Economy of Uttar Pradesh: Difference between revisions

Economy of Uttar Pradesh
	Lucknow - The capital of Uttar Pradesh
Currency	Indian Rupee (INR, ₹)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March
Country group	Developing/Emerging<ref>"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 29 September 2019.</ref>; Lower income economy<ref>"World Bank Country and Lending Groups". World Bank. Retrieved 29 September 2019.</ref>;
Statistics
Population	246,270,000 (2025)
GDP	₹39.8 trillion (US$560 billion) (nominal; 2026-27)<ref name="PRS">"Uttar Pradesh Budget Analysis 2026–27". PRS Legislative Research. Retrieved 11 February 2026.</ref>
GDP rank	3rd
GDP growth	28% (2025-26 est.)<ref name="PRS">"Uttar Pradesh Budget Analysis 2026–27". PRS Legislative Research. Retrieved 11 February 2026.</ref>
GDP per capita	₹152,366 (US$2,100) (2026 est.)<ref name="PRS">"Uttar Pradesh Budget Analysis 2026–27". PRS Legislative Research. Retrieved 11 February 2026.</ref>
GDP by sector	Agriculture 25.8% Industries 27.2% Services 47.0%, (2024-25)<ref>https://m.economictimes.com/news/economy/indicators/ups-economy-more-than-doubles-in-8-years-to-rs-30-25-lakh-crore-eco-survey/articleshow/128116061.cms</ref>
Population below poverty line	Template:Decreasepositive 19.40% in poverty (2022-23)<ref>"National Multidimentional Poverty Index" (PDF). NITI Aayog.</ref>
Human Development Index	0.650 (2023) medium 34th
Labour force by occupation	Agriculture 59.3% Industries 10.5% Services 30.2%, (2019)
Unemployment	Template:Decreasepositive 2.9% (June 2022)<ref>"Unemployment Rate in India" (PDF). Directorate General of Employment (DGE). Retrieved 19 August 2024.</ref>
External
Exports	$19.05 billion (FY 2024-25)
Export goods	Electronics; Garment; Automotive; Leather; Livestock; Farming; Fishing;
Public finances
Public debt	Template:Increasenegative₹7.84lakh crore ($94.4 billion )
Budget balance	Template:Increasenegative ₹91,400 crore (US$13 billion) <small>2.98% of GSDP (2025–26 est.)</small><ref name="Budget Highlights"/>
Revenues	₹6.65 lakh crore (US$93 billion) (2025–26 est.)<ref name="Budget Highlights"/>
Expenses	₹7.57 lakh crore (US$110 billion) (2025–26 est.)<ref name="Budget Highlights">"UP Budget Highlights 2025–26". PRS India. Retrieved 5 April 2025.</ref>

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Uttar Pradesh has the 3rd largest economy among Indian states and is also the most populous, supporting a population of nearly 240 million.<ref>"Uttar Pradesh Population 2022 | Sex Ratio & Literacy rate 2024". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 20 January 2024.</ref>

Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of food grains in India and accounted for about 17.83% share in the country's total food grain output in 2016–17. Food grain production in the state stood at 49,903.1 thousand tonnes in 2016-17 and 51,252.7 thousand tonnes in 2017–18.<ref name="About Uttar Pradesh">"About Uttar Pradesh: Tourism, Agriculture, Industries, Economy & Geography". India Brand Equity Foundation. Retrieved 5 July 2023.</ref> Major food grains produced in the state include rice, wheat, maize, millet (bajra), gram, peas and lentils.^{[citation needed]}

Uttar Pradesh is a favoured tourist destination in India with Varanasi, considered to be one of the oldest living city of the world, a holy place for devotees of Lord Shiva and Taj Mahal, one of the eight Wonders of the World, is also located here in Agra. In 2022, domestic tourist arrivals in the state stood at 317.91 million.<ref>"Year-wise Tourist Statistics | Welcome to UP Tourism-Official Website of Department of Tourism, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India". www.uptourism.gov.in. Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2023.</ref> Varanasi, Agra, Ayodhya, Mathura and Prayagraj were among the most visited cities. The 2025 Prayag Maha Kumbh Mela attracted more than 550 million devotees and was estimated to generate ₹3.50 lakh crore in revenue.<ref>Bajpai, Namita (8 January 2025). "Maha Kumbh may generate Rs 2-4L crore in 46-day-long mela". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 20 February 2025.</ref>

