Darbhanga

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Darbhanga
Metropolitan city
Darbhanga images.png
Darbhanga 1.jpg
From top - Darbhanga Fort, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Anandbag Botanical garden, Shyama Mai Mandir, Darbhanga Airport, Night view of Darbhanga Junction railway station
Darbhanga is located in Bihar
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Location in Bihar
Darbhanga is located in India
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Darbhanga (India)
Darbhanga is located in Asia
Darbhanga
Darbhanga
Darbhanga (Asia)
Coordinates: 26°10′N 85°54′E / 26.17°N 85.9°E / 26.17; 85.9Coordinates: 26°10′N 85°54′E / 26.17°N 85.9°E / 26.17; 85.9
Country India
StateBihar
RegionMithila
DistrictDarbhanga
Government
 • TypeMunicipal Corporation
 • BodyDarbhanga Municipal Corporation
 • MayorMunni Devi
 • Deputy MayorBharat Sahani
 • Municipal commissionerManesh Kumar Meena, IAS[1]
 • MPGopal Jee Thakur, BJP
 • MLASanjay Saraogi, BJP
Area
[2]
 • Total19 km2 (7 sq mi)
Elevation
52 m (171 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total380,125
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
 • Additional officialUrdu[3]
 • Regional LanguageMaithili[4]
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
846001–846009[5]
Telephone code06272
ISO 3166 codeIN-BR
Vehicle registrationBR-07
Sex ratio910:1000 ♂/♀
Lok Sabha constituencyDarbhanga
Vidhan Sabha constituencyDarbhanga, Darbhanga Rural, Bahadurpur, Keoti, Jale, Kusheshwar Asthan, Gaura Bauram, Benipur, Alinagar, Hayaghat
Websitedarbhanga.bih.nic.in

Darbhanga is the fifth-largest city and municipal corporation in the Indian state of Bihar situated centrally in Mithila region.

Darbhanga is the headquarters of the Darbhanga district and the Darbhanga division. It was the seat of the erstwhile Khandwala dynasty. It was the capital of Mithila.

Darbhanga is one of the oldest cities in India. Musical, folk art, and literary traditions in Sanskrit and Maithili have been passed down generations in Darbhanga and constitute the city's strong cultural background.[6]

History[edit]

See also: Raj Darbhanga

The city was the capital of the Darbhanga Raj, an estate established in the 16th century, and contains the Anandbagh Palace. It was constituted a municipality in 1864. Darbhanga is home to the Kameshwara Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University (1961), which is located on the grounds of the palace, and the Lalit Narayan Mithila University (1972). Darbhanga has a museum housing archaeological materials, as well as historical and handicrafts exhibits. Darbhanga has been a centre for music since the late 18th century and has produced multiple well-known dhrupad (an ancient form of Indian classical music) musicians. A major rail and road junction, Darbhanga trades in agricultural produce, mangoes, and fish. In addition to food processing, the city has a light manufacturing industry.

Darbhanga is situated on a vast alluvial plain, with low-lying areas containing marshes and lakes. Grains, oilseeds, tobacco, sugarcane, and mangoes are important crops in the region.[7]

Under the British Raj, Darbhanga was a part of Sarkar Tirhut until 1875, when it was constituted into a separate district. Its subdivisions had been constituted earlier – Darbhanga Sadar in 1845, Madhubani in 1866, and Samastipur (then known as Tajpur) in 1867. The city of Darbhanga is said to have been founded by one Darbhangi Khan, about whom practically nothing is known. It is also held that the name Darbhanga is derived from Dwar Banga or Dar-e-Banga, meaning the ‘door of Bengal’. This etymology does not appear to be very correct as the division between Bengal and Bihar has always been held to be further to the east. Nonetheless, the region has a linguistic and cultural affinity with Bengal.[8]

Excavation at Balirajgarh revealed brick fortifications dating back to the 2nd century BC.[9]

Demographics[edit]

Religions in Darbhanga Town
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 71.76%
Muslims
 
