Jalpaiguri district: Difference between revisions

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{{About|the [[India]]n district in the state of [[West Bengal]]|its eponymous city headquarters|Jalpaiguri City}}
{{Short description|District in West Bengal, India}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2020}}
{{About|the district|its eponymous city headquarters|Jalpaiguri City}}
 
{{More citations needed|date=May 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                           = Jalpaiguri district
| name               = Jalpaiguri district
| settlement_type                 = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]] of [[West Bengal]]
| native_name        =
| total_type                      = Total
| other_name        =
| native_name                    =
| settlement_type   = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]] of [[West Bengal]]
| image_skyline                   = {{Photomontage
| image_skyline     = {{Photomontage
|photo1a = Gorumara Neora Tea Estate Arnab Dutta.JPG
|photo1a = Gorumara Neora Tea Estate Arnab Dutta.JPG
|photo1b = Raikut Heritage.JPG
|photo1b = Raikut Heritage.JPG
|photo2a = Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary.jpg
|photo2a = Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary.jpg
|photo2b = Himalayan Peaks from Maynaguri.jpg
|photo2b = Kangchenjunga from Jalpaiguri.jpg
|photo3a = Beauty of sevoke .jpg 01.jpg
|photo3a = Beauty of sevoke .jpg 01.jpg
|size=250
|size = 300
|foot_montage = Clockwise from top: Neora Tea Estate, Raikut Palace, Himalayas from [[Jalpaiguri]], Sevoke bridge over the [[Teesta River|Teesta]], Champramary Wildlife Sanctuary
}}
}}
| image_caption                  = Neora Tea Estate, Raikut Palace, Himalayas from [[Mainaguri]], Sevoke bridge over the [[Teesta River|Teesta]], Champramary Wildlife Sanctuary
| mapframe = yes
| image_map                      = Jalpaiguri district.svg
| mapframe-point = none
| map_caption                    = Location of Jalpaiguri district in West Bengal
| mapsize            = 300
| coordinates                     =  
| map_caption1      = Location of Jalpaiguri district in West Bengal
| coor_pinpoint                  = Jalpaiguri
| coordinates       = {{coord|26|41|N|88|45|E|type:adm3rd_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type               = Country
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name               = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name   = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = {{flagicon image|..West Bengal Flag(INDIA).png}} [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of West Bengal|Division]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Jalpaiguri division|Jalpaiguri]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jalpaiguri division|Jalpaiguri]]
| established_title              = Established
| seat_type         = Headquarters
| established_date                =
| seat               = [[Jalpaiguri]]
| seat_type                       = Headquarters
| leader_title      = [[List of subdivisions of West Bengal|Subdivisions]]
| seat                           = [[Jalpaiguri]]
| leader_name        = [[Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision|Jalpaiguri Sadar]], [[Malbazar subdivision|Malbazar]], [[Dhupguri subdivision|Dhupguri]]
| parts_type                      = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| leader_title1      = [[Community Development Block|CD Blocks]]
| parts_style                    = para
| leader_name1      = [[Jalpaiguri (community development block)|Jalpaiguri]], [[Maynaguri (community development block)|Maynaguri]], [[Rajganj (community development block)|Rajganj]], [[Mal (community development block)|Mal]], [[Matiali (community development block)|Matiali]], [[Nagrakata (community development block)|Nagrakata]], [[Kranti (community development block)|Kranti]], [[Dhupguri (community development block)|Dhupguri]], [[Banarhat (community development block)|Banarhat]]
| p1                              =
| leader_title2      = [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| area_total_km2                  = 3044
| leader_name2      = [[Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jalpaiguri]]
| area_footnotes                  =
| leader_title3      = [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| population_as_of                = 2011
| leader_name3      = [[Nagrakata (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nagrakata]], [[Dhupguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dhupguri]], [[Maynaguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Maynaguri]], [[Mal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mal]], [[Dabgram-Phulbari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dabgram-Phulbari]], [[Jalpaiguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jalpaiguri]], [[Rajganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rajganj]]
| population_total                = 3,872,846
| total_type        = Total
| population_footnotes            =  
| area_total_km2    = 3386
| population_urban                = 1,103,847
| area_footnotes    =
| population_density_km2          = auto
| population_as_of  = 2011
| demographics_type1              = Demographics
| population_total  = 2,381,596
| demographics1_title1            = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| population_footnotes =
| demographics1_info1            = 84.79 per cent
| population_urban  = 752,805
| demographics1_title2            = Sex ratio
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics1_info2            = 954
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| leader_title                    =
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| leader_name                    =
| demographics1_info1 = 84.79 per cent
| leader_title1                  = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| demographics1_title2 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| leader_name1                    = [[Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jalpaiguri]], [[Alipurduars (Lok Sabha constituency)|Alipurduar]]
| demographics1_info2 = 954 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| leader_title2                  = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| demographics_type2 = Languages
| leader_name2                    = [[Nagrakata (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nagrakata]], [[Dhupguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dhupguri]], [[Mekliganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mekhliganj]], [[Maynaguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Maynaguri]], [[Mal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mal]], [[Dabgram-Phulbari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dabgram-Phulbari]], [[Jalpaiguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jalpaiguri]], [[Rajganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rajganj]]
| demographics2_title1 = Official
| timezone1                      = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| demographics2_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=5 July 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| utc_offset1                    = +05:30
| demographics2_title2 = Additional&nbsp;official
| registration_plate              =
| demographics2_info2 = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/>
| blank_name_sec1                = [[Indian road network|Major highways]]
| timezone1          = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| blank_info_sec1                = [[National Highway 31 (India)|NH 31]], [[National Highway 31A (India)|NH 31A]], [[National Highway 31C (India)|NH 31C]], [[National Highway 31D (India)|NH 31D]]
| utc_offset1        = +05:30
| blank_name_sec2                = Average annual precipitation
| website           = {{URL|http://www.jalpaiguri.gov.in}}
| blank_info_sec2                = 3160 mm
| website                         = {{url|http://www.jalpaiguri.gov.in}}
| official_name                  =
}}
}}


