List of butterflies of Kerala

Created by Leschnei

Last edited March 15, 2022

This is a list of butterfly species found in the Kerala, India.

Family: Papilionidae[edit | edit source]

Subfamily: Papilioninae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Graphium (swordtails, bluebottles and jays)[edit | edit source]

Graphium agamemnon (tailed jay)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Graphium antiphates (fivebar swordtail)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Graphium doson (common jay)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Graphium nomius (spot swordtail)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Graphium teredon (southern / narrow-banded bluebottle)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Pachliopta (red-bodied swallowtail, roses)[edit | edit source]

Pachliopta aristolochiae (common rose)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Pachliopta hector (crimson rose)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs
Prepupa
Pupa

Pachliopta pandiyana (Malabar rose)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Papilio (swallowtails, mimes)[edit | edit source]

Papilio buddha (Malabar banded peacock)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Papilio clytia (common mime)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (Form clytia)
Dorsal view (Form dissimilis)
Ventral view (Form clytia)
Ventral view (Form dissimilis)
Prepupa
Pupa

Papilio crino (common banded peacock)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Papilio demoleus (lime butterfly)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Papilio dravidarum (Malabar raven)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Papilio helenus (red Helen)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Papilio liomedon (Malabar banded swallowtail)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva
Pupa

Papilio paris (Paris peacock)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Papilio polymnestor (blue Mormon)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Papilio polytes (common Mormon)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Ventral view (male)
Dorsal view (female, form stichius)
Ventral view (female, form stichius)
Dorsal view (female, form romulus)
Ventral view (female, form romulus)
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Troides (birdwings)[edit | edit source]

Troides minos (southern birdwing)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa
Pupa

Family: Pieridae[edit | edit source]

Subfamily: Coliadinae (yellows)[edit | edit source]

Genus: Catopsilia (emigrants)[edit | edit source]

Catopsilia pomona (common emigrant)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Catopsilia pyranthe (mottled emigrant)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Eggs
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Colias (clouded yellows)[edit | edit source]

Colias nilagiriensis (Nilgiri clouded yellow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)

Genus: Eurema (grass yellows)[edit | edit source]

Eurema andersonii (one-spot grass yellow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Eurema blanda (three-spot grass yellow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs
Larvae

Eurema brigitta (small grass yellow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Eurema hecabe (common grass yellow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Eurema laeta (spotless grass yellow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Eurema nilgiriensis (Nilgiri grass yellow)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view
Ventral view

Subfamily: Pierinae (whites)[edit | edit source]

Genus: Appias (puffins and albatrosses)[edit | edit source]

Appias albina (common albatross)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Form semiflava (female)
Mud puddling

Appias indra (plain puffin)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Appias lalage (spot puffin)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Appias libythea (striped albatross)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Eggs

Appias lyncida (chocolate albatross)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Appias wardii (Indian / Ward's albatross)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Belenois (pioneers)[edit | edit source]

Belenois aurota (pioneer)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Cepora (gulls)[edit | edit source]

Cepora nadina (lesser gull)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Cepora nerissa (common gull)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Pupa

Genus: Colotis (Arabs)[edit | edit source]

Colotis amata (small salmon Arab)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs

Colotis aurora (plain orange-tip)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Error creating thumbnail: File missing

Ventral view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (female)

Colotis danae (crimson-tip)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva

Colotis etrida (little orange-tip)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Colotis fausta (large salmon Arab)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Ventral view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (female)

Genus: Delias (Jezebels)[edit | edit source]

Delias eucharis (common Jezebel)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Hebomoia (great orange tips)[edit | edit source]

Hebomoia glaucippe (great orange tip)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Ixias (Indian orange tips)[edit | edit source]

Ixias marianne (white orange tip)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Ixias pyrene (yellow orange tip)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Leptosia (Psyche)[edit | edit source]

Leptosia nina (Psyche)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Pareronia (wanderers)[edit | edit source]

Pareronia ceylanica (dark wanderer)[edit | edit source]

Male, Dorsal view
Ventral view

Pareronia hippia (common wanderer)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Dorsal view (female, form philomela)
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Eggs
Prepupa
Pupa

Genus: Pieris (whites)[edit | edit source]

Pieris canidia (Indian cabbage white)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Prioneris (sawtooths)[edit | edit source]

Prioneris sita (painted sawtooth)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view
Wing images of Prioneris sita and Delias eucharis

Family: Nymphalidae[edit | edit source]

Subfamily: Apaturinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Euripus (courtesans)[edit | edit source]

Euripus consimilis (painted courtesan)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Pupa

Genus: Rohana (princes)[edit | edit source]

Rohana parisatis (black prince)[edit | edit source]

Male (dorsal view)
Female (dorsal view)
Male (ventral view)
Female (ventral view)
Pupa

Subfamily: Biblidinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Ariadne (castors)[edit | edit source]

Ariadne ariadne (angled castor)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Ariadne merione (common castor)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Byblia (jokers)[edit | edit source]

Byblia ilithyia (joker)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Subfamily: Charaxinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Charaxes (rajahs and nawabs)[edit | edit source]

Charaxes agrarius (anomalous nawab)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view with one apical spot missing (left)
Ventral view
Ventral view

Charaxes athamas/bharata (common/Indian nawab)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Chrysalis

Charaxes psaphon (plain tawny rajah)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)

Charaxes schreiber (blue nawab)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Charaxes solon (black rajah)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva

