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{{Short description|2024 national elections of India}}
{{Short description|Future election for 19th Lok Sabha}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox legislative election
{{Infobox election
| country = India
| election_name = Next Indian General Election
| previous_election = [[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
| country = India
| election_date = April – May 2024
| type = parliamentary
| seats_for_election = All 543 seats in the [[Lok Sabha]]
| majority_seats = 272
| ongoing = yes
| ongoing = yes
 
| previous_election = 2024 Indian general election
|party1 = Bharatiya Janata Party |leader1 = [[Narendra Modi]] |last_election1 = 303 |current_seats1 = 302
| previous_year = 2024
|party2 = Indian National Congress |leader2 = [[Mallikarjun Kharge]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/mallikarjun-kharge-wins-congress-presidential-elections-set-to-become-first-non-gandhi-head-of-party-in-24-years/articleshow/94961760.cms|title=Mallikarjun Kharge wins Congress Presidential elections, set to become first non-Gandhi head of party in 24 years}}</ref> |last_election2 = 52 |current_seats2 = 51
| election_date = By April 2029
|party3 = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |leader3 = [[M. K. Stalin]] |last_election3 = 24 |current_seats3 = 24
| outgoing_members = List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha
|party4 = Trinamool Congress |leader4 = [[Mamata Banerjee]] |last_election4 = 22 |current_seats4 = 23
| elected_members =  
|party5 = YSR Congress Party |leader5 = [[Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy]] |last_election5 = 22 |current_seats5 = 22
| next_election =  
|party6 = Janata Dal (United) |leader6 = [[Nitish Kumar]] |last_election6 = 16 |current_seats6 = 16
| next_year =  
|party7 = Shiv Sena |leader7 = [[Eknath Shinde]] |last_election7 = - |current_seats7 = 13
| seats_for_election = All [[#Delimitation|TBD]] seats in the [[Lok Sabha]]
|party8 = Biju Janata Dal |leader8 = [[Naveen Patnaik]] |last_election8 = 12 |current_seats8 = 12
| majority_seats = [[#Delimitation|TBD]]
|party9 = Bahujan Samaj Party |leader9 = [[Mayawati]] |last_election9 = 10 |current_seats9 = 10
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=The official portrait of Shri Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of the Republic of India.jpg|bSize=145|cWidth=115|cHeight=120|oLeft=17.5|oTop=0}}
|party10 = Bharat Rashtra Samithi |leader10 = [[K. Chandrashekar Rao]] |last_election10 = 9 |current_seats10 = 9
| leader1 = [[Narendra Modi]]
|party11 = Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)  |leader11 = [[Uddhav Thackeray]] |last_election11 = - |current_seats11 = 6
| party1 = Bharatiya Janata Party
|party12 = Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party |leader12 = [[Pashupati Kumar Paras]] |last_election12 = 5 |current_seats12 = 5
| last_election1 = 36.56%, 240 seats
|party13 = Nationalist Congress Party |leader13 = [[Sharad Pawar]] |last_election13 = 5 |current_seats13 = 4
| seats_before1 = 240
|party14 = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |leader14 = [[Sitaram Yechury]] |last_election14 = 3 |current_seats14 = 3
| seats_needed1 = [[#Delimitation|TBD]]
|party15 = Indian Union Muslim League |leader15 = [[K. M. Kader Mohideen]] |last_election15 = 3 |current_seats15 = 3
| seats1 =  
|party16 = Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |leader16 = [[Farooq Abdullah]] |last_election16 = 3 |current_seats16 = 3
| seat_change1 =  
|party17 = Samajwadi Party |leader17 = [[Akhilesh Yadav]] |last_election17 = 5 |current_seats17 = 3
| popular_vote1 =  
|party18 = Telugu Desam Party |leader18 = [[N. Chandrababu Naidu]] |last_election18 = 3 |current_seats18 = 3
| percentage1 =  
|party19 = All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen |leader19 = [[Asaduddin Owaisi]] |last_election19 = 2 |current_seats19 = 2
| swing1 =  
|party20 = Apna Dal (Sonelal) |leader20 = [[Anupriya Patel]] |last_election20 = 2 |current_seats20 = 2
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Rahul Gandhi.png|bSize=145|cWidth=108|cHeight=120|oLeft=20|oTop=0}}
|party21 = Communist Party of India |leader21 = [[D. Raja]] |last_election21 = 2 |current_seats21 = 2
| leader2 = [[Rahul Gandhi]]
|party22 = Shiromani Akali Dal |leader22 = [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]] |last_election22 = 2 |current_seats22 = 2
| party2 = Indian National Congress
|party23 = All India United Democratic Front |leader23 = [[Badruddin Ajmal]] |last_election23 = 1 |current_seats23 = 1
| last_election2 = 21.19%, 99 seats
|party24 = All Jharkhand Students Union |leader24 = [[Sudesh Mahto]] |last_election24 = 1 |current_seats24 = 1
| seats_before2 = 100
|party25 = Janata Dal (Secular) |leader25 = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] |last_election25 = 1 |current_seats25 = 1
| seats_needed2 = [[#Delimitation|TBD]]
|party26 = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |leader26 = [[Hemant Soren]] |last_election26 = 1 |current_seats26 = 1
| seats2 =  
|party27 = Kerala Congress (M) |leader27 = [[Jose K. Mani]] |last_election27 = 1 |current_seats27 = 1
| seat_change2 =  
|party28 = Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) |leader28 = [[Chirag Paswan]] |last_election28 = 0 |current_seats28 = 1
| popular_vote2 =  
|party29 = Mizo National Front |leader29 = [[Zoramthanga]] |last_election29 = 1 |current_seats29 = 1
| percentage2 =  
|party30 = Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party |leader30 = [[Chingwang Konyak]] |last_election30 = 1 |current_seats30 = 1
| swing2 =  
|party31 = Naga People's Front |leader31 = [[Kuzholuzo Nienu]] |last_election31 = 1 |current_seats31 = 1
|party32 = National People's Party (India) |leader32 = [[Conrad Sangma]] |last_election32 = 1 |current_seats32 = 1
|party33 = Rashtriya Loktantrik Party |leader33 = [[Hanuman Beniwal]] |last_election33 = 1 |current_seats33 = 1
|party34 = Revolutionary Socialist Party (India) |leader34 = Manoj Bhattacharya |last_election34 = 1 |current_seats34 = 1
|party35 = Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) |leader35 = [[Simranjit Singh Mann]] |last_election35 = 0 |current_seats35 = 1
|party36 = Sikkim Krantikari Morcha |leader36 = [[Prem Singh Tamang]] |last_election36 = 1 |current_seats36 = 1
|party37 = Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi |leader37 = [[Thol. Thirumavalavan]] |last_election37 = 1 |current_seats37 = 1
|party38 = Independents |leader38 = – |last_election38 = 3 |current_seats38 = 6
|party39 = Vacant |leader39 = – |last_election39 = |current_seats39 = 2
| map = Wahlkreise in Indien.svg
| map_caption = Seats by constituency. As this is a [[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]] election, seat totals are not determined proportional to each party's total vote share, but instead by the plurality in each constituency.
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[Narendra Modi]]
| before_election = [[Narendra Modi]]
| before_party = Bharatiya Janata Party
| before_party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the next Indian general election
| after_election =  
| leader_since1 = 2013
| after_party =  
| leaders_seat1 = [[Varanasi Lok Sabha constituency|Varanasi]]
| leader_since2 = 2024
| leaders_seat2 = [[Rae Bareli Lok Sabha constituency|Rae Bareli]]
| alliance1 = National Democratic Alliance
| alliance2 = Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
}}
}}


