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{{Short description|Filmmaking industry in Bihar}}
{{Copy edit|date=February 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox cinema market
| name                = Cinema of Bihar
| image                = File:Seal of Bihar.svg
| image_size          =
| alt                  =
| caption              =Bihar Emblem
| screens              =  269 ([[Bihar]])
| screens_per_capita  =
| distributors        =
| produced_year        = 2019
| produced_ref        = 
| produced_total      = 150
| produced_fictional  =
| produced_animated    =
| produced_documentary =
| admissions_year      =
| admissions_ref      =
| admissions_total    =
| admissions_per_capita =
| admissions_national  =
| box_office_year      =
| box_office_ref      =
| box_office_total    =
| box_office_national  =
}}
{{Culture of Bihar}}
{{Culture of Bihar}}
{{Indian cinema}}
{{Indian cinema}}
{{anchor|language}}
{{anchor|language}}
Cinemas in [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] language are predominantly produced in the [[Indian state]] of [[Bihar]].  Bihar also has relatively smaller [[Maithili language|Maithili]], [[Angika language|Angika]], and [[Magahi language|Magahi]] film industries.
Cinemas in the [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] language are predominantly produced in the [[Indian state]] of [[Bihar]].  Bihar also has relatively smaller [[Maithili language|Maithili]] and [[Magahi language|Magahi]] film industries.


== {{anchor|Golden Era}}History ==
== {{anchor|Golden Era}}History ==
Cinema in Bihar dates to the early years of the 20th century, when [[Jamshedji Framji Madan]] acquired the Elphinstone Theatre Company of Bombay in 1902 and converted it into the Elphinstone Bioscope Company. The Elphinstone Theatre in Patna became the Elphinstone Cinema, showing silent shorts until the advent of sound films. It continues in existence, with different ownership after the Madan empire's collapse during the 1930s. Another silent-cinema theatre in China Kothi, [[Patna]], closed early in the sound era (1931). The first sound theatre in Patna was in the Babu Bazar in the southwestern part of the city and opened with ''Veer Abhimanyu'' in 1933 or 1934. The theatre was destroyed by a fire caused by flammable [[nitrate film]], and was never rebuilt.
Cinema in Bihar dates back to the early years of the 20th century, when [[Jamshedji Framji Madan]] acquired the Elphinstone Theatre Company of [[Bombay]] in 1902 and converted it into the Elphinstone Bioscope Company. The Elphinstone Theatre in Patna became the Elphinstone Cinema, showing silent shorts until the advent of sound films. It still exists with different ownership after the Madan empire's collapse during the 1930s. Another silent-cinema theatre in China Kothi, [[Patna]], closed early in the sound era (1931). The first sound theatre in Patna was in the Babu Bazar in the southwestern part of the city and opened with ''Veer Abhimanyu'' in 1933 or 1934. The theatre was destroyed by a fire caused by flammable [[nitrate film]] and was never rebuilt.


The first Bihari film was the silent ''Life Divine'' or 'Punarjanma' with Arati Devi, Mr. A. K. Prosad B.L., Miss Pratima Devi, and Mr. N. G. Bhattacharya. It was produced by Raja Rana Jagarnnath Prasad Singh 'of Deo.<ref>'The Glorious First Production of Bihar - A drama full of Love, Romance & Action With Mythological Back Ground' (sic) - as described in the Puja Number of Filmland, October 1932.</ref> Arati Devi was a Jewish girl of 19 years when she made the film. She was born Rachel Sofaer in Rangoon, Burma in 1912 and moved with her parents and siblings to Calcutta, India, circa 1923. She had made only one other film a year before (1930) ''A Man Condemned'' and her career was cut short by marriage in 1933 to Sassoon Jonah. She died in childbirth in April 1948.
The first Bihari film was the silent ''Life Divine'' or 'Punarjanma' with Arati Devi, Mr. A. K. Prosad B.L., Miss Pratima Devi, and Mr. N. G. Bhattacharya. It was produced by Raja Rana Jagarnnath Prasad Singh.<ref>'The Glorious First Production of Bihar - A drama full of Love, Romance & Action With Mythological Back Ground' {{sic}} - as described in the Puja Number of Filmland, October 1932.</ref> Arati Devi was a Jewish girl and 19 years old when she made the film. She was born Rachel Sofaer in Rangoon, Burma, in 1912 and moved with her parents and siblings to Calcutta, India, {{circa|1923}}. She had made only one other film a year before, 1930's ''A Man Condemned'' and her career was cut short by marriage in 1933 to Sassoon Jonah. She died in childbirth in April 1948.


