Pnar language

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Pnar
Jaiñtia
Ka Ktien Pnar
Pronunciation/kɑ kt̪eːn pnɑr/
Native toIndia, Bangladesh
EthnicityPnar people
Native speakers
319,324 (2011 census)[1]
Austroasiatic
Language codes
ISO 639-3pbv
Glottologpnar1238
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Pnar (Ka Ktien Pnar), also known as Jaiñtia, part of the Khasi language[2] is an Austroasiatic language spoken in India and Bangladesh.

Phonology[edit]

Pnar has 30 phonemes: 7 vowels and 23 consonants. Other sounds listed below are phonetic realizations.[3]

Vowels[edit]

Front Central Back
Close /i/ [ɨ] /u/
Near-close [ɪ] [ʊ]
Close-mid /e/ /o/
Mid [ə]
Open-mid /ɛ/ [ʌ] /ɔ/
Open /ɑ/

Consonants[edit]

Labial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal /m/ /n/ /ɲ/ /ŋ/
Plosive voiceless /p/ /t̪/ /t/ /tʃ/ /k/ /ʔ/
voiced /b/ /d̪/ /d/ /dʒ/
voiceless aspirated /pʰ/ /t̪ʰ/ [tʃʰ] /kʰ/
voiced aspirated [bʱ] [d̪ʱ] [dʒʱ]
Fricative /s/ /h/
Trill /r/
Approximant central /w/ /j/
Lateral /l/

Syllable structure[edit]

Syllables in Pnar can consist of a single nucleic vowel. Maximally, they can include a complex onset of two consonants, a diphthong nucleus, and a coda consonant. A second type of syllable contains a syllabic nasal/trill/lateral immediately following the onset consonant. This syllabic consonant behaves as the rhyme. (Ring, 2012: 141–2)

References[edit]

  1. "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
  2. Sidwell, Paul (2005). The Katuic languages: classification, reconstruction and comparative lexicon. LINCOM studies in Asian linguistics, 58. Muenchen: Lincom Europa. ISBN 3-89586-802-7.
  3. Ring, Hiram (2012). "A phonetic description and phonemic analysis of Jowai-Pnar". Mon-Khmer Studies. 40: 133–175.
  • Choudhary, Narayam Kumar (2004). Word Order in Pnar (PDF) (Masters thesis). Jawaharlal Nehru University. p. 87. Retrieved 2009-08-14.
  • Ring, Hiram (2015). A Grammar of Pnar (PhD thesis). Nanyang Technological University.

External links[edit]