Elections in Kerala: Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by Arjun Madathiparambil Muraleedharan
Last edited March 25, 2026
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
>Rlink2
m →State Legislative Assembly Elections: Filling completely bare references Wikipedia:Bare_URLs
add intro to improve readability
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|none}} <!-- This short description is INTENTIONALLY "none" - please see WP:SDNONE before you consider changing it! -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
[[File:IN-KL.svg|thumb|right|200px|Kerala]]
[[File:IN-KL.svg|thumb|right|200px|Kerala]]
'''Elections in Kerala''' are regularly held to fill government officials at all levels of government in both [[Kerala]] and [[India]] as a whole. These range from national elections to regional local body or ''[[panchayat]]'' elections.
'''Elections in Kerala''' are regularly held to appoint government officials at various levels, both within the state of [[Keralam]] and in [[India]] as a whole. These elections encompass national elections as well as regional elections for local bodies and ''[[Panchayati raj in India|panchayats]]''.


The [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Assembly of Kerala]] can create laws regarding the conduct of local body elections unilaterally while any changes by the state legislature to the conduct of state level elections need to be approved by the [[Parliament of India]]. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to [[President's rule|Article 356 of the Indian Constitution]] and President's rule may be imposed.
The [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Kerala Assembly]] has the authority to enact laws concerning the conduct of local body elections independently. However, any modifications made by the state legislature to the procedures of state-level elections require approval from the [[Parliament of India]]. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to [[President's rule|Article 356 of the Indian Constitution]] and President's rule may be imposed.


State Election Commission prepares the electoral rolls of Panchayats, Municipalities and Municipal Corporation and conduct their elections. The State Election Commissioner is also the Chairman of the Delimitation Commission.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Messages|url=http://sec.kerala.gov.in/index.php/messages/118-messages#:~:text=(i)%20Conduct%20of%20elections%20to,no-confidence%20motion%20against%20them.&text=(iii)%20Determination%20of%20disqualification%20of,on%20the%20ground%20of%20defection.|access-date=2020-09-11|website=sec.kerala.gov.in}}</ref>
The [[Election Commission of India]] (ECI) prepares the electoral rolls for elections to the [[Parliament of India]] ([[Lok Sabha]]) and the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]], and conducts these elections.


== State Legislative Assembly Elections ==
[[Kerala State Election Commission]] (SEC) prepares the electoral rolls of Panchayats, Municipalities and Municipal Corporations and conduct their elections. The State Election Commissioner is also the Chairman of the Delimitation Commission.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Messages|url=http://sec.kerala.gov.in/index.php/messages/118-messages#:~:text=(i)%20Conduct%20of%20elections%20to,no-confidence%20motion%20against%20them.&text=(iii)%20Determination%20of%20disqualification%20of,on%20the%20ground%20of%20defection.|access-date=2020-09-11|website=sec.kerala.gov.in}}</ref>
 
==Types of elections==
Elections in Kerala include elections for:
*[[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|Members of Parliament]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] (Upper House)
*[[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Members of Parliament]] in the [[Lok Sabha]] (Lower House)
*[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Members]] of the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] (State Assembly)
* Members of [[Local government in Kerala|local governance bodies]] ([[List of municipal corporations in Kerala|municipal bodies]] and [[Panchayati raj|panchayats]])
*A by-election is held when the seat-holder of a particular constituency dies, resigns, or is disqualified.


State-level elections are held to fill the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kerala.gov.in/history-of-kerala-legislature|title=History of kerala legislature - Government of Kerala, India|website=kerala.gov.in|access-date=2019-05-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.keralaassembly.org/ |title = Kerala Assembly Election DATABASE}}</ref> The latest Assembly elections were held on 16 May 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Assembly Election Schedule 2016|url=http://www.electioncommissionindia.in/2016/04/kerala-election-results-kerala-live.html|work=Election Commission India}}</ref>
== Lok Sabha elections ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
[[File:View of Lok Sabha chamber in the New Parliament building, New Delhi.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Lok Sabha]] (Lower House of the Indian Parliament)]]
[[Member of Parliament (India)|Members of parliament]] in the [[Lok Sabha]] (Lower House) from [[Kerala]] are directly elected by being voted upon by all adult citizens of the state from a set of candidates who stand in their respective constituencies. Every adult citizen of Kerala can vote only in their constituency. Candidates who win the Lok Sabha elections are called "[[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Members of Parliament]]" and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the [[president of India]] on the advice of the [[Union Council of Ministers|council of ministers]]. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chamber of the [[Sansad Bhavan]] in [[New Delhi]] on matters relating to the creation of new laws or removing or improving the existing laws that affect all citizens of India. Elections take place once every five years to elect 20 members from Kerala.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eci.gov.in/elections/term-of-houses/|title=Terms of the Houses|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=5 April 2021}}</ref> The leader of the majority party or alliance in the country takes oath as [[prime minister of India]]. [[List of Indian general elections|Indian General Elections]] in Kerala has been mainly contested between two political parties since the formation of the state. The [[Indian National Congress]] which currently leads [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front (UDF)]] alliance and the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] which currently leads [[Left Democratic Front|Left Democratic Front (LDF)]] alliance. The [[Indian National Congress]] has been in lead, 11 out of 16 election from 1957 in Kerala.
<br>
The elections for both [[Lok Sabha]] and [[Rajya Sabha]] are conducted by the [[Election Commission of India]] (ECI).
<div class="overflowbugx" style="overflow-x:auto;">
{|class="wikitable"
|+style="text-align:left;"|Legislative Assembly election results
|-
|[[File:Kerala Constituency wise Loksabha Results 2009.svg|center|thumb|250px|[[15th Lok Sabha]] ([[2009 Indian general election in Kerala|2009]])]]
|[[File:Kerala Constituency wise Loksabha Results 2014.svg|center|thumb|250px|[[16th Lok Sabha]] ([[2014 Indian general election in Kerala|2014]])]]
|[[File:Constituency wise Loksabha Results 2019 - Kerala.svg|center|thumb|250px|[[17th Lok Sabha]] ([[2019 Indian general election in Kerala|2019]])]]
|[[File:2024 Lok Sabha Kerala Result Map.svg|center|thumb|280px|[[18th Lok Sabha]] ([[2024 Indian general election in Kerala|2024]])]]
|}
</div>
===Party Wise Results===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Lok Sabha
! Election Year
! colspan="2"|1st Party
! colspan="2"|2nd Party
! colspan="2"|3rd Party
! colspan="2"|4th Party
! Others
! Total Seats
|-
|[[2nd Lok Sabha]]
|[[1957 Indian general election in Kerala|1957]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 9
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 6
|style="background-color: {{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}"|
|[[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]] 1
|
|
|[[Independent (politician)|Ind]] 2
|18
|-
|-
! Year !! Winning Party / Coalition!! Seats
|[[3rd Lok Sabha]]
won
|[[1962 Indian general election in Kerala|1962]]
!Runner up!! Seats won !! Others
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
!Chief Minister
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 6
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 5
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}"|
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]] 1
|[[Independent (politician)|Ind]] 3
|17
|-
|-
|[[1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1957]] ||[[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)|| 60
|[[4th Lok Sabha]]
|[[Indian National Congress]] (INC)|| 43 || 9
|[[1967 Indian general election in Kerala|1967]]
|[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 9
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 3
|style="background-color: {{party color|Samyukta Socialist Party}}"|
|[[Samyukta Socialist Party|SSP]] 3
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 1, [[Independent (politician)|Ind]] 1
|19
|-
|-
|[[1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1960]] || INC + [[Praja Socialist Party]] (PSP)|| 83
|[[5th Lok Sabha]]
|CPI|| 29 || 11
|[[1971 Indian general election in Kerala|1971]]
|[[Pattom Thanu Pillai]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress (R)}}"|
 