[[Prakash Jha]] made his feature-film debut with 1984's ''Hip Hip Huray'', a Hindi film shot in [[Jharkhand]] (then part of Bihar) and processed in Bombay. ''Patang'' was directed by [[Goutam Ghose]]. As of May 2012, more than 150 completed films are awaiting release.
[[Prakash Jha]] made his feature-film debut with 1984's [[Hip Hip Hurray (film)|Hip Hip Hurray]], a Hindi film shot in [[Jharkhand]] (then part of Bihar) and processed in Bombay. ''[[Patang (film)|Patang]]'' was directed by [[Goutam Ghose]]. As of May 2012, more than 150 completed films are awaiting release.


''[[Bhaiyaa]]'', a Magahi-language film, was released in 1961.<ref>[https://us.imdb.com/title/tt0236021/ Bhaiyaa - First Magadhi language film]</ref> The first Bhojpuri-language film, ''Ganga Maiya Tohe Piyari Chhadhaibo'', was made in 1962 and released the following year (although Bhojpuri and Maghi were spoken in a few earlier films, such as ''[[Gunga Jumna]]'' and ''Nadiya Ke Paar''). Films such as ''[[Laagi Nahi Chhute Ram]]'' and ''Bideshiya'' were popular in the [[Bhojpur district, India|Bhojpur district]].
''[[Bhaiyaa]]'', a Magahi-language film, was released in 1961.<ref>[https://us.imdb.com/title/tt0236021/ Bhaiyaa - First Magadhi language film]</ref> The first Bhojpuri-language film, ''Ganga Maiya Tohe Piyari Chhadhaibo'', was made in 1962 and released the following year (although Bhojpuri and Maghi were spoken in a few earlier films, such as ''[[Gunga Jumna]]'' and ''Nadiya Ke Paar''). Films such as ''[[Laagi Nahi Chhute Ram]]'' and ''Bideshiya'' were popular in the [[Bhojpur district, India|Bhojpur district]].


[[Bollywood]]'s ''[[Nadiya Ke Paar (1982 film)|Nadiya Ke Paar]]'' is one of the best-known Bhojpuri-language movie. The first Maithili-language film was 1965's ''[[Kanyadan film|Kanyadan]]'',<ref>https://us.imdb.com/title/tt0236358/ [[Kanyadan film|Kanyadan]] - First Maithili language film</ref> directed by [[Phani Majumdar]]. The film, about a man who decides to learn Maithili because it is his wife's only language, is based on Harimohan Jha's [[Hari Mohan Jha]] novel ''Kanyadaan''. ''Bhauji Maay'' and ''Mamta Gaave Geet'' (directed by C. Parmanand) were also popular; the latter was noted for its music and plot. [[Sasta Jingi Mahag Senur]] (directed by Muarli Dhar and released in 1999) was a successful Maithili film, with songs by [[Md. Aziz]], [[Sadhana Sargam]], [[Udit Narayan]] and Deepa Narayan.
[[Bollywood]]'s ''[[Nadiya Ke Paar (1982 film)|Nadiya Ke Paar]]'' is one of the best-known Bhojpuri-language films. The first Maithili-language film was 1965's ''[[Kanyadan film|Kanyadan]]'',<ref>https://us.imdb.com/title/tt0236358/ [[Kanyadan film|Kanyadan]] - First Maithili language film {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date= March 2022}}</ref> directed by [[Phani Majumdar]]. The film, about a man who decides to learn Maithili because it is his wife's only language, is based on Harimohan Jha's [[Hari Mohan Jha]] novel ''Kanyadaan''. ''Bhauji Maay'' and ''Mamta Gaave Geet'' (directed by C. Parmanand) were also popular; the latter was noted for its music and plot. [[Sasta Jingi Mahag Senur]] (directed by Muarli Dhar and released in 1999) was a successful Maithili film, with songs by [[Md. Aziz]], [[Sadhana Sargam]], [[Udit Narayan]] and Deepa Narayan.