Cities such as Noida, Meerut, Ghaziabad, Kanpur Nagar, Agra, Lucknow, Varanasi Gorakhpur and Prayagraj are leading economic centres in the state.^{[citation needed]}

The growth of Noida has come due to Yamuna Expressway. Now the government is pushing to create Meerut as the next Industrial hub and the Ganga Expressway is expected to fuel this.<ref>"Land earmarked for 2 logistics hubs along Delhi-Meerut Expressway". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 23 November 2023.</ref>

Agriculture, livestock and fishing

Uttar Pradesh is a major contributor to the national food grain stock. In FY 2020–21, the state produced 5.81 crores (58.10 million) tonnes of food grain, 18.68% of the country's total production. This is partly due to the fertile regions of the Indo-Gangetic plain and also the well-developed irrigation facilities, such as canals and tube wells. It has been the foremost producer of food grains in India since the 1950s, due to high-yielding varieties of seed, greater availability of fertilisers, and increased use of irrigation.<ref>"Uttar Pradesh | History, Government, Map, & Population". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 6 November 2018.</ref>

Western Uttar Pradesh is more advanced in terms of agriculture then the other regions in the state.^{[citation needed]} The majority of the state's population depends upon farming activities. Wheat, rice, pulses, oilseeds, and potatoes are major agricultural products. Sugarcane is the most important cash crop throughout the state. Uttar Pradesh is one of the most important states in India as far as horticulture is concerned. Mangoes are extensively grown in the state.<ref>"UP Agriculture – Need for Transparent Agricultural Scheme". Get news on PM's schemes, central and state government schemes, central ministries and government departments. 3 November 2018. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 6 November 2018.</ref>

Industry

Uttar Pradesh has a robust industrial infrastructure, including 15 industrial areas, 12 specialised parks, four growth centres and industrial infrastructure development centres (IIDC). As of January 2019, Uttar Pradesh had 21 notified, 12 operational SEZs and 24 formally approved SEZs.<ref>"GSDP of Uttar Pradesh, Economic Growth of Uttar Pradesh | IBEF". India Brand Equity Foundation. Retrieved 7 August 2023.</ref>

The Noida-Greater Noida- Yamuna Expressway belt has been a keen choice for many IT/ITES and electronic manufacturing firms. This belt alone has contributed about 40 percent to the manufacturing of mobiles in the country and about 55 per cent of their components.<ref>"45% of mobile manufacturing in country is done in UP, asserts CM Yogi Adityanath". The Times of India. 6 September 2022. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 7 August 2023.</ref>

There are a huge quantity of mineral resources found in the Vindhya mountain range of Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh has many resources like limestone, Magnesite, Copper, Gypsum.<ref>"List of Mineral Resources found in the districts of Uttar Pradesh". Jagranjosh.com. 16 October 2018. Retrieved 7 August 2023.</ref> There are several cement plants in Mirzapur in the Vindhya region, a bauxite-based aluminium plant in the Banda region, and the Sonbhadra region.<ref>GP Singh. "Mineral Resources of Uttar Pradesh" (PDF). planning.up.nic.in. Retrieved 11 July 2025.</ref> Coal deposits are found in the Singrauli region.