'''Jalpaiguri district''' (Pron: dʒɔlpaːiːguɽiː) is a district of the Indian state of [[West Bengal]]. It is situated between 26° 16' and 27° 0' North latitudes and 88° 4' and 89° 53' East longitudes. The district was established in 1869 during [[British Raj]].
'''Jalpaiguri district''' ({{IPA|bn|dʒɔlpaːiːguɽiː}}) is a district of the Indian state of [[West Bengal]]. The district was established in 1869 during [[British Raj]]. The headquarters of the district are in the city of [[Jalpaiguri]], which is also the divisional headquarters of [[Jalpaiguri division]].


The headquarters of the district are in the city of [[Jalpaiguri]], which is also the divisional headquarter of [[North Bengal]].
==History==
Jalpaiguri district comprises western [[Dooars]] and the major part of the eastern [[Morang District|Morang]] and this area, according to Sailen Debnath, in the ancient time was a part of the kingdom of [[Kamarupa]], and since the medieval period it became a part of [[Kamata Kingdom|Kamata kingdom]].<ref name="ReferenceA">Sailen Debnath,  The Dooars in Historical Transition, {{ISBN|9788186860441}}, N.L. Publishers</ref> Sailen writes that three of the five ancient capitals of Kamatapur were geographically in the district of Jalpaiguri; and the three capitals were at Chilapata, [[Mainaguri]] and Panchagarh in sequence. According to him, Hingulavas, the first capital of the next [[Koch kingdom]] as well was in Jalpaiguri district. Hingulavas has well been identified with Mahakalguri in Alipurduar Sub-Division.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>


==History==
===Under the Kingdom of Bhutan===
Jalpaiguri district comprises western [[Dooars]] and the major part of the eastern [[Morang]]; and this area, according to Sailen Debnath, in the ancient time was a part of the kingdom of Kamrup, and since the middle of the seventh century it became a part of [[Kamarupa]].<ref name="ReferenceA">Sailen Debnath,  The Dooars in Historical Transition, {{ISBN|9788186860441}}, N.L. Publishers</ref> Sailen writes that three of the five ancient capitals of Kamatapur were geographically in the district of Jalpaiguri; and the three capitals were at Chilapata, [[Mainaguri]] and Panchagarh in sequence. According to him, Hingulavas, the first capital of the next Koch kingdom as well was in Jalpaiguri district. Hingulavas has well been identified with Mahakalguri in Alipurduar Sub-Division.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
[[File:Southern border of Bhutan1985.jpg|thumb|280px|Southern Boundary of Bhutan contained the present Jalpaiguri district before 1865 [[Duar War]]]]
The Dooars in Jalpaiguri district were under the control of [[Kingdom of Bhutan]] from early 17th-century till 1865 when [[British East India]] company captured the area in the [[Duar War]] under the [[Duar War#Treaty of Sinchula|Treaty of Sinchula]] and were added to the district of Jalpaiguri in 1869 and later finally to the [[India|Indian Union]] in 1949.
 
Like all the Duars under [[Druk Gyalpo]] of [[Bhutan]], it was under the jurisdiction of [[Ponlop|Tongso Penlop]], below the Tongso Penlop were Subah who in turn appointed [[Mandal (surname)|Mondal]], Laskar or Uzir to look after the Duars.<ref>{{harvcol|Das|1998|p=32}}</ref>


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
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The district situated in the northern part of West Bengal has international borders with [[Bhutan]] and [[Bangladesh]] in the north and south respectively and district borders with [[Darjeeling]] hills in the west and northwest and [[Alipurduar district]] and [[Cooch Behar district]] on the east.
The district situated in the northern part of West Bengal has international borders with [[Bhutan]] and [[Bangladesh]] in the north and south respectively and district borders with [[Darjeeling]] hills in the west and northwest and [[Alipurduar district]] and [[Cooch Behar district]] on the east.


National protected areas include the [[Gorumara National Park]] and the [[Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary]].
National protected areas include the [[Gorumara National Park]] and the [[Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary]], the Pakhibitan Wildlife Sanctuary, the Baikunthapur Forest, the Khuttimary Forest, etc. reserve forest.
{{Further|topic=the countryside|Nathuahat}}


===Climate===
===Climate===
Jalpaiguri is part of monsoon climate zone of South-Eastern Asia. May is the hottest month of this region with average maximum temperature of about 32&nbsp;°C whereas January is coldest with  11&nbsp;°C. Highest ever recorded maximum and minimum temperature are 40&nbsp;°C and 2&nbsp;°C. The average annual humidity in the district is of 82%. The annual average rainfall is 3160mm. December is the driest month with average rainfall 0.2&nbsp;mm and July is wettest with 809.3&nbsp;mm. Number of rainy days are 0 to 1 during November to February and 24 days during July. Thunderstorms are common weather phenomenon during May.
Jalpaiguri is part of monsoon climate zone of [[Southeast Asia|South-Eastern Asia]]. May is the hottest month of this region with average maximum temperature of about 32&nbsp;°C whereas January is coldest with  11&nbsp;°C. Highest ever recorded maximum and minimum temperature are 40&nbsp;°C and 2&nbsp;°C. The average annual humidity in the district is of 82%. The annual average rainfall is 3160mm. December is the driest month with average rainfall 0.2&nbsp;mm and July is wettest with 809.3&nbsp;mm. Number of rainy days are 0 to 1 during November to February and 24 days during July. Thunderstorms are common weather phenomenon during May.