Another successful Maithili film, ''[[Kakhan Harab Dukh Mor]]'', was based on the life of the Maithil poet [[Vidyapati]]. Phool Singh played the lead role, with music by Gyaneshwar Dubey.
Another successful Maithili film, ''[[Kakhan Harab Dukh Mor]]'', was based on the life of the Maithil poet [[Vidyapati]]. Phool Singh played the lead role, with music by Gyaneshwar Dubey.
Other Maithili films include ''Senurak Laaj'' and ''Dularua Babu''. Ashu-Priya Productions' ''Aau Piya Hamar Nagari'' was released in 2000, but was unsuccessful. Murli Dhar directed 90 percent of the film, with Manikant Mishra completing it.
Other Maithili films include ''Senurak Laaj'' and ''Dularua Babu''. Ashu-Priya Productions' ''Aau Piya Hamar Nagari'' was released in 2000, but was unsuccessful. Murli Dhar directed 90 percent of the film, with Manikant Mishra completing it.


In November 2007 the Maithili film ''Sindurdan'' was released but the film was withdrawn from theatres due to sound problems. ''Senuriya'', directed by B.D. Prasad Chaudhary with music by Gyaneshwar Dubey, is dubbed from Tamil into Maithili with Surya and Diva Shree in lead roles as actors and Rami Reddy as an antagonist.
In November 2007 the Maithili film ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_TxnmHpIi4 Sindurdan]'' was released but the film was withdrawn from theatres due to sound problems. ''Senuriya'', directed by B.D. Prasad Chaudhary with music by Gyaneshwar Dubey, is dubbed from Tamil into Maithili with Surya and Diva Shree acting in lead roles and Rami Reddy playing the antagonist.


Banner Dev Kala Arts and A. Y. Movies' 2005 ''Garibak Beti'',  directed by [[Manoj Jha]] and produced by Ajay Yash, was a low-budget Maithili success. Jha's next film was 2010's ''Mayak Karz'', for the same producers. ''Suhagin'' and ''Khurluchchi'' Two other hit Maithili films were released in 2011: ''Sajana Ke Anagana Me Solah Singaar'' (directed by Murli Dhar) and ''Mukhiya Jee'' (directed by Vikash Jha). Another successful Maithili movie, ''An Ideal Lady - Ramaulwali'', was released in November 2014, directed by Niraj Yadav and Randhir Singh.
Banner Dev Kala Arts and A. Y. Movies' 2005 ''Garibak Beti'',  directed by [[Manoj Jha]] and produced by Ajay Yash, was a low-budget Maithili success. Jha's next film was 2010's ''Mayak Karz'', for the same producers. ''Suhagin'' and ''Khurluchchi'' Two other hit Maithili films were released in 2011: ''Sajana Ke Anagana Me Solah Singaar'' (directed by Murli Dhar) and ''Mukhiya Jee'' (directed by Vikash Jha). Another successful Maithili movie, ''An Ideal Lady - Ramaulwali'', was released in November 2014, directed by Niraj Yadav and Randhir Singh.


In October 2019, Maithili film [[Gamak Ghar]] premiered at 21st Jio [[Mumbai Academy of the Moving Image|MAMI]] Mumbai Film Festival 2019, becoming the first Maithili film to be selected for the festival. Cited as the first art-house film from the region, the film received a warm reception both at the festival and online release on streaming platform [[Mubi (streaming service)|Mubi]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-21|title=Gamak Ghar: Remembering the house left behind|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/art-and-culture/gamak-ghar-mubi-anchal-mish-6419609/|access-date=2020-06-22|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
In October 2019, Maithili film [[Gamak Ghar]] premiered at 21st Jio [[Mumbai Academy of the Moving Image|MAMI]] Mumbai Film Festival 2019, becoming the first Maithili film to be selected for the festival. Cited as the first art-house film from the region, the film received a warm reception both at the festival and online release on the streaming platform [[Mubi (streaming service)|Mubi]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-21|title=Gamak Ghar: Remembering the house left behind|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/art-and-culture/gamak-ghar-mubi-anchal-mish-6419609/|access-date=2020-06-22|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>


