Kundara: Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by 188.236.252.199
Last edited March 28, 2026
← Older editNewer edit →
VisualWikitext
imported>AnomieBOT
m Dating maintenance tags: {{Original research}}
Removed poorly sourced claim(s).
Line 4: Line 4:
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = Kundara
| name                     = Kundara
| native_name             = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| native_name             = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per BP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| native_name_lang       =
| native_name_lang         =  
| other_name             = Kundara
| other_name               = Kundara
| settlement_type         = Census Town
| settlement_type         = Census Town
| pushpin_map            = India Kerala#India
| pushpin_label_position   =  
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Kerala, India
| pushpin_map_alt        =  
| coordinates             = {{coord|8|59|48.84|N|76|52|19.56|E|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Kerala, India
| subdivision_type         = Country
| coordinates             = {{coord|8|59|48.84|N|76|52|19.56|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_name         = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type       = Country
| subdivision_type1       = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name       = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Kollam District|Kollam]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Kerala]]
| established_title       = <!-- Established -->
| subdivision_name2       = [[Kollam District|Kollam]]
| established_date         =  
| established_title       = <!-- Established -->
| founder                 =  
| established_date       =  
| named_for               =
| founder                 =  
| government_type          = [[Panchayati Raj (India)]]
| named_for               =
| governing_body          = Kundara Grama Panchayat
| elevation_footnotes     =  
| unit_pref                = Metric
| elevation_m             = 37
| area_footnotes          =
| population_total       = 33,959<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/628442-elampalloor-kerala.html|title=Elampalloor Population Census 2011|website=Census 2011|publisher=Census Population 2015 Data|access-date=9 November 2016}}</ref>
| area_total_km2          = 11.07
| population_as_of        = 2011
| area_rank                =  
| population_footnotes    =
| elevation_footnotes     =  
| population_density_km2 =  
| elevation_m             = 37
| population_rank         =  
| population_total         = 14,651
| population_demonym     =  
| population_as_of        = 2011
| demographics_type1     = Languages
| population_footnotes    = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://dop.lsgkerala.gov.in/index.php/en/node/1038 |title=കൊല്ലം ജില്ലയിലെ ഗ്രാമ പഞ്ചായത്തുകളുടെ അടിസ്ഥാന വിവരങ്ങള്‍ &#124; Deparyment of Panchayats |publisher=Dop.lsgkerala.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2022-04-12}}</ref>
| demographics1_title1   = Official
| population_density_km2   = auto
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| population_rank         =  
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| population_demonym       =  
| postal_code_type       = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| demographics_type1       = Languages
| postal_code             = 691501
| demographics1_title1     = Official
| area_code               = +91 (0)474
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| area_code_type         = Telephone code
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| registration_plate     = KL-02
| postal_code_type         = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| blank1_name_sec1       = Nearest city
| postal_code             = 691501
| blank1_info_sec1       = [[Kollam]] (13 km)
| area_code               = +91 (0)474
| blank1_name_sec2       = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| area_code_type           = Telephone code
| blank1_info_sec2       = [[Climatic regions of India|Am/Aw]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| registration_plate       = KL-02
| website                 =  
| blank1_name_sec1         = Nearest city
| iso_code               = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KL]]
| blank1_info_sec1         = [[Kollam]] (13 km)
| footnotes               =
| blank1_name_sec2         = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| demographics1_info1     = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[English language|English]]
| blank1_info_sec2         = [[Climatic regions of India|Am/Aw]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| blank2_name_sec1       = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| website                 =  
| blank2_info_sec1       = 1096 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| iso_code                 = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KL]]
| blank3_name_sec1       = Literacy
| footnotes               =  
| blank3_info_sec1       = 93.99%
| demographics1_info1     = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], English
| blank4_name_sec1       = [[Urban planning|Planning]] agency
| blank2_name_sec1         = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank4_info_sec1       =  
| blank2_info_sec1         = 1096 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank5_name_sec1        = Civic agency
| blank3_name_sec1         = Literacy
| blank5_info_sec1        = [[Elampalloor|Elampalloor Panchayat]]
| blank3_info_sec1         = 93.999%
| blank2_name_sec2       = Avg. annual temperature
| blank4_name_sec1         = Civic agency
| blank2_info_sec2       = {{convert|27.2|°C|°F}}
| blank4_info_sec1         = Kundara Panchayat
| blank3_name_sec2       = Avg. summer temperature
| blank2_name_sec2         = Avg. annual temperature
| blank3_info_sec2       = {{convert|35|°C|°F}}
| blank2_info_sec2         = {{convert|27.2|°C|°F}}
| blank4_name_sec2       = Avg. winter temperature
| blank3_name_sec2         = Avg. summer temperature
| blank4_info_sec2       = {{convert|24.4|°C|°F}}
| blank3_info_sec2         = {{convert|35|°C|°F}}
|
| blank4_name_sec2         = Avg. winter temperature
| blank4_info_sec2         = {{convert|24.4|°C|°F}}|
| image_skyline            =
| image_caption            =
[[Technopark Kollam]], Kundara ValiyaPally, Kundara Proclamation Memorial, Kundara ALIND - Aluminium Industries Limited, [[Kundara railway station]](KUV), [[Ashtamudi Lake]] near Kundara
}}
}}
'''Kundara''' is a [[census town]] in [[Kerala]] and is part of the [[Kollam Metropolitan Area]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/thrikadavur-becomes-part-of-kollam-city/article7300668.ece |title=Thrikadavur becomes part of Kollam city |publisher=The Hindu |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> Kundara is situated 13&nbsp;km east of [[Kollam]] city, 14&nbsp;km west of [[Kottarakkara]], and 24&nbsp;km north of [[Paravur, Kollam|Paravur]]. Kundara is significant for its historic involvement in the [[Indian independence movement]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/society/r-haridas-painting-of-the-kundara-proclamation/article7770308.ece|title=The unsung artist|last=Rajeev|first=Sharat Sunder|date=2015-10-16|newspaper=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|access-date=2016-11-09}}</ref>
'''Kundara''' is a [[census town]] in [[Kerala]] and is part of the [[Kollam Metropolitan Area]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/thrikadavur-becomes-part-of-kollam-city/article7300668.ece |title=Thrikadavur becomes part of Kollam city |work=The Hindu |date=9 June 2015 |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> Kundara is situated 13&nbsp;km east of [[Kollam]] city, 14&nbsp;km west of [[Kottarakkara]], and 24&nbsp;km north of [[Paravur, Kollam|Paravur]]. Kundara is significant for its historic involvement in the [[Indian independence movement]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/society/r-haridas-painting-of-the-kundara-proclamation/article7770308.ece|title=The unsung artist|last=Rajeev|first=Sharat Sunder|date=2015-10-16|newspaper=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|access-date=2016-11-09}}</ref>


