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{{Short description|Political party in India}}
{{Short description|Political party in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox Indian Political Party  
{{Infobox Indian Political Party  
|party_name        = Janata Dal (Secular)
|party_name        = Janata Dal (Secular)
Line 8: Line 9:
|abbreviation      = JD(S)
|abbreviation      = JD(S)
|president        = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]
|president        = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]
|founder          = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]<br />{{small|(Former [[Prime Minister of India]])}}
|founder          = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]
|loksabha_leader  = [[Prajwal Revanna]]
|loksabha_leader  = [[H. D. Kumaraswamy]]
|rajyasabha_leader = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]
|rajyasabha_leader = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]
|chairman            = [[H. D. Kumaraswamy]]
|predecessor      = [[Janata Dal]]
|predecessor      = [[Janata Dal]]
|foundation        = {{Start date and years ago|July 1999|df=y|p=y}}
|foundation        = {{Start date and years ago|July 1999|df=y|p=y}}
|alliance          = *[[Left Democratic Front]] (Kerala)
| alliance          = * '''National Alliance'''<br />
*[[Rajasthan Loktantrik Morcha|Loktantrik Morcha]] ([[Rajasthan]])
*[[National Democratic Alliance]] <br/> (2006–2007) <br/> (2024–present)
|colours          = [[Green (color)|Green]] {{coloursample|{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
{{hidden|Former Alliances|
|eci              = [[List of political parties in India#State (regional)|State Party]]<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=9 May 2013|location=India|year=2013}}</ref>
*[[United Progressive Alliance]] (National) (2004–2006), (2018–2019)
|ideology          =  
*[[AIADMK-led Alliance]] ([[Tamil Nadu]]) (2006)
|position          = [[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]<ref>{{cite news| url = https://indianexpress.com/elections/manipur-congress-forms-pre-poll-alliance-with-left-wing-political-parties-7744817/|title = Manipur: Congress forms pre-poll alliance with Left-wing political parties}}</ref>
*[[Left Democratic Front]] ([[Kerala]]) (2009–2026){{efn|2024–2026 (rebel group)}}}}
|loksabha_seats    = {{Composition bar|1|543|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|colours          = [[Green]] {{coloursample|{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|eci              = [[List of political parties in India#State parties|State Party]]<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=9 May 2013|location=India|year=2013}}</ref>
|ideology          = {{nowrap|[[Social democracy]]{{refn|<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kohli |first1=Deepti |title=Political determinants of centre-state transfers: An empirical analysis across Indian states |journal=Journal of Government and Economics |date=2024 |volume=16 |article-number=100130 |doi=10.1016/j.jge.2024.100130 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Manjhi |first1=Ganesh |last2=Mehra |first2=Meeta Keswani |title=Political Transfer Cycles from the Centre to the states |journal=Ensayos sobre Política Económica |date=June 2018 |volume=36 |issue=86 |pages=207–241 |doi=10.32468/espe.8604 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kas.de/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=ecae4f7c-d46c-37cb-b4a9-1278f851c45b&groupId=252038|title=REGIONAL/STATE PARTIES IN INDIA AN ANNOTATED ALMANAC|website=www.kas.de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.internacionalsocialista.org/fileadmin/uploads/si/Documents/Congresses/Athens/SG_Report_XXIII_SI_Congress_Athens_2008aa.pdf|title=Global Solidarity: The courage to 'make a difference XXIII CONGRESS OF THE SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL ATHENS, GREECE, 30 JUNE - 2 JULY 2008|website=www.internacionalsocialista.org}}</ref>}}<ref name="auto"/>}}<br />'''Factions:'''<br />[[Kannadigas|Canarese nationalism]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://jds.ind.in/en/history.php|title=JANATA DAL (SECULAR)}}</ref>
|position          = [[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]]<ref name="auto"/>
 
|loksabha_seats    = {{Composition bar|2|543|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|rajyasabha_seats  = {{Composition bar|1|245|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|rajyasabha_seats  = {{Composition bar|1|245|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|state_seats_name  = [[State legislative assemblies of India]]
| state_seats_name  = [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
|state_seats      = [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] {{Composition bar|19|224|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}<br /> [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]]{{Composition bar|2|140|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
| state_seats      = {{Composition bar|18|224|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}  
}}
|state2_seats_name = [[Karnataka Legislative Council]]
|state2_seats_name = [[Karnataka Legislative Council]]
|state2_seats      = {{Composition bar|8|75|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|state2_seats      = {{Composition bar|8|75|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|headquarters      = JP Bhavan, 19/1, Platform Road, [[Seshadripuram]], [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]]-560020
|headquarters      = JP Bhavan, 19/1, Platform Road, [[Seshadripuram]], [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]]-560020
|students          = Student Janata Dal
|students          = Student Janata Dal (Secular)
|youth            = [[Yuva Janata Dal]]
|youth            = Yuva Janata Dal (Secular)
|women            = Mahila Janata Dal
|women            = Mahila Janata Dal (Secular)
|labour            = Karmikara Janata Dal
|labour            = Karmikara Janata Dal (Secular)
|peasants          =  
|peasants          =  
|no_states        = {{Composition bar|1|31|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|no_states        = {{Composition bar|1|31|hex={{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|national_convener = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]
|ppchairman      = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]
|symbol            = [[File:Indian election symbol female farmer.svg|Janata Dal Election Symbol|150px]]
|symbol            = [[File:Indian election symbol female farmer.svg|Janata Dal Election Symbol|150px]]
|website          = {{url|http://jds.ind.in/}}  
| flag = Janata Dal (Secular) flag (1).svg
|website          = {{url|http://jds.ind.in/}}
}}
}}
The '''Janata Dal (Secular)''' ({{translation|People Party (Secular)}}; {{small|abbr.}} '''JD(S)''') is an Indian [[Regionalism (politics)|regional]] [[political party]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://janatadals.com/aboutparty.php|title=History of Janata Dal (Secular) according to its website|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref> recognised as a [[List of political parties in India#State (regional)|state party]] in the [[Federated state|state]] of [[Karnataka]], [[Kerala]] and [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. It was founded by the former [[prime minister of India]] [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] in July 1999 as a breakaway faction from the [[Janata Dal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19991113/ipo13028.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201104233/http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19991113/ipo13028.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 February 2009|title=EC to hear Janata Dal symbol dispute|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.india-today.com/itoday/19990802/jd.html|title=The Nation:Janata Dal:Divided Gains (India Today article)|access-date=2007-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109210028/http://www.india-today.com/itoday/19990802/jd.html|archive-date=9 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> It has a political presence mainly in Karnataka. In Kerala, the party is a part of the [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|Left Democratic Front]].


