List of Indian states and union territories by Human Development Index

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A territory scores a higher level of HDI when the lifespan is higher, the education level is higher, and the gross national income GNI (PPP) per capita is higher.

As per United Nations Development Programme, India had a HDI of 0.434 in 1990, which steadily increased and reached 0.490 in 2000, and 0.572 in 2010. As per the latest report, the HDI climbed to 0.685 in 2023 from 0.676 in 2022, which placed India in the medium category and ranked it 130th out of 193 countries.

The various Indian states and union territories have significant variations in HDI. Goa had the highest HDI amongst the Indian states with Bihar ranking last.

UNDP

Indian states by HDI (2006)

Rank	State/Union Territory	HDI (2023)	Comparable Countries
Very High
1	Goa	0.862	Montenegro
2	Kerala	0.860	Oman
3	Puducherry	0.847	Seychelles
4	Chandigarh	0.845	Bulgaria
5	Delhi	0.837	Brunei
6	Lakshwadeep	0.821	Bahamas
7	Himachal Pradesh	0.815	North Macedonia
8	Jammu and Kashmir	0.814	North Macedonia
9	Mizoram	0.810	Albania
10	Sikkim	0.807	Trinidad and Tobago
11	Andaman and Nicobar	0.804	Bosnia and Herzegovina
High
12	Punjab	0.794	Peru
13	Maharashtra	0.792	Grenada
14	Haryana	0.791	Grenada
15	Tamil Nadu	0.787	Brazil
16	Manipur	0.781	Ukraine
17	Uttarakhand	0.776	Dominican Republic
18	Nagaland	0.773	Sri Lanka
19	Daman and Diu	0.772	Sri Lanka
20	Arunachal Pradesh	0.770	Tonga
21	Karnataka	0.764	Turkmenistan
22	Telangana	0.744	Tunisia
23	Gujarat	0.737	Uzbekistan
24	Meghalaya	0.736	Bolivia
25	Rajasthan	0.735	Bolivia
–	India	0.732	Botswana
26	Andhra Pradesh	0.723	Suriname
27	West Bengal	0.719	Jamaica
28	Dadra and Nagar Haveli	0.712	Morocco
29	Tripura	0.709	Samoa
30	Chhattisgarh	0.707	Nicaragua
Medium
31	Assam	0.699	Bhutan
32	Uttar Pradesh	0.693	Eswatini
33	Madhya Pradesh	0.692	Tajikistan
34	Odisha	0.691	Tajikistan
35	Jharkhand	0.677	El Salvador
36	Bihar	0.650	Republic of the Congo

