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Niroshta
| Arohanam | S R₂ G₃ D₂ N₃ Ṡ |
|---|---|
| Avarohanam | Ṡ N₃ D₂ G₃ R₂ S |
| Carnatic music |
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| Concepts |
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Niroshta is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a pentatonic scale (audava/owdava rāgam). It is a derived scale (janya rāgam), as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes).
Niroshta literally means without the lips.[1] If the lips do not meet / touch, then the notes Ma and Pa cannot be uttered.[1] This scale does not use either note and hence the name. It is a very pleasing rāgam.[1]
Structure and Lakshana[edit]
Niroshta is a symmetric pentatonic scale (audava-audava ragam[1][2] in Carnatic music classification – audava meaning 'of 5') that does not contain madhyamam and panchamam. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
- ārohaṇa : S R₂ G₃ D₂ N₃ Ṡ[lower-alpha 1]
- avarohaṇa : Ṡ N₃ D₂ G₃ R₂ S[lower-alpha 2]
The notes used in this scale are shadjam, chathusruthi rishabham, antara gandharam, chathusruthi dhaivatham and kakali nishadham. Niroshta is considered a janya rāgam of Shankarabharanam,[1][2] the 29th Melakarta rāgam, though it can be derived from Kalyani by dropping both madhyamam and panchamam. Shankarabharanam is the Major scale of Western music.
Popular Compositions[edit]
Muthiah Bhagavatar is credited with creating this scale. His melodious composition Raja Raja Radhite set to Rupaka tala (3/4 beat) also does not use the syllables Ma and Pa. Madurai T. N. Seshagopalan, a disciple of Ramanathapuram C. S. Sankarasivam, who in turn is a disciple of Muthiah Bhagavatar has composed a thillana in Niroshta "tanana dhirana" in Adi Tala. Tanjavur. S. Kalyanaraman has composed a varnam "Kanin Maniye" in this raga. Other compositions include giri-putrika gaura-varni by Bangalore S Mukund in rupaka talam, jayati jayati jayashankara by Ashok R Madhav in rupaka tala.
Related rāgams[edit]
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.
Scale similarities[edit]
- Mohanam is a rāgam which has the panchamam in place of the nishadham. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 G3 P D2 S : S D2 P G3 R2 S
- Hamsadhvani is a rāgam which has the panchamam in place of the dhaivatam. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 G3 P N3 S : S N3 P G3 R2 S
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
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