'''General elections''' are expected to be held in [[India]] by May 2024 to elect the members of the 18th [[Lok Sabha]].
General elections are expected to be held in [[Elections in India|India]] by [[2029 elections in India|April 2029]] to elect [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha|543 members]] of the [[Lok Sabha]], the lower house of [[Parliament of India|Parliament]].


==Background==
== Background ==
The tenure of [[Lok Sabha]] is scheduled to end on 16 June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Terms of the Houses|url=https://eci.gov.in/elections/term-of-houses/|url-status=live|access-date=7 March 2022|website=Election Commission of India|language=en-IN}}</ref> The [[2019 Indian general election|previous general elections]] were held in April–May 2019. After the election, [[National Democratic Alliance]], led by [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], formed the [[Government of India|union government]], with [[Narendra Modi]] continuing as [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Narendra Modi sworn in as Prime Minister for second time |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/narendra-modi-sworn-in-as-prime-minister-for-second-time-780564 |access-date=2022-03-07 |website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en|date=May 30, 2019}}</ref>
The tenure of the [[18th Lok Sabha]] is scheduled to end in June 2029.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Terms of the Houses |url=https://eci.gov.in/elections/term-of-houses/ |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=Election Commission of India |language=en-IN}}</ref> In the [[2024 Indian general election]], incumbent prime minister Narendra Modi ran for a third consecutive term. His [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) had enjoyed an [[absolute majority]]—a minimum of 272 seats—in the [[2014 Indian general election|2014]] and [[2019 Indian general election|2019 elections]]. The primary opposition was the [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]] (INDIA), a coalition formed in 2023 by the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) and many regional parties. The BJP won 240 seats, with the NDA securing 293 of the house's 543 seats.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sinha |first=Shishir |date=5 June 2024 |title=NDA elects Modi as leader, President dissolves Lok Sabha |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/elections/nda-elects-modi-as-leader-president-dissolves-lok-sabha/article68255830.ece |access-date=5 June 2024 |website=BusinessLine |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605153429/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/elections/nda-elects-modi-as-leader-president-dissolves-lok-sabha/article68255830.ece |url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|INDIA coalition]] secured 234 seats, 99 of which were won by the Congress, garnering the party the official opposition status for the first time in 10 years.<ref>{{cite news |last=Aggarwal |first=Raghav |date=4 June 2024 |title=INDIA bloc's combined strength plays spoilsport for BJP in 2 biggest states |url=https://www.business-standard.com/elections/lok-sabha-election/india-bloc-s-combined-strength-plays-spoilsport-for-bjp-in-2-biggest-states-124060401570_1.html |access-date=5 June 2024 |work=Business Standard |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604151957/https://www.business-standard.com/elections/lok-sabha-election/india-bloc-s-combined-strength-plays-spoilsport-for-bjp-in-2-biggest-states-124060401570_1.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/india-election-results-narendra-modi-rcna154839 |title=India hands PM Modi a surprise setback, with his majority in doubt in the world's largest election|first1=Mithil |last1=Aggarwai |first2=Janis Mackey |last2=Frayer |publisher=NBC News |date=4 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |archive-date=4 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604151033/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/india-election-results-narendra-modi-rcna154839|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/india/india-election-2024-nanendra-modi-6179abad |title=India's Narendra Modi Struggles to Hold On to Majority, Early Election Results Show |first1=Krishna |last1=Poharel |first2=Tripti |last2=Lahiri |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=3 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604115138/https://www.wsj.com/world/india/india-election-2024-nanendra-modi-6179abad |url-status=live}}</ref> Seven independents and ten candidates from non-aligned parties also won seats in the Lok Sabha.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/7-independents-and-10-from-non-aligned-parties-book-ls-seats/articleshow/110748555.cms|title=7 Independents and 10 from non-aligned parties book LS seats|newspaper=The Times of India |access-date=8 June 2024|archive-date=6 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606160440/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/7-independents-and-10-from-non-aligned-parties-book-ls-seats/articleshow/110748555.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/lok-sabha-elections-meet-seven-candidates-who-won-as-independents-101717642425035.html|title=Lok Sabha elections: Meet seven candidates who won as independents|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608035949/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/lok-sabha-elections-meet-seven-candidates-who-won-as-independents-101717642425035.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-politics/who-are-the-7-independents-elected-to-the-lok-sabha-9378312/|title=Who are the 7 independents elected to the Lok Sabha?|date=7 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024|archive-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608054640/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-politics/who-are-the-7-independents-elected-to-the-lok-sabha-9378312/|url-status=live}}</ref>


