Jaynagar Majilpur: Difference between revisions

Jaynagar Majilpur
Jaynagar Majilpur
City
	Clockwise from top: Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality, Ramkrishna Ashram, Indira Gandhi Community Hall, Jaynagar Majilpur Railway Station, Dutta Bari, Sarada Ashram
	Jaynagar Majilpur is located in West Bengal Jaynagar Majilpur Location in West Bengal Jaynagar Majilpur Location in India Jaynagar Majilpur Location in Asia Jaynagar Majilpur Location in Earth
	Coordinates: 22°10′31″N 88°25′12″E / 22.1751976°N 88.4200808°E
Country	India
State	West Bengal
Division	Presidency
District	South 24 Parganas
Government
• Type	Municipality
• Body	Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality
Area
• Total	5.85 km2 (2.26 sq mi)
Elevation	8 m (26 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total	25,922
• Density	4,400/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
Demographics
• Literacy	88.38 per cent
• Sex ratio	959 ♂/♀
Languages
• Official	Bengali
• Additional official	English
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	743337
Telephone code	+91 3218
Vehicle registration	WB-19, WB-20, WB-95, WB-96, WB-97, WB-98
Lok Sabha constituency	Jaynagar
Vidhan Sabha constituency	Jaynagar
Website	joynagarmozilpurmunicipality.com

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Latest revision as of 23:52, 23 March 2026

Jaynagar Majilpur (bn) is a city and a municipality of South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is situated in the southern suburbs of Kolkata. As an urban setup in the vicinity of Kolkata, the city is within the area of Greater Kolkata. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).^[3] The city is famous for its confectionery called Jaynagarer Moa.^[4]

Etymology[edit | edit source]

Jaynagar is an ancient settlement. The name of Jaynagar comes from the name of the local goddess Joychandi, from which the city derived the name, Joychanditala. Over time it became Joychandinagar and then Joynagar or Jaynagar.^[5]^[6]

Another ancient settlement is Majilpur. The etymology of the name is an interesting one. Originally the Ganges would flow over where the city is, but slowly it started silting down. This silting is called Moje Jaoa in Bengali language, from which the city derived the name, Mojapur. Over time it became Mojpur, Mojipur and then Mojilpur or Majilpur.^[5]^[6]

History[edit | edit source]

Many janapadas grew up along the old Bhagirathi channel from the ancient times until around the 16th century: Kalighat, Boral, Rajpur, Harinavi, Mahinagar, Baruipur, Baharu, Jaynagar, Majilpur, Chhatrabhog etc. Bipradas Pipilai's Manasavijaya, composed in 1495, mentions many places in this region. Chand Sadagar, a merchant character of the Manasavijaya, reached Baruipur, from Kalighat, through the old Bhagirathi channel. From there he proceeded towards Chhatrabhog, and then traveling through Hatiagarh pargana reached the open sea. Chaitanyadeva (1486–1534) also went through this route. Travelling by boat to Puri he halted at the village of Atisara, near Baruipur. His last stoppage in 24 Parganas was at Chhatrabhog. Chhatrabhog seems to have been an important river-port on the old Bhagirathi channel. Rama Chandra Khan, the zamindar of Chhatrabhog, helped Chaitanyadeva to continue with his journey.^[7]

To the west of the Sealdah–Namkhana railway line lies Jaynagar, and to the east lies Majilpur. Jaynagar, predominantly inhabited by Kayasthas, is ancient, whereas Majilpur, largely Brahmin-dominated, is comparatively recent. While Jaynagar finds mention in the Mangal-Kāvyas of the sixteenth–seventeenth centuries, Majilpur does not. At one time, the powerful stream of the Adi Ganga flowed through the heart of both Jaynagar and Majilpur. Today this river is almost dead, and people have taken over its course and are maintaining it like ponds under names such as Mitra Ganga, Motilal Ganga, Ghosh Ganga, and Bose Ganga. Situated along the ancient course of the Adi Ganga and forming part of the Sundarbans hinterland, this region was once covered with dense forests. In those days, ships of Portuguese traders used to ply along the Adi Ganga and, near the village of Andul, reached Saptagram in present-day Hooghly district via the channel now known as the Sankrail Canal. In 1750, when nawab Alivardi Khan diverted the main course of the Ganges by cutting a canal near Betor, carrying the waters through the dead channel of the Saraswati River past Budge Budge, Falta and Diamond Harbour to finally merge with the Muri Ganga near the Gangasagar, the death knell of the Adi Ganga began to sound. Coincidentally, foreign pirates—Mog, Portuguese and French—who arrived via this waterway often carried out looting and terror in Jaynagar and hid in the nearby forest-covered region of Magrahat. Magrahat derives its name from these Mog pirates. However, most of the inhabitants of Jaynagar Majilpur came from outside: just as the Motilals and the Duttas migrated from Jessore, the Mitras came from Barisha in Behala. Moreover, due to the sanctity of the Adi Ganga and the presence of temples and cremation grounds along its banks, devout Brahmins also settled here.^[8]

The name of Jaynagar is first mentioned in the Manasavijaya composed by Bipradas Pipilai. Towards the end of the tenth century, king Nilkantha Motilal of Jaynagar, as a feudatory ruler, governed a portion of the vast territory of king Subuddhi Ray’s Raynagar kingdom, which extended from Raimangal in the east to the Saraswati River in the west. In the early eleventh century, when the entire Ganges Delta was submerged by massive floods, most of the Raynagar kingdom became deserted. Even the clan deity of the Motilal family, Joychandi, was swept away. Soon after, when king Nilkantha Motilal lost his life in a war in Magadha, his brother migrated with his family to Jessore. Several generations later, in the early sixteenth century, Gunananda Motilal, a worthy descendant of that lineage, was travelling by boat along the Adi Ganga for trade when evening fell and he anchored his barge on the riverbank. That night, in a dream, he was divinely informed that their lost clan deity, Joychandi, was residing in the form of a stone on the riverbank in that region. Following the divine instruction, Gunananda entered the forest the next morning with guards. At that time, Jaynagar was covered with dense jungle. There, beneath a bakul tree in the forest, he discovered the stone fragment of goddess Joychandi. On seeing it, Gunananda decided to install a wooden idol of the goddess, carved from bakul wood, and to establish a temple. He wished to personally supervise the work, but this was not possible from Jessore. Hence, he planned to build his own residence beside the temple and began living there with his family. He later brought Tunu Pandit and his family from Jessore to perform the daily worship of the goddess. Since then, the uninterrupted daily service and worship of goddess Joychandi have continued to this day. Jaynagar derives its name from this very deity, Joychandi. After the Motilal lineage, the Kayastha Sen family and the Mitra lineage from Barisha settled here. The Radhaballabh Temple and the Dwadash Shiva Temples, established by the Mitra family, still exist today.^[9]^[10]^[11]

To the east of Jaynagar lies Majilpur. The place was formed on the silted bed of the Adi Ganga, hence the name Majilpur. In the early seventeenth century, when the Mughal emperor Akbar’s general Man Singh attacked Jessore, maharaja Pratapaditya’s dewan, Chandraketu Dutta, moved to this forested island of the Sundarbans for self-preservation. Along with him came his family priest, Shri Krishna Udgata, and two Brahmins of the Dakshinatya Vedic tradition—Raghunandan Pota and another. Through the efforts of the Dutta, Udgata and Pota families, Majilpur gradually rose to prominence. In later times, the descendants of the Udgatas adopted the surnames Bhattacharya and Brahmachari, while the descendants of the Potas took the surname Chakraborty. Even in the early eighteenth century, the flow of the Adi Ganga was still present here. The riverbanks were then densely forested and secluded. At that time, a tantric practitioner named Swami Bhairavananda, finding the place ideal for meditation, began his spiritual practice here. After some time, he received a divine revelation in a dream that goddess Kali lay neglected in the deep waters of the nearby Padma Pukur. Upon searching, Swami Bhairavananda discovered an ancient black stone idol of goddess Kali and installed it in a small hut he had built himself. Before leaving for another place to continue his spiritual pursuits, he entrusted the worship of the idol to his disciple Rajendralal Chakraborty, a descendant of the Pota family. In the mid-eighteenth century, Rajendralal again received a divine command and, as instructed by the goddess, built a wooden idol and a temple for her using neem wood lying beside the Padma Pukur. Pleased with Rajendralal’s devotion, goddess Kali bestowed upon him a divine medicine that could cure various incurable diseases. As the medicine worked like that of Dhanwantari, the idol came to be known as Dhanwantari Kali, and the temple was named Dhanwantari Kalibari. Every year, in the month of Boishakh, a grand fair lasting a fortnight is held centred on this Kali idol. From Shukla Pratipada to Purnima, the goddess is presented in different forms each day. Since the goddess’s attire (besh) is changed daily, the fair is popularly known as the Besher Mela.^[12]^[13]^[11]

The zamindari of the famous Dutta family of Majilpur, established on the silted channel of the Adi Ganga, is well recorded in history. However, their zamindari eventually came to an end due to their oppressive and undisciplined way of life. In particular, their inhuman cruelty towards maidservants and concubines was one of the main reasons for the downfall of the Dutta rule. Nevertheless, the Dutta family produced many illustrious figures, such as the historian Kalidas Dutta, and maintained associations with several noble individuals. When the great novelist Bankim Chandra Chatterjee served as the Subdivisional Magistrate of Baruipur, he stayed for a considerable period as a guest of the Dutta family. He chose their zamindari estate and its surroundings as the background for his famous novel Bishabriksha, and even today many similarities between the novel and the estate can be traced.^[14]

Jaynagar Majilpur is not famous only for its Moa sweets; it is also an eternally memorable place in history for its valour in India’s freedom struggle. It was the birthplace of many revolutionaries and martyrs and played an active role in the armed revolutionary movement. The renowned freedom fighter Kanailal Bhattacharjee grew up in this historic city. Besides him, eminent personalities such as philosopher Sivanath Shastri, doctor Nilratan Sircar, poet Shakti Chattopadhyay, musician Hemant Kumar, and singer Nirmala Mishra were all sons and daughters of this very land.^[15]^[16]

Geography[edit | edit source]

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Area overview[edit | edit source]

Baruipur subdivision is a rural subdivision with moderate levels of urbanization. 31.05% of the population live in the urban areas and 68.95% live in the rural areas. In the southern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 20 census towns. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta and the southern part is covered by the Baruipur-Jaynagar Plain. Archaeological excavations at Dhosa and Tilpi, on the bank of the Piyali River indicate the existence of human habitation around 2,000 years ago.^[17]^[18]^[19]

