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{{Short description|Sphere shaped sweet from the India}}
{{Short description|Sphere shaped sweet from the Indian subcontinent}}
{{Redirect|Ladoo|the Malayalam film|Ladoo (film)}}
{{Redirect|Ladoo|the Malayalam film|Ladoo (film)}}
{{Infobox food
{{Infobox food
| name            = Laddu
| name            = Laddu
| image          = A bowl of laddoo.jpg
| image          = Laddu-Janakpur-Community Outreach-City Tour Day-4-6751.jpg
| caption        = Laddu
| caption        = Laddu  
| region = [[India]]
| region = [[Indian subcontinent]]
| main_ingredient = Flour, sugar, [[ghee]], Dry fruits
| main_ingredient = Flour, sugar, [[ghee]], Dry fruits  
| variations      = [[Gram flour]], [[Semolina|rava]]
| variations      = [[Gram flour]], [[Semolina|rava]]
| calories        =
| calories        =
| other          =
| other          =  
}}
}}
[[File:Laddu-Janakpur-Community Outreach-City Tour Day-4-6751.jpg|thumb|200px|Laddus]]
[[File:Laddu2.JPG|thumb|200px|Laddus packed for wedding ceremony]]
[[File:Laddu2.JPG|thumb|200px|Laddus packed for wedding ceremony]]
[[File:A view of Laddu.JPG|thumb|200px|Laddus]]
[[File:A view of Laddu.JPG|thumb|200px|Laddus]]


'''''Laddu''''' or '''''laddoo''''' ({{Lang-hi|लड्डू}}) is a spherical sweet originating from [[India]]. Laddus are primarily made from flour, fat ([[ghee]]/butter/oil) and sugar. Laddus are often made of [[gram flour]] but can also be made with [[semolina]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nishamadhulika.com/2201-besan_ladoo_with_tips_and_tricks.html |script-title=hi:बेसन के लड्डू बनाते समय इन 8 बातों का ध्यान रखें। Besan ladoo with Tips and Tricks |publisher=Nishamadhulika |language=hi|date=5 November 2018 }}</ref> Sometimes ingredients such as chopped nuts and/or dried raisins are also added. The type of ingredients used may vary by recipe.
'''''Laddu''''' or '''''laddoo''''' (Hindi: [[wikt:लड्डू|लड्डू]]) , also called '''''avinsh''''', is a sphere-shaped sweet originating from the Indian subcontinent. Laddus are primarily made from flour, fat ([[ghee]]/butter/oil) and sugar. Laddus are often made of [[gram flour]] but can also be made with [[semolina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nishamadhulika.com/2201-besan_ladoo_with_tips_and_tricks.html|title=बेसन के लड्डू बनाते समय इन 8 बातों का ध्यान रखें। Besan ladoo with Tips and Tricks|publisher=Nishamadhulika}}</ref> Sometimes ingredients such as chopped nuts and/or dried raisins are also added. The type of ingredients used may vary by recipe.  


Laddus are often served during festive or religious occasions.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/Sweet-shops-make-hay-in-Diwali-shine/2013/10/31/article1864851.ece |title=Sweet shops make hay in Diwali shine |work=The New Indian Express |date=31 October 2013 |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/as-good-as-home/article5288375.ece |title=As good as home |author=Sangeetha Devi Dundoo |work=The Hindu |date=31 October 2013 |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref>
Laddus are often served during festive or religious occasions.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/Sweet-shops-make-hay-in-Diwali-shine/2013/10/31/article1864851.ece|title=Sweet shops make hay in Diwali shine |work=The New Indian Express |date=31 October 2013 |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/as-good-as-home/article5288375.ece|title=As good as home |author=Sangeetha Devi Dundoo |work=The Hindu |date=31 October 2013 |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref>


