1991 Indian general election in Kerala

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1991 Indian general election
← 1989 May–June 1991 1996 →
20 seats
Turnout73.32% (Decrease5.98%)
  First party Second party Third party
  Indian Election Symbol Hammer Sickle and Star.png
Party INC CPI (M) CPI
Alliance UDF LDF LDF
Last election 14 2 0
Seats won 13 3 0
Seat change Decrease1 Increase1 -
Percentage 38.77% 20.71% 8.12%
  Fourth party
 
Party IUML
Alliance UDF
Last election 2
Seats won 2
Seat change -
Percentage 5.02%
Kerala in India.png

The 1991 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the tenth Lok Sabha from Kerala.[1] Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 16 seats while Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) won the remaining 4 seats.[2] Turnout for the election was at 70.66%[3] In the Lok Sabha, INC formed a minority government under the premiership of P. V. Narasimha Rao.

Alliances and parties[edit]

[4]

UDF is a Kerala legislative alliance formed by INC veteran K. Karunakaran. LDF comprises primarily of CPI(M) and the CPI, forming the Left Front in the national level. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) contested in 19 seats.

United Democratic Front[edit]

No. Party Election Symbol Seats Contested
1. Indian National Congress 16
2. Indian Union Muslim League Indian Election Symbol Lader.svg 2
3. Kerala Congress (M) Indian Election Symbol Two Leaves.png 1
4. Independents 1

Left Democratic Front[edit]

No. Party Election Symbol Seats Contested
style="text-align:center; background:
  1. F8F9FA;color:white" |1.
 Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Key
 9
style="text-align:center; background:
  1. F8F9FA;color:white" |2.
 Communist Party of India
Star
 4
3. Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Singha 1
4. Independents 2
5. Janata Dal 2
6. Revolutionary Socialist Party 1
7. Kerala Congress 1

Bharatiya Janata Party[edit]

No. Party Election Symbol Seats Contested
1. Bharatiya Janata Party BJP election symbol.png 19

List of elected MPs[edit]

[5]

No. Constituency Name of Elected M.P. Party Affiliation
1 Kasaragod Ramanna Rai CPI(M)
2 Kannur Mullappally Ramachandran INC
3 Vatakara K. P. Unnikrishnan ICS(SCS)
4 Kozhikode K. Muraleedharan INC
5 Manjeri E. Ahamed IUML
6 Ponnani Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait IUML
7 Palakkad V. S. Vijayaraghavan CPI(M)
8 Ottapalam K. R. Narayanan CPI(M)
9 Thrissur P. C. Chacko INC
10 Mukundapuram Savitri Lakshmanan INC
11 Ernakulam K. V. Thomas INC
12 Muvattupuzha P. C. Thomas KC(M)
13 Kottayam Ramesh Chennithala INC
14 Idukki K. M. Mathew INC
15 Alappuzha T. J. Anjalose CPI(M)
16 Mavelikkara P. J. Kurien INC
17 Adoor Kodikunnil Suresh INC
18 Kollam S. Krishna Kumar INC
19 Chirayankil Suseela Gopalan CPI(M)
20 Thiruvananthapuram A. Charles INC

Results[edit]

Performance of political parties[edit]

[6]

Vote Share by alliance

  UDF (48.59%)
  LDF (44.28%)
  BJP (4.61%)
  Other (2.52%)
No. Party Political Front Seats Votes %Votes ±pp
1 Indian National Congress UDF 13 55,26,187 38.77% Increase2.93
2 Communist Party of India (Marxist) LDF 3 29,52,043 20.71% Decrease2.16
3 Communist Party of India LDF 0 11,56,798 8.12% Increase1.92
4 Indian Union Muslim League UDF 2 7,15,222 5.02% Decrease0.21
5 Janata Dal LDF 0 6,43,366 4.51% Increase2.65
6 Bharatiya Janata Party none 0 6,56,945 4.61% Increase0.10
7 Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Singha LDF 1 3,95,501 2.77% Increase0.29
8 Kerala Congress (M) UDF 1 3,84,255 2.70% Increase0.34
9 Revolutionary Socialist Party LDF 0 3,42,796 2.41% Steady
10 Kerala Congress LDF 0 3,19,933 2.24% Increase1.78
11 Bahujan Samaj Party none 0 23,475 0.16% Increase0.04
12 Janata Party none 0 17,883 0.13% Decrease0.13
13 Republican Party of India none 0 5,840 0.04% new
14 Deseeya Karshaka Party none 0 4,508 0.03% new
15 Door Darshi Party none 0 3,268 0.02% new
16 Lok Dal none 0 3,024 0.02% new
Independents 0 11,02,111 7.73% Decrease1.76

By constituency[edit]

[7]