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

Location[edit | edit source]

Jaynagar Majilpur is located at 22°10′31″N 88°25′12″E / 22.1751976°N 88.4200808°E / 22.1751976; 88.4200808. It has an average elevation of 8 metres (26 ft).^[20]

Raynagar, Kalikapur Barasat, Baharu, Uttarparanij, Alipur and Uttar Durgapur, all in the Jaynagar I CD block, are adjacent to Jaynagar Majilpur. Nimpith and Tulshighata, both in the Jaynagar II CD block, are very close to Jaynagar Majilpur. These nine locations (eight census towns and a municipal city) virtually form a cluster.^[21]

Climate[edit | edit source]

Jaynagar Majilpur is subject to a tropical wet-and-dry climate that is designated Aw under the Köppen climate classification. According to a United Nations Development Programme report, its wind and cyclone zone is very high damage risk.^[22]

Temperature[edit | edit source]

The annual mean temperature is 26.8 °C (80.2 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 19 to 30 °C (66 to 86 °F). Summers (March–June) are hot and humid, with temperatures in the low 30s Celsius; during dry spells, maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) in May and June. Winter lasts for roughly 2 ¹⁄₂ months, with seasonal lows dipping to 9 to 11 °C (48 to 52 °F) in December and January. May is the hottest month, with daily temperatures ranging from 27 to 37 °C (81 to 99 °F); January, the coldest month, has temperatures varying from 12 to 23 °C (54 to 73 °F). The highest recorded temperature is 43.9 °C (111.0 °F), and the lowest is 5 °C (41 °F). The winter is mild and very comfortable weather pertains over the city throughout this season. Often, in April–June, the city is struck by heavy rains or dusty squalls that are followed by thunderstorms or hailstorms, bringing cooling relief from the prevailing humidity. These thunderstorms are convective in nature, and are known locally as Kal'bôishakhi, or Nor'westers in English.^[22]

Rainfall[edit | edit source]

Rains brought by the Bay of Bengal branch of the south-west summer monsoon lash Jaynagar Majilpur between June and September, supplying it with most of its annual rainfall of about 1,850 mm (73 in). The highest monthly rainfall total occurs in July and August. In these months often incessant rain for days brings live to a stall for the city dwellers. The city receives 2,528 hours of sunshine per year, with maximum sunlight exposure occurring in March. Jaynagar Majilpur has been hit by several cyclones; these include systems occurring in 1737 and 1864 that killed thousands.^[22]

Climate data for Jaynagar Majilpur
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	32.8 (91.0)	38.4 (101.1)	41.1 (106.0)	43.3 (109.9)	43.7 (110.7)	43.9 (111.0)	39.9 (103.8)	38.4 (101.1)	38.9 (102.0)	39.0 (102.2)	34.9 (94.8)	32.5 (90.5)	43.9 (111.0)
Mean maximum °C (°F)	29.8 (85.6)	33.5 (92.3)	37.4 (99.3)	38.5 (101.3)	38.8 (101.8)	38.0 (100.4)	35.9 (96.6)	35.0 (95.0)	35.3 (95.5)	35.1 (95.2)	32.9 (91.2)	29.8 (85.6)	39.8 (103.6)
Average high °C (°F)	25.8 (78.4)	29.2 (84.6)	33.5 (92.3)	35.3 (95.5)	35.3 (95.5)	33.8 (92.8)	32.4 (90.3)	32.2 (90.0)	32.4 (90.3)	32.2 (90.0)	30.1 (86.2)	27.0 (80.6)	31.6 (88.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	20.0 (68.0)	23.6 (74.5)	28.0 (82.4)	30.4 (86.7)	30.9 (87.6)	30.4 (86.7)	29.4 (84.9)	29.3 (84.7)	29.2 (84.6)	28.1 (82.6)	25.0 (77.0)	21.2 (70.2)	27.1 (80.8)
Average low °C (°F)	14.1 (57.4)	17.8 (64.0)	22.4 (72.3)	25.3 (77.5)	26.4 (79.5)	26.8 (80.2)	26.5 (79.7)	26.4 (79.5)	26.0 (78.8)	24.1 (75.4)	19.7 (67.5)	15.2 (59.4)	22.6 (72.7)
Mean minimum °C (°F)	10.7 (51.3)	12.9 (55.2)	17.6 (63.7)	20.4 (68.7)	21.5 (70.7)	23.7 (74.7)	24.3 (75.7)	24.4 (75.9)	23.8 (74.8)	20.6 (69.1)	15.4 (59.7)	11.8 (53.2)	10.4 (50.7)
Record low °C (°F)	6.7 (44.1)	7.2 (45.0)	10.0 (50.0)	16.1 (61.0)	17.9 (64.2)	20.4 (68.7)	20.6 (69.1)	22.6 (72.7)	20.6 (69.1)	17.2 (63.0)	10.6 (51.1)	7.2 (45.0)	6.7 (44.1)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	10.4 (0.41)	20.9 (0.82)	35.2 (1.39)	58.9 (2.32)	133.1 (5.24)	300.6 (11.83)	396.0 (15.59)	344.5 (13.56)	318.1 (12.52)	180.5 (7.11)	35.1 (1.38)	3.2 (0.13)	1,836.5 (72.30)
Average rainy days	1.1	1.7	2.2	3.4	7.0	12.8	17.7	16.9	13.9	7.4	1.3	0.5	85.9
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST)	61	54	51	62	68	77	82	83	82	75	67	65	69
Mean monthly sunshine hours	213.9	211.9	229.4	240.0	232.5	135.0	105.4	117.8	126.0	201.5	216.0	204.6	2,234
Mean daily sunshine hours	6.9	7.5	7.4	8.0	7.5	4.5	3.4	3.8	4.2	6.5	7.2	6.6	6.1
Source: Climate-Data.org (altitude: 8 m)^[22]

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Population[edit | edit source]

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1901	8,810	—
1911	9,245	+4.9%
1921	8,408	−9.1%
1931	9,755	+16.0%
1941	14,218	+45.8%
1951	13,355	−6.1%
1961	14,177	+6.2%
1971	15,218	+7.3%
1981	16,343	+7.4%
1991	20,217	+23.7%
2001	23,315	+15.3%
2011	25,922	+11.2%
Source: Census of India^[23]

According to the 2011 Census of India, Jaynagar Majilpur had a total population of 25,922, of which 13,234 (51.05%) were males and 12,688 (48.95%) were females. It had a population density of 4,431 inhabitants per square kilometre (11,480/sq mi) with a sex ratio of 959 females for every 1000 males. There were 2,277 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years which is 8.78% of the total population. The Scheduled Castes numbered 4,830 (18.63%) and the Scheduled Tribes numbered 24 (0.09%). The total number of literate persons was 20,898 (88.38% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 11,092 (91.96% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 9,806 (84.66% of the female population over 6 years). Jaynagar Majilpur had a total of 6,036 households as per report released by 2011 Census of India.^[24]

Language[edit | edit source]

Languages of Jaynagar Majilpur (2011)^[25]

Bengali (99.14%)

Hindi (0.82%)

Urdu (0.03%)

Others (0.01%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 99.14% of the population spoke Bengali, 0.82% Hindi and 0.03% Urdu as their first language.^[25]

Religion[edit | edit source]

Religion in Jaynagar Majilpur (2011)^[26]
Religion			Percent
Hinduism			81.34%
Islam			18.23%
Christianity			0.17%
Sikhism			0.04%
Buddhism			0.02%
Jainism			0.02%
Others or not stated			0.18%

According to the 2011 Census of India, 81.34% of the population is Hindu, 18.23% Muslim, 0.17% Christian, 0.04% Sikh, 0.02% Buddhist and 0.02% Jain. 0.18% did not state a religion in the census.^[26]

Civic administration[edit | edit source]

Municipality[edit | edit source]

Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality covers an area of 5.85 km² (2.26 sq mi). It has jurisdiction over the entire city of Jaynagar Majilpur. The municipality was established on 1 April 1869; 157 years ago (1 April 1869). It is divided into 14 administrative wards. According to the 2022 municipal election, it is being controlled by the All India Trinamool Congress.^[27]^[28]

Police station[edit | edit source]

Jaynagar police station covers an area of 438.06 km² (169.14 sq mi). It has jurisdiction over parts of the Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality, and the Jaynagar I and Jaynagar II CD blocks.^[29]^[30]

CD block HQ[edit | edit source]

The headquarters of the Jaynagar I CD block are located at Baharu.^[31] The map of the CD block Jaynagar I on the page number 699 in the District Census Handbook 2011 for the South 24 Parganas district shows the headquarters of the CD block as being located in Jaynagar Majilpur.^[32]

The headquarters of the Jaynagar II CD block are located at Nimpith.^[31] The map of the CD block Jaynagar II on the page number 725 in the District Census Handbook 2011 for the South 24 Parganas district shows the headquarters of the CD block as being located in Jaynagar Majilpur.^[33]

Transport[edit | edit source]

Jaynagar Majilpur is on the State Highway 1.^[34]^[35]

Jaynagar Majilpur railway station is on the Sealdah–Namkhana line of the Kolkata Suburban Railway.^[34]^[36]

Commuters[edit | edit source]

With the electrification of the railways, suburban traffic has grown tremendously since the 1960s. As of 2005–06, more than 1.7 million (17 lakhs) commuters use the Kolkata Suburban Railway system daily. After the partition of India, refugees from erstwhile East Pakistan and Bangladesh had a strong impact on the development of urban areas in the periphery of Kolkata. The new immigrants depended on Kolkata for their livelihood, thus increasing the number of commuters. Eastern Railway runs 1,272 EMU trains daily.^[37]

Education[edit | edit source]

Dhruba Chand Halder College, established in 1965, is affiliated with the University of Calcutta. It offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, history, political science, philosophy, economics, geography, education, mathematics and accounting & finance, and general degree courses in arts, science, and commerce.^[38]
Jaynagar Institution is a Bengali-medium school for boys. It was established in 1878 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
Jaynagar P. C. Paul Institution is a Bengali-medium school for boys. It was established in 1915 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
Jaynagar Institution for Girls is a Bengali-medium school for girls. It was established in 1947 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.^[39]
Jaynagar Chamatkarini Balika Vidyalaya is a Bengali-medium school for girls. It was established in 1941 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
Majilpur J. M. Training School is a Bengali-medium school for boys. It was established in 1905 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
Majilpur Shyamsundar Balika Vidyalaya is a Bengali-medium school for girls. It was established in 1934 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
Majilpur Atul Krishna Vinodini Bhattacharya Vidyapith is a Bengali-medium school for boys. It was established in 1948 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.

