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[[File:Ram Vilas Paswan (cropped).jpg|right|200px]]
{{short description|Indian politician}}
'''Ram Vilas Paswan''' (5 July 1946 – 8 October 2020) was an Indian politician. He was born in [[Khagaria]], [[Bihar]].  
{{EngvarB|date=June 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Ram Vilas Paswan
| image              = Ram Vilas Paswan addressing a press conference on four years achievements of the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, in New Delhi.JPG
| image_size          = 260px
| caption            =
| birth_date          = {{Birth date|1946|7|5|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Khagaria]], [[Bihar Province|Bihar]], British India
| death_date          = {{death date and age|2020|10|8|1946|7|5|df=y}}
| death_place        = [[New Delhi]], India
| office              = [[Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution|Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution]]
| primeminister      = [[Narendra Modi]]
| term_start          = 26 May 2014
| term_end            = 8 October 2020
| predecessor        = [[Sharad Pawar]]
| successor          = [[Piyush Goyal]]
| office1            = [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
| term_start1        = 28 June 2019
| term_end1          = 8 October 2020
| constituency1      = [[Bihar]]
| predecessor1        = [[Ravi Shankar Prasad]]
| successor1          = [[Sushil Kumar Modi]]
| term_start2        = July 2010<ref name= rajyasabha>{{cite web|title=Rajya Sabha members  |url=http://164.100.47.5/newmembers/Website/Main.aspx|publisher= [[National Informatics Centre]], New Delhi and Rajya Sabha|access-date=9 April 2013}}</ref>
| term_end2          = 2014
| constituency2      = [[Bihar]]
| predecessor2        =
| successor2          =
| office3            = [[Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers (India)|Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers]]<ref name= rajyasabha />
| term_start3        = 23 May 2004
| term_end3          = 22 May 2009
| primeminister3      = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| predecessor3        = [[Sunder Lal Patwa]]
| successor3          = [[M. K. Alagiri]]
| office4            = [[Minister of Mines (India)|Minister of Mines]]<ref name= rajyasabha />
| term_start4        = 1 September 2001
| term_end4          = 29 April 2002
| primeminister4      = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| predecessor4        = [[Sunder Lal Patwa]]
| successor4          = [[Uma Bharti]]
| office5            = [[Minister of Communications and Information Technology (India)|Minister of Communications and Information Technology]]<ref name= rajyasabha />
| primeminister5      = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| term_start5        = 13 October 1999
| term_end5          = 1 September 2001
| predecessor5        = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| successor5          = [[Pramod Mahajan]]
| office6 = [[Leader of the House (Lok Sabha)|Leader of House in Lok Sabha]]
| term_start6    = 4 Jun 1996
| term_end6      = 4 December 1997
| predecessor6  = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| successor6    = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| office7            = [[Minister of Railways (India)|Minister of Railways]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irfca.org/docs/railway-ministers.html |title=List of Minister of Railways of India on Indian Railways Fan Club website |publisher= Indian Railways Fan Club|access-date=9 April 2013}}</ref>
| primeminister7      = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]<br />[[I. K. Gujral]]
| term_start7        = 1 June 1996
| term_end7          = 19 March 1998
| predecessor7        = [[C. K. Jaffer Sheriff]]
| successor7          = [[Nitish Kumar]]
| office8            = [[Minister of Labour and Welfare]]
| primeminister8      = [[Vishwanath Pratap Singh]]
| term_start8        = 5 December 1989
| term_end8          = 10 November 1990
| predecessor8        = [[Bindeshwari Dubey]]
| successor8          = [[K. Chandrasekhar Rao]]
| office9            = [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| term_start9        = 2014
| term_end9          = 2019
| constituency9      = [[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hajipur]]
| predecessor9        = [[Ram Sundar Das]]
| successor9          = [[Pashupati Kumar Paras]]
| term_start10        = 1996
| term_end10          = 2009
| constituency10      = [[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hajipur]]
| predecessor10      = [[Ram Sundar Das]]
| successor10        = [[Ram Sundar Das]]
| term_start11        = 1991
| term_end11          = 1996
| constituency11      = [[Rosera (Lok Sabha constituency)|Rosera]]
| predecessor11      = [[Dasai Chowdhary]]
| successor11        = [[Pitambar Paswan]]
| term_start12        = 1989
| term_end12          = 1991
| constituency12      = [[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hajipur]]
| predecessor12      = [[Ram Ratan Ram]]
| successor12        = [[Ram Sundar Das]]
| term_start13        = 1977
| term_end13          = 1984
| constituency13      = [[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hajipur]]
| predecessor13      = [[Ramshekhar Prasad Singh]]
| successor13        = [[Ram Ratan Ram]]
| party              = [[Lok Janshakti Party]]
| otherparty          = [[Janata Dal]], [[Janata Party]]
| awards              = [[Padma Bhushan]] (2021) (posthumously)
| spouse              = {{marriage|Rajkumari Devi|1969|1981|reason=divorce}}<br/>{{marriage|Reena Sharma|1982|2020}}
| children            = 4; including [[Chirag Paswan|Chirag Kumar Paswan]]
| residence          = [[Khagaria]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]
| education          =
| alma_mater          = [[Patna University]] ([[M.A]], [[LLB]])
| website            =
| footnotes          =
| date                = 30 May
| year                = 2019
| source              = https://web.archive.org/web/20060619230245/http://164.100.24.208/ls/lsmember/biodata.asp?mpsno=296
}}