==Electoral system==
=== Current composition of the Lok Sabha ===
All 543 elected [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MPs]] are elected from single-member constituencies using [[first-past-the-post voting]].<ref>[http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2145_B.htm Electoral system] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506102836/http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2145_B.htm |date=6 May 2017}} IPU</ref> The [[One Hundred and Fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India|104th amendment]] to the [[Constitution of India|constitution]] effectively abolished the [[Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Lok Sabha|two seats that were reserved]] for the [[Anglo-Indian]] community.<ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=2020-01-10|title=House ratifies quota for SC/STs in Assembly, Lok Sabha|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/house-ratifies-quota-for-scsts-in-assembly-lok-sabha/article30529538.ece|access-date=2021-01-19|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
This table relates to the composition of the Lok Sabha after the [[2024 Indian general election]] and summarises the changes in party affiliation that took place during the 2024–present Lok Sabha.


Eligible voters must be Indian citizens, 18 years or older, an ordinary resident of the polling area of the constituency and registered to vote (name included in the electoral rolls), possess a valid [[Voter ID (India)|voter identification card]] issued by the [[Election Commission of India]] or equivalent.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/lok-sabha-elections-2019/news/lok-sabha-election-2019-phase-3-voting-how-to-vote-without-voter-id-card/story/339375.html|title=Lok Sabha Election 2019 Phase 3 voting: How to vote without voter ID card|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524095933/https://www.businesstoday.in/lok-sabha-elections-2019/news/lok-sabha-election-2019-phase-3-voting-how-to-vote-without-voter-id-card/story/339375.html |archive-date=24 May 2019|work=Business Today|date=23 April 2019}}</ref> Some people convicted of electoral or other offences are barred from voting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ecisveep.nic.in/voters/general-voters/|title=General Voters|website=Systematic Voters' Education and Electoral Participation|language=en-IN|access-date=4 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104180432/http://ecisveep.nic.in/voters/general-voters/|archive-date=4 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{transcluded section|source=List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha}}
{{#Section-h:List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha|Membership by party}}


Article 83 of the Constitution of India requires elections to the Lok Sabha be held once every five years.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Constitution of India Update|url=https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf|access-date=2021-02-04|publisher=Government of India}}</ref>
=== Delimitation ===
The next [[Lok Sabha]] [[Electoral boundary delimitation|delimitation]] in India is due after the first census following the year 2026. According to the 84th Amendment to the Constitution of India, the current freeze on the delimitation of constituencies is set to continue until the results of the first census taken after the year 2026 are published.<ref>{{Cite news |last=R |first=Rangarajan |date=2024-02-06 |title=Understanding the delimitation exercise {{!}} Explained |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/understanding-the-delimitation-exercise-explained/article67819203.ece |access-date=2024-06-08 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> A Special Session of Parliament will be convened from the 16th of April to 18th of April 2026, to debate on this matter. The 131st Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2026 was brought by the Government to increase the Total seats of the Lok Sabha to an upper limit of 850 seats and to make changes in the Article 334A relating to Women's Reservation, for implementation in 2029. The Delimitation bill  was withdrawn by the Government in the Lok Sabha, after the 131st Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2026 failed in the Lok Sabha on 17th April 2026, with 298 votes in favour and 230 votes against it <ref name=":0">https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/womens-reservation-bill-falls-short-in-lok-sabha-what-happened-14001707.html/amp</ref>


