Parkash Singh Badal: Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by JJMC89 bot III
Last edited February 21, 2026
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
->Sdkb
m →top: Remove overlinked country wikilink and general fixes
No edit summary
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|Indian politician|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Short description|Indian politician (1927–2023)}}
{{about||the Army officer of same first name|Parkash Singh|the Omani cricketer|Badal Singh}}
{{hatnote group|{{distinguish|Parkash Singh}}
 
{{for|the Omani cricketer|Badal Singh}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Parkash Singh Badal
| name                = Parkash Singh Badal
| office              = 8th [[Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]
| native_name        =  
| native_name        =  
| image              = Parkash Singh Badal Official portrait 2017.png
| image              = Parkash Singh Badal 2014.jpg
| caption            =  
| image_size          =
| footnotes          =  
| image_name_alt      =
| signature          =  
| caption            = Badal in 2014
| signature_alt      = Signature of PS Badal
| office              = 8th [[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]
| predecessor4        = [[Gurnam Singh]]
| term_start1        = 1 March 2007
| party              = [[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
| term_end1          = 16 March 2017 | governor1 = [[Sunith Francis Rodrigues]],[[Shivraj Patil]],[[Kaptan Singh Solanki]][[V. P. Singh Badnore]]
| predecessor1        = [[Amarinder Singh]]
| predecessor1        = [[Amarinder Singh]]
| successor1          = [[Amarinder Singh]]
| successor1          = Amarinder Singh
| successor4          = [[President's rule]]
| deputy1            = [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]] (from 2009)
| birthname          =
| birth_date          = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1927|12|08}}
| birth_place        = [[Muktsar district|Abul Khurana]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British India]]
| nationality        = Indian
| otherparty          = [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] (ended in 2020)
| spouse              = Surinder Kaur (1959–2011)
| children            = [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]]<br />Preneet Kaur
| residence          = [[Badal, Punjab|Badal village]], India
| profession          = Politician
| website            =
| term_start1        = 1 March 2007
| term_end1          = 16 March 2017
| deputy1            = [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]]<br>{{small|(2009-2017)}}
| term_start4        = 27 March 1970
| term_end4          = 14 June 1971
| term_start3        = 20 June 1977
| term_end3          = 17 February 1980
| predecessor3        = [[President's rule]]
| successor3          = [[President's rule]]
| term_start2        = 12 February 1997
| term_start2        = 12 February 1997
| term_end2          = 26 February 2002
| term_end2          = 26 February 2002 | governor2 =[[B. K. N. Chhibber]],[[J. F. R. Jacob]]
| predecessor2        = [[Rajinder Kaur Bhattal]]
| predecessor2        = [[Rajinder Kaur Bhattal]]
| successor2          = [[Amarinder Singh]]
| successor2          = Amarinder Singh
| alma_mater         =  
| term_start3        = 20 June 1977
| term_end3          = 17 February 1980 | governor3 =[[Mahendra Mohan Choudhry]],[[Ranjit Singh Narula]],[[Jaisukhlal Hathi]]
| predecessor3        = ''[[President's rule]]''
| successor3          = ''President's rule''
| term_start4        = 27 March 1970 | governor4= [[D. C. Pavate]]
| term_end4          = 14 June 1971
| predecessor4        = [[Gurnam Singh]]
| successor4         = ''President's rule''
| office5            = [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition in Punjab Assembly]]
| office5            = [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition in Punjab Assembly]]
| term_start5        = 2 October 1972
| term_start5        = 2 October 1972
Line 48: Line 37:
| term_start6        = 7 June 1980
| term_start6        = 7 June 1980
| term_end6          = 7 October 1983
| term_end6          = 7 October 1983
| predecessor6        = [[Balram Jakhar]]
| predecessor6        = Balram Jakhar
| successor6          = [[Gurbinder Kaur Brar]]
| successor6          = [[Gurbinder Kaur Brar]]
| term_start7        = 26 February 2002
| term_start7        = 26 February 2002
| term_end7          = 1 March 2007
| term_end7          = 1 March 2007
| predecessor7        = [[Jagjit Singh (politician)|Chaudhary Jagjit Singh]]
| predecessor7        = [[Jagjit Singh (politician)|Chaudhary Jagjit Singh]]
| successor7          = [[Rajinder Kaur Bhattal]]
| successor7          = Rajinder Kaur Bhattal
| office8            = [[Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare|Union Minister for Agriculture and Farmers Welfare]]
| office8            = 11th [[Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare|Union Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation]], [[Government of India]]
| term_start8        = 28 March 1977
| term_start8        = 28 March 1977
| term_end8          = 19 June 1977
| term_end8          = 17 June 1977
| predecessor8        = [[Jagjivan Ram]]
| predecessor8        = [[Jagjivan Ram]]
| successor8          = [[Surjit Singh Barnala]]
| successor8          = [[Surjit Singh Barnala]]
| primeminister8      = [[Morarji Desai]]
| birthname          =
| birth_date          = {{birth date|df=yes|1927|12|08}}
| birth_place        = [[Muktsar district|Abul Khurana]], [[Punjab Province, British India]]
| death_date          = {{death date and age|df=yes|2023|4|25|1927|12|08}}
| death_place        = [[Mohali]], Punjab, India
| party              = [[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
| otherparty          = [[National Democratic Alliance]] (1998–2020)
| spouse              = {{marriage|Surinder Kaur|1959|2011|end=d}}
| children            = 2, including [[Sukhbir Singh Badal|Sukhbir]]
| relatives          = [[Badal family]], [[Majithia family]], Kairon family
| residence          = [[Badal, Punjab]]
| alma_mater          =
| profession          = Politician
| signature          = Parkash Singh Badal signature.svg
| signature_alt      = Signature of PS Badal
| website            =
| footnotes          =
}}
}}
'''Parkash Singh Badal''' (8 December 1927 – 25 April 2023) was an Indian politician and Sikh rights advocate who served as the 8th [[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]] from 1970 to 1971, from 1977 to 1980, from 1997 to 2002, and from 2007 to 2017, the longest serving Chief Minister of Punjab till date. He was also Leader of the Opposition in the [[Punjab Legislative Assembly]] from 1972 to 1977, 1980 to 1983 and from 2002 to 2007 and the 11th [[Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare|Union Minister of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare]] in the [[Morarji Desai ministry]] from 1977 to 1977. He was the patron of [[Shiromani Akali Dal]] (SAD), a [[Sikhism|Sikh-centered]] regional political party, and the president of the party from 1995 to 2008, when he was replaced by his son [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Bains |first=Satinder |date=31 January 2008 |title=Sukhbir Badal becomes youngest president of Shiromani Akali Dal |url=http://www.punjabnewsline.com/content/view/8203/38/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128073903/http://www.punjabnewsline.com/content/view/8203/38/ |archive-date=28 November 2010 |access-date=10 December 2010 |publisher=Punjab Newsline}}</ref><ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/badal-jr-is-akali-president/article1190865.ece Badal Jr. is Akali president]. ''The Hindu'' (1 February 2008). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> As the patron of SAD he exercised a strong influence on the [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]]<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20110919/main1.htm SAD-Sant Samaj combine sweeps SGPC elections]. ''The Tribune''. Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> and [[Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 November 2013 |title=Manmohan Singh ranked world's most powerful, influential Sikh |newspaper=Firstpost |url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/manmohan-singh-ranked-worlds-most-powerful-influential-sikh-1221009.html |access-date=28 December 2016}}</ref>
== Early life and family ==
Parkash Singh Badal was born on 8 December 1927 in Abul Khurana, near [[Malout]]. He belonged to a [[Jatt Sikh]] family of Dhillon Clan, who were generally apolitical and worked in their fields. His father was a landlord named Raghuraj Singh Badal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Badal, Parkash Singh |url=https://www.ceopunjab.gov.in/candidate_affidavits/vidhansabha/2012/83/PARKASHSINGHBADAL.pdf}}</ref> In 1959, he married Surinder Kaur. The couple had two children, [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]] and Parneet Kaur, who is married to [[Adesh Pratap Singh Kairon]]. Surinder Kaur died in 2011 after a long illness due to cancer.<ref>[http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-05-24/news/29577679_1_cm-prakash-singh-badal-sukhbir-surinder-kaur-badal "Surinder Kaur Badal dead: Former Punjab CM Prakash Singh Badal's wife passes away"]{{dead link|date=October 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}},  The Economic Times (24 May 2011). Retrieved 25 October 2011.</ref>
His younger brother [[Gurdas Singh Badal]] had also been in politics in both, the Shiromani Akali Dal and the Indian National Congress. His nephew [[Manpreet Singh Badal]] served as Finance Minister of Punjab.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 March 2007 |title=Badal allocates portfolios |newspaper=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/Badal-allocates-portfolios/article14730815.ece |via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=13 October 2010 |title=Punjab Finance Minister sacked |newspaper=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/Punjab-Finance-Minister-sacked/article15779748.ece |via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
Badal graduated from the [[Panjab University]] and [[Forman Christian College|FC College]], [[Lahore]] and became a member of the [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]] at a young age.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gopal |first1=Navjeevan |date=15 March 2012 |title=Literate, under middle, ninth passed all in new cabinet |work=The Indian Express |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/literate-under-middle-ninth-passed-all-in-new-cabinet/923771/ |access-date=2 June 2014}}</ref> During the [[Partition of India]] he was not able to board any train and was left to fend for himself in [[Lahore]], [[Pakistan]].<ref name="newsclick.in">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-30 |title=How History Will Remember Parkash Singh Badal |url=https://www.newsclick.in/how-history-will-remember-parkash-singh-badal |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=NewsClick |language=en}}</ref> He was later escorted by a party of Indian soldiers as his father requested [[Brigadier]] [[Mohinder Singh Chopra]] to help him.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-27 |title=Parkash Singh Badal: When Lahore that lived in his heart, never died |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/parkash-singh-badal-when-lahore-that-lived-in-his-heart-never-died-8578177/ |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref name="newsclick.in"/>
== Political career ==
Badal started his political career in 1947. He was [[Sarpanch]] of the [[Badal, Punjab|Village Badal]] and later chairman of Block Samiti, Lambi before rising into Punjab politics. He was elected to [[Punjab Legislative Assembly|Punjab Vidhan Sabha]] in 1957 for the first time from the [[Shiromani Akali Dal]] political party, when he was hardly thirty years of age.<ref name="IBN">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131010003859/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/the-grand-old-man-of-akali-politics/34960-4.html "The grand old man of Akali politics"], CNN-IBN, 2 March 2007.</ref> He was re-elected in 1969, serving as Minister for Community Development, Panchayati Raj, Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.<ref name="IBN" /> He was [[Punjab Legislative Assembly#Leader of Opposition in Punjab Assembly|Leader of Opposition]] in 1972, 1980 and 2002. He had been elected in Vidhan Sabha for a total of 10 times, in 1957 and in each election since 1969, except for the February 1992 election, in which he led a boycott of state elections by the Akalis.<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20111227/punjab.htm Punjab Polls 2012]. ''The Tribune''. (26 December 2011). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref><ref>[http://pbplanning.gov.in/pdf/CM%20PARKASH%20SINGH%20BADAL.pdf Parkash Singh Badal]. pbplanning.gov.in.</ref> In 1997 elections he won from [[Lambi Assembly constituency]] and had been a consecutive winner in four terms. He was a union minister in Prime Minister [[Morarji Desai]]'s government in 1977, serving as Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Parkash Singh Badal: Grand old man of Punjab politics |url=https://www.mid-day.com/news/india-news/article/parkash-singh-badal-grand-old-man-of-punjab-politics-23282984}}</ref>
=== Chief Minister of Punjab ===
Badal served as [[List of Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)|Punjab Chief Minister]] for five terms, the first time in 1970 when he became the youngest chief minister of an Indian state.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2017 |title=The Badals of Punjab |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/punjab-assembly-elections-2017/punjab-polls-parkash-singh-badal-sukhbir-singh-badal-majithia-the-badals-of-punjab-4496456/}}</ref> He completed his last term in March 2017.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 March 2017 |title=Punjab election results: Parkash Singh Badal to resign tomorrow |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/Jbfb6PsNDkehyWGGO0c6ZM/Punjab-election-results-Parkash-Singh-Badal-to-resign-tomor.html}}</ref>
==== First term (1970-1971) ====
Badal first became Chief Minister of Punjab in March 1970 and headed a coalition government of [[Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh]] and [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh|Jana Sangh]]. In June 1970 Jana Sangh withdrew support from the Badal government over their difference about the place of [[Hindi language|Hindi]] in Punjab. Later, in early July, seven of Akali Dal (Sant) defected to rival Akali Dal headed by ex-CM [[Gurnam Singh]]. An early session of the assembly was called on 24 July to prove the majority of Badal's government. However, the motion of no confidence was not admitted due to lack of requisite support of one-fifth of MLAs. Congress decided to stay neutral and did not support the no-confidence motion.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Arora |first1=Subhash Chander |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gwG-yOpSEy8C |title=Turmoil in Punjab Politics |date=1990 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=81-7099-251-6 |edition=1st |location=New Delhi |pages=131–140 |access-date=2 June 2014}}</ref>
==== Second term (1977-1980) ====
{{main|Second Badal ministry}}
Badal became CM for the term 20 June 1977 to 17 February 1980 with the support and alliance of [[Janata Party]].<ref>{{cite web |date=26 April 2023 |title=Parkash Singh Badal: The grand old man of Punjab politics |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/parkash-singh-badal-the-grand-old-man-of-punjab-politics-who-became-india-s-youngest-cm-11682468583702.html}}</ref> He led major developments in infrastructure and kept harmony in the state despite the fiery tensions that were running during the Emergency from 1975-1977.
==== Third term (1997–2002) ====
{{main|Third Badal ministry}}
Badal became CM for the term 12 February 1997 to 26 February 2002.<ref name="pdf">{{cite web |title=STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 2002 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF PUNJAB |url=https://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/Stat_rep_2002_PB.pdf}} [[Election Commission of India]]</ref> He had put a complete end to all human rights violations in Punjab by the Punjab Police- along with the dreaded Black Cats and bounty system.
==== Fourth term (2007–2012) ====
{{main|Fourth Badal ministry}}
In the [[State Assembly elections in India, 2007#Punjab|2007 Punjab state election]] [[Shiromani Akali Dal]]-[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] coalition government won 67 out of 117 seats and Parkash Singh Badal was sworn in as chief minister for the fourth time.<ref>[http://www.indian-elections.com/assembly-elections/punjab/election-result-07.html Punjab Assembly Election 2007 Results] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508085551/http://www.indian-elections.com/assembly-elections/punjab/election-result-07.html|date=8 May 2013}}. indian-elections.com</ref> He held 10 portfolios, which included the ministries for Home, Housing & Urban Development, Excise & Taxation, Power, Personnel, General Administration, Vigilance, Employment, Legal & Legislative Affairs and NRIs Affairs.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/badal-allocates-portfolios/article1807528.ece Badal allocates portfolios]. ''The Hindu''. (8 March 2007). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> Badal launched many schemes such as free ambulance service,<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20150716080915/http://www.dayandnightnews.com/2011/04/badal-launches-free-ambulance-service/ Badal launches free ambulance service]}}. dayandnightnews.com. April 2011</ref> Talwandi Sabo thermal plant, etc.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/talwandi-sabo-thermal-plant-okayed/article1964667.ece Talwandi Sabo thermal plant okayed]. ''The Hindu'' (10 December 2007). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> Through a new transportation policy, he reduced taxes on air-conditioned buses, making it less expensive for companies to operate luxury buses. This also increased profits of a bus company owned by his son, [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]], which soared to 1.7 million U.S. dollars.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mandhana |first=Niharika |date=12 May 2014 |title=In India, a Political Dynasty Prospers in Power |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303417104579544033543762254?mod=WSJ_article_EditorsPicks |access-date=13 May 2014}}</ref>