Subfamily: Cyrestinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Cyrestis (maps)[edit | edit source]

Cyrestis thyodamas (common map)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Subfamily: Danainae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Danaus (tigers)[edit | edit source]

Danaus chrysippus (plain tiger)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Dorsal view (form alcippoides)
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Danaus genutia (common/striped tiger)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Euploea (crows)[edit | edit source]

Euploea core (common crow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Euploea klugii (king crow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Euploea sylvester (double-branded crow)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Idea (tree nymphs)[edit | edit source]

Idea malabarica (Malabar tree nymph)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Parantica (glassy tigers)[edit | edit source]

Parantica aglea (glassy tiger)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Parantica nilgiriensis (Nilgiri tiger)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Tirumala (blue tigers)[edit | edit source]

Tirumala limniace (blue tiger)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Tirumala septentrionis (dark blue tiger)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Subfamily: Heliconiinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Acraea (costers)[edit | edit source]

Acraea terpsicore/violae (tawny coster)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Argynnis (fritillaries)[edit | edit source]

Argynnis hyperbius (Indian fritillary)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Larva

Genus: Cethosia (lacewings)[edit | edit source]

Cethosia nietneri mahratta (Tamil lacewing)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva
Chrysalis

Genus: Cirrochroa (yeomen)[edit | edit source]

Cirrochroa thais (Tamil yeoman)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva
Error creating thumbnail: File missing

Pupa

Genus: Cupha (rustics)[edit | edit source]

Cupha erymanthis (rustic)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Phalanta (leopards)[edit | edit source]

Phalanta alcippe (small leopard)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Phalanta phalantha (common leopard)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg

Genus: Vindula (cruisers)[edit | edit source]

Vindula erota (cruiser)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Subfamily: Libytheinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Libythea (beaks)[edit | edit source]

Libythea laius (lobed beak)[edit | edit source]

Libythea myrrha (club beak)[edit | edit source]

Collected specimen
Ventral view

Subfamily: Limenitidinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Athyma (sergeants)[edit | edit source]

Athyma nefte inara (colour sergeant)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Athyma perius (common sergeant)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Athyma ranga (blackvein sergeant)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Athyma selenophora (staff sergeant)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Dophla (dukes)[edit | edit source]

Dophla evelina (red-spot duke)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Euthalia (barons)[edit | edit source]

Euthalia aconthea (common baron)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (female)
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Euthalia lubentina (gaudy baron)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva

Euthalia nais/Symphaedra nais (baronet)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Euthalia telchinia (blue baron)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Moduza (commanders)[edit | edit source]

Moduza procris (commander)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Neptis (sailers)[edit | edit source]

Neptis clinia (clear sailer)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Neptis/Phaedyma columella (shortbanded sailer)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Neptis hylas (common sailer)[edit | edit source]

Error creating thumbnail: File missing

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg

Neptis jumbah (chestnut-streaked sailer)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Neptis nata (sullied sailer)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Neptis soma (creamy sailer)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Neptis/Lasippa viraja (yellowjack sailer)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view

Genus: Pantoporia (lascars)[edit | edit source]

Pantoporia hordonia (common lascar)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Pantoporia sandaka (extra lascar)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view

Genus: Parthenos (clippers)[edit | edit source]

Parthenos sylvia (clipper)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Tanaecia (counts)[edit | edit source]

Tanaecia lepidea (grey count)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Subfamily: Nymphalinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Doleschallia (autumn leaves)[edit | edit source]

Doleschallia bisaltide (autumn leaf)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Hypolimnas (eggflies)[edit | edit source]

Hypolimnas bolina (great eggfly)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Larva
Pupa

Hypolimnas misippus (Danaid eggfly)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Form inaria (female)
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Junonia (pansies)[edit | edit source]

Junonia almana (peacock pansy)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)

Junonia atlites (grey pansy)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Mating pair

Junonia hierta (yellow pansy)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Junonia iphita (chocolate pansy)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg

Junonia lemonias (lemon pansy)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (wet-season form)
Dorsal view (dry-season form)
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)
Pupa

Junonia orithya (blue pansy)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Pupa

Genus: Kallima (oakleaves)[edit | edit source]

Kallima horsfieldii (South-Indian/Sahyadri blue oakleaf)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Genus: Kaniska[edit | edit source]

Kaniska canace (blue admiral)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Genus: Vanessa (admirals, ladies)[edit | edit source]

Vanessa cardui (painted lady)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Vanessa indica (Indian red admiral)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Larva case

Subfamily: Satyrinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Amathusia (palmkings)[edit | edit source]

Amathusia phidippus (palmking)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view
Pupa

Genus: Discophora (duffers)[edit | edit source]

Discophora lepida (southern duffer)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Elymnias (palmflies)[edit | edit source]

Elymnias caudata (tailed palmfly)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Heteropsis[edit | edit source]

Heteropsis/Telinga adolphei (redeye bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Heteropsis/Telinga davisoni (Palni bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Genus: Lethe (treebrowns)[edit | edit source]

Lethe drypetis (Tamil treebrown)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Lethe europa (bamboo treebrown)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view (male)
Dorsal view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Dorsal view (female)
Eggs
Larva
Pupa

Lethe rohria (common treebrown)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Melanitis (evening browns)[edit | edit source]

Melanitis leda (common evening brown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)
Larva
Pupa

