List of ports in India

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Map showing the location of airports and seaports in India

India has a coastline spanning 7516.6 kilometres, forming one of the biggest peninsulas in the world. According to the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, around 95 per cent of India's trading by volume and 70 per cent by value is done through maritime transport. It is serviced by 13 major ports (12 Government-owned and one private) and 187 notified minor and intermediate ports. Port Blair which was notified as major port in 2010 was removed of its status recently. The total 200 major and non-major ports are present in the following States: Maharashtra (53); Gujarat (40); Tamil Nadu (15); Karnataka (10) and others (82).[1]

Government of India plans to modernise these ports and has approved a project called Sagarmala.[2] The ports and shipping industry in India play a vital role in sustaining growth in the country's trade and commerce. The Indian Government has allowed Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) of up to 100 per cent under the automatic route for port and harbour construction and maintenance projects. The government has also initiated National Maritime Development Programme , an initiative to develop the maritime sector with a planned outlay of US$11.8 billion. Present by souvenir

Classification of ports[edit]

Indian government has a federal structure, and according to its constitution, maritime transport is to be administered by both the Central and the State governments. While the central government's shipping ministry administers the major ports, the minor and intermediate ports are administered by the relevant departments or ministries in the nine coastal states Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. Several of these 187 minor and intermediate ports have been identified by the respective governments to be developed, in a phased manner, a good proportion of them involving public–private partnership.

Major ports handled over 74% of all cargo traffic in 2007. All except Kamarajar Port Limited are government administered, but private sector participation in ports has increased. There are also 7 shipyards under the control of the central government of India, 2 shipyards controlled by state governments, and 19 privately owned shipyards.

As of 2000, there were 102 shipping companies operating in India, of which five were privately owned and based in India and one was owned by Shipping Corporation of India. There were 639 government-owned ships, including 91 oil tankers, 79 dry cargo bulk carriers, and 10 cellular container vessels. Indian-flagged vessels carried about 15 percent of overseas cargo at Indian ports for financial year 2003.

Ship breaking[edit]

As of January 2020, India has 30% share of ship breaking with annual US$1.1 billion revenue, which is lower than its potential business since India is not a signatory to Hong Kong International Convention for the safe and environmentally sound recycling of ships. Due to which treaty signatory nations, such as USA, Europe and Japan are not sending ships to India for breaking. India plans to pass the "Recycling of Ships Act, 2019" to ratify the Hong Kong treaty. This will allow India to capture its targeted 60% in the global ship breaking business while doubling the annual to US$2.3 billion target.[3] India's Alang-Sosiya Ship Breaking Yard is world's largest ships' graveyard.[3] Other ships' graveyard in India is the "Steel Industrials Kerala Limited".

Largest Port in Arabian Sea - Mundra Port (Gujarat)

Largest Port in Bay of Bengal- Paradip Port (Orissa)

Cargo handled[edit]

The following table gives the detailed data about the 28 major & big ports of India.[4] (Source: Indian Ports Association and Indian Private Ports & Terminals Association )