==Film Festivals==
==Film Festivals==
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The Patna Film Festival is an [[List of film festivals|international film festival]] with participants from [[Cinema of Iran|Iran]], [[Cinema of Canada|Canada]], [[Cinema of China|China]], [[Cinema of Japan|Japan]], [[Cinema of Sweden|Sweden]], [[Cinema of Germany|Germany]], [[Cinema of Russia|Russia]], [[Cinema of the United States|U.S.]] and [[Cinema of India|India]].Begun in 2006, it is organized by of Union Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, the [[National Film Development Corporation of India|National Film Development Corporation]] (NFDC), the [[National Film Archive of India]], the [[Federation of Film Societies of India]] and the [[Government of Bihar|state government]].
The Patna Film Festival is an [[List of film festivals|international film festival]] with participants from [[Cinema of Iran|Iran]], [[Cinema of Canada|Canada]], [[Cinema of China|China]], [[Cinema of Japan|Japan]], [[Cinema of Sweden|Sweden]], [[Cinema of Germany|Germany]], [[Cinema of Russia|Russia]], [[Cinema of the United States|U.S.]] and [[Cinema of India|India]].Begun in 2006, it is organized by of Union Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, the [[National Film Development Corporation of India|National Film Development Corporation]] (NFDC), the [[National Film Archive of India]], the [[Federation of Film Societies of India]] and the [[Government of Bihar|state government]].


Mini-film festivals were organized regularly by Cine-Society, Patna during the summer and winter from 1973 to 1989; the last festival featured Charlie Chaplin films for the worldwide celebration of his centenary. Cine-Society aided the Government of India and cultural organizations, such as the Bihar Art Theater. Facing competition from video, broadcast and satellite television, the society is smaller but screens about twelve feature and four documentary films from around the world each month, organizes film-appreciation workshops and discussions, publishes a monthly newsletter and continues assisting governmental and non-governmental groups organize one or two mini-film festivals annually.
Mini-film festivals were organized regularly by Patna's Cine-Society during the summer and winter from 1973 to 1989; the last festival featured Charlie Chaplin films for the worldwide celebration of his centenary. Cine-Society aided the Government of India and cultural organizations, such as the Bihar Art Theater. Facing competition from video, broadcast and satellite television, the society is smaller but screens about twelve feature and four documentary films from around the world each month, organizes film-appreciation workshops and discussions, publishes a monthly newsletter and continues assisting governmental and non-governmental groups organize one or two mini-film festivals annually.