==History==
The '''Janata Dal (Secular)''' ({{translation|'''People's Party (Secular)'''}}; {{small|abbr.}} '''JD(S)''') is an [[India]]n [[political party]] recognised as a [[List of political parties in India#State (regional)|state party]] in the [[Indian states]] of [[Karnataka]], [[Kerala]] and [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. It was founded by the former [[prime minister of India]] [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] in July 1999 as a breakaway faction from the [[Janata Dal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19991113/ipo13028.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201104233/http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19991113/ipo13028.html|archive-date=1 February 2009|title=EC to hear Janata Dal symbol dispute|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.india-today.com/itoday/19990802/jd.html|title=The Nation:Janata Dal:Divided Gains (India Today article)|access-date=2007-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109210028/http://www.india-today.com/itoday/19990802/jd.html|archive-date=9 January 2016}}</ref>
[[File:JD-S-propaganda-Kannada-Bangalore.jpg|thumb|JD(S) promotion art-work in [[Bangalore]].]]
 
The Janata Dal (Secular), formed in 1999, had its origins in the [[Janata Party]], founded in 1977 as a coalition of several smaller parties that combined forces to oppose the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name="britannica.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Janata-Dal-Secular|title=britannica.com : Janata Dal (Secular)}}</ref> In 1988 the Janata Party and other smaller parties merged to form the [[Janata Dal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lokpriya.com/personalities/political/present/chandrashekhar.html|title=article on Chandrashekar|access-date=2007-09-30|archive-date=12 February 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212230334/http://www.lokpriya.com/personalities/political/present/chandrashekhar.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindujobs.com/thehindu/mp/2006/01/17/stories/2006011700490300.html|title=Bouquet of ideologies - article in the Hindu|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0029548.html|title=Janata Dal|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref> In 1996, Janata Dal reached its pinnacle when [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] became Prime Minister of India, heading the [[United Front (India)|United Front]] (UF) coalition government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pmindia.nic.in/pm_gowda.htm|title=Profile of Deve Gowda on PMO website|access-date=2007-09-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010020723/http://pmindia.nic.in/pm_gowda.htm|archive-date=10 October 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">[http://jds.ind.in/histor/ History « Welcome to Janata Dal (Secular) Official Website]. Jds.ind.in. Retrieved on 2014-05-21.</ref>
== History ==
The Janata Dal (Secular), formed in 1999, had its origins in the [[Janata Party]], founded in 1977 as a coalition of several smaller parties that combined forces to oppose the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name="britannica.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Janata-Dal-Secular|title=Janata Dal (Secular) &#124; Indian Political Party, History & Ideology &#124; Britannica|date=15 September 2025|website=www.britannica.com}}</ref> In 1988 the Janata Party and other smaller parties merged to form the [[Janata Dal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lokpriya.com/personalities/political/present/chandrashekhar.html|title=article on Chandrashekar|access-date=2007-09-30|archive-date=12 February 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212230334/http://www.lokpriya.com/personalities/political/present/chandrashekhar.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindujobs.com/thehindu/mp/2006/01/17/stories/2006011700490300.html|title=Bouquet of ideologies - article in the Hindu|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0029548.html|title=Janata Dal|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref> In 1996, Janata Dal reached its pinnacle when [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] became Prime Minister of India, heading the [[United Front (India, 1996)|United Front]] (UF) coalition government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pmindia.nic.in/pm_gowda.htm|title=Profile of Deve Gowda on PMO website|access-date=2007-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010020723/http://pmindia.nic.in/pm_gowda.htm|archive-date=10 October 2007}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date= |title=History – Janata Dal (Secular) |url=http://jds.ind.in/histor/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919160654/http://jds.ind.in/histor/ |archive-date=2021-09-19 |website=jds.ind.in}}</ref>


The Janata Dal split in 1999, when a faction led by Chief Minister [[J. H. Patel]] lent support to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]-led [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] leading to the formation of Janata Dal (Secular) under [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] and [[Siddaramaiah]]. The [[Sharad Yadav]] faction of the Janata Dal, the Lok Shakti and the Samata Party merged as the [[Janata Dal (United)]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=53&Itemid=60|title=Janata.in|website=www.janata.in}}</ref><ref>[http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl2108/stories/20040423006701900.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103051657/http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl2108/stories/20040423006701900.htm|date=3 January 2008}}</ref> Even though the premise for the split was its opposition to allying with the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]], H. D. Deve Gowda stayed equally away from the [[Indian National Congress]] from the outset.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99aug26/head2.htm|title="Gowda rules out tieup with Congress " - Tribune India article|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref>
The Janata Dal split in 1999, when a faction led by Chief Minister [[J. H. Patel]] lent support to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]-led [[National Democratic Alliance]] leading to the formation of Janata Dal (Secular) under [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] and [[Siddaramaiah]]. The [[Sharad Yadav]] faction of the Janata Dal, the [[Lok Shakti]] and the Samata Party merged as the [[Janata Dal (United)]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=53&Itemid=60|title=Janata.in|website=www.janata.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-04-23 |title=Janata Parivar's home base |url=http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl2108/stories/20040423006701900.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103051657/http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl2108/stories/20040423006701900.htm |archive-date=2008-01-03 |website=www.frontlineonnet.com}}</ref> Even though the premise for the split was its opposition to allying with the [[National Democratic Alliance]], H. D. Deve Gowda stayed equally away from the [[Indian National Congress]] from the outset.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99aug26/head2.htm|title="Gowda rules out tieup with Congress " - Tribune India article|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref>


The [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2004 Karnataka Assembly election]] witnessed the revival of the party's fortunes with JD(S) becoming part of the ruling coalition in the state.
The [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2004 Karnataka Assembly election]] witnessed the revival of the party's fortunes with JD(S) becoming part of the ruling coalition in the state.


