Paramilitary forces of India: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Paramilitary body of india}}
{{Short description|Auxiliary Forces of India}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is already sufficiently detailed; see [[BP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
India maintains 10 paramilitary forces.<ref name="IISS 2012">{{cite journal |title=Chapter Six: Asia |pages=205–302 |journal=The Military Balance |volume=112 |number=1 |author1=IISS |author-link1=International Institute for Strategic Studies |date=2012 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=[[London]] |doi=10.1080/04597222.2012.663215 |s2cid=219626887}}</ref>
'''[[Paramilitary Forces]] of India''' refer to a group of 10 armed organisations responsible for supporting the Indian military and ensuring internal security.<ref name="IISS 2012">{{cite journal |title=Chapter Six: Asia |pages=205–302 |journal=The Military Balance |volume=112 |number=1 |author1=IISS |author1-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies |date=2012 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=[[London]] |doi=10.1080/04597222.2012.663215 |s2cid=219626887}}</ref>


== List of Paramilitary forces ==
== List of paramilitary forces ==
From 1986 to 2011 the [[Central Armed Police Forces]] were considered as Central Police Forces (CPF).<ref>{{cite web |title=Office Memorandum |url=http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/OM2-020513.pdf |website=MHA |publisher=MHA, GoI |access-date=26 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117183848/http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/OM2-020513.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2016 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> However, as per their respective acts they all are Armed Police Forces.<ref>{{cite web |title=Office Memorandum |url=http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/OM2-020513.pdf |website=MHA |publisher=MHA, GoI |access-date=26 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117183848/http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/OM2-020513.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2016 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/for-the-paramilitary-all-s-in-a-new-name/cid/415027 |title=For the paramilitary, all's in a new name. |website=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraphy]] |first=Nishit |last=Dholabhai |date=26 March 2011}}</ref>
{{Indian Armed Forces sidebar}}
From 1986 to 2011 the [[Central Armed Police Forces]] (CAPF) were considered as Central Police Organisations (CPOs).<ref name="Memorandum">{{cite web |title=Office Memorandum |url=http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/OM2-020513.pdf |website=MHA |publisher=MHA, GoI |access-date=26 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117183848/http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/OM2-020513.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2016 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> However, as per their respective acts they all are Armed Police Forces.<ref name="Memorandum"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/for-the-paramilitary-all-s-in-a-new-name/cid/415027 |title=For the paramilitary, all's in a new name. |website=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraphy]] |first=Nishit |last=Dholabhai |date=26 March 2011}}</ref>
 
The paramilitary forces are made up of:<ref name="IISS 2012"/>
* '''[[Central Armed Police Forces]]'''<ref name=StandingCommitteeReport>{{cite book |author=Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs |title=Working conditions in Border Guarding Forces Sashastra Seema Bal, Indo-Tibetan Border Police and Border Security Force) |date=12 December 2018 |publisher=[[Rajya Sabha]] |page=1 |url=https://sansad.in/getFile/rsnew/Committee_site/Committee_File/ReportFile/15/107/214_2019_11_11.pdf?source=rajyasabha |access-date=23 January 2024}}</ref>
** Border Guarding Forces
*** [[Assam Rifles]] (AR)
*** [[Border Security Force]] (BSF)
*** [[Indo-Tibetan Border Police]] (ITBP)
*** [[Sashastra Seema Bal]] (SSB)
** Special Task Force
*** [[National Security Guard]] (NSG)
** Forces for Internal Security
*** [[Central Industrial Security Force]] (CISF)
*** [[Central Reserve Police Force]] (CRPF)
* '''[[Railway Protection Force]]''' (RPF)
* '''[[Special Frontier Force]]''' (SFF)
* '''[[Special Protection Group]]''' (SPG)


