YouTube

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YouTube, LLC
YouTube Logo 2017.svg
YouTube homepage.png
Screenshot of homepage on November 2, 2022
TypeSubsidiary
Foundation dateFebruary 14, 2005 (2005-02-14)
HeadquartersBKC, Mumbai, India
Area servedWorldwide
Founder(s)
Key peopleKunal Saha (CEO)
T.K. Mehta (Advisor)
IndustryInternet
Video hosting service
EmployeesIncrease 12000+ (2019)
ParentIndipendent (2005–2006)
Facebook (2006–present)
AdvertisingAds & Subscription
RegistrationRequired
LaunchedFebruary 14, 2005; 18 years ago (2005-02-14)
Current statusActive

YouTube is a free video sharing website on the internet. The website lets people upload, view, and share videos. YouTube started on February 14, 2005, by three former workers of PayPal.[1][2] Now, Google (a search engine company) owns and operates YouTube. YouTube now carries paid advertisements on all pages. Channel: Bunty Aur Billy Videos can be rated with likes or dislikes, and viewers can subscribe to channels they like. Videos can be commented on if viewers log into their own accounts. The number of times a video has been watched (known as "views") is shown.

Many different types of videos can be put onto the website, such as educational content, animations, and events.

History[edit]

On February 14, 2005, three former workers of PayPal founded the site. In November 2006, Google bought YouTube. In 2012, an iOS app was created for YouTube. They changed their logo in 2017.

Features[edit]

Videos[edit]

YouTube[3] needed the Adobe Flash Player plug-in to play videos in the past.[4] However, in January 2010, YouTube tried using the built-in features of web browser (HTML5) so people would not need to use Adobe Flash player to watch videos.[5]

All YouTube[6] users can upload 15-minute long videos. Users who have used the site for enough time and follow the rules can upload videos that are 12 hours long. A user needs to verify the account to do this, however.[7] Everyone could upload long videos when YouTube started, but in March 2006 a ten-minute video limit was put in.[8] The limit was changed to 15 minutes in July 2010. Most video formats can be uploaded to YouTube, and videos can also be uploaded from mobile phones.[9]

Banning[edit]

YouTube is blocked in many schools because it allows children to search for videos that might distract them from their lessons. Some other social networking sites and game sites are blocked for the same reason. But at a higher level than schools (and in workplaces), some governments have blocked YouTube access to their country's public. Their reasons vary.

Iran[edit]

On December 3, 2006, the government of Iran blocked YouTube and several other sites to stop films and music from other countries from being seen.[10]

Turkey[edit]

Turkey blocked YouTube on March 6, 2007, for letting videos that were mean or discriminating to Turks and Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey, to be shown. Because of a "virtual war" between Greeks, Armenians, Kurds and Turks on YouTube, people from each side posted videos to hurt the other.[11] The video that caused the banning said that Turks and Atatürk were gay. The video was first mentioned on Turkish CNN and the Istanbul public prosecutor sued YouTube for being mean to Turkishness.[12] The court suspended access to YouTube while waiting for the removal of the video. The ban was criticized a lot. YouTube lawyers sent proof of removal to court and users could access the website again on March 9, 2007.[13]

Thailand[edit]

During the week of March 8, YouTube was blocked in Thailand.[14] Many bloggers (people who have a "diary" online) believed the reason YouTube was blocked was because of a video of the former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra's speech on CNN. However, the government did not confirm or give reasons for the ban. YouTube was unblocked on March 10.

On the night of April 3, YouTube was again blocked in Thailand.[15] The government said it was because of a video on the site that it said was "insulting" to King Bhumibol Adulyadej.[16] The Ministry of Information and Communication Technology claimed that it would unblock YouTube in a few days, after websites with references to this video are blocked instead of the entire website.[17] Communications Minister Sitthichai Pookaiyaudom said, "When they decide to withdraw the clip, we will withdraw the ban."[18] Soon after this incident the internet technology blog Mashable was banned from Thailand over the reporting of the YouTube clips in question.[19]

Brazilian model lawsuit and banning that came after[edit]

YouTube is being sued by Brazilian model and MTV VJ Daniela Cicarelli (better known as Ronaldo's ex-fiancée) because she says that the site is making available a video footage made by a paparazzi (or celebrity photographer) in which she and her boyfriend are having sex on a Spanish beach. The lawsuit says that YouTube has to be blocked in Brazil until all copies of the video are removed. On Saturday, January 6, 2007, a legal injunction (command) ordered that filters be put in place to prevent users in Brazil from going to the website.[20][21]

The effectiveness of the measure has been questioned, since the video is not available only on YouTube, but rather has become an Internet phenomenon. On Tuesday, January 9, 2007, the same court overturned their earlier decision, ordering the filters to be taken down, even though the footage was still forbidden, but without technical support for its blockage.[22]

Morocco[edit]

On May 25, 2007, the state-owned company Maroc Telecom blocked all access to YouTube.[23] There were no reasons given why YouTube was blocked. But the guesses are that it might have something to do with some pro-separatist group Polisario clips (Polisario is the Western Sahara independence movement) or because of some videos that criticized King Mohammed VI. This block did not concern the other two private internet-providers, Wana and Meditel. YouTube became accessible again on May 30, 2007, after Maroc Telecom unofficially announced that the denied access to the website was only a "technical glitch".[24]

Australia[edit]

In Australia, some schools, including all secondary schools in Victoria, have YouTube blocked from student access, after fights have been posted on YouTube.