'''Parkash Singh Badal''' ({{lang-pa|ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ ਸਿੰਘ ਬਾਦਲ}}; born 8 December 1927) is an Indian politician who was [[List of Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister]] of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] state from 1970 to 1971, from 1977 to 1980, from 1997 to 2002, and from 2007 to 2017. He is also the patron of [[Shiromani Akali Dal]] (SAD), a [[Sikhism|Sikh-centered]] regional political party. He was the president of the party from 1995 to 2008, when he was replaced by his son [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.punjabnewsline.com/content/view/8203/38/ |title=Sukhbir Badal becomes youngest president of Shiromani Akali Dal |publisher=Punjab Newsline |date=31 January 2008 |first=Satinder |last=Bains |access-date=10 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128073903/http://www.punjabnewsline.com/content/view/8203/38/ |archive-date=28 November 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/badal-jr-is-akali-president/article1190865.ece Badal Jr. is Akali president]. ''The Hindu''. (1 February 2008). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> As the patron of SAD he exercises a strong influence on the [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]]<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20110919/main1.htm SAD-Sant Samaj combine sweeps SGPC elections]. ''The Tribune''. Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> and [[Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/manmohan-singh-ranked-worlds-most-powerful-influential-sikh-1221009.html|title=Manmohan Singh ranked world's most powerful, influential Sikh – Firstpost|date=10 November 2013|newspaper=Firstpost|access-date=28 December 2016}}</ref> The Government of India awarded him the second-highest civilian award, [[Padma Vibhushan]], in 2015.
==== Fifth term (2012–2017) ====
{{main|Fifth Badal ministry}}


==Early life==
In the 2012 election, [[Shiromani Akali Dal]] and [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] combined won 68 seats out of 117,<ref>[http://zeenews.india.com/state-elections-2012/punjab/punjab-elections-results-2012-sad-bjp-combine-attains-majority_762360.html Punjab elections results 2012]. Zeenews.india.com (6 March 2012). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> despite a tradition of anti-incumbency in Punjab.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120307131809/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/punjab-warhorse-badal-beats-antiincumbency/236733-37-170.html Punjab Polls 2012: Warhorse Badal beats anti-incumbency for the first time – Politics – Elections – ibnlive]. CNN-IBN.in.com. Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> Badal again became the chief minister of Punjab on 14 March 2012 after being sworn in by the governor of Punjab, [[Shivraj Patil]]. He is also the oldest chief minister ever and is the only person who has been both the youngest and the oldest chief minister of his state.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120314151532/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Parkash-Singh-Badal-takes-oath-as-Punjab-chief-minister/articleshow/12259284.cms Parkash Singh Badal takes oath as Punjab chief minister]. ''The Times of India''. 14 March 2012</ref> In the 2012–2017 government he held the portfolios of Personnel, General Administration, Power, Cooperation, Science Technology, and Environment, Vigilance and Employment Generation.<ref name="dayandnightnews.com">{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120319015614/http://www.dayandnightnews.com/2012/03/punjab-cabinet-ministers-portfolios-2012 Punjab Cabinet Ministers Portfolios 2012]}}. dayandnightnews.com. March 2012</ref>
Parkash Badal was born on 8 December 1927 in Abul Khurana, near [[Malout]]. He belongs to a Sikh family. He graduated from the [[Forman Christian College]] in [[Lahore]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gopal|first1=Navjeevan|title=Literate, under middle, ninth passed all in new cabinet|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/literate-under-middle-ninth-passed-all-in-new-cabinet/923771/|access-date=2 June 2014|work=The Indian Express|date=15 March 2012}}</ref>


==Political career==
Badal opposed [[Foreign direct investment|FDI]], and sided with political ally BJP.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 September 2012 |title=Badal contradicts son, opposes FDI |newspaper=The Indian Express |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/badal-contradicts-son-opposes-fdi/1008599/ |access-date=8 June 2013}}</ref>
He started his political career in 1947. He was [[Sarpanch]] of the [[Badal, Punjab|Village Badal]] and later Chairman of Block Samiti, Lambi before rising into Punjab politics. He was elected to [[Punjab Legislative Assembly|Punjab Vidhan Sabha]] in 1957 for the first time from the [[Shiromani Akali Dal]] political party .<ref name=IBN>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131010003859/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/the-grand-old-man-of-akali-politics/34960-4.html "The grand old man of Akali politics"], CNN-IBN, 2 March 2007.</ref> He was re-elected in 1969, serving as Minister for Community Development, Panchayati Raj, Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.<ref name=IBN/> He was [[Punjab Legislative Assembly#Leader of Opposition in Punjab Assembly|Leader of Opposition]] in 1972, 1980 and 2002. He has been elected in Vidhan Sabha for a total of 10 times, in 1957 and in each election since 1969, except for the February 1992 election, in which he led a boycott of state elections by the Akalis.<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20111227/punjab.htm Punjab Polls 2012]. ''The Tribune''. (26 December 2011). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref><ref>[http://pbplanning.gov.in/pdf/CM%20PARKASH%20SINGH%20BADAL.pdf Parkash Singh Badal]. pbplanning.gov.in.</ref> In 1997 elections he won from [[Lambi Assembly Constituency]] and has been a consecutive winner in four terms. He was a union minister in Prime Minister [[Morarji Desai]]'s government in 1977, serving as Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation.


==Chief Minister of Punjab==
=== Detentions, protests and issues ===
He has served as [[List of Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)|Punjab Chief Minister]] for four terms, the first time in 1970 when he became the youngest chief minister of an Indian state.<ref>[http://indianexpress.com/elections/punjab-assembly-elections-2017/punjab-polls-parkash-singh-badal-sukhbir-singh-badal-majithia-the-badals-of-punjab-4496456/ The Badals of Punjab]</ref> He completed his most recent term in March 2017.


