomous district councils can make laws, rules and regulations in the following areas:<ref name="COIS6"/>


*Land management
*Land management
Line 25: Line 28:


===Judicial powers===
===Judicial powers===
Autonomous district councils have powers to form courts to hear cases where both parties are members of [[Scheduled Tribes]] and the maximum sentence is less than 5 years in prison.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S6.pdf| title=Sixth Schedule of The Constitution of India}}</ref>
Autonomous district councils have powers to form courts to hear cases where both parties are members of [[Scheduled Tribes]] and the maximum sentence is less than 5 years in prison.<ref name="COIS6"/>


===Taxation and revenue===
===Taxation and revenue===
Autonomous district councils have powers to levy taxes, fees and tolls on: building and land, animals, vehicles, boats, entry of goods into the area, roads, ferries, bridges, employment and income and general taxes for the maintenance of schools and roads.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S6.pdf| title=Sixth Schedule of The Constitution of India}}</ref>
Autonomous district councils have powers to levy taxes, fees and tolls on: building and land, animals, vehicles, boats, entry of goods into the area, roads, ferries, bridges, employment and income and general taxes for the maintenance of schools and roads.<ref name="COIS6"/>


==List of autonomous administrative divisions==
==Constitutional autonomous councils==
Autonomous district councils operating under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India are shown in '''bold'''.
There are 10 Autonomous District Councils created by the [[Sixth Schedule to the Constitution of India|Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India]]:
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="border:1px solid black"
|- bgcolor=#99ccff
! '''State/UT'''
! '''Autonomous Council'''
! '''Headquarters'''
! '''Formation'''
! '''Last Election'''
! '''Chief Executive''' <!-- Don't add Chairperson of the council -->
! '''Party of'''
'''Chief Executive'''


<small>(Coalition/ Party)</small>
{{static row numbers}}
! '''Current Party Position'''
{|class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers"
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|-
| rowspan="13" | [[Assam]]|| '''[[Bodoland Territorial Council]]'''|| [[Kokrajhar]]|| 2003 || 2020
! State
|[[Pramod Boro]]|| [[United People's Party Liberal|UPPL]]
! Body
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
! Headquarters
|Total-40 
! Formation
[[Government|Govt]]:- [[United People's Party Liberal|UPPL]]-15 [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]-12 [[Heera Saraniya|GSP]]-1
! Last Election
 
! Colspan=2| Ruling Party
Opp:- [[Bodoland People's Front|BPF]]-12.
|-
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
| rowspan="3" | [[Assam]]|| [[Bodoland Territorial Council]]|| [[Kokrajhar]]|| 2003
|| '''[[North Cachar Hills Autonomous Council]]'''|| [[Haflong]]|| 1951 || 2019
|2025
|Debolal Gorlosa|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
|{{Party name with color|Bodoland People's Front}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-09-27 |title=
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
BPF sweeps BTC polls, BJP reclaims council role via NDA realignment|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/bpf-sweeps-btc-polls-bjp-reclaims-council-role-via-nda-realignment/articleshow/124184797.cms|access-date=2025-12-09 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251002081707/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/btc-polls-bpf-wins-28-seats-reclaims-power-bjp-suffers-setback-uppl-bags-7-seats/articleshow/124177544.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|Total-28 
|-
Govt:- BJP-26 
|| [[Dima Hasao Autonomous Council]]|| [[Haflong]]|| 1952
 
|2024
Opp:- [[Indian National Congress|INC]]-2
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=BJP wins 25 seats in North Cachar Hills Autonomous Council in Assam |url=https://www.business-standard.com/india-news/bjp-wins-25-seats-in-north-cachar-hills-autonomous-council-in-assam-124011300075_1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527054055/https://www.business-standard.com/india-news/bjp-wins-25-seats-in-north-cachar-hills-autonomous-council-in-assam-124011300075_1.html |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=www.business-standard.com |language=en-US |url-status=live }}</ref>
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|-
|| '''[[Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council|Karbi Anglong]]''' '''[[Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council|Autonomous Council]]'''
|| [[Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council]]
| [[Diphu]]|| 1952 || 2017
| [[Diphu]]|| 1952
|Tuliram Ronghang|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
|2022
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-06-13 |title=BJP wins all 26 seats in Assam’s Karbi Anglong council polls |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/bjp-wins-all-26-seats-in-assams-karbi-anglong-council-polls/articleshow/92170706.cms |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|Total-26
|-
Govt:- BJP-24 
| rowspan="3" | [[Meghalaya]]|| [[Garo Hills Autonomous District Council]]
 