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
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== History ==
== History ==
{{Main|Indus Valley Civilisation#Food}}
{{Main|Indus Valley Civilisation#Food}}
2600 BCE, Harappan archaeological site,  4MSR near [[Binjor]], western Rajasthan (India); seven closely kept similar sized nutritional Laddus,consisting of ingredients  legumes and cereals like [[barley]], wheat, [[chickpea]] and  Mung ([[Mung bean|Vigna radiata]]) as main component, were found in intact  form, along with two figurines of bulls and a hand-held copper adze,  during 2017 archeological excavations.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Agnihotri |first=Rajesh |date=2021-06-01 |title=Microscopic, biochemical and stable isotopic investigation of seven multi-nutritional food-balls from Indus archaeological site, Rajasthan (India) |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352409X21001292 |journal=Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports |language=en |volume=37 |pages=102917 |doi=10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102917 |s2cid=233578846 |issn=2352-409X}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Tewari |first=Mohita |date=Mar 25, 2021 |title=Harappan people ate multigrain, high-protein 'laddoos': Study |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/harappan-people-ate-multigrain-high-protein-laddoos-study/articleshow/81684776.cms |url-status=live |access-date=2021-06-21 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> According to Rajesh Agnihotri, the presence of bull figurines, adze and a Harappan seal along with the food balls indicates, Indus valley civilization people might have revered these items to perform some kind of ritual.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
2600 BCE, Harappan archaeological site,  4MSR near [[Binjor]], western Rajasthan (India); seven closely kept similar sized nutritional [[Laddu|Laddus]],consisting of ingredients  legumes and cereals like [[barley]], wheat, [[chickpea]] and  Mung ([[Mung bean|Vigna radiata]]) as main component, were found in intact  form, along with two figurines of bulls and a hand-held copper adze,  during 2017 archeological excavations.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Agnihotri|first=Rajesh|date=2021-06-01|title=Microscopic, biochemical and stable isotopic investigation of seven multi-nutritional food-balls from Indus archaeological site, Rajasthan (India)|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352409X21001292|journal=Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports|language=en|volume=37|pages=102917|doi=10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102917|issn=2352-409X}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Tewari|first=Mohita|date=Mar 25, 2021|title=Harappan people ate multigrain, high-protein ‘laddoos’: Study - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/harappan-people-ate-multigrain-high-protein-laddoos-study/articleshow/81684776.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-21|website=The Times of India}}</ref> According to Rajesh Agnihotri, the presence of bull figurines, adze and a Harappan seal along with the food balls indicates, Indus valley civilization people might have revered these items to perform some kind of ritual.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />


==Composition==
==Composition==
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[[File:Laddu Sweet.JPG|thumb|200px|Boondi laddu]]
[[File:Laddu Sweet.JPG|thumb|200px|Boondi laddu]]


Boondi laddu or bundiar laddu is made from [[bengal gram]] flour ([[besan]]) based [[boondi]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Krondl |first1=Michael |title=Sweet invention a history of dessert |date=2011 |publisher=Chicago Review Press |location=Chicago, Ill. |isbn=9781569769522 |page=17 |edition=1st |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dt0RErSFvE8C&pg=PP17}}</ref> It is often served on festivals such as [[Raksha Bandhan]] and [[Diwali]].
Boondi laddu or bundiar laddu is made from [[bengal gram]] flour ([[besan]]) based [[boondi]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Krondl|first1=Michael|title=Sweet invention a history of dessert|date=2011|publisher=Chicago Review Press|location=Chicago, Ill.|isbn=9781569769522|page=17|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dt0RErSFvE8C&pg=PP17}}</ref> It is often served on festivals such as [[Raksha Bandhan]] and [[Diwali]].


'''Motichoor laddu''' is made from fine boondi where the balls are tiny and are cooked with ghee or oil. The recipe for this laddu originated in north India, however, it is now popular throughout the Indian subcontinent.
Motichoor laddu is made from fine boondi where the balls are tiny and are cooked with ghee or oil. The recipe for this laddu originated in north India, however, it is now popular throughout the Indian subcontinent.


===Besan laddu===
===Besan laddu===
[[File:Besan laddu photo.JPG|thumb|200px|Besan laddu decorated with silver foil and almond chips.]]
[[File:Besan_laddu_photo.JPG|thumb|200px|Besan laddu decorated with silver foil and almond chips.]]