===First term===
==== Detentions ====
Badal first became Chief Minister of Punjab in March 1970 and headed a coalition government of [[Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh]] and [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh|Jana Sangh]]. In June 1970 Jana Sangh withdrew support from the Badal government over their difference about the place of [[Hindi language|Hindi]] in Punjab. Later, in early July, seven of Akali Dal (Sant) defected to rival Akali Dal headed by ex-CM [[Gurnam Singh]]. An early session of the assembly was called on 24 July to prove the majority of Badal's government. However, the motion of no confidence was not admitted due to lack of requisite support of one-fifth of MLAs. Congress decided to stay neutral and did not support the no-confidence motion.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Arora|first1=Subhash Chander|title=Turmoil in Punjab Politics|date=1990|publisher=Mittal Publications|location=New Delhi|isbn=81-7099-251-6|pages=131–140|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gwG-yOpSEy8C|access-date=2 June 2014}}</ref>
When he had become the Chief Minister of Punjab, Parkash Singh Badal had constructed "beautiful jails", with the reasoning that he and his followers visit jails so often that he must make them pleasant to the eye.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-27 |title=When Punjab was tumultuous, Parkash Singh Badal built a 'beautiful jail' for Akalis, himself |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ludhiana/when-punjab-was-tumultuous-parkash-singh-badal-built-a-beautiful-jail-for-akalis-himself/articleshow/99802948.cms |access-date=2024-01-02 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>


===2007–2012 term===
Badal was first detained in the [[Karnal]] jail in connection with Civil Liberties Agitation later under the [[Maintenance of Internal Security Act]] during the [[The Emergency (India)|Indian Emergency]].<ref name="IBN" /> As the Emergency progressed, conditions in jail became relaxed between prisoners.
In the [[State Assembly elections in India, 2007#Punjab|2007 Punjab state election]] [[Shiromani Akali Dal]]-[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] coalition government won 67 out of 117 seats and Parkash Singh Badal was sworn in as Chief Minister for the fourth time.<ref>[http://www.indian-elections.com/assembly-elections/punjab/election-result-07.html Punjab Assembly Election 2007 Results] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508085551/http://www.indian-elections.com/assembly-elections/punjab/election-result-07.html |date=8 May 2013 }}. indian-elections.com</ref> He held 10 portfolios, which included the ministries for Home, Housing & Urban Development, Excise & Taxation, Power, Personnel, General Administration, Vigilance, Employment, Legal & Legislative Affairs and NRIs Affairs.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/badal-allocates-portfolios/article1807528.ece Badal allocates portfolios]. ''The Hindu''. (8 March 2007). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> Badal launched many schemes such as free ambulance service,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150716080915/http://www.dayandnightnews.com/2011/04/badal-launches-free-ambulance-service/ Badal launches free ambulance service]. dayandnightnews.com. April 2011</ref> Talwandi Sabo thermal plant, etc.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/talwandi-sabo-thermal-plant-okayed/article1964667.ece Talwandi Sabo thermal plant okayed]. ''The Hindu'' (10 December 2007). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> Through a new transportation policy, he reduced taxes on air-conditioned buses, making it less expensive for companies to operate luxury buses. This also increased profits of a bus company owned by his son, [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]], which soared to 1.7 million U.S. dollars.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mandhana|first=Niharika|title=In India, a Political Dynasty Prospers in Power|url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303417104579544033543762254?mod=WSJ_article_EditorsPicks|access-date=13 May 2014|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|date=12 May 2014}}</ref>


===2012–2017===
He was then imprisoned in 1982 over protesting against the Sutlej Yamuna link canal which would have made the Punjab land barren of water resources.


In the 2012 election, [[Shiromani Akali Dal]] and [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] combined won 68 seats out of 117,<ref>[http://zeenews.india.com/state-elections-2012/punjab/punjab-elections-results-2012-sad-bjp-combine-attains-majority_762360.html Punjab elections results 2012]. Zeenews.india.com (6 March 2012). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> despite a tradition of anti-incumbency in Punjab.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120307131809/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/punjab-warhorse-badal-beats-antiincumbency/236733-37-170.html Punjab Polls 2012: Warhorse Badal beats anti-incumbency for the first time – Politics – Elections – ibnlive]. CNN-IBN.in.com. Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> Badal again became the Chief Minister of Punjab on 14 March 2012 after being sworn in by the Governor of Punjab, [[Shivraj Patil]]. He is also the oldest chief minister ever and is the only person who has been both the youngest and the oldest chief minister of his state.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120314151532/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Parkash-Singh-Badal-takes-oath-as-Punjab-chief-minister/articleshow/12259284.cms Parkash Singh Badal takes oath as Punjab chief minister]. ''The Times of India''. 14 March 2012</ref> In the 2012–2017 government he held the portfolios of Personnel, General Administration, Power, Cooperation, Science Technology, and Environment, Vigilance and Employment Generation.<ref name="dayandnightnews.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120319015614/http://www.dayandnightnews.com/2012/03/punjab-cabinet-ministers-portfolios-2012 Punjab Cabinet Ministers Portfolios 2012]. dayandnightnews.com. March 2012</ref>
He was jailed for sedition against the Indian Government in June 1984 when he had asked for Sikh soldiers to mutiny against the Indian Government after Operation Blue Star.


===FDI in India===
In August 1992, he was again lodged in Tajpur Road Jail from 28 August 1992 to 1 September 1992 for protesting against the false encounters perpetrated by Kanwar Pal Singh Gill.
Badal opposed [[Foreign direct investment|FDI]], and sided with political ally BJP.<ref>{{cite news|title=Badal contradicts son, opposes FDI|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/badal-contradicts-son-opposes-fdi/1008599/|access-date=8 June 2013|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=27 September 2012}}</ref>


==Participation in Akali Movement==
In December 1992, the then Jathedar of Akal Takht, Gurdev Singh Kaunke, of Jagraon's [[Kaunke Kalan]] area, had disappeared after he was arrested by the Punjab Police. Badal staged a protest against police over the disappearance of Jathedar and was arrested and lodged again in Ludhiana jail from 1 to 13 January 1993.
He was first detained in the [[Karnal]] jail in connection with Civil Liberties Agitation later under the [[Maintenance of Internal Security Act]] during the [[The Emergency (India)|Indian Emergency]].<ref name=IBN/> He was President of the Akali Dal from 1996 to 2008.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140402135449/http://www.shiromaniakalidal.org.in/2010/past-presidents-akali-dal/ "Past Presidents"], Shiromani Akali Dal.</ref>


==Award==
He was under house arrest multiple times from 1984-1995, over 50 times in total as noted by Bhai Ajmer Singh.
===Panth Ratan===
On 11 December 2011, Badal was bestowed upon the title of Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum (literally "Jewel of the religion, pride of the community") by the [[Akal Takht]].<ref name="tribune">{{cite news|title=Ignoring protests, Badal given top honour|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20111206/main2.htm|access-date=7 May 2013|newspaper=The Tribune|date=5 December 2011}}</ref> He was awarded this title at [[Harmandir Sahib|Golden Temple]] complex in the presence of Jathedars of all five Takhts in the form of a “siropa” (robe of honour), a sword and a silver plaque with inscription of the citation of ''Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum''.<ref>{{cite news|title=The CM is now Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum..|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-cm-is-now-panth-rattan-fakhreqaum../884532/|access-date=7 May 2013|newspaper=The Indian Express}}</ref> Badal was awarded this title for his service towards the Sikh Panth by creating many memorials pertaining to Sikhism such as [[Virasat-e-Khalsa]], besides being imprisoned for long time and having faced atrocities during various Akali movements.


This award was retracted by the Sikh Panth at Sarbat Khalsa on 10 November 2015 due to allegations of Civil Rights Violations and failure to recognize the oppression faced by the Sikhs of Punjab.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Correspondent|first1=HT|title=Sarbat Khalsa appoints Jagtar Singh Hawara as Akal Takht jathedar|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/sarbat-khalsa-bhog-ceremony-of-akhand-path-performed-people-start-reaching-the-venue/story-4a7kGuwRRCaP8pPa6zugSL.html|access-date=10 November 2015|work=Hindustan Times|issue=10 November 2015}}</ref>
==== Janata Party ====
Whilst in jail, Badal began to speak to the other political prisoners about forming an opposition group to [[Indira Gandhi|Indira Gandhi’s]] Congress and the idea of the [[Janata Party]] was made, a party that works for the people.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Singh (SirPentapotamia) |first=Rattan |date=2023-07-09 |title=The Sikh response to The Emergency |url=https://khalsachronicle.substack.com/p/the-sikh-response-to-the-emergency |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=The Khalsa Chronicle}}</ref> On 6 February 1976 Badal hosted a lunch for about 409 political detenus which marked the beginning of a dialogue.<ref name=":0" />


Many political Sikh organizations such as Dal Khalsa, Khalra Mission Organization, Punjab Human Rights Organization, Khalsa Panchayat and Niarye Khalsa Organization. Former SGPC secretary general Manjit Singh Calcutta argued that this award is given posthumously.<ref>{{cite news|title=Grandiose title for Parkash Singh Badal sparks storm|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-27/chandigarh/30446799_1_jathedar-akal-takht-khalsa-panchayat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111130032840/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-27/chandigarh/30446799_1_jathedar-akal-takht-khalsa-panchayat|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 November 2011|access-date=7 May 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 November 2011}}</ref> In response, Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Gurbachan Singh cited the example of [[Tara Singh (activist)|Master Tara Singh]], who was given this award during his lifetime.<ref name="tribune"/> Dal Khalsa leader Kanwar Pal Singh termed it sycophancy, as Badal indirectly controls SGPC.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sikh intellectuals seek criterion for Panth Rattan|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-06/india/30481292_1_sikh-bodies-sikh-intellectuals-high-priests|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629121739/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-06/india/30481292_1_sikh-bodies-sikh-intellectuals-high-priests|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 June 2013|access-date=7 May 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 December 2011}}</ref>
In the 1977 elections, the Janata Party came to power with an alliance with the [[Shiromani Akali Dal]], running under a platform of democracy and retaining civil liberties.<ref name=":0" />


===Padma Vibhushan===
Indira Gandhi would lose her home seat of [[Raebareli|Rae Bareilly]] to Raj Narain, with the [[Indian National Congress|Congress Party]] not even receiving one seat in states like [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[Haryana]], [[Bihar]] (including [[Jharkhand]]), [[Uttar Pradesh]] (including [[Uttarakhand]]) and [[Himachal Pradesh]].<ref name=":0" />
[[File:The President, Shri Pranab Mukherjee presenting the Padma Vibhushan Award to the Chief Minister of Punjab, Shri Parkash Singh Badal, at a Civil Investiture Ceremony, at Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on March 30, 2015.jpg|thumb]]
Parkash Singh Badal (left) receiving [[Padma Vibhushan]] award from [[President of India]] [[Pranab Mukherjee]] (right) on 30 March 2015.


