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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                           = Nilambur
| name = Nilambur
| native_name                     = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| native_name = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| native_name_lang               =  
| native_name_lang =  
| other_name                     =  
| other_name =  
| nickname                       = ''The Teak Town''<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nilambur: A Visual And Sensory Delight in Kerala|url=https://www.india.com/travel/articles/nilambur-a-visual-and-sensory-delight-in-kerala-3698525/|last=Chowdary|first=Charu|date=24 June 2019|access-date=4 June 2021|work=www.india.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A teak museum in the forests of Nilambur|url=https://www.asianage.com/life/travel/111117/a-teak-museum-in-the-forests-of-nilambur.html|last=|date=11 November 2017|access-date=4 June 2021|work=Asian Age}}</ref>
| nickname = ''The Teak Town''<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nilambur: A Visual And Sensory Delight in Kerala|url=https://www.india.com/travel/articles/nilambur-a-visual-and-sensory-delight-in-kerala-3698525/|last=Chowdary|first=Charu|date=24 June 2019|access-date=4 June 2021|work=www.india.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A teak museum in the forests of Nilambur|url=https://www.asianage.com/life/travel/111117/a-teak-museum-in-the-forests-of-nilambur.html|last=|date=11 November 2017|access-date=4 June 2021|work=Asian Age}}</ref>
| settlement_type                 = Municipality<br />Taluk
| settlement_type = [[Town]] / [[Municipality]]
| image_skyline                   = Great Horn Bill 1.jpg
| image_skyline = Great Horn Bill 1.jpg
| image_alt                       =  
| image_alt =  
| image_caption                   = A resort at Nilambur
| image_caption = A resort at Nilambur
| pushpin_map                     = India Kerala#India
| pushpin_map = India Kerala#India
| pushpin_label_position         =  
| pushpin_label_position =  
| pushpin_map_alt                 =  
| pushpin_map_alt =  
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in [[Kerala]]##Location in India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[Kerala]]##Location in India
| coordinates                     = {{coord|11|16|37|N|76|13|33|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|11|16|37|N|76|13|33|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type               = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name               = India
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1               = State
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1               = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_type2               = District
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2               = [[Malappuram]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Malappuram]]
| area_total_km2                 = 30.79
| subdivision_type3 = Taluk
| area_footnotes                 = <ref name="Malappuram_municipalities">{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3205_PART_B_MALAPPURAM.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |title=Malappuram census handbook}}</ref>
| subdivision_name3 = Nilambur
| elevation_m                     = 400
| area_total_km2 = 30.79
| population_total               = 46366
| government_type = [[Municipal Council (India)|Municipal council]]
| population_as_of               = 2011
| governing_body = Nilambur Municipality
| population_footnotes           = <ref name="Malappuram_municipalities"/>
| leader_title = Chairperson
| postal_code                     = 679329, 679330
| leader_name = Padmini Gopinath ([[Indian National Congress|INC]])
| registration_plate             = KL-71
| leader_title1 = Vice Chairperson
| website                         = {{URL|http://www.nilambur.lsgkerala.gov.in/}}
| leader_name1 = Shoukath ali Koomanchery ([[IUML]])
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Malappuram_municipalities">{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3205_PART_B_MALAPPURAM.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |title=Malappuram census handbook}}</ref>
| elevation_m = 400
| population_total = 46366
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Malappuram_municipalities"/>
| postal_code = 679329, 679330
| registration_plate = KL-71
| website = {{URL|https://nilamburmunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/en}}
| leader_name2 = [[Aryadan Shoukath]] ([[Indian National Congress|INC]])
| leader_title2 = [[Nilambur Assembly constituency|MLA]]
}}
}}
'''Nilambur''' is a major town, a municipality and a Taluk in the [[Malappuram district]] of the Indian state of [[Kerala]]. It is located close to the [[Nilgiri Mountains|Nilgiris]] range of the [[Western Ghats]] on the banks of the [[Chaliyar River]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Census of India: Search Details |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=715572 |website=censusindia.gov.in |date=2011 |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref> This place is also known as 'Teak Town' because of the abundance of Nilambur teaks in this area; Which is a variety of a large, deciduous tree that occurs in mixed hardwood forests. Unlike many Municipalities of India; Nilambur is covered with large amounts of vegetation making it close to nature and hence make it very scenic and inspiring.  
'''Nilambur''' ({{IPA|ml|n̪ilɐmbuːr|lang}}) is a major town, a municipality and a Taluk in the [[Malappuram district]] of the Indian state of [[Kerala]]. It is located close to the [[Nilgiri Mountains|Nilgiris]] range of the [[Western Ghats]] on the banks of the [[Chaliyar River]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Census of India: Search Details |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=715572 |website=censusindia.gov.in |date=2011 |access-date=9 December 2019}}</ref> This place is also known as 'Teak Town' because of the abundance of Nilambur teaks, which is a variety of a large, deciduous tree that occurs in mixed hardwood forests. Unlike many municipalities of India, Nilambur is covered with large amounts of vegetation, making it very scenic.  
[[File:Coconut Tree - Flickr - sajinrajknilambur.jpg|thumbnail|Nilambur]]
[[File:Coconut Tree - Flickr - sajinrajknilambur.jpg|thumbnail|Nilambur]]
In the British records, Nilambur and its surroundings are collectively described as ''Nilambur Valley''.<ref name="Malabar">{{Cite book|title=1951 census handbook - Malabar district|publisher=Government of Madras|year=1953|location=Chennai|pages=1|url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6425/1/20493_1951_MAL.pdf}}</ref> The bank of river [[Chaliyar]] at Nilambur region is also known for natural [[Gold]] fields.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dmg.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=61|title=Mineral Deposits in Kerala}}</ref> Explorations done at the valley of the river [[Chaliyar]] in Nilambur has shown reserves of the order of 2.5&nbsp;million cubic meters of placers with 0.1 gram per cubic meter of gold.<ref name="geographymalappuram">{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3205_PART_A_MALAPPURAM.pdf |website= censusindia.gov.in |title=Physical divisions of Malappuram |pages = 21–22}}</ref> The hilly forested area of Nilambur [[Tehsil|Taluk]] forms a portion of the [[Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve]] of rich biodiversity. Nilambur is located about {{cvt|90|km}} west of [[Ooty]] and {{cvt|48|km}} southwest of [[Gudalur, Nilgiris|Gudalur]] town, and {{cvt|27|km}} northeast of [[Manjeri]], on [[Ooty]]-[[Gudalur, Nilgiris|Gudalur]]-Nilambur-[[Kozhikode|Calicut]] road.
In the British records, Nilambur and its surroundings are collectively described as ''Nilambur Valley''.<ref name="Malabar">{{Cite book|title=1951 census handbook - Malabar district|publisher=Government of Madras|year=1953|location=Chennai|pages=1|url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6425/1/20493_1951_MAL.pdf}}</ref> The bank of river Chaliyar at Nilambur region is also known for natural [[gold]] fields.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dmg.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=61|title=Mineral Deposits in Kerala}}</ref> Explorations done at the valley of the river Chaliyar in Nilambur has shown reserves of the order of 2.5&nbsp;million cubic meters of placers with 0.1 gram per cubic meter of gold.<ref name="geographymalappuram">{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3205_PART_A_MALAPPURAM.pdf |website= censusindia.gov.in |title=Physical divisions of Malappuram |pages = 21–22}}</ref> The hilly forested area of Nilambur [[Tehsil|Taluk]] forms a portion of the [[Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve]] of rich biodiversity. Nilambur is located about {{cvt|90|km}} west of [[Ooty]] and {{cvt|48|km}} southwest of [[Gudalur, Nilgiris|Gudalur]] town, and {{cvt|27|km}} northeast of [[Manjeri]], on [[Ooty]]-[[Gudalur, Nilgiris|Gudalur]]-Nilambur-[[Kozhikode|Calicut]] road.