He was a member of the [[Janata Party]]. He was a member of the [[Lok Sabha]] between 1977 to 1984, 1989 to 1991, 1991 to 1996, 1996 to 2009 and from 2014 to 2019. He was also a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]] between 2010 to 2014 and from 2019 until his death.
'''Ram Vilas Paswan''' (5 July 1946{{spnd}}8 October 2020)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ram-vilas-paswan-dalit-face-at-the-centre-dies-after-long-innings/articleshow/78563578.cms | title=Ram Vilas Paswan, Dalit face at the Centre, dies after long innings | work=[[The Times of India]] | date=9 October 2020 | access-date=9 October 2020}}; {{Cite web|date=8 October 2020|title=Ram Vilas Paswan, union minister, passes away at 74|url=https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/ram-vilas-paswan-union-minister-passes-away-11602170143859.html|access-date=8 October 2020|website=mint|language=en}}</ref> was an Indian politician from [[Bihar]] and the Cabinet Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution in the [[First Modi ministry|first]] and [[Second Modi ministry|second]] Modi ministries. Paswan was also the president of the [[Lok Janshakti Party]], nine-times [[Lok Sabha]] member and [[Rajya Sabha]] [[Member of Parliament|MP]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bihar-elections-ram-vilas-paswan-remained-a-facilitator-never-the-face-280760-2015-07-05|title=Bihar elections: Ram Vilas Paswan remained a facilitator, never the face|first1=Amitabh |last1=Srivastava|date=5 July 2015|work=India Today|access-date=18 December 2019}}</ref> He started his political career as member of [[Samyukta Socialist Party]] and was elected to the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] in 1969. Later, Paswan joined [[Lok Dal]] upon its formation in 1974, and became its general secretary. He opposed the [[Indian Emergency|emergency]], and was arrested during this period. He first entered the [[Lok Sabha]] in 1977, as a [[Janata Party]] member from [[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hajipur]] constituency, and was elected again in 1980, 1989, 1991 (from Rosera), 1996, 1998, 1999, 2004 and 2014.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ram Vilas Paswan|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/topic/ram-vilas-paswan|access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0" />


Paswan was [[Ministry of Labour and Employment (India)|Minister of Labour]] between 1989 to 1990. From 1996 to 1998, he was [[Minister of Railways (India)|Minister of Railways]]. He was [[Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India)|Minister of Communications and Information Technology]] between 1999 to 2001.
In 2000, Paswan formed the [[Lok Janshakti Party]] (LJP) as its president. Subsequently, in 2004, he joined the ruling [[United Progressive Alliance]] government and remained a Union Minister in [[Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers (India)|Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers]] and [[Ministry of Steel (India)|Ministry of Steel]]. He was posthumously awarded India's third highest civilian award the [[Padma Bhushan]] in 2021.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1692337 |title=Padma Awards 2021 announced |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs | access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/shinzo-abe-tarun-gogoi-ram-vilas-paswan-among-padma-award-winners-complete-list/articleshow/80453596.cms |title=Shinzo Abe, Tarun Gogoi, Ram Vilas Paswan among Padma Award winners: Complete list |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=25 January 2021 |access-date=25 January 2021}}</ref>


He was [[Minister of Mines (India)|Minister of Mines]] between 2001 to 2002. He was [[Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers|Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers]] between 2004 to 2009. He also was [[Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution|Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution]] between 2014 to 2020.
He was known for holding cabinet positions under 7 governments. He was known as the weatherman of Indian politics.
==Early life and education==
Paswan was born in a [[Dusadh|Dusad]] a [[Dalit]] family on 5 July 1946 in Shaharbanni, [[Khagaria district]] of [[Bihar]] to Jamun Paswan and Siya Devi.<ref name="LSProfile">{{cite web |title=Current Lok Sabha Members Biographical Sketch |url=http://164.100.24.208/ls/lsmember/biodata.asp?mpsno=296 |access-date=27 August 2020 |date=19 June 2006|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060619230245/http://164.100.24.208/ls/lsmember/biodata.asp?mpsno=296|archive-date = 19 June 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/ram-vilas-dalit-face-wherever-you-go-manjhi-can-be-mahadalit-face/|title=Ram Vilas Dalit face wherever you go, Jitan Ram Manjhi can be Mahadalit face|date=29 July 2015}}</ref> Paswan held [[Bachelor of Laws]] and [[Master of Arts]] degrees from Kosi College, Khagaria and [[Patna University]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://pib.nic.in/profile/cabinet/20050601/ramvilaspaswan.asp |title=PIB :: Profiles |work=pib.nic.in |access-date=8 November 2011}}</ref> He had been selected as a DSP in Bihar police in 1969.<ref>{{Cite tweet|number=713721656754057217|title=1969 मे मेरा DSP मे और MLA दोनो मे एक साथ चयन हुआ।तब मेरे एक मित्र नेपूछा कि बताओ Govt बनना है या Servant ?बस तभी मैंने राजनीति ज्वाइन कर ली|user=irvpaswan|date=26 March 2016|access-date=16 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Srivastava |first1=Amitabh |title=Ram Vilas Paswan: The Weather God |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/ram-vilas-paswan-the-weather-god-1543528-2019-06-06 |access-date=15 August 2020 |work=India Today |date=6 June 2019 |language=en}}</ref>