However he returned this award to support the [[2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest]] on 3 December 2020.<ref>{{cite news|title=Parkash Singh Badal returns Padam Vibhushan in protest against ‘betrayal of farmers’|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/parkash-singh-badal-returns-padma-vibhushan-award/article33238641.ece|access-date=3 December 2020|newspaper=The Hindu|date = 3 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-03|title=Farmer Protest: Former Punjab Chief Minister Prakash Singh Badal returned Padma Vibhushan - The Thinkera|url=https://www.thethinkera.com/politics/farmer-protest-former-punjab-chief-minister-prakash-singh-badal-returned-padma-vibhushan/|access-date=2021-03-09|language=en-US}}</ref>
==== Separatism ====
He was a part of the Dharam-Yudh Morcha and was a close associate of Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, even attending his Dastarbandi ceremony.


==SYL Canal issue==
During the Dharam-Yudh Morcha he went undercover and reached the Indian Parliament and had burnt copies of Article 25B of the Indian Constitution over the demand for a separate identity for Sikhs.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2015-01-26 |title=Padma Vibhushan for Punjab CM Parkash Singh Badal |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/padma-vibhushan-for-punjab-cm-parkash-singh-badal/articleshow/46018398.cms |access-date=2024-01-02 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
Ever since the [[Sutlej Yamuna link canal|Sutlej-Yamuna Link]] (SYL) issue came up in 1982, Punjab Chief Minister Parkash Singh Badal has been vocal in disapproving it and leading from the front in safeguarding the rights of Punjab’s farmers. He has played a key role in ensuring that SYL should never become a reality and even got arrested for leading the ‘Nehar Roko Morcha’ in April 1982. He believes that successive Congress governments at the Centre have been doing "grave injustice" to the state forcing Punjab to share the water in the name of SYL Canal. Recently, under his leadership, [[Government of Punjab, India|Punjab government]] took a path-breaking decision of adopting the Punjab Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal (Transfer of Proprietary Rights) Bill, 2016 in the assembly. With this decision taken on 14 March 2016, the process of denotifying (and dismantling) the 121-km long Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal that was constructed in Punjab to carry water to Haryana has begun. Parkash Singh Badal has expressed candidly many times that Punjab doesn't have a single drop of spare water for anybody and Akali Dal is opposed to the agreement which it believed would rob the water of the state. Chief Minister Badal, in his latest move, has sent a cheque of Rs.390 crore back to Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar received from Haryana nearly four decades back.<ref>{{cite news|title=SYL is an emotive issue: Badal|url=http://www.thestatesman.com/news/india/syl-is-an-emotive-issue-badal/132430.html|access-date=15 April 2016|agency=he Statesman Limited|publisher=he Statesman Limited|date=26 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Badal describes SYL canal as 'death warrant' of Punjab|url=http://punjabnewsexpress.com/punjab/news/badal-descfribes-syl-canal-as-death-warrant-of-punjab-48657.aspx|access-date=15 April 2016|agency=Legit Expressions Pvt. Ltd|publisher=Legit Expressions Pvt. Ltd|date=13 April 2016}}</ref>


==Issues==
He was a part of the United Akali Dal, which supported Khalistan. He was contesting alongside politicians like Simranjit Singh Mann, Baba Joginder Singh Rode (father of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale) and Captain Amarinder Singh.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Parkash Singh Badal and Captain Amarinder Singh at odds |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19880315-parkash-singh-badal-and-captain-amarinder-singh-at-odds-797033-1988-03-14 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=India Today |date=15 March 1988 |language=en}}</ref>
Parkash Singh Badal along with his wife Surinder Kaur, son [[Sukhbir Singh Badal|Sukhbir Singh]] and seven others were booked under various provisions of the [[Prevention of Corruption Act]] in 2003. After a seven-year-long case all accused were acquitted by a local court in Mohali in 2010 due to a lack of incriminating evidence.<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/news/badal-family-acquitted-in-corruption-case/691092 Badal, family acquitted in corruption case]. ''The Indian Express''. (1 October 2010). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref> In 2007, 11 key witnesses retracted their statements before the Special Court set up in Ropar district.


===Ghadar-e-Qaum Brand===
Badal had said that the militants of the Damdami Taksal and other terrorist outfits were "engaged in a struggle of the Panth".<ref name=":2" /> During the Khalistan Movement he had shifted to political protests and armed insurrection; he stated, "Barnala is a traitor. He is a tyrant worse than the Moghuls. Even Mrs Gandhi's despotic regime pales before his misdeeds. At the behest of the Centre, he is finishing the Sikh youth and attacking the Sikh holy shrines. Neither God nor Sikhs shall pardon him. The Delhi Darbar is out to finish the Sikhs. We must fight back. I shall go to each Sikh youth's house killed by the security forces, visit Sikhs detained in jails. We shall do everything possible to stop the massacre of Sikh youth."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Akali Dal leader Prakash Singh Badal sounds battle cry against Punjab CM Barnala |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19860731-akali-dal-leader-prakash-singh-badal-sounds-battle-cry-against-punjab-cm-barnala-801086-1986-07-30 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=India Today |date=31 July 1986 |language=en}}</ref>
On 10 November 2015, along with Avtar Makkar, Badal was branded as Ghadar-e-Qaum (meaning traitor to the faith) by a gathering of the Sikh community known as the "Sarbat Khalsa." This was due to his alleged role in the 1984 Sikh genocide<ref>{{cite web|title=World Sikh Summit Declares Badals & Makkar 'Gadar-E-Qaum'|url=https://www.sikh24.com/2015/11/02/world-sikh-summit-declares-badals-makkar-gadar-e-quam/|website=Sikh 24|publisher=Sikh24.com|access-date=24 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/punjab-govt-plays-it-safe-allows-radical-sarbat-khalsa-jathedars-mand-daduwal-to-visit-golden-temple/story-mo7cugVNyIQTyg5vgR1ExL.html|title=Pb govt plays it safe, allows radical jathedars to visit Golden Temple|date=15 May 2016|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/radical-jathedars-to-set-up-parallel-akal-takht-secretariat/231665.html Radical ‘Jathedars’ to set up parallel Akal Takht secretariat]</ref>


==Personal life==
He had protection from the [[Khalistan Commando Force]] in 1992 as various militants saw him as an ally; he used to go to various Bhog ceremonies of militants as well.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Honouring of Sikh militants' relatives creates fresh problems for Badal govt |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19970515-honouring-of-sikh-militants-relatives-creates-fresh-problems-for-badal-govt-831372-1997-05-14 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=India Today |date=15 May 1997 |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Parkash Singh Badal2.png|thumb|220px]]
 
In 1959, he married Surinder Kaur. The couple had two children, [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]] and Parneet Kaur, who is married to [[Adesh Pratap Singh Kairon]]. Surinder Kaur died in 2011 after a long illness due to cancer.<ref>[http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-05-24/news/29577679_1_cm-prakash-singh-badal-sukhbir-surinder-kaur-badal "Surinder Kaur Badal dead: Former Punjab CM Prakash Singh Badal's wife passes away"], The Economic Times (24 May 2011). Retrieved 25 October 2011.</ref>
On the militants' orders he had boycotted the 1992 Punjab elections, no one from his party had contested and the only ones participating were the [[Indian National Congress]], Shiromani Akali Dal (Kabul) and [[Bhartiya Janata Party]], and even those only in Hindu rural or Urban areas, as the candidates feared the militant's gun.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=With militant scare and Akali boycott, Punjab elections may be a damp squib |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/special-report/story/19920229-with-militant-scare-and-akali-boycott-punjab-elections-may-be-a-damp-squib-765888-2013-06-24 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=India Today |date=24 June 2013 |language=en}}</ref> Only 25 percent of the population voted due to the boycott and insurgency.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Singh |first=Gurharpal |date=1992 |title=The Punjab Elections 1992: Breakthrough or Breakdown? |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2645266 |journal=Asian Survey |volume=32 |issue=11 |pages=988–999 |doi=10.2307/2645266 |jstor=2645266 |issn=0004-4687}}</ref><ref name=":3" />
His younger brother [[Gurdas Singh Badal]] had also been in politics. His nephew [[Manpreet Singh Badal]] is the serving Finance Minister of Punjab.
 
In 1993 Badal had signed the memorandum submitted to the United Nations, demanding Khalistan, which also carried Tohra’s signature.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2015-04-03 |title=Badal suffers from selective amnesia on Khalistan: Bajwa |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/badal-suffers-from-selective-amnesia-on-khalistan-bajwa/story-gHP9WqxBjBXAuoi4lUDpOI.html |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> The memorandum stated, "Like all free people of the world, the Sikh nation, in accordance with the UN declaration on granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples, seeks an independent and sovereign state to break the shackles of apartheid, slavery, colonialism and a retrograde political system and structure.”<ref name=":4" />
 
He publicly shed his separatist ideologue in 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sikh militants mark their political graduation, retain their hold over the priests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19870215-sikh-militants-mark-their-political-graduation-retain-their-hold-over-the-priests-798536-1987-02-14 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=India Today |date=15 February 1987 |language=en}}</ref>
 
==== Protests ====
In the 1950s till the late 1960s he provided the Punjabi Suba Movement's protestors with food and resources to continue their movement against the Indian Government. He also joined the protests.
 
He protested and was joined when protesting against the Indian Emergency against Indira Gandhi.
 