==Divisions==
==Divisions==


===Sub-divisions===
===Sub-divisions===
<!-- It doesn't makes sense to say there are four and the list two. This is being commented out until this can be resolved with a reference to a reliable source:
Jalpaiguri district have three sub-divisions – [[Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision]], [[Malbazar subdivision|Mal subdivision]] and [[Dhupguri subdivision]].  
=== Sub-divisions ===
 
Jalpaiguri district comprises four sub-divisions:
Jalpaiguri district earlier had three sub-divisions – [[Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision]], [[Malbazar subdivision|Mal subdivision]] and [[Alipurduar subdivision]]. [[Alipurduar district]] was created in June 2014 and Jalpaiguri district was left with two subdivisions – Jalpaiguri Sadar and Mal.<ref>{{cite news| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Alipurduar-a-new-district-on-June-25/articleshow/36916065.cms|title = Alipurduar a new district on June 25| newspaper=[[The Times of India]] | date=21 June 2014 | publisher=  | access-date = 6 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140621/jsp/siliguri/story_18534321.jsp#.VArbmaM1--c| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140625063726/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140621/jsp/siliguri/story_18534321.jsp#.VArbmaM1--c| url-status = dead| archive-date = 25 June 2014|title = Alipurduar district birth on June 25| publisher=  The Telegraph | access-date = 6 September 2014}}</ref> Dhupguri subdivision is a administrative division of Jalpaiguri district. It was formed by dividing [[Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision]].<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/dhupguri-subdivision-now-official/articleshow/106972239.cms|title=Dhupguri Subdivision Now Official|newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=19 January 2024 | access-date=22 February 2024 }}</ref>
*[[Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision]]  
*[[Malbazar subdivision]]
===Block===
1.Jalpaiguri
2.Maynaguri
3.Dhupguri
4.Rajganj
5.Mal
6.Matiali
7.NagraKata
=Municipality=
1.Jalpaiguri
2.Dhupguri
3.Maynaguri
4.MalBazar
Some area are Covered Under Siliguri Municipal Corporation
-->
Jalpaiguri district earlier had three sub-divisions – [[Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision]], [[Malbazar subdivision|Mal subdivision]] and Alipurduar subdivision. [[Alipurduar district]] was created in June 2014 and Jalpaiguri district was left with two subdivisions – Jalpaiguri Sadar and Mal.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Alipurduar-a-new-district-on-June-25/articleshow/36916065.cms|title = Alipurduar a new district on June 25| publisher= The Times of India, 21 June 2014 | access-date = 6 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140621/jsp/siliguri/story_18534321.jsp#.VArbmaM1--c|title = Alipurduar district birth on June 25| publisher=  The Telegraph, 21 June 2014 | access-date = 6 September 2014}}</ref>


===Assembly constituencies===
Municipalities: [[Jalpaiguri]], [[Malbazar]], [[Mainaguri]], [[Dhupguri]]
The district is divided into seven [[assembly constituency|assembly constituencies]]:<ref name =delimitation>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf | title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 | access-date = 6 September 2014 | work = West Bengal | publisher = Election Commission}}</ref>
#[[Dhupguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dhupguri]] (assembly constituency no. 15),
#[[Maynaguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Maynaguri]] (assembly constituency no. 16),
#[[Jalpaiguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jalpaiguri]] (assembly constituency no. 17),
#[[Rajganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rajganj]] (assembly constituency no. 18),
#[[Dabgram-Phulbari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dabgram-Phulbari]] (assembly constituency no. 19),
#[[Mal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mal]] (assembly constituency no. 20) and
#[[Nagrakata (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nagrakata]] (assembly constituency no. 21).


Nagrakata and Malbazar constituencies are reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] candidates. Dhupguri, Mainaguri and Rajganj constituencies are reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Castes]] candidates. Dhupguri, Mainaguri, Malbazar, Dabgram-Phulbari, Jalpaiguri and Rajganj constituencies form the [[Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which also contains one assembly constituency from [[Cooch Behar district]].
Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision comprises a portion of [[Siliguri Municipal Corporation]], [[Jalpaiguri Municipality]], [[Maynaguri |Maynaguri Municipality]], [[Rajganj (community development block)|Rajganj community development block]], [[Jalpaiguri (community development block)|Jalpaiguri community development block]] and [[Maynaguri (community development block)|Maynaguri community development block]]


====Impact of delimitation of constituencies====
Dhupguri subdivision comprises [[Dhupguri|Dhupguri Municipality]], [[Dhupguri (community development block)|Dhupguri community development block]] and [[Banarhat (community development block)|Banarhat community development block]]
As per order of the [[Delimitation Commission]] in respect of the [[delimitation of constituencies]] in the West Bengal, the district will be divided into seven assembly constituencies:<ref name =delimitation/>
#[[Dhupguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dhupguri (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 15),
#[[Maynaguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Maynaguri (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 16),
#[[Jalpaiguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jalpaiguri (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 17),
#[[Rajganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rajganj (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 18),
#[[Dabgram-Phulbari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dabgram-Phulbari]] (assembly constituency no. 19),
#[[Mal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mal (ST)]] (assembly constituency no. 20) and
#[[Nagrakata (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nagrakata (ST)]] (assembly constituency no. 21).