Paswan died on 8 October 2020 in [[New Delhi]] from problems caused by [[heart]] [[surgery]], aged 74.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ram Vilas Paswan, Union Consumer Affairs Minister, Dies at 74 Days After Undergoing Heart Surgery {{!}} LIVE|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/ram-vilas-paswan-dies-live-updates-union-consumer-affairs-minister-demise-at-74-days-after-undergoing-heart-surgery-at-delhi-hosp-2944599.html|access-date=8 October 2020|website=News18|language=en}}</ref>
==Political career==
[[File:Shri Ram Vilas Paswan in his office after taking over the charge as the Union Minister of Chemicals & Fertilizers in New Delhi on May 24, 2004.jpg|thumb|Ram Vilas Paswan in his office after taking charge as the Union Minister of Chemicals & Fertilizers in New Delhi on 24 May 2004|left]]


Paswan was elected to the Bihar state legislative assembly in 1969<ref>{{cite web | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/ram-vilas-paswan-a-kingmaker-who-outlasted-many-kings/articleshow/78560919.cms | title=Ram Vilas Paswan: A kingmaker who outlasted many kings | publisher=[[The Economic Times]] | date=9 October 2020 | access-date=9 October 2020}}</ref> as a member of the [[Samyukta Socialist Party]] (''"United Socialist Party"'') from [[Alauli (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Alauli]], a reserved constituency. He lost 1972 Vidhan Sabha election from Alauli to Shri Mishri Sada of Congress.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bihar Assembly Election Results in 1972 |url=https://www.elections.in/bihar/assembly-constituencies/1972-election-results.html |website=Elections in India |access-date=10 February 2021}}</ref> In 1974, as an ardent follower of [[Raj Narain]] and [[Jayaprakash Narayan]] Paswan became the general secretary of the [[Lok Dal]]. He was personally close to the prominent leaders of anti-emergency like [[Raj Narain]], [[Karpoori Thakur]] and [[Satyendra Narayan Sinha]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Avinash|date=10 September 2015|title=Bihar Assembly Elections 2015: Know your leader Profile - Ram Vilas Paswan|url=https://www.oneindia.com/feature/bihar-ram-vilas-paswan-political-journey-1864995.html|access-date=8 October 2020|website=One India|language=en}}</ref>
In 1975, when [[Indian Emergency|emergency]] was proclaimed in India, Paswan was arrested and spent the entire period in jail. On being released in 1977, he became a member of the [[Janata Party]]<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.mkgandhi.org/jpnarayan/total_revolution.htm|title=Total Revolution|publisher=archive|access-date=2 December 2006}}</ref> and won election to [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] for the first time on its ticket from [[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hajipur]] with a record margin (later broken) of 424,000 and 89.3% votes which is perhaps an all-time record for General Election in India. Former PM Narasimha Rao got a higher percentage of vote in a 1991 bye-poll. When Janata Party split in 1979, he joined Charan Singh's faction. Paswan was re-elected to the 7th [[Lok Sabha]] in 1980 from Hajipur constituency as Janata Party (Socialist) candidate. In 1983, he established the Dalit Sena, an organisation for [[Dalit (outcaste)|Dalit]] emancipation and welfare. The Dalit Sena was later headed by his brother [[Ram Chandra Paswan]] . Later It was renamed as [[Scheduled Caste]] sena in a vein similar to the Scheduled Caste federation established by [[Bhim Rao Ambedkar]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/opinion/bihar-has-ram-vilas-lost-his-revolutionary-zeal-and-love-for-dalits|title=Bihar: Has Paswan lost his revolutionary zeal and love for Dalits? |first=Soroor |last=Ahmed |date=11 September 2018 |work=National Herald|access-date=5 October 2020}}</ref> Paswan lost 1984 Lok Sabha election from Hajipur.<ref>{{cite web |title=1984 India General (8th Lok Sabha) Elections Results |url=https://www.elections.in/parliamentary-constituencies/1984-election-results.html |website=www.elections.in |access-date=10 February 2021}}</ref>
Paswan was elected to the 9th Lok Sabha in 1989 and was appointed Union Minister of Labour and Welfare in the [[Vishwanath Pratap Singh]] government.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Ram Vilas Paswan {{!}} Indian politician|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ram-Vilas-Paswan|access-date=8 October 2020|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> He was elected to Lok Sabha from [[Rosera (Lok Sabha constituency)]] in 1991, the only time between 1977 and 2014 when he did not contest from Hajipur. In 1996, he won again from Hajipur, and he even led the ruling alliance or [[Proposition (politics)|Proposition]] in the Lok Sabha as the [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] was a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]]. This was also the year when Paswan first became the Union Railway Minister. He continued to hold that post till 1998.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nair|first=Sobhana K.|date=8 October 2020|title=Ram Vilas Paswan obituary {{!}} Dalit leader who wore many a hat|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ram-vilas-paswan-obituary-dalit-leader-who-wore-many-a-hat/article32807109.ece|access-date=8 October 2020|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Thereafter, Paswan was the Union [[telecommunication|Communications]] Minister from October 1999 to September 2001 when he was shifted to the Coal Ministry, the portfolio he held till April 2002.<ref>{{Cite news|date=26 March 2009|title=Ram Vilas Paswan|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/election-news/key-contestants/story/ram-vilas-paswan-42748-2009-03-26|access-date=8 October 2020|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref>
In 2000, Paswan broke from the [[Janata Dal (United)|Janata Dal]], to form the [[Lok Janshakti Party]] (LJP). He resigned as minister and left the ruling NDA in 2002 after developing differences with BJP. Following the [[2004 Lok Sabha elections]],<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nair|first=Sobhana K.|date=8 October 2020|title=Ram Vilas Paswan obituary {{!}} Dalit leader who wore many a hat|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ram-vilas-paswan-obituary-dalit-leader-who-wore-many-a-hat/article32807109.ece|access-date=8 October 2020|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Paswan joined the [[United Progressive Alliance]] government and was made the Union Minister in [[Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers (India)|Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers]] and [[Ministry of Steel (India)|Ministry of Steel]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Ram Vilas Paswan - New Cabinet Minister Who Has Worked Under 6 PMs|url=https://www.ndtv.com/people/pm-modi-cabinet-ram-vilas-paswan-new-cabinet-minister-who-has-worked-under-6-pms-2045662|access-date=8 October 2020|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>
In the February 2005 Bihar State elections, Paswan's party LJP along with the Indian National Congress contested the election. The result was that no particular party or alliance could form a government by itself. However, Paswan consistently refused to support either Lalu Prasad Yadav, whom he accused of being extremely corrupt, or the right-wing [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] thereby creating a stalemate.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Madhav|first=Sanjay Kumar & Neel|date=18 August 2020|title=In Bihar, a balancing act: on poll alliances|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/in-bihar-a-balancing-act-on-poll-alliances/article32379523.ece|access-date=8 October 2020|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> This stalemate was broken when [[Nitish Kumar]] succeeded in persuading 12 members of Paswan's party to defect; to prevent the formation of a government supported by LJP defectors, the Governor of Bihar, [[Buta Singh]] dissolved the state legislature and called for fresh elections, keeping Bihar under [[President's Rule]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050524/main1.htm|access-date=8 October 2020|website=www.tribuneindia.com}}</ref> In the November 2005 Bihar state elections, Paswan's third-alliance was utterly devastated; the Laloo Yadav-Congress alliance reduced to a minority and the NDA formed the new government.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 October 2020|title=Ram Vilas Paswan: Stalwart of socialist movement and Bihar's foremost Dalit leader|url=https://zeenews.india.com/india/ram-vilas-paswan-stalwart-of-socialist-movement-and-bihars-foremost-dalit-leader-2315838.html|access-date=8 October 2020|website=Zee News|language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Politicians campaing in Mumbai - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg|thumb|Paswan together with [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]] (center) and [[Amar Singh (politician)|Amar Singh]] (left) at a party rally in [[Mumbai]] during the [[2009 Indian general election|2009 general elections]].|alt=|left]]