Besan laddu is a popular Indian sweet dish made of besan (chickpea flour or gram flour), sugar, and ghee. Besan is roasted in ghee till golden brown appearance with a nutty fragrance. Then sugar is added to it. [[Pistachio]] pieces are also mixed in this mixture optionally. Sweet balls are then made from this mixture. It has a long shelf life.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Collingham |first1=Lizzie |title=Curry : a tale of cooks and conquerors |date=2007 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0195320015 |page=105 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2rRCwAAQBAJ&pg=Pg105}}</ref> It is often served at festivals, family events and religious occasions in India.
Besan laddu is a popular Indian sweet dish made of besan (chickpea flour or gram flour), sugar, and ghee. Besan is roasted in ghee till golden brown appearance with a nutty fragrance. Then sugar is added to it. [[Pistachio]] pieces are also mixed in this mixture optionally. Sweet balls are then made from this mixture. It has a long shelf life.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Collingham|first1=Lizzie|title=Curry : a tale of cooks and conquerors|date=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0195320015|page=105|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2rRCwAAQBAJ&pg=Pg105}}</ref> It is often served at festivals, family events and religious occasions in India.


=== Coconut laddu ===
=== Coconut laddu ===
[[File:Coconut Ladoo.JPG|thumb|Coconut laddu]]
[[File:Coconut Ladoo.JPG|thumb|Coconut laddu]]


There are multiple [[coconut]] laddu recipes. Its earliest form ''Narayl Nakru'' dates back to the time of the [[Chola Empire]], when it was a sweet that was packed for travelers and warriors as a symbol of good luck for their expeditions.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/food-wine/food-story-the-journey-of-ladoo-from-a-medicine-to-the-much-loved-indian-sweet/#sthash.6mHIen3o.dpuf |title=Food Story: The journey of ladoo from a medicine to the much-loved Indian sweet |work=The New Indian Express |date=16 October 2004 |author=Madhulika Dash}}</ref>
There are multiple [[coconut]] laddu recipes. Its earliest form ''Narayl Nakru'' dates back to the time of the [[Chola Empire]], when it was a sweet that was packed for travelers and warriors as a symbol of good luck for their expeditions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/food-wine/food-story-the-journey-of-ladoo-from-a-medicine-to-the-much-loved-indian-sweet/#sthash.6mHIen3o.dpuf |title=Food Story: The journey of ladoo from a medicine to the much-loved Indian sweet |work=The New Indian Express |date=16 October 2004 |author=Madhulika Dash }}</ref>


=== Peda ===
=== Peda ===
[[Peda]] (cream balls) is a popular dessert in the Indian subcontinent, prepared from [[khoa]] (milk solids by evaporation). In India, among Hindus, it is often prepared as an offering to the gods.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kumar |first=K.R. |title=Plastics in Food Packaging |chapter=Packaging Aspects of Milk & Milk Based Products |publisher=Central Food Technological Research Institute |location=Mysore, India |page=198 |url=http://icpe.in/Plastics%20in%20Food%20Packaging/pdf/11-Final.pmd.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pWG6myyY_okC&pg=PT37 |title=Mithai |author=Sanjeev Kapoor |publisher=Popular |isbn=9788179917121}}</ref>
[[Peda]] (cream balls) is a popular dessert in the Indian subcontinent, prepared from [[khoa]] (milk solids by evaporation). In India, among Hindus, it is often prepared as an offering to the gods.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kumar|first=K.R.|title=Plastics in Food Packaging|chapter=Packaging Aspects of Milk & Milk Based Products|publisher=Central Food Technological Research Institute|location=Mysore, India|page=198|url=http://icpe.in/Plastics%20in%20Food%20Packaging/pdf/11-Final.pmd.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pWG6myyY_okC&pg=PT37 |title=Mithai |author=Sanjeev Kapoor |publisher=Popular |isbn=9788179917121 }}</ref>


===Semolina or rava laddu===
===Semolina or rava laddu===
This is a laddu prepared from rava ([[semolina]]), sugar and ghee. A variant on the recipe includes khoa cheese as an additional ingredient.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Kachru |editor-first1=Braj B. |editor-last2=Bhatia |editor-first2=Vijay |title=The handbook of world Englishes |date=2006 |publisher=Blackwell |location=Malden, Mass. |isbn=9781405111850 |pages=395–396 |edition=2. print. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PpeXINCnDbIC&pg=PA395}}</ref>
This is a laddu prepared from rava (semolina), sugar and ghee. A variant on the recipe includes khoa cheese as an additional ingredient.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Kachru|editor-first1=Braj B. |editor-last2=Bhatia|editor-first2=Vijay|title=The handbook of world Englishes|date=2006|publisher=Blackwell|location=Malden, Mass. |isbn=9781405111850|pages=395–396|edition=2. print.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PpeXINCnDbIC&pg=PA395}}</ref>