Malbazar and Nagrakata constituencies will remain to be reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] candidates.  Dhupguri, Mainaguri, Jalpaiguri and Rajganj constituencies will be reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Castes]] candidates. Along with one assembly constituency from [[Cooch Behar district]], Dhupguri, Mainaguri, Jalpaiguri, Rajganj, Dabgram-Phulbari, and Malbazar constituencies will form the [[Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which will be reserved for Scheduled Castes.
Malbazar subdivision comprises [[Malbazar|Malbazar Municipality]], [[Mal (community development block)|Mal community development block]], [[Kranti (community development block)|Kranti community development block]], [[Matiali (community development block)|Matiali community development block]], [[Nagrakata (community development block)|Nagrakata community development block]]


===Police stations===
===Police stations===
There are 16 police stations in the district, viz.:<ref name=adminsetup>{{cite web
There are 16 police stations in the district, viz.:<ref name="adminsetup">{{cite web |title=Administrative setup |url=http://jalpaiguri.nic.in/MAP2.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410051608/http://jalpaiguri.nic.in/MAP2.htm |archive-date=10 April 2009 |access-date=7 November 2008 |publisher=Official website of the Jalpaiguri district }}</ref>
|url         = http://jalpaiguri.nic.in/MAP2.htm
|title        = Administrative setup
|publisher    = Official website of the Jalpaiguri district
|access-date  = 7 November 2008
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090410051608/http://jalpaiguri.nic.in/MAP2.htm
|archive-date = 10 April 2009
|url-status    = dead
|df          = dmy-all
}}</ref>
#[[Banarhat]]
#[[Banarhat]]
#Bhaktinagar
#Bhaktinagar
Line 157: Line 116:
#[[Nagrakata]]
#[[Nagrakata]]
#[[New Jalpaiguri]]
#[[New Jalpaiguri]]
#Patkata (Phari)
#[[Patkata, West Bengal|Patkata]] (Phari)
#[[Rajganj, Jalpaiguri|Rajganj]]
#[[Rajganj, Jalpaiguri|Rajganj]]


Line 163: Line 122:
There are six telephone area codes of Jalpaiguri district.
There are six telephone area codes of Jalpaiguri district.
They are 03561, 03562, 03563, 03564, 03565, 03566.
They are 03561, 03562, 03563, 03564, 03565, 03566.
=== Assembly constituencies ===
As per order of the [[Delimitation Commission]] in respect of the [[delimitation of constituencies]] in the West Bengal, the district is divided into seven assembly constituencies:<ref name="delimitation">{{cite web |title=Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 |url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf |access-date=6 September 2014 |work=[[West Bengal]] |publisher=[[Election Commission (India)]]}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!No.
!Name
!Lok Sabha
!MLA
! colspan="2" |2021 Winner
! colspan="2" |2024 Lead
|-
| 15
| [[Dhupguri Assembly constituency|Dhupguri (SC)]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Jalpaiguri Lok Sabha constituency|Jalpaiguri]]
|[[Nirmal Chandra Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
| 16
| [[Maynaguri Assembly constituency|Maynaguri (SC)]]
|[[Kaushik Roy (politician)|Kaushik Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 17
| [[Jalpaiguri Assembly constituency|Jalpaiguri (SC)]]
|[[Pradip Kumar Barma]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 18
| [[Rajganj Assembly constituency|Rajganj (SC)]]
|[[Khageswar Roy|Khageshwar Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 19
| [[Dabgram-Phulbari Assembly constituency|Dabgram-Phulbari]]
|[[Sikha Chatterjee|Shikha Chatterjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 20
| [[Mal Assembly constituency|Mal (ST)]]
|[[Bulu Chik Baraik]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| 21
| [[Nagrakata Assembly constituency|Nagrakata (ST)]]
|[[Alipurduars Lok Sabha constituency|Alipurduars]]
|[[Puna Bhengra]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}
Malbazar and Nagrakata constituencies are reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] candidates.  Dhupguri, Maynaguri, Jalpaiguri and Rajganj constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Caste candidates. Along with one assembly constituency from [[Cooch Behar district]], Dhupguri, Maynaguri, Jalpaiguri, Rajganj, Dabgram-Phulbari, and Malbazar constituencies form [[Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which is reserved for Scheduled Castes.


==Transport==
==Transport==
One can avail train from the major railway stations in the vicinity like [[New Jalpaiguri railway station]]/ [[Jalpaiguri railway station|Jalpaiguri]]/ [[Jalpaiguri-Road railway station|Jalpaiguri Road]]/ [[New Maynaguri railway station]]/ [[New Mal Junction railway station]]. By road it is connected with rest of the country.  Air travel is available up to [[Bagdogra Airport]], and from there it is connected by a 20&nbsp;km expressway from the district border.
One can avail train from the major railway stations in the vicinity like [[New Jalpaiguri railway station]], [[Jalpaiguri railway station|Jalpaiguri]], [[Jalpaiguri-Road railway station|Jalpaiguri Road]], [[New Maynaguri railway station]], [[New Mal Junction railway station]]. By road it is connected with rest of the country.  Air travel is available up to [[Bagdogra Airport]], and from there it is connected by a 20&nbsp;km expressway from the district border.