When he was the chief minister in 2015, demanded the premature release of 13 Sikhs, including assassins of former Punjab chief minister Beant Singh although was not able to.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Government worried as Badal bats for Sikh extremists |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/mail-today/story/punjab-sad-badal-sikh-extremists-beant-singh-234445-2015-01-07 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=India Today |date=7 January 2015 |language=en}}</ref>
 
Throughout his career he tried his best to make a widespread issue over the Dharmi Faujis not receiving their pensions, although the Sikh population did not take notice and overlooked or dismissed the issue completely.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-12-02 |title='Give Dharmi Faujis pension or stop benefits to Badal Senior' |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/give-dharmi-faujis-pension-or-stop-benefits-to-badal-senior/articleshow/72325127.cms |access-date=2024-01-02 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
 
Ever since the [[Sutlej Yamuna link canal|Sutlej-Yamuna Link]] (SYL) issue came up in 1982, Punjab Chief Minister Parkash Singh Badal has been vocal in disapproving it and leading from the front in safeguarding the rights of Punjab's farmers. He believed that successive Congress governments at the Centre have been doing "grave injustice" to the state forcing Punjab to share the water in the name of SYL Canal. Under his leadership, [[Government of Punjab, India|Punjab government]] took a path-breaking decision of adopting the Punjab Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal (Transfer of Proprietary Rights) Bill, 2016 in the assembly. With this decision taken on 14 March 2016, the process of denotifying (and dismantling) the 121-km long Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal that was constructed in Punjab to carry water to Haryana has begun. Parkash Singh Badal has expressed candidly many times that Punjab does not have a single drop of spare water for anybody and Akali Dal is opposed to the agreement which it believed would rob the water of the state. Chief Minister Badal, in his latest move, has sent a cheque of Rs.390 crore back to Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar received from Haryana nearly four decades back.<ref>{{cite news |date=26 March 2016 |title=SYL is an emotive issue: Badal |publisher=he Statesman Limited |agency=he Statesman Limited |url=http://www.thestatesman.com/news/india/syl-is-an-emotive-issue-badal/132430.html |access-date=15 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=13 April 2016 |title=Badal describes SYL canal as 'death warrant' of Punjab |publisher=Legit Expressions Pvt. Ltd |agency=Legit Expressions Pvt. Ltd |url=http://punjabnewsexpress.com/punjab/news/badal-descfribes-syl-canal-as-death-warrant-of-punjab-48657.aspx |access-date=15 April 2016}}</ref>
 
Badal returned the second-highest civilian award, the Padma Vibhushan award to support the [[2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest]] on 3 December 2020.<ref>{{cite news |date=3 December 2020 |title=Parkash Singh Badal returns Padam Vibhushan in protest against 'betrayal of farmers' |newspaper=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/parkash-singh-badal-returns-padma-vibhushan-award/article33238641.ece |access-date=3 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 December 2020 |title=Farmer Protest: Former Punjab Chief Minister Prakash Singh Badal returned Padma Vibhushan – The Thinkera |url=https://www.thethinkera.com/politics/farmer-protest-former-punjab-chief-minister-prakash-singh-badal-returned-padma-vibhushan/ |access-date=9 March 2021 |language=en-US |archive-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614175852/https://www.thethinkera.com/politics/farmer-protest-former-punjab-chief-minister-prakash-singh-badal-returned-padma-vibhushan/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
==== Issues ====
Parkash Singh Badal along with his wife Surinder Kaur, son [[Sukhbir Singh Badal|Sukhbir Singh]] and seven others were booked under various provisions of the [[Prevention of Corruption Act]] in 2003. After a seven-year-long case all accused were acquitted by a local court in Mohali in 2010 due to a lack of incriminating evidence.<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/news/badal-family-acquitted-in-corruption-case/691092 Badal, family acquitted in corruption case]. ''The Indian Express''. (1 October 2010). Retrieved 17 October 2015.</ref>
 
In May 2016, the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] had surrounded Parkash Singh Badal's house on the issue of farmer suicides and an alleged Rs 12,000-crore wheat scam, Badal, who was the chief minister then, emerged from his home with folded hands. To everyone's surprise, Badal invited them to discuss things over lunch, although the rivalry continued they stopped protests at his residence.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bureau |first=ABP News |date=2023-04-25 |title=A Political Career As Long As India's Independence: Here Are Some Lesser-Known Facts About Park |url=https://news.abplive.com/news/india/parkash-singh-badal-death-lesser-known-facts-politics-punjab-shiromani-akali-dal-1598004 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}</ref>
 
== Death ==
Badal died on 25 April 2023, aged 95, after a brief illness at Fortis hospital in [[Mohali]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 April 2023 |title=SAD patriarch Parkash Singh Badal passes away at 95 |language=en |website=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/sad-patriarch-parkash-singh-badal-passes-away-at-95-8575814/ |access-date=25 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Parkash Singh Badal: आईसीयू में प्रकाश सिंह बादल, मायावती ने ट्वीट कर की जल्द ठीक होने की कामना |url=https://www.amarujala.com/chandigarh/mayawati-wished-parkash-singh-badal-a-speedy-recovery-2023-04-24 |access-date=25 April 2023 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref>
 
== Awards ==
 
=== Panth Rattan ===
On 11 December 2011, Badal was bestowed upon the title of Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum (literally "Jewel of the religion, pride of the community") by the [[Akal Takht]].<ref name="tribune">{{cite news |date=5 December 2011 |title=Ignoring protests, Badal given top honour |newspaper=The Tribune |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20111206/main2.htm |access-date=7 May 2013}}</ref> He was awarded this title at [[Harmandir Sahib|Golden Temple]] complex in the presence of Jathedars of all five Takhts in the form of a "siropa" (robe of honour), a sword and a silver plaque with inscription of the citation of ''Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum''.<ref>{{cite news |title=The CM is now Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum.. |newspaper=The Indian Express |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-cm-is-now-panth-rattan-fakhreqaum../884532/ |access-date=7 May 2013}}</ref> Badal was awarded this title for his service towards the Sikh Panth by creating many memorials pertaining to Sikhism such as [[Virasat-e-Khalsa]], besides being imprisoned for long time and having faced atrocities during various movements.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 April 2023 |title=Badal spent crores on his monument(al) passion |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/parkash-singh-badal-spent-crores-on-his-monumental-passion-8577859/}}</ref>
 
Former SGPC secretary general Manjit Singh Calcutta argued that the award is given posthumously.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 November 2011 |title=Grandiose title for Parkash Singh Badal sparks storm |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Grandiose-title-for-Parkash-Singh-Badal-sparks-storm/articleshow/10887100.cms |url-status=live |access-date=7 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111130032840/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-27/chandigarh/30446799_1_jathedar-akal-takht-khalsa-panchayat |archive-date=30 November 2011}}</ref> In response, Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Gurbachan Singh cited the example of [[Tara Singh (activist)|Master Tara Singh]], who was given the award during his lifetime.<ref name="tribune" />
[[File:The_President,_Shri_Pranab_Mukherjee_presenting_the_Padma_Vibhushan_Award_to_the_Chief_Minister_of_Punjab,_Shri_Parkash_Singh_Badal,_at_a_Civil_Investiture_Ceremony,_at_Rashtrapati_Bhavan,_in_New_Delhi_on_March_30,_2015.jpg|thumb|Parkash Singh Badal (left) receiving [[Padma Vibhushan]] award from [[President of India]] [[Pranab Mukherjee]] (right) on 30 March 2015.<ref>{{cite news |date=26 January 2015 |title=Padma Vibhushan for Punjab CM Parkash Singh Badal |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/padma-vibhushan-for-punjab-cm-parkash-singh-badal/articleshow/46018398.cms}}</ref>]]
 
=== Padma Vibhushan ===
He was given the Padma Vibhushan due to his contributions toward politics, agriculture, infrastructure and service to India by the Indian Government headed by Narendra Modi in March 2015.<ref name=":1" />
 
== Electoral performance ==
He lost the 1967 and 2022 assembly elections and won election 11 times to the assembly (one time from Malout, five times from Godderbaha, and fives times from Lambi) and one time in the Lok Sabha elections.
{{transcluded section|source=Malout Assembly constituency}}{{trim|{{#section-h:Malout Assembly constituency|1957}}}}
{{Election box begin|title=[[1967 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab Assembly election, 1967]]: [[Gidderbaha Assembly constituency|Giddarbaha]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Polling Booth For Punjab Lok Sabha Elections 1967|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415175924/http://www.elections.in/punjab/assembly-constituencies/1967-election-results.html|access-date=2026-01-29 |website=www.elections.in}}</ref>}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=Harcharan Singh Brar|party=Indian National Congress|votes={{formatnum:21692}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Shiromani Akali Dal|candidate=Parkash Singh Badal|votes={{formatnum:21635}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin|title=[[1969 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab Assembly election, 1969]]: [[Gidderbaha Assembly constituency|Giddarbaha]]}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=Parkash Singh Badal|party=Shiromani Akali Dal|votes={{formatnum:30625}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Mohinder Singh|votes={{formatnum:19418}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin|title=[[1972 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab Assembly election, 1972]]: [[Gidderbaha Assembly constituency|Giddarbaha]]}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=Parkash Singh Badal|party=Shiromani Akali Dal|votes={{formatnum:30557}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Mohinder Singh|votes={{formatnum:21246}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box end}}{{transcluded section|source=Faridkot Lok Sabha constituency}}{{trim|{{#section-h:Faridkot Lok Sabha constituency|General elections 1977}}}}
{{Election box begin|title=[[1985 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab Assembly election, 1985]]: [[Gidderbaha Assembly constituency|Giddarbaha]]}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=Parkash Singh Badal|party=Shiromani Akali Dal|votes={{formatnum:36438}}|percentage=54.6%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Jagmeet Singh|votes={{formatnum:27173}}|percentage=40.7%|change=}}
{{Election box end}}{{transcluded section|source=Qila Raipur Assembly constituency}}{{trim|{{#section-h:Qila Raipur Assembly constituency|1997}}}}
{{Election box begin|title=[[2002 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab Assembly election, 2002]]: [[Lambi, Muktsar|Lambi]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[Parkash Singh Badal]]|party=Shiromani Akali Dal|votes=50,545|percentage=54.2|change=-3.1}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Maheshinder Singh|votes=26,616|percentage=28.6|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Gurnam Singh|votes=12,800|percentage=13.7|change=-12.5}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Parveen Kumari Bagri|votes=2,068|percentage=2.2|change=-13.1}}
{{Election box majority|votes=93,233|percentage=25.7|change=-5.0}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=130,612|percentage=71.4|change=-4.4}}
{{Election box hold with party link|winner=Shiromani Akali Dal|swing=}}
{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin|title=[[2007 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab Assembly election, 2007]]: [[Lambi, Muktsar|Lambi]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[Parkash Singh Badal]]|party=Shiromani Akali Dal|votes=56,282|percentage=51.4|change=-2.8}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Maheshinder Singh|votes=47,095|percentage=43|change=+29.3}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Harnek Singh|votes=2,252|percentage=2.1|change=-11.6}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Samajwadi Party|candidate=Raju Kumar|votes=1,223|percentage=1.1|change=}}
{{Election box majority|votes=109,608|percentage=8.4|change=-17.3}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=125,606|percentage=87.3|change=+15.9}}
{{Election box hold with party link|winner=Shiromani Akali Dal|swing=}}
{{Election box end}}{{transcluded section|source=Lambi Assembly constituency}}{{trim|{{#section-h:Lambi Assembly constituency|2012}}}}{{transcluded section|source=Lambi Assembly constituency}}{{trim|{{#section-h:Lambi Assembly constituency|2017}}}}{{transcluded section|source=Lambi Assembly constituency}}{{trim|{{#section-h:Lambi Assembly constituency|2022}}}}
 
== See also ==


==See also==
{{Commons category|Parkash Singh Badal}}
*[[Prakash Singh Badal ministry (1977–1980)]]
* [[Bathinda]]
* [[Bathinda]]
* [[Prakash Singh Badal ministry (1977–1980)]]
* [[Simranjit Singh Mann]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}


==References==
== External links ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
 