Melanitis phedima (dark evening brown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (wet-season form)
Dorsal view (dry-season form)
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)

Melanitis zitenius (great evening brown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Mycalesis (bushbrowns)[edit | edit source]

Mycalesis anaxias (whitebar bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)

Mycalesis igilia (small longbrand bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Mycalesis mineus (dark branded bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Mycalesis/Telinga oculus (red-disc bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Mycalesis orcha (pale-brand bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Mycalesis patnia junonia (glad-eye bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Chrysalis

Mycalesis perseus (common bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Mycalesis subdita (Tamil bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Illustration

Mycalesis visala (long-brand bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view
Brand on the underside of the forewing
Brand on the upperside of the hindwing

Genus: Orsotriaena[edit | edit source]

Orsotriaena medus (dark grass-brown / smooth-eyed bushbrown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
mating pair

Genus: Parantirrhoea[edit | edit source]

Parantirrhoea marshalli (Travancore evening brown)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Ypthima (rings)[edit | edit source]

Ypthima asterope (common threering)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Ypthima baldus (common fivering)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)

Ypthima ceylonica (white fourring)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Ypthima chenu (Nilgiri fourring)[edit | edit source]

Illustarion
Dorsal view

Ypthima huebneri (common fourring)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Ypthima singala (Sinhalese fivering)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Ypthima striata (Nilgiri jewel fourring)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Ypthima philomela/tabella (baby fivering)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Chrysalis

Ypthima ypthimoides (Palni fourring)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Zipaetis (catseyes)[edit | edit source]

Zipaetis saitis (Tamil catseye)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Family: Riodinidae[edit | edit source]

Subfamily: Nemeobiinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Abisara (Judies)[edit | edit source]

Abisara bifasciata (double-banded Judy)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Abisara echerius (plum Judy)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Family: Lycaenidae[edit | edit source]

Subfamily: Curetinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Curetis (sunbeams)[edit | edit source]

Curetis acuta (angled sunbeam)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Curetis siva (Shiva sunbeam)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Curetis thetis (Indian sunbeam)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Subfamily: Miletinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Spalgis (apeflies)[edit | edit source]

Spalgis epius (apefly)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Subfamily: Polyommatinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Acytolepis (hedge blues)[edit | edit source]

Acytolepis lilacea (Hampson's hedge blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen

Acytolepis puspa (common hedge blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Anthene (ciliate blues)[edit | edit source]

Anthene emolus (ciliate blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Anthene lycaenina (pointed ciliate blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Azanus (babul blues)[edit | edit source]

Azanus jesous (African babul blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Azanus ubaldus (bright babul blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Azanus uranus (dull babul blue)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Genus: Caleta[edit | edit source]

Caleta decidia (angled Pierrot)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Castalius[edit | edit source]

Castalius rosimon (common Pierrot)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Catochrysops[edit | edit source]

Catochrysops panormus (silver forget-me-not)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Catochrysops strabo (forget-me-not)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Celastrina[edit | edit source]

Celastrina lavendularis (plain hedge blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Genus: Celatoxia[edit | edit source]

Celatoxia albidisca (white-disc hedge blue)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Chilades[edit | edit source]

Chilades lajus (lime blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)

Chilades parrhasius (small cupid)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Discolampa[edit | edit source]

Discolampa ethion (banded blue Pierrot)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Euchrysops[edit | edit source]

Euchrysops cnejus (gram blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Everes[edit | edit source]

Everes lacturnus (Indian cupid)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Freyeria[edit | edit source]

Freyeria putli (small grass jewel)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Freyeria trochylus (grass jewel)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Genus: Ionolyce[edit | edit source]

Ionolyce helicon (pointed lineblue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Genus: Jamides (ceruleans)[edit | edit source]

Jamides alecto (metallic cerulean)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Jamides bochus (dark cerulean)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Jamides celeno (common cerulean)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimens
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Lampides[edit | edit source]

Lampides boeticus (peablue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Leptotes[edit | edit source]

Leptotes plinius (zebra blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Luthrodes[edit | edit source]

Luthrodes pandava (plains cupid)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Megisba[edit | edit source]

Megisba malaya (Malayan)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view
Dorsal view

Genus: Nacaduba[edit | edit source]

Nacaduba beroe (opaque six-line blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Nacaduba berenice (rounded six-line blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen

Nacaduba calauria (dark Ceylon six-line blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen

Nacaduba hermus (pale four-line blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Nacaduba kurava (transparent six-line blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Nacaduba pactolus (large four-line blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Neopithecops[edit | edit source]

Neopithecops zalmora (Quaker)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Genus: Petrelaea[edit | edit source]

Petrelaea dana (dingy lineblue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Prosotas (lineblues)[edit | edit source]

Prosotas dubiosa (tailless lineblue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva and Pupa

Prosotas nora (common lineblue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Prosotas noreia (white-tipped lineblue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Pseudozizeeria (lineblues)[edit | edit source]

Pseudozizeeria maha (pale grass blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Talicada[edit | edit source]

Talicada nyseus (red Pierrot)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Tarucus[edit | edit source]

Tarucus ananda (dark Pierrot)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Tarucus callinara (spotted Pierrot)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Tarucus nara (striped Pierrot)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Udara[edit | edit source]

Udara akasa (white hedge blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Genus: Zizeeria[edit | edit source]

Zizeeria karsandra (dark grass blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Zizina[edit | edit source]