Paswan has declared that the Bihar state elections have no influence on the [[Government of India|Central Government]], which will continue with both him and Laloo Yadav as ministers.
Paswan has served as a Union Minister under five different Prime Ministers and continuously held a cabinet berth in all the [[Council of Ministers of the Republic of India|Council of Ministers]] formed since 1996 (as of 2015). He was also part of all the national coalitions (the [[United Front (India)|United Front]], the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] and the [[United Progressive Alliance]]), which have formed the Indian Government from 1996 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampbiodata.php
| title= Details of Member: Shri Ram Vilas Paswan
| publisher=archive
| access-date=12 February 2009
}}
</ref>
For the [[2009 Indian general election]] Paswan forged an alliance with [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]] and his [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]], while dumping their erstwhile coalition partner and leader of the [[United Progressive Alliance]], the [[Indian National Congress]] from the new alliance. The duo was later joined by [[Mulayam Singh]]'s [[Samajwadi Party]] and were declared the Fourth Front.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Joshi|first=Poornima|title=Obituary {{!}} Ram Vilas Paswan (1946-2020): A man for all seasons|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/obituary-ram-vilas-paswan-1946-2020-a-man-for-all-seasons/article32806759.ece|access-date=8 October 2020|website=@businessline|language=en}}</ref> Paswan lost the elections from [[Hajipur]] to the [[Janata Dal (United)|Janata Dal]]'s Ram Sundar Das, a former [[Chief Minister]] of [[Bihar]] for the first time in 33 years.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ram Vilas Paswan|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/topic/ram-vilas-paswan|access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref> His party the [[Lok Janshakti Party]] was not able to win any seats in the [[15th Lok Sabha]], while his coalition partner Yadav and his party too failed to perform well and were reduced to 4 seats.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 October 2020|title=Ram Vilas Paswan: Stalwart of socialist movement and Bihar's foremost Dalit leader|url=https://zeenews.india.com/india/ram-vilas-paswan-stalwart-of-socialist-movement-and-bihars-foremost-dalit-leader-2315838.html|access-date=8 October 2020|website=Zee News|language=en}}</ref>
Paswan was elected as member of [[16th Lok Sabha]] after the [[2014 Indian general election]] from [[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hajipur]] constituency when he contested in alliance with BJP, while his son Chirag Paswan won from [[Jamui (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jamui]] constituency also in Bihar.<ref name=":2">{{cite web | title = LJP chief Ram Vilas Paswan, son Chirag Paswan win |work=Daily News & Analysis | url = http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-ljp-chief-ram-vilas-paswan-son-chirag-paswan-win-1989065|date=16 May 2014| access-date = 18 May 2014 }}</ref>
Paswan was again given charge of the [[Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution]] in May 2014, which continued in [[Second Modi ministry]] in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/shrewd-politician-bjps-dalit-face-ram-vilas-paswan-to-head-ministry-of-consumer-affairs-in-modi-2-0-cabinet-2165097.html|title=Shrewd Politician, BJP's Dalit Face Ram Vilas Paswan to Head Ministry of Consumer Affairs in Modi 2.0 Cabinet|website=News18|date=31 May 2019|access-date=31 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=PM Modi allocates portfolios. Full list of new ministers |url=https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/pm-modi-allocates-portfolios-full-list-of-new-ministers-1559288502067.html |work=[[Live Mint]] |date=31 May 2019 }}</ref> He was elected to Rajya Sabha in 2019 with the help of BJP though his own party had only 2 MLAs in the state assembly.
==Personal life==
Paswan married Rajkumari Devi in 1960s. In 2014, he disclosed that he had divorced her in 1981, after his Lok Sabha nomination papers were challenged.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Madan |title=Ram Vilas Paswan discloses divorce with first wife |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Ram-Vilas-Paswan-discloses-divorce-with-first-wife/articleshow/34083143.cms |access-date=18 December 2019 |work=The Times of India |date=23 April 2014 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="bp">{{cite web|title=Ram Vilas Paswan says he divorced first wife Rajkumari Devi in 1981 |url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/04/ram-vilas-paswan-says-he-divorced-first-wife-rajkumari-devi-in-1981/|work=IANS|date=22 April 2014|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|access-date=23 April 2014}}</ref> Paswan had two daughters from first wife, Usha and Asha.<ref name="bp"/><ref>{{Cite news|last=Tripathi|first=Piyush|date=14 September 2018|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/will-fight-against-dad-in-ls-polls-ram-vilas-daughter/articleshow/65800978.cms|title=Will fight against dad in Lok Sabha polls: Ram Vilas daughter|work=The Times of India|access-date=18 December 2019}}</ref> In 1982, he married Reena Sharma, an airhostess.<ref name="LSProfile"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110214/jsp/bihar/story_13578229.jsp|title=The Telegraph – Calcutta (Kolkata) – Bihar – Political way to nurture love|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602064559/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110214/jsp/bihar/story_13578229.jsp|archive-date=2 June 2014|work=The Telegraph|date=14 February 2011|access-date=27 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/137817/when-bihar-netas-were-bitten.html|title=When Bihar netas were bitten by love bug|work=Deccan Herald|date=14 February 2011}}</ref> They had a son and a daughter. His son [[Chirag Paswan|Chirag Kumar Paswan]] is an actor-turned-politician.<ref name="bp"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Suruchi |title=Arranged marriage for Chirag Paswan? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Arranged-marriage-for-Chirag-Paswan/articleshow/10629658.cms |access-date=13 April 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=7 November 2011 |language=en}}</ref>
He was often called a dynast. He brought his brothers [[Pashupati Kumar Paras]] and [[Ram Chandra Paswan]] into politics. Of the six seats that the LJP won in 2019, three were from his family – son Chirag, and brothers Pashupati Kumar Paras and [[Ram Chandra Paswan]]. Ram Chandra's son [[Prince Raj]] succeeded his father upon his death.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nair|first=Sobhana K.|date=8 October 2020|title=Ram Vilas Paswan obituary {{!}} Dalit leader who wore many a hat|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ram-vilas-paswan-obituary-dalit-leader-who-wore-many-a-hat/article32807109.ece|access-date=8 October 2020|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
== Death ==
Paswan died on 8 October 2020, and his death was confirmed by his son, [[Chirag Paswan]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 October 2020|title=Union Minister and LJP patriarch Ram Vilas Paswan passes away|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/ram-vilas-paswan-dead-ljp-6716310/|access-date=8 October 2020|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}; {{Cite web|title=Union Minister Ram Vilas Paswan, Days After Heart Surgery, Dies|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/union-minister-ram-vilas-paswan-dies-in-hospital-son-chirag-tweets-you-will-always-be-with-me-2307266|access-date=8 October 2020|website=NDTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet|user=iChiragPaswan|number=1314221533653467137|title=पापा....अब आप इस दुनिया में नहीं हैं लेकिन मुझे पता है आप जहां भी हैं हमेशा मेरे साथ हैं। Miss you Papa...|date=8 October 2020|access-date=11 October 2020}}</ref> Paswan had undergone [[Cardiac surgery|heart surgery]] and was hospitalized for a few weeks prior to his death.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ram Vilas Paswan, Union Consumer Affairs Minister, Dies at 74 Days After Undergoing Heart Surgery {{!}} LIVE|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/ram-vilas-paswan-dies-live-updates-union-consumer-affairs-minister-demise-at-74-days-after-undergoing-heart-surgery-at-delhi-hosp-2944599.html|access-date=8 October 2020|website=News18|language=en}}</ref> Paswan was cremated in Patna on 10 October 2020. His body was brought to Janardan Ghat in the Digha locality from his residence in Shri Krishna Puri, about 3 km away, for the last rites.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=10 Oct|first1=PTI / Updated|last2=2020|last3=Ist|first3=20:32|title=Ram Vilas Paswan, a man for all seasons in Indian politics, cremated in Patna {{!}} India News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ram-vilas-paswan-a-man-for-all-seasons-in-indian-politics-cremated-in-patna/articleshow/78591199.cms|access-date=10 October 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
 
