Gurgaon district

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Gurgaon district
District of Haryana
Gurugram district
Location of Gurgaon district in Haryana
Location of Gurgaon district in Haryana
CountryIndia
StateHaryana
DivisionGurgaon
HeadquartersGurgaon
Tehsils1. Gurgaon, 2. Sohna, 3. Pataudi, 4. Farukh Nagar 5. Manesar 6. Wazirabad 7. Badshahpur 8. Kadipur 9. Garhi Harsaru
Area
 • Total1,258 km2 (486 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total1,514,432
 • Density1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy84.4%
 • Sex ratio853
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH 48, NH 148A, NH 248A, NH 919, SH 15A, SH 26, MDR 132, MDR 133, MDR 136, MDR 137
Lok Sabha constituenciesGurgaon (Lok Sabha constituency)
Vidhan Sabha constituencies1. Pataudi, 2. Badshahpur, 3. Gurgaon and 4. Sohna
Websitehttp://gurugram.gov.in/

Gurgaon district, officially known as Gurugram district,[1] is one of the 22 districts of Haryana in northern India. The city of Gurgaon is the administrative headquarters of the district. The population is 1,514,432. It is one of the southern districts of Haryana. On its north, it is bounded by the district of Jhajjar and the Union Territory of Delhi. Faridabad district lies to its east. On its south, lie the districts of Palwal and Nuh. To its west lies Rewari district.

History[edit]

According to Mahabharata (900 BCE), the area was granted by the eldest Pandava king Yudhishthira to their teacher Dronacharya. Later is passed in the hands of Maurya empire to invaders like Parthian and Kushan, and Yaudheya after they expelled Kushanas from the area between Yamuna and Satluj. Yodheyas was subjugated by king Rudradaman I of Indo-Scythians and later by Gupta Empire and then by Hunas, who were overthrown by Yashodharman of Mandsaur and then by Yashovarman of Kannauj. Area was also ruled by Harsha (590 - 467 CE), Gurjara-Pratihara (mid 7th century CE to 11th century). Tomara dynasty, who founded Dhillika in 736 CE, were earlier tributaries of Partiharas, overthrew Partiharas. Tomaras were defeated by who were in turn were overthrown in 1156 CE by king Visaladeva Chauhan of Chauhan Dynasty. After the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan conquered the area of Gurgaon, Nuh, Bhiwani and Rewari in 1182 CE. After the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan in 1192 CE, the area came under Qutb al-Din Aibak (1206 CE) of Delhi Sultanate who defeated and killed Prithviraj's son Hemraj who had invaded Mewat are from Alwar. Meo who were all Hindus during those times, killed Sayyid Wajih-ud-din who was sent to subjugate Meos, but they were later suppressed by nephew of Aibak called Miran Hussain Jang and those Meo who remained Hindus were forced to pay Islamic religious tax Jizya and others were forced to convert to Islam. In 1249 CE, Balban killed 2000 rebellious Meos. Meo rebels took away large number of camels of Balban's army in 1257-58 CE. In 1260 CE, Balban retaliated by overrunning the area and killing 250 Meo prisoners and slaughtered 12,000 women, children and surviving men. At the time of invasion of Timur in 1398 CE, Sambar Pal, titled Bahadur Nahar, of Hindu Jadu clan was the prominent king of the area who constructed the fort called Kotla Bahadur Nahar near Kotla lake at Kotla village of Nuh. Sambar Pal was converted to Islam with new name Raja Nahar Khan and became founder of Khanzada Rajputs after submitting to Timur. In 1421 CE, Sayyid dynasty king of Delhi, Khizr Khan defeated Bahadur Nahar's converted son Jalal Khan of Mewat and kotla fort. When in 1425, converted grandsons of Bahadur Nahar named Jalal Khan and Abdul Qadir (Jallu and Qaddu) revolted, they were defeated by Delhi Sultan Mubarak Shah ( 1421– 1434 CE) who overran Mewat and killed Qaddu. Jallu continued the native Mewati rebellion against the Delhi sultanate. In 1527, Hasan Khan Mewati, a descendant of Sambar Pal, sided with Rajput king Rana Sanga and they were defeated by Babur at Battle of Khanwa where Hassan Khan Mewati was killed by Mughals and his son Naher Khan II ruled Mewat as a vassal of Mughals. Aurangzeb sent Jai Singh I to crush the revolting Khanzada Mewati chief Ikram Khan. After the death of Aurangzeb, Bahadurgarh and Farrukhnagar in the north were under the Baloch nawabs who were granted jagir in 1713 CE by Mughal king Farrukhsiyar, central area of Badshapur was under Hindu Badgujar Rajput king Hathi Singh and south including Nuh were under the great Jat king of Bharatpur State, Maharaja Suraj Mal. During Maratha Empire the area was conquered by their French generals in late 18th century and they granted Farukhnagar to George Thomas and Jharsa (Badshahpur) to Begum Sumro and south area including Nuh stayed under the Bharatpur king and their vassal relatives, one of whom was Nahar Singh.[2][3][4]

Geography[edit]

This district contains many small hill ranges which are part of the Aravali and Mangar Bani ranges.