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! style="align: center" colspan="4" | Paramilitary Forces<ref name="IISS 2012"/>
! style="align: center" colspan="5" | Paramilitary Forces<ref name="IISS 2012"/>
|-
|-
!Paramilitary force
!Paramilitary force
!Active Strength
!Active Strength
!Governing Body
!Governing Body
!Area
!Operational area
!Role
|-
|-
|[[File:Assam_Rifles_LOGO.svg|26px]] [[Assam Rifles]]
| {{flagicon image|Assam Rifles Flag.svg}} [[Assam Rifles]]
| 63,747<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/EnglAnnualReport2016-17_17042017.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808200948/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/EnglAnnualReport2016-17_17042017.pdf |archive-date=8 August 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| 63,747<ref name="Annual Report 16-17">{{cite web |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/EnglAnnualReport2016-17_17042017.pdf |title=Annual Report 2016-17 |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808200948/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/EnglAnnualReport2016-17_17042017.pdf |archive-date=8 August 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all |publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]], Government of India}}</ref>
| [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]] (administrative)<br />[[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]] (operational)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-assam-rifles-dual-control-structure-role-nagaland-violence-7658329/ |title=Explained: Assam Rifles' dual control structure, and its role |work=[[The Indian Express]] |first=Deeptiman |last=Tiwary |date=7 December 2021}}</ref>
| [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]] (administrative)<br />[[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]] (operational)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-assam-rifles-dual-control-structure-role-nagaland-violence-7658329/ |title=Explained: Assam Rifles' dual control structure, and its role |work=[[The Indian Express]] |first=Deeptiman |last=Tiwary |date=7 December 2021}}</ref>
| [[Northeast India]], [[India–Myanmar border]]
| [[Northeast India]], [[India–Myanmar border]]
| [[Border guard]]
|-
|-
| [[File:BSF Insignia.svg|26x26px]] [[Border Security Force]]
| {{flagicon image|BSF Flag.svg}} [[Border Security Force]]
| 273,476<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/EnglAnnualReport2016-17_17042017.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808200948/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/EnglAnnualReport2016-17_17042017.pdf |archive-date=8 August 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| 257,363<ref name="Annual Report 16-17"/>
| [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| rowspan="6" | [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| [[India–Pakistan border]] and [[Bangladesh–India border|India–Bangladesh border]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bsf.nic.in/en/introduction.html |title=Introduction |publisher=[[Border Security Force]] |website=bsf.nic.in |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>
| [[India–Pakistan border]] and [[Bangladesh–India border|India–Bangladesh border]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bsf.nic.in/en/introduction.html |title=Introduction |publisher=[[Border Security Force]] |website=bsf.nic.in |access-date=9 December 2019 |archive-date=6 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206040944/http://bsf.nic.in/en/introduction.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| Border guard
|-
|-
|[[File:CISF LOGO.svg|26px]] [[Central Industrial Security Force]]
| {{flagicon image|CISF Flag.svg}} [[Central Industrial Security Force]]
| 148,371<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/EnglAnnualReport2016-17_17042017.pdf |title=Annual Report 2016-17 |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808200948/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/EnglAnnualReport2016-17_17042017.pdf |archive-date=8 August 2017 |url-status=dead |publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs]], Government of India}}</ref>
| 144,418<ref name="Annual Report 16-17"/>
| [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| [[Industry in India|Industries]], [[Public sector undertakings in India|public sector undertakings]], [[Indian Space Research Organisation|space installations]], [[Airports in India|airports]], [[Ports in India|seaports]] and [[Delhi Metro]]
| [[Industry in India|Industries]], [[Public sector undertakings in India|public sector undertakings]]
| Protection and security of operational areas
|-
|-
|[[File:CRPF Logo.svg|26px]] [[Central Reserve Police Force]]
| {{flagicon image|Flag of Central Reserve Police Forces.png}} [[Central Reserve Police Force]]
| 324,340
| 313,678<ref name="Annual Report 16-17"/>
| [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| All India Force
| [[Counter-insurgency]] and [[Elections in India|general elections]]
| [[Counter-insurgency]] and [[Elections in India|general elections]]  
|-
|-
|[[File:ITBP Logo.svg|26px]] [[Indo-Tibetan Border Police]]
| {{flagicon image|ITBP Flag.svg}} [[Indo-Tibetan Border Police]]
| 89,567
| 89,432<ref name="Annual Report 16-17"/>