* {{Commons category-inline|Parkash Singh Badal}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef
| before = Kartar Singh Kalra
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = Member of Parliament<br />for [[Faridkot Lok Sabha constituency|Faridkot]]
| years = 1971–1977
}}
{{s-aft
| after = Gurbrinder Kaur Brar
}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Gurnam Singh]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]
| years = 27 March 1970 – 14 June 1971
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[President's rule]]
}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Jagjivan Ram]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare|Minister of Agriculture]]
| years = 24 March 1977 – 20 June 1977
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Surjit Singh Barnala]]
}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[President's rule]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]
| years = 20 June 1977 – 17 February 1980
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[President's rule]]
}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Rajinder Kaur Bhattal]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]
| years = 12 February 1997 – 26 February 2002
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Amarinder Singh]]
}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Amarinder Singh]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]
| years = 1 March 2007 – 11 March 2017
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Amarinder Singh]]
}}
{{S-end}}{{Punjab MLAs during 2007-2012}}{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}{{Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)}}{{Ministry of Communications (India)}}
{{Authority control}}


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=Kartar Singh Kalra}}
{{s-bef|before=Kartar Singh Kalra}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament<br>for [[Faridkot (Lok Sabha constituency)|Faridkot]] |years=1971– 1977}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament<br />for [[Faridkot Lok Sabha constituency|Faridkot]] |years=1971–1977}}
{{s-aft|after=Gurbrinder Kaur Brar}}
{{s-aft|after=Gurbrinder Kaur Brar}}
|-
{{s-break}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Gurnam Singh]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Gurnam Singh]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]|years=27 March 1970–14 June 1971}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]|years=27 March 1970 – 14 June 1971}}
{{s-aft|after=[[President's rule]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[President's rule]]}}
|-
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Jagjivan Ram]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Jagjivan Ram]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare|Minister of Agriculture]]|years=24 March 1977–20 June 1977}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare|Minister of Agriculture]]|years=24 March 1977 – 20 June 1977}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Surjit Singh Barnala]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Surjit Singh Barnala]]}}
|-
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[President's rule]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[President's rule]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]|years=20 June 1977–17 February 1980}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]|years=20 June 1977 – 17 February 1980}}
{{s-aft|after=[[President's rule]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[President's rule]]}}
|-
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Rajinder Kaur Bhattal]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Rajinder Kaur Bhattal]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]|years=12 February 1997–26 February 2002}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]|years=12 February 1997 – 26 February 2002}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Amarinder Singh]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Amarinder Singh]]}}
|-
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Amarinder Singh]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Amarinder Singh]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]|years=1 March 2007–11 March 2017}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister of Punjab]]|years=1 March 2007 – 11 March 2017}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Amarinder Singh]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Amarinder Singh]]}}
{{S-end}}
{{S-end}}
{{Current Indian Chief Ministers}}
{{Punjab MLAs during 2007-2012}}
{{Punjab MLAs during 2007-2012}}
{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}
{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}
{{Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)}}
{{Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)}}
{{Ministry of Communications (India)}}
{{Ministry of Communications (India)}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Badal, Parkash Singh}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Badal, Parkash Singh}}
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2023 deaths]]
[[Category:Shiromani Akali Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Shiromani Akali Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Chief ministers of Punjab, India]]
[[Category:6th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:India MPs 1977–1979]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 2007–2012]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 2007–2012]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 1957–1962]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 1957–1962]]
Line 173: Line 341:
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 1997–2002]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 1997–2002]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 2012–2017]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 2012–2017]]
[[Category:Indian Sikhs]]
[[Category:Punjabi Sikhs]]
[[Category:People from Sri Muktsar Sahib]]
[[Category:People from Sri Muktsar Sahib]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Indians imprisoned during the Emergency (India)]]
[[Category:Indian people imprisoned during the Emergency (India)]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Leaders of the opposition in Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Shiromani Akali Dal]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Shiromani Akali Dal]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in public affairs]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in public affairs]]
[[Category:Agriculture Ministers of India]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of India]]
[[Category:Members of the Cabinet of India]]
[[Category:Members of the Cabinet of India]]
[[Category:Forman Christian College alumni]]
[[Category:Forman Christian College alumni]]
[[Category:5th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:India MPs 1971–1977]]
[[Category:People from Faridkot district]]
[[Category:People from Faridkot district]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 2017–2022]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 2017–2022]]

Latest revision as of 21:20, 21 February 2026


Not to be confused with Parkash Singh. For the Omani cricketer, see Badal Singh.

Parkash Singh Badal
Badal in 2014
8th Chief Minister of Punjab
In office
1 March 2007 – 16 March 2017
GovernorSunith Francis Rodrigues,Shivraj Patil,Kaptan Singh SolankiV. P. Singh Badnore
DeputySukhbir Singh Badal (from 2009)
Preceded byAmarinder Singh
Succeeded byAmarinder Singh
In office
12 February 1997 – 26 February 2002
GovernorB. K. N. Chhibber,J. F. R. Jacob
Preceded byRajinder Kaur Bhattal
Succeeded byAmarinder Singh
In office
20 June 1977 – 17 February 1980
GovernorMahendra Mohan Choudhry,Ranjit Singh Narula,Jaisukhlal Hathi
Preceded byPresident's rule
Succeeded byPresident's rule
In office
27 March 1970 – 14 June 1971
GovernorD. C. Pavate
Preceded byGurnam Singh
Succeeded byPresident's rule
Leader of the Opposition in Punjab Assembly
In office
2 October 1972 – 30 April 1977
Preceded byJaswinder Singh Brar
Succeeded byBalram Jakhar
In office
7 June 1980 – 7 October 1983
Preceded byBalram Jakhar
Succeeded byGurbinder Kaur Brar
In office
26 February 2002 – 1 March 2007
Preceded byChaudhary Jagjit Singh
Succeeded byRajinder Kaur Bhattal
11th Union Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation, Government of India
In office
28 March 1977 – 17 June 1977
Prime MinisterMorarji Desai
Preceded byJagjivan Ram
Succeeded bySurjit Singh Barnala
Personal details
Born(1927-12-08)8 December 1927
Abul Khurana, Punjab Province, British India
Died25 April 2023(2023-04-25) (aged 95)
Mohali, Punjab, India
Political partyShiromani Akali Dal
Other political
affiliations		National Democratic Alliance (1998–2020)
Spouse(s)
Surinder Kaur
​
(
m. 1959; died 2011)
Children2, including Sukhbir
RelativesBadal family, Majithia family, Kairon family
ResidenceBadal, Punjab
ProfessionPolitician
SignatureSignature of PS Badal

Parkash Singh Badal (8 December 1927 – 25 April 2023) was an Indian politician and Sikh rights advocate who served as the 8th Chief Minister of Punjab from 1970 to 1971, from 1977 to 1980, from 1997 to 2002, and from 2007 to 2017, the longest serving Chief Minister of Punjab till date. He was also Leader of the Opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly from 1972 to 1977, 1980 to 1983 and from 2002 to 2007 and the 11th Union Minister of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare in the Morarji Desai ministry from 1977 to 1977. He was the patron of Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), a Sikh-centered regional political party, and the president of the party from 1995 to 2008, when he was replaced by his son Sukhbir Singh Badal.[1][2] As the patron of SAD he exercised a strong influence on the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee[3] and Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee.[4]

Early life and family[edit | edit source]

Parkash Singh Badal was born on 8 December 1927 in Abul Khurana, near Malout. He belonged to a Jatt Sikh family of Dhillon Clan, who were generally apolitical and worked in their fields. His father was a landlord named Raghuraj Singh Badal.[5] In 1959, he married Surinder Kaur. The couple had two children, Sukhbir Singh Badal and Parneet Kaur, who is married to Adesh Pratap Singh Kairon. Surinder Kaur died in 2011 after a long illness due to cancer.[6]

His younger brother Gurdas Singh Badal had also been in politics in both, the Shiromani Akali Dal and the Indian National Congress. His nephew Manpreet Singh Badal served as Finance Minister of Punjab.[7][8]

Badal graduated from the Panjab University and FC College, Lahore and became a member of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee at a young age.[9] During the Partition of India he was not able to board any train and was left to fend for himself in Lahore, Pakistan.[10] He was later escorted by a party of Indian soldiers as his father requested Brigadier Mohinder Singh Chopra to help him.[11][10]

Political career[edit | edit source]

Badal started his political career in 1947. He was Sarpanch of the Village Badal and later chairman of Block Samiti, Lambi before rising into Punjab politics. He was elected to Punjab Vidhan Sabha in 1957 for the first time from the Shiromani Akali Dal political party, when he was hardly thirty years of age.[12] He was re-elected in 1969, serving as Minister for Community Development, Panchayati Raj, Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.[12] He was Leader of Opposition in 1972, 1980 and 2002. He had been elected in Vidhan Sabha for a total of 10 times, in 1957 and in each election since 1969, except for the February 1992 election, in which he led a boycott of state elections by the Akalis.[13][14] In 1997 elections he won from Lambi Assembly constituency and had been a consecutive winner in four terms. He was a union minister in Prime Minister Morarji Desai's government in 1977, serving as Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation.[15]

Chief Minister of Punjab[edit | edit source]

Badal served as Punjab Chief Minister for five terms, the first time in 1970 when he became the youngest chief minister of an Indian state.[16] He completed his last term in March 2017.[17]

First term (1970-1971)[edit | edit source]

Badal first became Chief Minister of Punjab in March 1970 and headed a coalition government of Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh and Jana Sangh. In June 1970 Jana Sangh withdrew support from the Badal government over their difference about the place of Hindi in Punjab. Later, in early July, seven of Akali Dal (Sant) defected to rival Akali Dal headed by ex-CM Gurnam Singh. An early session of the assembly was called on 24 July to prove the majority of Badal's government. However, the motion of no confidence was not admitted due to lack of requisite support of one-fifth of MLAs. Congress decided to stay neutral and did not support the no-confidence motion.[18]

Second term (1977-1980)[edit | edit source]

Main article: Second Badal ministry

Badal became CM for the term 20 June 1977 to 17 February 1980 with the support and alliance of Janata Party.[19] He led major developments in infrastructure and kept harmony in the state despite the fiery tensions that were running during the Emergency from 1975-1977.

Third term (1997–2002)[edit | edit source]

Main article: Third Badal ministry

Badal became CM for the term 12 February 1997 to 26 February 2002.[20] He had put a complete end to all human rights violations in Punjab by the Punjab Police- along with the dreaded Black Cats and bounty system.

