Udayaravichandrika

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Udayaravichandrika
ArohanamS G₂ M₁ P N₂ 
Avarohanam N₂ P M₁ G₂ S
EquivalentMinor pentatonic scale

Udayaravichandrika is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is an audava rāgam (or owdava rāgam, meaning pentatonic scale ). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale), as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes). Closer to Udayaravichandrika in Hindustani music is Dhani.[1][2] But Dhani has N2 while Udayaravichandrika N3 in theory.

Structure and Lakshana[edit]

Udayaravichandrika scale with shadjam at C

Udayaravichandrika is a symmetric rāgam that does not contain rishabham or dhaivatam. It is a pentatonic scale (audava-audava rāgam in Carnatic music classification - audava meaning 'of 5') and is equivalent to the Minor Pentatonic Scale in Western Music.[3] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

The notes used in this scale sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam and kaisiki nishadham. Udayaravichandrika is considered a janya rāgam of Kharaharapriya, the 22nd melakarta rāgam,[2] though it can be derived from other melakarta rāgams, Hanumatodi, Natabhairavi or Natakapriya, by dropping both rishabham and dhaivatam.

Udayaravichandrika and Suddha Dhanyasi are closely related, so much that many performers treat the two as interchangeable. Some contemporary practitioners consider Shuddha Dhanyasi as more inflected (i.e., using more gamakas), and Udayaravichandrika to be more in the Hindustani tradition with almost bare (i.e., uninflected) notes. Puritans, however, refer to the fact that Udayaravichandrika is an ancient raga in the Venkatamakhin tradition and was reputed to be created by Muthuswamy Dikshitar himself. However, at that time, it had kakali nishadam rather than the kaisiki nishadam of Suddha Dhanyasi.

However, the Kaisaki nishadam is used in this topic making more towards Sudha Dhanyasi. The Udaya Ravichandrika, in its pure form should have the following arohana and avarohana:

arohanam      = S G₂ M₁ P N₃ 
avarohanam    =  N₃ P M₁ G₂ S

In recent years this distinction seems to have blurred, and both ragas are considered roughly equivalent.

Popular compositions[edit]

Here are some popular kritis composed in Suddha Dhanyasi raga.

Film Songs[edit]

Language:Tamil[edit]

Song Movie Year Composer Singer
Anandamaana Naadham Shyamala 1952 G. Ramanathan M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
Vaa Vaa Valarmathiye Vanangamudi 1957 M. L. Vasanthakumari
Aairathil Oruthiyamma Kai Koduttha Dheivam 1964 K. V. Mahadevan T. M. Soundararajan
Mella Mella Sarada 1962
Thookanna Kuruvi Kodu Vanambadi 1963 P. Susheela
Navaraathiri Subha Raathiri Navarathri 1964
Ival Oru Pournami Ival Oru Pournami 1986 T. K. Ramamoorthy
Kangal Engey Karnan 1964 Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy
Neeye Unaku Endrum Bale Pandiya 1962 T. M. Soundararajan, M. Raju
Thottal Poo Malarum Padagotti 1964 T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela
Paal Vannam Paruvam Paasam 1962 P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela
Nallavan Enaku Naane Padithal Mattum Podhuma 1962 T. M. Soundararajan, P. B. Sreenivas
Unnidathil Ennai Koduthen Avalukendru Oru Manam 1971 M. S. Viswanathan S. Janaki
Iyarkai Ennum Shanti Nilayam 1969 S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela
Nama Ooru Singari Ninaithale Inikkum (1979 film) 1979 S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Thirupparang Kundrathil Kandhan Karunai 1967 Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi, P. Susheela
Vaa Ponmayile Poonthalir 1979 Illayaraja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Mancholai Kilithano

(2nd Charanam Starts in Ragam Kharaharapriya)