| [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| [[Line of Actual Control|India–China border]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://itbpolice.nic.in/itbpwebsite/Aboutus_new/history&role/htmnav.html |title=Home &#124; Indo Tibetan Border Police, Ministry of Home Affairs |website=itbpolice.nic.in |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>
| [[Line of Actual Control|India–China border]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://itbpolice.nic.in/itbpwebsite/Aboutus_new/history&role/htmnav.html |title=Home &#124; Indo Tibetan Border Police, Ministry of Home Affairs |website=itbpolice.nic.in |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>
| Border guard
|-
|-
|[[File:National Security Guard-India.svg|26px]] [[National Security Guard]]
| {{flagicon image|NSG Flag.svg}} [[National Security Guard]]
| 10,000
| 10,000
| [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| Active Special operations in India  
| [[Counter-terrorism]]
| [[Counter-terrorism]]
|-
|-
|[[File:Logo of RPF.jpg|26px]] [[Railway Protection Force]]
| {{flagicon image|Sashastra Seema Bal Flag.svg}} [[Sashastra Seema Bal]]
| 97,244<ref name=":0">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7VNAzQEACAAJ |title=The Military Balance 2020 |last=(Iiss) |first=The International Institute of Strategic Studies |date=14 February 2020 |publisher=[[Routledge]], Chapman & Hall, Incorporated |isbn=9780367466398 |language=en |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
| [[India–Nepal border]] and [[Bhutan–India border|India–Bhutan border]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ssb.nic.in/index1.aspx?lsid=38&lev=2&lid=10&langid=1&Cid=0 |title=Role- SSB Ministry Of Home Affairs, Govt. Of India |website=ssb.nic.in |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>
| Border guard
|-
| [[File:Logo of RPF.jpg|25px]] [[Railway Protection Force]]
| 76,563
| 76,563
| [[Ministry of Railways (India)|Ministry of Railways]]
| [[Ministry of Railways (India)|Ministry of Railways]]
| [[Indian Railways]]
| [[Indian Railways]]
| Protection and security of operational areas
|-
|-
|[[File:Sashastra Seema Bal.svg|26px]] [[Sashastra Seema Bal]]
| [[File:SFF LOGO.svg|25px]] [[Special Frontier Force]]
| 97,244<ref name=":0">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7VNAzQEACAAJ |title=The Military Balance 2020 |last=(Iiss) |first=The International Institute of Strategic Studies |date=14 February 2020 |publisher=[[Routledge]], Chapman & Hall, Incorporated |isbn=9780367466398 |language=en |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
| [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| [[India–Nepal border]] and [[Bhutan–India border|India–Bhutan border]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ssb.nic.in/index1.aspx?lsid=38&lev=2&lid=10&langid=1&Cid=0 |title=Role- SSB Ministry Of Home Affairs, Govt. Of India |website=ssb.nic.in |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[File:SFF LOGO.svg|26px]] [[Special Frontier Force]]
| 10,000<ref name=":0"/>
| 10,000<ref name=":0"/>
| [[Cabinet Secretariat of India|Cabinet Secretariat]]<ref name="Chhina and Kaushik">{{cite web |last1=Chhina |first1=Man Aman Singh |last2=Kaushik |first2=Krishn |date=2 September 2020 |title=Explained: What is the Special Frontier Force, referred to as Vikas Battalion? |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/what-is-special-frontier-force-vikas-battalion-6578568/ |access-date=2 September 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref>
| rowspan="2" | [[Cabinet Secretariat of India|Cabinet Secretariat]]<ref name="Chhina and Kaushik">{{cite web |last1=Chhina |first1=Man Aman Singh |last2=Kaushik |first2=Krishn |date=2 September 2020 |title=Explained: What is the Special Frontier Force, referred to as Vikas Battalion? |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/what-is-special-frontier-force-vikas-battalion-6578568/ |access-date=2 September 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref>
|
| [[Covert operation]]s
| [[Covert operation]]s
|-
|-
|[[File:SPG LOGO.svg|26px]] [[Special Protection Group]]
| {{flagicon image|SPG Flag.svg}} [[Special Protection Group]]
| 3,000<ref name=":0"/>
| 3,000<ref name=":0"/>
| [[Cabinet Secretariat of India|Cabinet Secretariat]]
| Security of [[Prime Minister of India]]  
| Protection of significant persons
| [[Executive Protection]]
|-
|-
!Total
!Total
!'''886,579'''
!'''1,065,445'''
!
!
!
!
!
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{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Assam Rifles)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Assam Rifles)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (BSF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (CISF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (CISF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (CRPF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (CRPF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (ITBP)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (NSG)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (NSG)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (RPF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Sashastra Seema Bal)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Sashastra Seema Bal)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Special Frontier Force)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Special Frontier Force)}}
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|}
|}