Healthcare[edit | edit source]

Jaynagar Majilpur Maternity Home, with 10 beds, is the major government medical facility in the Jaynagar Majilpur.^[40]

Notable people[edit | edit source]

Sivanath Shastri, Social reformer, philoshoper and writer
Kanailal Bhattacharjee, Revolutionary nationalist
Nilratan Sircar, Doctor
Jogindranath Sarkar, Writer
Shakti Chattopadhyay, Writer
Bimal Krishna Matilal, Philosopher
Hemant Kumar, Music director, composer, lyricist and playback singer
Nirmala Mishra, Playback singer
Subodh Banerjee, Member of Legislative Assembly, Minister for Public Works Department and Minister for Labour
Paresh Nath Kayal, Member of Parliament
Sakti Kumar Sarkar, Member of Parliament
Sanat Kumar Mandal Member of Parliament
Tarun Mandal, Member of Parliament
Pratima Mondal, Member of Parliament
Biswanath Das, Member of Legislative Assembly

References[edit | edit source]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 "Fact and Figures". Wb.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
↑ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 85. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
↑ "Base Map of Kolkata Metropolitan Area". Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 3 September 2007.
↑ "Special packaging for Jaynagarer Moa ?". The Times of India. 1 February 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Bondyopadhyay, Biswanath (2013). Dictionary of The Historical Places of Bengal, 1757–1947. Primus. p. 135. ISBN 978-93-80607-41-2.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Gangopadhyay, Basudev. Paschimbanga Parichay, 2001. Sishu Sahitya Samsad. p. 70. ISBN 978-81-86806-71-5.
↑ "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". Pages 3–4, Chapter I: South 24 Parganas: An overview. Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ Sengupta, Nitish (2001). History of The Bengali-speaking People. UBS Publishers' Distributors Pvt. Ltd. pp. 132–137. ISBN 81-7476-355-4.
↑ McCutchion, David J. (2017). Late Mediaeval Temples of Bengal. The Asiatic Society of Kolkata. p. 78. ISBN 978-93-81574-65-2.
↑ "প্রতি বছর জৈষ্ঠ্য মাসে কদমগাছে একটি মাত্র ফুল ফোঁটে! তাও মাত্র একবার! জয়নগরের এই ঘটনা অবাক করবে!". News18 Bangla. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 Sardar, Pallabi (2024). "The Centuries-old Dhanvantari Kali and Jaychandi Temples: Then and Now, Vol XII, Issue-III". Pratidhwani the Echo. pp. 43–50. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
↑ "Temples and Legends of Bengal". The Temples in 24 Parganas. Hindu Books. pp. 5–7. Archived from the original on 27 June 2007. Retrieved 5 January 2007.
↑ "১৫ দিনে নানা রূপে ধরা দেন জয়নগরের ধন্বন্তরি মা, শুরু হল চমকপ্রদ 'বেশের মেলা'". News18 Bangla. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
↑ "দত্তবাড়ির পুজোয় আসতেন বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র, এখনও প্রসাদ পৌঁছয় নেতাজির বাড়িতে". ETV Bharat. Retrieved 22 September 2025.
↑ Sengupta, Subodh Chandra; Bose, Anjali (1998). Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan, Vol I. Sahitya Samsad. pp. 70–71, 522–523. ISBN 81-85626-65-0.
↑ Sengupta, Subodh Chandra; Bose, Anjali (2010). Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan, Vol I. Sahitya Samsad. p. 117. ISBN 978-81-7955-135-6.
↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 South Twety-four Parganas". Table 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 13, Physiography. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". Chapter 9: Sundarbans and the Remote Islanders, pp. 290–311. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ "Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jaynagar Majilpur". Falling Rain Genomics. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
↑ "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block, Page 725 – Map of Jaynagar II CD block. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ ^22.0 ^22.1 ^22.2 ^22.3 "Climate: Jaynagar Majilpur". Climate Data. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
↑ "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Section II Town Directory, Pages 999-1031 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 999-1006. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-B, Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract" (PDF). Urban PCA-Town wise Primary Census Abstract, Pages 536-583. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ ^25.0 ^25.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
↑ ^26.0 ^26.1 "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
↑ "Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality". West Bengal Valuation Board. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
↑ "Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality". Department of Urban Development and Municipal Affairs. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
↑ "Jaynagar police station". Baruipur police district. West Bengal police. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 South 24 Parganas". Table No. 2.1. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ ^31.0 ^31.1 "BDO Offices under South 24 Parganas District". West Bengal Public Library Network, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
↑ "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 725 - Map of Jaynagar II CD block. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ ^34.0 ^34.1 Google maps
↑ "List of State Highways in West Bengal". West Bengal Traffic Police. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
↑ "34792 Sealdah–Namkhana Local". Time Table. India Rail Info. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ Mondal, Bhaswati. "Commuting and Metropolitan Development of Kolkata". Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ "Dhruba Chand Halder College". DCHC. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
↑ Ghosh, Bishwanath (8 April 2020). "West Bengal begins live lectures for Class 10 and 12 students on TV". The Hindu. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
↑ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics - Hospitals. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 September 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

External links[edit | edit source]

Template:Wikivoyage inline
"Digitize Jaynagar Majilpur". Archived from the original on 10 April 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2020.

Template:Neighbourhoods in South Kolkata

[wblangoff-1] 1.0 ^1.1 "Fact and Figures". Wb.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2019.

[2] "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 85. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2019.

[3] "Base Map of Kolkata Metropolitan Area". Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 3 September 2007.

[4] "Special packaging for Jaynagarer Moa ?". The Times of India. 1 February 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016.

[etymology-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Bondyopadhyay, Biswanath (2013). Dictionary of The Historical Places of Bengal, 1757–1947. Primus. p. 135. ISBN 978-93-80607-41-2.

[etymology1-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Gangopadhyay, Basudev. Paschimbanga Parichay, 2001. Sishu Sahitya Samsad. p. 70. ISBN 978-81-86806-71-5.

[7] "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". Pages 3–4, Chapter I: South 24 Parganas: An overview. Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[8] Sengupta, Nitish (2001). History of The Bengali-speaking People. UBS Publishers' Distributors Pvt. Ltd. pp. 132–137. ISBN 81-7476-355-4.

[9] McCutchion, David J. (2017). Late Mediaeval Temples of Bengal. The Asiatic Society of Kolkata. p. 78. ISBN 978-93-81574-65-2.

[10] "প্রতি বছর জৈষ্ঠ্য মাসে কদমগাছে একটি মাত্র ফুল ফোঁটে! তাও মাত্র একবার! জয়নগরের এই ঘটনা অবাক করবে!". News18 Bangla. Retrieved 30 May 2023.

[pratidhwani-11] 11.0 ^11.1 Sardar, Pallabi (2024). "The Centuries-old Dhanvantari Kali and Jaychandi Temples: Then and Now, Vol XII, Issue-III". Pratidhwani the Echo. pp. 43–50. Retrieved 30 April 2024.

[12] "Temples and Legends of Bengal". The Temples in 24 Parganas. Hindu Books. pp. 5–7. Archived from the original on 27 June 2007. Retrieved 5 January 2007.

[13] "১৫ দিনে নানা রূপে ধরা দেন জয়নগরের ধন্বন্তরি মা, শুরু হল চমকপ্রদ 'বেশের মেলা'". News18 Bangla. Retrieved 26 April 2023.

[14] "দত্তবাড়ির পুজোয় আসতেন বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র, এখনও প্রসাদ পৌঁছয় নেতাজির বাড়িতে". ETV Bharat. Retrieved 22 September 2025.

[15] Sengupta, Subodh Chandra; Bose, Anjali (1998). Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan, Vol I. Sahitya Samsad. pp. 70–71, 522–523. ISBN 81-85626-65-0.

[16] Sengupta, Subodh Chandra; Bose, Anjali (2010). Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan, Vol I. Sahitya Samsad. p. 117. ISBN 978-81-7955-135-6.

[17] "District Statistical Handbook 2014 South Twety-four Parganas". Table 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[18] "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 13, Physiography. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[19] "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". Chapter 9: Sundarbans and the Remote Islanders, pp. 290–311. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[20] "Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jaynagar Majilpur". Falling Rain Genomics. Retrieved 27 August 2016.

[21] "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block, Page 725 – Map of Jaynagar II CD block. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[climate-22] 22.0 ^22.1 ^22.2 ^22.3 "Climate: Jaynagar Majilpur". Climate Data. Retrieved 14 January 2014.

[23] "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Section II Town Directory, Pages 999-1031 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 999-1006. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[24] "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-B, Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract" (PDF). Urban PCA-Town wise Primary Census Abstract, Pages 536-583. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[languages-25] 25.0 ^25.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.

[religion-26] 26.0 ^26.1 "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.

[27] "Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality". West Bengal Valuation Board. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 18 May 2015.

[28] "Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality". Department of Urban Development and Municipal Affairs. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2015.

[29] "Jaynagar police station". Baruipur police district. West Bengal police. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[30] "District Statistical Handbook 2014 South 24 Parganas". Table No. 2.1. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[cdblock-31] 31.0 ^31.1 "BDO Offices under South 24 Parganas District". West Bengal Public Library Network, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2019.

[32] "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[33] "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 725 - Map of Jaynagar II CD block. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[google-34] 34.0 ^34.1 Google maps

[35] "List of State Highways in West Bengal". West Bengal Traffic Police. Retrieved 7 February 2017.

[36] "34792 Sealdah–Namkhana Local". Time Table. India Rail Info. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[37] Mondal, Bhaswati. "Commuting and Metropolitan Development of Kolkata". Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[38] "Dhruba Chand Halder College". DCHC. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

[39] Ghosh, Bishwanath (8 April 2020). "West Bengal begins live lectures for Class 10 and 12 students on TV". The Hindu. Retrieved 24 March 2022.

[40] "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics - Hospitals. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 September 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2019.