|[[Indian National Congress (R)|INC(R)]] 6
[[R. Sankar]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 3
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress|KC]] 3
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 2
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]] 2, [[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2, [[Independent (politician)|Ind]] 1
|19
|-
|-
|[[1965 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1965]]  
|[[6th Lok Sabha]]
|CPI(M) + [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (IUML) + [[Samyukta Socialist Party]] (SSP)
|[[1977 Indian general election in Kerala|1977]]
|59
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
| rowspan="2" |INC
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 9
|43
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|31
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 4
|[[President's rule|President's Rule]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress|KC]] 2
|[[Indian Congress (Socialist)|IC (S)]] 1, [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]] 1
|19
|-
|-
|[[1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || [[United Front (1967-69, Kerala)|United Front (1967-69)]]|| 104|| 9 || 20
|[[7th Lok Sabha]]
|E. M. S. Namboodiripad
|[[1980 Indian general election in Kerala|1980]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 6
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress|INC (I)]] 4
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress (U)}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress (U)|INC (U)]] 3
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 2
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2, [[Kerala Congress|KC]] 2, [[Independent (politician)|Ind]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1970]]|| rowspan="2" | [[United Front (1970-79, Kerala)|United Front (1970-79)]] || 72
|[[8th Lok Sabha]]
| rowspan="2" | CPI(M)
|[[1984 Indian general election in Kerala|1984]]
| 29 || 31
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[C. Achutha Menon]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 13
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (Jacob)|KC (J)]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 1
|[[Indian Congress (Socialist)|IC (S)]] 1, [[Janata Party|JP]] 1,
|20
|-
|-
|[[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1977]]|| 111 || 17 || 20
|[[9th Lok Sabha]]
|[[K. Karunakaran]]
|[[1989 Indian general election in Kerala|1989]]
 
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
[[A. K. Antony|A. K. Anthony]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 14
 
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
[[P. K. Vasudevan Nair]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 2
 
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
''President's Rule''
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (M)|KC (M)]] 1
|[[Indian Congress (Socialist)|IC (S)]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1980]] ||[[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|Left Democratic Front]] (LDF) (with [[Kerala Congress]] and [[Indian National Congress (Urs)]])|| 93
|[[10th Lok Sabha]]
|UDF
|[[1991 Indian general election in Kerala|1991]]
| 46 || 1
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[E. K. Nayanar]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 13
K. Karunakaran
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
 
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 3
''President's Rule''
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (M)|KC (M)]] 1
|[[Indian Congress (Socialist)|IC (S)]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1982]]||[[United Democratic Front (India)|United Democratic Front]] (UDF) || 77
|[[11th Lok Sabha]]
|LDF
|[[1996 Indian general election in Kerala|1996]]
| 63 || 0
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|K. Karunakaran
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 7
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 5
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|[[Janata Dal|JD]] 1, [[Kerala Congress (M)|KC (M)]] 1, [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]] 1, [[Independent (politician)|Ind]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1987]]||LDF|| 78
|[[12th Lok Sabha]]
|UDF
|[[1998 Indian general election in Kerala|1998]]
| 61 || 1
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|E. K. Nayanar
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 8
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 4
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|[[Kerala Congress (M)|KC (M)]] 1, [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]] 1, [[Independent (politician)|Ind]] 2
|20
|-
|-
|[[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1991]]||UDF
|[[13th Lok Sabha]]
| 90
|[[1999 Indian general election in Kerala|1999]]
|LDF
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
| 48 || 2
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 8
|K. Karunakaran
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 4
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (M)|KC(M)]] 1
|[[Kerala Congress|KC]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1996]]||LDF
|[[14th Lok Sabha]]
| 80
|[[2004 Indian general election in Kerala|2004]]
|UDF
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
| 59 || 1
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 12
|E. K. Nayanar
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 3
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 1
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (Jacob)|KC(J)]] 1
|[[Indian Federal Democratic Party|IFDP]] 1, [[Janata Dal (Secular)|JD(S)]] 1, [[Independent (politician)|Ind]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2001]]||UDF
|[[15th Lok Sabha]]
| 99
|[[2009 Indian general election in Kerala|2009]]
|LDF
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
| 40 || 1
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 13
|A. K. Anthony
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
[[Oommen Chandy]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 4
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (M)|KC(M)]] 1
|  –
|20
|-
|-
|[[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2006]] ||LDF
|[[16th Lok Sabha]]
| 98
|[[2014 Indian general election in Kerala|2014]]
|UDF
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
| 42 || 0
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 8
|[[V. S. Achuthanandan]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 7
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] 1
|[[Kerala Congress|KC]] 1, [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011]] ||UDF
|[[17th Lok Sabha]]
| 72
|[[2019 Indian general election in Kerala|2019]]
|LDF
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
| 68 || 0
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 15
|[[Oommen Chandy]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 1
|style="background-color:{{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}"|
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]] 1
|[[Kerala Congress (M)|KC(M)]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2016]] ||LDF
|[[18th Lok Sabha]]
| 91
|[[2024 Indian general election in Kerala|2024]]
|UDF
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
| 47 || 2
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] 14
|[[Pinarayi Vijayan]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]] 2
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 1
|style="background-color:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] 1
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]] 1, [[Kerala Congress|KC]] 1
|20
|-
|-
|[[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]] ||LDF
| 99
|UDF
| 41 || 0
|[[Pinarayi Vijayan]]
! colspan="6" |''Scheduled<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-29|title=What will force Mr Modi to change course will be the outcome of the state elections in 2020-21|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/bjp-cms-assembly-elections-narendra-modi-amit-shah-6189263/|access-date=2020-09-12|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>''
|}
|}