Historical trend

State	HDI
	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
North India
Chandigarh	0.636	0.639	0.646	0.640	0.635	0.632	0.631	0.628	0.626	0.627	0.628	0.629	0.632	0.643	0.649	0.655	0.661	0.656	0.650	0.642	0.639	0.641	0.638	0.666	0.697	0.725	0.755	0.756	0.749	0.745	0.745	0.738	0.751
Delhi	0.581	0.585	0.592	0.598	0.606	0.614	0.624	0.633	0.642	0.653	0.656	0.658	0.661	0.671	0.677	0.683	0.689	0.694	0.695	0.695	0.699	0.708	0.711	0.713	0.719	0.722	0.727	0.732	0.729	0.728	0.728	0.722	0.734
Haryana	0.471	0.474	0.479	0.485	0.493	0.501	0.510	0.518	0.527	0.537	0.542	0.546	0.553	0.566	0.575	0.584	0.594	0.603	0.610	0.615	0.625	0.639	0.648	0.656	0.669	0.678	0.691	0.694	0.690	0.689	0.689	0.683	0.696
Himachal Pradesh	0.485	0.488	0.493	0.503	0.514	0.525	0.538	0.549	0.562	0.575	0.583	0.589	0.598	0.615	0.626	0.638	0.650	0.653	0.654	0.653	0.658	0.667	0.670	0.677	0.688	0.696	0.707	0.712	0.709	0.709	0.709	0.703	0.715
Jammu and Kashmir	0.499	0.502	0.507	0.506	0.506	0.507	0.509	0.510	0.511	0.514	0.522	0.530	0.539	0.556	0.568	0.581	0.593	0.605	0.614	0.621	0.633	0.648	0.658	0.659	0.665	0.667	0.672	0.690	0.700	0.712	0.712	0.706	0.720
Punjab	0.502	0.505	0.510	0.517	0.524	0.532	0.541	0.549	0.558	0.568	0.572	0.575	0.580	0.593	0.600	0.608	0.616	0.626	0.633	0.638	0.648	0.662	0.670	0.677	0.687	0.695	0.706	0.705	0.696	0.691	0.692	0.685	0.698
Rajasthan	0.406	0.408	0.413	0.418	0.424	0.431	0.438	0.443	0.449	0.457	0.462	0.466	0.472	0.485	0.494	0.503	0.512	0.520	0.526	0.530	0.539	0.552	0.559	0.570	0.585	0.598	0.614	0.628	0.635	0.645	0.645	0.640	0.652
Uttar Pradesh	0.398	0.401	0.405	0.411	0.417	0.423	0.430	0.436	0.442	0.450	0.455	0.460	0.466	0.479	0.487	0.496	0.505	0.512	0.516	0.519	0.526	0.536	0.541	0.548	0.560	0.568	0.579	0.591	0.596	0.604	0.603	0.598	0.609
Uttarakhand	0.627	0.630	0.636	0.634	0.629	0.626	0.624	0.621	0.619	0.619	0.620	0.620	0.623	0.665	0.641	0.647	0.653	0.648	0.641	0.633	0.631	0.632	0.629	0.636	0.647	0.655	0.666	0.673	0.672	0.675	0.675	0.669	0.681
West India
Dadra and Nagar Haveli	0.672	0.676	0.682	0.680	0.676	0.673	0.672	0.620	0.669	0.670	0.672	0.673	0.676	0.687	0.693	0.699	0.706	0.701	0.695	0.687	0.685	0.687	0.684	0.673	0.665	0.655	0.655	0.647	0.640	0.628	0.618	0.613	0.624
Daman and Diu	0.651	0.656	0.663	0.658	0.654	0.652	0.652	0.651	0.650	0.651	0.654	0.654	0.657	0.668	0.673	0.679	0.685	0.681	0.675	0.668	0.666	0.669	0.666	0.669	0.677	0.682	0.690	0.686	0.676	0.668	0.668	0.662	0.674
Goa	0.558	0.561	0.567	0.570	0.573	0.577	0.583	0.587	0.592	0.599	0.608	0.615	0.624	0.641	0.653	0.665	0.678	0.692	0.704	0.713	0.728	0.747	0.759	0.753	0.751	0.746	0.743	0.751	0.751	0.753	0.754	0.747	0.760
Gujarat	0.474	0.477	0.483	0.485	0.488	0.492	0.498	0.502	0.507	0.514	0.520	0.526	0.533	0.547	0.556	0.566	0.577	0.583	0.587	0.589	0.597	0.608	0.614	0.622	0.634	0.643	0.656	0.654	0.645	0.640	0.640	0.635	0.646
Maharashtra	0.498	0.501	0.507	0.511	0.515	0.521	0.527	0.532	0.538	0.545	0.551	0.556	0.563	0.577	0.586	0.596	0.606	0.615	0.621	0.626	0.636	0.649	0.657	0.660	0.668	0.672	0.680	0.687	0.686	0.689	0.689	0.683	0.695
East India
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	0.686	0.690	0.697	0.691	0.688	0.685	0.684	0.682	0.681	0.682	0.684	0.685	0.688	0.699	0.705	0.712	0.718	0.713	0.707	0.699	0.697	0.700	0.696	0.700	0.708	0.714	0.723	0.718	0.707	0.699	0.699	0.693	0.706
West Bengal	0.443	0.446	0.452	0.456	0.462	0.468	0.475	0.481	0.487	0.495	0.499	0.502	0.506	0.518	0.525	0.532	0.540	0.547	0.552	0.556	0.564	0.575	0.582	0.590	0.603	0.613	0.625	0.630	0.627	0.628	0.628	0.623	0.635
Bihar	0.380	0.382	0.387	0.391	0.396	0.402	0.408	0.413	0.418	0.425	0.429	0.432	0.437	0.448	0.455	0.463	0.470	0.481	0.489	0.495	0.506	0.519	0.527	0.533	0.543	0.551	0.561	0.567	0.567	0.571	0.570	0.566	0.577
Jharkhand	0.563	0.566	0.572	0.566	0.562	0.559	0.557	0.554	0.553	0.553	0.554	0.557	0.557	0.568	0.573	0.579	0.585	0.580	0.574	0.566	0.564	0.566	0.562	0.565	0.572	0.577	0.584	0.590	0.590	0.593	0.593	0.588	0.600