On 14 April 2015, the JD(S), Janata Dal (United), [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]], the [[Indian National Lok Dal]], [[Samajwadi Party]], and [[Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)]] announced that they would merge into a new national [[Janata Parivar]] alliance in order to oppose the BJP, thus leaving the UPA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/india/janata-parivar-formalised-mulayam-singh-named-chief-of-new-party_1578871.html |title='Janata Parivar' formalised, Mulayam Singh named chief of new party &#124; Zee News |publisher=Zeenews.india.com |date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2017-03-12}}</ref>
Kumaraswamy was made as [[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka|Chief Minister of Karnataka]] from 4 February 2006 to 9 October 2007.
On 27 September 2007, Kumaraswamy said that he would leave office on 3 October as part of a power-sharing agreement between the Janata Dal (Secular) and the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP), despite the calls of some legislators in the JD(S) for him to remain in office for the time being, due to complications in arranging the transfer of power.<ref>[http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/000200709271901.htm "Kumaraswamy says he will quit on Oct. 3"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421023351/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/000200709271901.htm |date=21 April 2008 }}, PTI (''The Hindu''), 27 September 2007.</ref> However, on 4 October 2007, he refused to transfer power to the BJP.<ref>{{Cite news|author=M, Anil Kumar|date=17 October 2011|title=October effect haunts BS Yeddyurappa|newspaper=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/october-effect-haunts-bs-yeddyurappa/articleshow/10382241.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019224154/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-10-17/bangalore/30289329_1_bs-yeddyurappa-yeddyurappa-government-bjp-mlas|archive-date=19 October 2011}}</ref> Finally, on 8 October 2007, he tendered his resignation to Governor [[Rameshwar Thakur]], and the state was put under President's rule two days later.<ref>{{Cite news|date=9 October 2007|title=Karnataka under President Rule|newspaper=Financial Express|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/karnataka-under-president-rule/226455/0|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413151858/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/karnataka-under-president-rule/226455/0|archive-date=13 April 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> However, he reconciled later and decided to offer support to the BJP. BJP's [[B. S. Yeddyurappa]] was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Karnataka on 12 November 2007.
But, again refused to support BJP government over a disagreement on sharing of ministries which resulted in Yeddyurappa resignation as Chief Minister on 19 November 2007.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/Yeddyurappa-quits-rather-than-face-trust-vote/article14879014.ece|title=Yeddyurappa quits rather than face trust vote|newspaper=The Hindu|date=20 November 2007|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
 
After the untimely demise of Karnataka state JD(S) President Merajuddin Patel, he was elected unopposed as President of the state unit.<ref>{{Cite news|date=20 May 2013|title=Kumaraswamy elected JDS Legislature party leader|newspaper=The Deccan Herald|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/333572/kumaraswamy-elected-jds-legislature-party.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413144739/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/333572/kumaraswamy-elected-jds-legislature-party.html|archive-date=13 April 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>


==Prominent members==
In [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]], party gained Official Opposition (India) status, rather than ruling party BJP.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-11-13/news/56060781_1_party-president-karnataka-assembly-amarnath-shetty|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122003224/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-11-13/news/56060781_1_party-president-karnataka-assembly-amarnath-shetty|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 November 2015|title=H D Deve Gowda announces son as party president of Karnataka unit – The Economic Times<!-- Bot generated title -->}}</ref> Kumaraswamy is also known for accusing political rivals of [[political corruption|corruption]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/who-is-hd-kumaraswamy/articleshow/64176418.cms |title=Who is HD Kumaraswamy? |newspaper=The Times of India |date=16 May 2018 |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |access-date=24 May 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527214346/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/who-is-hd-kumaraswamy/articleshow/64176418.cms |archive-date=27 May 2018  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=21 October 2010|title=JDS Releases CD of BJP MLA Trying to 'Buy' Its MLA|newspaper=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook India]]|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/jds-releases-cd-of-bjp-mla-trying-to-buy-its-mla/698179|access-date=22 November 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032010/https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/jds-releases-cd-of-bjp-mla-trying-to-buy-its-mla/698179|archive-date=1 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=21 October 2010|title=Karnataka: JD-S releases CD of BJP bribery attempt|newspaper=[[Rediff.com]]|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/report/jds-releases-cd-of-bjp-bribery-attempt/20101021.htm9|access-date=22 November 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201035247/http://www.rediff.com/news/report/jds-releases-cd-of-bjp-bribery-attempt/20101021.htm9|archive-date=1 December 2017}}</ref>
 
[[File:The Chief Minister of Karnataka, Shri H.D. Kumaraswamy calling on the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, in New Delhi on May 28, 2018.jpg|thumb|Kumaraswamy met Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] after becoming Chief Minister in May 2018]]
In [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018 elections in Karnataka]] state, JD(S) was the third-largest party but after a post-poll alliance with the [[Rahul Gandhi]] led Indian National Congress, kumaraswamy was sworn in as the Chief Minister for 2nd term on 23 May 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/live/2018/may/23/amid-opposition-show-of-strength-h-d-kumaraswamy-g-parameshwara-take-oath-as-karnataka-chief-minis-1818472.html |title=Amid Opposition show of strength, H D Kumaraswamy, G Parameshwara take oath as Karnataka Chief minis |publisher=The New Indian Express |access-date=24 May 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524151505/http://www.newindianexpress.com/live/2018/may/23/amid-opposition-show-of-strength-h-d-kumaraswamy-g-parameshwara-take-oath-as-karnataka-chief-minis-1818472.html |archive-date=24 May 2018  }}</ref>
 
In the 2019 parliament elections, Kumaraswamy son [[Nikhil Gowda]] contested in the [[Mandya (Lok Sabha constituency)]] against an independent candidate [[Sumalatha]], wife of film actor  Late [[Ambareesh]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.livemint.com/elections/lok-sabha-elections/kumaraswamy-s-son-to-contest-from-mandya-1551723052519.html|title=Nikhil contests from mandya|website=www.livemint.com|date=4 March 2019|access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref> Kumaraswamy took this contest as a prestige<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/national/india-news-flashpoint-mandya-sandalwod-star-sumalatha-and-karnataka-cms-son-nikhils-battle-for-prestige-news-328485|title=Karnataka CM considers Mandya a prestige|website=www.outlookindia.com|date=10 April 2019|access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref> and campaigned all across the constituency. In vain his son lost the election by a margin of 1,30,000 odd votes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2019/may/23/mandya-election-result-sumalatha-heading-towards-victory-over-nikhil-gowda-1980854.html|title=JDS loses Mandy Lok sabha|website=www.newindianexpress.com|date=23 May 2019|access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref> Party's national president Devegowda also defeated in his new constiency [[Tumkuru]]. Then, PWD Minister H. D. Revanna's son Prajwell was only to manage to win in his family bastion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/hd-kumaraswamy-breaks-down-mandya-rally-asks-why-people-rejected-his-son-nikhil-113050%3famp|title=Kumaraswamy breaks down in Mandya|website=www.thenewsminute.com|date=27 November 2019|access-date=7 January 2020|archive-date=8 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408013955/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/hd-kumaraswamy-breaks-down-mandya-rally-asks-why-people-rejected-his-son-nikhil-113050?amp|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
On the month of July 2019, JDS government lost its majority when 13 MLAs of Congress and 3 MLAs of his own party resigned to their MLA Posts. BSP MLA Mahesh N & 2 Independent MLAs withdrew their support for [[H.D.Kumaraswamy]] led coalition Government in Karnataka. On 23 July Kumaraswamy lost his majority in Karnataka floor test.
Kumaraswamy resigned to the Chief Minister post, by submitting his resignation letter to governor [[Vajubhai Vala]] on 23 July 2019. Then BJP was invited to form the government as the single largest party, by the governor and [[Yediyurappa|B. S.Yediyurappa]] took oath as the Chief Minister of Karnataka by succeeding him.
 