No. Name Estb. Date/Year Image City State Cargo Handled
(FY2017-18)
Container Traffic
(FY2017-18)
Ownership Coast
million tonnes % Increase
(over previous FY)
'000 TEUs % Increase
(over previous FY)
1 Mundra Port 1998 Adani Mundra Port Kutch Gujarat.jpg Mundra Gujarat 150 Adani Group Western
2 Deendayal Port Trust 1965 Kandla Gujarat 110.10 4.42% ↑ 117 95.73% ↑ Government of India Western
3 Paradip Port Authority 18th April 1966 Paradip Port.jpg Paradeep Odisha 102.01 14.68% ↑ 7 71.43% ↑ Government of India Eastern
4 Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust 1988 Jawaharlal Nehru Trust Port.jpg Navi Mumbai Maharashtra 66.00 6.20% ↑ 4,833 6.89% ↑ Government of India Western
5 Visakhapatnam Port Trust 1933 VizagPort.jpg Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 63.54 4.12% ↑ 389 5.66% ↑ Government of India Eastern
6 Mumbai Port Trust 1873 Mumbai Port Trust.JPG Mumbai Maharashtra 62.83 -0.35% ↓ 42 -2.38% ↓ Government of India Western
7 Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port Trust 1870 Ships at Kolkata Port 2.jpg Kolkata West Bengal 57.89 13.61% ↑ 796 3.02% ↑ Government of India Eastern
8 Karaikal Port 2009 Karaikal port.jpg Karaikal Puducherry 55 Adani Group Eastern
9 Chennai Port Trust 1881 150px Chennai Tamil Nadu 51.88 3.32% ↑ 1,549 3.49% ↑ Government of India Eastern
10 JSW Jaigad Port 2006 Ratnagiri district Maharashtra 50 JSW Group Western
11 Haldia Port Trust 1967 Haldia port@.png Haldia West Bengal 48.6 18.61% ↑ 115 3.45% ↑ Government of India Western
12 Krishnapatnam Port 2008 Krishnapatnam port cranes unloadng a ship.jpg Krishnapatnam Andra Pradesh 45 Adani Group Eastern
13 New Mangaluru Port Trust 1974 Mangalore Port (4531088758).jpg Mangaluru Karnataka 42.06 5.28% ↑ 115 17.39% ↑ Government of India Western
14 Kamarajar Port 2001 Ennore Tamil Nadu 38 Adani Group Eastern
15 V.O. Chidambaranar Port Trust 1974 A view of Tuticorin Port.jpg Thoothukkudi Tamil Nadu 36.58 -4.91% ↓ 698 8.02% ↑ Government of India Eastern
16 JSW Dharamtar Port 2012 Alibag Maharastra 34 JSW Group Western
17 Cochin Port Trust 24 February 1964 Container terminal.JPG Kochi Kerala 32.02 16.52% ↑ 735 11.69% ↑ Government of India Western
18 Hazira Port 2013 Hazira Gujarat 30 Adani Group Western
19 Dighi Port 2000 Raigad district Maharashtra 30 Adani Group Eastern
20 Mormugao Port Trust 1985 Mormugao Goa 26.90 -18.94% ↓ 32 6.25% ↑ Government of India Western
21 Dhamra Port 2011 Dhamra Port.jpg Bhadrak district Odisha 25 Adani Group Eastern
22 Gopalpur port 2013 Gopalpur Port.jpg Chhatrapur Odisha 25 Shapoorji Pallonji Group Eastern
23 Gangavaram Port 2009 Gangavaram View.jpg Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 18.04 Adani Group Eastern
24 Kattupalli Port 2012 Kattupalli Tamil Nadu 18 Adani Group Eastern
25 Dahej Port 2010 Bharuch district Gujarat 17.5 Adani Group Western
26 Kakinada Port 1999 Far view of Kakinada port from Beach.jpg East Godavari Andra Pradesh 14 Aurobindo Group Eastern
27 Tuna Port 2022[5] Tuna Gujarat 14 Adani Group Western
28 APM Terminals Pipavav 2002 Pipavav Gujarat 2 -46% ↓ 1.35 Maersk Western
All Ports India 1,234.1 4.77% ↑ 9,138 7.62% ↑ -

Port Handling Equipment[edit]

India has multiple port machinery companies such as Elecon Engg., TRF, McNally Bharat Engineering etc.

Partially opened ports[edit]

These type of ports are partially constructed or undergoing mass expansion due to which they are operating without full capacity.

Name Location Type Ownership
Angré Port Jaigad, Maharashtra Dry/Bulk Chowgule Group
Agardana Shipyard & Terminals Agardanda, Maharashtra Container/Bulk Adani Group
Bedi Port Bedi, Gujarat Container/Bulk Gujarat Maritime Board
Bhavnagar Port Bhavnagar, Gujarat CNG/Bulk Government of Gujarat
Karanja Port[6] Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra Container Mercantile Ports and Logistics (MPL)
JSW Salav Port Salav, Maharashtra Dry/Bulk JSW Infrastructure
Rohini Yard Rohini, Maharashtra Dry/Bulk DAS Offshore Ltd.
Konkan Terminal Dabhol, Maharashtra LNG GAIL

List of terminals[edit]

These are classified as terminals not ports, these can be easily upgraded to container ports

Name Location Status Type Ownership
Bhavnagar Port Bhavnagar, Gujarat under-construction CNG/Bulk Government of Gujarat
Konkan Terminal Dabhol, Maharashtra Completed in 2018 LNG GAIL
Chhara LNG Terminal Chhara, Gujarat under-construction LNG HPCL
Kochi LNG Terminal Kochi, Kerala Completed in 2013 LNG Petronet LNG
Kukrahati LNG Terminal Kukrahati,West Bengal under-construction LNG H-Energy
Jaigad Terminal Jaigad, Maharashtra Completed in 2022 LNG H-Energy
Jafrabad Terminal Jafrabad,Gujarat under-construction LNG Swan Energy
Vadinar Port Vadinar,Gujarat Completed in 1978 Oil Indian Oil

Apart from this there are also LNG Terminals in ports such as Dahej, GAIL Kakinada FSRU, Hazira LNG Terminal, Krishnapatnam FSRU, Mumbai FSRU, Ennore LNG Terminal, Dhamra LNG Terminal, Chennai LNG Terminal etc.