| [[Tura, Meghalaya|Tura]]|| 1973
Opp:- KADF-2.
|2021
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|{{party name with color|National People's Party (India)}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-22 |title=NPP MDC Benedic R Marak wins CEM position in GHADC |url=https://theshillongtimes.com/2021/04/22/npp-mdc-benedic-r-marak-wins-cem-position-in-ghadc/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Shillong Times |language=en-US |archive-date=24 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124010415/https://theshillongtimes.com/2021/04/22/npp-mdc-benedic-r-marak-wins-cem-position-in-ghadc/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| [[Tiwa Autonomous Council]]
|-
| [[Morigaon]] || 1995 || 2020
| [[Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Jowai]]|| 1973
| Jiban Chandra Konwar|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
|2025
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|{{party name with color|National People's Party (India)}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-02-25 |title=UDP, independents back NPP to form JHADC EC - The Meghalayan Express |url=https://themeghalayanexpress.com/udp-independents-back-npp-to-form-jhadc-ec/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250522154320/https://themeghalayanexpress.com/udp-independents-back-npp-to-form-jhadc-ec/ |archive-date=22 May 2025 |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=Hub News Assam |language=en-US |url-status=live }}</ref>
|Total-36   
|-
Govt:- BJP-33  [[Asom Gana Parishad|AGP]]-2 
|| [[Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Shillong]]|| 1973
 
|2025
Opp:-  INC-1.
|{{Party name with color|Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-24 |title=Meghalaya MDC Election 2025 Result: VPP Ousts Ruling NPP in Khasi Tribal Council, Bags 2nd Place In JHADC |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/elections/meghalaya-mdc-election-2025-result-vpp-ousts-ruling-npp-in-khasi-tribal-council-bags-2nd-place-in-jhadc |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Outlook India |language=en |archive-date=24 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250224122734/https://www.outlookindia.com/elections/meghalaya-mdc-election-2025-result-vpp-ousts-ruling-npp-in-khasi-tribal-council-bags-2nd-place-in-jhadc |url-status=live }}</ref>
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|-
|| [[Mising Autonomous Council]]|| [[Dhemaji]]|| 1995 || 2019
| rowspan="3" | [[Mizoram]]|| [[Chakma Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Kamalanagar, Mizoram|Kamalanagar]]|| 1972
|Ranoj Pegu|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
|2023
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-36 
Govt:- BJP-29 SGS-5
 
Opp:- [[Independent politician|IND]]-1.
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council]]|| [[Dudhnoi]]|| 1995 || 2019
|Tankeswar Rabha|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-36 
Govt:- BJP+RHJMC-34 
 
Opp:- INC-1  AGP-1.
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council]]|| [[Dibrugarh]] || 2005 || 2019
|Dipu ranjan Markari || [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-26  
Govt:- BJP-20
 
Opp:- INC-5  IND-1.
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council]]|| [[Titabar]] || 2005 || 2016
|Kumud Ch Kachari|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-22
Govt:- BJP-13 AGP-3
 
Opp:- INC-4  IND-2.
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Deori Autonomous Council]]|| [[Narayanpur, Assam|Narayanpur]] ||  2005 || 2016
|Madhav Deori|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-17 
Govt:- BJP-7 IND-7  AGP-1
 
Opp:- INC-2 
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Moran Autonomous Council]]|| **|| 2020 || Not yet
| || **
|
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|[[Governor's rule]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-07 |title=Mizoram: Governor’s rule imposed in Chakma Autonomous District Council |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/mizoram-governor-s-rule-imposed-in-chakma-autonomous-district-council-101751896702835.html |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
|[[Matak Autonomous Council]]
|-
| **
|| [[Lai Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Lawngtlai]]|| 1972
|2020
|2025
| Not yet
|{{Party name with color|Zoram People's Movement}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-12-15 |title=ZPM, MNF form alliance to run Mizoram’s Lai council |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/zpm-mnf-form-alliance-to-run-mizorams-lai-council/articleshow/125988672.cms |access-date=2025-12-16 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|
|-
| **
|| [[Mara Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Siaha]]|| 1972
|
|2022
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-11-26 |title=Assam: BJP ousts MNF-Congress team from power in Mara council |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/assam-bjp-ousts-mnf-congress-team-from-power-in-mara-council/articleshow/95778428.cms |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=4 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304014436/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/assam-bjp-ousts-mnf-congress-team-from-power-in-mara-council/articleshow/95778428.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|[[Bodo Kachari Welfare Autonomous Council]]
|-
| Simen Chapori
| rowspan="1" | [[Tripura]]|| [[Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Khumulwng]]|| 1982
|2020
|2026
| Not yet
|{{Party name with color|Tipra Motha Party}}<ref name="Election Results 2026">{{cite web |title=TTAADC Election Results 2026: Tipra Motha Wins 24 Seats, BJP Gets 4; All 28 Results Declared |url=https://voterlist.co.in/ttaadc-election-results-2026-live-counting-updates/}}</ref>
| Mihiniswar Basumatary
|}
| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|[[Kamatapur Autonomous Council]]
| [[Bongaigaon]]
|2020
| Not yet
|Gokul Barman
| AKRSU(K)
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
| rowspan="2" | [[Ladakh]]|| [[Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil|LAHDC Kargil]]|| [[Kargil]]|| 2003 || 2018
|Feroz Ahmad Khan|| [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |JKNC]]
<small>([[Indian National Congress|INC]])</small>
|Total-30
Govt:- [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]]-10 INC-8