Main Industries of Uttar Pradesh^{[citation needed]}

Cottage industries, such as handloom and handicrafts, have traditionally provided livelihood to a large number of people in the state. These industries include:

Meerut is a leading logistics hub for good, transportation, and also has India's biggest sports and good production. Meerut also has tyre, textile, transformer, sugar, distillery, chemical, engineering, paper, publishing, and other industries.
Varanasi is world-famous for handloom-woven, embroidered textiles, called "Banarasi Saree"; the main products are Zari-embroidery and brocade-work on silk sarees. Varanasi along with neighboring town of Ramnagar is also home to many Agricultural and food product industries.
Lucknow is a centre of 'Chikan' embroidery, renowned for its grace and delicacy, a skill more than 200 years old. Uttar Pradesh produces about 15% of the total fabric production of the country, employs about 30% of the total workforce of artisans in India.
The state has two major production centres of leather and leather products, with over 11,500 units; Agra and Kanpur are the key centres. About 200 tanneries are located in Kanpur.<ref>"Official Website of One District One Product Uttar Pradesh / kanpur Nagar". odopup.in. Retrieved 8 January 2024.</ref>
Shahjahanpur is a distinguished industrial district. It is famous for its carpet works. Further, the city boasts of major plant and machinery infrastructure with the presence of Kribhco fertilizer plant,<ref>https://www.kfl.net.in/ ^{[bare URL]}</ref> Reliance Rosa Thermal Power Plant, Indane bottling plant, Ordinance clothing factory, K R Papermill<ref>"About - KR Papers". 20 April 2022.</ref> and several other sugar and paper mills.
Moradabad is renowned for brass work and has carved a niche for itself in the handicraft industry throughout the world. Lately, other products that are produced here like iron sheet metal wares, aluminium artworks, woodworks, and glass wares have become popular with numerous foreign buyers, and are therefore being exported in large quantities. On average, Moradabad exports goods worth ₹3000–4000 crore each year, which constitutes 40% of total exports from India under this category.<ref>"Economy | District Moradabad | India". Retrieved 4 August 2025.</ref>
Bhadohi district is biggest carpet manufacturing centre in India. It is known for its hand-knotted carpet. The Mirzapur-Bhadohi region is the largest handmade carpet weaving cluster, engaging around 3.2 million people in the industry. Bhadohi employs 22 lakh rural artisans.
Dibiyapur is a notable industrial town in the Kanpur–Agra region. The town is well equipped with industries. Many small scale industries also operate in the town. Agriculture being the most popular occupation in the rural sides of the town, shops, and organised retail outlets also serve as "money raisers in the town".^{[citation needed]}

Large-scale industries

Dibiyapur is a notable industrial town of Auraiya district which has installations of India's leading public sector enterprises viz.

Cycle power plant of NTPC.^{[citation needed]} Pata Petrochemical plant Gas compressor station of GAIL^{[citation needed]} (previously known as Gas Authority of India Limited).

Small-scale industries

The Rice-mills and Dal-mills are working well. Other than these mills some steel furniture and cement products small scale industries are there in town located at different places. The raw material for these small-scale industries is imported from Agra and Kanpur. Mainly, the rice, pulses and desi ghee is transported at large scale to the other districts and states. In the Dibiyapur town itself the wooden furniture work is on large scale and due to its cost and quality factor, the furniture has made a good place in the market of nearby districts.^{[citation needed]}

