East Champaran district: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Short description|District in Bihar, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                           = East Champaran district
| name               = East Champaran district
| settlement_type                 = [[List of districts of Bihar|District of Bihar]]  
| settlement_type   = [[List of districts of Bihar|District of Bihar]]
| total_type                     = Total
| total_type         = Total
| native_name                     =  
| native_name       = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| image_map                       = Bihar district location map East Champaran.svg
| image_map         = Bihar district location map East Champaran.svg
| map_caption                     = Location of East Champaran district in Bihar
| map_caption       = Location of East Champaran district in Bihar
| coordinates                     =  
| coordinates       =  
| coor_pinpoint                   = Motihari
| coor_pinpoint     = Motihari
| subdivision_type               = Country
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name               = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1               = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Bihar Government Banner.png}} [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Bihar|Division]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Tirhut division|Tirhut]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tirhut division|Tirhut]]
| established_title               = Established
| established_title = Established
| established_date               =  
| established_date   =  
| seat_type                       = Headquarters
| seat_type         = Headquarters
| seat                           = [[Motihari]]
| seat               = [[Motihari]]
| parts_type                     = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_type         = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style                     = para
| parts_style       = para
| p1                             =  
| p1                 =  
| area_total_km2                 = 3968
| area_total_km2     = 3968
| area_footnotes                 =  
| area_footnotes     =  
| population_as_of               = 2011
| population_as_of   = 2011
| population_total               = 5,099,371
| population_total   = 5,099,371
| population_footnotes           =  
| population_footnotes =  
| population_urban               =  
| population_urban   =  
| population_density_km2         = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1             = Demographics
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1           = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1             = 55.79 per cent
| demographics_type2 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title2           = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info1 = 55.79 per cent
| demographics1_info2             = 901
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| leader_title                   =  
| demographics1_info2 = 901
| leader_name                     =  
| leader_title       = [[District Magistrate]] ([[District magistrate|DM]])
| leader_title1                   = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name       = Saurabh Jorwal ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]])<ref name="dm">{{cite web |title=Collector & District Magistrate - East Champaran |url=https://eastchamparan.nic.in/dm-profile-east-champaran/ |publisher=East Champaran District Administration |accessdate=18 September 2025}}</ref>
| leader_name1                    = [[Purvi Champaran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Purvi Champaran]], [[Paschim Champaran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Paschim Champaran]], [[Sheohar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sheohar]]
| leader_title1       = [[Superintendent of Police]] ([[Superintendent of police (India)|SP]])
| leader_title2                  = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1        =Swarn Prabhat ([[Indian Police Service|IPS]])<ref name="sp">{{cite web |title=Superintendent of Police - East Champaran |url=https://eastchamparan.nic.in/sp-east-champaran/ |publisher=East Champaran District Administration |accessdate=18 September 2025}}</ref>
| leader_name2                    = [[Raxaul (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raxaul]], [[Sugauli (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sugauli]], [[Narkatiya (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Narkatiya]], [[Harsidhi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Harsidhi]], [[Govindganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Govindganj]], [[Kesaria (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kesaria]], [[Kalyanpur, Purvi Champaran (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kalyanpur]], [[Pipra, Purvi Champaran (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Pipra]], [[Madhuban (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Madhuban]], [[Motihari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Motihari]], [[Chiraia (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chiraia]], [[Dhaka (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dhaka]]