==Other websites==


{{commonscat}}
==External links==
* {{Twitter}}
* [http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=296&lastls=16 Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website]
* [http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=296&lastls=16 Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website]
* [http://www.ambedkar.org/books/tu8.htm Profile on Ambedkar.org]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050228050740/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_771260,001600690000.htm Profile on HindustanTimes.com dated June 2004]
* [http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_771260,001600690000.htm Profile on HindustanTimes.com dated June 2004]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080417002042/http://164.100.24.209/newls/Biography.aspx?mpsno=296 Homepage on Lok Sabha website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080417002042/http://164.100.24.209/newls/Biography.aspx?mpsno=296 Homepage on Lok Sabha website]
* [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020505/edit.htm#5 Paswan Profile on TribuneIndia]
* [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020505/edit.htm#5 Paswan Profile on TribuneIndia]
* [http://www.anindianmuslim.com/2008/03/ram-vilas-paswan-and-muslims.html Paswan and Indian Muslims]
* [http://www.anindianmuslim.com/2008/03/ram-vilas-paswan-and-muslims.html Paswan and Indian Muslims]
* [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ram-vilas-paswan-passes-away/articleshow/78558278.cms Union minister Ram Vilas Paswan passes away]
* [https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ram-vilas-paswan-passes-away/article32805992.ece Union Minister Ram Vilas Paswan passes away]
 