Odisha	0.403	0.405	0.409	0.413	0.418	0.423	0.430	0.434	0.440	0.447	0.451	0.455	0.460	0.472	0.479	0.487	0.495	0.504	0.511	0.517	0.527	0.540	0.548	0.556	0.568	0.578	0.590	0.598	0.603	0.603	0.614	0.598	0.610
Northeast India
Assam	0.413	0.415	0.420	0.426	0.434	0.442	0.450	0.458	0.466	0.476	0.481	0.486	0.493	0.506	0.515	0.524	0.533	0.540	0.545	0.549	0.557	0.569	0.576	0.579	0.586	0.590	0.598	0.605	0.605	0.609	0.608	0.603	0.615
Arunachal Pradesh	0.442	0.445	0.449	0.455	0.461	0.467	0.474	0.479	0.485	0.493	0.496	0.499	0.503	0.514	0.521	0.528	0.535	0.562	0.586	0.606	0.632	0.660	0.682	0.672	0.666	0.655	0.645	0.659	0.666	0.675	0.675	0.670	0.683
Manipur	0.500	0.503	0.509	0.512	0.517	0.522	0.528	0.533	0.540	0.547	0.552	0.556	0.562	0.574	0.582	0.591	0.600	0.619	0.636	0.652	0.672	0.696	0.714	0.703	0.695	0.686	0.682	0.678	0.676	0.676	0.676	0.671	0.683
Meghalaya	0.461	0.464	0.469	0.467	0.465	0.465	0.464	0.462	0.461	0.461	0.470	0.477	0.487	0.502	0.514	0.526	0.538	0.558	0.575	0.591	0.611	0.634	0.652	0.646	0.645	0.641	0.640	0.645	0.642	0.643	0.643	0.637	0.650
Mizoram	0.532	0.535	0.541	0.541	0.542	0.543	0.546	0.547	0.550	0.553	0.563	0.571	0.581	0.598	0.611	0.624	0.637	0.648	0.657	0.664	0.676	0.693	0.703	0.697	0.694	0.689	0.687	0.696	0.698	0.703	0.703	0.697	0.709
Nagaland	0.539	0.542	0.548	0.541	0.535	0.530	0.526	0.521	0.516	0.513	0.516	0.519	0.524	0.536	0.543	0.550	0.558	0.583	0.605	0.626	0.651	0.680	0.703	0.690	0.682	0.671	0.662	0.669	0.669	0.682	0.672	0.667	0.679
Sikkim	0.546	0.549	0.555	0.549	0.545	0.542	0.541	0.538	0.536	0.536	0.542	0.546	0.553	0.567	0.576	0.585	0.594	0.603	0.610	0.615	0.625	0.638	0.645	0.656	0.672	0.684	0.700	0.706	0.704	0.705	0.705	0.699	0.712
Tripura	0.450	0.452	0.458	0.465	0.474	0.483	0.493	0.501	0.511	0.521	0.524	0.526	0.530	0.541	0.548	0.555	0.561	0.581	0.581	0.588	0.599	0.615	0.625	0.627	0.633	0.636	0.642	0.637	0.626	0.617	0.617	0.612	0.624
South India
Andhra Pradesh	0.428	0.430	0.435	0.438	0.441	0.446	0.450	0.454	0.459	0.464	0.472	0.478	0.487	0.502	0.513	0.524	0.535	0.546	0.554	0.560	0.571	0.586	0.595	0.602	0.614	0.623	0.635	0.638	0.635	0.635	0.635	0.630	0.642
Karnataka	0.448	0.450	0.455	0.461	0.467	0.474	0.482	0.488	0.495	0.504	0.511	0.516	0.524	0.538	0.549	0.559	0.570	0.577	0.583	0.587	0.597	0.609	0.617	0.627	0.641	0.652	0.667	0.670	0.667	0.667	0.667	0.661	0.673
Kerala	0.551	0.554	0.560	0.561	0.563	0.565	0.569	0.571	0.574	0.579	0.592	0.604	0.618	0.639	0.656	0.672	0.689	0.695	0.698	0.699	0.706	0.718	0.723	0.730	0.741	0.750	0.761	0.762	0.755	0.751	0.751	0.745	0.758
Lakshadweep	0.695	0.699	0.706	0.700	0.697	0.694	0.693	0.691	0.690	0.691	0.694	0.695	0.698	0.709	0.715	0.721	0.728	0.723	0.717	0.709	0.707	0.710	0.706	0.710	0.718	0.723	0.732	0.729	0.719	0.712	0.713	0.706	0.719
Puducherry	0.711	0.716	0.726	0.725	0.722	0.719	0.718	0.716	0.715	0.717	0.719	0.720	0.723	0.735	0.741	0.748	0.754	0.749	0.743	0.735	0.732	0.735	0.732	0.727	0.726	0.722	0.721	0.729	0.731	0.735	0.735	0.729	0.741
Tamil Nadu	0.476	0.478	0.484	0.488	0.494	0.500	0.507	0.513	0.519	0.528	0.536	0.543	0.552	0.569	0.581	0.593	0.606	0.615	0.622	0.628	0.638	0.653	0.662	0.667	0.676	0.682	0.691	0.693	0.687	0.685	0.685	0.679	0.692
Telangana	0.624	0.628	0.634	0.628	0.624	0.621	0.619	0.617	0.615	0.615	0.617	0.618	0.621	0.632	0.637	0.643	0.649	0.644	0.638	0.630	0.628	0.620	0.627	0.630	0.638	0.644	0.653	0.657	0.653	0.653	0.653	0.647	0.660
Central India
Chhattisgarh	0.563	0.566	0.571	0.566	0.562	0.559	0.557	0.554	0.552	0.552	0.553	0.554	0.557	0.567	0.573	0.578	0.584	0.580	0.573	0.566	0.563	0.565	0.562	0.568	0.578	0.586	0.597	0.607	0.611	0.618	0.618	0.613	0.625
Madhya Pradesh	0.408	0.410	0.415	0.418	0.422	0.427	0.432	0.436	0.440	0.446	0.452	0.456	0.463	0.475	0.484	0.493	0.503	0.510	0.516	0.520	0.528	0.540	0.547	0.555	0.567	0.577	0.589	0.598	0.600	0.605	0.605	0.599	0.611
India	0.434	0.437	0.442	0.446	0.452	0.458	0.465	0.471	0.477	0.485	0.490	0.495	0.501	0.514	0.528	0.532	0.541	0.550	0.557	0.562	0.572	0.586	0.594	0.600	0.611	0.619	0.630	0.636	0.636	0.638	0.638	0.633	0.644