In the [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023 Karnataka Assembly Elections]], it was managed to win 19 seats of the contested 204 seats in the same elections.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-05-13 |title=Karnataka polls 2023: Kumaraswamy wins but son Nikhil loses |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/karnataka/news/karnataka-polls-2023-kumaraswamy-wins-but-son-nikhil-loses/articleshow/100207246.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-05-24 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-05-13 |title=See defeat and victory with equanimity: H D Kumaraswamy after JD(S) tallies only 19 seats in Karnataka polls |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/karnataka/see-defeat-and-victory-with-equanimity-h-d-kumaraswamy-after-jds-tallies-only-19-seats-in-karnataka-polls/articleshow/100214371.cms |access-date=2023-05-24 |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> It has a political presence mainly in Karnataka and is in decline. In September 2023, JD(S) joined the BJP controlled [[National Democratic Alliance]]. In [[Kerala]], the party had a small state unit which is part of the state government coalition, the [[Left Democratic Front]]. The state unit has refused to be part of the right wing NDA and are in rebellion against their national leadership for having joined hands with the BJP.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-24 |title=BJP overall, Left in Kerala: JD(S) likely to lose state unit as banner of revolt is raised |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/bjp-left-kerala-jds-banner-revolt-raised-8953648/ |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Over 60 JD(S) office bearers to resign today over alliance with BJP; 30,000 estimated to leave in coming days |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/over-60-jds-office-bearers-to-resign-today-over-alliance-with-bjp-30000-estimated-to-leave-in-coming-days-2702774 |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
 
== Prominent members ==
<!--PLEASE DO NOT MAKE ADDITIONS TO THIS LIST WHICH DO NOT HAVE APPROPRIATE REFERENCES-->
<!--PLEASE DO NOT MAKE ADDITIONS TO THIS LIST WHICH DO NOT HAVE APPROPRIATE REFERENCES-->
<!--ALSO, ENTRIES SHOULD HAVE ARTICLES-->
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* [[H. D. Deve Gowda]], President of Janata Dal (Secular), Former Prime Minister of India and Former Chief minister of Karnataka
* [[H. D. Deve Gowda]], President of Janata Dal (Secular), former prime minister of India and former chief minister of Karnataka
* [[H. D. Kumaraswamy]], Union Minister of Heavy Industries of Government of India, Former Chief Minister of Karnataka and Karnataka State President of Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[H. D. Kumaraswamy]], former chief minister of Karnataka, son of former prime minister of India H. D. Deve Gowda, and former Karnataka State president of Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[Gegong Apang]], former chief minister of Arunachal Pradesh
* [[C. M. Ibrahim]],current Karnataka State president of Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[C. K. Nanu]], state president of JD(S) Kerala, former minister Govt. of Kerala and MLA
* [[H. D. Revanna]], former cabinet minister, present MLA, Karnataka (son of H. D. Deve Gowda).
* [[H. D. Revanna]], former cabinet minister, present MLA, Karnataka (son of H. D. Deve Gowda).
* [[Nikhil Gowda]], state president, Yuva Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[Nikhil Gowda]], state president, Yuva Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[Prajwal Revanna]], MP of Hassan; Lok Sabha leader of Janata Dal (Secular).
* [[B. M. Farooq]], current MLC of Karnataka Legislative Council, current national general secretary of Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[B. M. Farooq]], current MLC of Karnataka Legislative Council, current national general secretary Of Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[C. S. Puttaraju]], former minister for small irrigation resources, and former member of parliament, Lok Sabha from Mandya
* [[C. S. Puttaraju]], former minister for small irrigation resources, and former member of parliament, Lok Sabha from Mandya
* [[GT Devegowda]], former minister for higher education, and member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Chamundeshwari (Vidhana Sabha constituency
* [[G. T. Devegowda]], former minister for higher education, and member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Chamundeshwari (Vidhana Sabha constituency
* [[Sharanagouda Kandakur]] is an Indian politician from Karnataka. He is an MLA from Gurmitkal Assembly constituency in Yadgir district representing Janata Dal (Secular).
* Oommen Thalavady, former MLA Kuttanad, Kerala Legislative Assembly  
* Oommen Thalavady, former MLA Kuttanad, Kerala Legislative Assembly  
* [[Sarekoppa Bangarappa]], former chief minister of Karnataka<ref>[http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=91750n_tit=Bangarappa+Switches+Parties+Ninth+Time%2C+Joins+JD%28S%29 D A I J I W O R L D]. D A I J I W O R L D (2011-08-10). Retrieved on 2014-05-21.</ref>
* [[Sarekoppa Bangarappa]], former chief minister of Karnataka<ref>[http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=91750n_tit=Bangarappa+Switches+Parties+Ninth+Time%2C+Joins+JD%28S%29 D A I J I W O R L D]. D A I J I W O R L D (2011-08-10). Retrieved on 2014-05-21.</ref>
* [[N. M. Joseph]], vice president of Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[N. M. Joseph]], vice president of Janata Dal (Secular)
* [[D. Kupendra Reddy]], Former MP of Rajya Sabha<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/kupendra-reddy-files-papers-as-jds-candidate-for-rs-polls/article6093755.ece|title=Kupendra Reddy files papers as JD(S) candidate for RS polls|date=2014-06-08|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-02-23|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prsindia.org/mptrack/dkupendrareddy|title=D. Kupendra Reddy|date=2016-10-25|website=PRSIndia|language=en|access-date=2019-02-23}}</ref>
* [[D. Kupendra Reddy]], Former MP of Rajya Sabha<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/kupendra-reddy-files-papers-as-jds-candidate-for-rs-polls/article6093755.ece|title=Kupendra Reddy files papers as JD(S) candidate for RS polls|date=2014-06-08|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-02-23|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prsindia.org/mptrack/dkupendrareddy|title=D. Kupendra Reddy|date=2016-10-25|website=PRSIndia|language=en|access-date=2019-02-23}}</ref>
* [[Mathew T. Thomas]], former Kerala State president of Janata Dal (Secular) and former Kerala State minister
* [[Mathew T. Thomas]], Kerala State president of Janata Dal (Secular) and former Kerala State minister
* [[Jose Thettayil]], vice president of Janata Dal (Secular), former minister Govt. of Kerala.
* [[Jose Thettayil]], vice president of Janata Dal (Secular), former minister Govt. of Kerala.
* [[Neelalohithadasan Nadar]], former Kerala State president of Janata Dal (Secular) (former minister Govt. of Kerala; former member of Parliament, Govt. of India)
* [[Neelalohithadasan Nadar]], former Kerala State president of Janata Dal (Secular) (former minister Govt. of Kerala; former member of Parliament, Govt. of India)
* [[K. Krishnankutty]], current Kerala State minister for water resources
* [[K. Krishnankutty]], current Kerala State minister for electricity department