The {{cvt|2554|m}} m high [[Mukurthi]] peak, which is situated in the border of [[Nilambur Taluk]] and  [[Ooty]] Taluk, and is also the fifth-highest peak in [[South India]] as well as the third-highest in Kerala after [[Anamudi]] ({{cvt|2696|m|disp=sqbr}}) and [[Meesapulimala]] ({{cvt|2651|m|disp=sqbr}}), is the highest point of elevation in Malappuram district. It is also the highest peak in Kerala outside the [[Idukki district]]. The {{cvt|2383|m}} high [[Anginda peak]], which is located closer to [[Malappuram district|Malappuram]]-[[Palakkad district|Palakkad]]-[[Nilgiris district|Nilgiris]] district border is the second-highest peak. [[Vavul Mala]], a {{cvt|2339|m|disp=sqbr}} high peak situated on the trijunction of Nilambur Taluk of Malappuram, [[Wayanad district|Wayanad]], and [[Thamarassery]] Taluk of [[Kozhikode district|Kozhikode]] districts, is the third-highest point of elevation in the district. The Nilambur Taluk has several small and medium-sized tributaries of [[Chaliyar]] river.
The {{cvt|2554|m}} m high [[Mukurthi]] peak, which is situated in the border of [[Nilambur Taluk]] and  [[Ooty]] Taluk, and is also the fifth-highest peak in [[South India]] as well as the third-highest in Kerala after [[Anamudi]] ({{cvt|2696|m|disp=sqbr}}) and [[Meesapulimala]] ({{cvt|2651|m|disp=sqbr}}), is the highest point of elevation in Malappuram district. It is also the highest peak in Kerala outside the [[Idukki district]]. The {{cvt|2383|m}} high [[Anginda peak]], which is located closer to [[Malappuram district|Malappuram]]-[[Palakkad district|Palakkad]]-[[Nilgiris district|Nilgiris]] district border is the second-highest peak. [[Vavul Mala]], a {{cvt|2339|m|disp=sqbr}} high peak situated on the trijunction of Nilambur Taluk of Malappuram, [[Wayanad district|Wayanad]], and [[Thamarassery]] Taluk of [[Kozhikode district|Kozhikode]] districts, is the third-highest point of elevation in the district. The Nilambur Taluk has several small and medium-sized tributaries of Chaliyar river.
 
[[UNESCO]] has included Nilambur in its Global Network of Learning Cities (GNLC) in recognition of its outstanding efforts to make lifelong learning a reality for all at the local level.<ref name="UNESCO-GNLC">{{cite web|title=UNESCO Global Network of Learning cities - Nilambur, India|url=https://www.uil.unesco.org/en/learning-cities/nilambur|access-date=29 November 2024|publisher=UNESCO}}</ref>
 
==Etymology==
It is believed that Nilambur was derived from Nilambapuri, the old name of Nilambur Kingdom.  


