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{{Short description|District in West Bengal, India}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                           = Nadia district
| name                     = Nadia district
| settlement_type                 = [[Districts of West Bengal|District]] of [[West Bengal]]
| native_name              =
| total_type                      = Total
| other_name              =
| native_name                    =  
| settlement_type         = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]] of [[West Bengal]]
| image_map                      = Nadia district.svg
| image_skyline            = {{Photomontage
| map_caption                    = Location of Nadia district in West Bengal
|photo1a = Chandroday mandir uc side view.jpg
| coordinates                    =
|photo2a = Three Obelisks of Mirmadan, Nabe Singh Hajari and Bahadur Khan near Plassey.jpg
| coor_pinpoint                  = Krishnanagar, Nadia
|photo2b = Silhouette at Jalangi.jpg
| subdivision_type                = Country
|photo3a = Main temple spire of Somaj Bari, Nabadwip 2.jpg
| subdivision_name                = {{flag|India}}
|photo3b = Chakdah mosque.jpg
| subdivision_type1              = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
|photo4a = Banana Plantation - Bhaktanagar - Nadia 2017-08-15 2363.JPG
| subdivision_name1              = {{flagicon image|..West Bengal Flag(INDIA).png}} [[West Bengal]]
|size = 300
| subdivision_type2              = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
|foot_montage = Clockwise from top-left: [[Temple of the Vedic Planetarium|Mayapur ISKCON temple]], Memorial to the Bengali commanders at [[Palashi]], [[Jalangi River|Jalangi river]] near [[Palashipara]], Chakdah Masjid, Banana plantation in Bhaktanagar, Somaj Bari Temple in [[Nabadwip]]
| subdivision_name2              = [[Presidency division|
Presidency]]
| established_title              = Established
| established_date                =
| seat_type                      = Headquarters
| seat                            = [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]
| parts_type                      = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style                    = para
| p1                              =
| area_total_km2                  = 3927
| area_footnotes                  =
| population_as_of                = 2011
| population_total                = 5,167,601
| population_footnotes            =
| population_urban                = 979,519
| population_density_km2          = auto
| demographics_type1              = Demographics
| demographics1_title1            = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1            = 75.58 per cent<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page157.html|title =District-specific Literates and Literacy Rates, 2001 |access-date =10 October 2010|publisher =Registrar General, India, Ministry of Home Affairs}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2            = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2            = 947
| leader_title                    =
| leader_name                    =
| leader_title1                  = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1                    = [[Krishnanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar]], [[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat]] Some of area covered with [[Bangaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bangaon]], North part is in Murshidabad Lok Shaba.
| leader_title2                  = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2                    = [[Karimpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Karimpur]], [[Tehatta (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Tehatta]], [[Palashipara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Palashipara]], [[Kaliganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kaliganj]], [[Nakashipara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nakashipara]], [[Chapra (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chapra]], [[Krishnanagar Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar Uttar]], [[Nabadwip (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nabadwip]], [[Krishnanagar Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar Dakshin]], [[Santipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Santipur]], [[Ranaghat Uttar Paschim (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Uttar Paschim]], [[Krishnaganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnaganj]], [[Ranaghat Uttar Purba (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Uttar Purba]], [[Ranaghat Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Dakshin]], [[Chakdaha (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chakdaha]], [[Kalyani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kalyani]], [[Haringhata (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Haringhata]]
| timezone1                      = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                    = +05:30
| blank_name_sec1                = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1                = [[National Highway 12 (India)|NH 12]] State Highway 11
| blank_name_sec2                =
| blank_info_sec2                =
| website                        = http://nadia.nic.in/
| official_name                  =
| image_skyline                  = Jalangi river in Nadia district 04.jpg
| image_caption                  = [[Jalangi River|Jalangi river]] near [[Palashipara]]
}}
}}
'''Nadia district''' ({{IPA-all|nɔd̪iːaː|pron}}) is a [[Districts of India|district]] in the state of [[West Bengal]], [[East India|India]]. It borders [[Bangladesh]] to the east, [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]] and [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]] districts to the south, [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]] to the west, and [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]] to the north.
| image_map                = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|id=Q1143880 |stroke-colour=#C60C30|stroke-width=2|text=Interactive Map Outlining Nadia District}}
| image_map1                = Nadia in West Bengal (India).svg
| mapsize                  = 300
| map_caption1              = Location of Nadia district in West Bengal
| coordinates              = {{coord|23|29|N|88|32|E|type:adm3rd_region:IN-WB_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1        = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = {{flagicon image|Emblem of West Bengal (Banglarmukh) before 2018.png}} [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[Administrative divisions of West Bengal|Division]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Presidency division|Presidency]]
| seat_type                = Headquarters
| seat                    = [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]
| leader_title            = [[List of subdivisions of West Bengal|Subdivisions]]
| leader_name              = [[Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision|Krishnanagar Sadar]], [[Kalyani subdivision|Kalyani]], [[Ranaghat subdivision|Ranaghat]], [[Tehatta subdivision|Tehatta]]
| leader_title1            = [[Community Development Block|CD Blocks]]
| leader_name1            = [[Kaliganj (community development block)|Kaliganj]], [[Nakashipara (community development block)|Nakashipara]], [[Chapra, Nadia (community development block)|Chapra]], [[Krishnanagar I]], [[Krishnanagar II]], [[Nabadwip (community development block)|Nabadwip]], [[Krishnaganj (community development block)|Krishnaganj]], [[Chakdaha (community development block)|Chakdaha]], [[Haringhata (community development block)|Haringhata]], [[Hanskhali (community development block)|Hanskhali]], [[Santipur (community development block)|Santipur]], [[Ranaghat I]], [[Ranaghat II]], [[Karimpur I]], [[Karimpur II]], [[Tehatta I]], [[Tehatta II]]
| leader_title2            = [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2            = [[Krishnanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar]], [[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat]], [[Bangaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bangaon]], [[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]]
| leader_title3            = [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name3            = [[Karimpur Assembly constituency|Karimpur]], [[Tehatta Assembly constituency|Tehatta]], [[Palashipara Assembly constituency|Palashipara]], [[Kaliganj Assembly constituency|Kaliganj]], [[Nakashipara Assembly constituency|Nakashipara]], [[Chapra, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Chapra]], [[Krishnanagar Uttar Assembly constituency|Krishnanagar Uttar]], [[Nabadwip Assembly constituency|Nabadwip]], [[Krishnanagar Dakshin Assembly constituency|Krishnanagar Dakshin]], [[Santipur Assembly constituency|Santipur]], [[Ranaghat Uttar Paschim Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Uttar Paschim]], [[Krishnaganj Assembly constituency|Krishnaganj]], [[Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Uttar Purba]], [[Ranaghat Dakshin Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Dakshin]], [[Chakdaha Assembly constituency|Chakdaha]], [[Kalyani Assembly constituency|Kalyani]], [[Haringhata Assembly constituency|Haringhata]]
| total_type              = Total
| area_total_km2          = 3927
| area_footnotes          =
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_total        = 5,167,600
| population_footnotes    =
| population_urban        = 1438873
| population_density_km2  = auto
| demographics_type1      = Demographics
| demographics1_title1    = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1      = 75.58 per cent
| demographics1_title2    = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| demographics1_info2      = 947 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| demographics_type2      = Languages
| demographics2_title1    = Official
| demographics2_info1      = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=5 July 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics2_title2    = Additional&nbsp;official
| demographics2_info2      = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/>
| timezone1                = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1              = +05:30
| website                  = {{URL|http://nadia.gov.in/}}
}}
 
'''Nadia district''' ({{IPA|bn|nɔd̪iːaː}}) is a [[Districts of West Bengal|district]] in the [[Indian state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It lies in the [[Presidency division]]. It borders [[Bangladesh]] to the east, [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]] and [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]] districts to the south, [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]] to the west, and [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]] to the north.
 
Nadia district is highly influential in the cultural history of Bengal. The standard form of modern [[Bengali language|Bengali]], developed in the 19th century, is based on the dialect spoken around [[Shantipur]] region of Nadia. Known as the "[[Oxford]] of Bengal", Nabadwip made many contributions to Indian philosophy, such as the Navya-Nyaya system of logic, and is the birthplace of the Vaishnava saint [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Official district website" /> The district is still largely agricultural.<ref name="Official district website" />
 
== Etymology ==
"Nadia" is a shortened name for a historic city in the district. Nabadwip, literally "new island", was formerly an island created by alluvial deposits of the Ganga.
 