Kundara was once the industrial hub of Southern Kerala, which was the home to prominent industrial companies including [[Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company]], The Aluminium Industries Limited, Kundara(commonly known as ALIND), [[The Kerala Ceramics Limited]] and the Lakshmi Starch company. Many of these companies have closed down or turned into sick industries. Kundara is attempting to revive this industrial tradition and glory of bygone era now by developing [[Technopark, Kerala|Technopark, Kollam]] and [[The Kerala Ceramics Limited]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2019/apr/11/17-psus-in-kerala-register-operational-profit-as-13-clock-net-profit-1962900.html|title=17 PSUs in Kerala register operational profit as 13 clock net profit|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2019-04-11|access-date=2019-11-29}}</ref><ref name="Urban Region">{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/metropolitan/423-kollam.html|title=Kollam Urban Region|work=Census 2011|access-date=September 21, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/461-kollam.html| title=Kollam city population Census |publisher=census2011.co.in |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref>
Kundara was once the industrial hub of Southern Kerala, which was the home to prominent industrial companies including [[Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company]], The Aluminium Industries Limited, Kundara(commonly known as ALIND), [[The Kerala Ceramics Limited]] and the Lakshmi Starch company. Many of these companies have closed down or turned into sick industries. Kundara is attempting to revive this industrial tradition and glory of bygone era now by developing [[Technopark Kollam]] and [[The Kerala Ceramics Limited]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2019/apr/11/17-psus-in-kerala-register-operational-profit-as-13-clock-net-profit-1962900.html|title=17 PSUs in Kerala register operational profit as 13 clock net profit|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2019-04-11|access-date=2019-11-29}}</ref><ref name="Urban Region">{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/metropolitan/423-kollam.html|title=Kollam Urban Region|work=Census 2011|access-date=September 21, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/461-kollam.html| title=Kollam city population Census |publisher=census2011.co.in |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref>


