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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Bijnor}}
{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Bijnor}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = Bijnor district
| name                     = Bijnor district
| settlement_type       = [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|District of Uttar Pradesh]]
| settlement_type         = [[List of districts of Uttar Pradesh|District]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| total_type             = Total
| total_type               = Total
| native_name            =  
| native_name             =
| image_map             = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Bijnor.svg
| image_skyline            = SAHANPUR FORT.jpg
| map_caption           = Location of Bijnor district in Uttar Pradesh
| image_caption           = Sahanpur Fort
| coordinates           =  
| image_map               = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Bijnor.svg
| coor_pinpoint         = Bijnor
| map_caption             = Location of Bijnor district in Uttar Pradesh
| subdivision_type       = Country
| coordinates             =  
| subdivision_name       = {{flag|India}}
| coor_pinpoint           = Bijnor
| subdivision_type1     = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name1     = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_name         = India
| subdivision_type2     = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name2     = [[Moradabad division|Moradabad]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| established_title     = Established
| subdivision_type2       = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| established_date       =  
| subdivision_name2       = [[Moradabad division|Moradabad]]
| seat_type             = Headquarters
| established_title       = Established
| seat                   = [[Bijnor]]
| established_date         =  
| parts_type             = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| seat_type               = Headquarters
| parts_style           = para
| seat                     = [[Bijnor]]
| p1                     =  
| parts_type               = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| area_total_km2         = 4049
| parts_style             = para
| area_footnotes         =  
| p1                       =  
| population_as_of       = 2011
| area_total_km2           = 4049
| population_total       = 3,682,713
| area_footnotes           =  
| population_footnotes   = <ref name="census2011"/>
| population_as_of         = 2011
| population_urban       =  
| population_total         = 3,682,713
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_footnotes     = <ref name="census2011"/>
| demographics_type1     = Demographics
| population_urban         =  
| demographics1_title1   = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| population_density_km2   = auto
| demographics1_info1   = 68.48%
| demographics_type1       = Demographics
| demographics1_title2   = Sex ratio
| demographics1_title1     = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info2   = 917
| demographics1_info1     = 70.43%
| leader_title           =  
| demographics1_title2     = Sex ratio
| leader_name           =  
| demographics1_info2     = 917
| leader_title1         =  
| leader_title             =  
| leader_name1           =  
| leader_name             =  
| leader_title2         =  
| leader_title1           =  
| leader_name2           =  
| leader_name1             =  
| timezone1             = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| leader_title2           =  
| utc_offset1           = +05:30
| leader_name2             =  
| registration_plate     =  
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| blank_name_sec1       =  
| utc_offset1             = +05:30
| blank_info_sec1       =  
| registration_plate       =  
| blank_name_sec2       =  
| blank_name_sec1         =  
| blank_info_sec2       =  
| blank_info_sec1         =  
| website               = http://bijnor.nic.in/
| blank_name_sec2         =  
| blank_info_sec2         =  
| website                 = http://bijnor.nic.in/
}}
}}
'''Bijnor district''' is one of the 75 [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|districts]] in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]] in [[India]]. [[Bijnor|Bijnor city]] is the district headquarters. The government of Uttar Pradesh seeks it to be included in [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region (NCR)]] due to its close proximity to [[Delhi|NCT]] of [[Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/up-seeks-to-include-6-districts-in-ncr/|title=UP seeks to include 6 districts in NCR|date=11 January 2015|website=indianexpress.com|access-date=18 March 2018}}</ref>


Bijnor is notable for its sugarcane production and mills, with two of the top five sugar mills situated in the district.<ref name="Sugar"/>
'''Bijnor district''' ({{IPA|hi|bɪd͡ʒ.n̪ɔːɾ}}) is one of the 75 [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|districts]] in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]] in [[India]]. [[Bijnor|Bijnor city]] is the district headquarters. The government of [[Nagar Palika Parishad Bijnor]] Uttar Pradesh seeks its inclusion in [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region (NCR)]] due to its close proximity to [[Delhi|NCT]] of [[Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/up-seeks-to-include-6-districts-in-ncr/|title=UP seeks to include 6 districts in NCR|date=11 January 2015|website=indianexpress.com|access-date=18 March 2018}}</ref>
 