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v t e Neighbourhoods in Kolkata Metropolitan Area
Kolkata Municipal Corporation	Alipore Anandapur B.B.D. Bagh Badartala Bagbazar Baghajatin Baishnabghata Patuli Township Ballygunge Bansdroni Bantala Barisha Bartala Behala Belgachia Beliaghata Beniapukur Bhowanipore Bowbazar Bow Barracks Brahmapur Burrabazar Burtolla Chak Garia Charu Market Chetla Chitpur Chowringhee Cossipore Dhakuria Dhapa Dharmatala Ekbalpur Entally Esplanade Garden Reach Garfa Garia Gariahat Golf Green Haltu Haridevpur Hastings Hatibagan Jadavpur Janbazar Jodhpur Park Joka Jorabagan Jorasanko Kalighat Kankurgachi Kasba Kidderpore Kudghat Kumortuli Lake Gardens Lalbazar Maniktala Mukundapur Naktala Narkeldanga Nandi Bagan Netaji Nagar New Alipore New Garia Panchasayar Park Circus Parnasree Pally Pathuriaghata Phoolbagan Picnic Garden Posta Rajabagan Rajabazar Ranikuthi Rashbehari Regent Park Santoshpur Sarsuna Sealdah Shyambazar Shyampukur Shobhabazar Sinthee Sonagachi Survey Park Tala Taltala Tangra Taratala Thakurpukur Tiljala Tiretta Bazaar Tollygunge Topsia Ultadanga Watgunge
Kolkata Urban Agglomeration Outside KMC	Babanpur Baguiati Baidyabati Bally Bandipur Bansberia Baranagar Barrackpore Barrackpur Cantonment Barasat Baruipur Batanagar Belur Bhadreswar Bhatpara (Jagatdal, Shyamnagar) Budge Budge Chandannagar Chandpur Dankuni Dum Dum (Durganagar East) Garulia Halisahar Harinavi Howrah Hugli-Chuchura Ichhapur Defence Estate Jaynagar Majilpur Kalyani Kamalgazi Kamarhati (Belgharia, Dakshineswar) Kanchrapara (Bijpur) Kestopur Khardaha (Rahara) Konnagar Liluah Madhyamgram Maheshtala Mallikpur Muragachha Naihati Narendrapur New Barrackpore Noapara, India Noapara, West Bengal North Barrackpur (Ichapore, Nawabganj, Palta) North Dumdum (Birati, Durganagar West, Nimta) Nungi Panihati (Agarpara, Ghola, Sodepur, Sukchar) Pujali Rajarhat (New Town) Rajpur Sonarpur Rishra Salt Lake/Bidhannagar Serampore South Dumdum (Bangur Avenue, Dum Dum Park, Lake Town, Nagerbazar) Subhashgram Teghari Talbandha Titagarh Uluberia Uttarpara
Streets of Kolkata Kolkata topics Template:Kolkata Municipal Corporation wards India portal

v t e Municipalities and CD blocks of West Bengal
Municipal corporations	Asansol Bidhannagar Chandannagar Durgapur Howrah Kolkata Siliguri
Municipalities	Alipurduar Arambagh Ashoknagar Kalyangarh Baduria Baidyabati Balurghat Bangaon Bankura Bansberia Baranagar Barasat Bardhaman Barrackpore Baruipur Basirhat Beldanga Berhampore Bhadreswar Bhatpara Birnagar Bishnupur Bolpur Budge Budge Buniadpur Chakdaha Champdani Chandrakona Contai Cooch Behar Dainhat Dalkhola Darjeeling Dhuliyan Dhupguri Diamond Harbour Dinhata Dubrajpur Dum Dum Egra English Bazar Gangarampur Garulia Gayespur Ghatal Gobardanga Guskara Habra Haldia Haldibari Halisahar Haringhata Hugli-Chuchura Islampur Jalpaiguri Jangipur Jaynagar Majilpur Jhalda Jhargram Jiaganj Azimganj Kaliaganj Kalimpong Kalna Kalyani Kamarhati Kanchrapara Kandi Katwa Kharagpur Kharar Khardaha Khirpai Konnagar Krishnanagar Kurseong Madhyamgram Maheshtala Mainaguri Malbazar Mathabhanga Mekhliganj Memari Murshidabad Nabadwip Naihati Nalhati New Barrackpore North Barrackpur North Dum Dum Old Malda Panihati Panskura Pujali Purulia Raghunathpur Raiganj Rajarhat Rajpur Sonarpur Ramjibanpur Rampurhat Ranaghat Rishra Sainthia Shantipur Sonamukhi South Dum Dum Suri Taki Tamluk Tarakeswar Titagarh Tufanganj Uluberia Uttarpara
Community development blocks¹	A Alipurduar I Alipurduar II Amdanga Amta I Amta II Andal Arambagh Arsha Ausgram I Ausgram II B Baduria Bagdah Baghmundi Bagnan I Bagnan II Balagarh Balarampur Balurghat Bally Jagachha Bamangola Bandwan Bangaon Bankura I Bankura II Barjora Bansihari Barabani Barabazar Barrackpore I Barrackpore II Barasat I Barasat II Baruipur Basanti Basirhat I Basirhat II Beldanga I Beldanga II Berhampore Bhagawangola I Bhagawangola II Bhagabanpur I Bhagabanpur II Bhangar I Bhangar II Bharatpur I Bharatpur II Bhatar Binpur I Binpur II Bishnupur, Bankura Bishnupur I, South 24 Parganas Bishnupur II, South 24 Parganas Bolpur Sriniketan Budge Budge I Budge Budge II Burdwan I Burdwan II Burwan C Canning I Canning II Chakdaha Chanchal I Chanchal II Chandipur Chanditala I Chanditala II Chapra Chandrakona I Chandrakona II Chhatna Chinsurah Mogra Chopra Contai I Contai II Contai III Cooch Behar I Cooch Behar II D Darjeeling Pulbazar Dantan I Dantan II Daspur I Daspur II Debra Deganga Diamond Harbour I Diamond Harbour II Deshapran Dhaniakhali Dhupguri Dinhata I Dinhata II Domjur Domkal Dubrajpur E Egra I Egra II English Bazar F Falakata Falta Farakka Faridpur Durgapur G Gaighata Galsi I Galsi II Gangajalghati Gangarampur Garhbeta I Garhbeta II Garhbeta III Gazole Ghatal Goalpokhar I Goalpokhar II Goghat I Goghat II Gopiballavpur I Gopiballavpur II Gorubathan Gosaba H Habibpur Habra I Habra II Haldia Haldibari Hanskhali Hariharpara Haringhata Haripal Harirampur Harishchandrapur I Harishchandrapur II Haroa Hasnabad Hemtabad Hili Hingalganj Hirbandh Hura I Ilambazar Indas Indpur Islampur Itahar J Jagatballavpur Jalangi Jalpaiguri Jamalpur Jamboni Jamuria Jangipara Jaynagar I Jaynagar II Jhalda I Jhalda II Jhargram Jorebunglow Sukhiapokhri Joypur, Bankura Joypur, Purulia K Kakdwip Kalchini Kaliachak I Kaliachak II Kaliachak III Kaliaganj Kaliganj Kalimpong I Kalimpong II Kalna I Kalna II Kandi Kanksa Karandighi Karimpur I Karimpur II Kashipur Katwa I Katwa II Keshiari Keshpur Ketugram I Ketugram II Khanakul I Khanakul II Khandaghosh Kharagpur I Kharagpur II Khargram Kharibari Khatra Khejuri I Khejuri II Khoyrasole Kolaghat Kotulpur Krishnaganj Krishnanagar I Krishnanagar II Kulpi Kultali Kumarganj Kumargram Kurseong Kushmandi L Labpur Lalgola M Madarihat-Birpara Magrahat I Magrahat II Mahisadal Mal Manbazar I Manbazar II Mandirbazar Manikchak Manteswar Mathabhanga I Mathabhanga II Mathurapur I Mathurapur II Matiali Matigara Maynaguri Mayureswar I Mayureswar II Mejia Mekhliganj Memari I Memari II Midnapore Sadar Minakhan Mirik Mohammad Bazar Mohanpur Mongalkote Moyna Murarai I Murarai II Murshidabad-Jiaganj N Nabadwip Nabagram Nagrakata Nakashipara Nalhati I Nalhati II Namkhana Nandakumar Nandigram I Nandigram II Nanoor Naoda Narayangarh Naxalbari Nayagram Neturia O Old Malda Onda P Panchla Pandabeswar Pandua Panskura Para Patashpur I Patashpur II Patharpratima Patrasayer Phansidewa Pingla Polba Dadpur Puncha Purbasthali I Purbasthali II Pursurah Purulia I Purulia II R Raghunathganj I Raghunathganj II Raghunathpur I Raghunathpur II Raiganj Raina I Raina II Raipur Rajarhat Rajganj Rajnagar Ramnagar I Ramnagar II Rampurhat I Rampurhat II Ranaghat I Ranaghat II Rangli Rangliot Ranibandh Raniganj Raninagar I Raninagar II Ratua I Ratua II S Sabang Sagar Sagardighi Sahid Matangini Sainthia Salanpur Salboni Saltora Samserganj Sandeshkhali I Sandeshkhali II Sankrail, Howrah Sankrail, Jhargram Santipur Santuri Sarenga Shyampur I Shyampur II Simlapal Singur Sitai Sitalkuchi Sonamukhi Sonarpur Sreerampur Uttarpara Suri I Suri II Sutahata Suti I Suti II Swarupnagar T Taldangra Tamluk Tapan Tarakeswar Tehatta I Tehatta II Thakurpukur Maheshtala Tufanganj I Tufanganj II U Udaynarayanpur Uluberia I Uluberia II
See also	List of cities in West Bengal by population
Similar to tehsils in many states of India