Meerut is one of the biggest gold markets in Asia. It is one of the largest exporters of sports-related items and musical instruments in the country.
Bulandshahr is renowned for Khurja Pottery worldwide. There are nearly 23 export-oriented units and they are exported to foreign countries such as United Kingdom, United States, Australia, New Zealand, United Arab Emirates, and others. The Sikandrabad industrial area, developed by UPSIDC, has a large number of national and multinational companies working here successfully.<ref>Pradesh, city Location in Uttar; Total 69, India Coordinates: 28 4495248°N 77 6941538°ECoordinates: 28 4495248°N 77 6941538°E Country India State Uttar Pradesh District Bulandshahr Population•; bulandshahar.nic.in, 902 Languages • Official Hindi Time zone ISTPIN 203205 Telephone code 05735 Vehicle registration UP-13 Website. "Sikandrabad industrial Area". Retrieved 1 February 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)</ref>
Prayagraj city is home to glass and wire-based industry.<ref name="industries">"Minor industries". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.</ref> The main industrial areas of Prayagraj are Naini and Phulpur, where several public and private sector companies have offices and factories.<ref name="Industries1993">Office of the Development Commissioner (Small Scale Industries) (1993). Report on the second all-India census of small scale industrial units. Development Commissioner, Small Scale Industries, Ministry of Industry, Govt. of India. p. 72. Archived from the original on 23 May 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2012.</ref> Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, India's largest oil company (which is state-owned), is constructing a 7 million MTPA (70 lakh tonnes per annum) capacity refinery in Lohgara with an investment estimated at ₹6,200 crore.<ref name="GDP">"GDP & per capita income of Allahabad" (PDF). Planning Commission of India. 8 March 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 September 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.</ref> Allahabad Bank, which began operations in 1865,<ref name="Small scale Industries">"Summary results of third census". All India Census of Small scale Industries. Archived from the original on 5 May 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.</ref> Bharat Pumps & Compressors and A. H. Wheeler and Company have their headquarters in the city. Major companies in the city are Reliance Industries, ITI Limited, BPCL, Dey's Medical, Food Corporation of India, Raymond Synthetics, Triveni Sheet Glass, Triveni Electroplast, EMC Power Ltd, Steel Authority of India, HCL Technologies, Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO), Vibgyor Laboratories, Geep Industries, Hindustan Cable, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Baidyanath Ayurved,Mudra International Ltd - Beverages , Hindustan Laboratories.<ref name="Companies">of the city., accelerating the development. "significant industrial organizations". Explore Allahabad Press. Archived from the original on 12 January 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2014.</ref><ref name="Popular industries">"List of Companies" (PDF). Ministry of Corporate Affairs. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 September 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.</ref><ref>"Industries that play a vital role in the economy of the district". Maps of India. Archived from the original on 9 September 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2012.</ref>

Minerals and heavy industries

Meerut, Ghaziabad, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Kanpur, Sonbhadra, Mirzapur, and Balrampur are the most industrious areas in the state.

Mathura Refinery situated in Mathura is the only oil refinery in Uttar Pradesh, and is the 6th largest oil refinery in India.<ref>"Mathura refinery gearing up to provide BS-VI fuel to Delhi this year". India Today. 10 January 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2024.</ref>

Handloom and handicrafts

Handlooms and handicrafts are a very important source of income in Uttar Pradesh. There are thousands of power looms and handlooms in the state, most of which are situated in eastern UP. Many people depend on it for their livelihood. Main centres in eastern Uttar Pradesh include Tanda, Varanasi,<ref>Khan, Helen Regan, Omar (10 November 2019). "Fine silk over fast fashion: The last hand-weavers of India's holiest city". CNN. Retrieved 8 January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)</ref> Azamgarh, Bhadohi, Mirzapur, Mau and Mau Aima (Prayagraj). In Western Uttar Pradesh some of the important centres are Meerut, Etawah, Etah and Kasganj. In Eastern UP, Tanda is a small town with a population of approximately 1,50,000 people with over 1,00,000 power looms. The main products include Lungis, Gamchas, Shawls, Rumaal, and garment clothes.

One District One Product scheme

One District One Product is a State Government scheme to encourage local handicrafts and specialized product from each district by helping workers financially. By providing them machineries and tools government helps small local workers.

Services

Uttar Pradesh is the 'IT-Hub' of northern India, with a share of software exports next to that of Karnataka. IT enterprises are limited to particular areas, such as Noida, Greater Noida and Ghaziabad, which lie in the National Capital Region (NCR), commercial capital Kanpur and in the state capital Lucknow.<ref>"IT/Software Sector | Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Government of India". www.meity.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2023.</ref>

In recent years, Noida has emerged as a major center for software and mobile app development, attracting global companies such as Microsoft, Arm Holdings, HCL, Samsung, and Barclays. These firms play a vital role in boosting the city's economy through software development and by exporting services that generate foreign exchange. Noida is also famous for TV News broadcasters. Almost all News channels such as ABP News, Zee News and Mahua News are located in Film City.<ref>"Film City - Noida". ffo.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2023.</ref>

Infrastructure

The infrastructure in Uttar Pradesh is improving in comparison to the other advanced states of India. In 2013, the Government of India declared the construction of Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport in Lucknow and Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport in Varanasi, and both became operational in 2016.