Bijnor is notable for its sugarcane production and sugar mills, with two of the top five sugar mills of India situated in the district.<ref name="Sugar"/>


==History==
==History==
Line 62: Line 65:


===Colonial era===
===Colonial era===
In 1772 the [[Nawab of Oudh]] made a treaty with the [[Rohilla]]s, to expel the [[Maratha]]s in return for a money payment. [[Nawab of Oudh]] carried out his part of the bargain, but the Rohilla chieftains refused to pay. In 1774 the Nawab concluded with the [[Honourable East India Company|East India Company]] government of [[Calcutta]] a treaty of alliance, and he then called upon the British, in accordance with its terms, to supply a brigade to assist him in enforcing his claims against the Rohillas. This was done; in the [[Rohilla War]], the Rohillas were driven beyond the Ganges to the east, and Bijnor was incorporated in the territories of the nawab, who in the same year (1774) ceded it to the [[British East India Company]]. During the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|rebellion of 1857]] Bijnor was occupied by the nawab of [[Najibabad]], a grandson of [[Zabita Khan]], on 1 June. In spite of fighting between the [[Hindus]] and the Muslim Pashtuns, the [[Nawab]] succeeded in maintaining his position until 21 April 1858, when he was defeated by the British at [[Nagina]].<ref name=EB1911/>
In 1772 the [[Nawab of Oudh]] made a treaty with the [[Rohilla]]s, to expel the [[Maratha]]s in return for a money payment. [[Nawab of Oudh]] carried out his part of the bargain, but the Rohilla chieftains refused to pay. In 1774 the Nawab concluded with the [[Honourable East India Company|East India Company]] government of [[Calcutta]] a [[treaty of alliance]], and he then called upon the British, in accordance with its terms, to supply a brigade to assist him in enforcing his claims against the Rohillas. This was done; in the [[Rohilla War]], the Rohillas were driven beyond the Ganges to the east, and Bijnor was incorporated in the territories of the nawab, who in the same year (1774) ceded it to the [[British East India Company]]. During the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|rebellion of 1857]], Bijnor was occupied by the Nawab of [[Najibabad]], a grandson of [[Zabita Khan]], on 1 June. The [[Sadaat-e-Bara|Barha Sayyids]] of Bijnor, who were hereditary enemies of the Rohillas, threw their hat in their lot with the Rohillas Pashtuns and fought on their side almost to the last man during the rebellion.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nr0rAQAAIAAJ&dq=barha+bijnor&pg=PA189 |page=189 |title=District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh: Volume 14 |year=1908 |publisher= United Provinces of Agra and Oudh (India) }}</ref> In spite of fighting between the [[Hindus]] and the Muslim Pashtuns, the [[Nawab]] succeeded in maintaining his position until 21 April 1858, when he was defeated by the British at [[Nagina]].<ref name=EB1911/>