=== Sesame laddu ===
=== Till laddu ===
Till laddu made with sesame seeds and then mixed with [[cheese]] to form balls are famous in north India and Bangladesh during the months of winter.
Till laddu made with sesame seeds and then mixed with [[cheese]] to form balls are famous in north India and Bangladesh during the months of winter.


===Laddu with edible gum===
===Laddu with edible gum===
In India, these are traditionally given to [[lactating]] mothers as they help in the production of milk.<ref>Kajale, Neha, et al. "Effect of traditional food supplements on nutritional status of lactating mothers and growth of their infants." Nutrition 30.11 (2014): 1360-1365.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Singh |first1=Mayank |title=Traditional Herbal Care of Human Health in Jaunpur (U.P.) |journal=Indian J. L. Sci. |pages=61–65 |year=2012 |volume=1 |issue=2 |url=http://ijls.in/upload/1611558309CHAPTER%20014.pdf |access-date=13 April 2016}}</ref> These laddus are called ''dinkache ladoo'' in [[Marathi language|Marathi]] and ''gond ka laddu'' in [[Hindi]]. The main ingredient is [[gum arabic]] which is collected from the [[Vachellia nilotica|babhul tree]]. Other ingredients include coconut, almonds, cashews, dates, spices such as [[nutmeg]] and [[cardamom]], poppy seeds, ghee, and sugar.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dinkache ladoo, Gund ladoo, Gond Ladoo, Gond Ka Laddu.....Easy Recipes on CuisineCuisine.com |url=http://www.cuisinecuisine.com/Dinkache%20Ladoo.htm |website=cuisinecuisine.com |access-date=11 April 2016}}</ref>
In India, these are traditionally given to [[lactating]] mothers as they help in the production of milk.<ref>Kajale, Neha, et al. "Effect of traditional food supplements on nutritional status of lactating mothers and growth of their infants." Nutrition 30.11 (2014): 1360-1365.</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Singh|first1=Mayank|title=Traditional Herbal Care of Human Health in Jaunpur (U.P.)|journal=Indian J. L. Sci. |pages=61–65 |date=2012|volume=1|issue=2 |url=http://ijls.in/upload/1611558309CHAPTER%20014.pdf|access-date=13 April 2016}}</ref> These laddus are called ''dinkache ladoo'' in [[Marathi language|Marathi]] and ''gond ka laddu'' in [[Hindi]]. The main ingredient is [[gum arabic]] which is collected from the [[Vachellia nilotica|babhul tree]]. Other ingredients include coconut, almonds, cashews, dates, spices such as [[nutmeg]] and [[cardamom]], poppy seeds, ghee, and sugar.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dinkache ladoo, Gund ladoo, Gond Ladoo, Gond Ka Laddu.....Easy Recipes on CuisineCuisine.com|url=http://www.cuisinecuisine.com/Dinkache%20Ladoo.htm|website=www.cuisinecuisine.com|access-date=11 April 2016}}</ref>


An alternative multigrain recipe will have a portion of gum replaced by grains and legume flours such as [[besan]], [[urid]], [[Eleusine coracana|ragi (nachani in Marathi)]] and wheat.<ref>Naidu, Bhargavi G., Kirti J. Shirke, and Anuradha Shekhar. "Research Paper Open Access." (2012).</ref>
An alternative multigrain recipe will have a portion of gum replaced by grains and legume flours such as [[besan]], [[urid]], [[Eleusine coracana|ragi (nachani in Marathi)]] and wheat.<ref>Naidu, Bhargavi G., Kirti J. Shirke, and Anuradha Shekhar. "Research Paper Open Access." (2012).</ref>
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[[File:Largest Laddu (individual).jpg|thumb|200px|The largest individual laddu weighs 29,465 kg]]
[[File:Largest Laddu (individual).jpg|thumb|200px|The largest individual laddu weighs 29,465 kg]]