Kundara is also famous for backwater fishing since it is located on the shores of Kanjiracode Lake, a branch of [[Ashtamudi Lake]].  This lake recently received Marine Stewardship council recognition for sustainable fishing.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/keralas-ashtamudi-lake-gets-recognition-for-sustainable-clam-fishing/article6574978.ece|title=Kerala’s Ashtamudi lake gets recognition for sustainable clam fishing|date=2014-11-07|newspaper=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|access-date=2016-11-09}}</ref>
Kundara is also famous for backwater fishing since it is located on the shores of Kanjiracode Lake, a branch of [[Ashtamudi Lake]].  This lake recently received Marine Stewardship council recognition for sustainable fishing.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/keralas-ashtamudi-lake-gets-recognition-for-sustainable-clam-fishing/article6574978.ece|title=Kerala's Ashtamudi lake gets recognition for sustainable clam fishing|date=2014-11-07|newspaper=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|access-date=2016-11-09}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
Line 75: Line 79:


=== Kundara Proclamation ===
=== Kundara Proclamation ===
Velu Thambi Dalawa, the Prime Minister/Diwan (Dalava) to King Balarama Varma of Travancore in present-day Kerala was one of the earliest opponents of British rule. Velu Thampi dalawa in January 1809 made a proclamation known as the Kundara Proclamation. It was an open call to arms, exhorting the common people to rise up against the British and to overthrow them. There was a massive response to his rallying call. Dalawa had to commit suicide on exile later at Mannadi near [[Adoor]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-18|title='The Sword of Liberty': Freedom fighter Velu Thambi Dalawa's story in film|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sword-liberty-freedom-fighter-velu-thambi-dalawas-story-film-83269|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The News Minute|language=en}}</ref>
Velu Thambi Dalawa, the Prime Minister/Diwan (Dalava) to King Balarama Varma of Travancore in present-day Kerala was one of the earliest opponents of British rule. Velu Thampi dalawa in January 1809 made a proclamation known as the Kundara Proclamation. It was an open call to arms, exhorting the common people to rise up against the British and to overthrow them. There was a massive response to his rallying call. Dalawa had to commit suicide on exile later at Mannadi near [[Adoor]].<ref>{{cite web|date=2018-06-18|title='The Sword of Liberty': Freedom fighter Velu Thambi Dalawa's story in film|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sword-liberty-freedom-fighter-velu-thambi-dalawas-story-film-83269|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The News Minute|language=en}}</ref>
 
In the year 2007, the then Education Minister of Kerala, Shri. M A Baby, unveiled the 'Kundara Vilambaram' memorial at Ellampallor from where the proclamation was made two centuries ago.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Velu Thampi Dalawa memorial remains neglected|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2011/oct/19/velu-thampi-dalawa-memorial-remains-neglected-301892.html|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>[[File:Kundara Vilambaram Memorial.jpg|thumb|The memorial of Kundara Proclamation near Elamballoor, Kundara]]


In the year 2007, the then Education Minister of Kerala, Shri. M A Baby, unveiled the 'Kundara Vilambaram' memorial at Ellampallor from where the proclamation was made two centuries ago.<ref>{{cite web|title=Velu Thampi Dalawa memorial remains neglected|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2011/oct/19/velu-thampi-dalawa-memorial-remains-neglected-301892.html|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> [[File:Kundara Vilambaram Memorial.jpg|thumb|The memorial of Kundara Proclamation near Elamballoor, Kundara|285x285px]]
=== Industrial history ===
=== Industrial history ===
Since early days Kundara developed as a market place for trade due to ''21 feet wide'' [[National Highway 744 (India)|Quilon Sengotta Road]] that connected [[Travancore]] to [[Madras Presidency]] and proximity to water transport through [[Ashtamudi Lake]]. In 1904 the [[Kollam-Sengottai branch line|Kollam-Sengottai rail line]] opened up through Kundara. This development facilitated ease of transportation of man, machine and raw material for industrial production to Kollam through rail line from Madras.
Since early days Kundara developed as a market place for trade due to ''21 feet wide'' [[National Highway 744 (India)|Quilon Sengotta Road]] that connected [[Travancore]] to [[Madras Presidency]] and proximity to water transport through [[Ashtamudi Lake]]. In 1904 the [[Kollam-Sengottai branch line|Kollam-Sengottai rail line]] opened up through Kundara. This development facilitated ease of transportation of man, machine and raw material for industrial production to Kollam through rail line from Madras.