==Geography ==
==Geography ==
Bijnor, or more correctly Bijnaur, occupies the north-west corner of the [[Moradabad Division]] (historically, [[Rohilkhand]] or Bareilly region).
Bijnor, or more correctly Bijnaur, occupies the north-west corner of the [[Moradabad Division]] (historically, [[Rohilkhand]] or Bareilly region).
The western boundary is formed throughout by the deep stream of the river Ganges, beyond which lie the four districts of [[Dehradun]], Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, and Meerut. To the north and north-east in the hill country of [[Garhwal division|Garhwal]], the dividing line being the submontane road, which runs from Haridwar along the foot of the Himalayas to [[Ramnagar, Nainital|Ramnagar]], [[Haldwani]], and Tanakpur. This road, popularly known as the Kandi Saradk, belongs throughout its length to Garhwal, the transfer having taken place a few years since. On the east the Phika river for the greater part of its course constitutes the boundary, separating this district from Nainital and Moradabad, as far as its junction with the Ramganga; and to the south lie the Thakurdwara Tehsil of Moradabad. Amroha and Hasanpur tahsils of Amroha District. The boundary being conventional and undetermined by natural features. The extreme parallels of north latitude are 29° 2' and 29° 58' and of east longitude 78° 0' and 78° 57' from Lalitpur, the most northerly point, to koti Rao in the furthest eastern corner the distance in 56 miles (90&nbsp;km); and from Koti Rao to Kamharia in the south-westerly angle 57 miles (92&nbsp;km); and from Kamharia to Lalitpur 62 miles (100&nbsp;km). The total area of the district is liable to change slightly from time to time by reason of the erratic action of the Ganges and Ramganga: In 1906 it amounted to 1,145,272 acres (1789.5 square miles, 4634.75&nbsp;km²)  the average for the last five years being 1,147,967 acres (4,645.66&nbsp;km²).
The western boundary is formed throughout by the deep stream of the river Ganges, beyond which lie the four districts of [[Haridwar]], Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, and Meerut. To the north and north-east in the hill country of [[Garhwal division|Garhwal]], the dividing line being the submontane road, which runs from Haridwar along the foot of the Himalayas to [[Ramnagar, Nainital]], [[Haldwani]], and [[Tanakpur]]. This road, popularly known as the Kandi Sadak, belongs throughout its length to Garhwal, the transfer having taken place a few years since. On the east the Phika river for the greater part of its course constitutes the boundary, separating this district from Nainital and Moradabad, as far as its junction with the Ramganga; and to the south lie the Thakurdwara Tehsil of Moradabad. Amroha and Hasanpur tahsils of Amroha District. The boundary being conventional and undetermined by natural features. The extreme parallels of north latitude are 29° 2' and 29° 58' and of east longitude 78° 0' and 78° 57' from Lalitpur, the most northerly point, to koti Rao in the furthest eastern corner the distance in {{convert|56|mi|km}}; and from Koti Rao to Kamharia in the south-westerly angle {{convert|57|mi|km}}; and from Kamharia to Lalitpur {{convert|62|mi|km}}. The total area of the district is liable to change slightly from time to time by reason of the erratic action of the Ganges and Ramganga: In 1906 it amounted to {{convert|1,145,272|acre|mi2 km2}}, the average for the last five years being {{convert|1,147,967|acre|mi2 km2|abbr=on}}.


There remains the low fringe of Khadir along the Ganges to the west. This generally resembles the lowlands that skirt the rivers of the interior, the low flats which adjoin the stream itself being purely alluvial in character, while above them rises a terrace of higher ground extending inland as far as the chain of stagnant [[Marsh|morasses]] lying immediately under the [[Khadir and Bangar|bangar]] cliff.
There remains the low fringe of Khadir along the Ganges to the west. This generally resembles the lowlands that skirt the rivers of the interior, the low flats which adjoin the stream itself being purely alluvial in character, while above them rises a terrace of higher ground extending inland as far as the chain of stagnant [[Marsh|morasses]] lying immediately under the [[Khadir and Bangar|bangar]] cliff.


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,76,308|13=1911|14=8,02,166|15=1921|16=7,36,765|17=1931|18=8,31,403|19=1941|20=9,05,793|21=1951|22=9,79,406|23=1961|24=11,84,306|25=1971|26=14,80,734|27=1981|28=19,27,023|29=1991|30=24,54,521|31=2001|32=31,31,619|33=2011|34=36,82,713|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,76,308|13=1911|14=8,02,166|15=1921|16=7,36,765|17=1931|18=8,31,403|19=1941|20=9,05,793|21=1951|22=9,79,406|23=1961|24=11,84,306|25=1971|26=14,80,734|27=1981|28=19,27,023|29=1991|30=24,54,521|31=2001|32=31,31,619|33=2011|34=36,82,713|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=center}}


According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Bijnor district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 3,682,713,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.citypopulation.de/php/india-uttarpradesh.php?adm2id=0903 | title = District in Uttar Pradesh |access-date = 19 June 2019 | year = 2019 | publisher = www.citypopulation.de}}</ref><ref name="census2011">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Bijnor district |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=127477 |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Liberia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population |url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est.
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Bijnor district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 3,682,713,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web |url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/india-uttarpradesh.php?adm2id=0903 |title=District in Uttar Pradesh |access-date=19 June 2019 |year=2019 | publisher=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref><ref name="census2011">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Bijnor district |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=127477 |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Liberia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web |author=US Directorate of Intelligence |title=Country Comparison:Population |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 June 2007 |access-date=1 October 2011 |quote=Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est.}}</ref> or the US state of [[Oklahoma]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=30 September 2011 |quote=Oklahoma 3,751,351 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101090833/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  |archive-date=1 January 2011 }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 74th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|808|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.64%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Bijnor has a [[sex ratio]] of 913 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 70.43%. 25.13% of the population lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 21.38% and 0.08% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Oklahoma]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=30 September 2011 |quote=Oklahoma 3,751,351 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101090833/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  |archive-date=1 January 2011 }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 74th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|808|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.64%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Bijnor has a [[sex ratio]] of 913 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 70.43%.<ref name=districtcensus/>