Zizina otis (lesser grass blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Zizula[edit | edit source]

Zizula hylax (tiny grass blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Subfamily: Theclinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Amblypodia[edit | edit source]

Amblypodia anita (purple leaf blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Ancema[edit | edit source]

Ancema blanka (silver royal)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Arhopala[edit | edit source]

Arhopala abseus (aberrant oakblue)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Arhopala alea (Kanara oakblue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Arhopala amantes (large oakblue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Chrysalis

Arhopala atrax (Indian oakblue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Ventral view

Arhopala bazaloides (Tamil oakblue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Arhopala centaurus (centaur oakblue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Genus: Bindahara[edit | edit source]

Bindahara phocides (plane)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Catapaecilma[edit | edit source]

Catapaecilma major (common tinsel)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Larva
Larva attended by ant

Genus: Cheritra[edit | edit source]

Cheritra freja (common imperial)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Creon[edit | edit source]

Creon cleobis (broadtail royal)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Genus: Deudorix[edit | edit source]

Deudorix epijarbas (cornelian)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Horaga[edit | edit source]

Horaga onyx (common onyx)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Horaga viola (brown onyx)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Genus: Hypolycaena[edit | edit source]

Hypolycaena nilgirica (Nilgiri tit)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Hypolycaena othona (orchid tit)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Genus: Iraota[edit | edit source]

Iraota timoleon (silverstreak blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Loxura[edit | edit source]

Loxura atymnus (yamfly)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Pratapa[edit | edit source]

Pratapa deva (white royal)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen

Genus: Rachana[edit | edit source]

Rachana jalindra (banded royal)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Rapala[edit | edit source]

Rapala iarbus (common red flash)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Rapala lankana (Malabar flash)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Rapala manea (slate flash)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Larva
Pupa

Rapala varuna (indigo flash)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Genus: Rathinda[edit | edit source]

Rathinda amor (monkey puzzle)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Mating pair
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Surendra[edit | edit source]

Surendra vivarna biplagiata (acacia blue)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Tajuria[edit | edit source]

Tajuria cippus (peacock royal)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Tajuria jehana (plains blue royal)[edit | edit source]

Illustration

Tajuria maculata (spotted royal)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen

Tajuria melastigma (branded royal)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen

Genus: Thaduka[edit | edit source]

Thaduka multicaudata (many-tailed oak-blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Virachola[edit | edit source]

Virachola isocrates (common guava blue)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view
Larva
Pupa
Pupa

Virachola perse (large guava blue)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Zeltus[edit | edit source]

Zeltus amasa (fluffy tit)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Zesius[edit | edit source]

Zesius chrysomallus (redspot)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view

Genus: Zinaspa[edit | edit source]

Zinaspa todara (silver streaked acacia blue)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Subfamily: Aphnaeinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Cigaritis[edit | edit source]

Cigaritis abnormis (abnormal silverline)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Cigaritis elima (scarce shot silverline)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Ventral view

Cigaritis ictis (common shot silverline)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Cigaritis lilacinus (lilac silverline)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Cigaritis lohita (long banded silverline)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view (wet-season form)
Ventral view (dry-season form)

Cigaritis schistacea (plumbeous silverline)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Illustration

Cigaritis vulcanus (common silverline)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Family: Hesperiidae[edit | edit source]

Subfamily: Coeliadinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Badamia[edit | edit source]

Badamia exclamationis (brown awl)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Bibasis[edit | edit source]

Bibasis sena (orange-tailed awlet)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Genus: Burara[edit | edit source]

Burara gomata (pale green awlet)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Burara jaina (orange awlet)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Chrysalis

Genus: Choaspes[edit | edit source]

Choaspes benjaminii (Indian awlking)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Hasora[edit | edit source]

Hasora badra (common awl)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Hasora chromus (common banded awl)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Eggs
Larva

Hasora taminatus (white banded awl)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Hasora vitta (plain banded awl)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Museum specimen
Error creating thumbnail: File missing

Ventral view

Subfamily: Hesperiinae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Aeromachus[edit | edit source]

Aeromachus dubius (dingy scrub-hopper)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Aeromachus pygmaeus (pygmy scrub-hopper)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Ampittia[edit | edit source]

Ampittia dioscorides (bush hopper)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view (male)
Dorsal view (female)
Ventral view (male)
Ventral view (female)

Genus: Arnetta[edit | edit source]

Arnetta mercara (Coorg forest hopper)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Arnetta vindhiana (Vindhyan bob)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva and pupa

Genus: Baoris[edit | edit source]

Baoris farri (paintbrush swift)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Baracus[edit | edit source]

Baracus vittatus (hedge hopper)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Borbo[edit | edit source]

Borbo bevani (Beavan's swift)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Borbo cinnara (rice swift)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Caltoris[edit | edit source]

Caltoris canaraica (Kanara swift)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view
Ventral view

Caltoris kumara (blank swift)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Caltoris philippina (Philippine swift)[edit | edit source]

Illustration

Genus: Cephrenes[edit | edit source]

Cephrenes acalle (plain palm dart)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Cupitha[edit | edit source]

Cupitha purreea (wax dart)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Genus: Erionota[edit | edit source]

Erionota torus (rounded palm-redeye)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view

Genus: Gangara[edit | edit source]

Gangara thyrsis (giant redeye)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva (second instar)
Larva (final instar)
Pupa