| leader_title2      = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| leader_name2      = [[Purvi Champaran Lok Sabha constituency|Purvi Champaran]], [[Paschim Champaran Lok Sabha constituency|Paschim Champaran]], [[Sheohar Lok Sabha constituency|Sheohar]]
| utc_offset1                     = +05:30
| leader_title3      = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| registration_plate             =  
| leader_name3      = [[Raxaul Assembly constituency|Raxaul]], [[Sugauli Assembly constituency|Sugauli]], [[Narkatiya Assembly constituency|Narkatiya]], [[Harsidhi Assembly constituency|Harsidhi]], [[Govindganj Assembly constituency|Govindganj]], [[Kesaria Assembly constituency|Kesaria]], [[Kalyanpur, Purvi Champaran Assembly constituency|Kalyanpur]], [[Pipra, Purvi Champaran Assembly constituency|Pipra]], [[Madhuban, Bihar Assembly constituency|Madhuban]], [[Motihari Assembly constituency|Motihari]], [[Chiraia Assembly constituency|Chiraia]], [[Dhaka Assembly constituency|Dhaka]]
| blank_name_sec1                 = [[Indian road network|Major highways]]
| demographics2_title1 = Official
| blank_info_sec1                 = NH 28A, [[National Highway 104 (India)|NH 104]]
| demographics2_info1 = [[Hindi]]<ref name="CSDOffLang1950">{{cite web|url=http://csd.bih.nic.in/Act&rule/Act1english.pdf|title=The Bihar Official Language Act, 1950|date=1950|website=Cabinet Secretariat Department, Government of Bihar|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413072041/http://csd.bih.nic.in/Act%26rule/Act1english.pdf|archive-date=13 April 2015|access-date=9 April 2015}}</ref>
| blank_name_sec2                 = Average annual precipitation
| demographics2_title2 = Additional&nbsp;official
| blank_info_sec2                 = 1241 mm
| demographics2_info2 = [[Urdu]]<ref name="Benedikter2009">{{cite book|last=Benedikter|first=Thomas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vpZv2GHM7VQC&pg=PA89|title=Language Policy and Linguistic Minorities in India: An Appraisal of the Linguistic Rights of Minorities in India|date=2009|publisher=[[LIT Verlag]]|isbn=978-3-643-10231-7|location=Münster|page=89|access-date=10 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019053006/https://books.google.com/books?id=vpZv2GHM7VQC&pg=PA89&lpg=PA89|archive-date=19 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
| website                         = http://eastchamparan.bih.nic.in/
| demographics2_title3 = Regional
| official_name                   =  
| demographics2_info3 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]
| image_skyline                   = Kesariya Stupa -kesariya- east champaran- Bihar.jpg
| timezone1         = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| image_caption                   = [[Kesaria stupa|Kesariya Stupa]]
| utc_offset1       = +05:30
| image_shield                   = Bihar Government Banner.png
| registration_plate = BR-05
| motto                           = Jai Hind , jai Bihar, jai champaran
| blank_name_sec1   = [[National Highway (India)|Major highways]]
| image_seal                     =
| blank_info_sec1   = *{{jct|NH|527D|country=IND}}
| subdivision_type3              = Block
* {{jct|NH|104|country=IND}}
| population_demonym              = Champarnwashi
| blank_name_sec2   = Average annual precipitation
| blank_info_sec2   = 1241 mm
| postal_code_type  = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code        = 845401 (East Champaran)<ref>[https://indiapincodes.net/Bihar/Purbi-champaran/ East Champaran]</ref>
| website           = {{URL|https://eastchamparan.nic.in/}}
| official_name     =  
| image_skyline     = {{Photomontage
| photo1a  = Buddhist Stupa at Kesariya (wide angle view) at Champaran (east) district of Bihar, India 08.jpg
| photo2a  = Motihari station, India, ca. 1906 (IMP-CSCNWW33-OS14-6).jpg| photo2b  = Lauriya Araraj pillar of Ashoka, Champaran District.jpg| photo3a  = Birth-Place-George-Orwell-Motihari.jpg
| size    = 280
| spacing  = 1
| position = centre
| border  = 0
| color    = white
}}
| image_caption     = Clockwise from top: [[Kesaria stupa|Kesariya Stupa]], [[Lauriya Araraj]] pillar of [[Ashoka]], [[George Orwell]]'s birthplace, [[Bapudham Motihari railway station|Motihari station]] in 1906
| image_shield       = Bihar Government Banner.png
| motto             =  
| image_seal         =  
}}
}}
'''East Champaran''' is an administrative district in the state of [[Bihar]] in [[India]]. The district headquarters are located at [[Motihari]].
 