===Religion===
===Religion===
{{bar box
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Bijnor district<ref name="census2011"/>
|title=Religions in Bijnor district (2011)<ref name="Religion"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|left1=Religion
Line 84: Line 86:
|float=right
|float=right
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|55.18}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|55.18}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|43.04}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Uttar Pradesh|Islam]]|green|43.04}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhs]]|yellow|1.37}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|darkkhaki|1.37}}
{{bar percent|Others†|black|0.41}}
{{bar percent|Others†|black|0.41}}
|caption=Distribution of religions<br />
|caption=Distribution of religions<br />
†<small>Includes [[Jainism|Jains]] (0.17%), [[Christianity|Christians]] (0.17%), [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] (<0.05%).</small>
†<small>Includes [[Jainism|Jains]] (0.17%), [[Christianity|Christians]] (0.17%), [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] (<0.05%).</small>
}}
|width=}}
 
Majority of the people of the district follow [[Hinduism]] followed closely by adherents of [[Islam]]. [[Sikhism]] is followed by a little more than one per cent of the population. [[Jainism]], [[Christianity]] and  [[Buddhism]] have small number of adherents.<ref name="Religion">{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11394/download/14507/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>


Majority of the people of the district follow [[Hinduism]] followed closely by adherents of [[Islam]]. [[Sikhism]] is followed by a little more than one percent of the population. [[Jainism]], [[Christianity]] and  [[Buddhism]] have small number of adherents.<ref name=census2011/>
{| class = "wikitable sortable"
!Tehsil
![[Hindus]]
![[Islam in Uttar Pradesh|Muslims]]
!Others
|-
|[[Najibabad]]
|48.44%
| style="background:green;color:white" |50.37%
|1.19%
|-
|[[Bijnor]]
| style="background:darkorange" |63.46%
|35.66%
|0.88%
|-
|[[Nagina]]
| style="background:darkorange" |50.73%
|46.10%
|3.17%
|-
|[[Dhampur]]
| style="background:darkorange" |54.99%
|42.93%
|2.08%
|-
|[[Chandpur, Bijnor|Chandpur]]
|style="background:darkorange" |58.15%
|40.14%
|1.71%
|}


===Languages===
===Languages===
[[Hindi]] and [[Urdu]] are the official languages.<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=29 April 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 76.33% of the population of the district spoke [[Hindi]], 22.53% [[Urdu]] and 0.96% [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] as their first language.<ref>{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Uttar Pradesh |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref>


==Administration==
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Bijnor district (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Hindi]] |value1 = 76.33 |color1 = orange
|label2 = [[Urdu]] |value2 = 22.53 |color2 = green
|label3 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] |value3 = 0.96 |color3 = pink
|label4 = Others |value4 = 0.18 |color4 = grey
|thumb=left
}}
 
[[Hindi]] and [[Urdu]] are the official languages.<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=29 April 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 76.33% of the population of the district spoke [[Hindi]], 22.53% [[Urdu]] and 0.96% [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10224/download/13336/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
 
==Government and administration==
===Politics===
===Politics===
The MP of Bijnor is [[Malook Nagar]]. He represents [[Bahujan Samaj Party]].
The [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] from [[Bijnor Lok Sabha constituency]] is [[Chandan Chauhan]], since 4 June 2024. He represents [[Rashtriya Lok Dal]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Saxena |first1=Vinay |date=5 March 2024 |title=Chandan Singh Chauhan: जीत के पुराने जाट-गुर्जर फॉर्मूले के साथ मैदान में युवा पीढ़ी, कौन हैं ब‍िजनौर से RLD प्रत्‍याशी चंदन चौहान - RLD candidate from bijnor lok sabha seat chandan singh chauhan profile |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/bijnor-rld-candidate-from-bijnor-lok-sabha-seat-chandan-singh-chauhan-profile-23667362.html |work=Jagran |language=hi |access-date=8 July 2024}}</ref>