In 1920's [[Cashew business in Kollam|Cashew industry boomed]] in and around Kollam. This gave the first taste of modern industry to Kundara and adjoining areas.
In the 1920s [[Cashew business in Kollam|Cashew industry boomed]] in and around Kollam. This gave the first taste of modern industry to Kundara and adjoining areas.
 
In 1930's an industrialist hailing from [[Virudhunagar]] named Natarajan started a factory for producing [[Caustic Soda]] and [[Bleaching powder]] named Vellimon Alkalies limited. This unit availed help from German technicians and the return of experts due to [[World War II]] forced conversion of this industrial unit to cotton for brief period and later on 1946, it got converted to '''Laxmi Starch Ltd, Kundara'''. It was Asia's largest starch factory during its helmdays. In late 1980s labour unrest and electricity shortage led to fall of this industry.


Kundara had abundant reserves of [[China-clay]] the key raw material for [[Ceramic]] and [[Porcelain]]. In 1937 during reign of [[Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma]] the clay processing industry was started in Kundara. In the 1960s this developed into [[The Kerala Ceramics Limited]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff Reporter|date=2020-09-21|title=Renovated facilities for Kerala Ceramics|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/renovated-facilities-for-kerala-ceramics/article32657025.ece|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
Kundara had abundant reserves of [[China-clay]] the key raw material for [[Ceramic]] and [[Porcelain]]. In 1937 during reign of [[Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma]] the clay processing industry was started in Kundara. In the 1960s this developed into [[The Kerala Ceramics Limited]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff Reporter|date=2020-09-21|title=Renovated facilities for Kerala Ceramics|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/renovated-facilities-for-kerala-ceramics/article32657025.ece|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
Line 90: Line 91:
The backbone of modern industrialisation of Kundara was setting up of a 66kV [[Electrical substation]] at Kundara on 3 May 1940 which complemented the [[Pallivasal|Pallivasal project]],  the first hydroelectric project in Kerala.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pereira|first=Ignatius|date=2015-05-03|title=Kundara substation reaches a milestone|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kundara-substation-reaches-a-milestone/article7166547.ece|access-date=2020-11-29|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> This was part of the network of first eight substations established in [[Travancore]] between Thrissur and Trivandrum in order to transmit hydroelectricity generated to households towns and industries. The Kundara substation was later upgraded to 220kV capacity and today it is vital in providing electricity to [[Kollam|Kollam City]] and [[Kollam–Thiruvananthapuram trunk line]] of [[Southern Railway zone|Southern Railways.]]
The backbone of modern industrialisation of Kundara was setting up of a 66kV [[Electrical substation]] at Kundara on 3 May 1940 which complemented the [[Pallivasal|Pallivasal project]],  the first hydroelectric project in Kerala.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pereira|first=Ignatius|date=2015-05-03|title=Kundara substation reaches a milestone|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kundara-substation-reaches-a-milestone/article7166547.ece|access-date=2020-11-29|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> This was part of the network of first eight substations established in [[Travancore]] between Thrissur and Trivandrum in order to transmit hydroelectricity generated to households towns and industries. The Kundara substation was later upgraded to 220kV capacity and today it is vital in providing electricity to [[Kollam|Kollam City]] and [[Kollam–Thiruvananthapuram trunk line]] of [[Southern Railway zone|Southern Railways.]]


The power of availability of cheap hydroelectricity in Kundara then was such that, it prompted the famous [[Nobel Laureate]], [[C. V. Raman]] and his close associate, [[P. Krishnamurti]] to set up the first ever unit of their newly formed company, '''Travancore Chemical & Manufacturing Company Ltd''' (TCM Ltd) at Kundara in 1943.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BSE (formerly Bombay Stock Exchange)|url=https://www.bseindia.com/investors/ArchiveResearch.aspx?id=524156|access-date=2020-12-01|website=www.bseindia.com}}</ref> The unit produced [[Potassium chlorate]] an ingredient used in [[Safety match]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2002-04-15|title=C.V.Raman's gift to Kochi|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/cvramans-gift-to-kochi/article28370081.ece|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> This unit once existed near Elampalloor Masjid on present day [[NH 183]] and today it no longer exist
The power of availability of cheap hydroelectricity in Kundara then was such that, it prompted the famous [[Nobel Laureate]], [[C. V. Raman]] and his close associate, [[P. Krishnamurti]] to set up the first ever unit of their newly formed company, '''Travancore Chemical & Manufacturing Company Ltd''' (TCM Ltd) at Kundara in 1943.<ref>{{cite web|title=BSE (formerly Bombay Stock Exchange)|url=https://www.bseindia.com/investors/ArchiveResearch.aspx?id=524156|access-date=2020-12-01|website=www.bseindia.com}}</ref> The unit produced [[Potassium chlorate]] an ingredient used in [[Safety match]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2002-04-15|title=C.V.Raman's gift to Kochi|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/cvramans-gift-to-kochi/article28370081.ece|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> This unit once existed near Elampalloor Masjid on present day [[NH 183]] and today it no longer exist