Sub-Divisions[edit]

The Gurgaon district is headed by an IAS officer of the rank of Deputy Commissioner (DC) who is the chief executive officer of the district. The district is divided into 4 sub-divisions, each headed by a Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM): Gurgaon, Sohna, Pataudi and Badshahpur[5]

Revenue tehsils[edit]

The above 4 sub-divisions are divided into 5 revenue tehsils, namely, Gurgaon, Sohna, Pataudi, Farrukhnagar & Manesar and 4 revenue sub-tehsils namely Wazirabad, Badshahpur, Kadipur and Garhi Harsaru. Gurgaon district also comprises 4 Rural development blocks - Gurgaon, Sohna, Pataudi and Farrukhnagar.

Assembly constituencies[edit]

There are 4 Haryana Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in this district: Gurgaon, Sohna, Pataudi and Badshahpur.[6] All 4 of these are part of Gurgaon Lok Sabha constituency.[7]

Industries[edit]

A large number of industries and offices have been established in Gurgaon city, Manesar and Sohna Road. Cyber City on NH8 is a popular location where most Multi National Companies (MNC) have taken large office spaces. All Special Economic Zones (SEZ)s in Haryana state are in Gurgaon, except Sonipat[8]

Demographics[edit]

Religion in Gurgaon district (2011)[9]

  Hinduism (93%)
  Islam (4.7%)
  Sikhism (1.0%)
  Christianity (.7%)
  Others (0.6%)

According to the 2011 census Gurgaon district has a population of 1,514,432,[10] roughly equal to the nation of Gabon[11] or the US state of Hawaii.[12] This gives it a ranking of 328th in India (out of a total of 640).[10] The district has a population density of 1,241 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,210/sq mi) .[10] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 73.93%.[10] Gurgaon has a sex ratio of 853 females for every 1000 males,[10] and a literacy rate of 84.4%.[10]

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 91.91% of the population in the district spoke Hindi, 2.35% Punjabi, 2.20% Bengali, 0.49% Maithili and 0.40% Odia as their first language.[13]

Gurgaon is a Yadav (also use title Rao) and Meo dominated district.[14][15]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901182,978—    
1911159,558−1.36%
1921148,627−0.71%
1931162,464+0.89%
1941186,775+1.40%
1951201,727+0.77%
1961259,655+2.56%
1971348,151+2.98%
1981471,695+3.08%
1991606,791+2.55%
2001874,695+3.72%
20111,514,432+5.64%
source:[16]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ Kumar, Ashok (12 April 2016). "Gurgaon will now be called Gurugram". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
  2. ↑ Gazeteer of Gurgaon 1983 Archived 19 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Haryana Revenue Department, Chapter II, pp.35-45.
  3. ↑ Gazeteer of Gurgaon 1910" Archived 9 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Haryana Revenue Department, Section B, pp.19-24.
  4. ↑ Gazeteer of Gurgaon 1883-84" Archived 28 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Haryana Revenue Department, Chapter II, pp.19-25.
  5. ↑ "District Gurugram - Administrative Setup". gurugram.gov.in. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  6. ↑ "District Wise Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Chief Electoral Officer, Haryana website. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  7. ↑ "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008" (PDF). The Election Commission of India. p. 157.
  8. ↑ "एस ई जेड: भारत में विशेष आर्थिक क्षेत्र". sezindia.nic.in.
  9. ↑ "Population by religion community - 2011". Census of India, 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  11. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. gujjars have many villages in gurgaon. Gabon 1,576,665
  12. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Hawaii 1,360,301
  13. ↑ "C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Haryana". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  14. ↑ "CONSTITUENCY-WISE ANAlYSIS". www.dailypioneer.com. 9 April 2014. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  15. ↑ "Ahirwal belt is represented well in Khattar ministry". Zee News. 26 October 2014. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  16. ↑ "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in.

External links[edit]

Template:Minority Concentrated Districts in India

Coordinates: 28°15′N 77°10′E / 28.250°N 77.167°E / 28.250; 77.167

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