Genus: Halpe[edit | edit source]

Halpe homolea (Indian ace)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view
Dorsal view

Halpe porus (Moore's ace)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Hyarotis[edit | edit source]

Hyarotis adrastus (tree flitter)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Hyarotis microstictum (brush flitter)[edit | edit source]

Ventral view

Genus: Iambrix[edit | edit source]

Iambrix salsala (chestnut bob)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg

Genus: Matapa[edit | edit source]

Matapa aria (common redeye)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Notocrypta[edit | edit source]

Notocrypta curvifascia (restricted demon)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Notocrypta paralysos (common banded demon)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Oriens[edit | edit source]

Oriens concinna (Tamil dartlet)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Error creating thumbnail: File missing

Ventral view

Oriens goloides (Ceylon dartlet)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Parnara[edit | edit source]

Parnara bada (Oriental/variable swift)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Pelopidas[edit | edit source]

Pelopidas agna (dark/obscure branded swift)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Pelopidas conjuncta (conjoined swift)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Pelopidas mathias (small branded swift)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Pelopidas subochracea (large branded swift)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Polytremis[edit | edit source]

Polytremis lubricans (contiguous swift)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Potanthus[edit | edit source]

Potanthus confucius (Chinese dart)[edit | edit source]

Potanthus pallida (pallid dart)[edit | edit source]

Potanthus palnia (Palni dart)[edit | edit source]

Potanthus pava (Pava dart)[edit | edit source]

Potanthus pseudomaesa (Indian dart)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Psolos[edit | edit source]

Psolos fuligo (dusky partwing/coon)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva

Genus: Quedara[edit | edit source]

Quedara basiflava (golden flitter)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Salanoemia[edit | edit source]

Salanoemia sala (maculate lancer)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Ventral view

Genus: Sovia[edit | edit source]

Sovia hyrtacus (bicolour/white-branded ace)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Suastus[edit | edit source]

Suastus gremius (Indian palm bob)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Ventral view
Egg

Suastus minuta (small palm bob)[edit | edit source]

Illustration

Genus: Taractrocera[edit | edit source]

Taractrocera ceramas (Tamil grass dart)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Taractrocera maevius (common grass dart)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Ventral view

Genus: Telicota[edit | edit source]

Telicota bambusae (dark palm dart)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Pupa

Telicota colon (pale palm dart)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view

Genus: Thoressa[edit | edit source]

Thoressa astigmata (southern spotted ace)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Thoressa evershedi (Evershed's ace)[edit | edit source]

Illustration

Thoressa honorei (Madras ace)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Lateral view
Larva
Chrysalis

Thoressa sitala (Tamil ace)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Udaspes[edit | edit source]

Udaspes folus (grass demon)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Zographetus[edit | edit source]

Zographetus ogygia (purple-spotted flitter)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Subfamily: Pyrginae[edit | edit source]

Genus: Caprona[edit | edit source]

Caprona agama (spotted angle)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view (DSF)
Dorsal view (WSF)
Ventral view (WSF)

Caprona alida (Alida angle)[edit | edit source]

Illustration

Caprona ransonnetii (golden angle)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva

Genus: Celaenorrhinus[edit | edit source]

Celaenorrhinus ambareesa (Malabar spotted flat)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Chrysalis

Celaenorrhinus leucocera (common spotted flat)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Egg
Larva
Pupa

Celaenorrhinus putra (restricted spotted flat)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Celaenorrhinus ruficornis fusca (Tamil spotted flat)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view

Genus: Coladenia[edit | edit source]

Coladenia indrani (tricolour pied flat)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Gerosis[edit | edit source]

Gerosis bhagava (common yellowbreast flat)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Gomalia[edit | edit source]

Gomalia elma (African marbled skipper)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Odontoptilum[edit | edit source]

Odontoptilum angulata (chestnut angle)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view
Dorsal view
ventral view

Genus: Pseudocoladenia[edit | edit source]

Pseudocoladenia dan (fulvous pied flat)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Sarangesa[edit | edit source]

Sarangesa dasahara (common small flat)[edit | edit source]

Illustration
Dorsal view

Sarangesa purendra (spotted small flat)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Spotted small flat laying eggs on Lepidagathis keralensis at Madayipara

Genus: Spialia[edit | edit source]

Spialia galba (Indian skipper)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view

Genus: Tagiades[edit | edit source]

Tagiades gana (large/suffused snow flat)[edit | edit source]

Museum specimen
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

Tagiades japetus (common snow flat)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Mating pair

Tagiades litigiosa (water snow flat)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view
Ventral view
Larva case
Larva
Pupa

Genus: Tapena[edit | edit source]

Tapena thwaitesi (black angle)[edit | edit source]

Dorsal view (wet-season form)
Dorsal view (dry-season form)
Ventral view
Larva
Pupa