===Assembly constituencies===
===Assembly constituencies===
Najibabad, Chandpur, [[Noorpur (Assembly constituency)|Noorpur]], [[Dhampur (Assembly constituency)|Dhampur]], [[Nagina (Assembly constituency)|Nagina]] (reserved), [[Bijnor (Assembly constituency)|Bijnor]], Barhapur, Nehtaur (Reserved)
[[Najibabad]], [[Chandpur, Bijnor|Chandpur]], [[Noorpur Assembly constituency|Noorpur]], [[Dhampur Assembly constituency|Dhampur]], [[Nagina Assembly constituency|Nagina]] (reserved), [[Bijnor Assembly constituency|Bijnor]], [[Barhapur Assembly constituency|Barhapur]], [[Nehtaur Assembly constituency|Nehtaur]] (Reserved)


==Settlements==
===Settlements===
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a settlement to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a settlement to this list if it already has its own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦--->


===Urban===
====Urban====
* [[Bijnor]] city
* [[Afzalgarh]]
* [[Dhampur]] city
* [[Basi Kiratpur]]
* [[Bijnor]]  
* [[Chandouk|Chandok]]
* [[Chandouk|Chandok]]
* [[Nagina]] city
* [[Chandpur, Bijnor|Chandpur]]
* [[Sherkot]] city
* [[Dhampur]]
* [[Najibabad]] city
* [[Haldaur]]
* [[Jhalu]] town
* [[Jhalu]]
* [[Mandawar, Uttar Pradesh|Mandawar]] town
* [[Mandawar, Uttar Pradesh|Mandawar]]
* [[Chandpur, Bijnor|Chandpur]] city
* [[Nagina]]
* [[Noorpur, Uttar Pradesh|Noorpur]] city
* [[Najibabad]]
* [[Seohara]] city
* [[Haldaur]] city
* [[Sahaspur]] town
* [[Basi Kiratpur]]
* [[Nehtaur]]
* [[Nehtaur]]
* [[Ranipur, Uttar Pradesh]]
* [[Noorpur, Uttar Pradesh|Noorpur]]
* [[Afzalgarh]] city
* [[Sahaspur]]
* [[Seohara]]
* [[Sherkot]]
 
{{Div col end}}
{{Div col end}}


===Rural===
====Rural====
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a settlement to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->  
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a settlement to this list if it already has its own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Askaripur]]
* [[Askaripur]]
* [[Bahupura]]
* [[Bahupura]]
* [[Harewali]]
* [[Harewali]]
* [[Jhalri]]
* [[Linderpur]]
* [[Linderpur]]
* [[Mandawali]]
* [[Madhusudanpur Nand Urf Jhalra]]
* [[Naseeri]]
* [[Pakhanpur]]
* [[Pheona]]
* [[Raja Ka Tajpur|Tajpur]]
* [[Ratangarh, Bijnor|Ratangarh]]
* [[Ratangarh, Bijnor|Ratangarh]]
* [[Raja Ka Tajpur|Tajpur]]
* [[Sisauna]]
* [[Pakhanpur]]
* [[Umri, Bijnor|Umri]]
* [[Sahanpur]]
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a settlement to this list if it already has its own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦--->
* [[Shahzadpur]]
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
* [[Umri, Jalaun|Umri]] village
{{Div col end}}
{{Div col end}}


==Economy==
==Economy==
Bijnor district has a vast sugar industry with total nine sugar mills of which Dhampur mill and Bundki mill are among India's top sugar mills. Approximately 2.09 lakh hectares of land is dedicated to sugarcane farming.<ref name="Sugar">{{cite news |last1=Dabas |first1=Harveer |title=sugarcane: Bijnor has 2 of India’s top 5 sugar mills |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/bijnor-has-2-of-indias-top-5-sugar-mills/articleshow/55928965.cms |access-date=24 November 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=12 December 2016 |language=en}}</ref>
Bijnor district has a vast [[sugar industry]] with total nine sugar mills of which Dhampur mill and Bundki mill are among India's top sugar mills. Approximately 2.09 lakh hectares of land is dedicated to sugarcane farming.<ref name="Sugar">{{cite news |last1=Dabas |first1=Harveer |title=sugarcane: Bijnor has 2 of India's top 5 sugar mills |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/bijnor-has-2-of-indias-top-5-sugar-mills/articleshow/55928965.cms |access-date=24 November 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=12 December 2016 |language=en}}</ref>
 