== Geography ==
Nadia district is located in southern West Bengal, in the west-central Bengal region. The district is largely an alluvial plain, formed by the constant shifting of the various rivers of the Ganges Delta. To the west of the district is the [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi]] (or Hooghly) river, which was once the main distributary of the Ganga towards the Bay of Bengal, and is still considered to be the continuation of the Ganga for Hindus. As the main flow of the Ganga ran east into the Padma, the Bhagirathi largely dried up. Most of the rivers flowing through Nadia now have little water in them. Nearly all the district has been converted into farmland.
 
=== Rivers ===
Nadia district is home to many rivers. The Padma, now the main distributary of the Ganga, touches the district on its northeastern end.
 
The [[Jalangi River|Jalangi]], which flows from Murshidabad district, forms much of the northwestern border of the district with Murshidabad, before flowing south into Nadia district. Around Krishnanagar, it turns west and flows into the Bhagirathi near Nabadwip.
 
The [[Mathabhanga River|Mathabhanga]] originates in the far northeast of the district and forms part of the border with Bangladesh. It then flows into Bangladesh until it, again forming part of the border, re-enters the district at Gede. At Maijdia, it splits into the [[Churni River|Churni]] and [[Ichamati River|Ichamati]]. The Churni flows southwest and merges with the [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi]] at Shibpur near Ranaghat. The Ichamati flows into Bangladesh near Mubarakpur and reenters India near Duttaphulia. It then flows south into North 24 Parganas district.


==History==
==History==
[[Nabadwip]], an ancient town within Nadia district, is often referred to as “[[Oxford]] of Bengal".<ref>Cotton, H.E.A., ''Calcutta Old and New'', 1909/1980, p1, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.</ref> [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]] (b.1486–d.1534) was born in [[Nabadwip]].<ref name="Official district website" /> One of the Indian schools of logic ([[Tarka sastra]]) called [[Navya Nyaya]] system was developed in [[Nabadwip]], which produced great logicians in the 15th century. [[Nabadwip]] was an important seat of political power and the capital of Bengal under [[Ballal Sen]] and later [[Lakshman Sen]], kings of the [[Sena Empire]], who ruled from 1159 to 1206.<ref name="Official district website">[http://nadia.nic.in/Tourism-Details/tourism-details.html Official district website]</ref> In 1202, [[Nabadwip]] was captured by [[Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji|Bakhtiyar Khilji]]. This victory paved the way for Muslim rule in Bengal.<ref>
[[Nabadwip]], an ancient town within Nadia district, is often referred to as the "[[Oxford]] of Bengal".<ref name=":0">Cotton, H.E.A., ''Calcutta Old and New'', 1909/1980, p1, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.</ref><ref name="Official district website" /> One of the Indian schools of logic ([[Tarka sastra]]) called [[Navya-Nyāya|Navya Nyaya]] system was developed in [[Nabadwip]], which produced great logicians in the 15th century. [[Nabadwip]] was an important seat of political power and the capital of Bengal under [[Ballal Sen]] and later [[Lakshman Sen]], kings of the [[Sena Empire]], who ruled from 1159 to 1206.<ref name="Official district website">{{Cite web |title=Tourism-Details |url=http://nadia.nic.in/Tourism-Details/tourism-details.html |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=nadia.nic.in}}</ref> In 1202, [[Nabadwip]] was captured by [[Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji|Bakhtiyar Khilji]]. This victory paved the way for Muslim rule in Bengal.<ref>
[http://www.wb.nic.in/westbg/nabadwip.html Tourist Department] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209210539/http://www.wb.nic.in/westbg/nabadwip.html |date=9 February 2010 }}</ref> The Nadia region was divided into two and large parts of it were given to Bangladesh (then East Bengal) in 1947,and those parts later became part of the khulna Division in Bangladesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/District-level-map-of-Bengal-indicating-the-Radcliffe-line-thick-black-line-and-the_fig1_309516916/amp|title=District-level map of Bengal indicating the Radcliffe line and the expected border according to majority religious demographics}}</ref>
[http://www.wb.nic.in/westbg/nabadwip.html Tourist Department] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209210539/http://www.wb.nic.in/westbg/nabadwip.html |date=9 February 2010 }}</ref> The British defeated [[Siraj ud-Daulah]], Nawab of Bengal, at [[Palashi]] in this district. The [[Indigo revolt|1859 revolt]] against European Indigo planters started from the village of Chaugacha, by [[Digambar Biswas]] and Bishnu Charan Biswas in [[Krishnanagar, Nadia]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bhattacharya |first=Subhas |date=July 1977 |title=The Indigo Revolt of Bengal |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/socialscientist/pager.html?issue=60&objectid=HN681.S597_60_015.gif |journal=Social Scientist |volume=5 |issue=60 |page=17 |jstor=3516809 |archive-date=19 February 2022 |access-date=19 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220219042118/https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/socialscientist/pager.html?issue=60&objectid=HN681.S597_60_015.gif |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nadia is thought to have had trade relations with [[Tibet]], [[Nepal]] and [[Bhutan]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dailysangram.com/post/271645-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8-%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE| title = Rich in History and Tradition Kushtia Previous Name Nadia| date = 13 February 2018| access-date = 26 August 2018| archive-date = 3 July 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170703141556/http://www.dailysangram.com/post/271645-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8-%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE| url-status = dead}}</ref>
Nadia is thought to have had trade relations with [[Tibet]], [[Nepal]] and [[Bhutan | Bhutan]].<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.dailysangram.com/post/271645-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8-%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE| title = Rich in History and Tradition Kushtia Previous Name Nadia | date = 13 February 2018| access-date = 26 August 2018}} </ref>


==Demographics==
On 15 August 1947, the [[Indian Independence Act 1947]] came into force, and for the next two days [[Nadia]], along with [[Murshidabad]], [[Malda district|Malda]], and [[West Dinajpur district|West Dinajpur]] (present-day [[North Dinajpur]] and [[South Dinajpur]]) due to [[Muslim-majority|Muslim majority]], were part of the [[Dominion of Pakistan]] (specifically [[East Bengal]] or [[East Pakistan]], which seceded as [[Bangladesh]] in 1971). On 17 August 1947, the final boundary adjustment of the [[Radcliffe Commission]] transferred these districts to the [[Dominion of India]] (specifically [[West Bengal]]) ,<ref name="Murshidabad Govt Website"/> to ensure the [[Hooghly River]] was entirely within India and to maintain connectivity between [[Kolkata]] and [[Guwahati]] through [[Darjeeling]] district. But, later Nadia and [[West Dinajpur district|West Dinajpur]] became [[Hindu]]-majority districts due to the arrival of large number of [[Bengali Hindu]] refugees from [[East Bengal]] of [[Pakistan]] during 1947 and [[Bangladesh]] ([[East Bengal]]) liberation war in 1971.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chatterji |first1=Joya |title=The Spoils of Partition: Bengal and India, 1947–1967 |date=2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781139468305 |page=59 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjQ0iWSq2R0C&pg=PA59 |access-date=21 June 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,71,672|13=1911|14=7,74,459|15=1921|16=7,10,455|17=1931|18=7,20,944|19=1941|20=8,39,308|21=1951|22=11,42,686|23=1961|24=17,11,830|25=1971|26=22,23,911|27=1981|28=29,64,253|29=1991|30=38,52,097|31=2001|32=46,04,827|33=2011|34=51,67,600|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Nadia district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 5,167,600,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date =30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the US state of [[Colorado]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote =Colorado 5,029,196
 
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 18th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 1316 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.24%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Nadia has a [[sex ratio]] of 947 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 75.58%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 29.9% and 2.7% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>
Pre-independence Nadia had five subdivisions: Krishnagar sadar, Ranaghat, [[Kushtia District|Kushtia]], [[Meherpur District|Meherpur]] and [[Chuadanga District|Chuadanga]]. Due to some cartographic error in 1947, large part of Nadia except Nabadwip initially were included into East Pakistan (now [[Bangladesh]]) due to it being a Muslim majority district in the 1941 census of [[British India]].  Due to protests rectification was made and on the night of August 17, 1947, Ranaghat, Krishnanagar, Shikarpur in Karimpur and Plassey were placed in India. Since then some parts of this district have been celebrating Independence day on August 17 and August 18.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/District-level-map-of-Bengal-indicating-the-Radcliffe-line-thick-black-line-and-the_fig1_309516916/amp|title=District-level map of Bengal indicating the Radcliffe line and the expected border according to majority religious demographics}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|agency=TNN|date=Aug 19, 2011|title=Nadia keeps a date with history {{!}} Kolkata News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/nadia-keeps-a-date-with-history/articleshow/9654550.cms|access-date=2022-02-21|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-08-16|title=In West Bengal, some villages celebrate Independence Day after August 15; here's why|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/research/west-bengal-partition-india-independence-day-5908464/|access-date=2022-02-21|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
{{See also| List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate}}