China[edit]

Currently in China, the government has blocked YouTube. For several years, it has been unblocked but since the past five years it has been blocked.[25][26][27][28]

Terms of service[edit]

According the site's terms of service,[29] users may upload videos only if they have the permission of the copyright holder and of the people in the video. Pornography, defamation, harassment, commercials and videos that encourage criminal conduct may not be uploaded. The uploader gives YouTube permission to give out and change the uploaded video for any purpose, and they do not have permission anymore when the uploader deletes the video from the site. Users may view videos on the site but are not allowed to save them on their computers.

Localization[edit]

On June 19, 2007, Google CEO Eric Schmidt was in Paris to launch the new localization system.[30] The interface of the website is available with localized versions in 90 countries, and a worldwide version.[31]

Testing language[edit]

The interface of the YouTube website is available in 76 language versions including, Albanian, Amharic, Armenian, Bengali, Burmese, Khmer, Kyrgyz, Laotian, Mongolian, Persian and Uzbek, which do have local channel versions.

References[edit]

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  2. "YouTube aims to show music videos". BBC. August 16, 2006.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Google launches YouTube Chile March 19, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
  4. Fildes, Jonathan (October 5, 2009). "Flash moves on to smart phones". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved November 30, 2009.
  5. "YouTube HTML5 Video Player". Youtube. Youtube. Retrieved April 12, 2011.
  6. "Google launches YouTube Chile".
  7. "Upload videos longer than 15 minutes". Youtube. Youtube. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
  8. Fisher, Ken (March 29, 2006). "YouTube caps video lengths to reduce infringement". Ars Technica. Condé. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  9. "Supported YouTube file formats". Youtube. Youtube. Retrieved December 4, 2008.
  10. "Censorship fears rise as Iran blocks access to top websites". The Guardian. November 4, 2006. Retrieved December 17, 2006.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. "Turkey pulls plug on YouTube over Atatürk 'insults'". The Guardian. March 7, 2007. Retrieved March 7, 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. "Turkey bans YouTube". March 8, 2007. Archived from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2007. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  13. "Turkey revokes YouTube ban". The Age. March 9, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. "YouTube seems blocked in Thailand 2bangkok.com". March 10, 2007. Archived from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2007. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  15. "YouTube Blocked Again" (in Thai). April 4, 2007. Retrieved April 4, 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. "For some users, YouTube disappears". April 4, 2007. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved April 4, 2007. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  17. "YouTube to help block web access to pages insulting King". April 2007.
  18. "Whose Tube?". The Economist. April 14, 2004. p. 71. Retrieved April 16, 2007.
  19. Cashmore, Pete (April 18, 2004). "Mashable.com Banned in Thailand". Mashable.
  20. http://www.totalsecurity.com.br/article.php?sid=2768&order=0
  21. http://www.radiofandango.com.br/archive/valor.php?noticia=3720
  22. "Justiça determina liberação do YouTube". Terra (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on February 20, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
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  24. "YouTube again accessible via Maroc Telecom". rsf.org. Archived from the original on June 1, 2007. Retrieved May 30, 2007. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  25. "Youku Transcends YouTube as China Becomes Center of Internet". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved September 22, 2015.
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  28. "China Blocks YouTube". PC World. October 18, 2007. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
  29. YouTube Terms of Use, accessed May 5, 2007
  30. 30.00 30.01 30.02 30.03 30.04 30.05 30.06 30.07 30.08 30.09 30.10 Sayer, Peter (June 19, 2007). "Google launches YouTube France News". PC Advisor. Retrieved August 3, 2009.
  31. "YouTube homepage (See the localisation section below)". Retrieved February 9, 2015.
  32. "google account recovery form" [YouTube México launched today] (in Spanish). El Universal. October 11, 2007. Retrieved September 9, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link){{|date=February 2014}}
  33. "中文上線 – YouTube 香港中文版登場!". Stanley5. October 17, 2007. Retrieved January 2, 2012.
  34. "youtube downloader". ZDNet. October 18, 2007. Retrieved January 2, 2012.
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  46. 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 46.4 46.5 46.6 "YouTube Launches Local Version For Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia and Yemen". ArabCrunch. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
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  49. "YouTube Officially Launches in Singapore". Tech in Asia. October 19, 2011. Retrieved July 9, 2017.
  50. Google launches YouTube Belgique November 11, 2011. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
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  52. Google Launches YouTube Uganda December 2, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  53. Google to Launch YouTube Nigeria Today December 7, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  54. Google Launches Hungarian YouTube March 12, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
  55. YouTube Launches Local Domain For Malaysia March 22, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
  56. YouTube Peru Launched, Expansion continues March 27, 2012. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
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  71. "Google lança versão lusa do YouTube". Portugal: Luso Noticias. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
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  73. Google launches YouTube Bosna i Hercegovina March 17, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  74. Ивелина Атанасова (March 18, 2014). "YouTube рекламата става достъпна и за България" (in Bulgarian). New Trend. Retrieved April 5, 2014. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help); External link in |author= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  75. "Oglašavanje na video platformi YouTube od sad dostupno i u Hrvatskoj" (in Croatian). Lider. March 19, 2014. Retrieved April 5, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
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  78. Google launches YouTube Lietuva March 17, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  79. Google launches YouTube Македонија March 17, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  80. Google launches YouTube Црна Гора March 17, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  81. Google launches YouTube Србија March 17, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
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  83. Asina Pornwasin (April 3, 2014). "YouTube introduces homepage especially". The Nation. Retrieved April 4, 2014.
  84. Google launches YouTube Puerto Rico August 23, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  85. Google launches YouTube Việt Nam October 1, 2014. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
  86. Google launches YouTube ليبيا February 1, 2015. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  87. Google launches YouTube Ísland June 2, 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  88. Google launches YouTube Luxembourg June 2, 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  89. Google launches YouTube Tanzania June 2, 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  90. Google launches YouTube Zimbabwe June 2, 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2015.

External links[edit]