Opp:-  IND-5. BJP-3
==Statutory autonomous councils==
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
Some states have created autonomous councils by an Act of their state legislatures. The two autonomous councils in the [[union territory]] of [[Ladakh]] was created by the [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|state of Jammu and Kashmir]] (1952 – 2019).
|| [[Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh|LAHDC Leh]]|| [[Leh]]|| 1995 || 2020
|Tashi Gyalson|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
|Total-30
Govt:- BJP-16


Opp:- INC-9 IND-1
{{static row numbers}}
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
{|class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers"
 
|-
| rowspan="6" | [[Manipur]]|| [[Chandel Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Chandel, Manipur|Chandel]]|| || 2015
! State/UT !! Autonomous Council !! Headquarters !! Formation !! Last Election !! Last Ruling Party
|Ksh. Siddharth, MCS
|-
|**
| rowspan="10" | [[Assam]] || [[Tiwa Autonomous Council]] || [[Morigaon]] || 1995<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-07 |title=Assam adds 113 Tiwa Villages to Autonomous Council |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/story/assam-adds-113-tiwa-villages-to-autonomous-council-1066273-2024-08-07 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=India Today NE |language= |archive-date=7 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807094405/https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/story/assam-adds-113-tiwa-villages-to-autonomous-council-1066273-2024-08-07 |url-status=live }}</ref> || 2020 || [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-12-19 |title=Assam: BJP sweeps Tiwa council polls |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/tiwa-autonomous-council-bjp-wins-16-seats-leading-in-many-others/articleshow/79816381.cms |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130105904/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/tiwa-autonomous-council-bjp-wins-16-seats-leading-in-many-others/articleshow/79816381.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Churachandpur Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Churachandpur]] || || 2015
| Lalthazam, MCS||**
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Sadar Hills Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Kangpokpi]] || || 2015
| James Doujapao Haokip, MCS||**
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Manipur North Autonomous District Council|Manipur North (Senapati) Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Senapati (Tahamzam)|Senapati]] || || 2015
|H L Jain, MCS
|**
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Tamenglong Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Tamenglong]] || || 2015
| ||
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| [[Ukhrul Autonomous District Council]]|| [[Ukhrul]] || || 2015
|David Kashungnao, MCS
|**
|
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
| rowspan="3" | [[Meghalaya]]|| '''[[Garo Hills Autonomous District Council|Garo Hills Autonomous]]''' '''[[Garo Hills Autonomous District Council|District Council]]'''
| [[Tura, Meghalaya|Tura]]|| 1973 || 2021
| Benedick R Marak|| [[National People's Party (India)|NPP]]
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-29 
Govt:- [[National People's Party (India)|NPP]]-11 BJP-2 [[Garo National Council|GNC]]-1 IND-3
 
Opp:- INC-12
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| '''[[Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council]]'''|| [[Jowai]]|| 1973 || 2019
|T Shiwat||[[National People's Party (India)|NPP]]
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-29 
Govt:- NPP-12  [[United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)|UDP]]-10 
 
Opp:- INC-4  IND-3
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| '''[[Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council]]'''|| [[Shillong]]|| 1973 || 2019
|Titosstarwell Chyne|| [[National People's Party (India)|NPP]]
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-29 
Govt:- NPP-7  UDP-6 [[Hill State People's Democratic Party|HSPDP]]-2 [[People's Democratic Front (Meghalaya)|PDF]]-1 IND-3
 
Opp:- INC-10 
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
| rowspan="3" | [[Mizoram]]|| '''[[Chakma Autonomous District Council]]'''|| [[Kamalanagar, Mizoram|Kamalanagar]]|| 1972 || 2018
|Durjya Dhan Chakma|| [[Mizo National Front |MNF]]
|Total-20 
Govt:- [[Mizo National Front |MNF]]-19
 
Opp:-  BJP-1
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| '''[[Lai Autonomous District Council]]'''|| [[Lawngtlai]]|| 1972 || 2020
|V. Zirsanga|| [[Mizo National Front |MNF]]
|Total-25 
Govt:- MNF-20
 
Opp:- IND-3 BJP-1  INC-1
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
|| '''[[Mara Autonomous District Council]]'''|| [[Siaha]]|| 1972 || 2017
|N Zakhai|| [[Bhartiya Janata Party |BJP]]
<small>([[North-East Democratic Alliance|NEDA]])</small>
|Total-25 
Govt:- BJP-19 
 
Opp:- INC-5 IND-1
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
| rowspan="1" | [[Tripura]]|| '''[[Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council]]'''|| [[Khumulwng]]|| 1982 || 2021
|Purna Chandra Jamatia|| |[[The Indigenous Progressive Regional Alliance|TIPRA]]
|Total-30 
Govt:- [[The Indigenous Progressive Regional Alliance|TIPRA]]-18 IND-1
 