=== Religions ===
Nadia district is also historically significant as the birthplace of [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]], a revered figure in [[Hinduism]]. He was born in [[Nabadwip]], a town in the Nadia district, on the full moon night of 18 February 1486. Known as Gauranga for his molten gold-like complexion, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu is considered an avatar of [[Lord Krishna]] by his followers. He founded Gaudiya Vaishnavism and popularized the chanting of the Hare Krishna Maha-mantra. His birthplace, known as Yogpeeth in Mayapur, is a major pilgrimage site for devotees.
As per the 2011 Census, Hinduism is the majority religion of the district, followed by 72.15% of the population. It is followed by Islam (26.76%) and Christianity (0.65%).<ref name="districtcensus" />
{{Pie chart
|thumb = left
|caption = Religions of Nadia (2011)<ref name="census2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/10-nadia.html|title=Nadia Religion 2011|access-date=22 March 2017}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Hinduism]]|color1 = DarkOrange
|value1 = 72.15
|label2 = [[Islam]]|color2 = Green
|value2 = 26.76
|label3 = [[Christianity]]|color3 = DodgerBlue
|value3 = 0.65
|label4 = [[Buddhism]]|color4 = Maroon
|value4 = 0.01
|label5 = [[Jainism]]|color6 = Pink
|value5 = 0.01
|label6 = [[Sikhism]]|color5 = Gold
|value6 = 0.02
|label7 = Other Religions|color7 = Black
|value7 = 0.33
|label8 = [[Irreligion]]|color8 = Gray
|value8 = 0.07
}}
{{ Pie chart
|thumb = left
|caption = Languages of Nadia District (2011).<ref name=m>http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html</ref><ref name=censusindia>{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Part-A.pdf |title=DISTRIBUTION OF THE 22 SCHEDULED LANGUAGES-INDIA/STATES/UNION TERRITORIES - 2011 CENSUS  |archive-date=29 March 2016  }}</ref>
|label1 = Bengali |value1 = 98.02 |color1 = Blue
|label2 = Hindi |value2 = 0.96 |color2 = Orange
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.53 |color3 = Grey
|label4 = Sadri |value4 = 0.49 |color5 = Yellow
}}


==Governance==
==Governance==
===District Administration===
[[File:Nadia Tehsil Map (en).svg|thumb|Administration of the district]]
 
===District administration===
The District of Nadia has its headquarter at Krishnanagar town. The British district of Nadia was formed in 1787. The present district of Nadia after partition was formed by Notification No.545-GA dated 23 February 1948. The District Administration is headed by the District Magistrate & District Collector, Nadia.
The District of Nadia has its headquarter at Krishnanagar town. The British district of Nadia was formed in 1787. The present district of Nadia after partition was formed by Notification No.545-GA dated 23 February 1948. The District Administration is headed by the District Magistrate & District Collector, Nadia.


===Administrative subdivisions===
===Administrative subdivisions===
The district comprises four subdivisions: Krishnanagar Sadar, Kalyani, Ranaghat and Tehatta. '''Krishnanagar Sadar''' subdivision consists of [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] municipality, [[Nabadwip]] municipality and seven community development blocks: Kaliganj, Nakashipara, Chapra, Krishnanagar&ndash;I, Krishnanagar&ndash;II, Nabadwip and Krishnaganj. '''Kalyani''' subdivision consists of [[Chakdaha]] municipality, [[Haringhata]] municipality, [[Gayespur]] municipality, [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]] municipality and 3 community development blocks: Kalyani, Chakdaha and Haringhata. '''Ranaghat''' subdivision consists of [[Shantipur]] municipality, [[Ranaghat]] municipality, [[Birnagar]] municipality, [[Taherpur]] notified area, [[Cooper's Camp]] notified area and four community development blocks: Hanskhali, Shantipur, Ranaghat&ndash;I and Ranaghat&ndash;II. '''Tehatta''' subdivision consists of four community development blocks: Karimpur&ndash;I, Karimpur&ndash;II, Tehatta&ndash;I and Tehatta&ndash;II.<ref name=blocdir>{{cite web
The district comprises four subdivisions: [[Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision|Krishnanagar Sadar]], [[Kalyani subdivision|Kalyani]], [[Ranaghat subdivision|Ranaghat]] and [[Tehatta subdivision|Tehatta]].<ref name="blocdir">{{cite web
  |url        = http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs(RevisedMarch-2008).doc
  |url        = http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs(RevisedMarch-2008).doc
  |title      = Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008
  |title      = Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008
Line 112: Line 106:
  |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090225032419/http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs%28RevisedMarch-2008%29.doc
  |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090225032419/http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs%28RevisedMarch-2008%29.doc
  |archive-date = 25 February 2009
  |archive-date = 25 February 2009
}}</ref> [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] is the district headquarters. There are 19 police stations, 2 women's and 1 cyber crime police stations, 17 community development blocks, 11 municipalities, 187 [[gram panchayat]]s (3114 sets) and 2639 villages in this district.<ref name=blocdir/><ref name=adminsetup>{{cite web
}}</ref> [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] is the district headquarters. There are 19 police stations, 2 women's and 1 cyber crime police stations, 18 community development blocks, 11 municipalities, 187 [[gram panchayat]]s (3114 sets) and 2639 villages in this district.<ref name="blocdir" /><ref name="adminsetup">{{cite web
| url = http://www.nadia.nic.in/District_Profile/District_Profile-Details-page1/district_profile-details-page1.html
| url = http://www.nadia.nic.in/District_Profile/District_Profile-Details-page1/district_profile-details-page1.html
| title = District Profile
| title = District Profile
Line 123: Line 117:


Other than municipality area, each subdivision contains community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns. In total there are 26 urban units: 9 municipalities and 15 [[census town]]s and two [[notified area]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bankura.gov.in/Census/PCA/Table-1.xls |title=Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001 |access-date=12 November 2008 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Directorate of census operations }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> [[Ranaghat]], [[Aistala]], [[Satigachha]], [[Nasra]] and [[Cooper's Camp]] together forms Ranaghat [[urban agglomeration]]. [[Nabadwip]], [[Char Maijdia]] and [[Char Brahmanagar]] forms Nabadwip UA. [[Chakdaha]], [[Gopalpur, West Bengal|Gopalpur]] and [[Parbbatipur]] forms Chakdaha UA. [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] and [[Badkulla]] together forms Krishnanagar UA. [[Birnagar]], [[Phulia]] and [[Taherpur]] together forms Birnagar UA.
Other than municipality area, each subdivision contains community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns. In total there are 26 urban units: 9 municipalities and 15 [[census town]]s and two [[notified area]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bankura.gov.in/Census/PCA/Table-1.xls |title=Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001 |access-date=12 November 2008 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Directorate of census operations }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> [[Ranaghat]], [[Aistala]], [[Satigachha]], [[Nasra]] and [[Cooper's Camp]] together forms Ranaghat [[urban agglomeration]]. [[Nabadwip]], [[Char Maijdia]] and [[Char Brahmanagar]] forms Nabadwip UA. [[Chakdaha]], [[Gopalpur, West Bengal|Gopalpur]] and [[Parbbatipur]] forms Chakdaha UA. [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] and [[Badkulla]] together forms Krishnanagar UA. [[Birnagar]], [[Phulia]] and [[Taherpur]] together forms Birnagar UA.
{| class="wikitable"
|+CD blocks and other localities in Nadia district
![[Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision|Krishnanagar Sadar]]
![[Kalyani subdivision|Kalyani]]
![[Ranaghat subdivision|Ranaghat]]
![[Tehatta subdivision|Tehatta]]
|-
|[[Kaliganj (community development block)|Kaliganj]]
|[[Chakdaha (community development block)|Chakdaha]]
|[[Hanskhali (community development block)|Hanskhali]]
|[[Karimpur I]]
|-
|[[Nakashipara (community development block)|Nakashipara]]
|Kalyani
|[[Santipur (community development block)|Santipur]]
|[[Karimpur II]]
|-
|[[Chapra, Nadia (community development block)|Chapra]]
|[[Haringhata (community development block)|Haringhata]]
|[[Ranaghat I]]
|[[Tehatta I]]
|-
|[[Krishnanagar I]]
|[[Chakdaha|Chakdaha (M)]]
|[[Ranaghat II]]
|[[Tehatta II]]
|-
|[[Krishnanagar II]]
|[[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani (M)]]
|[[Shantipur|Shantipur (M)]]
|
|-
|[[Nabadwip (community development block)|Nabadwip]]
|[[Gayespur|Gayespur (M)]]
|[[Ranaghat|Ranaghat (M)]]
|
|-
|[[Krishnaganj (community development block)|Krishnaganj]]
|[[Haringhata|Haringhata (M)]]
|[[Birnagar|Birnagar (M)]]
|
|-
|[[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnangar (M)]]
|
|[[Taherpur|Taherpur (NA)]]
|
|-
|[[Nabadwip|Nabadwip (M)]]
|
|[[Cooper's Camp|Cooper's Camp (NA)]]
|
|}