==Cuisine==
 
Bijnor Urad Chawal is a notable rice-based dish of the region. It is served in special occasions like marriage.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Aasid |first=Aasid |date=9 April 2022 |title=बिजनौर के मशहूरउड़द चावल सिर्फ बिजनौरी ही बता सकते हैं कि उड़द चावल का महत्त्व क्या है |url=https://bijnorexpress.com/bijnor-historic-information/ |access-date=13 July 2023 |work=Bijnor Express |language=hi}}</ref>


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
*[[Najib ad-Dawlah]], Mughal serviceman and founder of [[Najibabad]]
*[[Najib ad-Dawlah]], Mughal serviceman and founder of [[Najibabad]]
*[[Raashid Alvi]], politician
*[[Vishal Bhardwaj]], film director and producer
*[[Vishal Bhardwaj]], film director and producer
*[[Rahul Chaudhari]], professional [[kabaddi]] player, gold medal winner in the [[2016 South Asian Games]] as member of [[India national kabaddi team]]
*[[Nazir Ahmad Dehlvi]], Urdu novel writer, social and religious reformer
*[[Sahu Jain family]], Prominent Industrialist who owns Times Group.
*[[Naim Ul Hasan]], politician
*[[Bakht Khan]], Indian rebel chief associated with [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]
*[[Bakht Khan]], Indian rebel chief associated with [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]
*[[Dushyant Kumar]], Hindi-language poet
*[[Dushyant Kumar]], Hindi-language poet
*[[Om Kumar]], politician
*[[Manoj Kumar Paras]], politician
*[[Jagdish Prasad Mathur]], politician
*[[Jagdish Prasad Mathur]], politician
*[[Prakash Mehra]], film director and producer
*[[Prakash Mehra]], film director and producer
*[[Shadab Nazar]], first-class cricketer
*[[Shadab Nazar]], first-class cricketer
*[[Swami Omvesh]], politician
*[[Hamid Afaq Qureshi]], historian
*[[Hamid Afaq Qureshi]], historian
*[[Azizur Rahman (politician)|Azizur Rahman]], politician
*[[Azizur Rahman (Indian politician)|Azizur Rahman]], politician
*[[Lokendra Singh (politician)|Lokendra Singh]], politician
*[[Meghna Singh]], cricketer and member of the [[India women's national cricket team]]
*[[Munshiram Singh]], politician
*[[Munshiram Singh]], politician
*[[Virendra Singh (physicist)|Virendra Singh]], Indian physicist
*[[Virendra Singh (physicist)|Virendra Singh]], Indian physicist
*[[Yashvir Singh]], politician and member of [[15th Lok Sabha]]
*[[Suchi (politician)|Suchi]], politician
*[[Suchi (politician)|Suchi]], politician
*[[Ruchi Veera]], politician
*[[Ruchi Veera]], politician
*[[Rahul Chaudhari]], professional [[kabaddi]] player, gold medal winner in the [[2016 South Asian Games]] as member of [[India national kabaddi team]]
*[[Syed Sajjad Haider Yaldram]], Urdu short story writer, travel writer, translator, linguist, essayist, and humorist
*[[Bharatendra Singh]], politician, member of [[16th Lok Sabha]] (2014-2019) as a [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Bijnor district| ]]
[[Category:Bijnor district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:Minority concentrated districts in India]]

Revision as of 10:55, 23 January 2026

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Bijnor.
Bijnor district
District of Uttar Pradesh
Sahanpur Fort
Sahanpur Fort
Location of Bijnor district in Uttar Pradesh
Location of Bijnor district in Uttar Pradesh
CountryIndia
StateUttar Pradesh
DivisionMoradabad
HeadquartersBijnor
Area
 • Total4,049 km2 (1,563 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total3,682,713
 • Density910/km2 (2,400/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy70.43%
 • Sex ratio917
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Websitehttp://bijnor.nic.in/