Opp:- BJP-9
|- bgcolor=#F4F9FF
| rowspan="1" | [[West Bengal]]|| [[Gorkhaland Territorial Administration]]|| [[Darjeeling]]|| 2012 || 2017
|Anit Thapa||
|
|}
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! colspan="3" |Legends
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Party
|| [[Mising Autonomous Council]] || [[Dhemaji]] || 1995<ref>{{Cite web |title=About us {{!}} Mising Autonomous Council |url=https://www.macassam.org/about-us |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=www.macassam.org}}</ref> || 2019 || [[Sanmilita Gana Shakti|SGS]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2019-01-29 |title=Assam: BJP, Allies Win Mising, Rabha Hasong, Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council Elections |url=https://www.india.com/news/india/assam-bjp-allies-win-mising-rabha-hasong-sonowal-kachari-autonomous-council-elections-3547828/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=www.india.com |language=en |archive-date=2 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251002120818/https://www.india.com/news/india/assam-bjp-allies-win-mising-rabha-hasong-sonowal-kachari-autonomous-council-elections-3547828/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
!ECI Recognition<ref>{{Cite web|title=ECI|url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/13711-list-of-political-parties-symbol-main-notification-dated23092021/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|-
|AKRSU(K)
|| [[Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council]] || [[Dudhnoi]] || 1995<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us {{!}} Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council |url=https://rhac.assam.gov.in/about-us/about-us |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429060932/https://rhac.assam.gov.in/about-us/about-us |archive-date=29 April 2025 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=rhac.assam.gov.in |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref> || 2025 || [[Rabha Hasong Joutha Mancha|RHJM]]<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-04-06 |title=BJP-RHJM alliance retain Rabha Hasong council |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/bjp-rhjm-alliance-retain-rabha-hasong-council/articleshow/120023852.cms |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=29 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429131157/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/bjp-rhjm-alliance-retain-rabha-hasong-council/articleshow/120023852.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|All Koch-Rajbanshi Students’ Union
|N/A
|-
|-
|AGP
|| [[Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council]] || [[Dibrugarh]] || 2005<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council Act, 2005 |url=https://legislative.assam.gov.in/sites/default/files/swf_utility_folder/departments/legislative_medhassu_in_oid_3/menu/document/The%20Sonowal%20Kachari%20Autonomous%20Council%20Act%2C%202005..pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240512232912/https://legislative.assam.gov.in/sites/default/files/swf_utility_folder/departments/legislative_medhassu_in_oid_3/menu/document/The%20Sonowal%20Kachari%20Autonomous%20Council%20Act%2C%202005..pdf |archive-date=12 May 2024 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=legislative.assam.gov.in |url-status=live }}</ref> || 2019 || [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]<ref name=":2" />
|Asom Gana Parishad
|State Party
|-
|-
|BJP
|| [[Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council]] || [[Titabar]] || 2005<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council Act, 2005 |url=https://wptbc.assam.gov.in/sites/default/files/swf_utility_folder/departments/wpt_uneecopscloud_com_oid_3/menu/document/Thengal-Kachari-Autonomous-Council-Act%202005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531154834/https://wptbc.assam.gov.in/sites/default/files/swf_utility_folder/departments/wpt_uneecopscloud_com_oid_3/menu/document/Thengal-Kachari-Autonomous-Council-Act%202005.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2024 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=wptbc.assam.gov.in |url-status=live }}</ref> || 2022 || [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-25 |title=Assam: BJP sweeps Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council Election |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/story/assam-bjp-sweeps-thengal-kachari-autonomous-council-election-410576-2022-01-25 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=India Today NE |language=hi |archive-date=6 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706001801/https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/story/assam-bjp-sweeps-thengal-kachari-autonomous-council-election-410576-2022-01-25 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|Bhartiya Janta Party
|National Party
|-
|-
|BPF
|| [[Deori Autonomous Council]] || [[Narayanpur, Assam|Narayanpur]] || 2005<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Deori Autonomous Council |url=https://dacassam.org.in/about-dac |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=DAC Connect |language=en |archive-date=16 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250716054059/https://www.dacassam.org.in/about-dac/ |url-status=live }}</ref> || 2022 || [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-11-10 |title=BJP-AGP alliance wins Deori autonomous council elections in Assam |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/bjp-and-its-ally-asom-gana-parishad-win-deori-autonomous-council-elections-in-assam/articleshow/95427834.cms |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=25 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125003426/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/bjp-and-its-ally-asom-gana-parishad-win-deori-autonomous-council-elections-in-assam/articleshow/95427834.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|Bododland People's Front
|State Party
|-
|-
|GNC
|| [[Moran Autonomous Council]] || [[Tinsukia]] || 2020<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-09-03 |title=Assam Assembly passes bills to create 3 separate autonomous councils |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/Sep/03/assam-assembly-passes-bills-to-create-3-separate-autonomous-councils-2192038.html |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=26 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926214959/https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/sep/03/assam-assembly-passes-bills-to-create-3-separate-autonomous-councils-2192038.html |url-status=live }}</ref> || ||
|Garo National Council
|Registered Unrecognized Party
|-
|-
|GSP
| [[Matak Autonomous Council]] || Chring Gaon || 2020<ref name=":0" /> || ||
|Gana Suraksha Party
|Registered Unrecognized Party
|-
|-
|HSPDP