== Film City ==
== Film City ==
Line 34: Line 63:
* [[Rajgir Film City]]
* [[Rajgir Film City]]
* [[Valmikinagar Film City]]
* [[Valmikinagar Film City]]
==Cinema by language==
{| class="wikitable" style="width:33em; text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"
|+Breakdown by languages
|-
| colspan="2" style="font-size:90%; text-align:left;" |2021 Indian feature films certified by the [[Central Board of Film Certification]] by languages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmfed.org/downloads/Language-wise-Region-2018-19-26062019.pdf|title=Film Federation Of India}}</ref><br /><small>Note: This table indicates the number of films certified by the CBFC's regional offices in nine cities. The actual number of films produced may be less.</small>
|-
!Language!!No. of films
|-
| [[Bhojpuri cinema|Bhojpuri]]
| 104
|-
| [[Maithili cinema|Maithili]]
| 35
|-The first successful movie is Kanyadan(1960)
| [[Magahi cinema|Magahi]]
| 0
|-
|-
| '''Total'''
| 139
|}
=== Bhojpuri ===
{{Main|Bhojpuri cinema}}
[[Bhojpuri language]] films predominantly cater to residents of western Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh and also have a large audience in [[Delhi]] and Mumbai due to migration of Bhojpuri speakers to these cities. Besides India, markets for these films developed in other Bhojpuri speaking countries of the [[West Indies]], Oceania and South America.<ref>{{cite book| last = Mesthrie| first = Rajend| title = Language in Indenture: A Sociolinguistic History of Bhojpuri-Hindi in South Africa| year = 1991| publisher = Routledge| location = London| isbn = 978-0-415-06404-0| pages = 19–32 }}</ref>
Bhojpuri film history begins with ''[[Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo]]'' (''Mother Ganges, I will offer you a yellow sari'', 1962, Kundan Kumar).<ref>{{IMDb title|0233774|Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo}}</ref> Throughout the following decades, few films were produced. Films such as ''[[Bidesiya (film)|Bidesiya]]'' (''Foreigner'', 1963, [[S. N. Tripathi]]) and ''Ganga'' (''Ganges,'' 1965, Kumar) were profitable and popular, but in general Bhojpuri films were not common in the 1960s and 1970s.
The industry experienced a revival in 2001 with the hit ''Saiyyan Hamar'' (''My Sweetheart,'' Mohan Prasad), which shot [[Ravi Kishan|Ravi Kissan]] to superstardom.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060414/asp/etc/story_6075200.asp |title=The Telegraph – Calcutta: etc |work=The Telegraph|location=Calcutta |date=14 April 2006 |access-date=12 November 2010}}</ref> This was followed by several other successes, including ''Panditji Batai Na Biyah Kab Hoi'' (''Priest, tell me when I will marry,'' 2005, Prasad), and ''Sasura Bada Paisa Wala'' (''My father-in-law, the rich guy,'' 2005). Both did much better business in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar than mainstream Bollywood hits, and both earned more than ten times their production costs.<ref>"Move over Bollywood, Here's Bhojpuri," BBC News Online: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/world/south_asia/4512812.stm</ref> Although smaller than other Indian film industries, these successes increased Bhojpuri cinema's visibility, leading to an awards show<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhojpurifilmaward.com/ |title=Home |publisher=Bhojpuri Film Award |access-date=12 November 2010}}</ref> and a trade magazine, ''Bhojpuri City''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhojpuricity.com/ |title=bhojpuricity.com |publisher=bhojpuricity.com |access-date=25 April 2014}}</ref>
=== Maithili ===
[[:Category:Maithili-language films|Maithili Films]] , first full-length was [[Kanyadan (film)|Kanyadan]] released in 1965.<ref>{{Cite web|title=First Maithili movie? - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bhojpuri/movies/did-you-know/first-maithili-movie/articleshow/14174788.cms|access-date=2021-07-18|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> There are numerous films made in the Maithili over the years<ref>{{Cite web|title='प्यारी बहनिया बनेगी दुल्हनिया मैथिली फिल्म का मुहुर्त|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/news/darbhanga/article1-Beloved-bride-will-Bhnia-Maithili-auspicious-film-609500.html|access-date=2021-07-18|website=Hindustan|language=hindi}}</ref> but [[Mithila Makhaan]] is such a special film that got success to grab everyone's attention after winning the National Award in regional films category.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Neetu Chandra's 'Mithila Makhaan' wins 'Best Maithili Film' National Award! - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/neetu-chandras-mithila-makhaan-wins-best-maithili-film-national-award/articleshow/51614931.cms|access-date=2021-07-18|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>


== Awards ==
== Awards ==


* [[International Bhojpuri Film Awards]]
{| class="wikitable"
* [[Bhojpuri Film Awards]]
|+Prominent non-governmental awards
* [[Sabrang Film Awards]]
|-
! Award !! Year of <br />Inception !! Awarded by
|-
|[[Bhojpuri Film Awards]]
|2001
|AB5 Multimedia
|-
|[[Sabrang Film Awards]]
|2014
|[[Godrej Consumer Products]]
|-
|[[International Bhojpuri Film Awards]]
|2015
|Yashi Films International
|-
|}


==Directors==
==Directors==
Line 46: Line 124:
* [[N. Mandal]]
* [[N. Mandal]]
* [[Kabeer Kaushik]]
* [[Kabeer Kaushik]]
* [[Naveen Bhardwaj]]<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9358322/</ref>
* [[Naveen Bhardwaj]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Naveen Bhardwaj|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm9358322/|access-date=2022-01-28|website=IMDb}}</ref>
* [[Manoj K.Jha]]<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4083927/#director</ref>
* [[Manoj K.Jha]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Manoj K. Jha|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm4083927/|access-date=2022-01-28|website=IMDb}}</ref>
* Achal Mishra
* Achal Mishra


