Supaul district

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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Supaul.

Coordinates: 25°55′48″N 86°15′00″E / 25.9300°N 86.2500°E / 25.9300; 86.2500

Supaul district
District of Bihar
Koshi Barrage near Supaul border
Koshi Barrage near Supaul border
Location of Supaul district in Bihar
Location of Supaul district in Bihar
Country India
StateBihar
DivisionKosi
HeadquartersSupaul
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesSupaul
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesNirmali, Pipra, Supaul, Triveniganj, Chhatapur
Area
 • Total2,410 km2 (930 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total2,229,076
 • Density920/km2 (2,400/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy72.86 per cent
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH 57, NH 106, NH 107 NH 327E NH 327A SH 91 SH 76 Indo-Nepal border road
Websitesupaul.nic.in

Supaul district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. The town of Supaul is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district occupies an area of 2,410 km2 (931 sq mi). The district was split from the former Saharsa district on 14 March 1991.

History[edit]

Supaul, which was previously a part of Saharsa district, is now part of the Mithila region.[1] Mithila first gained prominence after being settled by Indo-Aryan people, who established the Mithila Kingdom (also called Kingdom of the Videhas).[2]

During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Videha became one of the major political and cultural centers of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Videha Kingdom were called Janakas.[3] The Videha Kingdom was later incorporated into the Vajji confederacy, which had its capital in the city of Vaishali, which is also in Mithila.[4]

Geography[edit]

The Supaul district occupies an area of 2,425 square kilometres (936 sq mi)[5] and is bounded by Nepal to the north, Araria district to the east, Madhepura and Saharsa districts to the south and Madhubani district to the west. The Supaul district is a part of Kosi division. The Koshi River flows through the district, which is regularly affected when it floods.

Education[edit]

Jawahar Navoday Vidyalaya, Pathra (Supaul) is situated 4 km east of the district headquarter. This school is the top in the district in producing brilliant and young minds serving in different parts of India contributing towards the advancement of the nation[citation needed].

R.S.M. Public School is the first self-financed CBSE affiliated school in the district[citation needed].

Williams High School (Now Supaul High School, established 1898), is the oldest school in the district[citation needed].

J K High School Ratauli Jarauli is also a one the oldest public schools in Supaul[citation needed].

A Government Polytechnic College is located in the district.

The Supaul College of Engineering was established in 2017.

Notable people[edit]

Sub-divisions[edit]

The Supaul district comprises the following four sub-divisions:

  • Supaul Sadar
  • Birpur
  • Triveniganj
  • Nirmali

Blocks in Supaul District[edit]

There are a total of eleven blocks in the Supaul District:[9]

  • Basantpur (Parts of Birpur Sub-division)
  • Raghopur (Parts of Birpur Sub-division)
  • Pratapganj (Parts of Birpur Sub-division)
  • Supaul (Parts of Supaul Sadar Sub-division)
  • Kishanpur (Parts of Supaul Sadar Sub-division)
  • Saraigarh-Bhaptiyahi (Parts of Supaul Sadar Sub-division)
  • Pipra (Parts of Supaul Sadar Sub-division)
  • Triveniganj (Parts of Triveniganj Sub-division)
  • Chhatapur (Parts of Triveniganj Sub-division)
  • Nirmali (Parts of Nirmali Sub-division)
  • Marauna (Parts of Nirmali Sub-division)

Polity[edit]

Supaul Lok Sabha is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. This constituency came into existence in 2008 as a part of the implementation of delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002.

Economy[edit]

Agriculture is the major occupation of this district and Paddy is the main crop.

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Supaul as one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[9] It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[9] From December 2012, Bivha International Child Fund has funded education in Supaul (koshi division). Several programs are funded for education, agriculture from Bivha International School, Bivha Rural Development fund, national banks, NABARD, & World Bank. A dairy farm, which produce approximately 100,000 litres of milk per day, has been also established by Bivha Corporation in Simrahi Bazar (Supaul). There is also an egg farm, which produces approximately 20,000 eggs per day, It is established by M/S Koshi egg layer farm in parsauni village (Supaul).[10][11] Pamal foundation started operation from its base center located at Bivha Business Center, Simrahi.

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901350,636—    
1911361,484+0.31%
1921349,040−0.35%
1931369,329+0.57%
1941372,219+0.08%
1951431,547+1.49%
1961663,339+4.39%
1971854,589+2.57%
19811,087,762+2.44%
19911,342,841+2.13%
20011,732,578+2.58%
20112,229,076+2.55%
source:[12]
Religions in Supaul District
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 81.20%
Muslims
 
 18.36%
Not Stated
 
 0.23%
Christian
 
 0.17%
Sikh
 
 0.01%
Buddhist
 
 0.01%
Jain
 
 0.02%

According to the 2011 census the Supaul district had a population of 2,229,076,[13] roughly equal to the nation of Latvia[14] or the US state of New Mexico.[15] This gives it a ranking of 204th in India (out of a total of 640) districts.[13] The district has a population density of 919 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,380/sq mi).[13] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 28.62%.[13] Supaul has a sex ratio of 925 females for every 1000 males,[13] and a literacy rate of 59.65%.[13]

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 76.31% of the population in the district spoke Maithili, 12.84% Hindi, 9.30% Urdu and 1.25% Bengali as their first language.[16]