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 }}
-'''Jaynagar Majilpur''' ({{IPA-bn|d͡ʒəẏn̪əgoːɾ moːd͡ʒɪlpuɾ|lang|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Titodutta-জয়নগর মজিলপুর.wav}}) is a town and a municipality of the [[South 24 Parganas]] district in the [[India]]n [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is situated in the southern suburbs of [[Kolkata]]. As an urban setup in the vicinity of Kolkata, the town is within the area of [[Kolkata metropolitan area|Greater Kolkata]]. It is a part of the area covered by the [[Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority]] (KMDA).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html|title=Base Map of Kolkata Metropolitan Area|access-date=3 September 2007|publisher=Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000049/http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html|archive-date=28 September 2007}}</ref> Jaynagar and Majilpur are two separate towns. Since the formation of the municipality, these twin towns are known together as Jaynagar Majilpur. The town is very famous for its confectionery called ''[[Jaynagarer Moa]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.com/city/kolkata/Special-packaging-for-Joynagar-Moa/articleshow/50798946.cms |title=Special packaging for Jaynagarer Moa ? |work=The Times of India|date=1 February 2016 |access-date=3 February 2016}}</ref>
+'''Jaynagar Majilpur''' ({{IPA|bn|d͡ʒɔe̯nɔgoɾ mod͡ʒɪlpuɾ|lang|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Titodutta-জয়নগর মজিলপুর.wav}}) is a city and a municipality of [[South 24 Parganas|South 24 Parganas district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is situated in the southern suburbs of [[Kolkata]]. As an urban setup in the vicinity of Kolkata, the city is within the area of [[Kolkata metropolitan area|Greater Kolkata]]. It is a part of the area covered by [[Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority]] (KMDA).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html|title=Base Map of Kolkata Metropolitan Area|access-date=3 September 2007|publisher=Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000049/http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html|archive-date=28 September 2007}}</ref> The city is famous for its confectionery called ''[[Jaynagarer Moa]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Special-packaging-for-Joynagar-Moa/articleshow/50798946.cms |title=Special packaging for Jaynagarer Moa ? |work=The Times of India|date=1 February 2016 |access-date=3 February 2016}}</ref>
 ==Etymology==
-Jaynagar is an ancient settlement. The name of Jaynagar comes from the name of the local goddess ''[[Chandi|Joychandi]]'', from which the town derived the name, ''Joychanditala''. Over time it became ''Joychandinagar'' and then ''Joynagar'' or ''Jaynagar''.<ref name="etymology">{{cite book|last1=Bondyopadhyay|first1=Biswanath|title=Dictionary of The Historical Places of Bengal, 1757–1947|year=2013|publisher=Primus|isbn=978-93-80607-41-2|page=135}}</ref><ref name="etymology1">{{cite book|last1=Gangopadhyay|first1=Basudev|title=Paschimbanga Parichay, 2001|publisher=Sishu Sahitya Samsad|isbn=978-81-86806-71-5|page=70}}</ref>
+Jaynagar is an ancient settlement. The name of Jaynagar comes from the name of the local goddess ''[[Chandi|Joychandi]]'', from which the city derived the name, ''Joychanditala''. Over time it became ''Joychandinagar'' and then ''Joynagar'' or ''Jaynagar''.<ref name="etymology">{{cite book|last1=Bondyopadhyay|first1=Biswanath|title=Dictionary of The Historical Places of Bengal, 1757–1947|year=2013|publisher=Primus|isbn=978-93-80607-41-2|page=135}}</ref><ref name="etymology1">{{cite book|last1=Gangopadhyay|first1=Basudev|title=Paschimbanga Parichay, 2001|publisher=Sishu Sahitya Samsad|isbn=978-81-86806-71-5|page=70}}</ref>
-Another ancient settlement is Majilpur. The etymology of the name is an interesting one. Originally the [[Ganges]] would flow over where the town is, but slowly it started silting down. This silting is called ''Moje Jaoa'' in Bengali language, from which the town derived the name, ''Mojapur''. Over time it became ''Mojpur'', ''Mojipur'' and then ''Mojilpur'' or ''Majilpur''.<ref name="etymology"/><ref name="etymology1"/>
+Another ancient settlement is Majilpur. The etymology of the name is an interesting one. Originally the [[Ganges]] would flow over where the city is, but slowly it started silting down. This silting is called ''Moje Jaoa'' in Bengali language, from which the city derived the name, ''Mojapur''. Over time it became ''Mojpur'', ''Mojipur'' and then ''Mojilpur'' or ''Majilpur''.<ref name="etymology"/><ref name="etymology1"/>
 ==History==
-Many ''[[janapadas]]'' grew up along the old [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi]] channel from the ancient times till around the 16th century: [[Kalighat]], Boral, [[Rajpur Sonarpur|Rajpur]], [[Harinavi]], Mahinagar, [[Baruipur]], [[Baharu]], Jaynagar, Majilpur, [[Chhatrabhog]] etc. [[Bipradas Pipilai]]'s ''Manasavijaya'', composed in 1495, mentions many places in this region. "[[Chand Sadagar]], a merchant character of the ''Manasavijaya'', reached Baruipur, from Kalighat, through the old Bhagirathi channel. From there he proceeded towards Chhatrabhog, and then traveling through Hatiagarh pargana reached the open sea". [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu|Chaitanyadeva]] (1486–1534) also went through this route. Travelling by boat to [[Puri]] he halted at the village of Atisara, near Baruipur. "His last stoppage in [[24 Parganas]] was at Chhatrabhog, now a village within the jurisdiction of the [[Mathurapur, South 24 Parganas|Mathurapur]] police station. Chhatrabhog seems to have been an important river-port on the old Bhagirathi channel". Rama Chandra Khan, the ''[[zamindar]]'' of Chhatrabhog, helped Chaitanyadeva to continue with his journey.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas |work= Pages 3-4, Chapter I: South 24 Parganas: An overview| publisher =  Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal |access-date =  17 October 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
+Many ''[[janapada]]s'' grew up along the old [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi]] channel from the ancient times until around the 16th century: [[Kalighat]], Boral, [[Rajpur Sonarpur|Rajpur]], [[Harinavi]], Mahinagar, [[Baruipur]], [[Baharu]], Jaynagar, Majilpur, [[Chhatrabhog]] etc. [[Bipradas Pipilai]]'s ''[[Manasamangal Kāvya|Manasavijaya]]'', composed in 1495, mentions many places in this region. [[Chand Sadagar]], a merchant character of the ''Manasavijaya'', reached Baruipur, from Kalighat, through the old Bhagirathi channel. From there he proceeded towards Chhatrabhog, and then traveling through Hatiagarh ''[[pargana]]'' reached the open sea. [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu|Chaitanyadeva]] (1486–1534) also went through this route. Travelling by boat to [[Puri]] he halted at the village of Atisara, near Baruipur. His last stoppage in [[24 Parganas]] was at Chhatrabhog. Chhatrabhog seems to have been an important river-port on the old Bhagirathi channel. Rama Chandra Khan, the ''[[zamindar]]'' of Chhatrabhog, helped Chaitanyadeva to continue with his journey.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas |work= Pages 3–4, Chapter I: South 24 Parganas: An overview| publisher =  Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal |access-date =  17 October 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
-The town of Jaynagar Majilpur carries the memory of a very significant incident in the history of the [[Bengal]]. When [[Pratapaditya|Raja Pratapaditya Roy]], the last independent ''[[Hindus|Hindu]]'' king of Bengal at [[Jessore (city)|Jessore]] was defeated by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] forces, the ''State Diwan's'' ([[Grand vizier]]) family and the ''State Priest's'' family were forced to flee to avoid persecution and conversion. They settled down in the town to form the estate of the ''[[Dutta]]s'', and the ''[[Brahmin]]'' priest, Sree Krishna Udgata, who came over, settled down in what is today the ''Bhattacharya Para''. All the ''[[Bhattacharya (surname)|Bhattacharyas]]'' in the town are his scions, with the current 13th generation being settled out of the town.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bengal/24Parganas/page5.htm |title=Temples and Legends of Bengal |work=Pages 5-7: The Temples in 24 Parganas |publisher=Hindu Books |access-date=5 January 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070627021137/http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bengal/24Parganas/page5.htm |archive-date=27 June 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sengupta|first1=Nitish|title=History of The Bengali-speaking People, 2001/2002|year=2001|publisher=UBS Publishers’ Distributors Pvt. Ltd.|isbn=81-7476-355-4|pages=132–137}}</ref>
+To the west of the [[Sealdah South section|Sealdah–Namkhana railway line]] lies Jaynagar, and to the east lies Majilpur. Jaynagar, predominantly inhabited by ''[[Kayastha]]s'', is ancient, whereas Majilpur, largely ''[[Brahmin]]''-dominated, is comparatively recent. While Jaynagar finds mention in the ''[[Mangal-Kāvya]]s'' of the sixteenth–seventeenth centuries, Majilpur does not. At one time, the powerful stream of the [[Adi Ganga]] flowed through the heart of both Jaynagar and Majilpur. Today this river is almost dead, and people have taken over its course and are maintaining it like ponds under names such as ''Mitra Ganga'', ''Motilal Ganga'', ''Ghosh Ganga'', and ''Bose Ganga''. Situated along the ancient course of the Adi Ganga and forming part of the [[Sundarbans]] hinterland, this region was once covered with dense forests. In those days, ships of [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] traders used to ply along the Adi Ganga and, near the village of [[Andul]], reached [[Saptagram]] in present-day [[Hooghly district]] via the channel now known as the [[Sankrail]] Canal. In 1750, when ''[[nawab]]'' [[Alivardi Khan]] diverted the main course of the [[Ganges]] by cutting a canal near [[Betor]], carrying the waters through the dead channel of the [[Saraswati River (West Bengal)|Saraswati River]] past [[Budge Budge]], [[Falta, South 24 Parganas|Falta]] and [[Diamond Harbour]] to finally merge with the [[Muri Ganga River|Muri Ganga]] near the [[Gangasagar]], the death knell of the Adi Ganga began to sound. Coincidentally, foreign pirates—[[Mog people|Mog]], Portuguese and [[French people|French]]—who arrived via this waterway often carried out looting and terror in Jaynagar and hid in the nearby forest-covered region of [[Magrahat]]. Magrahat derives its name from these Mog pirates. However, most of the inhabitants of Jaynagar Majilpur came from outside: just as the ''Motilals'' and the ''[[Dutta (surname)|Dutta]]s'' migrated from [[Jessore]], the ''[[Mitra (surname)|Mitra]]s'' came from [[Barisha, Kolkata|Barisha]] in [[Behala]]. Moreover, due to the sanctity of the Adi Ganga and the presence of temples and cremation grounds along its banks, devout ''Brahmins'' also settled here.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sengupta|first1=Nitish|title=History of The Bengali-speaking People|year=2001|publisher=UBS Publishers' Distributors Pvt. Ltd.|isbn=81-7476-355-4|pages=132–137}}</ref>