'''East Champaran district''' or '''Purvi Champaran district''' is an administrative district in the [[Tirhut division]] of the state of [[Bihar]] in India. The district headquarter is located at [[Motihari]]. Prior to 1971, there was a single [[Champaran District]]. On 1 December 1971, it was divided into East and [[West Champaran]] (Purvi and Paschimi Champaran). In early days the land of East Chamapran was ruled by different kingdoms as Videha, Sunga, Kanvas. It is also believed that Champaran used to be a major part of King Janak's empire. Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Satyagraha movement from here.


==About district==
==About district==
East Champaran District is functioning from 2 November 1972. The headquarter of district is at Motihari. It is situated at 26° 16′ to 27° 1′ North latitude and 84° 30′ to 85° 16′ East longitudes. [[Nepal]] makes its northern boundary, Sitamadhi and Sheohar eastern while Muzaffarpur South and with part of Gopalganj bounds it in western side. The name Champaran owes its origin to Champa-aranya or Champkatanys. Champa or Champaka means Magnolia and aranya means forest. Hence, Champaranya means Forest of Magnolia (CHAMPA) trees. The District comprises an area of 3968.0&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> with 1344 villages having population of 50,82,868 as per 2011 census. The Administrative set up of the District is decentralized into 6 sub-division, 27 blocks, 27 Circles, 3 Nagar Parishads (Motihari, Raxaul and Dhaka), 6 Nagar Panchayats and 405 Panchayats.
East Champaran District is functioning from 2 November 1972. The headquarter of the district is at Motihari. It is situated at 26° 16′ to 27° 1′ North latitude and 84° 30′ to 85° 16′ East longitudes. [[Nepal]] makes its northern boundary, [[Sitamarhi district|Sitamarhi]] and [[Sheohar district|Sheohar]] eastern while [[Mehsi]], Muzaffarpur South and with part of [[Gopalganj district, India|Gopalganj]] and [[West Champaran district|West Champaran]] bounds it in western side.


The district occupies an area of 3969&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and has a population of 3,933,636 ({{As of|2001|lc=on}}). East Champaran is a part of [[Tirhut Division]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in|title=Tirhut Division|website=tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in|access-date=11 April 2018}}</ref> ([[Tirhut]]). It is currently a part of the [[Red Corridor]].
The district occupies an area of {{cvt|3969|km2}} and has a population of 5,099,371 ({{As of|2011|lc=on}}). East Champaran is a part of [[Tirhut Division]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in|title=Tirhut Division|website=tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in|access-date=11 April 2018}}</ref> It was earlier part of the [[Red Corridor]].


As of 2011, it is the second most populous district of Bihar (out of [[Districts of Bihar|39]]), after [[Patna district|Patna]].<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref>
As of 2011, it is the second most populous district of Bihar (out of [[Districts of Bihar|38]]), after [[Patna district|Patna]].<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: East Champaran |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/300/download/850/DH_2011_1002_PART_A_DCHB_PURBA_CHAMPARAN.pdf |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
 
East Champaran is the second most crowded district of Bihar. The district gets its name from the union of two words, champa and aranya. Champa alludes to scented blossom trees and Aranya alludes to the home or an encased spot. The name began back in when the district was encircled by a backwoods of magnolia (champa) trees.


==Geography==
==Geography==
East Champaran district occupies an area of {{convert|3968|km2|sqmi}},<ref name="Reference Annual">{{cite book|title=India 2010: A Reference Annual|last1=Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.)|publisher=Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]]|year=2010|isbn=978-81-230-1617-7|edition=54th|location=New Delhi, India|pages=1118–1119|chapter=States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government}}<!--| access-date = 11 October 2011 --></ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Vanuatu]]'s [[Espiritu Santo]].<ref name='Islands'>{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 11 October 2011 | date = 18 February 1998 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Espiritu Santo 3,956km2}}</ref>
The East Champaran district occupies an area of {{convert|3968|km2|sqmi}},<ref name="Reference Annual">{{cite book |last1=Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) |title=India 2010: A Reference Annual |publisher=Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-81-230-1617-7 |edition=54th |location=New Delhi, India |pages=1118–1119 |chapter=States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government}}<!--| access-date = 11 October 2011 --></ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Vanuatu]]'s [[Espiritu Santo]].<ref name="Islands">{{cite web |date=18 February 1998 |title=Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area |url=http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103205322/http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm |archive-date=3 January 2021 |access-date=11 October 2011 |publisher=[[United Nations Environment Program]] |quote=Espiritu Santo 3,956km2}}</ref>
[[Gandak]], [[Burhi Gandak River|Burhi Gandak]] and [[Bagmati River|Baghmati]] are important rivers flowing through this region.
[[Gandak]], [[Burhi Gandak River|Burhi Gandak]] and [[Bagmati River|Baghmati]] are important rivers flowing through this region.
[[File:StonePillar_GandhiMuseum.jpg|thumb]]