Fourth term (2007–2012)[edit | edit source]

Main article: Fourth Badal ministry

In the 2007 Punjab state election Shiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party coalition government won 67 out of 117 seats and Parkash Singh Badal was sworn in as chief minister for the fourth time.[21] He held 10 portfolios, which included the ministries for Home, Housing & Urban Development, Excise & Taxation, Power, Personnel, General Administration, Vigilance, Employment, Legal & Legislative Affairs and NRIs Affairs.[22] Badal launched many schemes such as free ambulance service,[23] Talwandi Sabo thermal plant, etc.[24] Through a new transportation policy, he reduced taxes on air-conditioned buses, making it less expensive for companies to operate luxury buses. This also increased profits of a bus company owned by his son, Sukhbir Singh Badal, which soared to 1.7 million U.S. dollars.[25]

Fifth term (2012–2017)[edit | edit source]

Main article: Fifth Badal ministry

In the 2012 election, Shiromani Akali Dal and Bharatiya Janata Party combined won 68 seats out of 117,[26] despite a tradition of anti-incumbency in Punjab.[27] Badal again became the chief minister of Punjab on 14 March 2012 after being sworn in by the governor of Punjab, Shivraj Patil. He is also the oldest chief minister ever and is the only person who has been both the youngest and the oldest chief minister of his state.[28] In the 2012–2017 government he held the portfolios of Personnel, General Administration, Power, Cooperation, Science Technology, and Environment, Vigilance and Employment Generation.[29]

Badal opposed FDI, and sided with political ally BJP.[30]

Detentions, protests and issues[edit | edit source]

Detentions[edit | edit source]

When he had become the Chief Minister of Punjab, Parkash Singh Badal had constructed "beautiful jails", with the reasoning that he and his followers visit jails so often that he must make them pleasant to the eye.[31]

Badal was first detained in the Karnal jail in connection with Civil Liberties Agitation later under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act during the Indian Emergency.[12] As the Emergency progressed, conditions in jail became relaxed between prisoners.

He was then imprisoned in 1982 over protesting against the Sutlej Yamuna link canal which would have made the Punjab land barren of water resources.

He was jailed for sedition against the Indian Government in June 1984 when he had asked for Sikh soldiers to mutiny against the Indian Government after Operation Blue Star.

In August 1992, he was again lodged in Tajpur Road Jail from 28 August 1992 to 1 September 1992 for protesting against the false encounters perpetrated by Kanwar Pal Singh Gill.

In December 1992, the then Jathedar of Akal Takht, Gurdev Singh Kaunke, of Jagraon's Kaunke Kalan area, had disappeared after he was arrested by the Punjab Police. Badal staged a protest against police over the disappearance of Jathedar and was arrested and lodged again in Ludhiana jail from 1 to 13 January 1993.

He was under house arrest multiple times from 1984-1995, over 50 times in total as noted by Bhai Ajmer Singh.

Janata Party[edit | edit source]

Whilst in jail, Badal began to speak to the other political prisoners about forming an opposition group to Indira Gandhi’s Congress and the idea of the Janata Party was made, a party that works for the people.[32] On 6 February 1976 Badal hosted a lunch for about 409 political detenus which marked the beginning of a dialogue.[32]

In the 1977 elections, the Janata Party came to power with an alliance with the Shiromani Akali Dal, running under a platform of democracy and retaining civil liberties.[32]

Indira Gandhi would lose her home seat of Rae Bareilly to Raj Narain, with the Congress Party not even receiving one seat in states like Punjab, Haryana, Bihar (including Jharkhand), Uttar Pradesh (including Uttarakhand) and Himachal Pradesh.[32]

Separatism[edit | edit source]

He was a part of the Dharam-Yudh Morcha and was a close associate of Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, even attending his Dastarbandi ceremony.

During the Dharam-Yudh Morcha he went undercover and reached the Indian Parliament and had burnt copies of Article 25B of the Indian Constitution over the demand for a separate identity for Sikhs.[33]

He was a part of the United Akali Dal, which supported Khalistan. He was contesting alongside politicians like Simranjit Singh Mann, Baba Joginder Singh Rode (father of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale) and Captain Amarinder Singh.[34]

Badal had said that the militants of the Damdami Taksal and other terrorist outfits were "engaged in a struggle of the Panth".[34] During the Khalistan Movement he had shifted to political protests and armed insurrection; he stated, "Barnala is a traitor. He is a tyrant worse than the Moghuls. Even Mrs Gandhi's despotic regime pales before his misdeeds. At the behest of the Centre, he is finishing the Sikh youth and attacking the Sikh holy shrines. Neither God nor Sikhs shall pardon him. The Delhi Darbar is out to finish the Sikhs. We must fight back. I shall go to each Sikh youth's house killed by the security forces, visit Sikhs detained in jails. We shall do everything possible to stop the massacre of Sikh youth."[35]

He had protection from the Khalistan Commando Force in 1992 as various militants saw him as an ally; he used to go to various Bhog ceremonies of militants as well.[36]

On the militants' orders he had boycotted the 1992 Punjab elections, no one from his party had contested and the only ones participating were the Indian National Congress, Shiromani Akali Dal (Kabul) and Bhartiya Janata Party, and even those only in Hindu rural or Urban areas, as the candidates feared the militant's gun.[37] Only 25 percent of the population voted due to the boycott and insurgency.[38][37]

In 1993 Badal had signed the memorandum submitted to the United Nations, demanding Khalistan, which also carried Tohra’s signature.[39] The memorandum stated, "Like all free people of the world, the Sikh nation, in accordance with the UN declaration on granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples, seeks an independent and sovereign state to break the shackles of apartheid, slavery, colonialism and a retrograde political system and structure.”[39]

He publicly shed his separatist ideologue in 1998.[40]

Protests[edit | edit source]

In the 1950s till the late 1960s he provided the Punjabi Suba Movement's protestors with food and resources to continue their movement against the Indian Government. He also joined the protests.

He protested and was joined when protesting against the Indian Emergency against Indira Gandhi.

When he was the chief minister in 2015, demanded the premature release of 13 Sikhs, including assassins of former Punjab chief minister Beant Singh although was not able to.[41]

Throughout his career he tried his best to make a widespread issue over the Dharmi Faujis not receiving their pensions, although the Sikh population did not take notice and overlooked or dismissed the issue completely.[42]

Ever since the Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL) issue came up in 1982, Punjab Chief Minister Parkash Singh Badal has been vocal in disapproving it and leading from the front in safeguarding the rights of Punjab's farmers. He believed that successive Congress governments at the Centre have been doing "grave injustice" to the state forcing Punjab to share the water in the name of SYL Canal. Under his leadership, Punjab government took a path-breaking decision of adopting the Punjab Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal (Transfer of Proprietary Rights) Bill, 2016 in the assembly. With this decision taken on 14 March 2016, the process of denotifying (and dismantling) the 121-km long Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal that was constructed in Punjab to carry water to Haryana has begun. Parkash Singh Badal has expressed candidly many times that Punjab does not have a single drop of spare water for anybody and Akali Dal is opposed to the agreement which it believed would rob the water of the state. Chief Minister Badal, in his latest move, has sent a cheque of Rs.390 crore back to Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar received from Haryana nearly four decades back.[43][44]

Badal returned the second-highest civilian award, the Padma Vibhushan award to support the 2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest on 3 December 2020.[45][46]

Issues[edit | edit source]

Parkash Singh Badal along with his wife Surinder Kaur, son Sukhbir Singh and seven others were booked under various provisions of the Prevention of Corruption Act in 2003. After a seven-year-long case all accused were acquitted by a local court in Mohali in 2010 due to a lack of incriminating evidence.[47]

In May 2016, the Aam Aadmi Party had surrounded Parkash Singh Badal's house on the issue of farmer suicides and an alleged Rs 12,000-crore wheat scam, Badal, who was the chief minister then, emerged from his home with folded hands. To everyone's surprise, Badal invited them to discuss things over lunch, although the rivalry continued they stopped protests at his residence.[48]

Death[edit | edit source]

Badal died on 25 April 2023, aged 95, after a brief illness at Fortis hospital in Mohali, Punjab.[49][50]

Awards[edit | edit source]

Panth Rattan[edit | edit source]

On 11 December 2011, Badal was bestowed upon the title of Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum (literally "Jewel of the religion, pride of the community") by the Akal Takht.[51] He was awarded this title at Golden Temple complex in the presence of Jathedars of all five Takhts in the form of a "siropa" (robe of honour), a sword and a silver plaque with inscription of the citation of Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum.[52] Badal was awarded this title for his service towards the Sikh Panth by creating many memorials pertaining to Sikhism such as Virasat-e-Khalsa, besides being imprisoned for long time and having faced atrocities during various movements.[53]

Former SGPC secretary general Manjit Singh Calcutta argued that the award is given posthumously.[54] In response, Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Gurbachan Singh cited the example of Master Tara Singh, who was given the award during his lifetime.[51]

Parkash Singh Badal (left) receiving Padma Vibhushan award from President of India Pranab Mukherjee (right) on 30 March 2015.[55]

Padma Vibhushan[edit | edit source]

He was given the Padma Vibhushan due to his contributions toward politics, agriculture, infrastructure and service to India by the Indian Government headed by Narendra Modi in March 2015.[33]

Electoral performance[edit | edit source]

He lost the 1967 and 2022 assembly elections and won election 11 times to the assembly (one time from Malout, five times from Godderbaha, and fives times from Lambi) and one time in the Lok Sabha elections.

This section is transcluded from Malout Assembly constituency. (edit | history)
Punjab Assembly election, 1957
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
INC Parkash Singh Badal 39,255
Independent Ujjagar Singh 13,571
Majority
INC gain from [[|N/A]]
Punjab Assembly election, 1967: Giddarbaha[56]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
INC Harcharan Singh Brar 21,692
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 21,635
Punjab Assembly election, 1969: Giddarbaha
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 30,625
INC Mohinder Singh 19,418
Punjab Assembly election, 1972: Giddarbaha
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 30,557
INC Mohinder Singh 21,246
This section is transcluded from Faridkot Lok Sabha constituency. (edit | history)
1977 Indian general election: Faridkot
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 282,713 58.00
INC Avtar Singh 195,692 37.40
IND Jeeta Ram 9,889 2.00
IND Hari Chand 2,933 0.60
Majority 100,701 20.70
Turnout 487,098 75.40
SAD hold Swing
Punjab Assembly election, 1985: Giddarbaha
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 36,438 54.6%
INC Jagmeet Singh 27,173 40.7%
This section is transcluded from Qila Raipur Assembly constituency. (edit | history)
Punjab Assembly election, 1997: Qila Raipur[57]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 38,532 44.74
CPI(M) Tarsem Jodhan 27500 31.93
SAD(A) Simranjit Singh Mann 15377 17.85
INC Jagdev Singh Jassowal 4716 5.48
Majority
Turnout 86125 71.54
Registered electors
SAD

gain from CPI (M)