==Actors==
==Notable people==
 
;Actors
* [[Sanjay Mishra (actor)|Sanjay Mishra]]
Ashok Kumar,Shatrughan Sinha,Shekhar Suman,Kunal,Manoj Bajpai,Manoj Tiwari,Sanjay Mishra,
* [[Manoj Bajpayee]]
;Actresses
* [[Satyam Jha]]
Jahan Ara Kajjan,Kumkum,Neha Sharma,Sonakshi Sinha,Shilpa Shukla,Nitu Chandra,Anurita Jha
* [[Damodar Raao]]
;Singers
* [[N. Mandal]]
Udit Narayan,Hariharan,Sonu Nigam
* [[Manish Anand]]
* [[Chandan singh]]
* [[Niraj Yadav]]
* [[Pradeep Sharma (actor)|Pradeep Sharma]]
* [[Dharmvir Kumar]]
* [[Kamalnath Singh Thakur]]
* [[Brajesh Bhelloriya]]
* [[Vivek kumar sharma]]
* [[K K Goswami]]
* [[Suraj K Shah]]
* [[Balajee Vinayak]]
* [[Murlidhar]]
* [[Lalitesh Jha]]
* [[Rajeev Singh]]
* [[Manoj BajpaiBajpayee]]
* [[Sanjeev Poonam Mishra]]
* [[Rahul Sinha (actor)|Rahul Sinha]]
* [[Romi Thakur]]
* [[Shubh Narayan Jha]]
* [[Vinod Gwaar]]
* [[Bhawanath Jha]]
* [[Dinesh Mishra]]
* [[Rajendra Karn]]
* [[Dharmendra Morbaita]]
* [[Manoj Harsh]]
* [[Ravindra Kumar, Ravi]]
* [[Vijay Mishra]]
* [[Anil Mishra]]
* [[Damodar Raao]]
* [[Gaurav Jha]]
* [[Hrithik Vardhan]]
* [[Mantu Jha]]
* [[Sunil Jha]]
* [[Shambhu Nath Mishra]]
* [[Uttam Chaudhary]]
* [[Rajesh Singh (actor)|Rajesh Singh]]
* [[Ankur patel]]
* [[Kuldip kumar]]
* [[Ashutosh Sagar]]<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10168460/?ref_=nv_sr_1</ref>
*[[Pawan Singh]]
*[[Khesari Lal Yadav]]<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6378386/</ref>
 
==Actresses==
*[[Neetu Chandra]]
*[[Neetu Singh]]
* [[Anurita Jha]]
* [[Kaveri Jha]]
* Sangeeta Mishra


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Cinema of the world]]
* [[Bhojpuri cinema]]
* [[Bhojpuri Film Industry]]
* [[List of Bhojpuri actors]]
* [[Bhojpuri Film Award]]
* [[List of Bhojpuri actresses]]
* [[List of Bhojpuri films]]
* [[List of Bhojpuri singers]]
* [[:category:Magahi-language films|Magahi language films]]
* [[List of Bhojpuri people]]
* [[:category:Maithili-language films|Maithili language films]]


== References ==
== References ==
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Director
Director


{{DEFAULTSORT:Cinema Of Bihar}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bihar (cinema)}}
[[Category:Cinema of Bihar| ]]
[[Category:Cinema of Bihar]]
[[Category:Bhojpuri-language films|Bhojpuri language films]]
[[Category:Magahi-language films|Magahi language films]]
[[Category:Maithili-language films|Maithili language films]]

Latest revision as of 03:09, 2 July 2022


Cinema of Bihar
Bihar Emblem
No. of screens269 (Bihar)
Produced feature films (2019)
Total150

Template:Culture of Bihar

Indian cinema

Cinemas in the Bhojpuri language are predominantly produced in the Indian state of Bihar. Bihar also has relatively smaller Maithili and Magahi film industries.

History[edit | edit source]

Cinema in Bihar dates back to the early years of the 20th century, when Jamshedji Framji Madan acquired the Elphinstone Theatre Company of Bombay in 1902 and converted it into the Elphinstone Bioscope Company. The Elphinstone Theatre in Patna became the Elphinstone Cinema, showing silent shorts until the advent of sound films. It still exists with different ownership after the Madan empire's collapse during the 1930s. Another silent-cinema theatre in China Kothi, Patna, closed early in the sound era (1931). The first sound theatre in Patna was in the Babu Bazar in the southwestern part of the city and opened with Veer Abhimanyu in 1933 or 1934. The theatre was destroyed by a fire caused by flammable nitrate film and was never rebuilt.

The first Bihari film was the silent Life Divine or 'Punarjanma' with Arati Devi, Mr. A. K. Prosad B.L., Miss Pratima Devi, and Mr. N. G. Bhattacharya. It was produced by Raja Rana Jagarnnath Prasad Singh.[1] Arati Devi was a Jewish girl and 19 years old when she made the film. She was born Rachel Sofaer in Rangoon, Burma, in 1912 and moved with her parents and siblings to Calcutta, India, c. 1923. She had made only one other film a year before, 1930's A Man Condemned and her career was cut short by marriage in 1933 to Sassoon Jonah. She died in childbirth in April 1948.