-The town is famous for the ancient ''Dhanwantary Kali Temple'', believed to be very benevolent, who listens to the prayers of her devotees promptly. An annual event is held, called the ''Besher Mela'', where the goddess ''[[Kali]]'' is dressed up as ''[[Radha Krishna]]'' and other goddesses. It attracts thousands of devotees, and is one of the most iconic yearly events in the town. Also, by the express direction of the ''Dhanwantary Kali'', every year, during ''[[Kali Puja]]'', it is mandatory to host a ''Kali Puja'' in every ''Brahmin'' household of the town. It used to be a big annual festival, with hundreds of houses performing ''Kali Puja'' on the night of the ''[[Diwali]]'', and going out on the next day in a beautifully orchestrated procession, going around the town, before the immersion or the ''Bisarjan''. However, over the past few years, the number of houses performing ''Kali Puja'' has fallen drastically, now performed in only twenty odd houses. This has been mainly due to the gradual outward immigration of people from the hamlet, the reluctancy of the younger generation, and their inability to get hold of funds considering the deteriorating economic condition of Bengal, the rise of public subscription or locally called ''[[Barowari|Barowari Puja]]'' and also the rise of ''[[Muslims|Muslim]]'' immigrants and converts, who have posed problems while the peaceful immersion procession was on its way.<ref>McCutchion, David J., ''Late Mediaeval Temples of Bengal'', first published 1972, reprinted 2017, p. 78, The Asiatic Society of Kolkata, {{ISBN|978-93-81574-65-2}}</ref>
+The name of Jaynagar is first mentioned in the ''Manasavijaya'' composed by Bipradas Pipilai. Towards the end of the tenth century, king Nilkantha Motilal of Jaynagar, as a feudatory ruler, governed a portion of the vast territory of king Subuddhi Ray’s ''Raynagar'' kingdom, which extended from [[Raimangal River|Raimangal]] in the east to the Saraswati River in the west. In the early eleventh century, when the entire [[Ganges Delta]] was submerged by massive floods, most of the ''Raynagar'' kingdom became deserted. Even the clan deity of the ''Motilal'' family, ''[[Chandi|Joychandi]]'', was swept away. Soon after, when king Nilkantha Motilal lost his life in a war in [[Magadha]], his brother migrated with his family to Jessore. Several generations later, in the early sixteenth century, Gunananda Motilal, a worthy descendant of that lineage, was travelling by boat along the Adi Ganga for trade when evening fell and he anchored his barge on the riverbank. That night, in a dream, he was divinely informed that their lost clan deity, ''Joychandi'', was residing in the form of a stone on the riverbank in that region. Following the divine instruction, Gunananda entered the forest the next morning with guards. At that time, Jaynagar was covered with dense jungle. There, beneath a ''[[Mimusops elengi|bakul]]'' tree in the forest, he discovered the stone fragment of goddess ''Joychandi''. On seeing it, Gunananda decided to install a wooden idol of the goddess, carved from ''bakul'' wood, and to establish a temple. He wished to personally supervise the work, but this was not possible from Jessore. Hence, he planned to build his own residence beside the temple and began living there with his family. He later brought Tunu Pandit and his family from Jessore to perform the daily worship of the goddess. Since then, the uninterrupted daily service and worship of goddess ''Joychandi'' have continued to this day. Jaynagar derives its name from this very deity, ''Joychandi''. After the ''Motilal'' lineage, the ''Kayastha'' ''[[Sen (surname)|Sen]]'' family and the ''Mitra'' lineage from Barisha settled here. The ''Radhaballabh Temple'' and the ''Dwadash Shiva Temples'', established by the ''Mitra'' family, still exist today.<ref>{{cite book|last1=McCutchion|first1=David J.|title=Late Mediaeval Temples of Bengal|year=2017|publisher=The Asiatic Society of Kolkata|isbn=978-93-81574-65-2|pages=78}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bengali.news18.com/photogallery/south-24-parganas/mysterious-news-visits-historical-jaychandi-temple-in-jaynagar-l18-pb-1123356.html|title=প্রতি বছর জৈষ্ঠ্য মাসে কদমগাছে একটি মাত্র ফুল ফোঁটে! তাও মাত্র একবার! জয়নগরের এই ঘটনা অবাক করবে!|publisher=News18 Bangla|access-date=30 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="pratidhwani">{{cite web|last1=Sardar|first1=Pallabi|url=https://www.thecho.in/pluginAppObj/pluginAppObj_312_06/download.php?action=download|title=The Centuries-old Dhanvantari Kali and Jaychandi Temples: Then and Now, Vol XII, Issue-III|year=2024|publisher=Pratidhwani the Echo|pages=43–50|access-date=30 April 2024}}</ref>
-The town was also called ''Half-Calcutta'' owing to the development it had seen before independence, with stalwarts like Sivanath Sastri and Umesh Chandra Dutta emerging. It was also a centre for active freedom fighting, with names like Kanailal Bhattacharya and Rajaram Bhattacharya to name a few.<ref>Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali (editors), 1976/1998, ''Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan'' (Biographical dictionary) Vol I, pp. 70-71, Sahitya Samsad, {{ISBN|81-85626-65-0}}</ref><ref>Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali (editors), 1976/1998, ''Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan'' (Biographical dictionary) Vol I, pp. 522-523, Sahitya Samsad, {{ISBN|81-85626-65-0}}</ref><ref>Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali (editors), 2013, ''Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan'' (Biographical dictionary) Vol I, p. 117, Sahitya Samsad, {{ISBN|978-81-7955-135-6}}</ref>
+To the east of Jaynagar lies Majilpur. The place was formed on the silted bed of the Adi Ganga, hence the name Majilpur. In the early seventeenth century, when the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Akbar]]’s general [[Man Singh I|Man Singh]] attacked Jessore, ''[[maharaja]]'' [[Pratapaditya]]’s ''[[dewan]]'', Chandraketu Dutta, moved to this forested island of the Sundarbans for self-preservation. Along with him came his family priest, Shri Krishna Udgata, and two Brahmins of the ''Dakshinatya Vedic'' tradition—Raghunandan Pota and another. Through the efforts of the ''Dutta'', ''Udgata'' and ''Pota'' families, Majilpur gradually rose to prominence. In later times, the descendants of the ''Udgatas'' adopted the surnames ''[[Bhattacharya (surname)|Bhattacharya]]'' and ''Brahmachari'', while the descendants of the ''Potas'' took the surname ''[[Chakraborty]]''. Even in the early eighteenth century, the flow of the Adi Ganga was still present here. The riverbanks were then densely forested and secluded. At that time, a ''[[tantric]]'' practitioner named Swami Bhairavananda, finding the place ideal for meditation, began his spiritual practice here. After some time, he received a divine revelation in a dream that goddess ''[[Kali]]'' lay neglected in the deep waters of the nearby ''Padma Pukur''. Upon searching, Swami Bhairavananda discovered an ancient black stone idol of goddess ''Kali'' and installed it in a small hut he had built himself. Before leaving for another place to continue his spiritual pursuits, he entrusted the worship of the idol to his disciple Rajendralal Chakraborty, a descendant of the ''Pota'' family. In the mid-eighteenth century, Rajendralal again received a divine command and, as instructed by the goddess, built a wooden idol and a temple for her using ''[[Azadirachta indica|neem]]'' wood lying beside the ''Padma Pukur''. Pleased with Rajendralal’s devotion, goddess ''Kali'' bestowed upon him a divine medicine that could cure various incurable diseases. As the medicine worked like that of ''[[Dhanwantari]]'', the idol came to be known as ''Dhanwantari Kali'', and the temple was named ''Dhanwantari Kalibari''. Every year, in the month of ''[[Boishakh]]'', a grand fair lasting a fortnight is held centred on this ''Kali'' idol. From ''[[Paksha#Shukla Paksha|Shukla]]'' ''[[Pratipada]]'' to ''[[Purnima]]'', the goddess is presented in different forms each day. Since the goddess’s attire (''besh'') is changed daily, the fair is popularly known as the ''Besher Mela''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bengal/24Parganas/page5.htm |title=Temples and Legends of Bengal |work=The Temples in 24 Parganas |publisher=Hindu Books |pages=5–7 |access-date=5 January 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070627021137/http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bengal/24Parganas/page5.htm |archive-date=27 June 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/south-24-parganas/a-half-year-long-transformation-fair-of-the-ancient-dhanvantari-kali-ma-ub-1073436.html|title=১৫ দিনে নানা রূপে ধরা দেন জয়নগরের ধন্বন্তরি মা, শুরু হল চমকপ্রদ 'বেশের মেলা'|publisher=News18 Bangla|access-date=26 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="pratidhwani"/>
+The ''zamindari'' of the famous ''Dutta'' family of Majilpur, established on the silted channel of the Adi Ganga, is well recorded in history. However, their ''zamindari'' eventually came to an end due to their oppressive and undisciplined way of life. In particular, their inhuman cruelty towards maidservants and concubines was one of the main reasons for the downfall of the ''Dutta'' rule. Nevertheless, the ''Dutta'' family produced many illustrious figures, such as the historian Kalidas Dutta, and maintained associations with several noble individuals. When the great novelist [[Bankim Chandra Chatterjee]] served as the Subdivisional Magistrate of Baruipur, he stayed for a considerable period as a guest of the ''Dutta'' family. He chose their ''zamindari'' estate and its surroundings as the background for his famous novel ''[[Bishabriksha]]'', and even today many similarities between the novel and the estate can be traced.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/bn/!state/durga-puja-2025-know-the-history-of-jaynagar-dutta-bari-durga-puja-with-bankim-chandra-and-netaji-memory-west-bengal-news-wbs25092002233|title=দত্তবাড়ির পুজোয় আসতেন বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র, এখনও প্রসাদ পৌঁছয় নেতাজির বাড়িতে|publisher=ETV Bharat|access-date=22 September 2025}}</ref>
+Jaynagar Majilpur is not famous only for its ''[[Jaynagarer Moa|Moa]]'' sweets; it is also an eternally memorable place in history for its valour in India’s freedom struggle. It was the birthplace of many revolutionaries and martyrs and played an active role in the armed revolutionary movement. The renowned freedom fighter [[Kanailal Bhattacharjee]] grew up in this historic city. Besides him, eminent personalities such as philosopher [[Sivanath Shastri]], doctor [[Nilratan Sircar]], poet [[Shakti Chattopadhyay]], musician [[Hemant Kumar]], and singer [[Nirmala Mishra]] were all sons and daughters of this very land.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sengupta|first1=Subodh Chandra|last2=Bose|first2=Anjali|title=Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan, Vol I|year=1998|publisher=Sahitya Samsad|isbn=81-85626-65-0|pages=70-71, 522-523}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sengupta|first1=Subodh Chandra|last2=Bose|first2=Anjali|title=Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan, Vol I|year=2010|publisher=Sahitya Samsad|isbn=978-81-7955-135-6|pages=117}}</ref>
 ==Geography==
@@ Line 156: / Line 137: @@
 ===Area overview===
-Baruipur subdivision is a rural subdivision with moderate levels of urbanization. 31.05% of the population live in the urban areas and 68.95% live in the rural areas. In the southern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 20 [[census town]]s. The entire district is situated in the [[Ganges Delta]] and the southern part is covered by the Baruipur-Jaynagar Plain. [[Archaeological]] excavations at [[Dhosa, Jaynagar|Dhosa]] and [[Tilpi]], on the bank of the [[Piyali River]] indicate the existence of human habitation around 2,000 years ago.<ref>{{cite web  |url =  http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 South Twety-four Parganas|work= Table 2.1 , 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal  |access-date = 17 October 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 13, Physiography| publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date =  17 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = Chapter 9: Sundarbans and the Remote Islanders, pp. 290–311 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 17 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