== History ==
== History ==
[[File:Nilambur teak forest 3740.JPG|thumbnail|Conolly's plot, Nilambur]]
[[File:Nilambur teak forest 3740.JPG|thumbnail|Conolly's plot, Nilambur]]
[[File:Nilambur Teak Garden.jpg|thumbnail|[[Teak Museum]]]]
[[File:Nilambur Teak Garden.jpg|thumbnail|[[Teak Museum]]]]
The teaks for the construction of ''[[Uru (boat)|Uru]]'', a kind of ships those were used for maritime trade through [[Beypore]] port, were usually taken from Nilambur Teak Forests.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amartya.de/beypore1.htm|title=Ship building in Beypore|website=amartya.de}}</ref> The oldest teak plantation of the world in the Conolly's plot is just {{cvt|2|km|spell=in}} from the town. It was named in memory of [[Henry Valentine Conolly]], the then Malabar district collector.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Oldest teak plantation, Conolly’s Plot, to reopen after maintenance|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/travel/travel-news/oldest-teak-plantation-conolly-s-plot-to-reopen-after-maintenance-kerala-nilambur-teak-plantations-1.1942105|date=2017-05-16|access-date=2020-10-12|work=Mathrubhumi}}</ref> [[Teak Museum]] at Nilambur is maintained by the [[Kerala Forest Research Institute]] which was established for the memory of the oldest known Teak plantation in the world. The town is also famous for [[Nilambur Kingdom|Nilambur Kovilakam]], where the ''Nilambur Rajas'' resided and ruled the land.<ref>{{Cite news|title=A road trip to Nilambur Kovilakam|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/travel/travel-blog/a-road-trip-to-nilambur-kovilakam-1.4204082|last=Sasi Kumar|date=2019-10-17|access-date=2020-10-12|work=Mathrubhumi}}</ref> ''Nilambur Rajas'' were vassals to the [[Zamorin of Calicut|Zamorins of Calicut]], based at Nilambur.
The teaks for the construction of ''[[Uru (boat)|Uru]]'', a kind of ships those were used for maritime trade through [[Beypore]] port, were usually taken from Nilambur Teak Forests.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amartya.de/beypore1.htm|title=Ship building in Beypore|website=amartya.de|access-date=19 April 2021|archive-date=25 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425051616/http://www.amartya.de/beypore1.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The oldest teak plantation of the world in the Conolly's plot is just {{cvt|2|km|spell=in}} from the town. It was named in memory of [[Henry Valentine Conolly]], the then Malabar district collector.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Oldest teak plantation, Conolly's Plot, to reopen after maintenance|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/travel/travel-news/oldest-teak-plantation-conolly-s-plot-to-reopen-after-maintenance-kerala-nilambur-teak-plantations-1.1942105|date=2017-05-16|access-date=2020-10-12|work=Mathrubhumi}}</ref> [[Teak Museum]] at Nilambur is maintained by the [[Kerala Forest Research Institute]] which was established for the memory of the oldest known Teak plantation in the world. The town is also famous for [[Nilambur Kingdom|Nilambur Kovilakam]], where the ''Nilambur Rajas'' resided and ruled the land.<ref>{{Cite news|title=A road trip to Nilambur Kovilakam|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/travel/travel-blog/a-road-trip-to-nilambur-kovilakam-1.4204082|last=Sasi Kumar|date=2019-10-17|access-date=2020-10-12|work=Mathrubhumi}}</ref> ''Nilambur Rajas'' were vassals to the [[Zamorin of Calicut|Zamorins of Calicut]], based at Nilambur.


The [[Nilambur–Shoranur line]] is among the shortest as well as picturesque [[broad gauge]] railway lines in India.<ref name="The Nilambur news">{{cite web|url=http://nilamburnews.com/m_train.htm|title=The Nilambur news|publisher=Kerala Tourism|access-date=13 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920133828/http://nilamburnews.com/m_train.htm|archive-date=20 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> It was laid by the British in colonial era for the transportation of ''Nilambur Teak'' logs into United Kingdom through [[Kozhikode]]. During British rule, Nilambur's chief importance laid in producing teaks. In the old administrative records of the [[Madras Presidency]], it is recorded that the most remarkable plantation owned by Government in the erstwhile [[Madras Presidency]] was the Teak plantation at Nilambur planted in 1844.<ref name="Mbsp">{{cite book |url=https://www.tamildigitallibrary.in/admin/assets/book/TVA_BOK_0023302_The_Madras_Presidency_1881_1931.pdf |title=The Madras Presidency (1881-1931) |last=Boag |first=GT |publisher=Government of Madras |location=Madras |year=1933 |page=63}}</ref>
The [[Nilambur–Shoranur line]] is among the shortest as well as picturesque [[broad gauge]] railway lines in India.<ref name="The Nilambur news">{{cite web|url=http://nilamburnews.com/m_train.htm|title=The Nilambur news|publisher=Kerala Tourism|access-date=13 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920133828/http://nilamburnews.com/m_train.htm|archive-date=20 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> It was laid by the British in colonial era for the transportation of ''Nilambur Teak'' logs into United Kingdom through [[Kozhikode]]. During British rule, Nilambur's chief importance laid in producing teaks. In the old administrative records of the [[Madras Presidency]], it is recorded that the most remarkable plantation owned by Government in the erstwhile [[Madras Presidency]] was the Teak plantation at Nilambur planted in 1844.<ref name="Mbsp">{{cite book |url=https://www.tamildigitallibrary.in/admin/assets/book/TVA_BOK_0023302_The_Madras_Presidency_1881_1931.pdf |title=The Madras Presidency (1881-1931) |last=Boag |first=GT |publisher=Government of Madras |location=Madras |year=1933 |page=63 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=9 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609102848/https://www.tamildigitallibrary.in/admin/assets/book/TVA_BOK_0023302_The_Madras_Presidency_1881_1931.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>