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

Linnaeus, Carl (1758). Systema Naturae (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Halae Magdeburgicae: Typis et sumtibus Io. Iac. Curt. p. 458.
Drury, Dru; Westwood, John Obadiah (1773). Illustrations of Exotic Entomology. Westwood, J. O. (John Obadiah).
Fabricius, Johann Christian (1775). Systema Entomologiae. Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae : In Officina Libraria Kortii.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
Cramer, Pieter; Stoll, Caspar (1775–1782). De uitlandsche kapellen, voorkomende in de drie waereld-deelen Asia, Africa en America. Amsteldam: Chez S.J. Baalde.
Boisduval, Jean Baptiste; Guenée, Achille (1836–57). Histoire naturelle des insectes. Spécies général des lépidoptères. Paris: Roret.
Hügel, Charles von; Kollar, Vincenz (1840). Kaschmir und das Reich der Siek: Aufzählung und Beschreibung der von Freih. Carl v. Hügel auf seiner Reise durch Kaschmir und das Himalayagebirge gesammelten Insekten. Stuttgart, Hallberger. pp. 393–564, 582–585.
Delessert, Adolphe (1843). Souvenirs d´un voyage dans l´Inde exécuté de 1834 à 1839. Paris: Bétrune et Plon for Fortin, Masson et Cie & Langlois et Leclerq.
Doubleday, Edward; Westwood, John Obadiah; Hewitson, William Chapman (1846–1850). The Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera: Comprising Their Generic Characters, a Notice of Their Habits and Transformations, and a Catalogue of the Species of Each Genus. Vol. I. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
Doubleday, Edward; Westwood, John Obadiah; Hewitson, William Chapman (1850–1852). The Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera: Comprising Their Generic Characters, a Notice of Their Habits and Transformations, and a Catalogue of the Species of Each Genus. Vol. II. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
Moore, Frederic; Horsfield, Thomas (1857). A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company. Vol. I. London: W.H. Allen and Co.
Moore, Frederic; Horsfield, Thomas (1858–1859). A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company. Vol. II. London: W.H. Allen and Co.
Felder, Baron Cajetan von; Felder, Rudolf (1859). Lepidopterologische Fragmente. Carl Gerold's Sohn. pp. 390–405.
Felder, Baron Cajetan von; Felder, Rudolf; Rogenhofer, Alois Friedrich (1867). Reise Fregatte Novara. Lepidoptera. Three volumes (1865-1867) (PDF). Carl Gerold's Sohn.
Felder, Rudolf (1868). "Diagnose neuer von E. Baron v. Ransonnet in Vorder-Indien gesammelter Lepidopteren". Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft in Wien. 18 (1): 281–286.
Butler, Arthur Gardiner (1868). Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera of the Family Satyridae in the Collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History). Dept. of Zoology.
Butler, Arthur Gardiner (1869). Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera Described by Fabricius in the Collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History). Dept. of Zoology.
Kirby, William Forsell (1871). A Synonymic Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera. London: J. Van Voorst.
Kirby, William Forsell (1871–1877). A Synonymic Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera. Supplement. London: J. Van Voorst.
Butler, Arthur Gardiner (1874). Lepidoptera Exotica. London: E.W. Janson.
Hewitson, William C. & Moore, Frederic (1879). Descriptions of New Indian Lepidopterous Insects: From the Collection of the Late Mr. W.S. Atkinson, M.A., F.L.S., &c. The Asiatic Society of Bengal. OCLC 9625544 – via Internet Archive.
Moore, Frederic (1880). The Lepidoptera of Ceylon. Vol. I. London: L. Reeve & co.
G. F. L., Marshall; Nicéville, Lionel de (1882). The Butterflies of India, Burmah and Ceylon. Vol. I, II, III. Calcutta: Central Press Co., ld.
Wood-Mason, James; Nicéville, Lionel de (1887). "List of the lepidopterous insects collected in Cachar by Mr. J. Wood-Mason". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 55: 343–393.
Moore, Frederic; Swinhoe, Charles (1890–1913). Lepidoptera Indica (10 volumes). London: Lovell Reeve and Co.
Hampson, G. F. (1888). Butterflies of the Nilgiri District. Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal. pp. 346–368.
Hampson, G. F. (1891). Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum. VIII: The Lepidoptera of the Nilgiri District. British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology.
Watson, E. Y. (1891). Hesperiidae Indicae: Being a Reprint of Descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon. Madras: Vest and Company.
Davidson, J.; Bo, C S; Aitken, E H (1890). "Notes on the Larvae and Pupae of Butterflies of the Bombay Presidency". The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 5. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society: 260–286, 349–375.
Rothschild, Lionel Walter (1895). Novitates Zoologicae. Vol. II. A Revision of the Papilios of the Eastern Hemisphere, Exclusive of Africa. London: Natural History Museum at Tring. pp. 167–463.
Davidson, J.; Bell, T R; Aitken, E H (1896). "The butterflies of the North Canara District of the Bombay Presidency. I, II, III". The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 10. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society: 237–259, 372–393, 568–584.
Davidson, J.; Bell, T R; Aitken, E H (1897). "The butterflies of the North Canara District of the Bombay Presidency. IV". The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 11. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society: 22–63.
Bingham, C. T. (1905). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Butterflies Volume I. London: Taylor & Francis. - Family Nymphalidae