MoSPI

The list is based on the 2018 report published by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) of Government of India.

Rank	State/Union Territory	HDI (2018)
High
1	Delhi	0.839
2	Chandigarh	0.827
3	Goa	0.806
4	Kerala	0.775
5	Sikkim	0.764
6	Himachal Pradesh	0.761
7	Uttarakhand	0.758
8	Puducherry	0.752
9	Maharashtra	0.750
10	Mizoram	0.747
11	Punjab	0.738
12	Tamil Nadu	0.738
13	Haryana	0.724
14	Andaman and Nicobar	0.707
15	Karnataka	0.706
16	Telangana	0.705
17	Meghalaya	0.704
Medium
18	Gujarat	0.698
19	Daman and Diu	0.695
20	Lakshadweep	0.687
21	Manipur	0.686
22	Arunachal Pradesh	0.684
23	Nagaland	0.678
24	West Bengal	0.674
–	India	0.672
25	Tripura	0.667
26	Dadra and Nagar Haveli	0.662
27	Jammu and Kashmir	0.663
28	Assam	0.651
29	Odisha	0.649
30	Andhra Pradesh	0.648
31	Rajasthan	0.638
32	Chhattisgarh	0.629
33	Jharkhand	0.618
34	Madhya Pradesh	0.608
35	Uttar Pradesh	0.592
36	Bihar	0.551