The setting up of substation also helped start Aluminium Industry in Kundara. On the invitation of [[C. P. Ramaswami Iyer]] the [[Diwan of travancore]], on 2 January 1946, [[V. Seshasayee|Seshasayee Brothers Group]] of Madras started the famous '''ALIND, Kundara'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nainar|first=Nahla|date=2016-08-05|title=Switching on innovation|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Switching-on-innovation/article14553242.ece|access-date=2020-11-29|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The company was pioneers in aluminium electrical cable manufacturing in the region and has manufactured cables more than 1 crore km in length. The company slipped into crisis in late 1980's due to labour issues and poor management.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alind, the comeback kid|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/amp/nation/in-other-news/220817/alind-the-comeback-kid.html|access-date=2020-12-01|website=www.deccanchronicle.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sunny days again for Kundara Alind? - The New Indian Express|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2017/aug/01/sunny-days-again-for-kundara-alind-1636405.amp|access-date=2020-12-01|website=www.newindianexpress.com}}</ref>
The setting up of substation also helped start Aluminium Industry in Kundara. On the invitation of [[C. P. Ramaswami Iyer]] the [[Diwan of travancore]], on 2 January 1946, [[V. Seshasayee|Seshasayee Brothers Group]] of Madras started the famous '''ALIND, Kundara'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nainar|first=Nahla|date=2016-08-05|title=Switching on innovation|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Switching-on-innovation/article14553242.ece|access-date=2020-11-29|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The company was pioneers in aluminium electrical cable manufacturing in the region and has manufactured cables more than 1 crore km in length. The company slipped into crisis in the late 1980s due to labour issues and poor management.<ref>{{cite web|title=Alind, the comeback kid|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/amp/nation/in-other-news/220817/alind-the-comeback-kid.html|access-date=2020-12-01|website=www.deccanchronicle.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sunny days again for Kundara Alind? - The New Indian Express|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2017/aug/01/sunny-days-again-for-kundara-alind-1636405.amp|access-date=2020-12-01|website=www.newindianexpress.com}}</ref>


The industrial prowess of Kundara lead to establishment of [[Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company]] unit in Kundara for manufacturing train lighting alternator in 1964.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff Reporter|date=2018-05-29|title=Kollam industries to look up soon|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kollam-industries-to-look-up-soon/article24025944.ece|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
The industrial prowess of Kundara lead to establishment of [[Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company]] unit in Kundara for manufacturing train lighting alternator in 1964.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff Reporter|date=2018-05-29|title=Kollam industries to look up soon|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kollam-industries-to-look-up-soon/article24025944.ece|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>


After two lost decades the industrial sector in Kundara received a renewed attention since early 2010's. The setting up of Technopark Kollam at Kundara in February 2011 and renewed emphasis on revival of ALIND  KEL and Kerala Ceramics since 2016 are currently happening.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kollam Technopark inauguration on February 15|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2011/jan/30/kollam-technopark-inauguration-on-february-15-223251.html|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
After two lost decades the industrial sector in Kundara received a renewed attention since the early 2010s. The setting up of Technopark Kollam at Kundara in February 2011 and renewed emphasis on revival of ALIND  KEL and Kerala Ceramics since 2016 are currently happening.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kollam Technopark inauguration on February 15|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2011/jan/30/kollam-technopark-inauguration-on-february-15-223251.html|access-date=2020-12-01|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>