====[[Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision]]====
===Assembly constituencies===
* [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]: municipality
The district is divided into 17 assembly constituencies, which are part of four Lok Sabha constituencies.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 |url=http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813092204/http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |archive-date=2011-08-13 |access-date=2009-08-29 |publisher=Government of West Bengal}}</ref>
* [[Nabadwip]]: municipality
{| class="wikitable"
* [[Kaliganj (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 15&nbsp;[[gram panchayat]]s.
|-
* [[Nakashipara (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 15&nbsp;gram panchayats and two census town: [[Jagadanandapur]] and [[Kshidirpur]].
! S No. !! Constituency Name
* [[Chapra, Nadia (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with only 13&nbsp;gram panchayats.
!Lok Sabha Constituency
* [[Krishnanagar I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 12&nbsp;gram panchayats and one census town: [[Baruihuda]].
!MLA
* [[Krishnanagar II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 7&nbsp;gram panchayats.
! colspan="2" |Party
* [[Nabadwip (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 8&nbsp;gram panchayats and three census towns: [[Bablari Dewanganj]], [[Char Maijdia]] and [[Char Brahmanagar]].
|-
* [[Krishnaganj (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 7&nbsp;gram panchayats.
| 77 || [[Karimpur Assembly constituency|Karimpur]]
|[[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]]
|[[Bimalendu Sinha Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 78 || [[Tehatta Assembly constituency|Tehatta]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Krishnanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar]]
|Tapas Kumar Saha
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 79 || [[Palashipara Assembly constituency|Palashipara]]
|Manik Bhattacharya
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 80 || [[Kaliganj Assembly constituency|Kaliganj]]
|Nasiruddin Ahamed
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 81 || [[Nakashipara Assembly constituency|Nakshipara]]
|Kallol Khan
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 82 || [[Chapra, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Chapra]]
|[[Rukbanur Rahman]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 83 || [[Krishnanagar Uttar Assembly constituency|Krishnanagar Uttar]]
|Vacant<ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Railway Minister and TMC Leader Mukul Roy Dies at 71 |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/west-bengal/former-railway-minister-tmc-leader-mukul-roy-passes-away-at-71-3908193 |access-date=2026-03-20 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 84 ||[[Nabadwip Assembly constituency|Nabadwip]]
|[[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat (SC)]]
|[[Pundarikakshya Saha]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 85 || [[Krishnanagar Dakshin Assembly constituency|Krishnanagar Dakshin]]
|[[Krishnanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar]]
|[[Ujjal Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 86 || [[Santipur Assembly constituency|Santipur]]
| rowspan="6"|[[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat (SC)]]
|[[Braja Kishore Goswami]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 87 || [[Ranaghat Uttar Paschim Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Uttar Paschim]]
|[[Parthasarathi Chatterjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 88 || [[Krishnaganj Assembly constituency|Krishnaganj (SC)]]
|[[Ashis Kumar Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 89 || [[Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Uttar Purba (SC)]]
|[[Ashim Biswas (politician)|Ashim Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 90 || [[Ranaghat Dakshin Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Dakshin (SC)]]
|[[Mukut Mani Adhikari]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 91 || [[Chakdaha Assembly constituency|Chakdaha]]
|[[Bankim Chandra Ghosh]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 92 || [[Kalyani Assembly constituency|Kalyani (SC)]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Bangaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bangaon (SC)]]
|[[Ambika Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 93 || [[Haringhata Assembly constituency|Haringhata (SC)]]
|[[Asim Kumar Sarkar]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}
 
=== Lok Sabha Constituencies ===
The district encompasses four Lok Sabha constituencies completely or partially.<ref name=":1" />
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!S
No.
!Lok Sabha
Constituency
!Member of Parliament
!Party
|-
|11
|[[Murshidabad Lok Sabha constituency|Murshidabad]]
|[[Abu Taher Khan]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|12
|[[Krishnanagar Lok Sabha constituency|Krishnanagar]]
|[[Mahua Moitra]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|13
|[[Ranaghat Lok Sabha constituency|Ranaghat (SC)]]
|[[Jagannath Sarkar (BJP politician)|Jagannath Sarkar]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|14
|[[Bangaon Lok Sabha constituency|Bangaon (SC)]]
|[[Shantanu Thakur]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}


====[[Kalyani subdivision]]====
==Demographics==
* [[Chakdaha]]: municipality
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,71,672|13=1911|14=7,74,459|15=1921|16=7,10,455|17=1931|18=7,20,944|19=1941|20=8,40,303|21=1951|22=11,42,686|23=1961|24=17,11,830|25=1971|26=22,23,911|27=1981|28=29,64,253|29=1991|30=38,52,097|31=2001|32=46,04,827|33=2011|34=51,67,600|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=center}}
* [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]]: municipality
* [[Gayespur]]: municipality
* [[Haringhata]]: municipality
* [[Chakdaha (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 10&nbsp;gram panchayats and two census towns: [[Darappur]] [[Madanpur, Nadia|and Chanduria - Nadia]].
* [[Kalyani (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 7 gram Panchayat and two census towns : Madanpur And Saguna
* [[Haringhata (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 10&nbsp;gram panchayats.


====[[Ranaghat subdivision]]====
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Nadia district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 5,167,600,<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Nadia |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1346/download/4398/DH_2011_1910_PART_A_DCHB_NADIA.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> roughly equal to the US state of [[Colorado]].<ref>{{cite web |title=2010 Resident Population Data |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |access-date=30 September 2011 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |quote=Colorado 5,029,196 |archive-date=27 December 2010 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20101227010452/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 18th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name="districtcensus" /> The district has a population density of {{convert|1316|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name="districtcensus" /> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.24%.<ref name="districtcensus" /> Nadia has a [[sex ratio]] of 947 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name="districtcensus" /> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 75.58%. 27.84% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 29.93% and 2.72% of the population respectively.<ref name="districtcensus" /> [[Bengali language|Bengali]] is the predominant language, spoken by 98.02% of the population.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
* [[Shantipur]]: municipality
* [[Ranaghat]]: municipality
* [[Birnagar]]: municipality
* [[Taherpur]]: notified area
* [[Cooper's Camp]]: notified area
* [[Hanskhali (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 13&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Santipur (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 10&nbsp;gram panchayats and one census town, [[Phulia]].
* [[Ranaghat I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 10&nbsp;gram panchayats and four census towns: [[Aistala]], [[Satigachha]], Gopalpur and [[Parbbatipur]]
* [[Ranaghat II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 14&nbsp;gram panchayats and one census town: [[Nasra, Ranaghat|Nasra]]


====[[Tehatta subdivision]]====
{{See also|List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate}}
* [[Karimpur I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 8&nbsp;gram panchayats and one census town: [[Karimpur]].
* [[Karimpur II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 10&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Tehatta I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 11&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Tehatta II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 7&nbsp;gram panchayats.