Nilambur Teak is the first forest produce to get its own [[Geographical indication|GI]] tag.<ref>{{Cite news|title=First for forest produce, GI tag for Nilambur teak|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/first-for-forest-produce-gi-tag-for-nilambur-teak/articleshow/62320961.cms|last=T Ramavarman|date= 1 January 2018|access-date=30 October 2020|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
Nilambur Teak is the first forest produce to get its own [[Geographical indication|GI]] tag.<ref>{{Cite news|title=First for forest produce, GI tag for Nilambur teak|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/first-for-forest-produce-gi-tag-for-nilambur-teak/articleshow/62320961.cms|last=T Ramavarman|date= 1 January 2018|access-date=30 October 2020|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
On 2nd September 2022, Nilambur joined the [[UNESCO]] Global Network of Learning Cities (GNLC).<ref name="UNESCO-GNLC-date">{{cite web|title=UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities: 77 new members from 44 countries|url=https://www.uil.unesco.org/en/articles/unesco-global-network-learning-cities-77-new-members-44-countries|access-date=29 November 2024|publisher=UNESCO}}</ref>


== Civic administration ==
== Civic administration ==
<mapframe text="Nilambur Municipality" width=300 height=300 align=center >{ "type": "ExternalData",  "service": "geoshape",  "ids": "Q16135735"}</mapframe>
<mapframe text="Nilambur Municipality" width=300 height=300 align=center >{ "type": "ExternalData",  "service": "geoshape",  "ids": "Q16135735"}</mapframe>


===[[2020 Kerala local body elections|Nilambur Municipality]] Election 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://trend.kerala.gov.in/views/index.php|title=Nilambur Municipality election 2020|access-date=2020-12-11|website=lbtrend}}</ref>===
===[[2020 Kerala local body elections|Nilambur Municipality]] Election 2020===
{|class="sortable wikitable"
{|class="sortable wikitable"
|-
|-
!S.No. !! Party Name !! Party symbol !! Number of Councillors
!S.No.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://trend.kerala.gov.in/views/index.php|title=Nilambur Municipality election 2020|access-date=2020-12-11|website=lbtrend|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309203519/http://trend.kerala.gov.in/views/index.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> !! Party name !! Party symbol !! Number of Councillors
|-
|-
| 02 || Independents || [[File:No flag.svg|75px]] || 14
| 02 || Independents || [[File:No flag.svg|75px]] || 14
|-
|-
| 02 || [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]] ||[[File:LDF LOGO.png|50px]] || 09
| 02 || [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]] ||[[File:Left Democratic Front (Kerala) Logo.svg|50px]] || 09
|-
|-
| 03 || [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]] ||[[File:UDF logo.png|50px]]|| 09
| 03 || [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]] ||[[File:UDF logo.png|50px]]|| 09
Line 74: Line 92:


The nearest International Airport is [[Calicut International Airport]] at Karipur which is 44.50 km from Nilambur.
The nearest International Airport is [[Calicut International Airport]] at Karipur which is 44.50 km from Nilambur.
==Nilambur Taluk==
[[File:Map of Malappuram District (April 2021).svg|thumbnail|Nilambur Taluk, in the eastern region of [[Malappuram district]], is located in the rich biodiversity of [[Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve]]]]
'''Nilambur Taluk''', also known as '''Eastern Eranad Taluk''', comes under [[Revenue Divisions of Kerala|Perinthalmanna revenue division]] in [[Malappuram district]] of [[Kerala]], India.<ref name="mlp">{{Cite web|url=https://malappuram.nic.in/village-panchayats/|title=Villages, Taluks, and Revenues divisions that make up Malappuram district |website=Official website of Malappuram district}}</ref> Its [[headquarters]] is the town of Nilambur.<ref name="mlp"/> Nilambur Taluk contains Nilambur Municipality and a few [[Gram panchayat]]s.<ref name="mlp"/> Most of the administrative offices are located in the Mini-Civil Station at Nilambur. The position of Nilambur Taluk in [[Malappuram district]] is shown below:
{{Malappuram Labelled Map}}
Nilambur Taluk is the largest Taluk in Kerala. It is composed of 21 villages.<ref name="mlp"/> Since most of Nilambur is the jungle and hilly area, this Taluk has the least population density in the district.<ref name="Malappuram_municipalities"/> Several tributaries of [[Chaliyar]] River flow through Nilambur Taluk. Nilambur, [[Wandoor]], [[Edakkara]], [[Mambad]], [[Kalikavu]], and [[Karuvarakundu]], are some major towns in Nilambur Taluk.<ref name="Malappuram_municipalities"/> Nilambur Taluk is bounded by [[Silent Valley National Park]] to south, [[Nilgiri Mountains|Nilgiri mountain]] ranges and [[Pandalur taluk|Pandalur]], [[Gudalur taluk|Gudalur]], [[Ooty]], and [[Kundah taluk|Kundah]] Taluks of [[Nilgiris district]] to east, [[Wayanad district]] and [[Thamarassery]] Taluk of [[Kozhikode district]] to north, and [[Eranad Taluk|Eranad]] and [[Perinthalmanna taluk|Perinthalmanna]] Taluks to west.<ref name="Malappuram_municipalities"/> The villages included in the Taluk are:
* [[Vazhikkadavu]]
* Nilambur
* Kattumunda
* [[Edakkara]]
* [[Pullipadam]]
* [[Karulai]]
* [[Chungathara]]
* [[Thiruvali]]
* [[Karuvarakundu]]
* [[Amarambalam]]
* [[Mampad]]
* Kurumbalangode
* [[Akampadam]]
* [[Tuvvur]]
* [[Porur, Malappuram|Porur]]
* [[Vellayur]]
* [[Kalikavu]]
* [[Kerala Estate]]
* [[Pothukal]]
* [[Moothedam]]
* [[Wandoor]]
* [[Chokkad]]
* [[Elambilakode]]<ref name="mlp"/>