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=5,46,764|13=1911|14=6,63,222|15=1921|16=6,95,946|17=1931|18=7,40,993|19=1941|20=8,47,841|21=1951|22=9,16,747|23=1961|24=13,59,292|25=1971|26=17,50,159|27=1981|28=22,14,871|29=1991|30=28,00,543|31=2001|32=34,01,173|33=2011|34=38,72,846|source=Census of India<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=center}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Jalpaiguri district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 3,872,846, roughly equal to the nation of [[Liberia]].<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote =Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 66th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]). The district has a population density of {{convert|621|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} . Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was  33.77%. Jalpaiguri has a [[sex ratio]] of 954 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males, and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 79.79%.<ref name="districtcensus" />
After bifurcation, the district has a population of 2,381,596, of which 752,805 (31.62%) live in urban areas. The residual district has a sex ratio of 956 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have a population of 1,001,572 (42.05%) and 349,592 (14.68%) of the population respectively.<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Jalpaiguri |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1330/download/4334/DH_2011_1902_PART_A_DCHB_JALPAIGURI.pdf |website= |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
=== Religion ===
{{bar box
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Jalpaiguri <ref name="Census2011">{{cite web|title=Jalpaiguri Metropolitan Region|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/194-jalpaiguri.html|website=Jalpaiguri City Census 2011 data|publisher=Census 2011|access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref>
|title=Religion in Jalpaiguri district (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|left1=Religion
Line 175: Line 196:
|float=right
|float=right
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|84.16}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|82.41}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|13.64}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|13.25}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians]]|blue|0.94}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in West Bengal|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|3.12}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism|Buddhists]]|brown|0.56}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism]]|yellow|0.64}}
{{bar percent|Others|magenta|1.20}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.58}}
|caption=Distribution of religions
<br /> <small> *Others include [[Jainism|Jains]] (0.13%).[[Sikhism|Sikhs]] (0.47%), </small>
}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Jalpaiguri district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 3,872,846,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Liberia]].<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote =Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est.
According to the 2011 Census, the population of present-day Jalpaiguri district was 2,381,596. Hinduism was the predominant religion, followed by 1,962,679 people (82.41%). Islam was practised by 315,478 (13.25%), and Christianity by 74,188 (3.12%). Tribal religions saw a sharp decline, with only 8,950 followers (0.38%). Buddhism had 15,358 adherents (0.64%), while 4,943 people (0.20%) followed other religions.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 66th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|621|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was  33.77%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Jalpaiguri has a [[sex ratio]] of 954[[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 79.79%.<ref name=districtcensus/>


{{See also| List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate}}
=== Language ===
[[Bengali Hindus]] formed the majority of Jalpaiguri district population. The second largest [[Religions in India|religion]] in the district is [[Islam]], (mainly [[Sunni]]). Other minority communities, speaking languages include [[Indian Gorkha|Gorkhas (Nepali)]], [[Marwaris]], [[Bihari people|Biharis]], [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]], [[Urdu]], [[Munda languages|Munda]]; a language distantly related to [[Khmer language|Khmer]] and [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], spoken by about 25,000 people.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bijori: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bix | access-date = 30 September 2011 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref>
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Jalpaiguri district (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 65.56 |color1 = orchid
|label2 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value2 = 12.94 |color2 = burlywood
|label3 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value3 = 4.90 |color3 = lightcoral
|label4 = [[Hindi]] |value4 = 4.69 |color4 = orange
|label5 = 'Other' Bengali |value5 = 3.80 |color5 = mediumpurple
|label6 = [[Rangpuri language|Rajbongshi]] |value6 = 2.69 |color6 = plum
|label7 = [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] |value7 = 1.39 |color7 = mediumseagreen
|label8 = Others |value8 = 4.03 |color8 = grey
}}


According to the 2011 census, 66.3% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 14.43% [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 6.75% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 4.29% [[Hindi]], 2.87% [[Rangpuri language|Rajbongshi]] and 2.05% [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] as their first language.<ref name="m">http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html</ref><ref name="censusindia">{{cite web|title=DISTRIBUTION OF THE 22 SCHEDULED LANGUAGES-INDIA/STATES/UNION TERRITORIES - 2011 CENSUS|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Part-A.pdf|archive-date=29 March 2016}}</ref>  
According to the 2011 census, 65.57% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 12.96% [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 4.90% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 4.69% [[Hindi]], 2.69% [[Rangpuri language|Rajbongshi]] and 1.39% [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] as their first language. Other languages spoken include [[Santali language|Santali]] and [[Mundari language|Munda]].<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website= |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> Kurukh and other tribal languages such as [[Kharia language|Kharia]] and Mundari were once more widespread among the tea tribes as late as the 1960s, but they have since rapidly shifted to Sadri as their mother tongue.
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=5,46,764|13=1911|14=6,63,222|15=1921|16=6,95,946|17=1931|18=7,40,993|19=1941|20=8,47,841|21=1951|22=9,16,747|23=1961|24=13,59,292|25=1971|26=17,50,159|27=1981|28=22,14,871|29=1991|30=28,00,543|31=2001|32=34,01,173|33=2011|34=38,72,846|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}}