List of ports under-construction[edit]

Location State Status
Belekeri Port Karnataka under construction
Sagar Port West Bengal under construction
Astaranga Port Odisha DPR under preparation.
Mahanadi Riverine Port Odisha DPR under preparation.
Nargol Port Gujarat Gujarat Government invited bids.[7]
Paradip Outer Harbour Odisha DPR under preparation.
Sirkazhi Tamil Nadu Techno Economic Feasibility Report (TEFR) prepared.
Bhavnagar CNG Terminal Gujarat On 28 September 2022 the foundation stone was laid for CNG terminal , the development of CNG Terminal and other terminals occurred at the north-side of existing Bhavnagar Port in December 2019 by the consortium led by Foresight Group, a consortium of London-based Foresight Group, Mumbai-based Padmanabh Mafatlal Group and Rotterdam-based Boskalis signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) for development of the CNG terminal. Bhavnagar Port Infrastructure Pvt Ltd, a special purpose vehicle formed by the consortium to operate the port.
Chhara LNG Terminal Gujarat HPCL Shapoorji Energy Private Limited (HSEPL), the entity which is currently building a 5 MMTPA LNG terminal in Chhara, Gujarat. HSEPL is constructing a 5 MMTPA Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) Terminal at Chhara, Gujarat, at a project cost of about Rs 4,300 crore which is likely to be completed by the end of calendar year 2022. The terminal will have all facilities for receipt of LNG through ocean going tankers, marine unloading, storage, LNG Road Tanker loading, regasification, and supply of regasified LNG to the gas grid.[8]
Kanniyakumari Port Tamil Nadu Major Transhipment Port at Kanyakumari. SPV formed for the purpose – March, 2019.
Dugarajapatnam Port Andhra Pradesh Dugarajapatnam Port is a proposed seaport in Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Construction was expected to start in 2020 and finish in 2023.
Galathea Bay Transhipment Port Great Nicobar DPR has been completed, The proposed port will come at Galathea Bay in Great Nicobar Island of the Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port, Kolkata (SMPK) is the nodal agency for undertaking development of proposed port project in landlord mode.[9][10]
Machilipatnam Port Andhra Pradesh Construction work started on 22 May 2023[11]
Bhavanapadu Port Andhra Pradesh DPR under preparation
Pavinakurve port Karnataka DPR under preparation
JSW Keni Port Karnataka The port at Keni, near Ankola, would be designed to handle 30 million tonnes of cargo per annum.[12]
JSW Nangaon Port Maharashtra Approved in 2016, DPR under preparation
Kalingapatnam Port Andhra Pradesh DPR completed
Ramayapatnam Port Andhra Pradesh DPR completed
Meghavaram Port Andhra Pradesh DPR completed
Vadhavan Port Maharashtra under construction
Simar port Gujarat Completion target 2024
JSW Salav Port Salav, Maharashtra Expansion of existing Salav jetty facility from present 235 m jetty length and 21m mooring dolphin by adding additional jetty length of 500 m to handle cargoes from present 3.0 MPTA to 31.0 MPTA.[13]
Tajpur Port West Bengal DPR under preparation
Tadadi Port Karnataka DPR under preparation
Kakinada Gateway Port[14][15] Andhra Pradesh under construction, Kakinada Gateway Port (KGPL), an arm of Kakinada SEZ, has entered into concession agreement with the Andhra Pradesh government for development of a greenfield commercial port at Kona village in East Godavari district.Kakinada SEZ (KSEZ) is promoted by GMR Infrastructure limited.
Vizhinjam International Seaport Kerala DPR under preparation

References[edit]

  1. "MoS, GoI". Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 March 2019.
  2. "Cabinet gives 'in principle' nod to concept of Sagarmala project". Economic Times, Times of India. 27 March 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  3. 3.0 3.1 India eyes 60 per cent share of global ship recycling business; higher GDP contribution, Economic Times, 30 December 2019.
  4. "Operational Details". Indian Ports Association. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  5. https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/union-cabinet-decision-kutch-to-get-2-new-port-terminals-at-rs-5963-crore-8205351/
  6. Birkett, Holly (19 August 2015). "India's Karanja port project may be underway again". splash247.com. splash247. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
  7. https://www.financialexpress.com/business/infrastructure-deadline-extended-for-global-bids-to-develop-nargol-port-till-third-week-of-february-2405280/#:~:text=The%20proposed%20Nargol%20port%20is%20located%20nearly,approximately%20120%20km%20from%20South%20of%20Surat.
  8. "HPCL buys out Shapoorji Pallonji's stake in Chhara LNG Terminal JV for Rs 397 cr". PSU Watch. 30 March 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  9. https://www.logisticsinsider.in/center-approves-galathea-bay-transhipment-port-bidding-to-start-soon/
  10. https://indiainfrahub.com/2023/featured/nine-players-show-interest-in-international-container-transshipment-port-on-nicobar-island/
  11. https://indiainfrahub.com/2023/featured/andhra-to-get-another-all-weather-greenfield-port-work-on-rs-5156-crore-machilipatnam-port-at-manginapudi-begins-today/
  12. "Karnataka Budget 2023-24: Greenfield ports at Keni and Pavinakurve in Uttara Kannada district under PPP, marina at Byndoor beach". The Hindu. 17 February 2023.
  13. https://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/Online/EDS/01_Apr_2017_1141463105I7UNU3UFormIJSWSalavPort.pdf
  14. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/new-seaport-proposed-at-kona-village-in-eg-district-of-ap/articleshow/66734018.cms
  15. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/kakinada-gateway-port-inks-concession-agreement-to-develop-commercial-port/articleshow/66737963.cms

External links[edit]


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