| [[Bodo Kachari Welfare Autonomous Council]] || Simen Chapori || 2020<ref>{{Cite news |title=Assam House Passes Bill to Create Autonomous Council for Bodo-Kachari Community |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/assam-house-passes-bill-to-create-autonomous-council-for-bodo-kachari-community-3232208.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521070911/https://www.news18.com/news/india/assam-house-passes-bill-to-create-autonomous-council-for-bodo-kachari-community-3232208.html |archive-date=21 May 2022 |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=News18 |language=en-US |url-status=live }}</ref> || ||
|Hill State People's Democratic Party
|State Party
|-
|-
|INC
| [[Kamtapur Autonomous Council]] || [[Abhayapuri]] || 2020<ref name=":0" /> || ||
|Indian National Congress
|National Party
|-
|-
|JKNC
| rowspan="6" | [[Manipur]] || [[Chandel Autonomous District Council]] || [[Chandel, Manipur|Chandel]] || 1971<ref name=":0k">{{Cite web |title=Autonomous District Councils Manipur in brief By Haokholal Hangshing |url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=news_section.opinions.Politics_and_Governance.Autonomous_District_Councils_Manipur_in_brief_By_Haokholal_Hangshing |access-date=2022-05-19 |website=e-pao.net |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920170349/http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=news_section.opinions.Politics_and_Governance.Autonomous_District_Councils_Manipur_in_brief_By_Haokholal_Hangshing |url-status=live }}</ref> || 2015 || [[Naga People's Front|NPF]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2015-07-14 |title=Finally, new ADC Members sworn in |url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=2..140715.jul15 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=e-pao.net}}</ref>
|Jammu & Kashmir National Conference
|State Party
|-
|-
|KADF
|| [[Churachandpur Autonomous District Council]] || [[Churachandpur]] || 1971<ref name=":0k" /> || 2015 || [[Independent politician|Ind]]<ref name=":1" />
|Karbi Anglong Democratic Forum
|N/A
|-
|-
|MNF
|| [[Sadar Hills Autonomous District Council]] || [[Kangpokpi]] || 1971<ref name=":0k" /> || 2015 || [[Indian National Congress|INC]]<ref name=":1" />
|Mizo National Front
|State Party
|-
|-
|NPP
|| [[Manipur North Autonomous District Council]] || [[Senapati (Tahamzam)|Senapati]] || 1971<ref name=":0k" /> || 2015 || [[Naga People's Front|NPF]]<ref name=":1" />
|National People's Party
|National Party
|-
|-
|PDF
|| [[Tamenglong Autonomous District Council]] || [[Tamenglong]] || 1971<ref name=":0k" /> || 2015 || [[Naga People's Front|NPF]]<ref name=":1" />
|People's Democratic Front (Meghalaya)
|State Party
|-
|-
|RHJMC
|| [[Ukhrul Autonomous District Council]] || [[Ukhrul]] || 1971<ref name=":0k" /> || 2015 || [[Naga People's Front|NPF]]<ref name=":1" />
|Rabha Hasong Joint Movement Committee
|N/A
|-
|-
|SGS
| [[Mizoram]] || [[Sinlung Hills Council]] || [[Aizawl]] || 2018<ref>{{Cite news |title=Mizoram hopes for lasting peace as lone active rebel outfit signs peace deal |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mizoram-hopes-for-lasting-peace-as-lone-active-rebel-outfit-signs-peace-deal/story-M8n2Pl0nsN1pstU9jCEAnJ.html |access-date=2024-03-10 |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref> || 2024 || [[Mizo National Front|MNF]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mizoram: Opposition MNF sweeps Sinlung Hills Council polls |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/mizoram/mizoram-opposition-mnf-sweeps-sinlung-hills-council-polls-3263970 |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>
|Sanmilita Gana Shakti
|Registered Unrecognized Party
|-
|-
|TIPRI
| rowspan="2" | [[Ladakh]] || [[Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil]] || [[Kargil]] || 2003<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil |url=https://kargil.nic.in/lahdc/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |language=en-US |archive-date=6 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250906233240/https://kargil.nic.in/lahdc/ |url-status=live }}</ref> || 2023 || [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ashiq |first=Peerzada |date=2023-10-18 |title=NC leader Dr. Akhone elected as new CEC of Kargil hill council |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nc-leader-dr-akhone-elected-as-new-cec-of-kargil-hill-council/article67434250.ece |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=14 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114173908/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nc-leader-dr-akhone-elected-as-new-cec-of-kargil-hill-council/article67434250.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
|The Indigenous Progressive Regional Alliance
|State Party
|-
|-
|UDP
|| [[Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh]] || [[Leh]] || 1995<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh |url=https://leh.nic.in/lahdcleh/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |language=en-US |archive-date=3 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250803061446/https://leh.nic.in/lahdcleh/ |url-status=live }}</ref> || 2020 || [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]<ref>{{Cite news |title=BJP Wins Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council Elections In Leh |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bjp-wins-ladakh-autonomous-hill-development-council-elections-in-leh-2316090 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250615213542/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bjp-wins-ladakh-autonomous-hill-development-council-elections-in-leh-2316090 |archive-date=15 June 2025 |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=www.ndtv.com |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref>
|United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)
|State Party
|-
|-
|UPPL
| [[West Bengal]] || [[Gorkhaland Territorial Administration]] || [[Darjeeling]] || 2012<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-03-07 |title=President gives her assent to the GTA Bill |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/president-gives-her-assent-to-the-gta-bill/story-YrLXPNzCyAOCg1r1O12i4I.html |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> || 2022 || [[Bharatiya Gorkha Prajatantrik Morcha|BGPM]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Shiv Sahay |date=2022-06-29 |title=Bharatiya Gorkha Prajatantrik Morcha set to form board at Gorkhaland Territorial Administration |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bharatiya-gorkha-prajatantrik-morcha-setto-form-board-at-gorkhaland-territorial-administration/article65579129.ece |access-date=2025-12-09 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005125602/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bharatiya-gorkha-prajatantrik-morcha-setto-form-board-at-gorkhaland-territorial-administration/article65579129.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
|United People's Party Liberal
|State Party
|}
|}