==List of chief ministers==
== Electoral performance ==
===Chief ministers of Karnataka===
=== Assembly election history in Karnataka ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No
! Name
! Constituency
! colspan=2| Term of office
! Tenure length
! Assembly
|- align=center style="height: 60px;"
| rowspan=2|1
| rowspan=2| [[H. D. Kumaraswamy]]
| [[Ramanagara (Vidhana Sabha constituency)|Ramanagara]]
| 3 February 2006
| 8 October 2007
| {{age in years and days|2006|02|03|2007|10|08}}
| [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|12th]]
|- align=center style="height: 60px;"
| [[Channapatna (Vidhana Sabha constituency)|Channapatna]]
| 23 May 2018
| 23 July 2019
| {{age in years and days|2018|05|23|2019|08|23}}
| [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|15th]]
|}
 
===Deputy chief ministers of Karnataka===
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No
! Name
! Constituency
! colspan=2| Term of office
! Tenure length
! Assembly
|- align=center style="height: 60px;"
| 1
| [[Siddaramaiah]]
| [[Chamundeshwari (Vidhana Sabha constituency)|Chamundeshwari]]
| 28 May 2004
| 5 Aug 2005
| {{age in years and days|2004|05|28|2005|08|05}}
| [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|12th]]
|- align=center style="height: 60px;"
| 2
| [[M. P. Prakash]]
| Hadagali
| 5 Aug 2005
| 28 January 2006
| {{age in years and days|2005|08|05|2006|01|28}}
| [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|12th]]
|}
 
==Electoral performance==
 
===Assembly election history in Karnataka===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Year
Line 136: Line 103:
! +/-
! +/-
! Voteshare (%)  
! Voteshare (%)  
! +/- (%)  
! +/- ([[Percentage point|pp]])  
! Outcome
! Outcome
|-
|-
Line 188: Line 155:
|}
|}


===Assembly election history in Kerala===
{{Vertical bar chart|1999|10|2004|58|2008|28|2013|40|2018|37|2023|19|full_name=All time–JD(S) Karnataka Legislative Assembly seat count|type=demographic|color=green}}
 
=== Assembly election history in Kerala ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
Line 205: Line 174:
|}
|}


===Lok Sabha election history in Karnataka===
=== Lok Sabha election history ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!Style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}};color:white" | Election<br>Year
!Style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}};color:white" |Lok<br>Sabha
!style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}};color:white" | Seats<br>contested
!style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}};color:white" | Seats won
!style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}};color:white" | Overall<br>votes
!Style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}};color:white" | (%) of votes
!Style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}};color:white" | (+/-) in<br>seats
!Style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}};color:white" | Vote<br>swing
|-
! colspan="10" |[[Lok Sabha]]
|-
|[[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
|[[13th Lok Sabha|13th]]
|96
|{{Composition bar|1|543|{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|33,32,702
|0.91%
|{{Increase}} 1
|{{steady}} new
|-
|[[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
|[[14th Lok Sabha|14th]]
|43
|{{Composition bar|3|543|{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|57,32,296
|1.47%
|{{Increase}} 2
|{{increase}} 0.56
|-
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|[[15th Lok Sabha|15th]]
|
|{{Composition bar|3|543|{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|
|
|{{Steady}}
|
|-
|[[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
|[[16th Lok Sabha|16th]]
|
|{{Composition bar|2|543|{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|
|
|{{decrease}} 1
|
|-
|[[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
|[[17th Lok Sabha|17th]]
|
|{{Composition bar|1|543|{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|
|
|{{decrease}} 1
|
|-
|[[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
|[[18th Lok Sabha|18th]]
|
|{{Composition bar|2|543|{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}}}
|
|
|{{increase}} 1
|
|-
|}
{{Vertical bar chart|1999|1|2004|3|2009|3|2014|2|2019|1|2024|2|full_name=All time–JD(S) Lok Sabha seat count|type=demographic|color=green}}
 
==Legislative leaders==
===List of union cabinet ministers===
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|No.
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Portrait
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Name<br/>{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Portfolio
!colspan=3 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Term in office
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Elected constituency<br/>{{small|(House)}}
!rowspan=2 colspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|[[Prime Minister of India|{{white|Prime Minister}}]]
|-
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Assumed office
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Left office
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Time in office
|-
!rowspan=2|1
|rowspan=2|[[File:JDS chief Kumaraswamy.jpg|100px]]
|rowspan=2|'''[[H. D. Kumaraswamy]]'''<br/><small>({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1959)</small>
|[[Ministry of Heavy Industries]]
|rowspan=2|9 June 2024
|rowspan=2|''Incumbent''
|rowspan=2|{{age in years and days|2024|06|09}}
|rowspan=2|[[Mandya Lok Sabha constituency|Mandya]]<br/><small>([[Lok Sabha]])</small>
|rowspan=2|[[Narendra Modi]]
|rowspan=2 {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|[[Ministry of Steel]]
|}
 