== Lok Sabha elections ==
===Alliance Wise Results===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center
!Year
!Year
!Lok Sabha Election
!Lok Sabha Election
!
!colspan="2"|1st Alliance
!Winning Party/Coalition
!Seats won
!Seats won
!
!colspan="2"|2nd Alliance
!Runnerup
!Seats won
!Seats won
!Other parties
!Other parties
!Seats won
!Seats won
|-
|[[1951–52 Indian general election|1951]]
|1st
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|6
|style="background-color: {{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}" |
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
|1
|TTC/[[Independent politician|Independents]]
|1 / 3
|-
|-
|[[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
|[[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
|2nd
|2nd
|style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|9
|9
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|Indian National Congress
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|6
|6
|[[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]]/Independents
|[[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]]/[[Independent (politician)|Independents]]
|1 / 2
|1 / 2
|-
|-
|[[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
|[[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
|3rd
|3rd
| rowspan="4" style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
|INC/PSP/[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]/[[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]]/[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]]
|8
|8
|style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|CPI
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|6
|6
|RSP/ Independents
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|RSP]]/ [[Independent (politician)|Independents]]
|1 / 3
|1 / 3
|-
|-
|[[1967 Indian general election|1967]]
|[[1967 Indian general election|1967]]
|4th
|4th
|[[United Front (1967-69, Kerala)|United Front]] (1967–69)
|style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|[[United Front (1967-69, Kerala)|United Front]]
|17
|17
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|INC
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1
|rowspan="2" |[[Independent (politician)|Independents]]
|1
|1
| rowspan="3" |Independents
|2
|-
|-
|[[1971 Indian general election|1971]]
|[[1971 Indian general election|1971]]
|5th
|5th
| rowspan="2" |[[United Front (1970-79, Kerala)|United Front]] (1970–79)
| rowspan=2 style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[United Front (1970-79, Kerala)|United Front]]
|16
|16
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" |
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" |
Line 185: Line 327:
|20
|20
|0
|0
!rowspan="8" |
|0
|0
|-
|-
Line 191: Line 334:
| style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
|[[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]]
|[[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]]
|10
|12
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
|[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]]
|[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]]
|8
|8
! rowspan="11" |
|0
|2
|-
|-
|[[1984 Indian general election|1984]]  
|[[1984 Indian general election|1984]]  
|8th
|8th
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="6" style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="3" |UDF
| rowspan="6" |[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]]
|17
|18
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="6" style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="3" |LDF
| rowspan="6" |[[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]]
|1
|2
|2
|0
|-
|-
|[[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
|[[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
Line 222: Line 364:
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|11th
|11th
| style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
|LDF
|10
|10
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
|UDF
|10
|10
|0
|0
Line 232: Line 370:
|[[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
|[[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
|12th
|12th
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="2" |UDF
|11
|11
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="2" |LDF
|9
|9
|0
|0
Line 249: Line 383:
|14th
|14th
| style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
|LDF
|[[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]]
|18
|18
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
|UDF
|[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]]
|1
|1
|[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|1
|1
|-
|-
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|15th
|15th
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="4" style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="3" |UDF
| rowspan="4" |[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]]
|16
|16
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="4" style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| rowspan="3" |LDF
| rowspan="4" |[[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]]
|4
|4
!rowspan="3" |
|0
|0
|-
|-
Line 277: Line 413:
|1
|1
|0
|0
|-
|[[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
|18th
|18
|1
|[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
|1
|}
== State Legislative Assembly Elections ==
[[File:Inside View of Kerala Legislative Assembly.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] (State assembly]]
[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Members]] of the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] are directly elected by being voted upon by all adult citizens of the state from a set of candidates who stand in their respective constituencies. Every adult citizen of [[Kerala]] can vote only in their constituency. Candidates who win the legislative assembly elections are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly" and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the [[governor of Kerala]] on the advice of the [[Kerala Council of Ministers|council of ministers]]. The house meets in the Assembly Chamber of the [[Niyamasabha Mandiram|Chief Secretariat]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]] on matters relating to the creation of new laws or removing or improving the existing laws that affect all citizens of Kerala. Elections take place once every five years to elect 140 members to the legislative assembly. The leader of the majority party or alliance takes oath as [[chief minister of Kerala]].
{| class="wikitable"
! Year
! Election
! Chief Minister
! colspan="2" | Ruling Party
|-
|1957
|[[1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1st Assembly]]
|[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}
|-
|1962
|[[1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2nd Assembly]]
|[[Pattom A. Thanu Pillai]]
|{{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|-
|1965
|[[1965 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|No Majority]]
|
! style="background-color: grey |
|No party won a majority
|-
|1967
|[[1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|3rd Assembly]]
|[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|1971
|[[1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|4th Assembly]]
|[[C. Achutha Menon]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}
|-
|1977
|[[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|5th Assembly]]
|[[K. Karunakaran]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1980
|[[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|6th Assembly]]
|[[E. K. Nayanar]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|1982
|[[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|7th Assembly]]
|[[K. Karunakaran]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1987
|[[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|8th Assembly]]
|[[E. K. Nayanar]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|1991
|[[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|9th Assembly]]
|[[K. Karunakaran]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1996
|[[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|10th Assembly]]
|[[E. K. Nayanar]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|2001
|[[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|11th Assembly]]
|[[A. K. Antony]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|2006
|[[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|12th Assembly]]
|[[V. S. Achuthanandan]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|2011
|[[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|13th Assembly]]
|[[Oommen Chandy]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|2016
|[[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|14th Assembly]]
|rowspan=2|[[Pinarayi Vijayan]]
|{{Full party name with color|rowspan=2|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|2021
|[[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|15th Assembly]]
|-
|2026
|16th Assembly
|
|
|
|}
===Party wise election results===
<div class="overflowbugx" style="overflow-x:auto;">
{|class="wikitable"
|+style="text-align:left;"|Legislative Assembly election results
|-
|[[File:2011 Kerala election result.svg|center|thumb|300px|[[13th Kerala Assembly|13th Assembly]] ([[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011]])]]
|[[File:2016 Kerala election result.svg|center|thumb|300px|[[14th Kerala Assembly|14th Assembly]] ([[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2016]])]]
|[[File:2021 Kerala election result.svg|center|thumb|300px|[[15th Kerala Assembly|15th Assembly]] ([[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]])]]
|}
</div>
State-level elections are held to fill the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kerala.gov.in/history-of-kerala-legislature|title=History of kerala legislature – Government of Kerala, India|website=kerala.gov.in|access-date=2019-05-24|archive-date=14 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814235820/https://kerala.gov.in/history-of-kerala-legislature|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.keralaassembly.org/ |title = Kerala Assembly Election DATABASE}}</ref> The latest Assembly elections were held on 6 April 2021.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Assembly Election Schedule 2016|url=http://www.electioncommissionindia.in/2016/04/kerala-election-results-kerala-live.html|work=Election Commission India}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2"|Election Year
! colspan="3"|1st Party
! colspan="3"|2nd Party
! colspan="3"|3rd Party
! colspan="3"|4th Party
! rowspan="2"|Others
! rowspan="2"|Total Seats
|-
! colspan="2"|Party
!Seats
! colspan="2"|Party
!Seats
! colspan="2"|Party
!Seats
! colspan="2"|Party
!Seats
|-
![[1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|60
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|43
|style="background-color: {{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}"|
|[[Praja Socialist Party]]
|9
|
|
|
|14
!126
|-
![[1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1960]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|63
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|29
|style="background-color: {{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}"|
|[[Praja Socialist Party]]
|20
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|11
|3
!126
|-
![[1965 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1965]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|40
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|36
|style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress]]
|23
|style="background-color: {{party color|Samyukta Socialist Party}}"|
|[[Samyukta Socialist Party]]
|13
|21
!133
|-
![[1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|52
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|19
|style="background-color: {{party color|Samyukta Socialist Party}}"|
|[[Samyukta Socialist Party]]
|19
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|14
|29
!133
|-
![[1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1970]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|30
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|29
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|16
|style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress]]
|12
|46
!133
|-
![[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|38
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|23
|style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress]]
|20
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|17
|42
!140
|-
![[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|35
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress (U)}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress (U)]]
|21
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|17
|style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]] (I)
|17
|50
!140
|-
![[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1982]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|28
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]] (I)
|20
|style="background-color:{{party color|Congress (A)}}"|
|[[Congress (A)]]
|15
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|14
|63
!140
|-
![[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|38
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|33
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|16
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|15
|38
!140
|-
![[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|55
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|28
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|19
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|12
|26
!140
|-
![[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|40
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|37
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|18
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|13
|32
!140
|-
![[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|63
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|24
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|16
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (M)]]
|9
|28
!140
|-
![[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|61
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|24