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=10,27,835|13=1911|14=10,95,530|15=1921|16=11,14,162|17=1931|18=12,31,756|19=1941|20=13,76,352|21=1951|22=14,43,961|23=1961|24=16,81,089|25=1971|26=19,56,084|27=1981|28=24,25,501|29=1991|30=30,43,061|31=2001|32=39,39,773|33=2011|34=50,99,371|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}{{bar box
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=10,27,835|13=1911|14=10,95,530|15=1921|16=11,14,162|17=1931|18=12,31,756|19=1941|20=13,76,352|21=1951|22=14,43,961|23=1961|24=16,81,089|25=1971|26=19,56,084|27=1981|28=24,25,501|29=1991|30=30,43,061|31=2001|32=39,39,773|33=2011|34=50,99,371|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web |title=Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Bihar |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/43343/download/47022/10%20A-2%20Bihar.pdf |website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>|align=center}}
|title=Religions in East Champaran District
 
{{bar box
|title=Religions in East Champaran district (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Bihar |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11366/download/14479/DDW10C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|left1=Religion
Line 80: Line 103:
|float=right
|float=right
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|80.14}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|80.14}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|19.42}}
{{bar percent|[[Bihari Muslims|Islam]]|green|19.42}}
{{bar percent|Not Stated|black|0.31}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.44}}
{{bar percent|Christian|blue|0.10}}
{{bar percent|Buddhist|yellow|0.02}}
{{bar percent|Sikh|olive|0.01}}
{{bar percent|Jain|brown|0.01}}
}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] East Champaran district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 5,099,371,<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the [[United Arab Emirates]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = United Arab Emirates 5,148,664
 
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] East Champaran district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 5,099,371,<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the [[United Arab Emirates]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = United Arab Emirates 5,148,664
  }}</ref> or the US state of [[Colorado]].<ref>{{cite web
  }}</ref> or the US state of [[Colorado]].<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  
  |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
  |title=2010 Resident Population Data  
  |title=2010 Resident Population Data
  |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau  
  |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
  |access-date=30 September 2011  
  |access-date=30 September 2011
|quote=Colorado 5,029,196  
|quote=Colorado 5,029,196
  |url-status=dead  
  |url-status=dead
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
  |archive-date=19 October 2013  
  |archive-date=19 October 2013
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 21st in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 1281 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 29.01%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Purbi Champaran has a [[sex ratio]] of 901 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 55.79%.<ref name=districtcensus/>
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 21st in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|1281|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 29.01%.<ref name=districtcensus/> East Champaran has a [[sex ratio]] of 901 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 55.79%. 7.87% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 12.74% and 0.24% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>


===Languages===
===Languages===
{{Pie chart| thumb = right| caption = Languages in East Champaran district (2011)<ref name="Language">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1000.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=30 January 2021}}</ref>
{{Pie chart
|label1=[[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value1=82.67|color1=Yellow
|thumb = right
|label2=[[Hindi]] |value2=7.06 |color2=Orange
|caption = Languages in East Champaran district (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label3=[[Urdu]] |value3=7.33  |color3=Green
|label1 = [[Bhojpuri Language|Bhojpuri]] |value1 = 82.67 |color1 = gold
|label4=[[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value4=0.26 |color4=Red
|label2 = [[Urdu language|Urdu]] |value2 = 7.33 |color2 = green
|label5=Others |value5=2.68 |color5=Pink
|label3 = [[Hindi]] |value3 = 7.06 |color3 = orange
|label4 = 'Other' Hindi |value4 = 2.58 |color4 = hotpink
|label5 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value5 = 0.26 |color5 = orchid
|label6 = Others |value6 = 0.1 |color6 = grey
}}
}}


According to the 2011 census, 82.67% of the population spoke [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], 7.33% [[Urdu]] and 7.06% [[Hindi]] as their first language.<ref name="Language"/><ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bhojpuri: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bho | access-date = 30 September 2011 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref>
According to the 2011 census, 82.67% of the population spoke [[Bhojpuri Language|Bhojpuri]], 7.33% [[Urdu language|Urdu]] and 7.06% [[Hindi]] as their first language. 2.58% of the population spoke 'Others' under Hindi. The eastern border of the district lies in a transition between Bhojpuri and [[Bajjika]].<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10196/download/13308/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1000.XLSX|website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
 
==Administrative divisions==
The East Champaran district is divided into 6 [[Tehsil]] (sub-division):
# [[Areraj]]
# [[Chakia, Bihar|Chakia]]
# [[Motihari]]
# [[Pakaridayal]]
# [[Raxaul]]
# Sikarahana
 