Prakash Jha made his feature-film debut with 1984's Hip Hip Hurray, a Hindi film shot in Jharkhand (then part of Bihar) and processed in Bombay. Patang was directed by Goutam Ghose. As of May 2012, more than 150 completed films are awaiting release.

Bhaiyaa, a Magahi-language film, was released in 1961.[2] The first Bhojpuri-language film, Ganga Maiya Tohe Piyari Chhadhaibo, was made in 1962 and released the following year (although Bhojpuri and Maghi were spoken in a few earlier films, such as Gunga Jumna and Nadiya Ke Paar). Films such as Laagi Nahi Chhute Ram and Bideshiya were popular in the Bhojpur district.

Bollywood's Nadiya Ke Paar is one of the best-known Bhojpuri-language films. The first Maithili-language film was 1965's Kanyadan,[3] directed by Phani Majumdar. The film, about a man who decides to learn Maithili because it is his wife's only language, is based on Harimohan Jha's Hari Mohan Jha novel Kanyadaan. Bhauji Maay and Mamta Gaave Geet (directed by C. Parmanand) were also popular; the latter was noted for its music and plot. Sasta Jingi Mahag Senur (directed by Muarli Dhar and released in 1999) was a successful Maithili film, with songs by Md. Aziz, Sadhana Sargam, Udit Narayan and Deepa Narayan.

Another successful Maithili film, Kakhan Harab Dukh Mor, was based on the life of the Maithil poet Vidyapati. Phool Singh played the lead role, with music by Gyaneshwar Dubey. Other Maithili films include Senurak Laaj and Dularua Babu. Ashu-Priya Productions' Aau Piya Hamar Nagari was released in 2000, but was unsuccessful. Murli Dhar directed 90 percent of the film, with Manikant Mishra completing it.

In November 2007 the Maithili film Sindurdan was released but the film was withdrawn from theatres due to sound problems. Senuriya, directed by B.D. Prasad Chaudhary with music by Gyaneshwar Dubey, is dubbed from Tamil into Maithili with Surya and Diva Shree acting in lead roles and Rami Reddy playing the antagonist.

Banner Dev Kala Arts and A. Y. Movies' 2005 Garibak Beti, directed by Manoj Jha and produced by Ajay Yash, was a low-budget Maithili success. Jha's next film was 2010's Mayak Karz, for the same producers. Suhagin and Khurluchchi Two other hit Maithili films were released in 2011: Sajana Ke Anagana Me Solah Singaar (directed by Murli Dhar) and Mukhiya Jee (directed by Vikash Jha). Another successful Maithili movie, An Ideal Lady - Ramaulwali, was released in November 2014, directed by Niraj Yadav and Randhir Singh.

In October 2019, Maithili film Gamak Ghar premiered at 21st Jio MAMI Mumbai Film Festival 2019, becoming the first Maithili film to be selected for the festival. Cited as the first art-house film from the region, the film received a warm reception both at the festival and online release on the streaming platform Mubi.[4]

Film Festivals[edit | edit source]

Main articles: Patna Film Festival and Bodhisattava International Film Festival

The Patna Film Festival is an international film festival with participants from Iran, Canada, China, Japan, Sweden, Germany, Russia, U.S. and India.Begun in 2006, it is organized by of Union Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, the National Film Development Corporation (NFDC), the National Film Archive of India, the Federation of Film Societies of India and the state government.

Mini-film festivals were organized regularly by Patna's Cine-Society during the summer and winter from 1973 to 1989; the last festival featured Charlie Chaplin films for the worldwide celebration of his centenary. Cine-Society aided the Government of India and cultural organizations, such as the Bihar Art Theater. Facing competition from video, broadcast and satellite television, the society is smaller but screens about twelve feature and four documentary films from around the world each month, organizes film-appreciation workshops and discussions, publishes a monthly newsletter and continues assisting governmental and non-governmental groups organize one or two mini-film festivals annually.