=== Kallumala Samaram ===
=== Kallumala Samaram ===
Line 121: Line 122:
†<small>Includes Not Stated, [[Sikh]]s (<0.01%), [[Buddhist]]s (<0.01%).</small>
†<small>Includes Not Stated, [[Sikh]]s (<0.01%), [[Buddhist]]s (<0.01%).</small>
}}
}}
As of the 2011 Census of India,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/628442-elampalloor-kerala.html|title=Elampalloor City Population Census 2011 - Kerala|website=www.census2011.co.in|access-date=2016-11-09}}</ref> Kundara is a census town in [[Kollam district|Kollam District]] in the state of Kerala with a total population of 33,959. The population of children aged 0–6 is 3243, representing 9.55% of the total population of Kundara. The female sex ratio is 1096 per 1000 males, against state average of 1084 and the child sex ratio is 993 females per 1000 males, compared to the Kerala state average of 964. Kundara's literacy rate is 93.99%, lower than the state average of 95%. The male literacy is 96.42% and the female literacy rate is 91.80%.
As of the 2011 Census of India,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/628442-elampalloor-kerala.html|title=Elampalloor City Population Census 2011 - Kerala|website=www.census2011.co.in|access-date=2016-11-09}}</ref> Kundara is a census town in [[Kollam district|Kollam District]] in the state of Kerala with a total population of 33,959. The population of children aged 0–6 is 3243, representing 9.55% of the total population of Kundara. The female sex ratio is 1096 per 1000 males, against state average of 1084 and the child sex ratio is 993 females per 1000 males, compared to the Kerala state average of 964. Kundara's literacy rate is 93.99%, lower than the state average of 95%. The male literacy is 96.42% and the female literacy rate is 91.80%.


== Politics ==
== Politics ==
Line 128: Line 129:
== Transport ==
== Transport ==
=== Railways ===
=== Railways ===
[[Kundara railway station|Kundara]] and [[Kundara East railway station|Kundara East]] are the railway stations in Kundara town. In [[Kerala]] it is very rare to have more than one railway station in a town.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiarailinfo.com/departures/kundara-east-kfv/7325 |title=Kundara East Railway Station |publisher=India Rail Info |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mathrubhumi.com/travel/article/travel_special/of_small_appam_and_kottarakkara/139317/ |title=Kundara Railway Station |publisher=India Rail Info |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> These stations are part of the [[Kollam–Sengottai branch line]].
[[Kundara railway station|Kundara]] and [[Kundara East railway station|Kundara East]] are the railway stations in Kundara town. In [[Kerala]] it is very rare to have more than one railway station in a town.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiarailinfo.com/departures/kundara-east-kfv/7325 |title=Kundara East Railway Station |publisher=India Rail Info |access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mathrubhumi.com/travel/article/travel_special/of_small_appam_and_kottarakkara/139317/ |title=Kundara Railway Station |publisher=India Rail Info |access-date=10 November 2016 |archive-date=28 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130828170452/http://www.mathrubhumi.com/travel/article/travel_special/of_small_appam_and_kottarakkara/139317/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> These stations are part of the [[Kollam–Sengottai branch line]].
 
[[File:Kundara Railway.jpg|thumb|416x416px|[[Kundara railway station|Kundara Railway Station (KUV)]]]]'''<big>Roadways</big>'''


=== Roadways ===
The [[National Highway 744 (India)]] and [[National Highway 183 (India)]] connect the city of [[Kollam]] with places in Tamil Nadu such as [[Madurai]] and [[Theni]], pass through Kundara.
The [[National Highway 744 (India)]] and [[National Highway 183 (India)]] connect the city of Kollam with places in Tamil Nadu such as Tirumangalam and Theni, pass through Kundara.


The nearest airport is [[Trivandrum International Airport]] which is 67&nbsp;km by road.
The nearest airport is [[Trivandrum International Airport]] which is 67&nbsp;km by road.
Line 137: Line 139:
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
{{commons category|Kundara}}
{{Kollam}}
{{Kollam}}
{{Kerala |state=collapsed}}
{{Kerala |state=collapsed}}

Revision as of 19:44, 20 July 2023

Kundara
Kundara
Census Town
Coordinates: 8°59′48.84″N 76°52′19.56″E / 8.9969000°N 76.8721000°E / 8.9969000; 76.8721000
Country India
StateKerala
DistrictKollam
Government
 • TypePanchayati Raj (India)
 • BodyKundara Grama Panchayat
Area
 • Total11.07 km2 (4.27 sq mi)
Elevation
37 m (121 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total14,651
 • Density1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialMalayalam, English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
691501
Telephone code+91 (0)474
ISO 3166 codeIN-KL
Vehicle registrationKL-02
Nearest cityKollam (13 km)
Sex ratio1096 ♂/♀
Literacy93.999%
Civic agencyKundara Panchayat
ClimateAm/Aw (Köppen)
Avg. annual temperature27.2 °C (81.0 °F)
Avg. summer temperature35 °C (95 °F)
Avg. winter temperature24.4 °C (75.9 °F)