==Parties and alliances==
=== Women's reservation ===
<!-- Don't add any party or alliance without sources to confirm it. Add them like other general elections in India. -->
The introduction of women's reservation in the [[Lok Sabha]] is set to occur after the delimitation exercise based on the census following the year 2026. According to the [[One Hundred and Sixth Amendment of the Constitution of India|106th Amendment Act]], 33% of the total seats will be directly allocated to women in the Lok Sabha and [[State legislative assemblies of India|state legislative assemblies]].<ref>{{cite news |date=19 September 2023 |title='God has given me the opportunity', says PM Modi as women quota bill tabled in LS |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/womens-reservation-bill-to-be-tabled-in-lok-sabha-at-3-pm-today-101695109480855.html |work=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>. An Amendment to the Act was brought to the Parliament in the Special Session from 16-18th April, 2026, which had the Women's Reservation delinked from the [[#Delimitation|Delimitation exercise]] after a census following the lapse of the freeze on allocation of seats in 2026, in order for it to be implemented in 2029 Elections. Being a Constitutional Amendment, the Bill needed Two-thirds majority in both houses, and on 17th April 2026, it failed to pass the Lok Sabha, with 298 votes in favour and 230 votes against the Amendment Bill.<ref name=":0" />
Most of the contesting parties are small with regional appeal. The main parties are the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and the [[Indian National Congress]].
===National Democratic Alliance===
{{Main article|National Democratic Alliance}}
The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] political alliance led by the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP).


===United Progressive Alliance===
===Schedule===
{{Main article|United Progressive Alliance}}
The United Progressive Alliance (UPA) is [[Centrism|centre]] to [[Centre-left politics|centre-left]] political alliance led by the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC).


[[Indian National Congress|Congress]] will contest the election with the state-level alliances like [[Mahajot (Assam)]], [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)]], [[Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)]], [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)]], [[Maha Vikas Aghadi|Maha Vikas Aghadi (Maharashtra)]], [[Secular Progressive Alliance|Secular Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu)]] and [[Sanjukta Morcha|Sanjukta Morcha (West Bengal)]].<ref name=":Mahajot Assam">{{cite news|url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/assam-congress-initiates-grand-alliance-move-against-bjp-for-2024-lok-sabha-polls/article66606515.ece|title = Assam Congress initiates grand alliance move against BJP for 2024 Lok Sabha polls |access-date=2023-03-11}}</ref><ref name=":MGB Bihar">{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/tejashwi-yadav-confirms-rjd-and-jmm-will-contest-2024-lok-sabha-polls-together/article66497030.ece|title = Aiming 2024 polls: Mahagathbandhan to hold rally in Bihar’s Purnia on Feb. 25, Amit Shah to visit State on Feb. 22|website= The Hindu|access-date=2023-02-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2022/apr/24/congress-jmm-relations-smooth-focus-on-2024-lok-sabha-polls-avinash-pande-2445951.html|title = Congress-JMM relations smooth, focus on 2024 Lok Sabha polls: Avinash Pande|access-date=2023-02-27}}</ref><ref name=":LDF-UDF">{{cite news|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/pinarayi-sets-agenda-for-general-elections-in-kerala-ldf-udf-aim-to-consolidate-anti-bjp-votes-1.8335753|title = Pinarayi sets agenda for general elections in Kerala; LDF, UDF aim to consolidate anti-BJP votes|access-date=2023-02-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/sharad-pawar-says-will-ensure-mva-contests-assembly-lok-sabha-elections-together/ar-AA18gSZc?ocid=msedgntp&cvid=794f79630193459aa957c5c074ae2b8b&ei=6|title = Sharad Pawar says will ensure MVA contests Assembly, Lok Sabha elections together|access-date=2023-03-06}}</ref><ref name=":SPA">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/ensure-win-in-all-40-lok-sabha-seats-in-tamil-nadu-puducherry-cm-mk-stalin-to-cadres/articleshow/95929063.cms|title = Ensure win in all 40 Lok Sabha seats in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry: CM MK Stalin to cadres|access-date=2023-02-27}}</ref>
[[Chief Election Commissioner of India|Chief Election Commissioner]] [[Rajiv Kumar (civil servant)|Rajiv Kumar]] has indicated that the 2029 elections would be over by the end of April to prevent heat from affecting voter turnout. Until 2004, the general elections were conducted between the cooler months of December and March.<ref>{{Cite news |last=De|first=Abhishek|date=2024-06-03|title='Next Lok Sabha polls to be over by end of April': 5 big quotes by election body|url=https://www.google.com/s/www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha/story/election-commission-press-conference-lok-sabha-polls-april-record-turnout-2547413-2024-06-03|access-date=2024-07-11 |work=India Today|language=en-IN}}</ref>


Out of the alliances mentioned above, INC will lead [[Mahajot (Assam)]] and [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)]].
== Schedule ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Poll event
!Date
|-
|Notification
|
|-
|Deadline for filing nomination
|
|-
|Scrutiny of nominations
|
|-
|Deadline for withdrawal of nomination
|
|-
|Polling
| 
|-
|Counting of votes
| 
|}