Line 332: Line 144:
[[North Sentinel Island]] is situated in the island chain of the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] which is a [[union territory]] of India. It is home to the [[Sentinelese people]], who are among some of the world's last [[uncontacted peoples]]. They reject any contact with other people and are among the last people to remain virtually untouched by modern civilization. There has never been any treaty with the people of the island nor any record of a physical occupation.
[[North Sentinel Island]] is situated in the island chain of the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] which is a [[union territory]] of India. It is home to the [[Sentinelese people]], who are among some of the world's last [[uncontacted peoples]]. They reject any contact with other people and are among the last people to remain virtually untouched by modern civilization. There has never been any treaty with the people of the island nor any record of a physical occupation.


The Andaman and Nicobar Administartion has stated<ref>[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter8/text8.htm#sentineli The Sentineli] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302021552/http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter8/text8.htm#sentineli |date=March 2, 2009 }}.</ref> that they have no intention to interfere with the Sentinelese's lifestyle or habitat. Although the island is likely to have suffered seriously from the effects of the [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake|December 2004 tsunami]], the survival of the Sentinelese was confirmed when, some days after the event, an Indian government helicopter observed several of them, who shot arrows at the hovering aircraft to repel it.
The Andaman and Nicobar Administration has stated<ref>[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter8/text8.htm#sentineli The Sentineli] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302021552/http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter8/text8.htm#sentineli |date=2 March 2009 }}.</ref> that they have no intention of interfering with the Sentinelese's lifestyle or habitat. Although the island is likely to have suffered seriously from the effects of the [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake|December 2004 tsunami]], the survival of the Sentinelese was confirmed when, some days after the event, an [[Indian government]] helicopter observed several of them, who shot arrows at the hovering aircraft to repel it.


Although this has not been done with any formal treaty, the official policy of minimal interference has ensured that they have ''[[de facto]]'' autonomy and sovereignty over their island under the framework of the central and local governments.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thewe.cc/contents/more/archive2005/january/jarwas_onges_shompens_sentinelese_great_andamanese.htm |title=Administration in India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands has finally decided upon a policy of minimal interference |access-date=2008-08-21 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120914105121/http://www.thewe.cc/contents/more/archive2005/january/jarwas_onges_shompens_sentinelese_great_andamanese.htm |archive-date=2012-09-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Although this has not been done with any formal treaty, the official policy of minimal interference has ensured that they have ''[[de facto]]'' autonomy and sovereignty over their island under the framework of the central and local governments.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thewe.cc/contents/more/archive2005/january/jarwas_onges_shompens_sentinelese_great_andamanese.htm |title=Administration in India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands has finally decided upon a policy of minimal interference |access-date=2008-08-21 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120914105121/http://www.thewe.cc/contents/more/archive2005/january/jarwas_onges_shompens_sentinelese_great_andamanese.htm |archive-date=2012-09-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[States and territories of India]]
*[[Administrative divisions of India]]
*[[States and union territories of India]]
*[[List of autonomous areas by country]]
*[[List of autonomous areas by country]]


Line 346: Line 159:
*[https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S6.pdf Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India]
*[https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S6.pdf Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India]


{{Autonomous administrative divisions of India}}
{{India topics}}
{{India topics}}
{{Geography of India}}
{{Geography of India}}
{{Proposed states and territories of India}}
{{Proposed states and territories of India}}
{{Autonomous administrative divisions of India}}


<!-- Categories -->
<!-- Categories -->
[[Category:Administrative divisions of India]]
[[Category:Administrative divisions of India]]
[[Category:Autonomous regions of India]]
[[Category:Autonomous administrative divisions of India]]
[[Category:Lands reserved for indigenous peoples]]

Latest revision as of 14:11, 19 April 2026


Autonomous councils in India
Autonomous councils in North East India
India
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
India
Federal government
Legislature
Parliament of India
Executive
Judiciary
Elections
  • General elections
Political parties
National coalitions
Federalism
 India portal