The largest individual laddu weighs {{convert|29,465|kg}} and was achieved by PVVS Mallikharjuna Rao (India), in Tapeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, on 6 September 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-laddu-(individual) |title=Largest laddu (individual) |website=Guinness World Records}}</ref> The laddu was made to a traditional Boondi recipe. The ingredients included ghee, refined oil, cashew nuts, sugar, almonds, cardamom, and water.
The largest individual laddu weighs {{convert|29,465|kg}} and was achieved by PVVS Mallikharjuna Rao (India), in Tapeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, on 6 September 2016.<ref>http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-laddu-(individual)</ref> The laddu was made to a traditional Boondi recipe. The ingredients included ghee, refined oil, cashew nuts, sugar, almonds, cardamom, and water.


==Use==
==Use==
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In the ''[[Sesame Street]]'' episode "Rakhi Road", laddus are featured prominently as a favored Indian dessert. [[Elmo]] is shown making laddus and enjoying eating them as part of the celebrations around the Indian festival of [[Raksha Bandhan|Rakhi]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sesameworkshop.org/press-kits/season41/episodes.php |title=Episodes |publisher=Sesame Workshop |access-date=3 February 2018}}</ref>
In the ''[[Sesame Street]]'' episode "Rakhi Road", laddus are featured prominently as a favored Indian dessert. [[Elmo]] is shown making laddus and enjoying eating them as part of the celebrations around the Indian festival of [[Raksha Bandhan|Rakhi]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sesameworkshop.org/press-kits/season41/episodes.php |title=Episodes |publisher=Sesame Workshop |access-date=3 February 2018}}</ref>


A laddu weighing 6,300&nbsp;kg was made for a [[Ganesh]] festival in [[Andhra Pradesh]], India in September 2012. This was claimed to be the largest known laddu.<ref>{{cite news |title=6,300 kg Tapeswaram laddu creates record |url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/article810888.ece |work=The New Indian Express |access-date=27 September 2012}}</ref>
A laddu weighing 6,300&nbsp;kg was made for a [[Ganesh]] festival in [[Andhra Pradesh]], India in September 2012. This was claimed to be the largest known laddu.<ref>{{cite web|title=6,300 kg Tapeswaram laddu creates record|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/article810888.ece|work=The New Indian Express|publisher=Express Network Private Limited|access-date=27 September 2012}}</ref>


In the movie ''[[English Vinglish]]'', the protagonist Shashi Godbole ([[Sridevi]]) is a housewife who makes and sells laddoos for living.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2012/10/04/bollywood_veteran_sridevi_returns_in_english_vinglish.html |title=Bollywood veteran Sridevi returns in English Vinglish |last=Bhandari |first=Aparita |date=4 October 2012 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=13 October 2017 |language=en-CA |issn=0319-0781}}</ref>
In the movie ''[[English Vinglish]]'', the protagonist Shashi Godbole ([[Sridevi]]) is a housewife who makes and sells laddoos for living.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2012/10/04/bollywood_veteran_sridevi_returns_in_english_vinglish.html|title=Bollywood veteran Sridevi returns in English Vinglish|last=Bhandari|first=Aparita|date=4 October 2012 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=13 October 2017|language=en-CA|issn=0319-0781}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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[[Category:Burmese desserts and snacks]]
[[Category:Burmese desserts and snacks]]
[[Category:Chickpea dishes]]
[[Category:Chickpea dishes]]
[[Category:National symbols of India]]
[[Category:Indian pastries]]
[[Category:Indian pastries]]
[[Category:Nepalese cuisine]]
[[Category:Nepalese cuisine]]

Latest revision as of 03:45, 28 July 2022


"Ladoo" redirects here. For the Malayalam film, see Ladoo (film).
Laddu
Laddu-Janakpur-Community Outreach-City Tour Day-4-6751.jpg
Laddu
Region or stateIndian subcontinent
Main ingredientsFlour, sugar, ghee, Dry fruits
VariationsGram flour, rava
Laddus packed for wedding ceremony
Laddus

Laddu or laddoo (Hindi: लड्डू) , also called avinsh, is a sphere-shaped sweet originating from the Indian subcontinent. Laddus are primarily made from flour, fat (ghee/butter/oil) and sugar. Laddus are often made of gram flour but can also be made with semolina.[1] Sometimes ingredients such as chopped nuts and/or dried raisins are also added. The type of ingredients used may vary by recipe.