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|17
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|7
|31
!140
|-
![[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|44
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|39
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|20
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|13
|24
!140
|-
![[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|58
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|22
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|19
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|18
|23
!140
|-
![[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|62
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|21
|style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|17
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|15
|25
!140
|}
===Alliance wise results===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! colspan="2"| Winning Party / Coalition
! Seats won
! colspan="2"| Opposition party/ Coalition
! Seats won
! Others
! Chief Minister <br> (Party)
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan=9|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1957.svg|150px]]
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India}};|
| [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)
| 60
! style="background:{{Party color|Indian National Congress}};|
|[[Indian National Congress]] (INC)
| 43
|rowspan="2"| 9
|rowspan="2"|[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]<br>([[Communist Party of India|CPI]])
|-
|style="background:#E9E9E9";|
|Independent
|5
! style="background:{{Party color|Praja Socialist Party}};|
|[[Praja Socialist Party]] (PSP)
|9
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan=9|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1960.svg|150px]]
|-
! style="background:{{Party color|Praja Socialist Party}};|
|[[Praja Socialist Party]] (PSP)
|20
!rowspan="3" style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India}};|
|rowspan="3"| [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)
|rowspan="3"| 29
|rowspan="3"| 3
|rowspan="3"| [[Pattom Thanu Pillai]] <br> ([[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]])
|-
! style="background:{{Party color|Indian National Congress}};|
|[[Indian National Congress]] (INC)
| 63
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Indian Union Muslim League}};|
| [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (IUML)
| 12
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1965 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
|colspan="9"|[[President's rule|President's Rule]]<br /> No single party could form a ministry commanding majority and hence this election is considered abortive.
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan=9|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1967.svg|150px]]
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPI(M))
| 52
!rowspan="2" style="background:{{Party color|Indian National Congress}};|
|rowspan="2"|[[Indian National Congress]] (INC)
|rowspan="2"| 9
|rowspan="4"| 15
|rowspan="4"|[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]<br>([[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]])
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India}};|
| [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)
| 19
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Samyukta Socialist Party}};|
|[[Samyukta Socialist Party]] (SSP)
|19
!rowspan="2" style="background:{{Party color|Kerala Congress}};|
|rowspan="2"|[[Kerala Congress]] (KC)
|rowspan="2"| 5
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Indian Union Muslim League}};|
| [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (IUML)
| 14
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan=9|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1970.svg|150px]]
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India}};|
| [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)
| 16
|rowspan="7" style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};|
|rowspan="7"| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPI(M))
|rowspan="7"| 29
|rowspan="7"| 19
|rowspan="7"| [[C. Achutha Menon]]<br>[[Communist Party of India|(CPI)]]
|-
! style="background:{{Party color|Indian National Congress}};|
|[[Indian National Congress]] (INC)
| 30
|-
!style="background:{{Party color|Kerala Congress}};|
|[[Kerala Congress]] (KC)
| 12
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Indian Union Muslim League}};|
| [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (IUML)
| 11
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}};|
| [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]] (RSP)
| 6
|-
! style="background:{{Party color|Praja Socialist Party}};|
|[[Praja Socialist Party]] (PSP)
|3
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Socialist Party}};|
| [[Socialist Party]] (SP)
| 1
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1977.svg|150px]]
|-
! style="background:{{Party color|Indian National Congress}};|
|[[Indian National Congress]] (INC)
| 38
|rowspan="2 "style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};|
|rowspan="2"| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPI(M))
|rowspan="2"| 17
|rowspan="6"|0
|rowspan="6"|[[K. Karunakaran]]<br>[[Indian National Congress|(INC)]]
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India}};|
| [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)
| 23
|-
!style="background:{{Party color|Kerala Congress}};|
|[[Kerala Congress]] (KC)
| 20
!style="background:{{Party color|Bharatiya Lok Dal}};|
|[[Bharatiya Lok Dal]] (KC)
| 6
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Indian Union Muslim League}};|
| [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (IUML)
| 13
|style="background:{{party color|All-India Muslim League}};|
| [[All India Muslim League]] (AIML)
| 3
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}};|
| [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]] (RSP)
| 9
|style="background:{{Party color|Kerala Congress (B)}};|
| [[Kerala Congress (B)]] (KC(B))
| 6
|-
|style="background:#E9E9E9";|
|Independents
|8
| style="background:#E9E9E9";|
|Independents
|1
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1980.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
! 93
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
! 46
|rowspan="8"|0
|rowspan="8"| [[E. K. Nayanar]]<br />[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPI(M))
| 35
! style="background:{{Party color|Indian National Congress}};|
|[[Indian National Congress]] (INC)
| 17
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Communist Party of India}};|
| [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI)
| 17
|style="background:{{Party color|Indian Union Muslim League}};|
| [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (IUML)
| 14
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Indian National Congress (U)}};|
| [[Indian National Congress (U)]] (INC(U))
| 21
|style="background:{{Party color|Kerala Congress (Jacob)}};|
| [[Kerala Congress (Jacob)]] (KC(J))
| 6
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Kerala Congress (B)}};|
| [[Kerala Congress (B)]] (KC(B))
| 1
|style="background:{{Party color|Janata Party}};|
| [[Janata Party]] (JP)
| 5
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Kerala Congress (M)}};|
| [[Kerala Congress (M)]] (KC(M))
| 8
! style="background:{{Party color|Praja Socialist Party}};|
|[[Praja Socialist Party]] (PSP)
|1
|-
|style="background:{{Party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}};|
| [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]] (RSP)
| 6
|rowspan="2" style="background:#E9E9E9";|
|rowspan="2"|Independents
|rowspan="2"|4
|-
|style="background:{{party color|All-India Muslim League}};|
| [[All India Muslim League]] (AIML)
| 5
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1982.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''77'''
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''63'''
|0
| [[K. Karunakaran]]<br />[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1987.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''78'''
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''61'''
|1
| [[E. K. Nayanar]]<br />[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1991.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''90'''
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''48'''
|2
| [[K. Karunakaran]]<br />[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|-
!colspan="9"| [[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 1996.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''80'''
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''59'''
|1
|  [[E. K. Nayanar]]<br />[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
|-
!colspan="9"| [[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 2001.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''99'''
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''40'''
|1
| [[A. K. Antony]]<br />[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|-
!colspan="9"| [[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Legislative Assembly 2006.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''98'''
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
| style="text-align: center;"| '''42'''
|0
|  [[V. S. Achuthanandan]]<br />[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
|-
!colspan="9"| [[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:India Kerala Parliament 2011.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
! style="text-align: center;"| '''72'''
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
! style="text-align: center;"| '''68'''
|rowspan="7"|1
|rowspan="7"| [[Oommen Chandy]]<br />[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|38
|bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|45
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}" |
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|20
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|13
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}" |
|[[Kerala Congress (M)]]
|9
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}" |
|[[Janata Dal (Secular)]]
|4
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Janata (Democratic)}}" |
|[[Socialist Janata (Democratic)]]
|2
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Independent politician|Independents]]
|2
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress (B)}}" |
|[[Kerala Congress (B)]]
|1
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|2
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}" |
|[[Kerala Congress (Jacob)]]
|1
|bgcolor="{{party color|Revolutionary Marxist Party of India}}"|
|[[Revolutionary Marxist Party of India]]
|2
|-
!colspan="9"| [[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:Kerala Assembly 2016 Seat Status.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
! style="text-align: center;"| 91
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
! style="text-align: center;"| 47
|rowspan="10"|2
|rowspan="10"|  [[Pinarayi Vijayan]]<br />[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" |
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|58
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|22
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|19
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}" |
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|18
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}" |
|[[Janata Dal (Secular)]]
|3
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}" |
|[[Kerala Congress (M)]]
|6
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|2
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}" |
|[[Kerala Congress (Jacob)]]
|1
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Independent politician|Independents]]
|5
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Congress (Secular)}}" |
|[[Congress (Secular)]]
|1
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Kerala Congress (B)}}" |
|[[Kerala Congress (B)]]
|1
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|National Secular Conference}}" |
|[[National Secular Conference]]
|1
|-
| width="3px" style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Marxist Party}}" |
|[[Communist Marxist Party]]
|1
|-
!colspan="9"| [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
|-
!colspan="9"|[[File:Niyamasabha 2021.svg|150px]]
|-
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| Left Democratic Front
! style="text-align: center;"| 99
!colspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}; color:white"| United Democratic Front
! style="text-align: center;"| 41
|rowspan="9"|0
|rowspan="9"|  [[Pinarayi Vijayan]]<br />[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|62
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|21
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|17
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|15
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (M)]]
|5
|bgcolor="{{party color|Kerala Congress}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress]]
|2
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}"|
|[[Janata Dal (Secular)]]
|2
|bgcolor="{{party color|Kerala Congress (Jacob)}}"|
|[[Kerala Congress (Jacob)]]
|1
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}"|
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|2
|bgcolor="{{party color|Revolutionary Marxist Party of India}}"|
|[[Revolutionary Marxist Party of India]]
|1
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Loktantrik Janata Dal}}"|
|[[Loktantrik Janata Dal]]
|1
|bgcolor="{{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}"|
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
|0
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National League}}"|
|[[Indian National League]]
|1
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Congress (Secular)}}"|
|[[Congress (Secular)]]
|1
|-
! colspan="8" |''Scheduled<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-29|title=What will force Mr Modi to change course will be the outcome of the state elections in 2020–21|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/bjp-cms-assembly-elections-narendra-modi-amit-shah-6189263/|access-date=2020-09-12|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>''
|-
|}
|}