===Left parties===
==Electoral system==
{{see also|Communism in India#Alliances|label1=Left Front}}
[[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MPs]] are elected from single-member constituencies using [[first-past-the-post voting]]. Eligible voters must be Indian citizens, 18 years or older, an ordinary resident of the polling area of the constituency and registered to vote (name included in the electoral rolls), possess a valid [[Voter ID (India)|voter identification card]] issued by the [[Election Commission of India]] or equivalent. Some people convicted of electoral or other offences are barred from voting. Article 83 of the [[Constitution of India]] requires elections to the Lok Sabha be held once every five years.
At the national level, five political parties including [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]], [[Communist Party of India]], [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]], [[Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation]] and [[All India Forward Bloc]] have given joint calls for action and struggles on various issues and experessed their positions of fighting together.<ref>{{cite web|title =Left Parties | url = https://cpim.org/sites/default/files/documents/20220204-dpr-23-congress.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-11-05|title=Call of the 24th Party Congress|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AzlHz7_fD6sZb3BKNp4vkIHrvoxJglfh/view|access-date=2022-11-20|quote=In the inaugural session of the 24th Party Congress leaders of CPI(M), CPI(ML), Forward Block were present and reiterated their positions on left unity. RSP, not present due to their organizational pre-occupations shared the same understanding of fighting together.|website=New Age}}</ref>
 
;Communist Party of India (Marxist)
[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] will form state-specific alliances with left, democratic and secular parties to isolate and defeat the [[BJP]].<ref name=":CPIM in states">{{cite news|url = https://www.thestatesman.com/india/cpi-m-will-go-state-wise-alliances-sitaram-yechury-1503060142.html|title = CPI (M) will go for State-wise alliances: Sitaram Yechury|access-date = 2023-02-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title = All secular forces will unite against BJP for Lok Sabha election: Sitaram Yechury|url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/all-secular-forces-will-unite-against-bjp-sitaram-yechury/article65923247.ece|access-date=2023-02-08}}</ref> CPIM General Secretary [[Sitaram Yechury]] said that his party will ally with like-minded secular and democratic parties in various states like [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] in Bihar and [[Samajwadi Party]] in Uttar Pradesh and national level political front will take shape only after the general election.<ref name=":CPIM in states"/><ref name=":SP-RJD">{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2022/jan/10/cpm-focusing-on-5-poll-bound-states-to-build-anti-bjp-front-yechury-2405095.html|title = CPM focusing on 5 poll-bound States to build anti-BJP front: Yechury|quote = He made it clear that the party would form an alliance with like-minded parties strong enough to defeat BJP in their states — like RJD in Bihar and SP in UP.|access-date=2023-02-04}}</ref> CPIM [[Polit Bureau of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Polit Bureau member]] and Chief Minister of Kerala [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] confirmed about CPIM's plan of forming state-level alliances and hinted an alliance with [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]] in Telangana.<ref>{{cite news| title = National-level alliance for 2024 unlikely: Kerala CM| url = https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2023/feb/03/national-level-alliance-for-2024-unlikely-kerala-cm-2543826.html|date = 2023-02-03|access-date=2023-02-08}}</ref>
 
CPI(M) will contest election being a member of [[Mahajot (Assam)]], [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)]], [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)]], [[Secular Progressive Alliance|Secular Progressive Alliance (Tamil Nadu)]], [[Secular Democratic Forces|Secular Democratic Forces (Tripura)]], [[Samajwadi Gathbandhan|Samajwadi Gathbandhan (Uttar Pradesh)]] and [[Sanjukta Morcha|Sanjukta Morcha (West Bengal)]].<ref name=":Mahajot Assam"/><ref name=":MGB Bihar" /><ref name=":LDF-UDF" /><ref name=":SPA" /><ref name=":SP-RJD"/><ref>{{cite|url=https://twitter.com/CPIM_WESTBENGAL/status/1631275644951855105?cxt=HHwWgoDQwcyjuqMtAAAA|title=Press Conference |access-date=2023-03-04}}</ref>
 
It will lead [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)]], [[Secular Democratic Forces|Secular Democratic Forces (Tripura)]] and [[Sanjukta Morcha|Sanjukta Morcha (West Bengal)]] among the aforesaid alliances.
 
;Samajwadi Party
[[Samajwadi Party]] will lead an alliance named [[Samajwadi Gathbandhan]] in its stronghold Uttar Pradesh. Unlike other Lok Sabha elections, SP along with its allies may not support [[Indian National Congress|INC]] candidates in [[Amethi Lok Sabha constituency|Amethi]] and [[Raebareli Lok Sabha constituency|Raebareli]] as the alliance is planning to field candidates in those constituencies.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/will-contest-all-80-lok-sabha-seats-with-our-alliances-in-2024-akhilesh/ar-AA18dELz|title =Will contest all 80 Lok Sabha seats with our alliances in 2024: Akhilesh|access-date=2023-03-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/akhilesh-yadav-indicates-samajwadi-party-may-contest-amethi-in-2024/articleshow/98452680.cms|title = Akhilesh Yadav indicates Samajwadi Party may contest Amethi in 2024|access-date=2023-03-07}}</ref>
 
===Others===
On 15 January 2023, [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] leader [[Mayawati]] announced that her party will contest the election on its own strength.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bsp-to-go-it-alone-in-assembly-ls-polls-mayawati-3693879|title=BSP To Contest Assembly, Lok Sabha Polls "On Its Own Strength": Mayyawati|access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref>
 