Bijnor district (hi) is one of the 75 districts in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. Bijnor city is the district headquarters. The government of Nagar Palika Parishad Bijnor Uttar Pradesh seeks its inclusion in National Capital Region (NCR) due to its close proximity to NCT of Delhi.[2]

Bijnor is notable for its sugarcane production and sugar mills, with two of the top five sugar mills of India situated in the district.[3]

History

Bijnor district was created in 1817 out of part of Moradabad district, and it was originally called Nagina district after its headquarters at Nagina.[4] The headquarters was relocated to Bijnor in 1824, although the district was still called "Nagina district" until 1837, when it officially became known as Bijnor district.[4]

Medieval history

In 1399, the district was ravaged by Timur. Later, during the time of Akbar, Bijnor was part of his Mughal Empire. In the early 18th century, the Rohilla Pashtuns established their independence in the area called by the Rohilkhand. Around 1748, the Rohilla chief Ali Mohammed Khan made his first annexations in Bijnor, the rest of which soon fell under the Rohilla domination. The northern districts were granted by Ali Mohammed Khan to Khurshid Ahmed Baig, who gradually extended his influence west of the Ganges and at Delhi, receiving the title of Najib-ud-daula with the position of the paymaster of the Mughal forces. Marathas invaded Bijnor who was also instigated by enemies of Rohillas, leading to several battles. Rohilla chief, Najib, who sided with Ahmad Shah Abdali in Panipat, was made vizier of the empire.[5]

Colonial era

In 1772 the Nawab of Oudh made a treaty with the Rohillas, to expel the Marathas in return for a money payment. Nawab of Oudh carried out his part of the bargain, but the Rohilla chieftains refused to pay. In 1774 the Nawab concluded with the East India Company government of Calcutta a treaty of alliance, and he then called upon the British, in accordance with its terms, to supply a brigade to assist him in enforcing his claims against the Rohillas. This was done; in the Rohilla War, the Rohillas were driven beyond the Ganges to the east, and Bijnor was incorporated in the territories of the nawab, who in the same year (1774) ceded it to the British East India Company. During the rebellion of 1857, Bijnor was occupied by the Nawab of Najibabad, a grandson of Zabita Khan, on 1 June. The Barha Sayyids of Bijnor, who were hereditary enemies of the Rohillas, threw their hat in their lot with the Rohillas Pashtuns and fought on their side almost to the last man during the rebellion.[6] In spite of fighting between the Hindus and the Muslim Pashtuns, the Nawab succeeded in maintaining his position until 21 April 1858, when he was defeated by the British at Nagina.[5]

Geography

Bijnor, or more correctly Bijnaur, occupies the north-west corner of the Moradabad Division (historically, Rohilkhand or Bareilly region). The western boundary is formed throughout by the deep stream of the river Ganges, beyond which lie the four districts of Haridwar, Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, and Meerut. To the north and north-east in the hill country of Garhwal, the dividing line being the submontane road, which runs from Haridwar along the foot of the Himalayas to Ramnagar, Nainital, Haldwani, and Tanakpur. This road, popularly known as the Kandi Sadak, belongs throughout its length to Garhwal, the transfer having taken place a few years since. On the east the Phika river for the greater part of its course constitutes the boundary, separating this district from Nainital and Moradabad, as far as its junction with the Ramganga; and to the south lie the Thakurdwara Tehsil of Moradabad. Amroha and Hasanpur tahsils of Amroha District. The boundary being conventional and undetermined by natural features. The extreme parallels of north latitude are 29° 2' and 29° 58' and of east longitude 78° 0' and 78° 57' from Lalitpur, the most northerly point, to koti Rao in the furthest eastern corner the distance in 56 miles (90 km); and from Koti Rao to Kamharia in the south-westerly angle 57 miles (92 km); and from Kamharia to Lalitpur 62 miles (100 km). The total area of the district is liable to change slightly from time to time by reason of the erratic action of the Ganges and Ramganga: In 1906 it amounted to 1,145,272 acres (1,789.488 sq mi; 4,634.75 km2), the average for the last five years being 1,147,967 acres (1,793.698 sq mi; 4,645.66 km2).