== Places of Interest ==
== Places of Interest ==
Line 86: Line 133:
* [[New Amarambalam Reserved Forest]]
* [[New Amarambalam Reserved Forest]]
* [[Mukurthi]] peak
* [[Mukurthi]] peak
* [[Fablines]]
* [[Vavul Mala]]
* [[Vavul Mala]]
* [[Anginda peak]]
* [[Anginda peak]]
Line 96: Line 142:
===Teak Museum===
===Teak Museum===
{{main article|Teak Museum}}
{{main article|Teak Museum}}
The oldest Teak plantation of the world is at Conolly's plot.
The oldest teak plantation in the world is at Conolly's plot. It has the [[Teak Museum]] close by.


===Nilambur-Shoranur Railway line===
===Nilambur-Shoranur Railway line===
Line 105: Line 151:
===Silent Valley National Park===
===Silent Valley National Park===
{{main article|Silent Valley National Park}}
{{main article|Silent Valley National Park}}
{{see also|Attappadi}}
{{see also|Attappadi}}
Silent Valley National Park is located near [[Karuvarakundu]] in Nilambur Taluk. It is located in the rich biodiversity of [[Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve]]. [[Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary]], [[New Amarambalam Reserved Forest]], and [[Karulai|Nedumkayam]] Rainforest in Nilambur Taluk of [[Malappuram district]], [[Attappadi]] Reserved Forest in [[Mannarkkad]] Taluk of Palakkad district, and [[Mukurthi National Park]] of [[Nilgiris district]], are located around Silent Valley National Park. [[Mukurthi]] peak, the fifth-highest peak in South India, and [[Anginda peak]] are also located in its vicinity. [[Bhavani River]], a tributary of [[Kaveri River]], and [[Kunthipuzha River]], a tributary of [[Bharathappuzha]] river, originate in the vicinity of Silent Valley. The [[Kadalundi River]] has also its origin in Silent Valley. The waterfalls like Keralamkundu are also located in [[Karuvarakundu]].
Silent Valley National Park is located near [[Karuvarakundu]] in Nilambur Taluk. It is located in the rich biodiversity of [[Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve]]. [[Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary]], [[New Amarambalam Reserved Forest]], and [[Karulai|Nedumkayam]] Rainforest in Nilambur Taluk of [[Malappuram district]], [[Attappadi]] Reserved Forest in [[Mannarkkad]] Taluk of Palakkad district, and [[Mukurthi National Park]] of [[Nilgiris district]], are located around Silent Valley National Park. [[Mukurthi]] peak, the fifth-highest peak in South India, and [[Anginda peak]] are also located in its vicinity. [[Bhavani River]], a tributary of [[Kaveri River]], and [[Kunthipuzha River]], a tributary of [[Bharathappuzha]] river, originate in the vicinity of Silent Valley. The [[Kadalundi River]] has also its origin in Silent Valley. The waterfalls like Keralamkundu are also located in [[Karuvarakundu]].


===Nadukani Churam===
===Nadukani Churam===
A [[Ghat Roads|Ghat road]] which connects Nilambur with [[Gudalur, Nilgiris|Gudalur]] and [[Ooty]] of neighbouring [[Nilgiris district]]. It is located at [[Vazhikkadavu]] in the eastern end of Nilambur Taluk and Malappuram district.
A [[Ghat Roads|Ghat road]] connects Nilambur with [[Gudalur, Nilgiris|Gudalur]] and [[Ooty]] of the neighbouring [[Nilgiris district]]. It is located at [[Vazhikkadavu]] in the eastern end of Nilambur Taluk and Malappuram district.


===Vavul Mala===
===Vavul Mala===
{{main article|Vavul Mala}}
{{main article|Vavul Mala}}
Several waterfalls and hillstations are located in the [[Gram panchayat]]s around Vavul Mala ([[Urangattiri]], [[Edavanna]] etc.).
Several waterfalls and hillstations are located in the [[Gram panchayat]]s around Vavul Mala ([[Urangattiri]], [[Edavanna]] etc.).