== Local Self Government institutions ==
=== List of political alliances of Kerala in power (1980–present) ===
{{main|Local governance in Kerala}}
{|class="wikitable sortable"  text-align:center"
|-
! data-sort-type=number | {{Tooltip|No.}}
! Flag
! colspan="2" |Political alliance
! Total days in governance
|-
! data-sort-value="1" | 1
|[[File:Left Democratic Front (Kerala) Logo.svg|100px]]
| [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|Left Democratic Front (LDF)]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| '''{{formatnum:{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{age in days|1980|01|25|1981|10|20}}+{{age in days|1987|03|26|1991|06|23}}+{{age in days|1996|05|20|2001|05|16}}+{{age in days|2006|05|18|2011|05|17}}+{{age in days|2016|05|25}}}}}}|R}} days'''
|-
! data-sort-value="2" | 2
|[[File:UDF logo.png|100px]]
| [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front (UDF)]]
| style="background-color: {{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{age in days|1981|12|28|1982|03|17}}+{{age in days|1982|05|24|1987|03|25}}+{{age in days|1991|06|24|1996|05|19}} +{{age in days|2001|05|17|2006|05|17}}+{{age in days|2011|05|18|2016|05|24}} }}}} days
|-
|}


Panchayat Elections is a term widely used in [[Kerala]], [[India]], for the polls that are held to select the ''Local Self-government Representatives''. There are three branches of local self-government institutions in Kerala. They are ''Grama Panchayat'' which can be translated as Village Government, ''Block Panchayat'' and ''District Panchayat''. A Grama Panchayat is almost an equivalent to [[City]] administration and District Panchayat to a [[County]]. There are two more wings namely [[Municipality]] which is another form of Block Panchayat that exists only in major towns and ''Corporations'' that come only in six major cities. Consequent to the 73rd Amendment to the [[Constitution of India]], the local self-government institutions (LSGIs) are to function as the third tier of [[government]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jha|first=B. K.|title=All About India's Panchayati Raj System|url=https://ruralmarketing.in/industry/policy/all-about-indias-panchayati-raj-system|access-date=2020-09-11|website=ruralmarketing.in|language=en}}</ref>
== Local Body elections ==
{{main|Local government in Kerala}}


At present, there are 1200 local governments in Kerala, which includes 941 Grama Panchayats, 152 Block Panchayats, 14 District Panchayats, 77 Taluks, 87 Municipalities and 6 Municipal Corporations.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Local Self-Governance - Government of Kerala, India|url=https://kerala.gov.in/local-self-governance|access-date=2020-09-11|website=kerala.gov.in}}</ref>
The elections for local self-government institutions, such as panchayats and municipalities, are conducted by the [[Kerala State Election Commission]], which is an independent constitutional authority.
 
Panchayat Elections is a term widely used in [[Kerala]], [[India]], for the polls that are held to select the ''Local Self-government Representatives''. There are three branches of local self-government institutions in Kerala, officially known as [[Panchayati raj in India|Panchayati Raj Institutions]], responsible for rural governance. They are ''Grama Panchayat'' which can be translated as Village Government, ''Block Panchayat'' and ''District Panchayat''. A Grama Panchayat is almost an equivalent to [[City]] administration and, Block Panchayat is for a rural [[Community development block|block]] (which includes several gram panchayats) District Panchayat to a [[County]] (excluding [[Municipal governance in India|statutory cities and towns]]).
 
There are two more wings namely [[Municipality]] which is the urban local government that exists only in major towns and  ''Municipal'' ''Corporations'' that come only in six major cities. Consequent to the 73rd Amendment to the [[Constitution of India]], the local self-government institutions (LSGIs) are to function as the third tier of [[government]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jha|first=B. K.|title=All About India's Panchayati Raj System|url=https://ruralmarketing.in/industry/policy/all-about-indias-panchayati-raj-system|access-date=2020-09-11|website=ruralmarketing.in|language=en}}</ref>
 
At present, there are 1200 local governments in Kerala, which includes 941 Grama Panchayats, 152 Block Panchayats, 14 District Panchayats, 87 Municipalities and 6 Municipal Corporations.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Local Self-Governance – Government of Kerala, India|url=https://kerala.gov.in/local-self-governance|access-date=2020-09-11|website=kerala.gov.in|archive-date=28 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928223404/https://kerala.gov.in/local-self-governance|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
The last ''Election to the Local Self-government Institutions in Kerala'' (''Panchayat Elections'') was held in 2025 december.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Rajwi |first=Tiki |date=2025-11-10 |title=Kerala local body elections 2025 to be held in two phases on December 9 and 11; counting on December 13 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kerala-local-body-elections-2025-to-be-held-in-two-phases-on-december-9-and-11-counting-on-december-13/article70261806.ece |access-date=2025-12-15 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The results were announced on 13 december 2025.<ref name=":0" /> Next local body elections are scheduled to be held in 2030.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Suresh|first=M. K.|title=Kerala to conduct local body elections in October|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/kerala-to-conduct-local-body-elections-in-october-1.4727815|access-date=2020-09-11|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en}}</ref>