No. Constituency UDF candidate Votes % Party LDF candidate Votes % Party BJP / Other candidate Votes % Party Winning alliance Margin
1 Kasaragod K. C. Venugopal 3,35,113 43.2% INC M. Ramanna Rai 3,44,536 44.4% CPI(M) C. K. Padmanabhan 76,067 9.8% BJP LDF 9,423
2 Kannur Mullappally Ramachandran 3,76,696 50.2% INC E. Ebrahim Kutty 3,35,569 44.8% IC(S) M. K. Saseendran 25,720 3.4% BJP UDF 41,127
3 Vatakara M. Ratnasingh 3,78,012 47.2% INC K. P. Unnikrishnan 3,95,501 49.4% CPI(M) P. Unnikrishnan 8,566 1.1% IND LDF 17,489
4 Kozhikode K. Muraleedharan 3,55,113 47.1% INC M. P. Veerendra Kumar 3,39,229 45.0% JD U. Dattathriya Rao 43,661 5.8% BJP UDF 15,884
5 Manjeri E. Ahamed 3,75,456 50.6% IUML V. Venugopal 2,86,133 38.6% CPI(M) Ahalya Sankar 51,634 7.0% BJP UDF 89,323
6 Ponnani Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait 3,39,766 52.3% IUML K. Hamza Kunju 2,44,060 37.6% CPI K. Janachandran 45,388 7.0% BJP UDF 95,706
7 Palakkad V. S. Vijayaraghavan 3,34,913 47.7% INC A. Vijayaraghavan 3,19,145 45.4% CPI(M) Rema S. Menon 31,323 4.5% BJP UDF 15,768
8 Ottapalam K. R. Narayanan 3,27,043 47.7% INC Lenin Rajendran 3,11,955 45.5% CPI(M) M. A. Pushpakran 33,542 4.9% BJP UDF 15,088
9 Thrissur P. C. Chacko 3,42,896 48.6% INC K. P. Rajendran 3,13,665 44.4% CPI E. Reghunandanan 38,213 5.4% BJP UDF 29,231
10 Mukundapuram Savithri Lakshmanan 3,62,029 47.8% INC A. P. Kurian 3,49,664 46.1% IND K. V. Sreedharan 30,776 4.1% BJP UDF 12,365
11 Ernakulam K. V. Thomas 3,62,975 49.0% INC V. Viswanatha Menon 3,15,831 42.6% CPI(M) V. A. Rahman 30,082 4.1% BJP UDF 47,144
12 Muvattupuzha P. C. Thomas 3,84,255 53.4% KC(M) P. I. Devasia 2,86,152 39.8% IND N. Ajith 26,783 3.7% BJP UDF 98,103
13 Kottayam Ramesh Chennithala 3,66,759 51.4% INC Thampan Thomas 3,04,137 42.6% JD George Kurian 22,622 3.2% BJP UDF 62,622
14 Idukki K. M. Mathew 3,45,139 48.3% INC P. J. Joseph 3,19,933 44.8% KEC K. Madhusoodhanan Nair 25,197 3.5% BJP UDF 25,206
15 Alappuzha Vakkom Purushothaman 3,50,719 47.3% INC T. J. Anjalose 3,64,794 49.2% CPI(M) V. S. Vijayakumar 15,973 2.2% BJP LDF 14,075
16 Mavelikkara P. J. Kurian 3,04,519 48.4% INC K. Suresh Kurup 2,79,031 44.4% CPI(M) Chennithala Gopalkrishnan Nair 25,665 4.1% BJP UDF 25,488
17 Adoor Kodikunnil Suresh 3,27,066 48.9% INC Bhargavi Thankappan 3,08,471 46.1% CPI C. C. Kunjan 17,067 2.6% BJP UDF 18,595
18 Kollam S. Krishna Kumar 3,70,523 50.0% INC R. S. Unni 3,42,796 46.2% RSP S. Ramakrishna Pillai 16,507 2.2% IND UDF 27,727
19 Chirayinkil Thalekunnil Basheer 3,30,412 47.2% INC Suseela Gopalan 3,31,518 47.4% CPI(M) K. K. R. Kumar 20,159 2.9% BJP LDF 1,106
20 Trivandrum A. Charles 3,34,272 46.3% INC E. J. Vijayamma 2,90,602 40.3% CPI O. Rajagopal 80,566 11.2% BJP UDF 43,670

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "General Election, 1991".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ↑ "PC: Kerala 1991".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ↑ "STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1991 TO THE 10th LOK SABHA" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ↑ "PC: Alliances Kerala 1991".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ↑ Roy Mathew. "Indian Parliament Elections 1991: Kerala Winners". keralaassembly.org. Retrieved 2020-09-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ↑ "PC: Party-wise performance for 1991 Kerala".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ↑ "PC: Kerala 1991".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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