;Enlisted ranks
;Personnel below officer rank
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
! Rank group|| colspan=10| Junior commissioned officers || colspan=12| Non commissioned officer || colspan=14| Enlisted
{{Ranks and Insignia of Indian forces/OR/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Assam Rifles)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Assam Rifles)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (BSF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (CISF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (CISF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (CRPF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (CRPF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (ITBP)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (NSG)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (NSG)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (RPF)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Sashastra Seema Bal)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Sashastra Seema Bal)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Special Frontier Force)}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Special Frontier Force)}}
|- style="background:#ccc;"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
! Rank group|| colspan=10| Junior commissioned officers || colspan=12| Non commissioned officer || colspan=14| Enlisted
{{Ranks and Insignia of Indian forces/OR/Blank}}
|}
|}


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* [[State Armed Police Forces]]
* [[State Armed Police Forces]]
* [[Special forces of India]]
* [[Special forces of India]]
* [[Police ranks and insignia of India]]
* [[Indian Police Service]]
* [[Indian Army ranks and insignia]]
* [[Indian Navy ranks and insignia]]
* [[Indian Air Force ranks and insignia]]
* [[Indian Coast Guard]]
* [[Armed Forces Medical Services]]


== Notes ==
== Notes ==
Line 121: Line 157:


{{India topics}}
{{India topics}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Law enforcement in India}}
{{Law enforcement in India}}
{{Military of India}}
{{Military of India}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Law Enforcement In India}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Law Enforcement in India}}
[[Category:Paramilitary forces of India| ]]
[[Category:Paramilitary forces of India|Paramilitary forces of India]]
[[Category:Ministry of Defence (India)]]
[[Category:Ministry of Defence (India)]]

Latest revision as of 17:32, 19 March 2026


Paramilitary Forces of India refer to a group of 10 armed organisations responsible for supporting the Indian military and ensuring internal security.[1]

List of paramilitary forces[edit | edit source]

Template:Indian Armed Forces sidebar From 1986 to 2011 the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) were considered as Central Police Organisations (CPOs).[2] However, as per their respective acts they all are Armed Police Forces.[2][3]

The paramilitary forces are made up of:[1]

Paramilitary Forces[1]
Paramilitary force Active Strength Governing Body Operational area Role
Assam Rifles 63,747[5] Ministry of Home Affairs (administrative)
Ministry of Defence (operational)[6] 		Northeast India, India–Myanmar border Border guard
Border Security Force 257,363[5] Ministry of Home Affairs India–Pakistan border and India–Bangladesh border[7] Border guard
Central Industrial Security Force 144,418[5] Industries, public sector undertakings, space installations, airports, seaports and Delhi Metro Protection and security of operational areas
Central Reserve Police Force 313,678[5] All India Force Counter-insurgency and general elections
Indo-Tibetan Border Police 89,432[5] India–China border[8] Border guard
National Security Guard 10,000 Active Special operations in India Counter-terrorism
Sashastra Seema Bal 97,244[9] India–Nepal border and India–Bhutan border[10] Border guard
Railway Protection Force 76,563 Ministry of Railways Indian Railways Protection and security of operational areas
Special Frontier Force 10,000[9] Cabinet Secretariat[11] Covert operations
Special Protection Group 3,000[9] Security of Prime Minister of India Executive Protection
Total 1,065,445

Ranks and insignia[edit | edit source]

Officers
Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Assam Rifles)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (BSF)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (CISF)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (CRPF)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (ITBP)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (NSG)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (RPF)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Sashastra Seema Bal)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/India (Special Frontier Force)
Equivalent
NATO code		 OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) and student officer
Equivalent
NATO code		 OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) and student officer
Personnel below officer rank
Template:Ranks and Insignia of Indian forces/OR/BlankTemplate:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Assam Rifles)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (BSF)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (CISF)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (CRPF)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (ITBP)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (NSG)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (RPF)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Sashastra Seema Bal)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/India (Special Frontier Force)Template:Ranks and Insignia of Indian forces/OR/Blank

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 IISS (2012). "Chapter Six: Asia". The Military Balance. 112 (1). London: Routledge: 205–302. doi:10.1080/04597222.2012.663215. S2CID 219626887.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Office Memorandum" (PDF). MHA. MHA, GoI. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  3. ↑ Dholabhai, Nishit (26 March 2011). "For the paramilitary, all's in a new name". The Telegraphy.
  4. ↑ Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs (12 December 2018). Working conditions in Border Guarding Forces Sashastra Seema Bal, Indo-Tibetan Border Police and Border Security Force) (PDF). Rajya Sabha. p. 1. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 "Annual Report 2016-17" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  6. ↑ Tiwary, Deeptiman (7 December 2021). "Explained: Assam Rifles' dual control structure, and its role". The Indian Express.
  7. ↑ "Introduction". bsf.nic.in. Border Security Force. Archived from the original on 6 February 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
  8. ↑ "Home | Indo Tibetan Border Police, Ministry of Home Affairs". itbpolice.nic.in. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 (Iiss), The International Institute of Strategic Studies (14 February 2020). The Military Balance 2020. Routledge, Chapman & Hall, Incorporated. ISBN 9780367466398 – via Google Books.
  10. ↑ "Role- SSB Ministry Of Home Affairs, Govt. Of India". ssb.nic.in. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
  11. ↑ Chhina, Man Aman Singh; Kaushik, Krishn (2 September 2020). "Explained: What is the Special Frontier Force, referred to as Vikas Battalion?". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2 September 2020.

Further reading[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

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