The last ''Election to the Local Self-government Institutions in Kerala'' (''Panchayat Elections'') was held in 2020 december. The results were announced on 16 december 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=2015-10-04|title=Local body polls in Kerala to be held on November 2 and 5|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/local-body-polls-in-kerala-to-be-held-on-november-2-and-5/article7721259.ece|access-date=2020-09-11|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Next local body elections are scheduled to be held in 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Suresh|first=M. K.|title=Kerala to conduct local body elections in October|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/kerala-to-conduct-local-body-elections-in-october-1.4727815|access-date=2020-09-11|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|+
! rowspan="2" |Year
!rowspan="3" |Year
! rowspan="2" |Local body
!colspan="4" |[[List of municipal corporations in Kerala|Municipal Corporation Results]]
! colspan="4" |Party/Alliance
!rowspan="3" |Total
|-
| style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}|
| style= "background:black|
|-
|-
!LDF
!LDF
!UDF
!UDF
!BJP
!NDA
!OTH
!OTH
|-
|-
| rowspan="5" |2015
|[[2025 Kerala local elections|2025]]
|Gram Panchayat
|1
|551
|'''4'''
|362
|1
|14
|0
|14
!6
|-
|[[2020 Kerala local elections|2020]]
| '''5'''
|1
|0
|0
!6
|-
|-
|Dist. Panchayat
|[[2015 Kerala local elections|2015]]
|7
| '''4'''
|7
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
!6
|-
|-
|Block Panchayat<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-11-07|title=Kerala civic poll results: LDF takes lead, big gains for BJP|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/kerala-civic-election-results-live-vote-counting-begins/|access-date=2020-09-11|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
|2010
|90
| '''3'''
|61
|2
|0
|0
|0
|1
!5
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!rowspan="3" |Year
!colspan="4" |[[Municipalities of Kerala|Municipalities Results]]
!rowspan="3" |Total
|-
| style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}|
| style= "background:black|
|-
!LDF
!UDF
!NDA
!OTH
|-
|-
|Corporation
|[[2025 Kerala local elections|2025]]
|4
|28
|'''54'''
|2
|2
|0
|0
!87
|-
|[[2020 Kerala local elections|2020]]
| '''43'''
|41
|2
|0
|0
!87
|-
|-
|Municipality
|[[2015 Kerala local elections|2015]]
|43
| '''44'''
|41
|41
|1
|1
|0
!87
|-
|2010
| 20
|'''39'''
|0
|0
!59
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!rowspan="3" |Year
!colspan="4" |District Panchayat Results
!rowspan="3" |Total
|-
| style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}|
| style= "background:black|
|-
!LDF
!UDF
!NDA
!OTH
|-
|[[2025 Kerala local elections|2025]]
|7
|'''7'''
|0
|0
!14
|-
|[[2020 Kerala local elections|2020]]
| '''11'''
|3
|0
|0
!14
|-
|[[2015 Kerala local elections|2015]]
| '''7'''
|7
|0
|0
!14
|-
|2010
| 6
|'''8'''
|0
|0
!14
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!rowspan="3" |Year
!colspan="4" |[[Panchayat samiti|Block Panchayat Results]]
!rowspan="3" |Total
|-
| style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}|
| style= "background:black|
|-
!LDF
!UDF
!NDA
!OTH
|-
|[[2025 Kerala local elections|2025]]
|63
|'''79'''
|0
|6
!152
|-
|[[2020 Kerala local elections|2020]]
| '''108'''
|38
|0
|0
!152
|-
|[[2015 Kerala local elections|2015]]
| '''90'''
|61
|0
|1
|1
!152
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!rowspan="3" |Year
!colspan="4" |Gram Panchayat Results
!rowspan="3" |Total
|-
| style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|
| style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}|
| style= "background:black|
|-
!LDF
!UDF
!NDA
!OTH
|-
|[[2025 Kerala local elections|2025]]
|340
|'''505'''
|26
|6
!941
|-
|[[2020 Kerala local elections|2020]]
| '''514'''
|321
|19
|23
!941
|-
|[[2015 Kerala local elections|2015]]
| '''549'''
|365
|14
|13
!941
|-
|}
|}


==See also==
==See also==
* [[2015 Kerala local body elections]]
* [[Politics of Kerala]]
* [[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
* [[Political parties in Kerala]]
* [[Left Democratic Front]]
* [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)]]


==Notes==
==Notes==
Line 340: Line 1,528:
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081218010942/http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp Election Commission of India]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081218010942/http://www.eci.gov.in/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp Election Commission of India]
*[http://www.keesings.com/search?kssp_selected_tab=article&kssp_a_id=17312n01ind]
*[http://www.keesings.com/search?kssp_selected_tab=article&kssp_a_id=17312n01ind]
*[http://lsgkerala.gov.in/election LSGI Election Result 2010]
*[http://lsgkerala.gov.in/election LSGI Election Result 2010]{{Dead link|date=September 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[http://lsgkerala.gov.in/election2005 LSGI Election Result 2005]
*[http://lsgkerala.gov.in/election2005 LSGI Election Result 2005]
*[http://www.sec.kerala.gov.in Kerala State Election Commission]
*[http://www.sec.kerala.gov.in Kerala State Election Commission]

Latest revision as of 13:45, 25 March 2026


Kerala

Elections in Kerala are regularly held to appoint government officials at various levels, both within the state of Keralam and in India as a whole. These elections encompass national elections as well as regional elections for local bodies and panchayats.

The Kerala Assembly has the authority to enact laws concerning the conduct of local body elections independently. However, any modifications made by the state legislature to the procedures of state-level elections require approval from the Parliament of India. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to Article 356 of the Indian Constitution and President's rule may be imposed.

The Election Commission of India (ECI) prepares the electoral rolls for elections to the Parliament of India (Lok Sabha) and the Kerala Legislative Assembly, and conducts these elections.

Kerala State Election Commission (SEC) prepares the electoral rolls of Panchayats, Municipalities and Municipal Corporations and conduct their elections. The State Election Commissioner is also the Chairman of the Delimitation Commission.[1]

Types of elections[edit | edit source]

Elections in Kerala include elections for:

Lok Sabha elections[edit | edit source]

Lok Sabha (Lower House of the Indian Parliament)

Members of parliament in the Lok Sabha (Lower House) from Kerala are directly elected by being voted upon by all adult citizens of the state from a set of candidates who stand in their respective constituencies. Every adult citizen of Kerala can vote only in their constituency. Candidates who win the Lok Sabha elections are called "Members of Parliament" and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the president of India on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chamber of the Sansad Bhavan in New Delhi on matters relating to the creation of new laws or removing or improving the existing laws that affect all citizens of India. Elections take place once every five years to elect 20 members from Kerala.[2] The leader of the majority party or alliance in the country takes oath as prime minister of India. Indian General Elections in Kerala has been mainly contested between two political parties since the formation of the state. The Indian National Congress which currently leads United Democratic Front (UDF) alliance and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) which currently leads Left Democratic Front (LDF) alliance. The Indian National Congress has been in lead, 11 out of 16 election from 1957 in Kerala.
The elections for both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are conducted by the Election Commission of India (ECI).