Following a defeat in [[Sagardighi Assembly constituency]] by-election to the [[Sanjukta Morcha|Left-Congress alliance]] in West Bengal on 2 March 2023, [[All India Trinamool Congress]] ruled out any alliance for the Lok Sabha election and AITC supremo and Chief Minister of West Bengal [[Mamata Banerjee]] said that her party will get the support of the people to fight [[BJP]], [[Indian National Congress|INC]] and [[CPI(M)]].<ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2023/mar/03/our-alliance-will-be-with-people-mamata-banerjee-deals-blow-to-grand-oppn-alliance-hopes-2552796.html|title = 'Our alliance will be with people': Mamata Banerjee deals blow to grand Oppn alliance hopes|access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref>
 
==Candidates==
{{main| National Democratic Alliance candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of Indian National Congress candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of Communist Party of India (Marxist) candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of Secular Progressive Alliance candidates in 2024 Indian general election|  List of Mahagathbandhan (Bihar) candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand) candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of Maha Vikas Aghadi candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of Sanjukta Morcha candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of Left Democratic Front (Kerala) candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of United Democratic Front (Kerala) candidates in 2024 Indian general election| List of Samajwadi Gathbandhan candidates in 2024 Indian general election|List of Mahajot (Assam) candidates in 2024 Indian general election}}
 
==Campaigns==
===Bharatiya Janata Party===
The national executive meeting of BJP held on 16 and 17 January 2023 saw the party reaffirm its faith in Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] and extend the tenure of BJP national president [[J. P. Nadda]].
 
Charting out the BJP’s strategy for the upcoming polls, PM Modi in his speech to party workers said they should reach out to every section of society, including the marginalised and minority communities, “without electoral considerations”.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-18 |title=BJP’s big meet ahead of 9 state polls, 2024 Lok Sabha elections: Here’s what happened |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bjp-national-executive-meeting-highlights-pm-modi-2024-elections-8388809/ |access-date=2023-01-25 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
 
===Indian National Congress===
Senior Congress leader and former [[List of presidents of the Indian National Congress|President of the Indian National Congress]] [[Rahul Gandhi]] was leading the movement named [[Bharat Jodo Yatra]], by encouraging the party cadre and the public to walk from Kanyakumari at the southern tip of India in [[Tamilnadu]] to the union territory of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], a journey of 3,570 kilometres (2,220 miles) over 150 days, which started from 7 September 2022 and ended on 30 January 2023 - a journey which took 146 days.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-07 |title=Rahul launches yatra: Tricolour under attack, BJP wants to divide country on religious lines |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/congress-rahul-gandhi-launch-bharat-jodo-yatra-8137068/ |access-date=2023-01-25 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
 
Congress announced the launch of Hath se Hath Jodo Yatra from 26 January 2023. Congress MP [[Jairam Ramesh]] said "The goal is to distribute the charge sheet against the BJP along with Rahul Gandhi’s letter from door to door".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-21 |title=Congress launches ‘Hath se Hath Jodo’ campaign logo |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/congress-launches-hath-se-hath-jodo-campaign-logo-101674290589271.html |access-date=2023-01-25 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>


===Communist Party of India (Marxist)===
==Surveys and polls==
*'''Bihar''' : The CPI(M) Bihar state committee organised a massive state-wide campaign at [[Gandhi Maidan]] in [[Patna]] as part of nationwide campaign during 14 September to 22 September 2022 against the incumbent central government.<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.aninews.in/news/national/politics/all-left-secular-forces-in-india-will-come-together-against-pm-modi-in-2024-polls-sitaram-yechury-at-patna-rally20220922190048/|title = All left, secular forces in India will come together against PM Modi in 2024 polls: Sitaram Yechury at Patna rally|access-date=2023-01-24}}</ref> CPIM took part in an “oust-Modi campaign” starting from [[Purnia]] on 25 February 2023 as a part of [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|Mahagathbandhan]] in Bihar.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/bihar-s-grand-alliance-to-launch-mission-2024-on-february-25/ar-AA17hJY2#:~:text=%C2%A9%20Provided%20by%20The%20Statesman%20Bihar%E2%80%99s%20grand%20alliance,Purnia%20much%20ahead%20of%202024%20Lok%20Sabha%20polls|title = Bihar’s grand alliance to launch Mission 2024 on February 25|access-date=2023-02-10|website=MSN.com}}</ref>
{{main|Opinion polling for the next Indian general election}}
 