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Revision as of 11:43, 8 January 2022


Ram Vilas Paswan
Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
In office
26 May 2014 – 8 October 2020
Prime MinisterNarendra Modi
Preceded bySharad Pawar
Succeeded byPiyush Goyal
Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
In office
28 June 2019 – 8 October 2020
Preceded byRavi Shankar Prasad
Succeeded bySushil Kumar Modi
ConstituencyBihar
In office
July 2010[1] – 2014
ConstituencyBihar
Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers[1]
In office
23 May 2004 – 22 May 2009
Prime MinisterManmohan Singh
Preceded bySunder Lal Patwa
Succeeded byM. K. Alagiri
Minister of Mines[1]
In office
1 September 2001 – 29 April 2002
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Preceded bySunder Lal Patwa
Succeeded byUma Bharti
Minister of Communications and Information Technology[1]
In office
13 October 1999 – 1 September 2001
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Preceded byAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Succeeded byPramod Mahajan
Leader of House in Lok Sabha
In office
4 Jun 1996 – 4 December 1997
Preceded byAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Succeeded byAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Minister of Railways[2]
In office
1 June 1996 – 19 March 1998
Prime MinisterH. D. Deve Gowda
I. K. Gujral
Preceded byC. K. Jaffer Sheriff
Succeeded byNitish Kumar
Minister of Labour and Welfare
In office
5 December 1989 – 10 November 1990
Prime MinisterVishwanath Pratap Singh
Preceded byBindeshwari Dubey
Succeeded byK. Chandrasekhar Rao
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
In office
2014–2019
Preceded byRam Sundar Das
Succeeded byPashupati Kumar Paras
ConstituencyHajipur
In office
1996–2009
Preceded byRam Sundar Das
Succeeded byRam Sundar Das
ConstituencyHajipur
In office
1991–1996
Preceded byDasai Chowdhary
Succeeded byPitambar Paswan
ConstituencyRosera
In office
1989–1991
Preceded byRam Ratan Ram
Succeeded byRam Sundar Das
ConstituencyHajipur
In office
1977–1984
Preceded byRamshekhar Prasad Singh
Succeeded byRam Ratan Ram
ConstituencyHajipur
Personal details
Born(1946-07-05)5 July 1946
Khagaria, Bihar, British India
Died8 October 2020(2020-10-08) (aged 74)
New Delhi, India
Political partyLok Janshakti Party
Other political
affiliations		Janata Dal, Janata Party
Spouse(s)
Rajkumari Devi
​
(
m. 1969; div. 1981)

Reena Sharma
(
m. 1982⁠–⁠2020)
Children4; including Chirag Kumar Paswan
ResidenceKhagaria, Bihar, India
Alma materPatna University (M.A, LLB)
AwardsPadma Bhushan (2021) (posthumously)
As of 30 May, 2019
Source: [1]

Ram Vilas Paswan (5 July 1946 – 8 October 2020)[3] was an Indian politician from Bihar and the Cabinet Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution in the first and second Modi ministries. Paswan was also the president of the Lok Janshakti Party, nine-times Lok Sabha member and Rajya Sabha MP.[4] He started his political career as member of Samyukta Socialist Party and was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly in 1969. Later, Paswan joined Lok Dal upon its formation in 1974, and became its general secretary. He opposed the emergency, and was arrested during this period. He first entered the Lok Sabha in 1977, as a Janata Party member from Hajipur constituency, and was elected again in 1980, 1989, 1991 (from Rosera), 1996, 1998, 1999, 2004 and 2014.[5][6]

In 2000, Paswan formed the Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) as its president. Subsequently, in 2004, he joined the ruling United Progressive Alliance government and remained a Union Minister in Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers and Ministry of Steel. He was posthumously awarded India's third highest civilian award the Padma Bhushan in 2021.[7][8]

He was known for holding cabinet positions under 7 governments. He was known as the weatherman of Indian politics.

Early life and education

Paswan was born in a Dusad a Dalit family on 5 July 1946 in Shaharbanni, Khagaria district of Bihar to Jamun Paswan and Siya Devi.[9][10] Paswan held Bachelor of Laws and Master of Arts degrees from Kosi College, Khagaria and Patna University.[11] He had been selected as a DSP in Bihar police in 1969.[12][13]

Political career

Ram Vilas Paswan in his office after taking charge as the Union Minister of Chemicals & Fertilizers in New Delhi on 24 May 2004

Paswan was elected to the Bihar state legislative assembly in 1969[14] as a member of the Samyukta Socialist Party ("United Socialist Party") from Alauli, a reserved constituency. He lost 1972 Vidhan Sabha election from Alauli to Shri Mishri Sada of Congress.[15] In 1974, as an ardent follower of Raj Narain and Jayaprakash Narayan Paswan became the general secretary of the Lok Dal. He was personally close to the prominent leaders of anti-emergency like Raj Narain, Karpoori Thakur and Satyendra Narayan Sinha.[16]