== Politics ==
{{transcluded section|source=18th Bihar Assembly}}
{{#section:18th Bihar Assembly|MLA Header}}
{{#section:18th Bihar Assembly|East Champaran district}}
|}
 
== Literature ==
Freedom fighter and author [[Ramesh Chandra Jha]] was the first person who penned down the literary history of Champaran. His notable works include ''Champaran Ki Sahitya Sadhana'' (चम्पारन की साहित्य साधना) (1958), ''Champaran:Literature & Literary Writers'' (चम्पारन: साहित्य और साहित्यकार) (1967) and ''Apne Aur Sapne:A Literary Journey Of Champaran'' (अपने और सपने: चम्पारन की साहित्य यात्रा) (1988).<ref>[https://archive.org/details/ApneAurSapneALitereryJourneyOfChamparanByRameshChandraJha/ Apne Aur Sapne : Online PDF book at Archive.org]</ref>
 
== Tourist places ==
=== Someshwar Nath Mandir, Areraj ===
Someshwar Nath Mahadev Mandir is a well established temple situated in Areraj. The significant divinity of the heavenly temple is of Lord Shiva. Explorers and pilgrims of Lord Shiva go to the holy place from India as well as from Nepal. The merriments on the event of an occasional reasonable known as Shrawani Mela, during July and August, are really pleasant. There are numerous different temples nearby around and thus just, Areraj is known as the holy place of East Champaran.
 
=== Ashokan Pillar ===
{{See also|Pillars of Ashoka}}
[[File:Side view of Lauriya Nandangarh Ashoka Pillar.jpg|thumb|Ashoka Pillar]]
Ashokan Pillar is situated in Lauria Nandangarh, or Lauriya Navandgarh which is a city or town around 14 km from Narkatiaganj and 28 km from Bettiah in West Champaran district of Bihar state in northern India. It is found near the banks of the Budhi Gandak River. Lauriya Nandangarh is a chronicled place which goes under West Champaran district of Bihar.
 
=== Kesariya ===
[[File:Kesariya Stupa -kesariya- east champaran- Bihar.jpg|thumb|Kesariya Baudha Stupa]]
Kesariya is arranged on the eastern banks of the [[River Gandak]] and views the enormous 104-feet-tall stupa, which is viewed as the tallest Buddhist stupa. In like manner, Kesariya orders conspicuous situations in East Champaran the travel industry just as history of Buddhism. The stupa was found in the year 1998.
 
=== Raxaul ===
Raxaul is one of the most significant towns of the East Champaran district. By excellence of its topographical area, it is known as the Gateway to Nepal.
 
=== Moti Jheel ===
Situated in the core of the Motihari city, Moti Jheel is the most excellent fascination of the city that isolates Motihari into two parts.
 
=== NREGA Park ===
A lovely and beguiling spot to appreciate with loved ones.
 
=== Champaran in Gallary ===
<gallery widths=180>
File:Motihari station, India, ca. 1906 (IMP-CSCNWW33-OS14-6).jpg|Motihari Railway Station, 1906
File:Henry Bazaar, Motihari, India, ca. 1906 (IMP-CSCNWW33-OS14-10).jpg|Henry Bazaar(1906), Motihari
File:Birth-Place-George-Orwell-Motihari.jpg|Birth palace of George Orwell, Motihari
File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi paying homage at the statue of Mahatma Gandhi, at Motihari, in Bihar (1).jpg|The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi paying homage at the statue of Mahatma Gandhi, at Motihari.
File:StonePillar GandhiMuseum.jpg|Stone Pillar Gandhi Museum
File:Lauriya Araraj pillar of Ashoka, Champaran District.jpg|Lauriya Ashoka Pillar, Areraj
</gallery>
 
=== Gandhi Memorial ===
Gandhi Memorial is situated in Chandrahiya town, On his visit to Champaran Gandhiji was stopped in this town. Chandrahiya is around 8 km away from district headquarter Motihari.
 
=== Champaran Satyagrah Park ===
The Champaran Satyagraha Shatabdi Park located at the district headquarter of East Champaran. The Park has been built by the Urban Development and Housing office. Neighborhood individuals appreciate the freshness of this park with family, relatives, friends on weekend and holidays.
 