Bingham, C. T. (1907). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Butterflies Volume II. London: Taylor & Francis. - Families Papilionidae, Pieridae and Lycaenidae
Young, L. C. H. (1906–1907). "The Common Butterflies of the Plains of India". The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 16–17. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society: 570–579. Vol. 17: 418-424, 921-927.
Bell, Thomas Reid Davys (1909–1927). "The Common Butterflies of the Plains of India (Including Those Met with in the Hill Stations of the Bombay Presidency)". The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 19–31. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. Vol. 19: 16-58, 438-474, 635-682, 846-879, Vol. 20: 279-330, 1115-1136, Vol. 21: 517-544, 740-766, 1131-1157, Vol. 22: 92-100, 320-344, 517-531, Vol. 23: 73-103, 481-497, Vol. 24: 656-672, Vol. 25: 430-453, 636-664, Vol. 26: 98-140,438-487, 750-769, 941-954, Vol. 27: 26-32, 211-227, 431-447, 778-793, Vol: 29: 429-455, 703-717, 921-946, Vol. 30: 132-150, 285-305, 561-586, 822-837, Vol. 31: 323-351, 655-686, 951-974.
Yates, J.A. (1931). "The Butterflies of Coorg". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 34 (4): 1003–1014 – via BHL.
Yates, J.A. (1931). "The Butterflies of Coorg - II". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 35 (1): 104–114 – via BHL.
Evans, W. H. (1932). The Identification of Indian Butterflies (2nd ed.). Mumbai, India: Bombay Natural History Society.
Sevastopulo, D G (1938–1947). "The early stages of Indian Lepidoptera". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 40–46 – via BHL.
Talbot, G. (1939). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Butterflies Volume I (2 ed.). London: Taylor & Francis. Family: Papilionidae, Pieridae
Talbot, G. (1947). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Butterflies Volume II (2 ed.). London: Taylor & Francis. Family: Danaidae, Satyridae, Amathusiidae and Acraeidae
Evans, W. H. (1949). A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum. London: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology.
Evans, W. H. (1957). "A revision of the Arhopala group of Oriental Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera)". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). 5. London: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology: 85–141. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.1508.
Wynter-Blyth, Mark Alexander (1957). Butterflies of the Indian Region. Bombay, India: Bombay Natural History Society. ISBN 978-8170192329.
Hemming, Arthur Francis (1967). The Generic Names of the Butterflies and Their Type-Species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). London: British Museum (Natural History). pp. 5–509.
Eliot, John Nevill (1973). "The higher classification of the Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera): a tentative arrangement". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). 28. London: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology: 371–505. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.11171.
D'Abrera, Bernard (1982). Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part 1: Papilionidae, Pieridae & Danaidae. Melbourne: Hill House Publishers.
D'Abrera, Bernard (1983). Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part 2: Nymphalidae, Satyridae, Amathusidae. Melbourne: Hill House Publishers.
D'Abrera, Bernard (1986). Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part 3: Lycaenidae, Riodinidae. Melbourne: Hill House Publishers.
Larsen, T. B. (1987–88). "The butterflies of the Nilgiri Mountains of southern India (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera)". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 84 (3): 26-54, 291-316, 560-584 & 85 (1): 26-43.
Yata, Osamu (1989–1995). "A Revision of the Old World Species of the Genus Eurema Hubner (Lepidoptera, Pieridae). Part I." (PDF). Bulletin of the Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History.; Part II; Part III; Part IV; Part V
Gaonkar, Harish (1995). An Annotated Bibliography of the Butterflies of the Indian Region, Including Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and North Burma. OCLC 488215574.
Gaonkar, Harish (1996). Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka) - A Biodiversity Assessment of a Threatened Mountain System. Bangalore, India: Centre for Ecological Sciences.
Honey, Martin R.; Scoble, Malcolm J. (2001). "Linnaeus's butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 132 (3): 277–399. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb01326.x.
Vane-Wright, R. I.; de Jong, R. (2003). "The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna". Zoologische Verhandelingen. 343: 3–267.
Gasse, Paul Van (2013). "Butterflies of India – Annotated Checklist" (PDF). Flutters. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-04-02. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
R.K., Varshney; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.
Kehimkar, Isaac (2016). Butterflies of India (2016 ed.). Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. ISBN 9789384678012.
Kasambe, Raju (2018). Butterflies of Western Ghats (Second ed.). ISBN 978-93-5300-856-7.
Ravikanthachari Nitin; V.C. Balakrishnan; Paresh V. Churi; S. Kalesh; Satya Prakash; Krushnamegh Kunte (2018-04-10). "Larval host plants of the buterfies of the Western Ghats, India". Journal of Threatened Taxa. 10 (4): 11495–11550. doi:10.11609/jott.3104.10.4.11495-11550.
Bhakare, Milind; Ogale, Hemant (2018). A Guide to Butterflies of Western Ghats (India) Includes Butterflies of Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat state (May 2018 ed.). Mumbai: Self. pp. x+496. ISBN 9789353115425.

