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{{short description|Traditional Bengalese song form}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date= January 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date= January 2021}}
{{use Bangladeshi English|date=January 2021}}
{{Expand Bengali|date=August 2019}}
{{Expand Bengali|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox music genre
{{Infobox music genre
| name              = Gombhira
| name              = Gombhira
| image            = Gambhira.jpg
| image            = Gambhira.jpg
| image  caption    =
| stylistic_origins = [[Chapainawabganj]], [[Maldah District]]   
| color            =
| bgcolor          =
| stylistic_origins = [[Maldah District]]   
| cultural_origins  =  
| cultural_origins  =  
| popularity        =  
| popularity        =  
| derivatives      =  
| derivatives      =  
| subgenrelist      =
| subgenres        =  
| subgenres        =  
| fusiongenres      =  
| fusiongenres      =  
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{{Music of Bengal}}
{{Music of Bengal}}


'''Gombhira''' (or '''gambhira''' or '''gamvira''') is a type of song originating in the [[Bengal region]] in the eastern part of the [[Indian subcontinent]], what is today northeastern  [[West Bengal, India]] and northwestern [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bangladesh. Calaccitra o Prakāśana Bibhāga |title=Bangladesh Quarterly, Volume 8 |date=1988 |publisher=University of California |pages=4–8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=A. F. Salahuddin Ahmed |author-link1=A. F. Salahuddin Ahmed |author2=Bazlul Mobin Chowdhury |title=Bangladesh, national culture, and heritage: an introductory reader |date=2004 |publisher=Independent University, Bangladesh |pages=407–410 |isbn=978-984-8509-00-5}}</ref><ref name="rubin">{{cite book |last1=Don Rubin |last2=Chua Soo Pong |last3=Ravi Chaturvedi |last4=Minoru Tanokura |last5=Ramendu Majundar |title=The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific |date=2001 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=9780415260879 |pages=78–86}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-93439|title=Mango festival and cultural programme in Chapainawabganj|website=The Daily Star|access-date=2016-04-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/rajshahi-university-school-college-wins-divisional-round-36391|title=Rajshahi University School, College wins divisional round|website=The Daily Star|access-date=2016-04-02}}</ref>
'''Gombhira''', '''Gambhira''' or '''Gamvira''' ({{Langx|bn|গম্ভীরা}}) is a type of [[Bengalis|Bengali]] folk song and dance originating in the [[Bengal region]], from what is known today as northwestern [[Bangladesh]] and north eastern [[West Bengal, India|West Bengal]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite book |author1=A. F. Salahuddin Ahmed |author-link1=A. F. Salahuddin Ahmed |author2=Bazlul Mobin Chowdhury |title=Bangladesh, national culture, and heritage: an introductory reader |date=2004 |publisher=Independent University, Bangladesh |pages=407–410 |isbn=978-984-8509-00-5}}</ref><ref name="rubin">{{cite book |last1=Don Rubin |last2=Chua Soo Pong |last3=Ravi Chaturvedi |last4=Minoru Tanokura |last5=Ramendu Majundar |title=The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific |date=2001 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=9780415260879 |pages=78–86}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-93439|title=Mango festival and cultural programme in Chapainawabganj|work=The Daily Star|date=20 June 2009 |access-date=2016-04-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/rajshahi-university-school-college-wins-divisional-round-36391|title=Rajshahi University School, College wins divisional round|work=The Daily Star|date=9 August 2014 |access-date=2016-04-02}}</ref>


In [[West Bengal (India)]], gombhira performances are centred around the [[Malda District]] whereas [[Chapai Nawabganj District]] is the main centre of Gambhira performances in Bangladesh. The tradition is also popular in the nearby districts of [[Rajshahi District|Rajshahi]] and [[Naogaon District|Naogaon]].<ref name="rubin" /> It is performed with a particularly distinctive rhythm and dance with two performers, always personifying a man and his maternal grandfather, discussing a topic to raise social awareness.
In [[West Bengal (India)]], gombhira performances are centred around the [[Malda District]] whereas [[Chapai Nawabganj District]] is the main centre of Gambhira performances in Bangladesh. The tradition is also popular in the nearby districts of [[Rajshahi District|Rajshahi]] and [[Naogaon District|Naogaon]].<ref name="rubin" /> It is performed with a particularly distinctive rhythm and dance with two performers, always personifying a man and his maternal grandfather, discussing a topic to raise social awareness.