=== George Orwell Monument ===
The origin of perhaps the most commended scholars of the 20th century and the writer of a few acclaimed books, George Orwell.


==Non governmental organization==
=== Sitakund ===
* Sanmat, an organization to help the underprivileged.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sanmat |url=http://www.sanmat.in |website=www.ssnmtrust.org |access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Amit Choubey, social entrepreneur and Founder of SANMAT works hard to bring good change in the lives of marginalized sections of our society |url=http://www.entrepreneurshipindia.co.in/articles/amit-choubey-founder-of-SANMAT-works-hard-to-bring-the-change-towards-the-marginalized-sections-of-our-society.html |access-date=7 January 2020 |work=www.entrepreneurshipindia.co.in |date=30 August 2017 |language=en}}</ref>
Found 16 Kms from Pipra Railway Station, Sitakund is acclaimed as where Goddess Sita took a heavenly plunge.[[File:StonePillar_GandhiMuseum.jpg|thumb|Stone pillar at the Gandhi Museum]]
* [[Redcross]]
* [[Champaran Foundation]] - It is an organization that primarily works among youth and is headed by Shuja Khan Gandhi.<ref>[https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/muzaffarpur/motihari/news/every-year-celebrates-environment-day-do-not-implement-it-to-save-it-future-generations-will-face-trouble-127971499.html Every Year Environment Day is Celebrated to Create Awareness], Dainik Bhaskar.</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Chakia, Bihar|Chakia]]
* [[Raxaul]]
* [[Dhaka, East Champaran]]
* [[Motihari]]
* [[George Orwell]]
* [[Ramesh Chandra Jha]]
* [[Districts of Bihar]]
* [[Districts of Bihar]]
* [[Ravish Kumar]]


==References==
==References==
Line 130: Line 203:


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://eastchamparan.bih.nic.in/ East Champaran district website]
{{EB1911 poster|Champaran}}
* [https://eastchamparan.bih.nic.in/ East Champaran district website]
* [http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in Official Website of Tirhut Division]
* [http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in Official Website of Tirhut Division]
* [https://www.apnamotihari.com/ Motihari (East Champaran)]
* [https://www.apnamotihari.com/ Motihari (East Champaran)]
* [https://www.biharad.com/district/east-champaran East Champaran District Info]
* [https://www.biharad.com/district/east-champaran East Champaran District Info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426161110/https://www.biharad.com/district/east-champaran |date=26 April 2021 }}


{{Geographic location
{{Geographic location

Latest revision as of 10:56, 20 November 2025


East Champaran district
District of Bihar
Clockwise from top: Kesariya Stupa, Lauriya Araraj pillar of Ashoka, George Orwell's birthplace, Motihari station in 1906
Coat of arms of East Champaran district
Coat of arms
Location of East Champaran district in Bihar
Location of East Champaran district in Bihar
Country India
State Bihar
DivisionTirhut
HeadquartersMotihari
Government
 • District Magistrate (DM)Saurabh Jorwal (IAS)[1]
 • Superintendent of Police (SP)Swarn Prabhat (IPS)[2]
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesPurvi Champaran, Paschim Champaran, Sheohar
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesRaxaul, Sugauli, Narkatiya, Harsidhi, Govindganj, Kesaria, Kalyanpur, Pipra, Madhuban, Motihari, Chiraia, Dhaka
Area
 • Total3,968 km2 (1,532 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total5,099,371
 • Density1,300/km2 (3,300/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy55.79 per cent
 • Sex ratio901
Language
 • OfficialHindi[3]
 • Additional officialUrdu[4]
 • RegionalBhojpuri
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
PIN
845401 (East Champaran)[5]
Vehicle registrationBR-05
Major highways
Average annual precipitation1241 mm
Websiteeastchamparan.nic.in

East Champaran district or Purvi Champaran district is an administrative district in the Tirhut division of the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarter is located at Motihari. Prior to 1971, there was a single Champaran District. On 1 December 1971, it was divided into East and West Champaran (Purvi and Paschimi Champaran). In early days the land of East Chamapran was ruled by different kingdoms as Videha, Sunga, Kanvas. It is also believed that Champaran used to be a major part of King Janak's empire. Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Satyagraha movement from here.