==Flora and fauna==
==Ecology==
It is home to [[Gorumara National Park]], which was established in 1994 and has an area of {{convert|79|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment |title=Protected areas: Sikkim |url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |access-date=25 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |archive-date=23 August 2011 }}</ref> Apart from [[Gorumara National Park]], the district contains [[Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary]].
It is home to [[Gorumara National Park]], which was established in 1994 and has an area of {{convert|79|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment |title=Protected areas: Sikkim |url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |access-date=25 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |archive-date=23 August 2011 }}</ref> Apart from [[Gorumara National Park]], the district contains [[Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary]].
== Notable people ==
This is a list of notable people from [[Jalpaiguri District]].
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
* [[Promode R. Bandyopadhyay]], inventor, research scientist and Technical Program Manager at the [[Naval Undersea Warfare Center]], New Port, [[Rhode Island]], USA
* [[P. K. Banerjee]], football player and coach
* [[Bappi Lahiri]], Indian singer
* [[Samaresh Majumdar]], Bengali author of novels like ''Uttoradhikar'', ''Kalpurush'', and ''Kaalbela''
* [[Swapna Barman]], heptathlete<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/could-never-afford-nutritious-food-required-by-athlete-asian-gold-medallist-swapna-barmans-father-4745931/|title=Could never afford nutritious food required by athlete, Asian gold-medallist Swapna Barman's father|date=11 July 2017|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=17 July 2017|language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[Ratan Lal Basu]], fiction writer
* [[Moushumi Bhowmik]], singer
* [[Mimi Chakraborty]], Tollywood actress and [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] from Jadavpur constituency
* [[Sukalyan Ghosh Dastidar]], Indian [[footballer]] of the 1970s
* [[Kazi Musharraf Hussain]], former Education Minister
* [[Ahmed Hassan Imran]], journalist and politician
* [[Fazlul Karim (politician)|Fazlul Karim]], politician
* [[Saifuddin Ahmed Manik]], politician
* [[Manoj Mohammed]], footballer
* [[Asaduzzaman Noor]], actor, politician and activist
* [[Ahmad Fazlur Rahman]], first native vice-chancellor of the University of Dacca
* [[Latifur Rahman (businessman)|Latifur Rahman]], business magnate and media mogul
* [[Khaleda Zia]], Former Prime Minister of [[Bangladesh]] from [[First Khaleda ministry|1991 to 1996]] & [[Third Khaleda ministry|2001 to 2006]] and chairperson of [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]
* [[Taslimuddin Ahmad]], lawyer and litterateur
* [[Anisur Rahman Anis]], actor
* [[Bazlur Rahman Badal]], dancer
* [[Shanti Tigga]], first female jawan in the Indian Army.
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
==Geographical indication==
[[Kalonunia rice]] was awarded the [[List of geographical indications in India|Geographical Indication]] (GI) status tag from the [[Geographical Indication Registry (India)|Geographical Indications Registry]] under the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]] on 2 January 2024 (valid until 11 March 2034). It is a common and widely cultivated crop in districts of [[Cooch Behar district|Cooch Behar]], Jalpaiguri and [[Alipurduar district|Alipurduar]] along with some parts of [[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]] & [[Kalimpong district|Kalimpong]] districts of West Bengal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bengal's own Gobindabhog and Tulaipanji soon to get a distinct stand on world map |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/how-new-grading-rules-for-non-basmati-rice-varieties-can-put-gobindabhog-on-world-map-9091192/ |access-date=23 November 2024 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=2 January 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Khush |first1=Gurdev S. |last2=Hettel |first2=Gene |last3=Rola |first3=Tess |title=Rice Genetics III: Proceedings of the Third International Rice Genetics Symposium, Manila, Philippines, 16-20 October 1995 |date=1996 |publisher=Int. Rice Res. Inst. |isbn=978-971-22-0087-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M_hKLjbOuBEC&dq=Kalonunia+rice&pg=PA823 |access-date=23 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Roychoudhury |first1=Aryadeep |title=Rice Research for Quality Improvement: Genomics and Genetic Engineering: Volume 2: Nutrient Biofortification and Herbicide and Biotic Stress Resistance in Rice |date=29 July 2020 |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |isbn=978-981-15-5337-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6RL0DwAAQBAJ&dq=Kalonunia+rice&pg=PA393 |access-date=23 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Sarker |first1=Dilip De |last2=Saha |first2=Manas Ranjan |last3=Saha |first3=Subrata |title=Perspective of dietetic and antioxidant medicinal plants |date=1 January 2015 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=978-93-84878-95-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YTrECQAAQBAJ&dq=Kalonunia+rice&pg=PT20 |language=en}}</ref>
State Agricultural Management & Extension Training Institute (SAMETI) from [[Narendrapur]], proposed the GI registration of Kalonunia rice. After filing the application in March 2021, the rice was granted the GI tag in 2024 by the Geographical Indication Registry in [[Chennai]], making the name "Kalonunia rice" exclusive to the rice grown in the region.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Kalonunia Rice |url=https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/743 |website=Intellectual Property India |access-date=23 November 2024}}</ref> It thus became the third rice variety from West Bengal after [[Tulaipanji rice]] and the 26th type of goods from West Bengal to earn the GI tag.
The GI tag protects the rice from illegal selling and marketing, and gives it legal protection and a unique identity.
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
==See also==
*[[Sakati Jhakua Para]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* {{Cite thesis|last=Das|first=Smriti|date=1998|title=Assam Bhutan relations with special reference to duars from 1681 to 1949|type=PhD|publisher=[[Guwahati University]]|url=https://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/195|hdl=10603/67909|access-date=14 April 2023|archive-date=16 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316100526/https://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/195|url-status=dead}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://jalpaiguri.gov.in/ District Website]
* {{Official website|http://jalpaiguri.gov.in/}}
{{Geographic location
{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Jalpaiguri district
|Centre    = Jalpaiguri district
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{{Districts of West Bengal}}
{{Districts of West Bengal}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|26.7|N|89.0|E|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:IN-WB|format=dms}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Jalpaiguri District}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jalpaiguri District}}
[[Category:Jalpaiguri district| ]]
[[Category:Jalpaiguri district]]
[[Category:Gorkhaland]]
[[Category:Gorkhaland]]
[[Category:Districts of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Districts of West Bengal]]
[[Category:1869 establishments in India]]
[[Category:1869 establishments in India]]

Latest revision as of 02:26, 13 February 2026


This article is about the district. For its eponymous city headquarters, see Jalpaiguri City.
Jalpaiguri district
District of West Bengal
Clockwise from top: Neora Tea Estate, Raikut Palace, Himalayas from Jalpaiguri, Sevoke bridge over the Teesta, Champramary Wildlife Sanctuary
Coordinates: 26°41′N 88°45′E / 26.683°N 88.750°E / 26.683; 88.750
CountryIndia
StateWest Bengal
DivisionJalpaiguri
HeadquartersJalpaiguri
Government
 • SubdivisionsJalpaiguri Sadar, Malbazar, Dhupguri
 • CD BlocksJalpaiguri, Maynaguri, Rajganj, Mal, Matiali, Nagrakata, Kranti, Dhupguri, Banarhat
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesJalpaiguri
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesNagrakata, Dhupguri, Maynaguri, Mal, Dabgram-Phulbari, Jalpaiguri, Rajganj
Area
 • Total3,386 km2 (1,307 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total2,381,596
 • Density700/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
 • Urban
752,805
Demographics
 • Literacy84.79 per cent
 • Sex ratio954 ♂/♀
Languages
 • OfficialBengali[1][2]
 • Additional officialEnglish[1]
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Websitewww.jalpaiguri.gov.in

Jalpaiguri district (bn) is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. The district was established in 1869 during British Raj. The headquarters of the district are in the city of Jalpaiguri, which is also the divisional headquarters of Jalpaiguri division.