Lucknow Metro and Kanpur Metro became operational in September 2017 and December 2021 respectively with Kanpur Metro being the fastest built metro network in India. The Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation bus service is one of the largest in the country with more than 10,000 buses. UPSRTC ALSO introduced Volvo, Scania, and Janrath ac buses service across the state.

The length of the national highway and railway track is highest in India. A new international airport had been proposed in Gautambudh Nagar is under construction and supposed to start by 2024. Kushinagar International Airport become operational in 2021.<ref>"Kushinagar Airport". Kushinagar Airport. 5 November 2023. Retrieved 8 January 2024.</ref>

Ayodhya airport was inaugurated in December 2023.<ref>"PM inaugurates Maharishi Valmiki International Airport at Ayodhya Dham". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 8 January 2024.</ref> Uttar Pradesh has the most national highways and the state's 8th airport Bareilly Airport began operation in March 2021, with the first route between Bareilly and Delhi, the flight will take an hour. The Yamuna Expressway, which is between New Delhi to Agra, is one of the best highways in the country. In 2015, the state government started another expressway project between Agra to Lucknow that has reduced the journey time; it was inaugurated on 21 November 2016.^{[citation needed]}

RRTS & Freight Corridors

India's first inter city metro, Delhi Meerut RRTS is also partially operational. Delhi – Meerut RRTS (RAPIDX) is an 82.15 km under-construction semi-high speed rail line with 22 stations connecting Delhi – Meerut through a series of tunnels and elevated viaducts as part of Delhi's Regional Rapid Transit System.^{[citation needed]}

Uttar Pradesh is also set to get operational Eastern and Western dedicated freight corridors. The primary objective of the National Rail Plan is to increase the freight share of railways from 28 per cent to 44 per cent by the year 2051. Uttar Pradesh will have big logistic hubs at Meerut and Khurja.^{[citation needed]}

Ganga Expressway

Ganga Expressway, from prayagraj to meerut is an under-construction, 594 km (369 mi) long, 6-lane (expandable to 8) wide greenfield expressway in the state. Pharma parks, textile parks will be developed around Ganga Expressway. Plans are underway to build large industrial corridors at the beginning and end of the expressway. Due to its proximity to the expressway, many investors are expected to set up industries here.

The land around the departure points of Meerut, from where the expressway is to begin, will be developed for industries.

On 31 December 2015, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced an expressway between New Delhi and Meerut, which will cost ₹7,500 crore. It will reduce the journey time to one hour.<ref>"Development of 6 lane Delhi-Meerut Expressway (DME) & 8 laning of NH-24 from Nizamuddin Bridge to UP Gate (Existing Km. 0.000 to existing Km. 8.360 in NCT of Delhi on Hybrid Annuity Mode. Permission for laying of underground ducgt line (40mm dia) and OFC line of (IPCON international (p) Ltd. From (0+000 to Ch. 3+740) total section length for ROW applied is 3740M along (Delhi-Ghaziabad Road) National Highway No. NH-09 (Old NH-24) in the state of Delhi | Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, Government of India". morth.nic.in. Retrieved 2 October 2023.</ref> Delhi-Meerut expressway was opened for public use in April 2021. In 2018 four new expressways - Purvanchal expressway, Bundelkhand expressway, Kanpur-Lucknow expressway, Gorakhpur Link expressway, Ganga expressway, Ballia link expressway are being constructed. Purvanchal expressway has been opened for public use in February 2022, while the Bundelkhand expressway has started operating in July 2022.

Noida International Airport

India's largest airport is also expected to open in Jewar, Uttar Pradesh.