In 1975, when emergency was proclaimed in India, Paswan was arrested and spent the entire period in jail. On being released in 1977, he became a member of the Janata Party[17] and won election to Parliament for the first time on its ticket from Hajipur with a record margin (later broken) of 424,000 and 89.3% votes which is perhaps an all-time record for General Election in India. Former PM Narasimha Rao got a higher percentage of vote in a 1991 bye-poll. When Janata Party split in 1979, he joined Charan Singh's faction. Paswan was re-elected to the 7th Lok Sabha in 1980 from Hajipur constituency as Janata Party (Socialist) candidate. In 1983, he established the Dalit Sena, an organisation for Dalit emancipation and welfare. The Dalit Sena was later headed by his brother Ram Chandra Paswan . Later It was renamed as Scheduled Caste sena in a vein similar to the Scheduled Caste federation established by Bhim Rao Ambedkar.[18] Paswan lost 1984 Lok Sabha election from Hajipur.[19]

Paswan was elected to the 9th Lok Sabha in 1989 and was appointed Union Minister of Labour and Welfare in the Vishwanath Pratap Singh government.[6] He was elected to Lok Sabha from Rosera (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1991, the only time between 1977 and 2014 when he did not contest from Hajipur. In 1996, he won again from Hajipur, and he even led the ruling alliance or Proposition in the Lok Sabha as the Prime Minister was a member of the Rajya Sabha. This was also the year when Paswan first became the Union Railway Minister. He continued to hold that post till 1998.[20] Thereafter, Paswan was the Union Communications Minister from October 1999 to September 2001 when he was shifted to the Coal Ministry, the portfolio he held till April 2002.[21]

In 2000, Paswan broke from the Janata Dal, to form the Lok Janshakti Party (LJP). He resigned as minister and left the ruling NDA in 2002 after developing differences with BJP. Following the 2004 Lok Sabha elections,[22] Paswan joined the United Progressive Alliance government and was made the Union Minister in Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers and Ministry of Steel.[23]

In the February 2005 Bihar State elections, Paswan's party LJP along with the Indian National Congress contested the election. The result was that no particular party or alliance could form a government by itself. However, Paswan consistently refused to support either Lalu Prasad Yadav, whom he accused of being extremely corrupt, or the right-wing National Democratic Alliance thereby creating a stalemate.[24] This stalemate was broken when Nitish Kumar succeeded in persuading 12 members of Paswan's party to defect; to prevent the formation of a government supported by LJP defectors, the Governor of Bihar, Buta Singh dissolved the state legislature and called for fresh elections, keeping Bihar under President's Rule.[25] In the November 2005 Bihar state elections, Paswan's third-alliance was utterly devastated; the Laloo Yadav-Congress alliance reduced to a minority and the NDA formed the new government.[26]

Paswan together with Lalu Prasad Yadav (center) and Amar Singh (left) at a party rally in Mumbai during the 2009 general elections.

Paswan has declared that the Bihar state elections have no influence on the Central Government, which will continue with both him and Laloo Yadav as ministers. Paswan has served as a Union Minister under five different Prime Ministers and continuously held a cabinet berth in all the Council of Ministers formed since 1996 (as of 2015). He was also part of all the national coalitions (the United Front, the National Democratic Alliance and the United Progressive Alliance), which have formed the Indian Government from 1996 to 2015.[27]

For the 2009 Indian general election Paswan forged an alliance with Lalu Prasad Yadav and his Rashtriya Janata Dal, while dumping their erstwhile coalition partner and leader of the United Progressive Alliance, the Indian National Congress from the new alliance. The duo was later joined by Mulayam Singh's Samajwadi Party and were declared the Fourth Front.[28] Paswan lost the elections from Hajipur to the Janata Dal's Ram Sundar Das, a former Chief Minister of Bihar for the first time in 33 years.[29] His party the Lok Janshakti Party was not able to win any seats in the 15th Lok Sabha, while his coalition partner Yadav and his party too failed to perform well and were reduced to 4 seats.[30]

Paswan was elected as member of 16th Lok Sabha after the 2014 Indian general election from Hajipur constituency when he contested in alliance with BJP, while his son Chirag Paswan won from Jamui constituency also in Bihar.[31]

Paswan was again given charge of the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution in May 2014, which continued in Second Modi ministry in 2019.[32][33] He was elected to Rajya Sabha in 2019 with the help of BJP though his own party had only 2 MLAs in the state assembly.

Personal life

Paswan married Rajkumari Devi in 1960s. In 2014, he disclosed that he had divorced her in 1981, after his Lok Sabha nomination papers were challenged.[34][35] Paswan had two daughters from first wife, Usha and Asha.[35][36] In 1982, he married Reena Sharma, an airhostess.[9][37][38] They had a son and a daughter. His son Chirag Kumar Paswan is an actor-turned-politician.[35][39]

He was often called a dynast. He brought his brothers Pashupati Kumar Paras and Ram Chandra Paswan into politics. Of the six seats that the LJP won in 2019, three were from his family – son Chirag, and brothers Pashupati Kumar Paras and Ram Chandra Paswan. Ram Chandra's son Prince Raj succeeded his father upon his death.[40]