Kundara is a census town in Kerala and is part of the Kollam Metropolitan Area, India.[2] Kundara is situated 13 km east of Kollam city, 14 km west of Kottarakkara, and 24 km north of Paravur. Kundara is significant for its historic involvement in the Indian independence movement.[3]

Kundara was once the industrial hub of Southern Kerala, which was the home to prominent industrial companies including Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company, The Aluminium Industries Limited, Kundara(commonly known as ALIND), The Kerala Ceramics Limited and the Lakshmi Starch company. Many of these companies have closed down or turned into sick industries. Kundara is attempting to revive this industrial tradition and glory of bygone era now by developing Technopark Kollam and The Kerala Ceramics Limited.[4][5][6]

Kundara is also famous for backwater fishing since it is located on the shores of Kanjiracode Lake, a branch of Ashtamudi Lake. This lake recently received Marine Stewardship council recognition for sustainable fishing.[7]

History

Kundara has a prominent place in the history of Kerala and the independence struggle of India. The place witnessed the historic Kundara proclamation made by then Dalava of Travancore, Velu Thampi Dalawa on 1809 January 11.[8]

Kundara Proclamation

Velu Thambi Dalawa, the Prime Minister/Diwan (Dalava) to King Balarama Varma of Travancore in present-day Kerala was one of the earliest opponents of British rule. Velu Thampi dalawa in January 1809 made a proclamation known as the Kundara Proclamation. It was an open call to arms, exhorting the common people to rise up against the British and to overthrow them. There was a massive response to his rallying call. Dalawa had to commit suicide on exile later at Mannadi near Adoor.[9]

In the year 2007, the then Education Minister of Kerala, Shri. M A Baby, unveiled the 'Kundara Vilambaram' memorial at Ellampallor from where the proclamation was made two centuries ago.[10]

The memorial of Kundara Proclamation near Elamballoor, Kundara

Industrial history

Since early days Kundara developed as a market place for trade due to 21 feet wide Quilon Sengotta Road that connected Travancore to Madras Presidency and proximity to water transport through Ashtamudi Lake. In 1904 the Kollam-Sengottai rail line opened up through Kundara. This development facilitated ease of transportation of man, machine and raw material for industrial production to Kollam through rail line from Madras.

In the 1920s Cashew industry boomed in and around Kollam. This gave the first taste of modern industry to Kundara and adjoining areas.

Kundara had abundant reserves of China-clay the key raw material for Ceramic and Porcelain. In 1937 during reign of Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma the clay processing industry was started in Kundara. In the 1960s this developed into The Kerala Ceramics Limited.[11]

The backbone of modern industrialisation of Kundara was setting up of a 66kV Electrical substation at Kundara on 3 May 1940 which complemented the Pallivasal project, the first hydroelectric project in Kerala.[12] This was part of the network of first eight substations established in Travancore between Thrissur and Trivandrum in order to transmit hydroelectricity generated to households towns and industries. The Kundara substation was later upgraded to 220kV capacity and today it is vital in providing electricity to Kollam City and Kollam–Thiruvananthapuram trunk line of Southern Railways.

The power of availability of cheap hydroelectricity in Kundara then was such that, it prompted the famous Nobel Laureate, C. V. Raman and his close associate, P. Krishnamurti to set up the first ever unit of their newly formed company, Travancore Chemical & Manufacturing Company Ltd (TCM Ltd) at Kundara in 1943.[13] The unit produced Potassium chlorate an ingredient used in Safety match.[14] This unit once existed near Elampalloor Masjid on present day NH 183 and today it no longer exist

The setting up of substation also helped start Aluminium Industry in Kundara. On the invitation of C. P. Ramaswami Iyer the Diwan of travancore, on 2 January 1946, Seshasayee Brothers Group of Madras started the famous ALIND, Kundara.[15] The company was pioneers in aluminium electrical cable manufacturing in the region and has manufactured cables more than 1 crore km in length. The company slipped into crisis in the late 1980s due to labour issues and poor management.[16][17]

The industrial prowess of Kundara lead to establishment of Kerala Electrical and Allied Engineering Company unit in Kundara for manufacturing train lighting alternator in 1964.[18]

After two lost decades the industrial sector in Kundara received a renewed attention since the early 2010s. The setting up of Technopark Kollam at Kundara in February 2011 and renewed emphasis on revival of ALIND KEL and Kerala Ceramics since 2016 are currently happening.[19]

Kallumala Samaram

Kallumala Samaram a historic event in Renaissance in Kerala also took place in Perinad near Kundara.