GSDP Of Uttar Pradesh

Year	GSDP Of U.P (Current Prices)<ref name="GS"/>
2011-12	₹ 7.24 Lakh crore
2012-13	₹ 8.22 Lakh crore
2013-14	₹ 9.40 Lakh crore
2014-15	₹ 10.12 Lakh crore
2015-16	₹ 11.38 Lakh crore
2016-17	₹ 12.89 Lakh crore
2017-18	₹ 14.40 Lakh crore
2018-19	₹ 15.82 Lakh crore
2019-20	₹ 17.00 Lakh crore
2020-21	₹ 16.45 Lakh crore
2021-22	₹ 19.76 Lakh crore
2022-23	₹ 22.58 Lakh crore
2023-24	₹ 25.48 Lakh crore
2024-25	₹ 30.25 Lakh crore
2025-26	₹ 36.00 Lakh crore (Projected)

Economic distribution

There is a huge income parity in Uttar Pradesh. Western Uttar Pradesh contributes more than 50% of revenues to the state government. Also the per capita income is also visibly higher in districts in western Uttar Pradesh.

This is also due to more fertile soil, suitable infrastructure for industries, better transportation and logistic channels like expressways and dedicated freight corridors and also due to its proximity to national capital Delhi.

Cities like Noida which is an IT hub in the state, Meerut and Agra are leading districts in the state with highest per capita income.

Per Capita Income of Top 10 Districts of Uttar Pradesh
District	Per Capita Income (2019–20)<ref name="GS">"GSDP of Uttar Pradesh". NITI Aayog.</ref>
Noida	Rs. 612,617
Meerut	Rs. 127,306
Agra	Rs. 106,354
Ghaziabad	Rs. 101,878
Hamirpur	Rs. 100,673
Amroha	Rs. 97,175
Lucknow	Rs. 95,990
Hapur	Rs. 91,764
Kanpur	Rs. 86,709
Mahoba	Rs. 83,593	Prayagraj	Rs.65,704

While west UP accounts for 71.71% of state GDP, the lagging Bundelkhand accounts for just 5.22%, though it has risen from 4.95% bringing some solace to the government.<ref>"Noida tops Uttar Pradesh GDP & per capita income again, Lucknow is second". The Times of India. 13 March 2020. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2 October 2023.</ref>

Tourism

Among all the monuments in India, the Taj Mahal, Agra (5.65 million) was the most visited monument in 2018-19 for domestic visitors. In respect of foreign visitors too Taj Mahal (10.87 million) was the most visited monument.<ref>"Tourism Distribution by 10 Most Popular Monuments" (PDF). India Tourism Department.</ref>

Just an hour's drive from Agra, on the banks of the river Yamuna, is situated the birthplace of Lord Krishna, Mathura. The entire land is dotted with magnificent temples, dedicated to various aspects of his life. Gokul, Barsana and Govardhan are the other township associated with the legend of Lord Krishna. Gokul is the hideout where Lord Krishna was secretly brought up- away from the eyes of his maternal uncle Kansa. His consort Goddess Radha belonged to Barsana, where the unique Holi festival Latthamar Holi is celebrated with great gusto.<ref>"Mathura Vrindavan". UP Tourism. Archived from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.</ref>

Varanasi, in eastern Uttar Pradesh is among the oldest living cities in the world and its antiquity finds place in ancient scriptures. Located along the banks of Ganga it is a sacred place for all Hindus, Sikhs, Jains and Buddhists.<ref>"Varanasi". UP Tourism. Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.</ref>

Percentage share of Top 10 States/UT in Domestic Tourist Visits In 2022.<ref>"Domestic Tourism Distribution" (PDF). India Tourism Department.</ref>

Uttar Pradesh (18.4%)

Tamil Nadu (12.6%)

Andhra Pradesh (11.1%)

Karnataka (10.5%)

Maharashtra (6.4%)

Rajasthan (6.3%)

Other (34.7%)

Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh, famed for its Nawabi era finesse and amazing food, is a unique mix of the ancient and the modern. It is home to extraordinary monuments depicting a fascinating blend of ancient, colonial and oriental architecture.<ref>"Lucknow Tourism". UP Tourism. Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.</ref>