=== List of chief ministers ===
==== Chief Ministers of Karnataka ====
{{further|List of chief ministers of Karnataka}}
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|No.
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Portrait
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Name<br/>{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
!colspan=3 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Term in office
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|[[Karnataka Legislative Assembly|{{white|Assembly}}]]<br/>{{small|([[Elections in Karnataka|{{white|Election}}]])}}
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Elected constituency
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Ministry
|-
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Assumed office
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Left office
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Time in office
|-
|-
! Year || Lok Sabha election || Seats contested || Seats won || Votes secured || Percentage of votes
!rowspan=2|1
|rowspan=2|[[File:JDS chief Kumaraswamy.jpg|100px]]
|rowspan=2|'''[[H. D. Kumaraswamy]]'''<br/><small>({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1959)</small>
|3 February 2006
|8 October 2007
|rowspan=2|2 years, 308 days
|12th<br/>{{small|([[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2004]])}}
|[[Ramanagara Assembly constituency|Ramanagara]]
|[[First Kumaraswamy ministry|Kumaraswamy I]]
|-
|-
| [[2004 Indian general election|2004]] || [[14th Lok Sabha]] || 28 || 2 || 51,35,205 || 20.45%<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=25 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718190634/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|23 May 2018
|23 July 2019
|[[15th Karnataka Assembly|15th]]<br/>{{small|([[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]])}}
|[[Channapatna Assembly constituency|Channapatna]]
|[[Second Kumaraswamy ministry|Kumaraswamy II]]
|}
 
=== List of deputy chief ministers ===
==== Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka ====
{{further|List of deputy chief ministers of Karnataka}}
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|No.
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Portrait
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Name<br/>{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
!colspan=3 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Term in office
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|[[Karnataka Legislative Assembly|{{white|Assembly}}]]<br/>{{small|([[Elections in Karnataka|{{white|Election}}]])}}
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Elected constituency
!rowspan=2 colspan=2 style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|[[Chief Minister of Karnataka|{{white|Chief Minister}}]]
|-
|-
| [[2009 Indian general election|2009]] || [[15th Lok Sabha]] || 21 || 3 || 33,35,530 || 13.58%
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Assumed office
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Left office
!style="background-color:#02865A;color:white"|Time in office
|-
|-
| [[2014 Indian general election|2014]] || [[16th Lok Sabha]] || 25 || 2 || 34,06,465 || 11.00%<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/PartyWiseResultS10.htm?st=S10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521023317/http://eciresults.nic.in/PartyWiseResultS10.htm?st=S10|archive-date=2014-05-21|title=Partywise Trends & Result|date=21 May 2014}}</ref>
!1
|[[File:Siddaramaiah at the function Akshaya Patra Foundation in Karnataka.jpg|100px]]
|'''[[Siddaramaiah]]'''<br/><small>({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1947)</small>
|28 May 2004
|5 August 2005
|1 year, 69 days
|rowspan=2|12th<br/>{{small|([[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2004]])}}
|[[Chamundeshwari Assembly constituency|Chamundeshwari]]
|rowspan=2|[[Dharam Singh]]
|rowspan=2 {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|-
| [[2019 Indian general election|2019]] || [[17th Lok Sabha]] || 8 || 1 || 33,97,229 || 9.67%
!2
|[[File:Blank.svg|100px]]<!-- Do not use placeholder images here per WP:IPH -->
|'''[[M. P. Prakash]]'''<br/><small>(1940–2011)</small>
|8 August 2005
|28 January 2006
|173 days
|[[Hoovina Hadagali Assembly constituency|Hoovina Hadagali]]
|}
|}


==See also==
== See also ==
* [[List of political parties in India]]
* [[List of political parties in India]]
* [[Samata Party]]
* [[Samata Party]]


==References==
== Notes ==
{{notelist}}
 
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


 
{{Commons category|Janata Dal (Secular)}}
*


{{Indian political parties}}
{{Indian political parties}}
{{Janata Parivar parties}}
{{Janata Parivar parties}}
{{Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}
{{National Democratic Alliance}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Line 240: Line 365:
[[Category:1999 establishments in India]]
[[Category:1999 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Janata Parivar]]
[[Category:Janata Parivar]]
[[Category:Janata Dal]]
[[Category:Janata Dal]][[Category:Member parties of the National Democratic Alliance]]

Latest revision as of 11:48, 16 March 2026


Janata Dal (Secular)
AbbreviationJD(S)
PresidentH. D. Deve Gowda
ChairpersonH. D. Kumaraswamy
Parliamentary ChairpersonH. D. Deve Gowda
Lok Sabha leaderH. D. Kumaraswamy
Rajya Sabha leaderH. D. Deve Gowda
FounderH. D. Deve Gowda
FoundedJuly 1999 (27 years ago) (July 1999)
Preceded byJanata Dal
HeadquartersJP Bhavan, 19/1, Platform Road, Seshadripuram, Bengaluru, Karnataka-560020
Student wingStudent Janata Dal (Secular)
Youth wingYuva Janata Dal (Secular)
Women's wingMahila Janata Dal (Secular)
Labour wingKarmikara Janata Dal (Secular)
IdeologySocial democracy[5][6]
Factions:
Canarese nationalism[6]
Political positionCentre-left[6]
ColoursGreen Template:Coloursample
ECI StatusState Party[7]
Alliance
Former Alliances
Seats in Lok Sabha
2 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha
1 / 245
Seats in Karnataka Legislative Assembly
18 / 224
Seats in Karnataka Legislative Council
8 / 75
Number of states and union territories in government
1 / 31
Election symbol
Janata Dal Election Symbol
Party flag
Website
jds.ind.in

The Janata Dal (Secular) (transl. People's Party (Secular); abbr. JD(S)) is an Indian political party recognised as a state party in the Indian states of Karnataka, Kerala and Arunachal Pradesh. It was founded by the former prime minister of India H. D. Deve Gowda in July 1999 as a breakaway faction from the Janata Dal.[8][9]

History[edit | edit source]

The Janata Dal (Secular), formed in 1999, had its origins in the Janata Party, founded in 1977 as a coalition of several smaller parties that combined forces to oppose the Indian National Congress.[10] In 1988 the Janata Party and other smaller parties merged to form the Janata Dal.[11][12][13] In 1996, Janata Dal reached its pinnacle when H. D. Deve Gowda became Prime Minister of India, heading the United Front (UF) coalition government.[14][15]

The Janata Dal split in 1999, when a faction led by Chief Minister J. H. Patel lent support to the Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance leading to the formation of Janata Dal (Secular) under H. D. Deve Gowda and Siddaramaiah. The Sharad Yadav faction of the Janata Dal, the Lok Shakti and the Samata Party merged as the Janata Dal (United).[16][17] Even though the premise for the split was its opposition to allying with the National Democratic Alliance, H. D. Deve Gowda stayed equally away from the Indian National Congress from the outset.[18]

The 2004 Karnataka Assembly election witnessed the revival of the party's fortunes with JD(S) becoming part of the ruling coalition in the state.