Swing
Punjab Assembly election, 2002: Lambi
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 50,545 54.2 −3.1
Independent Maheshinder Singh 26,616 28.6
INC Gurnam Singh 12,800 13.7 −12.5
BSP Parveen Kumari Bagri 2,068 2.2 −13.1
Majority 93,233 25.7 −5.0
Turnout 130,612 71.4 −4.4
SAD hold Swing
Punjab Assembly election, 2007: Lambi
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 56,282 51.4 −2.8
INC Maheshinder Singh 47,095 43 +29.3
BSP Harnek Singh 2,252 2.1 −11.6
SP Raju Kumar 1,223 1.1
Majority 109,608 8.4 −17.3
Turnout 125,606 87.3 +15.9
SAD hold Swing
This section is transcluded from Lambi Assembly constituency. (edit | history)
Punjab Assembly election, 2012: Lambi
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 67,999 55.71
INC Maheshinder Singh 43,260 35.44
PPoP Gurdas Singh Badal 5,352 4.38
BSP Parveen Kumari 1,773 1.45
IND. Puran Singh 1,239 1.02
Majority 24,739 20.27
Turnout 1,22,174 87.23
SAD hold Swing
This section is transcluded from Lambi Assembly constituency. (edit | history)
Punjab Assembly election, 2017: Lambi[58]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 66,375 49.54 −6.17
INC Capt. Amarinder Singh 43,605 32.54 −2.9
AAP Jarnail Singh 21,254 15.86 −
NOTA None of the above 1,101 0.82 −
PLP Gurmeet Singh Ranghreta 730 0.54 +0.25
Majority 22,770 17.00 −3.27
Turnout 1,34,089 85.77 −1.46
Registered electors
SAD hold Swing -6.17
This section is transcluded from Lambi Assembly constituency. (edit | history)
Punjab Assembly election, 2022: Lambi
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
AAP Gurmeet Singh Khuddian[59] 66,313 48.87 Increase32.88
SAD Parkash Singh Badal 54,917 40.47 Decrease9.48
INC Jagpal Singh Abul Khurana 10,136 7.47 Decrease32.81
SAD(A) Jaswinder Singh 1,318 0.97 Increase0.57
NOTA None of the above 1,226 0.9 Increase0.07
BJP Rakesh Dhingra 1,116 0.82 New
Majority 11,396 8.4 Decrease8.74
Turnout 1,35,697
Registered electors 165,825
AAP gain from SAD

Swing

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Bains, Satinder (31 January 2008). "Sukhbir Badal becomes youngest president of Shiromani Akali Dal". Punjab Newsline. Archived from the original on 28 November 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  2. ↑ Badal Jr. is Akali president. The Hindu (1 February 2008). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  3. ↑ SAD-Sant Samaj combine sweeps SGPC elections. The Tribune. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  4. ↑ "Manmohan Singh ranked world's most powerful, influential Sikh". Firstpost. 10 November 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  5. ↑ "Badal, Parkash Singh" (PDF).
  6. ↑ "Surinder Kaur Badal dead: Former Punjab CM Prakash Singh Badal's wife passes away"[dead link], The Economic Times (24 May 2011). Retrieved 25 October 2011.
  7. ↑ "Badal allocates portfolios". The Hindu. 7 March 2007 – via www.thehindu.com.
  8. ↑ "Punjab Finance Minister sacked". The Hindu. 13 October 2010 – via www.thehindu.com.
  9. ↑ Gopal, Navjeevan (15 March 2012). "Literate, under middle, ninth passed all in new cabinet". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "How History Will Remember Parkash Singh Badal". NewsClick. 30 April 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  11. ↑ "Parkash Singh Badal: When Lahore that lived in his heart, never died". The Indian Express. 27 April 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "The grand old man of Akali politics", CNN-IBN, 2 March 2007.
  13. ↑ Punjab Polls 2012. The Tribune. (26 December 2011). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  14. ↑ Parkash Singh Badal. pbplanning.gov.in.
  15. ↑ "Parkash Singh Badal: Grand old man of Punjab politics".
  16. ↑ "The Badals of Punjab". 29 January 2017.
  17. ↑ "Punjab election results: Parkash Singh Badal to resign tomorrow". 11 March 2017.
  18. ↑ Arora, Subhash Chander (1990). Turmoil in Punjab Politics (1st ed.). New Delhi: Mittal Publications. pp. 131–140. ISBN 81-7099-251-6. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
  19. ↑ "Parkash Singh Badal: The grand old man of Punjab politics". 26 April 2023.
  20. ↑ "STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 2002 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF PUNJAB" (PDF). Election Commission of India
  21. ↑ Punjab Assembly Election 2007 Results Archived 8 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. indian-elections.com
  22. ↑ Badal allocates portfolios. The Hindu. (8 March 2007). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  23. ↑ Badal launches free ambulance service[usurped]. dayandnightnews.com. April 2011
  24. ↑ Talwandi Sabo thermal plant okayed. The Hindu (10 December 2007). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  25. ↑ Mandhana, Niharika (12 May 2014). "In India, a Political Dynasty Prospers in Power". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
  26. ↑ Punjab elections results 2012. Zeenews.india.com (6 March 2012). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  27. ↑ Punjab Polls 2012: Warhorse Badal beats anti-incumbency for the first time – Politics – Elections – ibnlive. CNN-IBN.in.com. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  28. ↑ Parkash Singh Badal takes oath as Punjab chief minister. The Times of India. 14 March 2012
  29. ↑ Punjab Cabinet Ministers Portfolios 2012[usurped]. dayandnightnews.com. March 2012
  30. ↑ "Badal contradicts son, opposes FDI". The Indian Express. 27 September 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2013.
  31. ↑ "When Punjab was tumultuous, Parkash Singh Badal built a 'beautiful jail' for Akalis, himself". The Times of India. 27 April 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 Singh (SirPentapotamia), Rattan (9 July 2023). "The Sikh response to The Emergency". The Khalsa Chronicle. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 "Padma Vibhushan for Punjab CM Parkash Singh Badal". The Times of India. 26 January 2015. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 "Parkash Singh Badal and Captain Amarinder Singh at odds". India Today. 15 March 1988. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  35. ↑ "Akali Dal leader Prakash Singh Badal sounds battle cry against Punjab CM Barnala". India Today. 31 July 1986. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  36. ↑ "Honouring of Sikh militants' relatives creates fresh problems for Badal govt". India Today. 15 May 1997. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 "With militant scare and Akali boycott, Punjab elections may be a damp squib". India Today. 24 June 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  38. ↑ Singh, Gurharpal (1992). "The Punjab Elections 1992: Breakthrough or Breakdown?". Asian Survey. 32 (11): 988–999. doi:10.2307/2645266. ISSN 0004-4687. JSTOR 2645266.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 "Badal suffers from selective amnesia on Khalistan: Bajwa". Hindustan Times. 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  40. ↑ "Sikh militants mark their political graduation, retain their hold over the priests". India Today. 15 February 1987. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  41. ↑ "Government worried as Badal bats for Sikh extremists". India Today. 7 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  42. ↑ "'Give Dharmi Faujis pension or stop benefits to Badal Senior'". The Times of India. 2 December 2019. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  43. ↑ "SYL is an emotive issue: Badal". he Statesman Limited. he Statesman Limited. 26 March 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
  44. ↑ "Badal describes SYL canal as 'death warrant' of Punjab". Legit Expressions Pvt. Ltd. Legit Expressions Pvt. Ltd. 13 April 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
  45. ↑ "Parkash Singh Badal returns Padam Vibhushan in protest against 'betrayal of farmers'". The Hindu. 3 December 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  46. ↑ "Farmer Protest: Former Punjab Chief Minister Prakash Singh Badal returned Padma Vibhushan – The Thinkera". 3 December 2020. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  47. ↑ Badal, family acquitted in corruption case. The Indian Express. (1 October 2010). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  48. ↑ Bureau, ABP News (25 April 2023). "A Political Career As Long As India's Independence: Here Are Some Lesser-Known Facts About Park". news.abplive.com. Retrieved 2 January 2024. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  49. ↑ "SAD patriarch Parkash Singh Badal passes away at 95". The Indian Express. 25 April 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
  50. ↑ "Parkash Singh Badal: आईसीयू में प्रकाश सिंह बादल, मायावती ने ट्वीट कर की जल्द ठीक होने की कामना". Amar Ujala (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 25 April 2023.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 "Ignoring protests, Badal given top honour". The Tribune. 5 December 2011. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
  52. ↑ "The CM is now Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum." The Indian Express. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
  53. ↑ "Badal spent crores on his monument(al) passion". 26 April 2023.
  54. ↑ "Grandiose title for Parkash Singh Badal sparks storm". The Times of India. 27 November 2011. Archived from the original on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
  55. ↑ "Padma Vibhushan for Punjab CM Parkash Singh Badal". The Times of India. 26 January 2015.
  56. ↑ "List of Polling Booth For Punjab Lok Sabha Elections 1967". www.elections.in. Retrieved 29 January 2026.
  57. ↑ "Punjab General Legislative Election 1997". Election Commission of India. 10 May 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
  58. ↑ Election Commission of India. "Punjab General Legislative Election 2017". Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  59. ↑ "Punjab Elections 2022: Full list of Aam Aadmi Party candidates and their constituencies". The Financial Express. 21 January 2022. Retrieved 23 January 2022.

External links[edit | edit source]

Lok Sabha
Preceded by
Kartar Singh Kalra 		Member of Parliament
for Faridkot
1971–1977 		Succeeded by
Gurbrinder Kaur Brar
Political offices
Preceded by
Gurnam Singh 		Chief Minister of Punjab
27 March 1970 – 14 June 1971 		Succeeded by
President's rule
Preceded by
Jagjivan Ram 		Minister of Agriculture
24 March 1977 – 20 June 1977 		Succeeded by
Surjit Singh Barnala
Preceded by
President's rule 		Chief Minister of Punjab
20 June 1977 – 17 February 1980 		Succeeded by
President's rule
Preceded by
Rajinder Kaur Bhattal 		Chief Minister of Punjab
12 February 1997 – 26 February 2002 		Succeeded by
Amarinder Singh
Preceded by
Amarinder Singh 		Chief Minister of Punjab
1 March 2007 – 11 March 2017 		Succeeded by
Amarinder Singh

Template:Punjab MLAs during 2007-2012


Lok Sabha
Preceded by
Kartar Singh Kalra 		Member of Parliament
for Faridkot
1971–1977 		Succeeded by
Gurbrinder Kaur Brar
Political offices
Preceded by
Gurnam Singh 		Chief Minister of Punjab
27 March 1970 – 14 June 1971 		Succeeded by
President's rule
Preceded by
Jagjivan Ram 		Minister of Agriculture
24 March 1977 – 20 June 1977 		Succeeded by
Surjit Singh Barnala
Preceded by
President's rule 		Chief Minister of Punjab
20 June 1977 – 17 February 1980 		Succeeded by
President's rule
Preceded by
Rajinder Kaur Bhattal 		Chief Minister of Punjab
12 February 1997 – 26 February 2002 		Succeeded by
Amarinder Singh
Preceded by
Amarinder Singh 		Chief Minister of Punjab
1 March 2007 – 11 March 2017 		Succeeded by
Amarinder Singh

Template:Punjab MLAs during 2007-2012

Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parkash_Singh_Badal&oldid=447054"
Discover more