===Assembly constituencies===
{{bar box
The district is divided into 17 [[assembly constituency|assembly constituencies]]:<ref>{{cite web | url = http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S25/WB_ACPC.pdf | title = General election to the Legislative Assembly, 2001 – List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies | access-date = 22 November 2008 | work = West Bengal | publisher = Election Commission of India | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060504185949/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S25/WB_ACPC.pdf | archive-date = 4 May 2006 }}</ref>
|title=Religion in Nadia district (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
#[[Karimpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Karimpur]] (assembly constituency no. 77),
|titlebar=#Fcd116
#[[Tehatta (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Tehatta]] (assembly constituency no. 78),
|float=right
#[[Palashipara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Palashipara]] (assembly constituency no. 79),
|bars=
#[[Kaliganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kaliganj]] (assembly constituency no. 80),
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|72.15}}
#[[Nakashipara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nakshipara]] (assembly constituency no. 81),
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|26.76}}
#[[Chapra (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chapra]] (assembly constituency no. 82),
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in West Bengal|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|0.65}}
#[[Krishnanagar Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar Uttar]] (assembly constituency no. 83),
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.44}}
#[[Nabadwip (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nabadwip]] (assembly constituency no. 84),
}}
#[[Krishnanagar Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar Dakshin]] (assembly constituency no. 85),
#[[Santipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Santipur]] (assembly constituency no. 86),
#[[Ranaghat Uttar Paschim (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Uttar Paschim]] (assembly constituency no. 87),
#[[Krishnaganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnaganj (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 88),
#[[Ranaghat Uttar Purba (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Uttar Purba (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 89),
#[[Ranaghat Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Dakshin (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 90),
#[[Chakdaha (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chakdaha]] (assembly constituency no. 91),
#[[Kalyani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kalyani (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 92) and
#[[Haringhata (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Haringhata (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 93).


Krishnaganj, Ranaghat Dakshin, Kalyani, Haringhata, Ranaghat Uttar Purba and Kaliganj constituencies are reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Castes (SC)]] candidates. Along with six assembly constituencies from [[Murshidabad district]], Karimpur assembly constituency forms the [[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)]]. Palashipara, Nakashipara, Kaliganj, Chapra, Krishnaganj, Krishnanagar East and Krishnanagar West constituencies form the [[Krishnagar (Lok Sabha constituency)]]. Nabadwip, Shantipur, Hanskhali, Ranaghat East, Ranaghat West, Chakdaha and Haringhata assembly constituencies form the [[Nabadwip (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which is reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Castes (SC)]] candidates.
=== Religion ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Religion in present-day Nadia district
! rowspan="2" |Religion
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="1941religion">{{cite web |title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI BENGAL PROVINCE |url=https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/37365/GIPE-020591.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |access-date=13 August 2022}}</ref>{{rp|75}}
! colspan="2" |1951<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/30075/download/33256/44366_1951_NAD.pdf |title=District Census Handbook: Nadia |publisher=Census of India |year=1961}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1961<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/28560/download/31742/22156_1961_NAD.pdf |title=District Census Handbook 1961: Nadia |publisher=Census of India |year=1967}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref>{{cite web |title=District Statistical Handbook 2014 Nadia |url=http://www.dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302072706/http://dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |archive-date=2 March 2017 |access-date=2 May 2017 |work=Table 17.1 |publisher=Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="religion" />
|-
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
|-
|[[Islam]] [[File:Star_and_Crescent.svg|15x15px]]
| align="right" |430,704
|51.26%
| align="right" |256,017
|22.36%
| align="right" |417,706
|24.38%
| align="right" |1,170,282
|25.41%
| align="right" |1,382,682
|26.76%
|-
|[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|16x16px]]
| align="right" |392,225
|46.68%
| align="right" |881,955
|77.03%
| align="right" |1,284,173
|74.95%
| align="right" |3,396,095
|73.75%
| align="right" |3,728,482
|72.15%
|-
|Tribal religion
| align="right" |10,332
|1.23%
| align="right" |11
|~0%
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|-
|[[Christianity in West Bengal|Christianity]] [[File:Christian_cross.svg|21x21px]]
| align="right" |6,632
|0.79%
| align="right" |5,885
|0.51%
| align="right" |10,840
|0.63%
| align="right" |29,563
|0.64%
| align="right" |33,835
|0.65%
|-
|Others{{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Christianity]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}}
| align="right" |410
|0.04%
| align="right" |1,056
|0.10%
| align="right" |605
|0.04%
| align="right" |8,887
|0.20%
| align="right" |22,601
|0.44%
|-
!Total Population
!840,303
!100%
!1,144,924
!100%
!1,713,324
!100%
!4,604,827
!100%
!5,167,600
!100%
|}
As per the 2011 Census, Hinduism is the majority religion of the district, followed by 73.15% of the population. Hinduism became majority in the district after Independence, when Nadia became the destination for millions of refugees from East Pakistan, and from Bangladesh after 1971.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>


===Impact of delimitation of constituencies===
Over 90% of Muslims live in rural areas. Muslims are majority in Karimpur II (60.38%), Kaliganj (58.51%), Nakashipara (54.06%), and Chapra (59.72%) CD blocks. Muslims are a significant minority in Tehatta II (47.89%), Krishnanagar II (42.84%), and Nabadwip (35.20%).
As per order of the [[Delimitation Commission]] in respect of the [[delimitation of constituencies]] in the West Bengal, the district will be divided into 17 assembly constituencies:<ref>{{cite web
{| class="wikitable sortable"
| url = http://www.wbgov.com/e-gov/English/DELIMITATION.pdf  | title = Press Note, Delimitation Commission| access-date =22 November 2008 | work = Assembly Constituencies in West Bengal| publisher =Delimitation Commission}}</ref>
!CD Block
{|class="wikitable"
!Hindu %
!Muslim %
!Other %
|-
|[[Karimpur I]]
| style="background:darkorange" |67.77
|31.95
|0.28
|-
|[[Karimpur II]]
|39.52
| style="background:green;color:white" |60.38
|0.10
|-
|-
! Sl. No. !! Assembly Name !! Reservation !! Constituency no.
|[[Tehatta I]]
| style="background:darkorange" |68.95
|29.21
|1.84
|-
|-
| 1 || [[Karimpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Karimpur]] || rowspan=11 {{n/a}} || 77
|[[Tehatta II]]
| style="background:darkorange" |52.00
|47.89
|0.11
|-
|-
| 2 || [[Tehatta (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Tehatta]] || 78
|[[Kaliganj (community development block)|Kaliganj]]
|41.36
| style="background:green;color:white" |58.51
|0.13
|-
|-
| 3 || [[Palashipara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Palashipara]] || 79
|[[Nakashipara (community development block)|Nakashipara]]
|46.53
| style="background:green;color:white" |53.06
|0.41
|-
|-
| 4 || [[Kaliganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kaliganj]] || 80
|[[Chapra, Nadia (community development block)|Chapra]]
|37.15
| style="background:green;color:white" |59.72
|3.13
|-
|-
| 5 || [[Nakashipara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nakshipara]] || 81
|[[Krishnanagar I]]
| style="background:darkorange" |82.78
|15.25
|0.14
|-
|-
| 6 || [[Chapra (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chapra]] || 82
|[[Krishnanagar II]]
| style="background:darkorange" |57.02
|42.84
|0.41
|-
|-
| 7 || [[Krishnanagar Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar Uttar]] || 83
|[[Nabadwip (community development block)|Nabadwip]]
| style="background:darkorange" |64.39
|35.20
|1.97
|-
|-
| 8 || [[Nabadwip (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nabadwip]] || 84
|[[Krishnaganj (community development block)|Krishnaganj]]
| style="background:darkorange" |93.98
|5.86
|0.16
|-
|-
| 9 || [[Krishnanagar Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar Dakshin]] || 85
|[[Hanskhali (community development block)|Hanskhali]]
| style="background:darkorange" |87.98
|11.39
|0.63
|-
|-
| 10 || [[Santipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Santipur]] || 86  
|[[Santipur (community development block)|Santipur]]
|-
| style="background:darkorange" |86.45
| 11 || [[Ranaghat Uttar Paschim (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Uttar Paschim]] || 87
|11.85
|1.7
|-
|-
| 12 || [[Krishnaganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Krishnaganj]] || [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|SC]] || 88
|[[Ranaghat I]]
| style="background:darkorange" |93.82
|5.67
|0.51
|-
|-
| 13 || [[Ranaghat Uttar Purba (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Uttar Purba]] || [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|SC]] || 89
|[[Ranaghat II]]
| style="background:darkorange" |85.65
|12.59
|1.76
|-
|-
| 14 || [[Ranaghat Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat Dakshin]] || [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|SC]] || 90
|[[Chakdaha (community development block)|Chakdaha]]
| style="background:darkorange" |83.66
|14.65
|1.69
|-
|-
| 15 || [[Chakdaha (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chakdaha]] || {{n/a}} || 91
|[[Haringhata (community development block)|Haringhata]]
|-
| style="background:darkorange" |73.09
| 16 || [[Kalyani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kalyani]] || [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|SC]] || 92
|26.19
|0.72
|-
|-
| 17 || [[Haringhata (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Haringhata]] || [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|SC]] || 93
|Area not under any sub-district
| style="background:darkorange" |93.32
|5.50
|1.18
|}
|}