+Baruipur subdivision is a rural subdivision with moderate levels of urbanization. 31.05% of the population live in the urban areas and 68.95% live in the rural areas. In the southern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 20 [[census town]]s. The entire district is situated in the [[Ganges Delta]] and the southern part is covered by the Baruipur-Jaynagar Plain. [[Archaeological]] excavations at [[Dhosa, Jaynagar|Dhosa]] and [[Tilpi]], on the bank of the [[Piyali River]] indicate the existence of human habitation around 2,000 years ago.<ref>{{cite web |url =  http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title =  District Statistical Handbook 2014 South Twety-four Parganas |work =  Table 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b |publisher =  Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date =  17 October 2019 |archive-date =  21 January 2019 |archive-url =  https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |url-status =  dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1362/download/4462/DH_2011_1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH_TWENTY_FOUR_PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 13, Physiography| publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date =  17 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = Chapter 9: Sundarbans and the Remote Islanders, pp. 290–311 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 17 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
 <small>Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.</small>
 ===Location===
-Jaynagar Majilpur is located at {{Coord|22.1751965|N|88.4200762|E|format=dms}}. It has an average elevation of {{convert|8|m}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/JaynagarMajilpur.html|title=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jaynagar Majilpur|publisher=Falling Rain Genomics|access-date=27 August 2016}}</ref>
+Jaynagar Majilpur is located at {{Coord|22.1751976|N|88.4200808|E|format=dms}}. It has an average elevation of {{convert|8|m}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/JaynagarMajilpur.html|title=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jaynagar Majilpur|publisher=Falling Rain Genomics|access-date=27 August 2016}}</ref>
-[[Raynagar]], [[Kalikapur Barasat]], [[Baharu]], [[Uttarparanij]], [[Alipur, Jaynagar|Alipur]] and [[Uttar Durgapur]], all in the Jaynagar I CD block, are adjacent to Jaynagar Majilpur. [[Nimpith]] and [[Tulshighata]], both in the Jaynagar II CD block, are very close to Jaynagar Majilpur. These nine locations (eight census towns and a municipal city) virtually form a cluster.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block, Page 725 – Map of Jaynagar II CD block | publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref>
+[[Raynagar]], [[Kalikapur Barasat]], [[Baharu]], [[Uttarparanij]], [[Alipur, Jaynagar|Alipur]] and [[Uttar Durgapur]], all in the Jaynagar I CD block, are adjacent to Jaynagar Majilpur. [[Nimpith]] and [[Tulshighata]], both in the Jaynagar II CD block, are very close to Jaynagar Majilpur. These nine locations (eight census towns and a municipal city) virtually form a cluster.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1362/download/4462/DH_2011_1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH_TWENTY_FOUR_PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block, Page 725 – Map of Jaynagar II CD block | publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref>
 ===Climate===
@@ Line 169: / Line 150: @@
 ====Temperature====
-The annual mean temperature is {{cvt|26.8|°C}}; monthly mean temperatures are {{cvt|19 to 30|°C}}. Summers (March–June) are hot and humid, with temperatures in the low 30s Celsius; during dry spells, maximum temperatures often exceed {{cvt|40|°C}} in May and June. Winter lasts for roughly two-and-a-half months, with seasonal lows dipping to {{cvt|9 to 11|°C}} in December and January. May is the hottest month, with daily temperatures ranging from {{cvt|27 to 37|°C}}; January, the coldest month, has temperatures varying from {{cvt|12 to 23|°C}}. The highest recorded temperature is {{cvt|43.9|°C}}, and the lowest is {{cvt|5|°C}}. The winter is mild and very comfortable weather pertains over the town throughout this season. Often, in April–June, the town is struck by heavy rains or dusty squalls that are followed by thunderstorms or hailstorms, bringing cooling relief from the prevailing humidity. These thunderstorms are [[convection rain|convective]] in nature, and are known locally as ''Kal'bôishakhi'', or ''Nor'westers'' in English.<ref name="climate"/>
+The annual mean temperature is {{cvt|26.8|°C}}; monthly mean temperatures are {{cvt|19 to 30|°C}}. Summers (March–June) are hot and humid, with temperatures in the low 30s Celsius; during dry spells, maximum temperatures often exceed {{cvt|40|°C}} in May and June. Winter lasts for roughly {{frac|2|1|2}} months, with seasonal lows dipping to {{cvt|9 to 11|°C}} in December and January. May is the hottest month, with daily temperatures ranging from {{cvt|27 to 37|°C}}; January, the coldest month, has temperatures varying from {{cvt|12 to 23|°C}}. The highest recorded temperature is {{cvt|43.9|°C}}, and the lowest is {{cvt|5|°C}}. The winter is mild and very comfortable weather pertains over the city throughout this season. Often, in April–June, the city is struck by heavy rains or dusty squalls that are followed by thunderstorms or hailstorms, bringing cooling relief from the prevailing humidity. These thunderstorms are [[convection rain|convective]] in nature, and are known locally as ''Kal'bôishakhi'', or ''Nor'westers'' in English.<ref name="climate"/>
 ====Rainfall====
-Rains brought by the [[Bay of Bengal]] branch of the [[Southwest monsoon|south-west summer monsoon]] lash Jaynagar Majilpur between June and September, supplying it with most of its annual rainfall of about 1,850&nbsp;mm (73&nbsp;in). The highest monthly rainfall total occurs in July and August. In these months often incessant rain for days brings live to a stall for the city dwellers. The town receives 2,528 hours of sunshine per year, with maximum [[Insolation|sunlight exposure]] occurring in March. Jaynagar Majilpur has been hit by several cyclones; these include systems occurring in 1737 and 1864 that killed thousands.<ref name="climate"/>
+Rains brought by the [[Bay of Bengal]] branch of the [[Southwest monsoon|south-west summer monsoon]] lash Jaynagar Majilpur between June and September, supplying it with most of its annual rainfall of about 1,850&nbsp;mm (73&nbsp;in). The highest monthly rainfall total occurs in July and August. In these months often incessant rain for days brings live to a stall for the city dwellers. The city receives 2,528 hours of sunshine per year, with maximum [[Insolation|sunlight exposure]] occurring in March. Jaynagar Majilpur has been hit by several cyclones; these include systems occurring in 1737 and 1864 that killed thousands.<ref name="climate"/>
 <div style="width:100%">
@@ Line 343: / Line 324: @@
 ==Demographics==
-{{IndiaCensusPop
+===Population===
-| title = Population of Jaynagar Majilpur
+{{Historical populations
-| state =
+| 1901 | 8810
-| align =
+| 1911 | 9245
-| 1901 = 8810
+| 1921 | 8408
-| 1911 = 9245
+| 1931 | 9755
-| 1921 = 8408
+| 1941 | 14218
-| 1931 = 9755
+| 1951 | 13355
-| 1941 = 14218
+| 1961 | 14177
-| 1951 = 13355
+| 1971 | 15218
-| 1961 = 14177
+| 1981 | 16343
-| 1971 = 15218
+| 1991 | 20217
-| 1981 = 16343
+| 2001 | 23315
-| 1991 = 20217
+| 2011 | 25922
-| 2001 = 23315
+| source = [[Census of India]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1362/download/4462/DH_2011_1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH_TWENTY_FOUR_PARGANAS.pdf | title =  Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 999-1031 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 999-1006  | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal  |access-date =  17 October 2019}}</ref>
-| 2011 = 25922
-| estimate =
-| estyear =
-| estref =
-| footnote = Source:<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf | title =  District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803  | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal  |access-date =  17 October 2019}}</ref>
 }}
-According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Jaynagar Majilpur had a total population of 25,922, of which 13,234 were males and 12,688 were females. There were 2,277 people in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literate people was 20,898, which constituted 80.6% of the population with male literacy of 83.8% and female literacy of 77.3%. The effective literacy (7+) of population over 6 years of age was 88.4%, of which male literacy rate was 92.0% and female literacy rate was 84.7%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 4,830 and 24 respectively. Jaynagar Majilpur had a total of 6,036 households as of 2011.<ref>{{cite web |title=Census of India: Jaynagar Majilpur |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=378625 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref>
+According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Jaynagar Majilpur had a total population of 25,922, of which 13,234 (51.05%) were males and 12,688 (48.95%) were females. It had a population density of {{convert|4431|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} with a sex ratio of 959 females for every 1000 males. There were 2,277 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years which is 8.78% of the total population. The Scheduled Castes numbered 4,830 (18.63%) and the Scheduled Tribes numbered 24 (0.09%). The total number of literate persons was 20,898 (88.38% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 11,092 (91.96% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 9,806 (84.66% of the female population over 6 years). Jaynagar Majilpur had a total of 6,036 households as per report released by 2011 Census of India.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1363/download/4466/DH_2011_1917_PART_B_DCHB_SOUTH_TWENTY_FOUR_PARGANAS.pdf | title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-B, Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract | work = Urban PCA-Town wise Primary Census Abstract, Pages 536-583 | publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal | access-date =  17 October 2019}}</ref>
+===Language===
+{{Pie chart
+|caption = Languages of Jaynagar Majilpur (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
+|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 99.14 |color1 = orchid
+|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 0.82 |color2 = orange
+|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 0.03 |color3 = green
+|label4 = Others |value4 = 0.01 |color4 = grey
+}}
+At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 99.14% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 0.82% [[Hindi]] and 0.03% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
+===Religion===
+{{bar box
+|title=Religion in Jaynagar Majilpur (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
+|titlebar=#FCD116
+|left1=Religion
+|right1=Percent
+|float=left
+|bars=
+{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|81.34}}
+{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|18.23}}
+{{bar percent|[[Christianity in West Bengal|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|0.17}}
+{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|darkkhaki|0.04}}
+{{bar percent|[[Buddhism]]|yellow|0.02}}
+{{bar percent|[[Jainism]]|pink|0.02}}
+{{bar percent|Others or not stated|Black|0.18}}
+}}
-According to the [[2001 Census of India]], Jaynagar Majilpur had a total population of 23,315. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. It has an average literacy rate of 76%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 71%. 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title=Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, Including Cities and Towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 November 2008|publisher=Census Commission of India}}</ref>