Historical trend

Legend
High   0.850–0.899   0.800–0.849   0.750–0.799   0.700–0.749	Medium   0.650–0.699   0.600–0.649   0.550–0.599   0.500–0.549	Low   0.450–0.499   0.400–0.449   0.350–0.399   0.300–0.349   0.250–0.299   ≤0.250	No information

• 1981 to 2011 HDI trend
• 
  1981
• 
  1991
• 
  2001
• 
  2007–08

Consumption-based

The data in the below table is based on the estimated consumption expenditure.

Rank	State/Union Territory	HDI (2007-08)
1	Kerala	0.810
2	Delhi	0.750
3	Himachal Pradesh	0.652
4	Goa	0.617
5	Punjab	0.605
6	Northeast India	0.573
7	Maharashtra	0.572
8	Tamil Nadu	0.570
9	Haryana	0.552
10	Jammu and Kashmir	0.542
11	Gujarat	0.527
12	Karnataka	0.519
–	India	0.513
13	West Bengal	0.492
14	Uttarakhand	0.490
15	Andhra Pradesh	0.473
17	Rajasthan	0.434
18	Uttar Pradesh	0.380
19	Jharkhand	0.376
20	Madhya Pradesh	0.375
21	Bihar	0.367
22	Odisha	0.362
23	Chhattisgarh	0.358

HDI indicators

Demographics (2022)