Line 230: Line 501:
==Education==
==Education==
===University===
===University===
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya]]  
* [[Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya]]  
* [[Kalyani University]]  
* [[Kalyani University]]  
Line 238: Line 508:
* [[All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani]]
* [[All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani]]
* [[National Institute of Biomedical Genomics]]
* [[National Institute of Biomedical Genomics]]
{{div col end}}


===College===
===College===
* Tehatta Government ITI College, Tehatta
* [[Tehatta Government College]], [[Tehatta]]
* [[Tehatta Government College]], [[Tehatta]]
* [[Kaliganj Government College]], [[Debagram]]
* [[Kaliganj Government College]], [[Debagram]]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Karimpur Pannadevi College]], [[Karimpur]]
* [[Karimpur Pannadevi College]], [[Karimpur]]
* [[Srikrishna College]], [[Bagula]]
* [[Srikrishna College]], [[Bagula]]
* [[Sudhiranjan Lahiri Mahavidyalaya]], [[Majhdia, Krishnaganj|Majhdia]]
* [[Sudhiranjan Lahiri Mahavidyalaya]], [[Majhdia, Krishnaganj|Majhdia]]
* [[Santipur College]], [[Santipur]]
* [[Santipur College]], [[Santipur]]
* [[Indian Institute of Handloom Technology]], Fulia
* [[Industrial Training Institute]], Fulia
* [[Ranaghat College]], Ranaghat
* [[Ranaghat College]], Ranaghat
* [[Ranaghat Government Polytechnic]], [[Ranaghat]]
* Ranaghat Government Polytechnic, [[Ranaghat]]
* [[Nabadwip Vidyasagar College]], [[Nabadwip]]
* [[Nabadwip Vidyasagar College]], [[Nabadwip]]
* [[Krishnagar Government College]], [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]
* [[Krishnagar Government College]], [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]
Line 257: Line 526:
* [[Dwijendralal College]], Krishnanagar
* [[Dwijendralal College]], Krishnanagar
* [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar College]], [[Betai]]
* [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar College]], [[Betai]]
* [[Chakdaha College]], [[Chakdaha]]
* [[Chakdaha College]], Chakdaha
* [[Plassey College]], [[Plassey]]
* [[Plassey College]], [[Plassey]]
* [[Pritilata Waddedar Mahavidyalaya]], [[Panikhali]]
* [[Pritilata Waddedar Mahavidyalaya]], [[Panikhali]]
* [[Bipradas Pal Chowdhury Institute of Technology]], Krishnanagar
* [[Bipradas Pal Chowdhury Institute of Technology]], Krishnanagar
* [[Mirmadan Mohanlal Government Polytechnic]], [[Plassey]]
* [[Asannagar Madan Mohan Tarkalankar College]], [[Asannagar]]
* [[Asannagar Madan Mohan Tarkalankar College]], [[Asannagar]]
* [[Bethuadahari College]], [[Bethuadahri]]
* [[Bethuadahari College]], [[Bethuadahri]]
Line 269: Line 539:
* [[Kalyani Government Engineering College]], Kalyani
* [[Kalyani Government Engineering College]], Kalyani
* [[College of Medicine & JNM Hospital]], Kalyani
* [[College of Medicine & JNM Hospital]], Kalyani
{{div col end}}


===Private College===
===Private college===
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* Global Institute of Management and Technology, Krishnanagar
* [[JIS College of Engineering]], Kalyani
* [[JIS College of Engineering]], Kalyani
* [[Ideal Institute of Engineering]], Kalyani
* [[Ideal Institute of Engineering]], Kalyani
* Matiary B.Ed collage, Matiary
* Krishnanagar Institute of Medical Science, [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]
{{div col end}}


==Transport==
==Transport==
Line 286: Line 552:
* [[Kalinarayanpur Junction railway station|Kalinarayanpur Junction]] is 78&nbsp;km from Sealdah on the Sealdha-Lalgola section of Eastern Railway.
* [[Kalinarayanpur Junction railway station|Kalinarayanpur Junction]] is 78&nbsp;km from Sealdah on the Sealdha-Lalgola section of Eastern Railway.
* [[Ranaghat Junction railway station|Ranaghat Junction]] is 74&nbsp;km from Sealdah on the Sealdah-Lalgola Section of Eastern Railway.
* [[Ranaghat Junction railway station|Ranaghat Junction]] is 74&nbsp;km from Sealdah on the Sealdah-Lalgola Section of Eastern Railway.
* [[Kalyani railway station|Kalyani Junction]] is 48&nbsp;km from Sealdah on the Sealdah-Lalgola Section of Eastern Railway.


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Basanta Kumar Biswas]], independence revolutionary  
* [[Madanmohan Tarkalankar]], Bengali Renaissance, Poet
* [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]], Bengali Hindu mystic, saint, proponent of Bhakti yoga and Achintya Bheda Abheda philosophy
* [[Rani Rashmoni]], Zamindar and philanthropist
* [[Gagan Chandra Biswas]], Indian industrialist, engineer and Zamindar
* [[Satyendra Nath Bose]], Indian mathematician and physicist specializing in theoretical physics
* [[Sourindra Mohan Sircar]], Indian botanist, plant physiologist
* [[Jagadananda Roy]], Science fiction writer
* [[Suresh Biswas]], adventurer
* [[Sharat Kumar Roy]], Indian American geologist, first Indian to go in an expedition to North pole
* [[Basanta Kumar Biswas]], independence revolutionary and martyr
* [[Dwijendralal Ray]], poet, playwright and lyricist
* [[Dwijendralal Ray]], poet, playwright and lyricist
* [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]], Bengali Hindu mystic, saint, Bhakti yoga, Achintya Bheda Abheda
* [[Krittibas Ojha]], medieval Bengali poet
* [[Krittibas Ojha]], medieval Bengali poet
* [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], actor, dramatist
* [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], actor, dramatist
* [[Rakhee Gulzar]],is an Indian film actress.
* [[Joy Goswami]], poet and essayist
* [[Rakhee Gulzar]], actress.
* [[Jhulan Goswami]], cricketer
* [[Jhulan Goswami]], cricketer
* [[Ramtanu Lahiri]], social reformer
* [[Ramtanu Lahiri]], social reformer
* [[Bagha Jatin]], Bengali revolutionary
* [[Prabhat Kumar Mukhopadhyaya]], a Bengali author best known for his biography of Rabindranath Tagore
* [[Lalon Shah]], Sufi saint, philosopher, social reformer
* [[Anantahari Mitra]], Bengali revolutionary  
* [[Haripada Chattopadhyay]], freedom fighter and Member of Parliament
* [[Bikash Roy]], Indian actor and filmmaker
* [[Bikash Roy]], Indian actor and filmmaker
* [[Subhash Mukhopadhyay (poet)|Subhash Mukhopadhyay]], poet
* [[Subhash Mukhopadhyay (poet)|Subhash Mukhopadhyay]], poet
* [[Jagannath Majumdar]], independence revolutionary and politician
* [[Sudhir Chakraborty]], educator
* [[Sudhir Chakraborty]], educator
* [[Jyotirmoyee Sikdar]], athlete
* [[Jyotirmoyee Sikdar]], athlete
Line 308: Line 586:
* [[Hemanta Kumar Sarkar]], philologist, author, leader of Freedom Movement
* [[Hemanta Kumar Sarkar]], philologist, author, leader of Freedom Movement
* Dr. [[Sudhir Chakraborty]], educationist and essayist
* Dr. [[Sudhir Chakraborty]], educationist and essayist
* Basanta Singha Roy, mountaineer, climbed [[Mount Everest]] in 2010.<ref>https://m.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/mountain-man/cid/1667830</ref>
* [[Swadhin Kumar Mandal]], Indian Chemist and [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology]] awardee
* [[Mohammad Mozammel Huq]], poet, journalist
* [[Mohammad Mozammel Huq]], poet, journalist
* [[Gopal Bhar]], courtier and jester
* [[Gopal Bhar]], courtier and jester
* [[Jatindramohan Bagchi]], poet, editor
* [[Jatindramohan Bagchi]], poet, editor
* [[Madan Mohan Tarkalankar]], poet, Sanskrit scholar
* [[Narayan Sanyal]], writer and civil engineer
* [[Narayan Sanyal]],writer and civil engineer
* [[Asim Duttaroy]], a [[Biomedical scientist|Medical Scientist]]
* [[Qazi Motahar Hossain]], polymath, author, scientist, statistician, chess player, and journalist.
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}
== See also ==
* [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]
* [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]]
* [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Pargana]]
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
*{{Official website|http://www.nadia.nic.in}}
*{{Official website|https://nadia.gov.in/}}
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Nadia|volume=19|pages=148–149}}