In India, there are autonomously administered territories for Scheduled Tribes, administered by representatives of those tribes. The Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India allows for the formation of Autonomous District Councils and Autonomous Regional Councils in Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Tripura, granting them autonomy within their respective territories. Currently, there are 10 Autonomous District Councils across these four states. In these areas, Acts of Parliament and state legislation do not apply.[1][2]

Additionally, other autonomous councils, created by individual states through state legislation, exist in Northeast India, Ladakh, and West Bengal. Unlike those under the Sixth Schedule, these councils are subject to parliamentary and state laws.[citation needed]

Powers and competencies[edit | edit source]

Executive and legislative powers[edit | edit source]

Under the provisions of the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India, autonomous district councils can make laws, rules and regulations in the following areas:[1]

  • Land management
  • Forest management
  • Water resources
  • Agriculture and cultivation
  • Formation of village councils
  • Public health
  • Sanitation
  • Village and town level policing
  • Appointment of traditional chiefs and headmen
  • Inheritance of property
  • Marriage and divorce
  • Social customs
  • Money lending and trading
  • Mining and minerals

Judicial powers[edit | edit source]

Autonomous district councils have powers to form courts to hear cases where both parties are members of Scheduled Tribes and the maximum sentence is less than 5 years in prison.[1]

Taxation and revenue[edit | edit source]

Autonomous district councils have powers to levy taxes, fees and tolls on: building and land, animals, vehicles, boats, entry of goods into the area, roads, ferries, bridges, employment and income and general taxes for the maintenance of schools and roads.[1]

Constitutional autonomous councils[edit | edit source]

There are 10 Autonomous District Councils created by the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India:

State Body Headquarters Formation Last Election Ruling Party
Assam Bodoland Territorial Council Kokrajhar 2003 2025 Bodoland People's Front[3]
Dima Hasao Autonomous Council Haflong 1952 2024 BJP[4]
Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council Diphu 1952 2022 BJP[5]
Meghalaya Garo Hills Autonomous District Council Tura 1973 2021 NPP[6]
Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council Jowai 1973 2025 NPP[7]
Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council Shillong 1973 2025 Voice of the People Party[8]
Mizoram Chakma Autonomous District Council Kamalanagar 1972 2023 Governor's rule[9]
Lai Autonomous District Council Lawngtlai 1972 2025 Zoram People's Movement[10]
Mara Autonomous District Council Siaha 1972 2022 BJP[11]
Tripura Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council Khumulwng 1982 2026 Tipra Motha Party[12]

Statutory autonomous councils[edit | edit source]

Some states have created autonomous councils by an Act of their state legislatures. The two autonomous councils in the union territory of Ladakh was created by the state of Jammu and Kashmir (1952 – 2019).

State/UT Autonomous Council Headquarters Formation Last Election Last Ruling Party
Assam Tiwa Autonomous Council Morigaon 1995[13] 2020 BJP[14]
Mising Autonomous Council Dhemaji 1995[15] 2019 SGS[16]
Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council Dudhnoi 1995[17] 2025 RHJM[18]
Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council Dibrugarh 2005[19] 2019 BJP[16]
Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council Titabar 2005[20] 2022 BJP[21]
Deori Autonomous Council Narayanpur 2005[22] 2022 BJP[23]
Moran Autonomous Council Tinsukia 2020[24]
Matak Autonomous Council Chring Gaon 2020[24]
Bodo Kachari Welfare Autonomous Council Simen Chapori 2020[25]
Kamtapur Autonomous Council Abhayapuri 2020[24]
Manipur Chandel Autonomous District Council Chandel 1971[26] 2015 NPF[27]
Churachandpur Autonomous District Council Churachandpur 1971[26] 2015 Ind[27]
Sadar Hills Autonomous District Council Kangpokpi 1971[26] 2015 INC[27]
Manipur North Autonomous District Council Senapati 1971[26] 2015 NPF[27]
Tamenglong Autonomous District Council Tamenglong 1971[26] 2015 NPF[27]
Ukhrul Autonomous District Council Ukhrul 1971[26] 2015 NPF[27]
Mizoram Sinlung Hills Council Aizawl 2018[28] 2024 MNF[29]
Ladakh Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil Kargil 2003[30] 2023 JKNC[31]
Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh Leh 1995[32] 2020 BJP[33]
West Bengal Gorkhaland Territorial Administration Darjeeling 2012[34] 2022 BGPM[35]

De facto self-governing areas[edit | edit source]

North Sentinel Island[edit | edit source]

North Sentinel Island is situated in the island chain of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands which is a union territory of India. It is home to the Sentinelese people, who are among some of the world's last uncontacted peoples. They reject any contact with other people and are among the last people to remain virtually untouched by modern civilization. There has never been any treaty with the people of the island nor any record of a physical occupation.

The Andaman and Nicobar Administration has stated[36] that they have no intention of interfering with the Sentinelese's lifestyle or habitat. Although the island is likely to have suffered seriously from the effects of the December 2004 tsunami, the survival of the Sentinelese was confirmed when, some days after the event, an Indian government helicopter observed several of them, who shot arrows at the hovering aircraft to repel it.