Demographics

Religion in Kundara[20]
Religion Percentage
Hinduism
 
 63%
Islam
 
 18%
Christianity
 
 18%
Others
 
 1%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Not Stated, Sikhs (<0.01%), Buddhists (<0.01%).

As of the 2011 Census of India,[21] Kundara is a census town in Kollam District in the state of Kerala with a total population of 33,959. The population of children aged 0–6 is 3243, representing 9.55% of the total population of Kundara. The female sex ratio is 1096 per 1000 males, against state average of 1084 and the child sex ratio is 993 females per 1000 males, compared to the Kerala state average of 964. Kundara's literacy rate is 93.99%, lower than the state average of 95%. The male literacy is 96.42% and the female literacy rate is 91.80%.

Politics

Kundara is one among the 11 legislative assembly constituencies in the district of Kollam. P. C. Vishnunadh is the current elected member from Kundara constituency.

Transport

Railways

Kundara and Kundara East are the railway stations in Kundara town. In Kerala it is very rare to have more than one railway station in a town.[22][23] These stations are part of the Kollam–Sengottai branch line.

Kundara Railway Station (KUV)

Roadways

The National Highway 744 (India) and National Highway 183 (India) connect the city of Kollam with places in Tamil Nadu such as Madurai and Theni, pass through Kundara.

The nearest airport is Trivandrum International Airport which is 67 km by road.

References

  1. ↑ "കൊല്ലം ജില്ലയിലെ ഗ്രാമ പഞ്ചായത്തുകളുടെ അടിസ്ഥാന വിവരങ്ങള്‍ | Deparyment of Panchayats". Dop.lsgkerala.gov.in. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
  2. ↑ "Thrikadavur becomes part of Kollam city". The Hindu. 9 June 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  3. ↑ Rajeev, Sharat Sunder (16 October 2015). "The unsung artist". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  4. ↑ "17 PSUs in Kerala register operational profit as 13 clock net profit". The New Indian Express. 11 April 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  5. ↑ "Kollam Urban Region". Census 2011. Retrieved 21 September 2014.
  6. ↑ "Kollam city population Census". census2011.co.in. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  7. ↑ "Kerala's Ashtamudi lake gets recognition for sustainable clam fishing". The Hindu. 7 November 2014. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  8. ↑ Rajeev, Sharat Sunder (6 May 2016). "Home of the brave". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  9. ↑ "'The Sword of Liberty': Freedom fighter Velu Thambi Dalawa's story in film". The News Minute. 18 June 2018. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  10. ↑ "Velu Thampi Dalawa memorial remains neglected". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  11. ↑ Staff Reporter (21 September 2020). "Renovated facilities for Kerala Ceramics". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  12. ↑ Pereira, Ignatius (3 May 2015). "Kundara substation reaches a milestone". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
  13. ↑ "BSE (formerly Bombay Stock Exchange)". www.bseindia.com. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  14. ↑ "C.V.Raman's gift to Kochi". The Hindu. 15 April 2002. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  15. ↑ Nainar, Nahla (5 August 2016). "Switching on innovation". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
  16. ↑ "Alind, the comeback kid". www.deccanchronicle.com. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  17. ↑ "Sunny days again for Kundara Alind? - The New Indian Express". www.newindianexpress.com. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  18. ↑ Staff Reporter (29 May 2018). "Kollam industries to look up soon". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  19. ↑ "Kollam Technopark inauguration on February 15". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  20. ↑ "Kundara/Elamballoor Town Census 2011 data". Census2011. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
  21. ↑ "Elampalloor City Population Census 2011 - Kerala". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  22. ↑ "Kundara East Railway Station". India Rail Info. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  23. ↑ "Kundara Railway Station". India Rail Info. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kundara&oldid=402684"
Discover more