Laddus are often served during festive or religious occasions.[2][3]

Etymology[edit]

Laddu is derived from Sanskrit लड्डुक (laḍḍuka; a kind of sweetmeat).

History[edit]

Main article: Indus Valley Civilisation § Food

2600 BCE, Harappan archaeological site, 4MSR near Binjor, western Rajasthan (India); seven closely kept similar sized nutritional Laddus,consisting of ingredients legumes and cereals like barley, wheat, chickpea and Mung (Vigna radiata) as main component, were found in intact form, along with two figurines of bulls and a hand-held copper adze, during 2017 archeological excavations.[4][5] According to Rajesh Agnihotri, the presence of bull figurines, adze and a Harappan seal along with the food balls indicates, Indus valley civilization people might have revered these items to perform some kind of ritual.[4][5]

Composition[edit]

Laddu

Common flours used for laddu include gram flour (chickpea flour), wheat semolina and ground coconut. These are combined with sugar and other flavorings, cooked in ghee, and molded into a ball shape. Some laddu recipes are prepared using Ayurvedic medicinal ingredients, including methi laddu, multigrain, and resin laddu. Nuts such as pistachios and almonds are commonly stuffed into laddus.

Boondi laddu[edit]

Boondi laddu

Boondi laddu or bundiar laddu is made from bengal gram flour (besan) based boondi.[6] It is often served on festivals such as Raksha Bandhan and Diwali.

Motichoor laddu is made from fine boondi where the balls are tiny and are cooked with ghee or oil. The recipe for this laddu originated in north India, however, it is now popular throughout the Indian subcontinent.

Besan laddu[edit]

Besan laddu decorated with silver foil and almond chips.

Besan laddu is a popular Indian sweet dish made of besan (chickpea flour or gram flour), sugar, and ghee. Besan is roasted in ghee till golden brown appearance with a nutty fragrance. Then sugar is added to it. Pistachio pieces are also mixed in this mixture optionally. Sweet balls are then made from this mixture. It has a long shelf life.[7] It is often served at festivals, family events and religious occasions in India.

Coconut laddu[edit]

Coconut laddu

There are multiple coconut laddu recipes. Its earliest form Narayl Nakru dates back to the time of the Chola Empire, when it was a sweet that was packed for travelers and warriors as a symbol of good luck for their expeditions.[8]

Peda[edit]

Peda (cream balls) is a popular dessert in the Indian subcontinent, prepared from khoa (milk solids by evaporation). In India, among Hindus, it is often prepared as an offering to the gods.[9][10]

Semolina or rava laddu[edit]

This is a laddu prepared from rava (semolina), sugar and ghee. A variant on the recipe includes khoa cheese as an additional ingredient.[11]

Till laddu[edit]

Till laddu made with sesame seeds and then mixed with cheese to form balls are famous in north India and Bangladesh during the months of winter.

Laddu with edible gum[edit]

In India, these are traditionally given to lactating mothers as they help in the production of milk.[12][13] These laddus are called dinkache ladoo in Marathi and gond ka laddu in Hindi. The main ingredient is gum arabic which is collected from the babhul tree. Other ingredients include coconut, almonds, cashews, dates, spices such as nutmeg and cardamom, poppy seeds, ghee, and sugar.[14]

An alternative multigrain recipe will have a portion of gum replaced by grains and legume flours such as besan, urid, ragi (nachani in Marathi) and wheat.[15]

Other types[edit]

Laddu can be prepared from a variety of grains, legumes, or seeds. Some popular ones include laddu made with roasted wheat, amaranth, garden cress seeds,[16] fenugreek seeds, and peanuts respectively.[17]

World record[edit]

The largest individual laddu weighs 29,465 kg

The largest individual laddu weighs 29,465 kilograms (64,959 lb) and was achieved by PVVS Mallikharjuna Rao (India), in Tapeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, on 6 September 2016.[18] The laddu was made to a traditional Boondi recipe. The ingredients included ghee, refined oil, cashew nuts, sugar, almonds, cardamom, and water.