 27.76%
Christian
 
 0.18%
Sikh
 
 0.11%
Buddhist
 
 0.01%
Jain
 
 0.01%
Not Stated
 
 0.16%
See also: List of cities in Bihar

The 2011 Census of India recorded Darbhanga as an Urban agglomeration with a population of 380,125 while the surrounding district has 3 million people.[10] It is the 5th largest city in Bihar in terms of the urban population.[11] The city has 196,573 males (52.6%) and 183,552 females (47.4%). Darbhanga has an average literacy rate of 79.40%, with male literacy at 85.08% and female literacy at 73.08%.[12] However, as per the document published on 6 March 2021 by the office of District Magistrate Darbhanga, the urban population of Darbhanga stands 380,125[13]

Transport[edit]

Railways[edit]

Darbhanga Junction

Darbhanga Junction lies on the East Central Railway. It is connected directly to all the major cities of India.

Of the beginning of railway in Darbhanga and its neighbouring areas, The Imperial Gazetteer of India noted:

The famine of 1874 gave a great impetus to the construction of railways, and the District is on the whole well off in the matter of communications. Its southwest corner is traversed for 29 miles by the mainline of the Bengal and North-Western Railway, and also by 25 miles of the new chord-line from Hajipur to Bachwara, which runs parallel to the Ganges embankment from east to west. From Samastipur a line runs to Darbhanga town and there branches off in two directions, the first north-west to Sitamarhi through Kamtaul and Jogiara, and the other due east to Khanwa Ghat on the Kosi (Old Stream) near Pratapganj. The total length of the line within the District is 146 miles. Most of the earthwork for a line from Sakri to Jainagar on the Nepal frontier was completed as relief work during the famine of 1897; and the line, which has now been opened, should tap a large grain supply from Nepal.[14]

Darbhanga Airport[edit]

Darbhanga Airport

Darbhanga also has its own commercial airport which is connected with all the major cities of India.

Darbhanga Airport (IATA: DBR, ICAO: VE89) is a civil enclave at the Darbhanga Air Force Station of the Indian Air Force, 6 kilometres from Darbhanga City near the NH-105 and NH-57 East-West Corridor Expressway which passes through Darbhanga. The civil enclave is operated by the Airports Authority of India (AAI). The foundation stone for the project was laid by Chief Minister Nitish Kumar and then Civil Aviation Minister Suresh Prabhu in the presence of state Civil Aviation Minister Jayant Sinha on 24 December 2018. Commercial flights started on 8 November 2020.[15]

Roadways[edit]

NH 27 which is part of India's East–West highway corridor passes through Darbhanga

Darbhanga is connected to other parts of India by National Highway 27, National Highway 527B and Bihar State highways 50, 56, 88 and 75. Darbhanga is also connected to Madhubani and Sitamarhi.

The East-West Corridor expressway, which connects Porbandar in Gujarat to Silchar in Assam, passes through Darbhanga.

Geography[edit]

Darbhanga is located in the northern part of Bihar.

Climate[edit]

Darbhanga has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa).