History[edit | edit source]

Jalpaiguri district comprises western Dooars and the major part of the eastern Morang and this area, according to Sailen Debnath, in the ancient time was a part of the kingdom of Kamarupa, and since the medieval period it became a part of Kamata kingdom.[3] Sailen writes that three of the five ancient capitals of Kamatapur were geographically in the district of Jalpaiguri; and the three capitals were at Chilapata, Mainaguri and Panchagarh in sequence. According to him, Hingulavas, the first capital of the next Koch kingdom as well was in Jalpaiguri district. Hingulavas has well been identified with Mahakalguri in Alipurduar Sub-Division.[3]

Under the Kingdom of Bhutan[edit | edit source]

Southern Boundary of Bhutan contained the present Jalpaiguri district before 1865 Duar War

The Dooars in Jalpaiguri district were under the control of Kingdom of Bhutan from early 17th-century till 1865 when British East India company captured the area in the Duar War under the Treaty of Sinchula and were added to the district of Jalpaiguri in 1869 and later finally to the Indian Union in 1949.

Like all the Duars under Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan, it was under the jurisdiction of Tongso Penlop, below the Tongso Penlop were Subah who in turn appointed Mondal, Laskar or Uzir to look after the Duars.[4]

Geography[edit | edit source]

Samsing in Jalpaiguri district

Jalpaiguri is a part of West Bengal which is situated in North Bengal.

The district situated in the northern part of West Bengal has international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh in the north and south respectively and district borders with Darjeeling hills in the west and northwest and Alipurduar district and Cooch Behar district on the east.

National protected areas include the Gorumara National Park and the Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary, the Pakhibitan Wildlife Sanctuary, the Baikunthapur Forest, the Khuttimary Forest, etc. reserve forest.

Further information on the countryside: Nathuahat

Climate[edit | edit source]

Jalpaiguri is part of monsoon climate zone of South-Eastern Asia. May is the hottest month of this region with average maximum temperature of about 32 °C whereas January is coldest with 11 °C. Highest ever recorded maximum and minimum temperature are 40 °C and 2 °C. The average annual humidity in the district is of 82%. The annual average rainfall is 3160mm. December is the driest month with average rainfall 0.2 mm and July is wettest with 809.3 mm. Number of rainy days are 0 to 1 during November to February and 24 days during July. Thunderstorms are common weather phenomenon during May.

Divisions[edit | edit source]

Sub-divisions[edit | edit source]

Jalpaiguri district have three sub-divisions – Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision, Mal subdivision and Dhupguri subdivision.

Jalpaiguri district earlier had three sub-divisions – Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision, Mal subdivision and Alipurduar subdivision. Alipurduar district was created in June 2014 and Jalpaiguri district was left with two subdivisions – Jalpaiguri Sadar and Mal.[5][6] Dhupguri subdivision is a administrative division of Jalpaiguri district. It was formed by dividing Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision.[7]

Municipalities: Jalpaiguri, Malbazar, Mainaguri, Dhupguri

Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision comprises a portion of Siliguri Municipal Corporation, Jalpaiguri Municipality, Maynaguri Municipality, Rajganj community development block, Jalpaiguri community development block and Maynaguri community development block

Dhupguri subdivision comprises Dhupguri Municipality, Dhupguri community development block and Banarhat community development block

Malbazar subdivision comprises Malbazar Municipality, Mal community development block, Kranti community development block, Matiali community development block, Nagrakata community development block

Police stations[edit | edit source]

There are 16 police stations in the district, viz.:[8]

  1. Banarhat
  2. Bhaktinagar
  3. Binnaguri (Phari)
  4. Chalsa
  5. Dhupguri
  6. Domohani (Phari)
  7. Gairkata
  8. Jalpaiguri (Kotwali)
  9. Kranti Hat (Phari)
  10. Malbazar
  11. Matelli (Phari)
  12. Mainaguri
  13. Nagrakata
  14. New Jalpaiguri
  15. Patkata (Phari)
  16. Rajganj

Telephone districts[edit | edit source]

There are six telephone area codes of Jalpaiguri district. They are 03561, 03562, 03563, 03564, 03565, 03566.

Assembly constituencies[edit | edit source]

As per order of the Delimitation Commission in respect of the delimitation of constituencies in the West Bengal, the district is divided into seven assembly constituencies:[9]

No. Name Lok Sabha MLA 2021 Winner 2024 Lead
15 Dhupguri (SC) Jalpaiguri Nirmal Chandra Roy Trinamool Congress Bharatiya Janata Party
16 Maynaguri (SC) Kaushik Roy Bharatiya Janata Party
17 Jalpaiguri (SC) Pradip Kumar Barma Trinamool Congress
18 Rajganj (SC) Khageshwar Roy Trinamool Congress
19 Dabgram-Phulbari Shikha Chatterjee Bharatiya Janata Party Bharatiya Janata Party
20 Mal (ST) Bulu Chik Baraik Trinamool Congress Trinamool Congress
21 Nagrakata (ST) Alipurduars Puna Bhengra Bharatiya Janata Party

Malbazar and Nagrakata constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Tribes candidates. Dhupguri, Maynaguri, Jalpaiguri and Rajganj constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Caste candidates. Along with one assembly constituency from Cooch Behar district, Dhupguri, Maynaguri, Jalpaiguri, Rajganj, Dabgram-Phulbari, and Malbazar constituencies form Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency), which is reserved for Scheduled Castes.