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
* [[P. V. Abdul Wahab]], member of [[Rajya Sabha]].
* [[P. V. Abdul Wahab]], [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|MP]] of [[Rajya Sabha]]
* [[Aryadan Muhammed]], former minister of [[Kerala]].
* [[Aryadan Muhammed]], former minister of [[Kerala]]
* [[Aryadan Shoukath]], film director.
* [[P. V. Anvar|P V Anvar]], ex [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] of Nilambur
* [[Asif Saheer]], footballer.
* [[Aryadan Shoukath]], film director
* [[Gopinath Muthukad]], Magician and motivational speaker.
* [[Asif Saheer]], footballer
* [[Krishnachandran]], actor.
* [[Gopinath Muthukad]], Magician and motivational speaker
* [[M. Swaraj]], politician and Former MLA from [[Thrippunithura (State Assembly constituency)|Thrippunithura Constituency]].
* [[Krishnachandran]], Actor, playback singer and dubbing artist
* [[Nilambur Ayisha]], actress.
* [[M. Swaraj]], politician and Former MLA from [[Thrippunithura (State Assembly constituency)|Thrippunithura Constituency]]
* [[Nilambur Balan]], actor.
* [[Nilambur Ayisha]], actress
* [[KM Asif]], cricketer.
* [[Nilambur Balan]], actor
* [[Krishnachandran]], Actor, playback singer, and dubbing artist.
* [[KM Asif]], cricketer
 
* [[Rahman (actor)|Rashin Rahman]], actor
* [[Rahman (actor)|Rashin Rahman]], actor.
* [[Sankaran Embranthiri]], musician
* [[Sankaran Embranthiri]].
* [[Zeenath]], actress
* [[Zeenath]], actress.
 
==Nilambur Taluk==
[[File:Map of Malappuram District (April 2021).svg|thumbnail|Nilambur Taluk, in the eastern region of [[Malappuram district]], is located in the rich biodiversity of [[Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve]]]]
'''Nilambur Taluk''', also known as '''Eastern Eranad Taluk''', comes under [[Revenue Divisions of Kerala|Perinthalmanna revenue division]] in [[Malappuram district]] of [[Kerala]], India.<ref name="mlp">{{Cite web|url=https://malappuram.nic.in/village-panchayats/|title=Villages, Taluks, and Revenues divisions that make up Malappuram district |website=Official website of Malappuram district}}</ref> Its [[headquarters]] is the town of Nilambur.<ref name="mlp"/> Nilambur Taluk contains Nilambur Municipality and a few [[Gram panchayat]]s.<ref name="mlp"/> Most of the administrative offices are located in the Mini-Civil Station at Nilambur. The position of Nilambur Taluk in [[Malappuram district]] is shown below:
{{Malappuram Labelled Map}}
Nilambur Taluk is the largest Taluk in Kerala. It is composed of 21 villages.<ref name="mlp"/> Since most of Nilambur is the jungle and hilly area, this Taluk has the least population density in the district.<ref name="Malappuram_municipalities"/> Several tributaries of [[Chaliyar]] River flow through Nilambur Taluk. Nilambur, [[Wandoor]], [[Edakkara]], [[Mambad]], [[Kalikavu]], and [[Karuvarakundu]], are some major towns in Nilambur Taluk.<ref name="Malappuram_municipalities"/> Nilambur Taluk is bounded by [[Silent Valley National Park]] to south, [[Nilgiri Mountains|Nilgiri mountain]] ranges and [[Pandalur taluk|Pandalur]], [[Gudalur taluk|Gudalur]], [[Ooty]], and [[Kundah taluk|Kundah]] Taluks of [[Nilgiris district]] to east, [[Wayanad district]] and [[Thamarassery]] Taluk of [[Kozhikode district]] to north, and [[Eranad Taluk|Eranad]] and [[Perinthalmanna taluk|Perinthalmanna]] Taluks to west.<ref name="Malappuram_municipalities"/> The villages included in the Taluk are:
* [[Vazhikkadavu]]
* Nilambur
* Kattumunda
* [[Edakkara]]
* [[Pullipadam]]
* [[Karulai]]
* [[Chungathara]]
* [[Thiruvali]]
* [[Karuvarakundu]]
* [[Amarambalam]]
* [[Mampad]]
* Kurumbalangode
* [[Akampadam]]
* [[Tuvvur]]
* [[Porur, Malappuram|Porur]]
* [[Vellayur]]
* [[Kalikavu]]
* [[Kerala Estate]]
* [[Pothukal]]
* [[Moothedam]]
* [[Wandoor]]
* [[Chokkad]]<ref name="mlp"/>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 176: Line 195:


== External links ==
== External links ==
 
{{commons category|Nilambur}}
 
{{wikivoyage|Nilambur}}
* {{Official website|http://www.nilambur.lsgkerala.gov.in/}}
* {{Official website|http://www.nilambur.lsgkerala.gov.in/}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20191013043120/https://keralapanchayatelection2020.keralas.info/ Kerala panchayat election 2020]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20191013043120/https://keralapanchayatelection2020.keralas.info/ Kerala panchayat election 2020]

Latest revision as of 01:45, 28 January 2026

Nilambur
Town / Municipality
A resort at Nilambur
A resort at Nilambur
Nickname: 
The Teak Town[1][2]
Nilambur is located in Kerala
Nilambur
Nilambur
Location in Kerala
Nilambur is located in India
Nilambur
Nilambur
Location in India
Coordinates: 11°16′37″N 76°13′33″E / 11.27694°N 76.22583°E / 11.27694; 76.22583
CountryIndia
StateKerala
DistrictMalappuram
TalukNilambur
Government
 • TypeMunicipal council
 • BodyNilambur Municipality
 • ChairpersonPadmini Gopinath (INC)
 • Vice ChairpersonShoukath ali Koomanchery (IUML)
 • MLAAryadan Shoukath (INC)
Area
[3]
 • Total30.79 km2 (11.89 sq mi)
Elevation
400 m (1,300 ft)
Population
 (2011)[3]
 • Total46,366
Vehicle registrationKL-71
Websitenilamburmunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/en