Film City[edit | edit source]

Cinema by language[edit | edit source]

Breakdown by languages
2021 Indian feature films certified by the Central Board of Film Certification by languages.[5]
Note: This table indicates the number of films certified by the CBFC's regional offices in nine cities. The actual number of films produced may be less.
Language No. of films
Bhojpuri 104
Maithili 35
Magahi 0
Total 139

Bhojpuri[edit | edit source]

Main article: Bhojpuri cinema

Bhojpuri language films predominantly cater to residents of western Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh and also have a large audience in Delhi and Mumbai due to migration of Bhojpuri speakers to these cities. Besides India, markets for these films developed in other Bhojpuri speaking countries of the West Indies, Oceania and South America.[6]

Bhojpuri film history begins with Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo (Mother Ganges, I will offer you a yellow sari, 1962, Kundan Kumar).[7] Throughout the following decades, few films were produced. Films such as Bidesiya (Foreigner, 1963, S. N. Tripathi) and Ganga (Ganges, 1965, Kumar) were profitable and popular, but in general Bhojpuri films were not common in the 1960s and 1970s.

The industry experienced a revival in 2001 with the hit Saiyyan Hamar (My Sweetheart, Mohan Prasad), which shot Ravi Kissan to superstardom.[8] This was followed by several other successes, including Panditji Batai Na Biyah Kab Hoi (Priest, tell me when I will marry, 2005, Prasad), and Sasura Bada Paisa Wala (My father-in-law, the rich guy, 2005). Both did much better business in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar than mainstream Bollywood hits, and both earned more than ten times their production costs.[9] Although smaller than other Indian film industries, these successes increased Bhojpuri cinema's visibility, leading to an awards show[10] and a trade magazine, Bhojpuri City.[11]

Maithili[edit | edit source]

Maithili Films , first full-length was Kanyadan released in 1965.[12] There are numerous films made in the Maithili over the years[13] but Mithila Makhaan is such a special film that got success to grab everyone's attention after winning the National Award in regional films category.[14]

Awards[edit | edit source]

Prominent non-governmental awards
Award Year of
Inception		 Awarded by
Bhojpuri Film Awards 2001 AB5 Multimedia
Sabrang Film Awards 2014 Godrej Consumer Products
International Bhojpuri Film Awards 2015 Yashi Films International

Directors[edit | edit source]

Notable people[edit | edit source]

Actors

Ashok Kumar,Shatrughan Sinha,Shekhar Suman,Kunal,Manoj Bajpai,Manoj Tiwari,Sanjay Mishra,

Actresses

Jahan Ara Kajjan,Kumkum,Neha Sharma,Sonakshi Sinha,Shilpa Shukla,Nitu Chandra,Anurita Jha

Singers

Udit Narayan,Hariharan,Sonu Nigam

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 'The Glorious First Production of Bihar - A drama full of Love, Romance & Action With Mythological Back Ground' [sic] - as described in the Puja Number of Filmland, October 1932.
  2. ↑ Bhaiyaa - First Magadhi language film
  3. ↑ https://us.imdb.com/title/tt0236358/ Kanyadan - First Maithili language film Template:User-generated source
  4. ↑ "Gamak Ghar: Remembering the house left behind". The Indian Express. 21 May 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  5. ↑ "Film Federation Of India" (PDF).
  6. ↑ Mesthrie, Rajend (1991). Language in Indenture: A Sociolinguistic History of Bhojpuri-Hindi in South Africa. London: Routledge. pp. 19–32. ISBN 978-0-415-06404-0.
  7. ↑ Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo on IMDb
  8. ↑ "The Telegraph – Calcutta: etc". The Telegraph. Calcutta. 14 April 2006. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  9. ↑ "Move over Bollywood, Here's Bhojpuri," BBC News Online: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/world/south_asia/4512812.stm
  10. ↑ "Home". Bhojpuri Film Award. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  11. ↑ "bhojpuricity.com". bhojpuricity.com. Retrieved 25 April 2014.
  12. ↑ "First Maithili movie? - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  13. ↑ "'प्यारी बहनिया बनेगी दुल्हनिया मैथिली फिल्म का मुहुर्त". Hindustan (in hindi). Retrieved 18 July 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  14. ↑ "Neetu Chandra's 'Mithila Makhaan' wins 'Best Maithili Film' National Award! - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  15. ↑ "Naveen Bhardwaj". IMDb. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  16. ↑ "Manoj K. Jha". IMDb. Retrieved 28 January 2022.

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