Kushinagar is one of the principal centres of the Buddhist pilgrimage, is the place where Lord Buddha left his corporal self and attained Mahaparinirvana. It attracts thousands of visitors from all over the world every year. In the uniquely designed Mahaparinirvana temple is a huge statue of the reclining Buddha, excavated in 1876. The monuments here are clustered in three groups – the Nirvana site, the central Stupa and the surrounding monasteries, Mathakuar Kot and Ramabhar Stupa.<ref>"Kushinagar". UP Tourism. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.</ref>

Located on the east bank of River Saryu in central Uttar Pradesh, Ayodhya is brimming with the remnants of a bygone era. The famous epics, Ramayana and Shri Ramcharitmanas exhibit the splendor of Ayodhya. Many eminent kings such as Ikshvaku, Prithu, Mandhata, Harishchandra, Sagar, Bhagirath, Raghu, Dileep, Dashrath and Lord Rama ruled the capital city of Kosala. It was during their reign, that the grandeur of the kingdom reached its pinnacle and epitomized Ram Rajya. An episode of Ramayana, a page of ancient history and a cluster of tourist attractions, this town has been a major centre for pilgrims, historians, archaeologists and students alike.<ref>"Ayodhya". UP Tourism. Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.</ref>

Education

The literacy rate of Uttar Pradesh is 74% with male literacy rate at 82% and female literacy rate at 66.1%.<ref>"NFHS-5 State Factsheet- Uttar Pradesh 2019-21" (PDF). NFHS-5.</ref>

Poverty

According to NITI Aayog's Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) based on NFHS-5, 22.93% population of Uttar Pradesh is poor.<ref>"National Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023" (PDF). NITI Aayog.</ref>

References

Template:Economy of India topics

v t e State of Uttar Pradesh
Capital: Lucknow
Topics	History Geography Government Economy Culture Architecture Tourism Demographics Education
Administration	Government Legislative Assembly Chief Ministers Governors High Court Police Emblem
Regions	Western Uttar Pradesh Eastern Uttar Pradesh Central Uttar Pradesh
Divisions	Agra Aligarh Allahabad Azamgarh Bareilly Basti Chitrakoot Devipatan Faizabad Gorakhpur Jhansi Kanpur Lucknow Meerut Mirzapur Moradabad Saharanpur Varanasi
Districts	Agra Aligarh Allahabad Ambedkar Nagar Amethi Amroha Auraiya Azamgarh Bagpat Bahraich Ballia Balrampur Banda Barabanki Bareilly Basti Bhadohi Bijnor Budaun Bulandshahr Chandauli Chitrakoot Devaria Etah Etawah Faizabad Farrukhabad Fatehpur Firozabad Gautam Buddh Nagar Ghaziabad Ghazipur Gonda Gorakhpur Hamirpur Hardoi Hathras Jalaun Jaunpur Jhansi Kannauj Kanpur Dehat Kanpur Nagar Kanshiram Nagar Kaushambi Kushinagar Lakhimpur Kheri Lalitpur Lucknow Maharajganj Mahoba Mainpuri Mathura Mau Meerut Mirzapur Moradabad Muzaffarnagar Pilibhit Pratapgarh Raebareli Rampur Saharanpur Sambhal Sant Kabir Nagar Shahjahanpur Shamli Shravasti Siddharthnagar Sitapur Sonbhadra Sultanpur Unnao Varanasi
Major cities	Agra Aligarh Allahabad Bareilly Faizabad Ghaziabad Gorakhpur Jhansi Kanpur Lucknow Mathura Meerut Moradabad Noida Saharanpur Varanasi
Villages	Adhkatiya Kala Khas Aharak Ahiran, Pindra Ahirani, Pindra Airla Aitha Ajaipur Akhari Akorha Amaut Amawar Amilo, Varanasi Araji Line Babhanpura Baghirua Baliakheri Bhelupura Chadpur Dabethuwa Deorai Eshipur Harora Aht. Harora Must. Janakpatti Jayapur Kathiraon Khanzadipur Kudi Lamhi Mehdiganj Phoolpur Raghunathpur Rajpur Saifai Tisaura Vyaspur Zafarabad
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