Climate data for Darbhanga (1971–1990, extremes 1901–1998)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 30.6
(87.1) 		34.1
(93.4) 		40.6
(105.1) 		43.9
(111.0) 		44.1
(111.4) 		43.6
(110.5) 		39.3
(102.7) 		38.6
(101.5) 		38.6
(101.5) 		39.4
(102.9) 		34.1
(93.4) 		36.6
(97.9) 		44.1
(111.4)
Average high °C (°F) 23.1
(73.6) 		25.8
(78.4) 		31.0
(87.8) 		35.1
(95.2) 		35.0
(95.0) 		34.9
(94.8) 		32.5
(90.5) 		32.8
(91.0) 		32.5
(90.5) 		31.6
(88.9) 		29.0
(84.2) 		24.8
(76.6) 		30.7
(87.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 16.2
(61.2) 		18.4
(65.1) 		23.0
(73.4) 		27.1
(80.8) 		28.2
(82.8) 		28.8
(83.8) 		28.2
(82.8) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.2
(82.8) 		26.5
(79.7) 		22.4
(72.3) 		17.7
(63.9) 		24.4
(75.9)
Average low °C (°F) 9.2
(48.6) 		11.0
(51.8) 		15.1
(59.2) 		19.4
(66.9) 		21.2
(70.2) 		22.9
(73.2) 		23.8
(74.8) 		24.2
(75.6) 		23.8
(74.8) 		21.2
(70.2) 		15.8
(60.4) 		10.6
(51.1) 		18.2
(64.8)
Record low °C (°F) 0.0
(32.0) 		0.0
(32.0) 		4.1
(39.4) 		9.4
(48.9) 		10.6
(51.1) 		11.0
(51.8) 		13.5
(56.3) 		15.5
(59.9) 		13.5
(56.3) 		10.0
(50.0) 		7.2
(45.0) 		2.6
(36.7) 		0.0
(32.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 13
(0.5) 		14
(0.6) 		9
(0.4) 		29
(1.1) 		76
(3.0) 		139
(5.5) 		353
(13.9) 		254
(10.0) 		193
(7.6) 		73
(2.9) 		6
(0.2) 		7
(0.3) 		1,166
(45.9)
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.6 4.6 7.6 16.4 12.2 10.5 3.4 0.5 1.0 63.7
Average relative humidity (%) 68 63 49 56 60 70 78 79 79 73 66 67 67
Source 1: NOAA (1971–1990)[16]
Source 2: India Meteorological Department[17]

Education[edit]

Notable educational institutions include:

Medical colleges[edit]

Platinum Jubilee gate of Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital

University[edit]

Engineering and technology colleges[edit]

Colleges[edit]

Schools.[edit]

Tourism[edit]

See also: Tourism in Bihar

Darbhanga has various tourist attractions and is among the oldest cities of Bihar. Tourist spots include:

and much more....make it one of Bihar's most visited city both by foreign and domestic tourists.

Media and communications[edit]

All India Radio has a 20 kW medium-wave radio station in Darbhanga which transmits various programmes of mass interest and covers a part of North Bihar as well as the Terai of Nepal.[citation needed]

Doordarshan has one DD National and one DD News LPT relay transmitters.[citation needed]

Notable people[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "About Municipal Commissioner of Darbhanga". The Times of India.
  2. ↑ "Darbhanga City".
  3. ↑ "NCLM52ndReport" (PDF). 25 May 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017.
  4. ↑ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  5. ↑ "STD & PIN Codes". Retrieved 23 January 2020.
  6. ↑ "Darbhanga : Heart of Mithilaanchal".
  7. ↑ "Darbhanga | India". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  8. ↑ "History | Welcome to Darbhanga District | India". Retrieved 17 June 2021.
  9. ↑ A., Ghosh (1965). Indian Archaeology:A Review. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India. pp. 3–5.
  10. ↑ "Darbhanga City Population Census 2011-2022 | Bihar".
  11. ↑ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3beed13602b9b0e6ecb5b568ff5058f07/uploads/2021/03/2021030687.pdf Template:Bare URL PDF
  12. ↑ "Census of India: View Population Details". www.censusindia.gov.in. Government of India. 2001. Archived from the original on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  13. ↑ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3beed13602b9b0e6ecb5b568ff5058f07/uploads/2021/03/2021030687.pdf Template:Bare URL PDF
  14. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. ↑ "मिथिलांचल के लिए खुशखबरी! दरभंगा एयरपोर्ट का संचालन शुरू, देखिए अंदर की तस्वीरें". Prabhat Khabar - Hindi News (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  16. ↑ "Darbhanga Climate Normals 1971–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 23 December 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  17. ↑ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  18. ↑ Jha, Binay Kumar (26 January 2021). "Republic Day: Darbhanga 'cycle girl' Jyoti Kumari gets PM's award". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
  19. ↑ "Former President Kalam's close associate scientist Manas Verma dies - The Hindu".

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