State or territory	Subnational HDI	Health index	Educational index	Income index	Life expectancy			Expected years schooling			Mean years schooling			Log Gross National Income per capita
					Total	Female	Male	Total	Female	Male	Total	Female	Male	Total	Female	Male
India	0.644	0.735	0.569	0.641	67.74	69.38	66.26	12.58	12.61	12.56	6.571	5.529	7.626	8.847	7.992	9.278
Andaman and Nicobar	0.706	0.789	0.624	0.714	71.26	73.62	69.57	13.12	13.49	12.74	7.800	7.451	8.136	9.344	8.433	9.789
Andhra Pradesh	0.642	0.741	0.534	0.668	68.19	69.93	66.88	12.66	12.71	12.63	5.476	4.542	6.457	9.027	8.155	9.467
Arunachal Pradesh	0.683	0.795	0.595	0.674	71.65	74.08	69.93	13.99	14.06	13.94	6.178	5.411	6.916	9.064	8.189	9.506
Assam	0.615	0.745	0.546	0.571	68.42	70.20	66.90	12.03	12.35	11.74	6.364	5.852	6.856	8.387	7.577	8.796
Bihar	0.577	0.702	0.497	0.551	65.65	66.83	64.24	12.16	12.00	12.47	4.783	3.339	6.357	8.253	7.456	8.655
Chandigarh	0.751	0.773	0.721	0.759	70.27	72.44	68.65	13.72	13.92	13.58	10.19	9.867	10.50	9.633	8.703	10.10
Chhattisgarh	0.625	0.725	0.546	0.617	67.13	68.64	65.67	12.56	12.99	12.14	5.899	4.681	7.096	8.688	7.879	9.111
Dadra and Nagar Haveli	0.624	0.751	0.521	0.621	68.80	70.66	67.26	11.01	11.55	10.61	6.467	4.971	7.626	8.718	7.876	9.143
Daman and Diu	0.674	0.788	0.568	0.683	71.24	73.60	69.56	11.23	11.67	10.85	7.686	6.668	8.545	9.125	8.244	9.570
Delhi	0.734	0.760	0.702	0.742	69.40	71.39	67.83	14.10	14.61	13.61	9.308	8.589	9.955	9.518	8.598	9.981
Goa	0.760	0.808	0.714	0.761	72.51	75.11	70.73	14.28	14.44	14.14	9.525	9.223	9.915	9.643	8.712	10.11
Gujarat	0.646	0.745	0.534	0.678	68.44	70.23	66.92	11.26	10.95	11.46	6.643	5.519	7.726	9.092	8.214	9.535
Haryana	0.696	0.739	0.631	0.721	68.03	69.73	66.53	13.67	13.85	13.46	7.542	6.302	8.715	9.381	8.475	9.838
Himachal Pradesh	0.715	0.765	0.667	0.717	69.73	71.78	68.14	14.07	14.61	13.52	8.296	7.494	9.195	9.355	8.451	9.811
Jammu and Kashmir	0.720	0.796	0.664	0.705	71.75	74.20	70.03	15.09	15.23	14.93	7.356	6.109	8.475	9.270	8.374	9.721
Jharkhand	0.600	0.721	0.529	0.565	66.84	68.28	65.39	12.48	12.57	12.43	5.486	4.080	6.946	8.346	7.540	8.752
Karnataka	0.673	0.767	0.585	0.681	69.88	71.96	68.28	12.88	13.03	12.73	6.808	5.905	7.736	9.112	8.232	9.556
Kerala	0.758	0.822	0.732	0.724	73.43	76.20	71.58	15.05	15.59	14.52	9.422	9.620	9.305	9.400	8.493	9.858
Lakshadweep	0.719	0.767	0.666	0.726	69.88	72.15	68.17	13.59	14.09	13.17	8.668	8.321	9.205	9.413	8.504	9.871
Madhya Pradesh	0.611	0.715	0.525	0.608	66.46	67.83	65.03	11.98	11.86	12.07	5.765	4.477	6.966	8.629	7.796	9.050
Maharashtra	0.695	0.771	0.637	0.684	70.12	72.26	68.51	13.51	13.41	13.54	7.862	6.893	8.815	9.132	8.250	9.577
Manipur	0.683	0.769	0.674	0.614	69.96	72.06	68.36	13.94	13.92	13.96	8.616	7.870	9.445	8.671	7.834	9.094
Meghalaya	0.650	0.744	0.590	0.624	68.34	70.10	66.82	13.42	14.13	12.74	6.529	6.571	6.536	8.737	7.893	9.162
Mizoram	0.709	0.766	0.653	0.713	69.82	71.89	68.23	13.39	13.42	13.30	8.441	8.267	8.655	9.327	8.426	9.781
Nagaland	0.679	0.765	0.632	0.647	69.75	71.81	68.16	13.45	13.87	13.05	7.738	7.387	8.086	8.888	8.030	9.321
Odisha	0.610	0.731	0.520	0.595	67.54	69.14	66.06	11.73	11.71	11.79	5.837	4.896	6.816	8.544	7.719	8.960
Puducherry	0.741	0.815	0.682	0.733	73.00	75.69	71.18	13.77	14.45	13.11	8.988	8.332	9.825	9.456	8.542	9.916
Punjab	0.698	0.748	0.616	0.738	68.60	70.42	67.07	13.07	13.66	12.53	7.573	7.215	7.936	9.489	8.573	9.952
Rajasthan	0.652	0.740	0.561	0.668	68.10	69.82	66.60	13.38	13.18	13.59	5.693	3.951	7.396	9.027	8.196	9.467
Sikkim	0.712	0.786	0.664	0.692	71.10	73.42	69.42	14.72	15.17	14.24	7.655	7.387	7.916	9.183	8.297	9.631
Tamil Nadu	0.694	0.779	0.626	0.679	70.89	72.76	68.90	13.43	13.87	13.00	7.593	7.000	8.286	9.102	8.233	9.545
Telangana	0.660	0.759	0.560	0.676	69.31	71.28	67.74	13.22	13.35	13.08	5.796	4.606	7.066	9.077	8.201	9.519
Tripura	0.624	0.722	0.566	0.594	66.94	68.41	65.49	12.54	12.34	12.84	6.519	5.927	7.116	8.538	7.713	8.954
Uttar Pradesh	0.609	0.699	0.540	0.599	65.46	66.60	64.05	11.89	11.73	12.06	6.302	4.896	7.716	8.571	7.743	8.989
Uttarakhand	0.681	0.734	0.627	0.686	67.72	69.36	66.24	13.24	13.56	12.94	7.769	6.614	8.965	9.148	8.265	9.594
West Bengal	0.635	0.765	0.551	0.606	69.70	71.75	68.12	12.47	12.95	12.02	6.147	5.465	6.836	8.619	7.787	9.039