*'''Kerala''' : The Kerala unit of CPI(M) started 21 day-long campaign from 1 January 2023.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.newkerala.com/news/2022/161528.htm| title = Target 10, Kerala CPI(M) to hit the road for 2024 LS polls from Jan 1|access-date= 2023-01-15|website=newkerala.com|date=December 22, 2022}}</ref> On 13 January 2023, CPIM Kerala unit announced state-wide march led by [[Polit Bureau of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Polit Bureau member]] and state secretary [[M. V. Govindan]] against the central government.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.canindia.com/keralas-ruling-cpi-m-announces-state-wide-yatra-against-centre/| title = Kerala’s ruling CPI-M announces state-wide yatra against Centre|access-date= 2023-01-15|work=CanIndia}}</ref> The Kerala CPIM has also announced a series of agitations against the NDA government at the centre starting from 20 January 2023.<ref>{{cite news|url = https://thesouthfirst.com/kerala/cpim-announces-mass-campaign-in-kerala-against-central-policies/|title = CPI(M) announces mass campaign in Kerala against Central policies|date= 2022-12-22}}</ref> CPIM has planned to launch a state-wide campaign in March to highlight the Centre’s neglect of Kerala and its trespasses on federalism and secularism.<ref>{{cite news|title = Kerala CM Pinarayi sets the tone for LDF’S 2024 Lok Sabha campaign| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/pinarayi-sets-the-tone-for-ldfs-2024-lok-sabha-campaign/article66501572.ece|access-date=2023-02-15}}</ref> On 20 February 2023, [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] inaugurated statewide Janakeeya Prathirodha Jatha (People’s Resistance Yatra) led by [[M. V. Govindan]] to expose the attacks on federalism and threats posed by the RSS-backed BJP government to the constitutional values of the nation.<ref>{{cite news|title = CPI(M)’s Kerala Yatra to ‘Expose Threats’ of BJP Regime|url = https://www.newsclick.in/cpims-kerala-yatra-expose-threats-bjp-regime|access-date=2023-02-21}}</ref>
*'''Telangana''' : CPI(M) Telangana State committee will organise state-wide march named Jana Chaitanya Yatra starting from 17 March 2023 in order to protest against the pro-corporate and anti-people policies of the BJP led union government. On that day, CPI(M) General Secretary [[Sitaram Yechury]] at [[Warangal]], [[Polit Bureau of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Polit Bureau member]] [[B.V. Raghavulu]] at [[Adilabad]] and another [[Polit Bureau of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Polit Bureau member]] [[A. Vijayaraghavan]] at [[Nizamabad, Telangana|Nizamabad]] will flag off the rallies.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Telangana: CPI(M)'s Jana Chaitanya Yatra to start on March 17|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/telangana/telangana-cpims-jana-chaitanya-yatra-to-start-on-march-17-786074 |access-date=2023-03-04}}</ref>
 
==See also==
[[2024 elections in India]]


==References==
==References==
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{{Indian elections}}
{{Indian elections}}
{{Next Indian elections}}
{{Indian general election, 2024}}


[[Category:Next Indian general election| ]]
[[Category:Future elections in Asia|India]]
[[Category:Future elections in India|General]]
[[Category:Future elections in India|General]]
[[Category:Future elections in Asia|India]]
[[Category:General elections in India]]
[[Category:General elections in India|2024]]

Latest revision as of 15:39, 24 April 2026


Next Indian General Election
← 2024 By April 2029
All TBD seats in the Lok Sabha
TBD seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
 
The official portrait of Shri Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of the Republic of India.jpg
Rahul Gandhi.png
Leader Narendra Modi Rahul Gandhi
Party BJP INC
Alliance NDA Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
Leader since 2013 2024
Leader's seat Varanasi Rae Bareli
Last election 36.56%, 240 seats 21.19%, 99 seats
Current seats 240 100
Seats needed TBD TBD
Incumbent Prime Minister

Narendra Modi
BJP



General elections are expected to be held in India by April 2029 to elect 543 members of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of Parliament.

Background[edit | edit source]

The tenure of the 18th Lok Sabha is scheduled to end in June 2029.[1] In the 2024 Indian general election, incumbent prime minister Narendra Modi ran for a third consecutive term. His Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) had enjoyed an absolute majority—a minimum of 272 seats—in the 2014 and 2019 elections. The primary opposition was the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA), a coalition formed in 2023 by the Indian National Congress (INC) and many regional parties. The BJP won 240 seats, with the NDA securing 293 of the house's 543 seats.[2] The INDIA coalition secured 234 seats, 99 of which were won by the Congress, garnering the party the official opposition status for the first time in 10 years.[3][4][5] Seven independents and ten candidates from non-aligned parties also won seats in the Lok Sabha.[6][7][8]

Current composition of the Lok Sabha[edit | edit source]

This table relates to the composition of the Lok Sabha after the 2024 Indian general election and summarises the changes in party affiliation that took place during the 2024–present Lok Sabha.

This section is transcluded from List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha. (edit | history)

No. of Lok Sabha MP's party-wise:

