List of ports in India

India has a coastline spanning 7516.6 kilometres, forming one of the biggest peninsulas in the world. According to the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, around 95 per cent of India's trading by volume and 70 per cent by value is done through maritime transport. It is serviced by 13 major ports (12 Government-owned and one private) and 187 notified minor and intermediate ports. Port Blair which was notified as major port in 2010 was removed of its status recently. The total 200 major and non-major ports are present in the following States: Maharashtra (53); Gujarat (40); Tamil Nadu (15); Karnataka (10) and others (82).^[1]

Map showing the location of airports and seaports in India

Government of India plans to modernise these ports and has approved a project called Sagarmala.^[2] The ports and shipping industry in India play a vital role in sustaining growth in the country's trade and commerce. The Indian Government has allowed Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) of up to 100 per cent under the automatic route for port and harbour construction and maintenance projects. The government has also initiated National Maritime Development Programme , an initiative to develop the maritime sector with a planned outlay of US$11.8 billion. Present by souvenir

Classification of ports

Indian government has a federal structure, and according to its constitution, maritime transport is to be administered by both the Central and the State governments. While the central government's shipping ministry administers the major ports, the minor and intermediate ports are administered by the relevant departments or ministries in the nine coastal states Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. Several of these 187 minor and intermediate ports have been identified by the respective governments to be developed, in a phased manner, a good proportion of them involving public–private partnership.

Major ports handled over 74% of all cargo traffic in 2007. All except Kamarajar Port Limited are government administered, but private sector participation in ports has increased. There are also 7 shipyards under the control of the central government of India, 2 shipyards controlled by state governments, and 19 privately owned shipyards.

As of 2000, there were 102 shipping companies operating in India, of which five were privately owned and based in India and one was owned by Shipping Corporation of India. There were 639 government-owned ships, including 91 oil tankers, 79 dry cargo bulk carriers, and 10 cellular container vessels. Indian-flagged vessels carried about 15 percent of overseas cargo at Indian ports for financial year 2003.

Ship breaking

As of January 2020, India has 30% share of ship breaking with annual US$1.1 billion revenue, which is lower than its potential business since India is not a signatory to Hong Kong International Convention for the safe and environmentally sound recycling of ships. Due to which treaty signatory nations, such as USA, Europe and Japan are not sending ships to India for breaking. India plans to pass the "Recycling of Ships Act, 2019" to ratify the Hong Kong treaty. This will allow India to capture its targeted 60% in the global ship breaking business while doubling the annual to US$2.3 billion target.^[3] India's Alang-Sosiya Ship Breaking Yard is world's largest ships' graveyard.^[3] Other ships' graveyard in India is the "Steel Industrials Kerala Limited".

Largest Port in Arabian Sea - Nhava Sheva Port (Maharashtra)

Largest Port in Bay of Bengal- Chennai Port (Tamil Nadu)

Cargo handled

The following table gives the detailed data about the 28 major & big ports of India.^[4] (Source: Indian Ports Association and Indian Private Ports & Terminals Association )

No.	Name	Estb. Date/Year	Image	City	State	Cargo Handled (FY2017-18)		Container Traffic (FY2017-18)		Ownership	Coast
No.	Name	Estb. Date/Year	Image	City	State	million tonnes	% Increase (over previous FY)	'000 TEUs	% Increase (over previous FY)	Ownership	Coast
1	Mundra Port	1998		Mundra	Gujarat	150				Adani Group	Western
2	Deendayal Port Trust	1965		Kandla	Gujarat	110.10	4.42% ↑	117	95.73% ↑	Government of India	Western
3	Paradip Port Authority	18th April 1966		Paradeep	Odisha	102.01	14.68% ↑	7	71.43% ↑	Government of India	Eastern
4	Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust	1988		Navi Mumbai	Maharashtra	66.00	6.20% ↑	4,833	6.89% ↑	Government of India	Western
5	Visakhapatnam Port Trust	1933		Visakhapatnam	Andhra Pradesh	63.54	4.12% ↑	389	5.66% ↑	Government of India	Eastern
6	Mumbai Port Trust	1873		Mumbai	Maharashtra	62.83	-0.35% ↓	42	-2.38% ↓	Government of India	Western
7	Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port Trust	1870		Kolkata	West Bengal	57.89	13.61% ↑	796	3.02% ↑	Government of India	Eastern
8	Karaikal Port	2009		Karaikal	Puducherry	55				Adani Group	Eastern
9	Chennai Port Trust	1881	150px	Chennai	Tamil Nadu	51.88	3.32% ↑	1,549	3.49% ↑	Government of India	Eastern
10	JSW Jaigad Port	2006		Ratnagiri district	Maharashtra	50				JSW Group	Western
11	Haldia Port Trust	1967		Haldia	West Bengal	48.6	18.61% ↑	115	3.45% ↑	Government of India	Western
12	Krishnapatnam Port	2008		Krishnapatnam	Andra Pradesh	45				Adani Group	Eastern
13	New Mangaluru Port Trust	1974		Mangaluru	Karnataka	42.06	5.28% ↑	115	17.39% ↑	Government of India	Western
14	Kamarajar Port	2001		Ennore	Tamil Nadu	38				Adani Group	Eastern
15	V.O. Chidambaranar Port Trust	1974		Thoothukkudi	Tamil Nadu	36.58	-4.91% ↓	698	8.02% ↑	Government of India	Eastern
16	JSW Dharamtar Port	2012		Alibag	Maharastra	34				JSW Group	Western
17	Cochin Port Trust	24 February 1964		Kochi	Kerala	32.02	16.52% ↑	735	11.69% ↑	Government of India	Western
18	Hazira Port	2013		Hazira	Gujarat	30				Adani Group	Western
19	Dighi Port	2000		Raigad district	Maharashtra	30				Adani Group	Eastern
20	Mormugao Port Trust	1985		Mormugao	Goa	26.90	-18.94% ↓	32	6.25% ↑	Government of India	Western
21	Dhamra Port	2011		Bhadrak district	Odisha	25				Adani Group	Eastern
22	Gopalpur port	2013		Chhatrapur	Odisha	25				Shapoorji Pallonji Group	Eastern
23	Gangavaram Port	2009		Visakhapatnam	Andhra Pradesh	18.04				Adani Group	Eastern
24	Kattupalli Port	2012		Kattupalli	Tamil Nadu	18				Adani Group	Eastern
25	Dahej Port	2010		Bharuch district	Gujarat	17.5				Adani Group	Western
26	Kakinada Port	1999		East Godavari	Andra Pradesh	14				Aurobindo Group	Eastern
27	Tuna Port	2022^[5]		Tuna	Gujarat	14				Adani Group	Western
28	APM Terminals Pipavav	2002		Pipavav	Gujarat	2	-46% ↓	1.35		Maersk	Western
	All Ports		India			1,234.1	4.77% ↑	9,138	7.62% ↑	-