{{Towns in Nadia District}}
{{Towns in Nadia District}}
Line 329: Line 616:
{{Nadia topics}}
{{Nadia topics}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|23.4|N|88.5|E|display=title|region:IN-WB|format=dms}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Nadia District}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nadia District}}
[[Category:Nadia district| ]]
[[Category:Nadia district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Districts of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:Minority concentrated districts in India]]

Revision as of 23:58, 21 March 2026


Nadia district
District of West Bengal
Clockwise from top-left: Mayapur ISKCON temple, Memorial to the Bengali commanders at Palashi, Jalangi river near Palashipara, Chakdah Masjid, Banana plantation in Bhaktanagar, Somaj Bari Temple in Nabadwip
Location of Nadia district in West Bengal
Location of Nadia district in West Bengal
Coordinates: 23°29′N 88°32′E / 23.483°N 88.533°E / 23.483; 88.533
Country India
State West Bengal
DivisionPresidency
HeadquartersKrishnanagar
Government
 • SubdivisionsKrishnanagar Sadar, Kalyani, Ranaghat, Tehatta
 • CD BlocksKaliganj, Nakashipara, Chapra, Krishnanagar I, Krishnanagar II, Nabadwip, Krishnaganj, Chakdaha, Haringhata, Hanskhali, Santipur, Ranaghat I, Ranaghat II, Karimpur I, Karimpur II, Tehatta I, Tehatta II
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesKrishnanagar, Ranaghat, Bangaon, Murshidabad
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesKarimpur, Tehatta, Palashipara, Kaliganj, Nakashipara, Chapra, Krishnanagar Uttar, Nabadwip, Krishnanagar Dakshin, Santipur, Ranaghat Uttar Paschim, Krishnaganj, Ranaghat Uttar Purba, Ranaghat Dakshin, Chakdaha, Kalyani, Haringhata
Area
 • Total3,927 km2 (1,516 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total5,167,600
 • Density1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
 • Urban
1,438,873
Demographics
 • Literacy75.58 per cent
 • Sex ratio947 ♂/♀
Languages
 • OfficialBengali[1][2]
 • Additional officialEnglish[1]
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Websitenadia.gov.in

Nadia district (bn) is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It lies in the Presidency division. It borders Bangladesh to the east, North 24 Parganas and Hooghly districts to the south, Purba Bardhaman to the west, and Murshidabad to the north.

Nadia district is highly influential in the cultural history of Bengal. The standard form of modern Bengali, developed in the 19th century, is based on the dialect spoken around Shantipur region of Nadia. Known as the "Oxford of Bengal", Nabadwip made many contributions to Indian philosophy, such as the Navya-Nyaya system of logic, and is the birthplace of the Vaishnava saint Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.[3][4] The district is still largely agricultural.[4]

Etymology

"Nadia" is a shortened name for a historic city in the district. Nabadwip, literally "new island", was formerly an island created by alluvial deposits of the Ganga.

Geography

Nadia district is located in southern West Bengal, in the west-central Bengal region. The district is largely an alluvial plain, formed by the constant shifting of the various rivers of the Ganges Delta. To the west of the district is the Bhagirathi (or Hooghly) river, which was once the main distributary of the Ganga towards the Bay of Bengal, and is still considered to be the continuation of the Ganga for Hindus. As the main flow of the Ganga ran east into the Padma, the Bhagirathi largely dried up. Most of the rivers flowing through Nadia now have little water in them. Nearly all the district has been converted into farmland.

Rivers

Nadia district is home to many rivers. The Padma, now the main distributary of the Ganga, touches the district on its northeastern end.

The Jalangi, which flows from Murshidabad district, forms much of the northwestern border of the district with Murshidabad, before flowing south into Nadia district. Around Krishnanagar, it turns west and flows into the Bhagirathi near Nabadwip.

The Mathabhanga originates in the far northeast of the district and forms part of the border with Bangladesh. It then flows into Bangladesh until it, again forming part of the border, re-enters the district at Gede. At Maijdia, it splits into the Churni and Ichamati. The Churni flows southwest and merges with the Bhagirathi at Shibpur near Ranaghat. The Ichamati flows into Bangladesh near Mubarakpur and reenters India near Duttaphulia. It then flows south into North 24 Parganas district.

History

Nabadwip, an ancient town within Nadia district, is often referred to as the "Oxford of Bengal".[3][4] One of the Indian schools of logic (Tarka sastra) called Navya Nyaya system was developed in Nabadwip, which produced great logicians in the 15th century. Nabadwip was an important seat of political power and the capital of Bengal under Ballal Sen and later Lakshman Sen, kings of the Sena Empire, who ruled from 1159 to 1206.[4] In 1202, Nabadwip was captured by Bakhtiyar Khilji. This victory paved the way for Muslim rule in Bengal.[5] The British defeated Siraj ud-Daulah, Nawab of Bengal, at Palashi in this district. The 1859 revolt against European Indigo planters started from the village of Chaugacha, by Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Charan Biswas in Krishnanagar, Nadia.[6] Nadia is thought to have had trade relations with Tibet, Nepal and Bhutan.[7]

On 15 August 1947, the Indian Independence Act 1947 came into force, and for the next two days Nadia, along with Murshidabad, Malda, and West Dinajpur (present-day North Dinajpur and South Dinajpur) due to Muslim majority, were part of the Dominion of Pakistan (specifically East Bengal or East Pakistan, which seceded as Bangladesh in 1971). On 17 August 1947, the final boundary adjustment of the Radcliffe Commission transferred these districts to the Dominion of India (specifically West Bengal) ,[8] to ensure the Hooghly River was entirely within India and to maintain connectivity between Kolkata and Guwahati through Darjeeling district. But, later Nadia and West Dinajpur became Hindu-majority districts due to the arrival of large number of Bengali Hindu refugees from East Bengal of Pakistan during 1947 and Bangladesh (East Bengal) liberation war in 1971.[9]

Pre-independence Nadia had five subdivisions: Krishnagar sadar, Ranaghat, Kushtia, Meherpur and Chuadanga. Due to some cartographic error in 1947, large part of Nadia except Nabadwip initially were included into East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) due to it being a Muslim majority district in the 1941 census of British India. Due to protests rectification was made and on the night of August 17, 1947, Ranaghat, Krishnanagar, Shikarpur in Karimpur and Plassey were placed in India. Since then some parts of this district have been celebrating Independence day on August 17 and August 18.[10][11][12]

Nadia district is also historically significant as the birthplace of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, a revered figure in Hinduism. He was born in Nabadwip, a town in the Nadia district, on the full moon night of 18 February 1486. Known as Gauranga for his molten gold-like complexion, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu is considered an avatar of Lord Krishna by his followers. He founded Gaudiya Vaishnavism and popularized the chanting of the Hare Krishna Maha-mantra. His birthplace, known as Yogpeeth in Mayapur, is a major pilgrimage site for devotees.

Governance

Administration of the district

District administration

The District of Nadia has its headquarter at Krishnanagar town. The British district of Nadia was formed in 1787. The present district of Nadia after partition was formed by Notification No.545-GA dated 23 February 1948. The District Administration is headed by the District Magistrate & District Collector, Nadia.

Administrative subdivisions

The district comprises four subdivisions: Krishnanagar Sadar, Kalyani, Ranaghat and Tehatta.[13] Krishnanagar is the district headquarters. There are 19 police stations, 2 women's and 1 cyber crime police stations, 18 community development blocks, 11 municipalities, 187 gram panchayats (3114 sets) and 2639 villages in this district.[13][14]

Other than municipality area, each subdivision contains community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns. In total there are 26 urban units: 9 municipalities and 15 census towns and two notified areas.[15] Ranaghat, Aistala, Satigachha, Nasra and Cooper's Camp together forms Ranaghat urban agglomeration. Nabadwip, Char Maijdia and Char Brahmanagar forms Nabadwip UA. Chakdaha, Gopalpur and Parbbatipur forms Chakdaha UA. Krishnanagar and Badkulla together forms Krishnanagar UA. Birnagar, Phulia and Taherpur together forms Birnagar UA.