Transport[edit | edit source]

One can avail train from the major railway stations in the vicinity like New Jalpaiguri railway station, Jalpaiguri, Jalpaiguri Road, New Maynaguri railway station, New Mal Junction railway station. By road it is connected with rest of the country. Air travel is available up to Bagdogra Airport, and from there it is connected by a 20 km expressway from the district border.

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1901546,764—    
1911663,222+21.3%
1921695,946+4.9%
1931740,993+6.5%
1941847,841+14.4%
1951916,747+8.1%
19611,359,292+48.3%
19711,750,159+28.8%
19812,214,871+26.6%
19912,800,543+26.4%
20013,401,173+21.4%
20113,872,846+13.9%
Source: Census of India[10]

According to the 2011 census Jalpaiguri district had a population of 3,872,846, roughly equal to the nation of Liberia.[11] This gives it a ranking of 66th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 621 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,610/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 33.77%. Jalpaiguri has a sex ratio of 954 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 79.79%.[12]

After bifurcation, the district has a population of 2,381,596, of which 752,805 (31.62%) live in urban areas. The residual district has a sex ratio of 956 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have a population of 1,001,572 (42.05%) and 349,592 (14.68%) of the population respectively.[12]

Religion[edit | edit source]

Religion in Jalpaiguri district (2011)[13]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 82.41%
Islam
 
 13.25%
Christianity
 
 3.12%
Buddhism
 
 0.64%
Other or not stated
 
 0.58%

According to the 2011 Census, the population of present-day Jalpaiguri district was 2,381,596. Hinduism was the predominant religion, followed by 1,962,679 people (82.41%). Islam was practised by 315,478 (13.25%), and Christianity by 74,188 (3.12%). Tribal religions saw a sharp decline, with only 8,950 followers (0.38%). Buddhism had 15,358 adherents (0.64%), while 4,943 people (0.20%) followed other religions.[13]

Language[edit | edit source]

Languages of Jalpaiguri district (2011)[14]

  Bengali (65.56%)
  Sadri (12.94%)
  Nepali (4.90%)
  Hindi (4.69%)
  'Other' Bengali (3.80%)
  Rajbongshi (2.69%)
  Kurukh (1.39%)
  Others (4.03%)

According to the 2011 census, 65.57% of the population spoke Bengali, 12.96% Sadri, 4.90% Nepali, 4.69% Hindi, 2.69% Rajbongshi and 1.39% Kurukh as their first language. Other languages spoken include Santali and Munda.[14] Kurukh and other tribal languages such as Kharia and Mundari were once more widespread among the tea tribes as late as the 1960s, but they have since rapidly shifted to Sadri as their mother tongue.

Ecology[edit | edit source]

It is home to Gorumara National Park, which was established in 1994 and has an area of 79 km2 (30.5 sq mi).[15] Apart from Gorumara National Park, the district contains Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary.

Notable people[edit | edit source]

This is a list of notable people from Jalpaiguri District.

Geographical indication[edit | edit source]

Kalonunia rice was awarded the Geographical Indication (GI) status tag from the Geographical Indications Registry under the Union Government of India on 2 January 2024 (valid until 11 March 2034). It is a common and widely cultivated crop in districts of Cooch Behar, Jalpaiguri and Alipurduar along with some parts of Darjeeling & Kalimpong districts of West Bengal.[17][18][19][20]

State Agricultural Management & Extension Training Institute (SAMETI) from Narendrapur, proposed the GI registration of Kalonunia rice. After filing the application in March 2021, the rice was granted the GI tag in 2024 by the Geographical Indication Registry in Chennai, making the name "Kalonunia rice" exclusive to the rice grown in the region.[21] It thus became the third rice variety from West Bengal after Tulaipanji rice and the 26th type of goods from West Bengal to earn the GI tag.

The GI tag protects the rice from illegal selling and marketing, and gives it legal protection and a unique identity.

Notes[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Fact and Figures". Wb.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
  2. ↑ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 85. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sailen Debnath, The Dooars in Historical Transition, ISBN 9788186860441, N.L. Publishers
  4. ↑ (Das 1998:32)
  5. ↑ "Alipurduar a new district on June 25". The Times of India. 21 June 2014. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
  6. ↑ "Alipurduar district birth on June 25". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 25 June 2014. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
  7. ↑ "Dhupguri Subdivision Now Official". The Times of India. 19 January 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
  8. ↑ "Administrative setup". Official website of the Jalpaiguri district. Archived from the original on 10 April 2009. Retrieved 7 November 2008.
  9. ↑ "Delimitation Commission Order No. 18" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission (India). Retrieved 6 September 2014.
  10. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  11. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "District Census Handbook: Jalpaiguri" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  15. ↑ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Sikkim". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  16. ↑ "Could never afford nutritious food required by athlete, Asian gold-medallist Swapna Barman's father". The Indian Express. 11 July 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  17. ↑ "Bengal's own Gobindabhog and Tulaipanji soon to get a distinct stand on world map". The Indian Express. 2 January 2024. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
  18. ↑ Khush, Gurdev S.; Hettel, Gene; Rola, Tess (1996). Rice Genetics III: Proceedings of the Third International Rice Genetics Symposium, Manila, Philippines, 16-20 October 1995. Int. Rice Res. Inst. ISBN 978-971-22-0087-8. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
  19. ↑ Roychoudhury, Aryadeep (29 July 2020). Rice Research for Quality Improvement: Genomics and Genetic Engineering: Volume 2: Nutrient Biofortification and Herbicide and Biotic Stress Resistance in Rice. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-981-15-5337-0. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
  20. ↑ Sarker, Dilip De; Saha, Manas Ranjan; Saha, Subrata (1 January 2015). Perspective of dietetic and antioxidant medicinal plants. Notion Press. ISBN 978-93-84878-95-5.
  21. ↑ "Kalonunia Rice". Intellectual Property India. Retrieved 23 November 2024.

Further reading[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

Template:Towns and cities of Jalpaiguri district

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