Kumaraswamy was made as Chief Minister of Karnataka from 4 February 2006 to 9 October 2007. On 27 September 2007, Kumaraswamy said that he would leave office on 3 October as part of a power-sharing agreement between the Janata Dal (Secular) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), despite the calls of some legislators in the JD(S) for him to remain in office for the time being, due to complications in arranging the transfer of power.[19] However, on 4 October 2007, he refused to transfer power to the BJP.[20] Finally, on 8 October 2007, he tendered his resignation to Governor Rameshwar Thakur, and the state was put under President's rule two days later.[21] However, he reconciled later and decided to offer support to the BJP. BJP's B. S. Yeddyurappa was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Karnataka on 12 November 2007. But, again refused to support BJP government over a disagreement on sharing of ministries which resulted in Yeddyurappa resignation as Chief Minister on 19 November 2007.[22]

After the untimely demise of Karnataka state JD(S) President Merajuddin Patel, he was elected unopposed as President of the state unit.[23]

In 2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election, party gained Official Opposition (India) status, rather than ruling party BJP.[24] Kumaraswamy is also known for accusing political rivals of corruption.[25][26][27]

Kumaraswamy met Prime Minister Narendra Modi after becoming Chief Minister in May 2018

In 2018 elections in Karnataka state, JD(S) was the third-largest party but after a post-poll alliance with the Rahul Gandhi led Indian National Congress, kumaraswamy was sworn in as the Chief Minister for 2nd term on 23 May 2018.[28]

In the 2019 parliament elections, Kumaraswamy son Nikhil Gowda contested in the Mandya (Lok Sabha constituency) against an independent candidate Sumalatha, wife of film actor Late Ambareesh.[29] Kumaraswamy took this contest as a prestige[30] and campaigned all across the constituency. In vain his son lost the election by a margin of 1,30,000 odd votes.[31] Party's national president Devegowda also defeated in his new constiency Tumkuru. Then, PWD Minister H. D. Revanna's son Prajwell was only to manage to win in his family bastion.[32]

On the month of July 2019, JDS government lost its majority when 13 MLAs of Congress and 3 MLAs of his own party resigned to their MLA Posts. BSP MLA Mahesh N & 2 Independent MLAs withdrew their support for H.D.Kumaraswamy led coalition Government in Karnataka. On 23 July Kumaraswamy lost his majority in Karnataka floor test. Kumaraswamy resigned to the Chief Minister post, by submitting his resignation letter to governor Vajubhai Vala on 23 July 2019. Then BJP was invited to form the government as the single largest party, by the governor and B. S.Yediyurappa took oath as the Chief Minister of Karnataka by succeeding him.

In the 2023 Karnataka Assembly Elections, it was managed to win 19 seats of the contested 204 seats in the same elections.[33][34] It has a political presence mainly in Karnataka and is in decline. In September 2023, JD(S) joined the BJP controlled National Democratic Alliance. In Kerala, the party had a small state unit which is part of the state government coalition, the Left Democratic Front. The state unit has refused to be part of the right wing NDA and are in rebellion against their national leadership for having joined hands with the BJP.[35][36]

Prominent members[edit | edit source]

  • H. D. Deve Gowda, President of Janata Dal (Secular), Former Prime Minister of India and Former Chief minister of Karnataka
  • H. D. Kumaraswamy, Union Minister of Heavy Industries of Government of India, Former Chief Minister of Karnataka and Karnataka State President of Janata Dal (Secular)
  • H. D. Revanna, former cabinet minister, present MLA, Karnataka (son of H. D. Deve Gowda).
  • Nikhil Gowda, state president, Yuva Janata Dal (Secular)
  • B. M. Farooq, current MLC of Karnataka Legislative Council, current national general secretary of Janata Dal (Secular)
  • C. S. Puttaraju, former minister for small irrigation resources, and former member of parliament, Lok Sabha from Mandya
  • G. T. Devegowda, former minister for higher education, and member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Chamundeshwari (Vidhana Sabha constituency
  • Sharanagouda Kandakur is an Indian politician from Karnataka. He is an MLA from Gurmitkal Assembly constituency in Yadgir district representing Janata Dal (Secular).
  • Oommen Thalavady, former MLA Kuttanad, Kerala Legislative Assembly
  • Sarekoppa Bangarappa, former chief minister of Karnataka[37]
  • N. M. Joseph, vice president of Janata Dal (Secular)
  • D. Kupendra Reddy, Former MP of Rajya Sabha[38][39]
  • Mathew T. Thomas, Kerala State president of Janata Dal (Secular) and former Kerala State minister
  • Jose Thettayil, vice president of Janata Dal (Secular), former minister Govt. of Kerala.
  • Neelalohithadasan Nadar, former Kerala State president of Janata Dal (Secular) (former minister Govt. of Kerala; former member of Parliament, Govt. of India)
  • K. Krishnankutty, current Kerala State minister for electricity department

Electoral performance[edit | edit source]

Assembly election history in Karnataka[edit | edit source]

Year Seats contested Seats won +/- Voteshare (%) +/- (pp) Outcome
1999 203
10 / 224
 Increase 10 10.42 Increase 10.42 Opposition
2004 220
58 / 224
 Increase 48 20.77 Increase 10.35 Government
2008 219
28 / 224
 Decrease 30 18.96 Decrease 1.81 Opposition
2013 222
40 / 224
 Increase 12 20.09 Increase 1.13
2018 199
37 / 224
 Decrease 3 18.3 Decrease 1.79 Government, later Opposition
2023 209
19 / 224
 Decrease 18 13.29 Decrease 5.01 Opposition

Template:Vertical bar chart

Assembly election history in Kerala[edit | edit source]

Year Assembly election Seats contested Seats won Votes secured Percentage of votes
2001 11th Assembly 12 3 546,917 3.48%
2006 12th Assembly 7 5 353,111 2.27%
2011 13th Assembly 5 4 264,631 1.52%
2016 14th Assembly 5 3 293,274 1.5%
2021 15th Assembly 4 2 265,789 1.28%

Lok Sabha election history[edit | edit source]