CD blocks and other localities in Nadia district
Krishnanagar Sadar Kalyani Ranaghat Tehatta
Kaliganj Chakdaha Hanskhali Karimpur I
Nakashipara Kalyani Santipur Karimpur II
Chapra Haringhata Ranaghat I Tehatta I
Krishnanagar I Chakdaha (M) Ranaghat II Tehatta II
Krishnanagar II Kalyani (M) Shantipur (M)
Nabadwip Gayespur (M) Ranaghat (M)
Krishnaganj Haringhata (M) Birnagar (M)
Krishnangar (M) Taherpur (NA)
Nabadwip (M) Cooper's Camp (NA)

Assembly constituencies

The district is divided into 17 assembly constituencies, which are part of four Lok Sabha constituencies.[16]

S No. Constituency Name Lok Sabha Constituency MLA Party
77 Karimpur Murshidabad Bimalendu Sinha Roy All India Trinamool Congress
78 Tehatta Krishnanagar Tapas Kumar Saha All India Trinamool Congress
79 Palashipara Manik Bhattacharya All India Trinamool Congress
80 Kaliganj Nasiruddin Ahamed All India Trinamool Congress
81 Nakshipara Kallol Khan All India Trinamool Congress
82 Chapra Rukbanur Rahman All India Trinamool Congress
83 Krishnanagar Uttar Vacant[17]
84 Nabadwip Ranaghat (SC) Pundarikakshya Saha All India Trinamool Congress
85 Krishnanagar Dakshin Krishnanagar Ujjal Biswas All India Trinamool Congress
86 Santipur Ranaghat (SC) Braja Kishore Goswami All India Trinamool Congress
87 Ranaghat Uttar Paschim Parthasarathi Chatterjee Bharatiya Janata Party
88 Krishnaganj (SC) Ashis Kumar Biswas Bharatiya Janata Party
89 Ranaghat Uttar Purba (SC) Ashim Biswas Bharatiya Janata Party
90 Ranaghat Dakshin (SC) Mukut Mani Adhikari All India Trinamool Congress
91 Chakdaha Bankim Chandra Ghosh Bharatiya Janata Party
92 Kalyani (SC) Bangaon (SC) Ambika Roy Bharatiya Janata Party
93 Haringhata (SC) Asim Kumar Sarkar Bharatiya Janata Party

Lok Sabha Constituencies

The district encompasses four Lok Sabha constituencies completely or partially.[16]

S

No.

Lok Sabha

Constituency

Member of Parliament Party
11 Murshidabad Abu Taher Khan All India Trinamool Congress
12 Krishnanagar Mahua Moitra All India Trinamool Congress
13 Ranaghat (SC) Jagannath Sarkar Bharatiya Janata Party
14 Bangaon (SC) Shantanu Thakur Bharatiya Janata Party

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901771,672—    
1911774,459+0.04%
1921710,455−0.86%
1931720,944+0.15%
1941840,303+1.54%
19511,142,686+3.12%
19611,711,830+4.12%
19712,223,911+2.65%
19812,964,253+2.92%
19913,852,097+2.65%
20014,604,827+1.80%
20115,167,600+1.16%
source:[18]

According to the 2011 census Nadia district has a population of 5,167,600,[19] roughly equal to the US state of Colorado.[20] This gives it a ranking of 18th in India (out of a total of 640).[19] The district has a population density of 1,316 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,410/sq mi) .[19] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.24%.[19] Nadia has a sex ratio of 947 females for every 1000 males,[19] and a literacy rate of 75.58%. 27.84% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 29.93% and 2.72% of the population respectively.[19] Bengali is the predominant language, spoken by 98.02% of the population.[21]

See also: List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
Religion in Nadia district (2011)[22]
Hinduism
 
 72.15%
Islam
 
 26.76%
Christianity
 
 0.65%
Other or not stated
 
 0.44%

Religion

Religion in present-day Nadia district
Religion 1941[23]:75 1951[24] 1961[25] 2001[26] 2011[22]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Islam 430,704 51.26% 256,017 22.36% 417,706 24.38% 1,170,282 25.41% 1,382,682 26.76%
Hinduism 392,225 46.68% 881,955 77.03% 1,284,173 74.95% 3,396,095 73.75% 3,728,482 72.15%
Tribal religion 10,332 1.23% 11 ~0% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Christianity 6,632 0.79% 5,885 0.51% 10,840 0.63% 29,563 0.64% 33,835 0.65%
Others[lower-alpha 1] 410 0.04% 1,056 0.10% 605 0.04% 8,887 0.20% 22,601 0.44%
Total Population 840,303 100% 1,144,924 100% 1,713,324 100% 4,604,827 100% 5,167,600 100%

As per the 2011 Census, Hinduism is the majority religion of the district, followed by 73.15% of the population. Hinduism became majority in the district after Independence, when Nadia became the destination for millions of refugees from East Pakistan, and from Bangladesh after 1971.[22]

Over 90% of Muslims live in rural areas. Muslims are majority in Karimpur II (60.38%), Kaliganj (58.51%), Nakashipara (54.06%), and Chapra (59.72%) CD blocks. Muslims are a significant minority in Tehatta II (47.89%), Krishnanagar II (42.84%), and Nabadwip (35.20%).

CD Block Hindu % Muslim % Other %
Karimpur I 67.77 31.95 0.28
Karimpur II 39.52 60.38 0.10
Tehatta I 68.95 29.21 1.84
Tehatta II 52.00 47.89 0.11
Kaliganj 41.36 58.51 0.13
Nakashipara 46.53 53.06 0.41
Chapra 37.15 59.72 3.13
Krishnanagar I 82.78 15.25 0.14
Krishnanagar II 57.02 42.84 0.41
Nabadwip 64.39 35.20 1.97
Krishnaganj 93.98 5.86 0.16
Hanskhali 87.98 11.39 0.63
Santipur 86.45 11.85 1.7
Ranaghat I 93.82 5.67 0.51
Ranaghat II 85.65 12.59 1.76
Chakdaha 83.66 14.65 1.69
Haringhata 73.09 26.19 0.72
Area not under any sub-district 93.32 5.50 1.18

Flora and fauna

In 1980, Nadia district became home to the Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 0.7 km2 (0.3 sq mi).[27]

Education

University

College

Private college

Transport

Rail

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Including Jainism, Christianity, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Ad-Dharmis, or not stated

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Fact and Figures". Wb.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
  2. ↑ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 85. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cotton, H.E.A., Calcutta Old and New, 1909/1980, p1, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Tourism-Details". nadia.nic.in. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
  5. ↑ Tourist Department Archived 9 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ↑ Bhattacharya, Subhas (July 1977). "The Indigo Revolt of Bengal". Social Scientist. 5 (60): 17. JSTOR 3516809. Archived from the original on 19 February 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
  7. ↑ "Rich in History and Tradition Kushtia Previous Name Nadia". 13 February 2018. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
  8. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Murshidabad Govt Website
  9. ↑ Chatterji, Joya (2007). The Spoils of Partition: Bengal and India, 1947–1967. Cambridge University Press. p. 59. ISBN 9781139468305. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
  10. ↑ "District-level map of Bengal indicating the Radcliffe line and the expected border according to majority religious demographics".
  11. ↑ "Nadia keeps a date with history | Kolkata News - Times of India". The Times of India. TNN. 19 August 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  12. ↑ "In West Bengal, some villages celebrate Independence Day after August 15; here's why". The Indian Express. 16 August 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008". West Bengal. National Informatics Centre, India. 19 March 2008. Archived from the original on 25 February 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
  14. ↑ "District Profile". Official website of the Nadia district. Archived from the original on 17 January 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
  15. ↑ "Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001". West Bengal. Directorate of census operations. Retrieved 12 November 2008.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Delimitation Commission Order No. 18" (PDF). Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 August 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2009.
  17. ↑ "Former Railway Minister and TMC Leader Mukul Roy Dies at 71". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 20 March 2026.
  18. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 "District Census Handbook: Nadia" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  20. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Colorado 5,029,196{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  21. ↑ "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  23. ↑ "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI BENGAL PROVINCE" (PDF). Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  24. ↑ District Census Handbook: Nadia (PDF). Census of India. 1961.
  25. ↑ District Census Handbook 1961: Nadia (PDF). Census of India. 1967.
  26. ↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Nadia". Table 17.1. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2017.
  27. ↑ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: West Bengal". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  28. ↑ Eastern Railway time table.

External links

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