+According to the [[2011 Census of India]], 81.34% of the population is [[Hindu]], 18.23%&nbsp;[[Muslim]], 0.17%&nbsp;[[Christian]], 0.04%&nbsp;[[Sikh]], 0.02%&nbsp;[[Buddhist]] and 0.02%&nbsp;[[Jainism|Jain]]. 0.18% did not state a religion in the census.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
 ==Civic administration==
 ===Municipality===
-[[Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality]] covers an area of {{cvt|5.85|km2}}. It has jurisdiction over parts of the Jaynagar Majilpur. The municipality was established in {{start date and age|1 April 1869}}. It is divided into 14 wards. According to the 2022 municipal election, it is being controlled by the [[All India Trinamool Congress]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.westbengalvaluationboard.gov.in/home/municipality_corporation_details/UC9vR2ZjbFZoQzh3QWNDZkp3eFFFbFdQa0NLWlBneUVoUEd5UTVpWmJVNm1BRHJSLzlGc2ZuaS91d1pEZzRpUVVVNUM2cTE1cldrSjlnVG41a1RIR3c9PQ== | title = Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality | work = West Bengal Valuation Board | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 18 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://wbdma.gov.in/HTM/DIS/MUNI_ULB_Joynagar-Mozilpur.htm|title=Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality|work=Department of Urban Development and Municipal Affairs|publisher=Government of West Bengal|access-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421011803/http://wbdma.gov.in/HTM/DIS/MUNI_ULB_Joynagar-Mozilpur.htm|archive-date=21 April 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
+[[Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality]] covers an area of {{cvt|5.85|km2}}. It has jurisdiction over the entire city of Jaynagar Majilpur. The municipality was established on {{start date and age|1 April 1869}}. It is divided into 14 administrative wards. According to the 2022 municipal election, it is being controlled by the [[All India Trinamool Congress]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://westbengalvaluationboard.gov.in/home/municipality_corporation_details/SGVyRXN1VW8zZCtuZjA2WFhDNjh0SXBOT042RkxvZmg2QnZyRGt4RncvaEU2L2tjd00rTGM0RVoyb0FaaVpQbWRzbzJML2lwc1lkeWhmNklxeHpyQXc9PQ== | title = Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality | work = West Bengal Valuation Board | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 18 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://wbdma.gov.in/HTM/DIS/MUNI_ULB_Joynagar-Mozilpur.htm|title=Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality|work=Department of Urban Development and Municipal Affairs|publisher=Government of West Bengal|access-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421011803/http://wbdma.gov.in/HTM/DIS/MUNI_ULB_Joynagar-Mozilpur.htm|archive-date=21 April 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 ===Police station===
-Jaynagar police station covers an area of {{cvt|438.06|km2}}. It has jurisdiction over parts of the [[Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality]], and the [[Jaynagar I]] and [[Jaynagar II]] CD blocks.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://baruipurpolicedistrict.org/jaynagar.php |title = Jaynagar police station | work= Baruipur police district |publisher=  West Bengal police | access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 South 24 Parganas  | work = Table No. 2.1 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref>
+Jaynagar police station covers an area of {{cvt|438.06|km2}}. It has jurisdiction over parts of the [[Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality]], and the [[Jaynagar I]] and [[Jaynagar II]] CD blocks.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://baruipurpolice.wb.gov.in/ps-detail/3 |title = Jaynagar police station | work= Baruipur police district |publisher=  West Bengal police | access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 South 24 Parganas | work = Table No. 2.1 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 17 October 2019 | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | url-status = dead }}</ref>
 ===CD block HQ===
-The headquarters of the Jaynagar I CD block are located at Baharu.<ref name="cdblock">{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpublibnet.gov.in/node/2155 | title = BDO Offices under South 24 Parganas District | publisher = West Bengal Public Library Network, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 11 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181003083629/http://www.wbpublibnet.gov.in/node/2155 | archive-date = 3 October 2018 | url-status = dead }}</ref> The map of the CD block Jaynagar I on the page number 699 in the ''District Census Handbook 2011'' for the South 24 Parganas district shows the headquarters of the CD block as being located in Jaynagar Majilpur.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block | publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref>
+The headquarters of the Jaynagar I CD block are located at Baharu.<ref name="cdblock">{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpublibnet.gov.in/node/2155 | title = BDO Offices under South 24 Parganas District | publisher = West Bengal Public Library Network, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 11 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181003083629/http://www.wbpublibnet.gov.in/node/2155 | archive-date = 3 October 2018 | url-status = dead }}</ref> The map of the CD block Jaynagar I on the page number 699 in the ''District Census Handbook 2011'' for the South 24 Parganas district shows the headquarters of the CD block as being located in Jaynagar Majilpur.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1362/download/4462/DH_2011_1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH_TWENTY_FOUR_PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block | publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref>
-The headquarters of the Jaynagar II CD block are located at Nimpith.<ref name="cdblock"/> The map of the CD block Jaynagar II on the page number 725 in the ''District Census Handbook 2011'' for the South 24 Parganas district shows the headquarters of the CD block as being located in Jaynagar Majilpur.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 725 - Map of Jaynagar II CD block | publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref>
+The headquarters of the Jaynagar II CD block are located at Nimpith.<ref name="cdblock"/> The map of the CD block Jaynagar II on the page number 725 in the ''District Census Handbook 2011'' for the South 24 Parganas district shows the headquarters of the CD block as being located in Jaynagar Majilpur.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1362/download/4462/DH_2011_1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH_TWENTY_FOUR_PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 725 - Map of Jaynagar II CD block | publisher =   Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 17 October 2019}}</ref>
 ==Transport==
 Jaynagar Majilpur is on the [[State Highway 1 (West Bengal)|State Highway 1]].<ref name="google">Google maps</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title =  List of State Highways in West Bengal | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 7 February 2017}}</ref>
-[[Jaynagar Majilpur railway station]] is on the [[Sealdah South lines|Sealdah–Namkhana line]] of the [[Kolkata Suburban Railway]] system.<ref name="google"/><ref>{{cite web | url =  https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-sealdah-namkhana-local-34792/14397/325/9534 | title = 34792 Sealdah–Namkhana Local | work = Time Table | publisher = India Rail Info  | access-date =  17 October 2019}}</ref>
+[[Jaynagar Majilpur railway station]] is on the [[Sealdah South section|Sealdah–Namkhana line]] of the [[Kolkata Suburban Railway]].<ref name="google"/><ref>{{cite web | url =  https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-sealdah-namkhana-local-34792/14397/325/9534 | title = 34792 Sealdah–Namkhana Local | work = Time Table | publisher = India Rail Info  | access-date =  17 October 2019}}</ref>
 ===Commuters===
@@ Line 393: / Line 397: @@
 * [[Jaynagar Institution]] is a Bengali-medium school for boys. It was established in 1878 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
 * Jaynagar P. C. Paul Institution is a Bengali-medium school for boys. It was established in 1915 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
-* Jaynagar Institution for Girls, a Bengali-medium school for girls.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Bishwanath |title=West Bengal begins live lectures for Class 10 and 12 students on TV |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/west-bengal-begins-live-lectures-for-class-10-and-12-students-on-tv/article31286080.ece |access-date=24 March 2022 |work=The Hindu |date=8 April 2020 |language=en-IN}}</ref>
+* Jaynagar Institution for Girls is a Bengali-medium school for girls. It was established in 1947 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Bishwanath |title=West Bengal begins live lectures for Class 10 and 12 students on TV |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/west-bengal-begins-live-lectures-for-class-10-and-12-students-on-tv/article31286080.ece |access-date=24 March 2022 |work=The Hindu |date=8 April 2020 |language=en-IN}}</ref>
 * Jaynagar Chamatkarini Balika Vidyalaya is a Bengali-medium school for girls. It was established in 1941 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
 * Majilpur J. M. Training School is a Bengali-medium school for boys. It was established in 1905 and has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.
@@ Line 400: / Line 404: @@
 ==Healthcare==
-Jaynagar Majilpur Maternity Home, with 10 beds, is the major government medical facility in the Jaynagar Majilpur.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/Hospitals.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics - Hospitals | publisher = Government of West Bengal  |access-date = 17 October 2019 }}</ref>
+Jaynagar Majilpur Maternity Home, with 10 beds, is the major government medical facility in the Jaynagar Majilpur.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/Hospitals.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics - Hospitals | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 17 October 2019 | archive-date = 14 September 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200914160418/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/Hospitals.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref>
 ==Notable people==
-* [[Sivanath Sastri]]
+* [[Sivanath Shastri]], Social reformer, philoshoper and writer
-* [[Kanailal Bhattacharjee]]
+* [[Kanailal Bhattacharjee]], Revolutionary nationalist
-* [[Nilratan Sircar]]
+* [[Nilratan Sircar]], Doctor
-* [[Jogindranath Sarkar]]
+* [[Jogindranath Sarkar]], Writer
-* [[Shakti Chattopadhyay]]
+* [[Shakti Chattopadhyay]], Writer
-* [[Bimal Krishna Matilal]]
+* [[Bimal Krishna Matilal]], Philosopher
-* [[Hemant Kumar]]
+* [[Hemant Kumar]], Music director, composer, lyricist and playback singer
-* [[Nirmala Mishra]]
+* [[Nirmala Mishra]], Playback singer
-* [[Subodh Banerjee]]
+* [[Subodh Banerjee]], Member of Legislative Assembly, Minister for Public Works Department and Minister for Labour
-* [[Paresh Nath Kayal]]
+* [[Paresh Nath Kayal]], Member of Parliament
-* [[Sakti Kumar Sarkar]]
+* [[Sakti Kumar Sarkar]], Member of Parliament
-* [[Sanat Kumar Mandal]]
+* [[Sanat Kumar Mandal]] Member of Parliament
-* [[Tarun Mandal]]
+* [[Tarun Mandal]], Member of Parliament
-* [[Pratima Mondal]]
+* [[Pratima Mondal]], Member of Parliament
-* [[Biswanath Das]]
+* [[Biswanath Das]], Member of Legislative Assembly
 ==References==
@@ Line 423: / Line 427: @@
 ==External links==
-* {{Commons-inline|Category:Jaynagar Majilpur}}
+* {{Commons-inline}}
-* {{Wikivoyage-inline}}
+* {{Wikivoyage inline}}
 * {{cite web|url=http://www.joynagar.in|title=Digitize Jaynagar Majilpur|access-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410134806/https://www.joynagar.in/|archive-date=10 April 2018|url-status=dead}}