Although this has not been done with any formal treaty, the official policy of minimal interference has ensured that they have de facto autonomy and sovereignty over their island under the framework of the central and local governments.[37]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Sixth Schedule of The Constitution of India" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 October 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  2. ↑ "Union Cabinet approves amendment in Sixth Schedule to strengthen 10 North East autonomous councils". 24 January 2019. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
  3. ↑ "BPF sweeps BTC polls, BJP reclaims council role via NDA realignment". The Times of India. 27 September 2025. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 2 October 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  4. ↑ "BJP wins 25 seats in North Cachar Hills Autonomous Council in Assam". www.business-standard.com. Archived from the original on 27 May 2024. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  5. ↑ "BJP wins all 26 seats in Assam's Karbi Anglong council polls". The Times of India. 13 June 2022. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  6. ↑ "NPP MDC Benedic R Marak wins CEM position in GHADC". The Shillong Times. 22 April 2021. Archived from the original on 24 January 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  7. ↑ "UDP, independents back NPP to form JHADC EC - The Meghalayan Express". Hub News Assam. 25 February 2025. Archived from the original on 22 May 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  8. ↑ "Meghalaya MDC Election 2025 Result: VPP Ousts Ruling NPP in Khasi Tribal Council, Bags 2nd Place In JHADC". Outlook India. 24 February 2025. Archived from the original on 24 February 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  9. ↑ "Mizoram: Governor's rule imposed in Chakma Autonomous District Council". Hindustan Times. 7 July 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  10. ↑ "ZPM, MNF form alliance to run Mizoram's Lai council". The Times of India. 15 December 2025. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 16 December 2025.
  11. ↑ "Assam: BJP ousts MNF-Congress team from power in Mara council". The Times of India. 26 November 2022. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 4 March 2024. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  12. ↑ "TTAADC Election Results 2026: Tipra Motha Wins 24 Seats, BJP Gets 4; All 28 Results Declared".
  13. ↑ "Assam adds 113 Tiwa Villages to Autonomous Council". India Today NE. 7 August 2024. Archived from the original on 7 August 2024. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  14. ↑ "Assam: BJP sweeps Tiwa council polls". The Times of India. 19 December 2020. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 30 November 2024. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  15. ↑ "About us | Mising Autonomous Council". www.macassam.org. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Assam: BJP, Allies Win Mising, Rabha Hasong, Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council Elections". www.india.com. 29 January 2019. Archived from the original on 2 October 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  17. ↑ "About Us | Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council". rhac.assam.gov.in. Archived from the original on 29 April 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  18. ↑ "BJP-RHJM alliance retain Rabha Hasong council". The Times of India. 6 April 2025. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 29 April 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  19. ↑ "Sonowal Kachari Autonomous Council Act, 2005" (PDF). legislative.assam.gov.in. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  20. ↑ "Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council Act, 2005" (PDF). wptbc.assam.gov.in. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 May 2024. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  21. ↑ "Assam: BJP sweeps Thengal Kachari Autonomous Council Election". India Today NE (in हिन्दी). 25 January 2022. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  22. ↑ "About the Deori Autonomous Council". DAC Connect. Archived from the original on 16 July 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  23. ↑ "BJP-AGP alliance wins Deori autonomous council elections in Assam". The Times of India. 10 November 2022. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 "Assam Assembly passes bills to create 3 separate autonomous councils". The New Indian Express. 3 September 2020. Archived from the original on 26 September 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  25. ↑ "Assam House Passes Bill to Create Autonomous Council for Bodo-Kachari Community". News18. Archived from the original on 21 May 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 26.4 26.5 "Autonomous District Councils Manipur in brief By Haokholal Hangshing". e-pao.net. Archived from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 19 May 2022.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 "Finally, new ADC Members sworn in". e-pao.net. 14 July 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  28. ↑ "Mizoram hopes for lasting peace as lone active rebel outfit signs peace deal". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  29. ↑ "Mizoram: Opposition MNF sweeps Sinlung Hills Council polls". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  30. ↑ "Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil". Archived from the original on 6 September 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  31. ↑ Ashiq, Peerzada (18 October 2023). "NC leader Dr. Akhone elected as new CEC of Kargil hill council". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  32. ↑ "Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh". Archived from the original on 3 August 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  33. ↑ "BJP Wins Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council Elections In Leh". www.ndtv.com. Archived from the original on 15 June 2025. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  34. ↑ "President gives her assent to the GTA Bill". Hindustan Times. 7 March 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  35. ↑ Singh, Shiv Sahay (29 June 2022). "Bharatiya Gorkha Prajatantrik Morcha set to form board at Gorkhaland Territorial Administration". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  36. ↑ The Sentineli Archived 2 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
  37. ↑ "Administration in India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands has finally decided upon a policy of minimal interference". Retrieved 21 August 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

External links[edit | edit source]

Template:Proposed states and territories of India

Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Autonomous_administrative_divisions_of_India&oldid=546779"
Discover more