Nilambur (ml) is a major town, a municipality and a Taluk in the Malappuram district of the Indian state of Kerala. It is located close to the Nilgiris range of the Western Ghats on the banks of the Chaliyar River.[4] This place is also known as 'Teak Town' because of the abundance of Nilambur teaks, which is a variety of a large, deciduous tree that occurs in mixed hardwood forests. Unlike many municipalities of India, Nilambur is covered with large amounts of vegetation, making it very scenic.

Nilambur

In the British records, Nilambur and its surroundings are collectively described as Nilambur Valley.[5] The bank of river Chaliyar at Nilambur region is also known for natural gold fields.[6] Explorations done at the valley of the river Chaliyar in Nilambur has shown reserves of the order of 2.5 million cubic meters of placers with 0.1 gram per cubic meter of gold.[7] The hilly forested area of Nilambur Taluk forms a portion of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve of rich biodiversity. Nilambur is located about 90 km (56 mi) west of Ooty and 48 km (30 mi) southwest of Gudalur town, and 27 km (17 mi) northeast of Manjeri, on Ooty-Gudalur-Nilambur-Calicut road.

The 2,554 m (8,379 ft) m high Mukurthi peak, which is situated in the border of Nilambur Taluk and Ooty Taluk, and is also the fifth-highest peak in South India as well as the third-highest in Kerala after Anamudi (2,696 m [8,845 ft]) and Meesapulimala (2,651 m [8,698 ft]), is the highest point of elevation in Malappuram district. It is also the highest peak in Kerala outside the Idukki district. The 2,383 m (7,818 ft) high Anginda peak, which is located closer to Malappuram-Palakkad-Nilgiris district border is the second-highest peak. Vavul Mala, a 2,339 m [7,674 ft] high peak situated on the trijunction of Nilambur Taluk of Malappuram, Wayanad, and Thamarassery Taluk of Kozhikode districts, is the third-highest point of elevation in the district. The Nilambur Taluk has several small and medium-sized tributaries of Chaliyar river.

UNESCO has included Nilambur in its Global Network of Learning Cities (GNLC) in recognition of its outstanding efforts to make lifelong learning a reality for all at the local level.[8]

Etymology[edit | edit source]

It is believed that Nilambur was derived from Nilambapuri, the old name of Nilambur Kingdom.

History[edit | edit source]

Conolly's plot, Nilambur
Teak Museum

The teaks for the construction of Uru, a kind of ships those were used for maritime trade through Beypore port, were usually taken from Nilambur Teak Forests.[9] The oldest teak plantation of the world in the Conolly's plot is just 2 km (1.2 mi)[convert: bug, ask for help] from the town. It was named in memory of Henry Valentine Conolly, the then Malabar district collector.[10] Teak Museum at Nilambur is maintained by the Kerala Forest Research Institute which was established for the memory of the oldest known Teak plantation in the world. The town is also famous for Nilambur Kovilakam, where the Nilambur Rajas resided and ruled the land.[11] Nilambur Rajas were vassals to the Zamorins of Calicut, based at Nilambur.

The Nilambur–Shoranur line is among the shortest as well as picturesque broad gauge railway lines in India.[12] It was laid by the British in colonial era for the transportation of Nilambur Teak logs into United Kingdom through Kozhikode. During British rule, Nilambur's chief importance laid in producing teaks. In the old administrative records of the Madras Presidency, it is recorded that the most remarkable plantation owned by Government in the erstwhile Madras Presidency was the Teak plantation at Nilambur planted in 1844.[13]

Nilambur Teak is the first forest produce to get its own GI tag.[14]

On 2nd September 2022, Nilambur joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities (GNLC).[15]


Civic administration[edit | edit source]

Map
Nilambur Municipality

Nilambur Municipality Election 2020[edit | edit source]

S.No.[16] Party name Party symbol Number of Councillors
02 Independents 14
02 LDF 09
03 UDF 09
04 BJP File:BJP election symbol.svg -783x768.png 01

Connectivity[edit | edit source]

A road in Nilambur
The main block of Amal college of Advanced studies in Nilambur
Jawaharlal Nehru Municipal Bus Stand at Nilambur

Nilambur is well connected to other parts of the Kerala and other parts of the country by road and rail networks. Kozhikode-Nilambur-Gudalur (SH 28) road which is a major interstate highway runs through the heart of Nilambur. Other State highways such as SH 39 (Perumbilavu - Nilambur Road) and SH 73 (Valanchery - Nilambur Road) also serves this town. Construction for Hill Highway is ongoing here. There are also wide and good quality direct road towards Kakkadampoyil of Kozhikode district from here. There is a large fleet of government and private buses and other transports serving this town. There is a KSRTC sub depot which serves the area operating both interstate and intrastate Public bus transport. This town is also served by a railway station called Nilambur road which is the terminus of Nilambur–Shoranur railway line. This railway station connects this town to other parts of India as it has regular trains which leads to shoranur junction which is the largest railway station of Kerala state.