There remains the low fringe of Khadir along the Ganges to the west. This generally resembles the lowlands that skirt the rivers of the interior, the low flats which adjoin the stream itself being purely alluvial in character, while above them rises a terrace of higher ground extending inland as far as the chain of stagnant morasses lying immediately under the bangar cliff.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901776,308—    
1911802,166+0.33%
1921736,765−0.85%
1931831,403+1.22%
1941905,793+0.86%
1951979,406+0.78%
19611,184,306+1.92%
19711,480,734+2.26%
19811,927,023+2.67%
19912,454,521+2.45%
20013,131,619+2.47%
20113,682,713+1.63%
source:[7]

According to the 2011 census Bijnor district has a population of 3,682,713,[8][1] roughly equal to the nation of Liberia[9] or the US state of Oklahoma.[10] This gives it a ranking of 74th in India (out of a total of 640).[8] The district has a population density of 808 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,090/sq mi).[8] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.64%.[8] Bijnor has a sex ratio of 913 females for every 1000 males,[8] and a literacy rate of 70.43%. 25.13% of the population lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 21.38% and 0.08% of the population respectively.[8]

Religion

Religions in Bijnor district (2011)[11]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 55.18%
Islam
 
 43.04%
Sikhism
 
 1.37%
Others†
 
 0.41%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Jains (0.17%), Christians (0.17%), Buddhists (<0.05%).

Majority of the people of the district follow Hinduism followed closely by adherents of Islam. Sikhism is followed by a little more than one per cent of the population. Jainism, Christianity and Buddhism have small number of adherents.[11]

Tehsil Hindus Muslims Others
Najibabad 48.44% 50.37% 1.19%
Bijnor 63.46% 35.66% 0.88%
Nagina 50.73% 46.10% 3.17%
Dhampur 54.99% 42.93% 2.08%
Chandpur 58.15% 40.14% 1.71%

Languages

Languages of Bijnor district (2011)[12]

  Hindi (76.33%)
  Urdu (22.53%)
  Punjabi (0.96%)
  Others (0.18%)

Hindi and Urdu are the official languages.[13] At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 76.33% of the population of the district spoke Hindi, 22.53% Urdu and 0.96% Punjabi as their first language.[12]

Government and administration

Politics

The Member of Parliament from Bijnor Lok Sabha constituency is Chandan Chauhan, since 4 June 2024. He represents Rashtriya Lok Dal.[14]

Assembly constituencies

Najibabad, Chandpur, Noorpur, Dhampur, Nagina (reserved), Bijnor, Barhapur, Nehtaur (Reserved)

Settlements

Urban

Rural

Economy

Bijnor district has a vast sugar industry with total nine sugar mills of which Dhampur mill and Bundki mill are among India's top sugar mills. Approximately 2.09 lakh hectares of land is dedicated to sugarcane farming.[3]

Cuisine

Bijnor Urad Chawal is a notable rice-based dish of the region. It is served in special occasions like marriage.[15]

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Census of India: Bijnor district". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  2. ↑ "UP seeks to include 6 districts in NCR". indianexpress.com. 11 January 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Dabas, Harveer (12 December 2016). "sugarcane: Bijnor has 2 of India's top 5 sugar mills". The Times of India. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Nevill, H.R. (1908). Bijnor: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XIV Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh. Allahabad: Government Press. pp. 124–5. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bijnor". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 928–929.
  6. ↑ District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh: Volume 14. United Provinces of Agra and Oudh (India). 1908. p. 189.
  7. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 "District in Uttar Pradesh". www.citypopulation.de. 2019. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  9. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est.
  10. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 1 January 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Oklahoma 3,751,351
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  13. ↑ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  14. ↑ Saxena, Vinay (5 March 2024). "Chandan Singh Chauhan: जीत के पुराने जाट-गुर्जर फॉर्मूले के साथ मैदान में युवा पीढ़ी, कौन हैं ब‍िजनौर से RLD प्रत्‍याशी चंदन चौहान - RLD candidate from bijnor lok sabha seat chandan singh chauhan profile". Jagran (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  15. ↑ Aasid, Aasid (9 April 2022). "बिजनौर के मशहूरउड़द चावल सिर्फ बिजनौरी ही बता सकते हैं कि उड़द चावल का महत्त्व क्या है". Bijnor Express (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 13 July 2023.

External links

29°25′N 78°31′E / 29.417°N 78.517°E / 29.417; 78.517

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