Kizhakke Pogum Rail 1978 P. Jayachandran
Nadhiyoram Annai Oru Aalayam 1979 S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela
Aayiram Malargalae Niram Maaratha Pookkal 1979 Malaysia Vasudevan, S. P. Sailaja, Jency Anthony
Siru Ponmani Kallukkul Eeram 1980 Illayaraja, Malaysia Vasudevan, S. Janaki
Kalakalakum Maniosai Eeramana Rojave 1991 Mano, S. Janaki
Varaathu Vantha Thalattu Padava 1990 Arunmozhi, S. Janaki
Ila Nenje Vaa Vanna Vanna Pookkal 1992 K. J. Yesudas
Maalayil Yaro Manathodu Chatriyan 1990 Swarnalatha
Punjai Undu Unnal Mudiyum Thambi 1988 S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Sempoove Poove Siraichalai 1996 S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
Paramal Paartha Nenjam Poonthotta Kaavalkaaran 1988 Mano, K. S. Chithra
Kalathanamaha Ulle Veliye 1993
Kathal Nilavey Poove Manikuyil 1993 Arunmozhi, Uma Ramanan
Kalayil Kethattu Senthamizh Paattu 1992 S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha
Vilakku Vaipom Athma 1993 S. Janaki
Enna Solli Paduvatho En Mana Vaanil 2002 Hariharan, Sadhana Sargam
Pudhu Routeladan Meera 1992 K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra
Poththi Vachcha Mann Vasanai 1983 S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Hey Unnai Thaane Nee Endha Kadhal Parisu 1987
Poo Poo Poo Pudhu Nellu Pudhu Naathu 1991
Adi Netriravu Innisai Mazhai 1992
Pongiyathe Kadhal Vellam Mannukkul Vairam 1986 Devendran
Mandhiram Sonnen Vedham Pudhithu 1987 Mano, S. Janaki
Aruvi Kooda Jathi Illamal Gowri Manohari M. M. A. Iniyavan S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. J. Yesudas
Thanthana Thaimasam Thavasi 2001 Vidyasagar K. J. Yesudas, Sadhana Sargam
Kanakandenadi Parthiban Kanavu 2003 Madhu Balakrishnan
Thirumana Malargal Poovellam Un Vasam 2001 Swarnalatha
Minsaram En Meethu Run 2002 Harish Raghavendra, Sadhana Sargam, Jack Smelly
Thootal Poo Malarum New 2004 A. R. Rahman Hariharan, Harini
Ale Ale Boys 2003 Karthik, Chitra Sivaraman
Maaza Maaza Sillunu Oru Kaadhal 2006 S. P. B. Charan, Shreya Ghoshal
Vaaji Vaaji Sivaji: The Boss 2007 Hariharan, Madhushree
Aila Aila I 2015 Aditya Rao, Natalie Di Luccio
Maatharey Bigil 2019 Chinmayi, Madhura Dhara Talluri, Sireesha, Akshara, Vithusayni
Unnai Ninaithu Ninaithen Vandhai 1998 Deva S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chitra, Sujatha
Azhaga Kallazhaga Kallazhagar 1999 K. S. Chitra, Kalpana Raghavendar
Chinna Chinna Kiliye Kannedhirey Thondrinal 1998 Hariharan, Anuradha Sriram, Mahanadhi Shobana
Ooh Vandhadhu Aval Varuvala 1998 S. A. Rajkumar Hariharan
Ponman Kuyil Manasukkul Mathappu 1988 S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Thoda Thodu Enavae Vanavil Thulladha Manamum Thullum 1999 Hariharan, K. S. Chitra
Thiyagarajarin Pennin Manathai Thottu 2000 P. Unnikrishnan, Nithyasree Mahadevan, S. A. Rajkumar, Febi Mani
Azhagiya Karthigai Devaraagam 1996 M. M. Keeravani K. S. Chitra
Veesum Kaatrukku Ullaasam 1997 Karthik Raja P. Unnikrishnan, Harini
Yaar Indha Devathai Unnai Ninaithu 2002 Sirpy Hariharan
Kannukkul Yetho Thiruvilaiyaadal Aarambam 2006 D. Imman Vijay Yesudas, Rita
Roja Kadale Anegan 2015 Harris Jayaraj Shankar Mahadevan, Sunidhi Chauhan, Chinmayi
Para Para Pattaampoochi Kattradhu Thamizh 2007 Yuvan Shankar Raja Rahul Nambiar
Vaanam Thoovum Poo Mazhaiye Punnagai Poove 2003 Harish Raghavendra, Kovai Ranjani
Masaamaa 6 Masaamaa Engaeyum Eppothum 2011 Sathya Sathya,Aalap Raju

Language:Malayalam[edit]

Song Movie Year Composer Singer
Souparnikamrutha Veechikal Kizhakkunarum Pakshi 1991 Raveendran KJ Yesudas

Language: Kannada[edit]

Song Movie Year Composer Singer
Nanna Aase Hannagi Auto Raja 1982 Rajan–Nagendra S.P. Balasubramanyam, S. Janaki

Album Song[edit]

Language:English[edit]

Song Year Artist Producer Singer Album
I'll Be Gone 2012 Linkin Park Mike Shinoda, Rick Rubin Chester Bennington Living Things
Shape of You 2017 Ed Sheeran Ed Sheeran, Steve Mac Ed Sheeran ÷

Related rāgams[edit]

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Graha bhedam[edit]

Udayaravichandrika's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 4 other major pentatonic rāgams, namely, Mohanam, Hindolam, Madhyamavathi and Shuddha Saveri. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. See Graha bhedam on Mohanam for more details and illustration of this concept.

Scale similarities[edit]

  • Dhanyāsi is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of Udayaravichandrika (Shuddha Dhanyasi) and descending scale of Hanumatodi. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S G₂ M₁ P N₂ :  N₂ D₁ P M₁ G₂ R₁ S
  • Abheri is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of Udayaravichandrika and descending scale of Kharaharapriya. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S G₂ M₁ P N₂ :  N₂ D₂ P M₁ G₂ R₂ S

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

  1. Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. 2.0 2.1 Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
  3. "basicmusictheory.com: C minor pentatonic scale". www.basicmusictheory.com. Retrieved 19 December 2017.