== Gambhira mask ==
== Gambhira mask ==
The Gambhira dance is performed all over the [[Malda district]] of North Bengal during the festival of Chaitra Sankranti. The masks are made out of neem and fig trees by the local ''[[Sutradhar]] community''. Sometimes they were also made the mask of clay.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=http://www.biswabangla.in/ldf-blog/2015/9/22/the-mask|title=The Mask|work=Biswa Bangla|access-date=2018-02-13|language=en-US}}</ref> The three-dimensional crowns are the specialty of these masks. First, the facial features are carved out from a piece of wood and then coloured according to the character. This mask dance performed with Gombhira song. The songs of Gambhira originated among the Hindu community of [[Malda district|Maldah]] in [[West Bengal]], completely in its theme formation.<ref><nowiki>http://www.indianetzone.com/18/gambhira_dance_west_bengal.htm</nowiki></ref>
The Gambhira dance is performed all over the [[Malda district]] of North Bengal during the festival of Chaitra Sankranti. The masks for Gambhira dance are made out of neem and fig trees by the local [[Bengalis|Bengali]] ''[[Sutradhar]]'' community. Sometimes they were also made the mask of clay.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=http://www.biswabangla.in/ldf-blog/2015/9/22/the-mask|title=The Mask|work=Biswa Bangla|access-date=2018-02-13|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213140142/http://www.biswabangla.in/ldf-blog/2015/9/22/the-mask|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
==Performance==
Gambhira songs frequently employ biting satire to mock and ridicule people, even those who are powerful and are in attendance.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Khan |first1=Mobarak Hossain |author-link=Mobarak Hossain Khan |title=Music and Its Study |date=1988 |publisher=Sterling Publishers |location=New Delhi |isbn=81-207-0764-8 |page=74}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fakhruddin |first1=A. U. M. |title=Baishakh and Bangla Calendar |journal=Bangladesh Quarterly |volume=8 |issue=2 |date=June 1988 |page=5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hossain |first1=Mahmudul |editor1-last=Selim |editor1-first=Lala Rukh |chapter=Cartoon and Caricature |title=Art and Craft |date=2007 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bangladesh |oclc=299379796 |page=243}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Masks of West Bengal]]
* [[Masks of West Bengal]]
* [[Folk Music Festivals in Bangladesh]]


==References==
==References==
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{{Culture of West Bengal}}{{Dance in India}}
{{Culture of West Bengal}}{{Dance in India}}


{{West Bengal}}
{{West Bengal}}


[[Category:Bangladeshi music]]
[[Category:Music of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Asian dances]]
[[Category:Asian dances]]
[[Category:Song forms]]
[[Category:Song forms]]
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{{India-dance-stub}}
{{India-dance-stub}}
{{Bangladesh-stub}}
{{Bangladesh-stub}}
{{en-Wikipedia}}

Latest revision as of 17:22, 15 April 2026


Template:Expand Bengali

Gombhira
Stylistic originsChapainawabganj, Maldah District

Template:Music of West Bengal

Music of Bangladesh
Baul, the mystic minstrel of Bengal.
Genres
Specific forms
Religious music
Ethnic music
Traditional music
Media and performance
Music awards
Music festivals
Music mediaRadio

Television

Internet

Nationalistic and patriotic songs
National anthemAmar Shonar Bangla
OtherNotuner Gaan (National March)
Ekusher Gaan (Ode to the Language Movement)
Regional music
Related areas
Other regions

Template:Music of Bengal

Gombhira, Gambhira or Gamvira (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) is a type of Bengali folk song and dance originating in the Bengal region, from what is known today as northwestern Bangladesh and north eastern West Bengal, India.[1][2][3][4]

In West Bengal (India), gombhira performances are centred around the Malda District whereas Chapai Nawabganj District is the main centre of Gambhira performances in Bangladesh. The tradition is also popular in the nearby districts of Rajshahi and Naogaon.[2] It is performed with a particularly distinctive rhythm and dance with two performers, always personifying a man and his maternal grandfather, discussing a topic to raise social awareness.

Gambhira mask[edit | edit source]

The Gambhira dance is performed all over the Malda district of North Bengal during the festival of Chaitra Sankranti. The masks for Gambhira dance are made out of neem and fig trees by the local Bengali Sutradhar community. Sometimes they were also made the mask of clay.[5]

Performance[edit | edit source]

Gambhira songs frequently employ biting satire to mock and ridicule people, even those who are powerful and are in attendance.[6][7][8]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ A. F. Salahuddin Ahmed; Bazlul Mobin Chowdhury (2004). Bangladesh, national culture, and heritage: an introductory reader. Independent University, Bangladesh. pp. 407–410. ISBN 978-984-8509-00-5.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Don Rubin; Chua Soo Pong; Ravi Chaturvedi; Minoru Tanokura; Ramendu Majundar (2001). The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific. Taylor & Francis. pp. 78–86. ISBN 9780415260879.
  3. ↑ "Mango festival and cultural programme in Chapainawabganj". The Daily Star. 20 June 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
  4. ↑ "Rajshahi University School, College wins divisional round". The Daily Star. 9 August 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
  5. ↑ "The Mask". Biswa Bangla. Archived from the original on 13 February 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  6. ↑ Khan, Mobarak Hossain (1988). Music and Its Study. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers. p. 74. ISBN 81-207-0764-8.
  7. ↑ Fakhruddin, A. U. M. (June 1988). "Baishakh and Bangla Calendar". Bangladesh Quarterly. 8 (2): 5.
  8. ↑ Hossain, Mahmudul (2007). "Cartoon and Caricature". In Selim, Lala Rukh (ed.). Art and Craft. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. p. 243. OCLC 299379796.

External links[edit | edit source]


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