About district[edit | edit source]

East Champaran District is functioning from 2 November 1972. The headquarter of the district is at Motihari. It is situated at 26° 16′ to 27° 1′ North latitude and 84° 30′ to 85° 16′ East longitudes. Nepal makes its northern boundary, Sitamarhi and Sheohar eastern while Mehsi, Muzaffarpur South and with part of Gopalganj and West Champaran bounds it in western side.

The district occupies an area of 3,969 km2 (1,532 sq mi) and has a population of 5,099,371 (as of 2011). East Champaran is a part of Tirhut Division.[6] It was earlier part of the Red Corridor.

As of 2011, it is the second most populous district of Bihar (out of 38), after Patna.[7]

East Champaran is the second most crowded district of Bihar. The district gets its name from the union of two words, champa and aranya. Champa alludes to scented blossom trees and Aranya alludes to the home or an encased spot. The name began back in when the district was encircled by a backwoods of magnolia (champa) trees.

Geography[edit | edit source]

The East Champaran district occupies an area of 3,968 square kilometres (1,532 sq mi),[8] comparatively equivalent to Vanuatu's Espiritu Santo.[9] Gandak, Burhi Gandak and Baghmati are important rivers flowing through this region.

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
19011,027,835—    
19111,095,530+0.64%
19211,114,162+0.17%
19311,231,756+1.01%
19411,376,352+1.12%
19511,443,961+0.48%
19611,681,089+1.53%
19711,956,084+1.53%
19812,425,501+2.17%
19913,043,061+2.29%
20013,939,773+2.62%
20115,099,371+2.61%
source:[10]
Religions in East Champaran district (2011)[11]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 80.14%
Islam
 
 19.42%
Other or not stated
 
 0.44%

According to the 2011 census East Champaran district has a population of 5,099,371,[7] roughly equal to the United Arab Emirates[12] or the US state of Colorado.[13] This gives it a ranking of 21st in India (out of a total of 640).[7] The district has a population density of 1,281 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,320/sq mi).[7] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 29.01%.[7] East Champaran has a sex ratio of 901 females for every 1000 males,[7] and a literacy rate of 55.79%. 7.87% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 12.74% and 0.24% of the population respectively.[7]

Languages[edit | edit source]

Languages in East Champaran district (2011)[14]

  Bhojpuri (82.67%)
  Urdu (7.33%)
  Hindi (7.06%)
  'Other' Hindi (2.58%)
  Bengali (0.26%)
  Others (0.1%)

According to the 2011 census, 82.67% of the population spoke Bhojpuri, 7.33% Urdu and 7.06% Hindi as their first language. 2.58% of the population spoke 'Others' under Hindi. The eastern border of the district lies in a transition between Bhojpuri and Bajjika.[14]

Administrative divisions[edit | edit source]

The East Champaran district is divided into 6 Tehsil (sub-division):

  1. Areraj
  2. Chakia
  3. Motihari
  4. Pakaridayal
  5. Raxaul
  6. Sikarahana

Politics[edit | edit source]

This section is transcluded from 18th Bihar Assembly. (edit | history)
District No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks
East Champaran 10 Raxaul Pramod Kumar Sinha BJP NDA
11 Sugauli Rajesh Kumar Lok Janshakti Party
12 Narkatiya Vishal Kumar JD(U)
13 Harsidhi (SC) Krishnanandan Paswan BJP
14 Govindganj Raju Tiwari Lok Janshakti Party
15 Kesaria Shalini Mishra JD(U)
16 Kalyanpur Sachindra Prasad Singh BJP
17 Pipra Shyambabu Prasad Yadav
18 Madhuban Rana Randhir Singh
19 Motihari Pramod Kumar Minister
20 Chiraia Lal Babu Prasad Gupta
21 Dhaka Faisal Rahman RJD Mahagathbandhan

Literature[edit | edit source]

Freedom fighter and author Ramesh Chandra Jha was the first person who penned down the literary history of Champaran. His notable works include Champaran Ki Sahitya Sadhana (चम्पारन की साहित्य साधना) (1958), Champaran:Literature & Literary Writers (चम्पारन: साहित्य और साहित्यकार) (1967) and Apne Aur Sapne:A Literary Journey Of Champaran (अपने और सपने: चम्पारन की साहित्य यात्रा) (1988).[15]

Tourist places[edit | edit source]

Someshwar Nath Mandir, Areraj[edit | edit source]

Someshwar Nath Mahadev Mandir is a well established temple situated in Areraj. The significant divinity of the heavenly temple is of Lord Shiva. Explorers and pilgrims of Lord Shiva go to the holy place from India as well as from Nepal. The merriments on the event of an occasional reasonable known as Shrawani Mela, during July and August, are really pleasant. There are numerous different temples nearby around and thus just, Areraj is known as the holy place of East Champaran.