The Nilambur–Nanjangud line is a proposed railway line, which connects Nilambur with the districts of Wayanad, Nilgiris, and Mysore.[17][18]

The nearest International Airport is Calicut International Airport at Karipur which is 44.50 km from Nilambur.

Nilambur Taluk[edit | edit source]

Nilambur Taluk, in the eastern region of Malappuram district, is located in the rich biodiversity of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve

Nilambur Taluk, also known as Eastern Eranad Taluk, comes under Perinthalmanna revenue division in Malappuram district of Kerala, India.[19] Its headquarters is the town of Nilambur.[19] Nilambur Taluk contains Nilambur Municipality and a few Gram panchayats.[19] Most of the administrative offices are located in the Mini-Civil Station at Nilambur. The position of Nilambur Taluk in Malappuram district is shown below: Template:Malappuram Labelled Map Nilambur Taluk is the largest Taluk in Kerala. It is composed of 21 villages.[19] Since most of Nilambur is the jungle and hilly area, this Taluk has the least population density in the district.[3] Several tributaries of Chaliyar River flow through Nilambur Taluk. Nilambur, Wandoor, Edakkara, Mambad, Kalikavu, and Karuvarakundu, are some major towns in Nilambur Taluk.[3] Nilambur Taluk is bounded by Silent Valley National Park to south, Nilgiri mountain ranges and Pandalur, Gudalur, Ooty, and Kundah Taluks of Nilgiris district to east, Wayanad district and Thamarassery Taluk of Kozhikode district to north, and Eranad and Perinthalmanna Taluks to west.[3] The villages included in the Taluk are:

Places of Interest[edit | edit source]

View of Chaliyar river at Nilambur
Teak forest at Conolly's plot

Teak Museum[edit | edit source]

Main article: Teak Museum

The oldest teak plantation in the world is at Conolly's plot. It has the Teak Museum close by.

Nilambur-Shoranur Railway line[edit | edit source]

See also: Nilambur–Shoranur line
Nilambur–Shoranur line

The Nilambur–Shoranur line is among the shortest as well as picturesque broad gauge railway lines in India.[12] The railway line is surrounded by teak trees. It was laid by the British in colonial era for the transportation of Nilambur Teak logs into United Kingdom through Kozhikode.

Silent Valley National Park[edit | edit source]

Main article: Silent Valley National Park
See also: Attappadi

Silent Valley National Park is located near Karuvarakundu in Nilambur Taluk. It is located in the rich biodiversity of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary, New Amarambalam Reserved Forest, and Nedumkayam Rainforest in Nilambur Taluk of Malappuram district, Attappadi Reserved Forest in Mannarkkad Taluk of Palakkad district, and Mukurthi National Park of Nilgiris district, are located around Silent Valley National Park. Mukurthi peak, the fifth-highest peak in South India, and Anginda peak are also located in its vicinity. Bhavani River, a tributary of Kaveri River, and Kunthipuzha River, a tributary of Bharathappuzha river, originate in the vicinity of Silent Valley. The Kadalundi River has also its origin in Silent Valley. The waterfalls like Keralamkundu are also located in Karuvarakundu.

Nadukani Churam[edit | edit source]

A Ghat road connects Nilambur with Gudalur and Ooty of the neighbouring Nilgiris district. It is located at Vazhikkadavu in the eastern end of Nilambur Taluk and Malappuram district.

Vavul Mala[edit | edit source]

Main article: Vavul Mala

Several waterfalls and hillstations are located in the Gram panchayats around Vavul Mala (Urangattiri, Edavanna etc.).

Notable people[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Chowdary, Charu (24 June 2019). "Nilambur: A Visual And Sensory Delight in Kerala". www.india.com. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  2. ↑ "A teak museum in the forests of Nilambur". Asian Age. 11 November 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Malappuram census handbook" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in.
  4. ↑ "Census of India: Search Details". censusindia.gov.in. 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
  5. ↑ 1951 census handbook - Malabar district (PDF). Chennai: Government of Madras. 1953. p. 1.
  6. ↑ "Mineral Deposits in Kerala".
  7. ↑ "Physical divisions of Malappuram" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. pp. 21–22.
  8. ↑ "UNESCO Global Network of Learning cities - Nilambur, India". UNESCO. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  9. ↑ "Ship building in Beypore". amartya.de. Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  10. ↑ "Oldest teak plantation, Conolly's Plot, to reopen after maintenance". Mathrubhumi. 16 May 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
  11. ↑ Sasi Kumar (17 October 2019). "A road trip to Nilambur Kovilakam". Mathrubhumi. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "The Nilambur news". Kerala Tourism. Archived from the original on 20 September 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
  13. ↑ Boag, GT (1933). The Madras Presidency (1881-1931) (PDF). Madras: Government of Madras. p. 63. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  14. ↑ T Ramavarman (1 January 2018). "First for forest produce, GI tag for Nilambur teak". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  15. ↑ "UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities: 77 new members from 44 countries". UNESCO. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  16. ↑ "Nilambur Municipality election 2020". lbtrend. Archived from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  17. ↑ "Nilambur-Nanjandgud way to be realised". The Times of India. 2 September 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  18. ↑ Muringatheri, Mini (10 February 2017). "Nilambur teak set to enter elite club of products with GI tag". The Hindu. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 "Villages, Taluks, and Revenues divisions that make up Malappuram district". Official website of Malappuram district.

External links[edit | edit source]

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