Legislative Assembly election results
15th Lok Sabha (2009)
16th Lok Sabha (2014)
17th Lok Sabha (2019)
18th Lok Sabha (2024)

Party Wise Results[edit | edit source]

Lok Sabha Election Year 1st Party 2nd Party 3rd Party 4th Party Others Total Seats
2nd Lok Sabha 1957 CPI 9 INC 6 PSP 1 Ind 2 18
3rd Lok Sabha 1962 CPI 6 INC 5 IUML 2 RSP 1 Ind 3 17
4th Lok Sabha 1967 CPI(M) 9 CPI 3 SSP 3 IUML 2 INC 1, Ind 1 19
5th Lok Sabha 1971 INC(R) 6 CPI 3 KC 3 CPI(M) 2 RSP 2, IUML 2, Ind 1 19
6th Lok Sabha 1977 INC 9 CPI 4 IUML 2 KC 2 IC (S) 1, RSP 1 19
7th Lok Sabha 1980 CPI(M) 6 INC (I) 4 INC (U) 3 CPI 2 IUML 2, KC 2, Ind 1 20
8th Lok Sabha 1984 INC 13 KC (J) 2 IUML 2 CPI(M) 1 IC (S) 1, JP 1, 20
9th Lok Sabha 1989 INC 14 CPI(M) 2 IUML 2 KC (M) 1 IC (S) 1 20
10th Lok Sabha 1991 INC 13 CPI(M) 3 IUML 2 KC (M) 1 IC (S) 1 20
11th Lok Sabha 1996 INC 7 CPI(M) 5 CPI 2 IUML 2 JD 1, KC (M) 1, RSP 1, Ind 1 20
12th Lok Sabha 1998 INC 8 CPI(M) 4 CPI 2 IUML 2 KC (M) 1, RSP 1, Ind 2 20
13th Lok Sabha 1999 INC 8 CPI(M) 4 IUML 2 KC(M) 1 KC 1 20
14th Lok Sabha 2004 CPI(M) 12 CPI 3 IUML 1 KC(J) 1 IFDP 1, JD(S) 1, Ind 1 20
15th Lok Sabha 2009 INC 13 CPI(M) 4 IUML 2 KC(M) 1 – 20
16th Lok Sabha 2014 INC 8 CPI(M) 7 IUML 2 CPI 1 KC 1, RSP 1 20
17th Lok Sabha 2019 INC 15 IUML 2 CPI(M) 1 RSP 1 KC(M) 1 20
18th Lok Sabha 2024 INC 14 IUML 2 CPI(M) 1 BJP 1 RSP 1, KC 1 20

Alliance Wise Results[edit | edit source]

Year Lok Sabha Election 1st Alliance Seats won 2nd Alliance Seats won Other parties Seats won
1957 2nd CPI 9 INC 6 PSP/Independents 1 / 2
1962 3rd INC/PSP/IUML 8 CPI 6 RSP/ Independents 1 / 3
1967 4th United Front 17 INC 1 Independents 1
1971 5th United Front 16 CPI(M) 2 1
1977 6th 20 0 0
1980 7th LDF 12 UDF 8 0
1984 8th UDF 18 LDF 2 0
1989 9th 17 3 0
1991 10th 15 5 0
1996 11th 10 10 0
1998 12th 11 9 0
1999 13th 11 9 0
2004 14th LDF 18 UDF 1 NDA 1
2009 15th UDF 16 LDF 4 0
2014 16th 12 8 0
2019 17th 19 1 0
2024 18th 18 1 NDA 1

State Legislative Assembly Elections[edit | edit source]

Kerala Legislative Assembly (State assembly

Members of the Kerala Legislative Assembly are directly elected by being voted upon by all adult citizens of the state from a set of candidates who stand in their respective constituencies. Every adult citizen of Kerala can vote only in their constituency. Candidates who win the legislative assembly elections are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly" and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the governor of Kerala on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Assembly Chamber of the Chief Secretariat in Thiruvananthapuram on matters relating to the creation of new laws or removing or improving the existing laws that affect all citizens of Kerala. Elections take place once every five years to elect 140 members to the legislative assembly. The leader of the majority party or alliance takes oath as chief minister of Kerala.

Year Election Chief Minister Ruling Party
1957 1st Assembly E. M. S. Namboodiripad Communist Party of India
1962 2nd Assembly Pattom A. Thanu Pillai Praja Socialist Party
1965 No Majority No party won a majority
1967 3rd Assembly E. M. S. Namboodiripad Communist Party of India
1971 4th Assembly C. Achutha Menon Communist Party of India
1977 5th Assembly K. Karunakaran Indian National Congress
1980 6th Assembly E. K. Nayanar Communist Party of India
1982 7th Assembly K. Karunakaran Indian National Congress
1987 8th Assembly E. K. Nayanar Communist Party of India
1991 9th Assembly K. Karunakaran Indian National Congress
1996 10th Assembly E. K. Nayanar Communist Party of India
2001 11th Assembly A. K. Antony Indian National Congress
2006 12th Assembly V. S. Achuthanandan Communist Party of India
2011 13th Assembly Oommen Chandy Indian National Congress
2016 14th Assembly Pinarayi Vijayan Communist Party of India
2021 15th Assembly
2026 16th Assembly

Party wise election results[edit | edit source]

Legislative Assembly election results
13th Assembly (2011)
14th Assembly (2016)
15th Assembly (2021)

State-level elections are held to fill the Kerala Legislative Assembly.[3][4] The latest Assembly elections were held on 6 April 2021.[5]

Election Year 1st Party 2nd Party 3rd Party 4th Party Others Total Seats
Party Seats Party Seats Party Seats Party Seats
1957 Communist Party of India 60 Indian National Congress 43 Praja Socialist Party 9 14 126
1960 Indian National Congress 63 Communist Party of India 29 Praja Socialist Party 20 Indian Union Muslim League 11 3 126
1965 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 40 Indian National Congress 36 Kerala Congress 23 Samyukta Socialist Party 13 21 133
1967 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 52 Communist Party of India 19 Samyukta Socialist Party 19 Indian Union Muslim League 14 29 133
1970 Indian National Congress 30 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 29 Communist Party of India 16 Kerala Congress 12 46 133
1977 Indian National Congress 38 Communist Party of India 23 Kerala Congress 20 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 17 42 140
1980 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 35 Indian National Congress (U) 21 Communist Party of India 17 Indian National Congress (I) 17 50 140
1982 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 28 Indian National Congress (I) 20 Congress (A) 15 Indian Union Muslim League 14 63 140
1987 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 38 Indian National Congress 33 Communist Party of India 16 Indian Union Muslim League 15 38 140
1991 Indian National Congress 55 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 28 Indian Union Muslim League 19 Communist Party of India 12 26 140
1996 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 40 Indian National Congress 37 Communist Party of India 18 Indian Union Muslim League 13 32 140
2001 Indian National Congress 63 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 24 Indian Union Muslim League 16 Kerala Congress (M) 9 28 140
2006 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 61 Indian National Congress 24 Communist Party of India 17 Indian Union Muslim League 7 31 140
2011 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 44 Indian National Congress 39 Indian Union Muslim League 20 Communist Party of India 13 24 140
2016 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 58 Indian National Congress 22 Communist Party of India 19 Indian Union Muslim League 18 23 140
2021 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 62 Indian National Congress 21 Communist Party of India 17 Indian Union Muslim League 15 25 140

Alliance wise results[edit | edit source]