Election
Year 		Lok
Sabha 		Seats
contested 		Seats won Overall
votes 		(%) of votes (+/-) in
seats 		Vote
swing
Lok Sabha
1999 13th 96
1 / 543
 33,32,702 0.91% Increase 1 Steady new
2004 14th 43
3 / 543
 57,32,296 1.47% Increase 2 Increase 0.56
2009 15th
3 / 543
 Steady
2014 16th
2 / 543
 Decrease 1
2019 17th
1 / 543
 Decrease 1
2024 18th
2 / 543
 Increase 1

Template:Vertical bar chart

Legislative leaders[edit | edit source]

List of union cabinet ministers[edit | edit source]

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portfolio Term in office Elected constituency
(House) 		Prime Minister
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 H. D. Kumaraswamy
(b. 1959) 		Ministry of Heavy Industries 9 June 2024 Incumbent 2 years, 58 days Mandya
(Lok Sabha) 		Narendra Modi
Ministry of Steel

List of chief ministers[edit | edit source]

Chief Ministers of Karnataka[edit | edit source]

Further information: List of chief ministers of Karnataka
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term in office Assembly
(Election) 		Elected constituency Ministry
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 H. D. Kumaraswamy
(b. 1959) 		3 February 2006 8 October 2007 2 years, 308 days 12th
(2004) 		Ramanagara Kumaraswamy I
23 May 2018 23 July 2019 15th
(2018) 		Channapatna Kumaraswamy II

List of deputy chief ministers[edit | edit source]

Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka[edit | edit source]

Further information: List of deputy chief ministers of Karnataka
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term in office Assembly
(Election) 		Elected constituency Chief Minister
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 Siddaramaiah
(b. 1947) 		28 May 2004 5 August 2005 1 year, 69 days 12th
(2004) 		Chamundeshwari Dharam Singh
2 M. P. Prakash
(1940–2011) 		8 August 2005 28 January 2006 173 days Hoovina Hadagali

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 2024–2026 (rebel group)

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Kohli, Deepti (2024). "Political determinants of centre-state transfers: An empirical analysis across Indian states". Journal of Government and Economics. 16 100130. doi:10.1016/j.jge.2024.100130.
  2. ↑ Manjhi, Ganesh; Mehra, Meeta Keswani (June 2018). "Political Transfer Cycles from the Centre to the states". Ensayos sobre Política Económica. 36 (86): 207–241. doi:10.32468/espe.8604.
  3. ↑ "REGIONAL/STATE PARTIES IN INDIA AN ANNOTATED ALMANAC". www.kas.de.
  4. ↑ "Global Solidarity: The courage to 'make a difference XXIII CONGRESS OF THE SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL ATHENS, GREECE, 30 JUNE - 2 JULY 2008" (PDF). www.internacionalsocialista.org.
  5. ↑ [1][2][3][4]
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "JANATA DAL (SECULAR)".
  7. ↑ "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013" (PDF). India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  8. ↑ "EC to hear Janata Dal symbol dispute". Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  9. ↑ "The Nation:Janata Dal:Divided Gains (India Today article)". Archived from the original on 9 January 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  10. ↑ "Janata Dal (Secular) | Indian Political Party, History & Ideology | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 15 September 2025.
  11. ↑ "article on Chandrashekar". Archived from the original on 12 February 2007. Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  12. ↑ "Bouquet of ideologies - article in the Hindu". Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  13. ↑ "Janata Dal". Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  14. ↑ "Profile of Deve Gowda on PMO website". Archived from the original on 10 October 2007. Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  15. ↑ "History – Janata Dal (Secular)". jds.ind.in. Archived from the original on 19 September 2021.
  16. ↑ "Janata.in". www.janata.in.
  17. ↑ "Janata Parivar's home base". www.frontlineonnet.com. 23 April 2004. Archived from the original on 3 January 2008.
  18. ↑ ""Gowda rules out tieup with Congress " - Tribune India article". Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  19. ↑ "Kumaraswamy says he will quit on Oct. 3" Archived 21 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine, PTI (The Hindu), 27 September 2007.
  20. ↑ M, Anil Kumar (17 October 2011). "October effect haunts BS Yeddyurappa". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 19 October 2011.
  21. ↑ "Karnataka under President Rule". Financial Express. 9 October 2007. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014.
  22. ↑ "Yeddyurappa quits rather than face trust vote". The Hindu. 20 November 2007 – via www.thehindu.com.
  23. ↑ "Kumaraswamy elected JDS Legislature party leader". The Deccan Herald. 20 May 2013. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014.
  24. ↑ "H D Deve Gowda announces son as party president of Karnataka unit – The Economic Times". Archived from the original on 22 November 2015.
  25. ↑ "Who is HD Kumaraswamy?". The Times of India. Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 16 May 2018. Archived from the original on 27 May 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
  26. ↑ "JDS Releases CD of BJP MLA Trying to 'Buy' Its MLA". Outlook India. 21 October 2010. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  27. ↑ "Karnataka: JD-S releases CD of BJP bribery attempt". Rediff.com. 21 October 2010. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  28. ↑ "Amid Opposition show of strength, H D Kumaraswamy, G Parameshwara take oath as Karnataka Chief minis". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 24 May 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
  29. ↑ "Nikhil contests from mandya". www.livemint.com. 4 March 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  30. ↑ "Karnataka CM considers Mandya a prestige". www.outlookindia.com. 10 April 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  31. ↑ "JDS loses Mandy Lok sabha". www.newindianexpress.com. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  32. ↑ "Kumaraswamy breaks down in Mandya". www.thenewsminute.com. 27 November 2019. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  33. ↑ "Karnataka polls 2023: Kumaraswamy wins but son Nikhil loses". The Times of India. 13 May 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  34. ↑ "See defeat and victory with equanimity: H D Kumaraswamy after JD(S) tallies only 19 seats in Karnataka polls". The Economic Times. 13 May 2023. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  35. ↑ "BJP overall, Left in Kerala: JD(S) likely to lose state unit as banner of revolt is raised". The Indian Express. 24 September 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  36. ↑ "Over 60 JD(S) office bearers to resign today over alliance with BJP; 30,000 estimated to leave in coming days". Hindustan Times.
  37. ↑ D A I J I W O R L D. D A I J I W O R L D (2011-08-10). Retrieved on 2014-05-21.
  38. ↑ "Kupendra Reddy files papers as JD(S) candidate for RS polls". The Hindu. 8 June 2014. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
  39. ↑ "D. Kupendra Reddy". PRSIndia. 25 October 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2019.


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