Urban and Rural Supaul[edit]

Supaul District urban population 2011[edit]

Out of the total population of Supaul for 2011 census, 4.74 percent lives in urban regions of district. In total 105,558 people lives in urban areas of which males are 55,788 and females are 49,770. The sex ratio in urban region of the Supaul district is 892 as per 2011 census data. Similarly sex ratio of children in the Supaul district was 932 in 2011 census. Child population (ages 0–6) in urban region was 17,654 of which males and females were 9,140 and 8,514. The number of children in Supaul district is 16.38% of total urban population. The average literacy rate in the Supaul district as per census 2011 is 72.74%, of which males and females are 80.78% and 63.64% literates respectively. The exact figure of 63,939 people are literate in the urban regions, of which males and females number 37,684 and 26,255 respectively.

Supaul District rural population 2011[edit]

As per 2011 census, 95.26% population of the Supaul districts live in rural areas/villages. The total number of people in the Supaul district living in rural areas is 2,123,518 of which males and females number 1,099,495 and 1,024,023 respectively. In rural areas of the Supaul district, sex ratio is 931 females per 1000 males. If the sex ratio of children in the Supaul district is considered, the figure is 945 girls per 1000 boys. Child population of the age 0-6 is 419,703 in rural areas of which males were 215,813 and females were 203,890. The children comprise 19.63% of total rural population of the Supaul district. The literacy rate in rural areas of the Supaul district is 56.89% as per census data 2011. Sex wise, male and female literacy stood at 69.03 and 43.82 percent respectively. In total, 969,344 people were literate of which males and females were 609,988 and 359,356 respectively.[17]

Culture[edit]

The well-known historical and religious place, namely Durga Sthan, parsarma lies in the Supaul district and it is only 10 km (6 mi) away from the district headquarters.

Vishnu Mandir, temple based on south indian architecture and dedicated to lord Vishnu has become a major tourist destination in the district. This adds a south Indian essence to the Mithila culture of the area. It is situated on the national highway 106.

Transportation[edit]

  • Supaul is well-connected to other cities by road by the two national highways that pass through it. Namely, 106 and 57. NH57 connects Supaul to major cities such as Silchar, Gauhati Siliguri, Forbesganj, Mujjafarpur, Gorakhpur, Lucknow, Ahmedabad and Porbandar. There are regular buses to the state's capital Patna and the national capital, Delhi.
  • Currently rail transport is available across the whole district. It has previously been Narrow-gauge railway connecting to Saharsa and Forbesganj, but is currently undergoing conversion to broad gauge. It is planned to be connected to Forbesganj, Saharasa Darbhanga, Mujjafarpur, and numerous other cities across India.
  • The former Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee prompted the foundation of New Kosi Mahasetu Bridge in 2002, which was washed away in heavy flood and severe India-Nepal earthquake in 1934. The new bridge was inaugurated in 2020 by Narendra Modi which was constructed at a cost of Rs. 516 crore. The length of the bridge is 1.9 km. Forbesganj, Saharasa and Raghopur - Saraigarh DEMU became first trains to cross this bridge.[18][19][20]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=A0i94Z5C8HMC&lpg=PA30&pg=PA27&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Archived 2018-03-20 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ Michael Witzel (1989), Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143
  3. ↑ Witzel, M. (1989). "Tracing the Vedic dialects". In Caillat, C. (ed.). Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes. Paris: Fondation Hugot. pp. 141–143.
  4. ↑ Hemchandra, R. (1972). Political History of Ancient India. Calcutta: University of Calcutta.
  5. ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7. {{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
  6. ↑ https://hindi.news18.com/news/bihar/supaul-homecoming-of-famous-bollywood-singer-udit-narayan-after-30-years-1287190.html
  7. ↑ https://in.news.yahoo.com/success-encourage-youth-bihar-designer-govind-singh-20110225-024558-216.html
  8. ↑ https://www.zeebiz.com/personal-finance/news-credit-cards-cloning-debit-cards-fraud-this-is-how-to-keep-your-money-safe-bank-atm-otp-number-90055
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  10. ↑ Sanjay Kant (2012). "Bivha Child Fund came ahead for education". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ↑ Sen, Geeta; Rojgar Media Publication House, Rojgar Media Publication House (2016). Ahuja, Ashok (ed.). "Skilling & Employment - Pamal Foundation starts funding for skilling in Supaul". News (in नेपाली). No. 1 (Bihar ed.). Patna: Rojgar Media Publication House. Rojgarmedia. [dead link]
  12. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-06-11. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  14. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison: Population". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-01. Latvia 2,204,708 July 2011 est.
  15. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2011-09-30. New Mexico - 2,059,179
  16. ↑ 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
  17. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2013-10-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)></"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2013-10-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. ↑ "86 year old dream comes true! PM Modi inaugurates Indian Railways' Kosi Rail Mahasetu in Bihar". The Financial Express. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  19. ↑ "Here's why Bihar's Kosi Rail Mahasetu is historic in many ways". India TV. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  20. ↑ "PM Modi to inaugurate 1.9-km long Kosi Rail Mahasetu today". DNA India. Retrieved October 29, 2020.

External links[edit]

Template:Supaul district Template:Kosi Division Template:Districts of Bihar Template:Kosi Division topics

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