Death

Paswan died on 8 October 2020, and his death was confirmed by his son, Chirag Paswan.[41][42] Paswan had undergone heart surgery and was hospitalized for a few weeks prior to his death.[43] Paswan was cremated in Patna on 10 October 2020. His body was brought to Janardan Ghat in the Digha locality from his residence in Shri Krishna Puri, about 3 km away, for the last rites.[44]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Rajya Sabha members". National Informatics Centre, New Delhi and Rajya Sabha. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
  2. ↑ "List of Minister of Railways of India on Indian Railways Fan Club website". Indian Railways Fan Club. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
  3. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan, Dalit face at the Centre, dies after long innings". The Times of India. 9 October 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2020.; "Ram Vilas Paswan, union minister, passes away at 74". mint. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  4. ↑ Srivastava, Amitabh (5 July 2015). "Bihar elections: Ram Vilas Paswan remained a facilitator, never the face". India Today. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  5. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan". Business Standard India. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Ram Vilas Paswan | Indian politician". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  7. ↑ "Padma Awards 2021 announced". Ministry of Home Affairs. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  8. ↑ "Shinzo Abe, Tarun Gogoi, Ram Vilas Paswan among Padma Award winners: Complete list". The Times of India. 25 January 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Current Lok Sabha Members Biographical Sketch". 19 June 2006. Archived from the original on 19 June 2006. Retrieved 27 August 2020.
  10. ↑ "Ram Vilas Dalit face wherever you go, Jitan Ram Manjhi can be Mahadalit face". 29 July 2015.
  11. ↑ "PIB :: Profiles". pib.nic.in. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
  12. ↑ @irvpaswan (26 March 2016). "1969 मे मेरा DSP मे और MLA दोनो मे एक साथ चयन हुआ।तब मेरे एक मित्र नेपूछा कि बताओ Govt बनना है या Servant ?बस तभी मैंने राजनीति ज्वाइन कर ली" (Tweet). Retrieved 16 August 2020 – via Twitter.
  13. ↑ Srivastava, Amitabh (6 June 2019). "Ram Vilas Paswan: The Weather God". India Today. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  14. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan: A kingmaker who outlasted many kings". The Economic Times. 9 October 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
  15. ↑ "Bihar Assembly Election Results in 1972". Elections in India. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  16. ↑ Avinash (10 September 2015). "Bihar Assembly Elections 2015: Know your leader Profile - Ram Vilas Paswan". One India. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  17. ↑ "Total Revolution". archive. Retrieved 2 December 2006.
  18. ↑ Ahmed, Soroor (11 September 2018). "Bihar: Has Paswan lost his revolutionary zeal and love for Dalits?". National Herald. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
  19. ↑ "1984 India General (8th Lok Sabha) Elections Results". www.elections.in. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  20. ↑ Nair, Sobhana K. (8 October 2020). "Ram Vilas Paswan obituary | Dalit leader who wore many a hat". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  21. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan". India Today. 26 March 2009. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  22. ↑ Nair, Sobhana K. (8 October 2020). "Ram Vilas Paswan obituary | Dalit leader who wore many a hat". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  23. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan - New Cabinet Minister Who Has Worked Under 6 PMs". NDTV.com. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  24. ↑ Madhav, Sanjay Kumar & Neel (18 August 2020). "In Bihar, a balancing act: on poll alliances". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  25. ↑ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News". www.tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  26. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan: Stalwart of socialist movement and Bihar's foremost Dalit leader". Zee News. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  27. ↑ "Details of Member: Shri Ram Vilas Paswan". archive. Retrieved 12 February 2009.
  28. ↑ Joshi, Poornima. "Obituary | Ram Vilas Paswan (1946-2020): A man for all seasons". @businessline. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  29. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan". Business Standard India. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  30. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan: Stalwart of socialist movement and Bihar's foremost Dalit leader". Zee News. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  31. ↑ "LJP chief Ram Vilas Paswan, son Chirag Paswan win". Daily News & Analysis. 16 May 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
  32. ↑ "Shrewd Politician, BJP's Dalit Face Ram Vilas Paswan to Head Ministry of Consumer Affairs in Modi 2.0 Cabinet". News18. 31 May 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  33. ↑ "PM Modi allocates portfolios. Full list of new ministers", Live Mint, 31 May 2019
  34. ↑ Kumar, Madan (23 April 2014). "Ram Vilas Paswan discloses divorce with first wife". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 "Ram Vilas Paswan says he divorced first wife Rajkumari Devi in 1981". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. 22 April 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2014.
  36. ↑ Tripathi, Piyush (14 September 2018). "Will fight against dad in Lok Sabha polls: Ram Vilas daughter". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  37. ↑ "The Telegraph – Calcutta (Kolkata) – Bihar – Political way to nurture love". The Telegraph. 14 February 2011. Archived from the original on 2 June 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2020.
  38. ↑ "When Bihar netas were bitten by love bug". Deccan Herald. 14 February 2011.
  39. ↑ Sharma, Suruchi (7 November 2011). "Arranged marriage for Chirag Paswan?". The Times of India. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
  40. ↑ Nair, Sobhana K. (8 October 2020). "Ram Vilas Paswan obituary | Dalit leader who wore many a hat". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  41. ↑ "Union Minister and LJP patriarch Ram Vilas Paswan passes away". The Indian Express. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.; "Union Minister Ram Vilas Paswan, Days After Heart Surgery, Dies". NDTV.com. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  42. ↑ @iChiragPaswan (8 October 2020). "पापा....अब आप इस दुनिया में नहीं हैं लेकिन मुझे पता है आप जहां भी हैं हमेशा मेरे साथ हैं। Miss you Papa..." (Tweet). Retrieved 11 October 2020 – via Twitter.
  43. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan, Union Consumer Affairs Minister, Dies at 74 Days After Undergoing Heart Surgery | LIVE". News18. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  44. ↑ 10 Oct, PTI / Updated; 2020; Ist, 20:32. "Ram Vilas Paswan, a man for all seasons in Indian politics, cremated in Patna | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 10 October 2020. {{cite web}}: |first1= has generic name (help); |last2= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

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