As of 13 August 2025
Alliance Party No. of MPs Leader of the Party
Government
NDA
Seats: 293 		BJP 240 Narendra Modi
TDP 16 Lavu Sri Krishna Devarayalu
JD(U) 12 Dileshwar Kamait
Shiv Sena 7 Shrikant Shinde
Lok Janshakti Party 5 Chirag Paswan
Janata Dal 2 M. Mallesh Babu
Janasena Party 2 Vallabhaneni Balashowry
RLD 2 Rajkumar Sangwan
Apna Dal 1 Anupriya Patel
Asom Gana Parishad 1 Phani Bhusan Choudhury
All Jharkhand Students Union 1 Chandra Prakash Choudhary
Hindustani Awam Morcha 1 Jitan Ram Manjhi
NCP 1 Sunil Tatkare
Sikkim Krantikari Morcha 1 Indra Hang Subba
United People's Party Liberal 1 Joyanta Basumatary
INDIA
Seats: 234 		INC 99 Rahul Gandhi
SP 37 Akhilesh Yadav
AITC 28 Abhishek Banerjee
DMK 22 T. R. Baalu
Shiv Sena 9 Arvind Sawant
Nationalist Congress Party 8 Supriya Sule
CPI (M) 4 K. Radhakrishnan
RJD 4 Abhay Kumar Sinha
IUML 3 E. T. Mohammed Basheer
JMM 3 Joba Majhi
CPI 2 K. Subbarayan
CPI(ML)L 2 Raja Ram Singh
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 2 Mian Altaf Ahmed
VCK 2 Thol. Thirumavalavan
Bharat Adivasi Party 1 Rajkumar Roat
Kerala Congress 1 Francis George
MDMK 1 Durai Vaiko
Rashtriya Loktantrik Party 1 Hanuman Beniwal
Revolutionary Socialist Party 1 N. K. Premachandran
Independent 3
Unalligned
Seats: 15 		YSRCP 4 P. V. Midhun Reddy
AAP 3 Gurmeet Singh Meet Hayer
Akali Dal 2 Amritpal Singh
AIMIM 1 Asaduddin Owaisi
Aazad Samaj Party 1 Chandrashekhar Azad
SAD 1 Harsimrat Kaur Badal
Zoram People's Movement 1 Richard Vanlalhmangaiha
Independent 2
Vacant Vacant 2 Basirhat
Shillong
Total 543

Delimitation[edit | edit source]

The next Lok Sabha delimitation in India is due after the first census following the year 2026. According to the 84th Amendment to the Constitution of India, the current freeze on the delimitation of constituencies is set to continue until the results of the first census taken after the year 2026 are published.[9] A Special Session of Parliament will be convened from the 16th of April to 18th of April 2026, to debate on this matter. The 131st Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2026 was brought by the Government to increase the Total seats of the Lok Sabha to an upper limit of 850 seats and to make changes in the Article 334A relating to Women's Reservation, for implementation in 2029. The Delimitation bill was withdrawn by the Government in the Lok Sabha, after the 131st Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2026 failed in the Lok Sabha on 17th April 2026, with 298 votes in favour and 230 votes against it [10]

Women's reservation[edit | edit source]

The introduction of women's reservation in the Lok Sabha is set to occur after the delimitation exercise based on the census following the year 2026. According to the 106th Amendment Act, 33% of the total seats will be directly allocated to women in the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies.[11]. An Amendment to the Act was brought to the Parliament in the Special Session from 16-18th April, 2026, which had the Women's Reservation delinked from the Delimitation exercise after a census following the lapse of the freeze on allocation of seats in 2026, in order for it to be implemented in 2029 Elections. Being a Constitutional Amendment, the Bill needed Two-thirds majority in both houses, and on 17th April 2026, it failed to pass the Lok Sabha, with 298 votes in favour and 230 votes against the Amendment Bill.[10]

Schedule[edit | edit source]

Chief Election Commissioner Rajiv Kumar has indicated that the 2029 elections would be over by the end of April to prevent heat from affecting voter turnout. Until 2004, the general elections were conducted between the cooler months of December and March.[12]

Schedule[edit | edit source]

Poll event Date
Notification
Deadline for filing nomination
Scrutiny of nominations
Deadline for withdrawal of nomination
Polling
Counting of votes

Electoral system[edit | edit source]

MPs are elected from single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting. Eligible voters must be Indian citizens, 18 years or older, an ordinary resident of the polling area of the constituency and registered to vote (name included in the electoral rolls), possess a valid voter identification card issued by the Election Commission of India or equivalent. Some people convicted of electoral or other offences are barred from voting. Article 83 of the Constitution of India requires elections to the Lok Sabha be held once every five years.

Surveys and polls[edit | edit source]

Main article: Opinion polling for the next Indian general election

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Terms of the Houses". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
  2. ↑ Sinha, Shishir (5 June 2024). "NDA elects Modi as leader, President dissolves Lok Sabha". BusinessLine. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2024.
  3. ↑ Aggarwal, Raghav (4 June 2024). "INDIA bloc's combined strength plays spoilsport for BJP in 2 biggest states". Business Standard. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2024.
  4. ↑ Aggarwai, Mithil; Frayer, Janis Mackey (4 June 2024). "India hands PM Modi a surprise setback, with his majority in doubt in the world's largest election". NBC News. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  5. ↑ Poharel, Krishna; Lahiri, Tripti (3 June 2024). "India's Narendra Modi Struggles to Hold On to Majority, Early Election Results Show". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  6. ↑ "7 Independents and 10 from non-aligned parties book LS seats". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 6 June 2024. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
  7. ↑ "Lok Sabha elections: Meet seven candidates who won as independents". Archived from the original on 8 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  8. ↑ "Who are the 7 independents elected to the Lok Sabha?". 7 June 2024. Archived from the original on 8 June 2024. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
  9. ↑ R, Rangarajan (6 February 2024). "Understanding the delimitation exercise | Explained". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/womens-reservation-bill-falls-short-in-lok-sabha-what-happened-14001707.html/amp
  11. ↑ "'God has given me the opportunity', says PM Modi as women quota bill tabled in LS". Hindustan Times. 19 September 2023.
  12. ↑ De, Abhishek (3 June 2024). "'Next Lok Sabha polls to be over by end of April': 5 big quotes by election body". India Today. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
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