Winning Party / Coalition Seats won Opposition party/ Coalition Seats won Others Chief Minister
(Party)
1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Communist Party of India (CPI) 60 Indian National Congress (INC) 43 9 E. M. S. Namboodiripad
(CPI)
Independent 5 Praja Socialist Party (PSP) 9
1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Praja Socialist Party (PSP) 20 Communist Party of India (CPI) 29 3 Pattom Thanu Pillai
(PSP)
Indian National Congress (INC) 63
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) 12
1965 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
President's Rule
No single party could form a ministry commanding majority and hence this election is considered abortive.
1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) 52 Indian National Congress (INC) 9 15 E. M. S. Namboodiripad
(CPI(M))
Communist Party of India (CPI) 19
Samyukta Socialist Party (SSP) 19 Kerala Congress (KC) 5
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) 14
1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Communist Party of India (CPI) 16 Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) 29 19 C. Achutha Menon
(CPI)
Indian National Congress (INC) 30
Kerala Congress (KC) 12
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) 11
Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) 6
Praja Socialist Party (PSP) 3
Socialist Party (SP) 1
1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Indian National Congress (INC) 38 Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) 17 0 K. Karunakaran
(INC)
Communist Party of India (CPI) 23
Kerala Congress (KC) 20 Bharatiya Lok Dal (KC) 6
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) 13 All India Muslim League (AIML) 3
Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) 9 Kerala Congress (B) (KC(B)) 6
Independents 8 Independents 1
1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Left Democratic Front 93 United Democratic Front 46 0 E. K. Nayanar
CPI(M)
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) 35 Indian National Congress (INC) 17
Communist Party of India (CPI) 17 Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) 14
Indian National Congress (U) (INC(U)) 21 Kerala Congress (Jacob) (KC(J)) 6
Kerala Congress (B) (KC(B)) 1 Janata Party (JP) 5
Kerala Congress (M) (KC(M)) 8 Praja Socialist Party (PSP) 1
Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) 6 Independents 4
All India Muslim League (AIML) 5
1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
United Democratic Front 77 Left Democratic Front 63 0 K. Karunakaran
INC
1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Left Democratic Front 78 United Democratic Front 61 1 E. K. Nayanar
CPI(M)
1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
United Democratic Front 90 Left Democratic Front 48 2 K. Karunakaran
INC
1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Left Democratic Front 80 United Democratic Front 59 1 E. K. Nayanar
CPI(M)
2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
United Democratic Front 99 Left Democratic Front 40 1 A. K. Antony
INC
2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Left Democratic Front 98 United Democratic Front 42 0 V. S. Achuthanandan
CPI(M)
2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
United Democratic Front 72 Left Democratic Front 68 1 Oommen Chandy
INC
Indian National Congress 38 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 45
Indian Union Muslim League 20 Communist Party of India 13
Kerala Congress (M) 9 Janata Dal (Secular) 4
Socialist Janata (Democratic) 2 Independents 2
Kerala Congress (B) 1 Nationalist Congress Party 2
Kerala Congress (Jacob) 1 Revolutionary Marxist Party of India 2
2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Left Democratic Front 91 United Democratic Front 47 2 Pinarayi Vijayan
CPI(M)
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 58 Indian National Congress 22
Communist Party of India 19 Indian Union Muslim League 18
Janata Dal (Secular) 3 Kerala Congress (M) 6
Nationalist Congress Party 2 Kerala Congress (Jacob) 1
Independents 5
Congress (Secular) 1
Kerala Congress (B) 1
National Secular Conference 1
Communist Marxist Party 1
2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
Left Democratic Front 99 United Democratic Front 41 0 Pinarayi Vijayan
CPI(M)
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 62 Indian National Congress 21
Communist Party of India 17 Indian Union Muslim League 15
Kerala Congress (M) 5 Kerala Congress 2
Janata Dal (Secular) 2 Kerala Congress (Jacob) 1
Nationalist Congress Party 2 Revolutionary Marxist Party of India 1
Loktantrik Janata Dal 1 Revolutionary Socialist Party 0
Indian National League 1
Congress (Secular) 1
Scheduled[6]

List of political alliances of Kerala in power (1980–present)[edit | edit source]

No. Flag Political alliance Total days in governance
1 Left Democratic Front (LDF) 9558 days
2 United Democratic Front (UDF) 7,295 days

Local Body elections[edit | edit source]

Main article: Local government in Kerala

The elections for local self-government institutions, such as panchayats and municipalities, are conducted by the Kerala State Election Commission, which is an independent constitutional authority.

Panchayat Elections is a term widely used in Kerala, India, for the polls that are held to select the Local Self-government Representatives. There are three branches of local self-government institutions in Kerala, officially known as Panchayati Raj Institutions, responsible for rural governance. They are Grama Panchayat which can be translated as Village Government, Block Panchayat and District Panchayat. A Grama Panchayat is almost an equivalent to City administration and, Block Panchayat is for a rural block (which includes several gram panchayats) District Panchayat to a County (excluding statutory cities and towns).

There are two more wings namely Municipality which is the urban local government that exists only in major towns and Municipal Corporations that come only in six major cities. Consequent to the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution of India, the local self-government institutions (LSGIs) are to function as the third tier of government.[7]

At present, there are 1200 local governments in Kerala, which includes 941 Grama Panchayats, 152 Block Panchayats, 14 District Panchayats, 87 Municipalities and 6 Municipal Corporations.[8]

The last Election to the Local Self-government Institutions in Kerala (Panchayat Elections) was held in 2025 december.[9] The results were announced on 13 december 2025.[9] Next local body elections are scheduled to be held in 2030.[10]

Year Municipal Corporation Results Total
LDF UDF NDA OTH
2025 1 4 1 0 6
2020 5 1 0 0 6
2015 4 2 0 0 6
2010 3 2 0 0 5
Year Municipalities Results Total
LDF UDF NDA OTH
2025 28 54 2 0 87
2020 43 41 2 0 87
2015 44 41 1 0 87
2010 20 39 0 0 59
Year District Panchayat Results Total
LDF UDF NDA OTH
2025 7 7 0 0 14
2020 11 3 0 0 14
2015 7 7 0 0 14
2010 6 8 0 0 14
Year Block Panchayat Results Total
LDF UDF NDA OTH
2025 63 79 0 6 152
2020 108 38 0 0 152
2015 90 61 0 1 152
Year Gram Panchayat Results Total
LDF UDF NDA OTH
2025 340 505 26 6 941
2020 514 321 19 23 941
2015 549 365 14 13 941

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Messages". sec.kerala.gov.in. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  2. ↑ "Terms of the Houses". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
  3. ↑ "History of kerala legislature – Government of Kerala, India". kerala.gov.in. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  4. ↑ "Kerala Assembly Election DATABASE".
  5. ↑ "Kerala Assembly Election Schedule 2016". Election Commission India.
  6. ↑ "What will force Mr Modi to change course will be the outcome of the state elections in 2020–21". The Indian Express. 29 December 2019. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  7. ↑ Jha, B. K. "All About India's Panchayati Raj System". ruralmarketing.in. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  8. ↑ "Local Self-Governance – Government of Kerala, India". kerala.gov.in. Archived from the original on 28 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Rajwi, Tiki (10 November 2025). "Kerala local body elections 2025 to be held in two phases on December 9 and 11; counting on December 13". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 15 December 2025.
  10. ↑ Suresh, M. K. "Kerala to conduct local body elections in October". Mathrubhumi. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Kerala&oldid=468864"
Discover more