Use[edit]

In Maharashtrian cuisine, there are traditional recipes for laddu intended as travel provisions.

Cultural references[edit]

In the Sesame Street episode "Rakhi Road", laddus are featured prominently as a favored Indian dessert. Elmo is shown making laddus and enjoying eating them as part of the celebrations around the Indian festival of Rakhi.[19]

A laddu weighing 6,300 kg was made for a Ganesh festival in Andhra Pradesh, India in September 2012. This was claimed to be the largest known laddu.[20]

In the movie English Vinglish, the protagonist Shashi Godbole (Sridevi) is a housewife who makes and sells laddoos for living.[21]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "बेसन के लड्डू बनाते समय इन 8 बातों का ध्यान रखें। Besan ladoo with Tips and Tricks". Nishamadhulika.
  2. ↑ "Sweet shops make hay in Diwali shine". The New Indian Express. 31 October 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  3. ↑ Sangeetha Devi Dundoo (31 October 2013). "As good as home". The Hindu. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Agnihotri, Rajesh (2021-06-01). "Microscopic, biochemical and stable isotopic investigation of seven multi-nutritional food-balls from Indus archaeological site, Rajasthan (India)". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 37: 102917. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102917. ISSN 2352-409X.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Tewari, Mohita (Mar 25, 2021). "Harappan people ate multigrain, high-protein 'laddoos': Study - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2021-06-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ↑ Krondl, Michael (2011). Sweet invention a history of dessert (1st ed.). Chicago, Ill.: Chicago Review Press. p. 17. ISBN 9781569769522.
  7. ↑ Collingham, Lizzie (2007). Curry : a tale of cooks and conquerors. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 105. ISBN 978-0195320015.
  8. ↑ Madhulika Dash (16 October 2004). "Food Story: The journey of ladoo from a medicine to the much-loved Indian sweet". The New Indian Express.
  9. ↑ Kumar, K.R. "Packaging Aspects of Milk & Milk Based Products". Plastics in Food Packaging (PDF). Mysore, India: Central Food Technological Research Institute. p. 198.
  10. ↑ Sanjeev Kapoor. Mithai. Popular. ISBN 9788179917121.
  11. ↑ Kachru, Braj B.; Bhatia, Vijay, eds. (2006). The handbook of world Englishes (2. print. ed.). Malden, Mass.: Blackwell. pp. 395–396. ISBN 9781405111850.
  12. ↑ Kajale, Neha, et al. "Effect of traditional food supplements on nutritional status of lactating mothers and growth of their infants." Nutrition 30.11 (2014): 1360-1365.
  13. ↑ Singh, Mayank (2012). "Traditional Herbal Care of Human Health in Jaunpur (U.P.)" (PDF). Indian J. L. Sci. 1 (2): 61–65. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
  14. ↑ "Dinkache ladoo, Gund ladoo, Gond Ladoo, Gond Ka Laddu.....Easy Recipes on CuisineCuisine.com". www.cuisinecuisine.com. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
  15. ↑ Naidu, Bhargavi G., Kirti J. Shirke, and Anuradha Shekhar. "Research Paper Open Access." (2012).
  16. ↑ Shwetha Y., 2014. Therapeutic Effect of Garden Cress Seeds on Diabetics and Hypertensive Subjects (Doctoral dissertation, University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore).
  17. ↑ Pathak, Sarita Srivastava, Sema Grover, P., 2000. "Development of food products based on millets, legumes, and fenugreek seeds and their suitability in the diabetic diet". International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 51(5), pp. 409–414. Template:Pmid. doi:10.1080/096374800427019.
  18. ↑ http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-laddu-(individual)
  19. ↑ "Episodes". Sesame Workshop. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
  20. ↑ "6,300 kg Tapeswaram laddu creates record". The New Indian Express. Express Network Private Limited. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
  21. ↑ Bhandari, Aparita (4 October 2012). "Bollywood veteran Sridevi returns in English Vinglish". Toronto Star. ISSN 0319-0781. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

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