External links[edit | edit source]

Butterflies of India. Indian Foundation for Butterflies.
India Biodiversity Portal. Biodiversity Informatics Platform.
Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C. "The Global Lepidoptera Names Index (LepIndex)". The Natural History Museum, London.
Robinson, G. S.; Ackery, P. R.; Kitching, I. J.; Beccaloni, G. W.; Hernández, L. M. "HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants". The Natural History Museum, London.
Ziegler, Heiner. "Lepidoptera Literature & Authors". Euroleps.
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society hosted at Yale

List of butterflies of Kerala

Family: Papilionidae

Subfamily: Papilioninae	Genus: Graphium Pachliopta Papilio Troides

Family: Pieridae

Subfamily: Coliadinae	Genus: Catopsilia Colias Eurema
Subfamily: Pierinae	Genus: Appias Belenois Cepora Colotis Delias Hebomoia Ixias Leptosia Pareronia Pieris Prioneris

Family: Nymphalidae

Subfamily: Apaturinae	Genus: Euripus Rohana
Subfamily: Biblidinae	Genus: Ariadne Byblia
Subfamily: Charaxinae	Genus: Charaxes
Subfamily: Cyrestinae	Genus: Cyrestis
Subfamily: Danainae	Genus: Danaus Euploea Idea Parantica Tirumala
Subfamily: Heliconiinae	Genus: Acraea Argynnis Cethosia Cirrochroa Cupha Phalanta Vindula
Subfamily: Libytheinae	Genus: Libythea
Subfamily: Limenitidinae	Genus: Athyma Dophla Euthalia Moduza Neptis Pantoporia Parthenos Tanaecia
Subfamily: Nymphalinae	Genus: Doleschallia Hypolimnas Junonia Kallima Kaniska Vanessa
Subfamily: Satyrinae	Genus: Amathusia Discophora Elymnias Heteropsis Lethe Melanitis Mycalesis Orsotriaena Parantirrhoea Ypthima Zipaetis

Family: Riodinidae

Subfamily: Nemeobiinae	Genus: Abisara

Family: Lycaenidae

Subfamily: Curetinae	Genus: Curetis
Subfamily: Miletinae	Genus: Spalgis
Subfamily: Polyommatinae	Genus: Acytolepis Anthene Azanus Caleta Castalius Catochrysops Celastrina Celatoxia Chilades Discolampa Euchrysops Everes Ionolyce Jamides Lampides Leptotes Megisba Nacaduba Neopithecops Petrelaea Prosotas Pseudozizeeria Talicada Tarucus Udara Zizeeria Zizina Zizula
Subfamily: Theclinae	Genus: Amblypodia Ancema Arhopala Bindahara Catapaecilma Cheritra Creon Deudorix Horaga Hypolycaena Iraota Loxura Pratapa Rachana Rapala Rathinda Spindasis Surendra Tajuria Thaduka Virachola Zeltus Zesius Zinaspa

Family: Hesperiidae

Subfamily: Coeliadinae	Genus: Badamia Bibasis Burara Choaspes Hasora
Subfamily: Hesperiinae	Genus: Aeromachus Ampittia Arnetta Baoris Baracus Borbo Caltoris Cephrenes Cupitha Erionota Gangara Halpe Hyarotis Iambrix Matapa Notocrypta Oriens Parnara Pelopidas Polytremis Potanthus Psolos Quedara Salanoemia Sovia Suastus Taractrocera Telicota Thoressa Udaspes Zographetus
Subfamily: Pyrginae	Genus: Caprona Celaenorrhinus Coladenia Gerosis Gomalia Odontoptilum Pseudocoladenia Sarangesa Spialia Tagiades Tapena

Government
Politics

Demographics
Economy
Religion

Arts Architecture Cuisine Kalarippayattu Literature Sarpam Thullal Triumvirate poets Vallamkali
Dance / Drama / Cinema	Kathakali Kolkali Koodiyattam Mohiniyattam Margamkali Ottamthullal Theyyam Cinema of Kerala
Festivals	Vishu Onam Pooram
Languages	Malayalam Malayalam calendar Mappila dialect Suriyani Malayalam Judeo-Malayalam Irula language
Music	Chenda (Thayambaka) Kolkali Panchari melam Panchavadyam Sopanam
Organisations/Agencies	NSS SNDP

Seal of Kerala State of Kerala

Capital: Thiruvananthapuram

Symbols

Bird: Great hornbill
Animal: Indian elephant
Tree: Coconut
Flower: Golden rain
Fish: Karimeen
Fruit: Jackfruit
Insect: Papilio buddha

Municipal Corporations

Other towns

North	Edappal Tavanur Angadipuram Mankada Kuttippuram Karipur Areekode Wandoor Vengara Vallikkunnu Olavanna Kunnamangalam Thamarassery Thiruvambady Kodencheri Balussery Perambra Nadapuram Kuttiady Lakkidi Vythiri Chundale Meppadi Kottappadi Muttil Padinharethara Meenangadi Panamaram Pulpally Peravoor Dharmadom Anjarakkandy Muzhappilangad Azhikode Cherukunnu Pappinisseri Kalliasseri Irikkur Alakode Trikaripur Cheruvathur Bekal Udma Vellarikundu Parappa Karadka Kumbla Mangalpady Uppala Manjeshwar
Central	Peermade Vandiperiyar Kumily Rajakkad Munnar Devikulam Adimali Kolenchery Puthencruz Kunnathunad Kalady Malayattoor Chottanikkara Udayamperoor Varappuzha Sreemoolanagaram Nedumbassery Mala Kodakara Puthukkad Manaloor Pavaratty Chelakkara Vadakkencherry Alathur Nemmara Puthunagaram Malampuzha Sreekrishnapuram Lakkidi-Perur Thrithala
South	Parassala Balaramapuram Kattakada Chirayinkeezhu Kilimanoor Parippally Chathannoor Kottiyam Kundara Neendakara Chavara Oachira Sasthamkotta Kunnathur Anchal Kadakkal Pathanapuram Thenmala Kulathupuzha Kozhencherry Konni Ranni Mallapally Kumbanad Aranmula Kulanada Omallur Vadasserikara Parumala Mannar Charummoodu Ambalappuzha Mararikulam Aroor Kanjirappally Erumely Mundakayam Vazhoor Karukachal Pampady Puthuppally Kuravilangad Uzhavoor Thalayolaparambu Kaduthuruthy

Historical regions

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