Ashokan Pillar[edit | edit source]

See also: Pillars of Ashoka
Ashoka Pillar

Ashokan Pillar is situated in Lauria Nandangarh, or Lauriya Navandgarh which is a city or town around 14 km from Narkatiaganj and 28 km from Bettiah in West Champaran district of Bihar state in northern India. It is found near the banks of the Budhi Gandak River. Lauriya Nandangarh is a chronicled place which goes under West Champaran district of Bihar.

Kesariya[edit | edit source]

Kesariya Baudha Stupa

Kesariya is arranged on the eastern banks of the River Gandak and views the enormous 104-feet-tall stupa, which is viewed as the tallest Buddhist stupa. In like manner, Kesariya orders conspicuous situations in East Champaran the travel industry just as history of Buddhism. The stupa was found in the year 1998.

Raxaul[edit | edit source]

Raxaul is one of the most significant towns of the East Champaran district. By excellence of its topographical area, it is known as the Gateway to Nepal.

Moti Jheel[edit | edit source]

Situated in the core of the Motihari city, Moti Jheel is the most excellent fascination of the city that isolates Motihari into two parts.

NREGA Park[edit | edit source]

A lovely and beguiling spot to appreciate with loved ones.

Champaran in Gallary[edit | edit source]

  • Motihari Railway Station, 1906
    Motihari Railway Station, 1906
  • Henry Bazaar(1906), Motihari
    Henry Bazaar(1906), Motihari
  • Birth palace of George Orwell, Motihari
    Birth palace of George Orwell, Motihari
  • The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi paying homage at the statue of Mahatma Gandhi, at Motihari.
    The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi paying homage at the statue of Mahatma Gandhi, at Motihari.
  • Stone Pillar Gandhi Museum
    Stone Pillar Gandhi Museum
  • Lauriya Ashoka Pillar, Areraj
    Lauriya Ashoka Pillar, Areraj

Gandhi Memorial[edit | edit source]

Gandhi Memorial is situated in Chandrahiya town, On his visit to Champaran Gandhiji was stopped in this town. Chandrahiya is around 8 km away from district headquarter Motihari.

Champaran Satyagrah Park[edit | edit source]

The Champaran Satyagraha Shatabdi Park located at the district headquarter of East Champaran. The Park has been built by the Urban Development and Housing office. Neighborhood individuals appreciate the freshness of this park with family, relatives, friends on weekend and holidays.

George Orwell Monument[edit | edit source]

The origin of perhaps the most commended scholars of the 20th century and the writer of a few acclaimed books, George Orwell.

Sitakund[edit | edit source]

Found 16 Kms from Pipra Railway Station, Sitakund is acclaimed as where Goddess Sita took a heavenly plunge.

Stone pillar at the Gandhi Museum

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Collector & District Magistrate - East Champaran". East Champaran District Administration. Retrieved 18 September 2025.
  2. ↑ "Superintendent of Police - East Champaran". East Champaran District Administration. Retrieved 18 September 2025.
  3. ↑ "The Bihar Official Language Act, 1950" (PDF). Cabinet Secretariat Department, Government of Bihar. 1950. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 April 2015. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  4. ↑ Benedikter, Thomas (2009). Language Policy and Linguistic Minorities in India: An Appraisal of the Linguistic Rights of Minorities in India. Münster: LIT Verlag. p. 89. ISBN 978-3-643-10231-7. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
  5. ↑ East Champaran
  6. ↑ "Tirhut Division". tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 "District Census Handbook: East Champaran" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  8. ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7. {{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
  9. ↑ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 18 February 1998. Archived from the original on 3 January 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2011. Espiritu Santo 3,956km2
  10. ↑ "Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Bihar" (PDF). census.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  11. ↑ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  12. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. United Arab Emirates 5,148,664
  13. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Colorado 5,029,196
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  15. ↑ Apne Aur Sapne : Online PDF book at Archive.org

External links[edit | edit source]

Template:Districts of Bihar Template:Tirhut Division


26°39′00″N 84°55′00″E / 26.6500°N 84.9167°E / 26.6500; 84.9167

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