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[[File:Cross Cut Road, Coimbatore, December 2009.JPG|thumb|Cross Cut Road]]
{{Other uses}}
'''Coimbatore''' (Tamil: கோயம்புத்தூர்), also known as Kovai (Tamil: கோவை), is the second largest city in the Tamil Nadu, after [[Chennai]]. It is the administrative headquarters of the [[Coimbatore District]] and a major textile and engineering hub of South India. It forms a part of the ancient Kongu Nadu region of South India, where its people were the first to establish a territorial state. Coimbatore city, including its suburban areas has a population of 2.4 million people.
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{good article}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}


It is referred as the [[Manchester]] of South India in business circles, and has textile mills, engineering firms, automobile parts manufacturers, health care facilities and educational institutions. The hill stations of [[Ooty]], [[Coonoor]] and [[Valparai]] are close to the city, making it a good tourist attraction throughout the year. The city is on the banks of the [[Noyyal River]] and is close to the [[Siruvani Waterfalls]].This city is a textile based one.
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Coimbatore
| native_name              = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| other_name              = Kovai, Covai (shortened) <!-- Please do not add any Indic script here either-->
| settlement_type          = [[Metropolis]]<ref>{{Cite report|url=http://www.cpcb.nic.in/EnvironmetalPlanning/ground/Chapter3.pdf|title=Chapter 3, Little Village of India|access-date=9 December 2017|publisher=Central Pollution Control Board, Govt of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923210838/http://www.cpcb.nic.in/EnvironmetalPlanning/ground/Chapter3.pdf|archive-date=23 September 2015}}</ref>
| image_seal              =
| image_skyline            = {{Photomontage
|border=infobox
|image_style=border:2;345847


|total_width=300
|perrow=1/2
| photo1a = Adiyogi Shiva steel burst 2018.jpg
| photo2a =  Tidel park Coimbatore1.JPG
| photo2b =  Maruthamalai Rajagopuram 1.jpg
| photo3a =  Domestic terminal at CJB.JPG
| photo3b =  Coimbatore Medical College Hospital India 201.jpg
| photo4a =  Jawaharlal Nehru stadium, coimbatore.jpg
| spacing = 1.3
| color_border = white
| color = white
| size = 250
}}
| image_alt                =
| image_caption            = ''From top, left to right'': Central Business District of Coimbatore, [[Adiyogi Shiva statue]], [[Marudhamalai (temple)|Maruthamalai Murugan Temple]],  [[Coimbatore International Airport]], [[Coimbatore Medical College]] and [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Coimbatore)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
| nickname                = Kovai, Manchester of South India
| map_alt                  = A map showing location of Coimbatore in India
| map_caption              = Location of Coimbatore in India
| pushpin_map              = India Tamil Nadu#India
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt          =
| pushpin_map_caption      = Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
| coordinates              = {{coord|11|01|00.5|N|76|57|20.9|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = {{IND}}
| subdivision_type1        = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2        =
| subdivision_type3        = [[District]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_name2        =
| subdivision_name3        = [[Coimbatore district|Coimbatore]]
| established_title        =
| established_date        =
| founder                  =
| named_for                =
| government_type          = [[Municipal Corporation]]
| governing_body          = [[Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation|CCMC]]
| leader_title1            = [[Mayor of Coimbatore|Mayor]]
| leader_name1            = A.Kalpana, [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]
| unit_pref                = Metric
| area_total_km2          = 246.75
| area_metro_km2          = 799.47
| area_rank                = 2
| elevation_m              = 427
| population_total        = 15,84,719<ref>{{Cite web|title=Coimbatore City Population 2011 Census|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3331_PART_B_DCHB_COIMBATORE.pdf}}</ref>
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_rank          = [[List of most populous cities in India|24th]]
| population_metro        = 2,136,916<ref name="CP" />
| population_blank1_title  = Metro rank
| population_blank1        = [[List of million-plus agglomerations in India|16th]]
| population_demonym      = Coimbatore
| demographics_type1      = Languages
| demographics1_title1    = Official
| timezone1                = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1              = +5:30
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code              = 641XXX
| area_code                = [[Telephone numbers in India|+91-0422]]
| area_code_type          = STD Code
| registration_plate      = TN 37 (South), TN 38 (North), TN 66 (Central), TN 99 (West), TN 37Z (Sulur)
| website                  = {{URL|https://www.ccmc.gov.in/}}
| footnotes                = Area Note 1: The pre-expansion area of city limits was 105.6 sq.km. The 2010 expansion order added 12 local bodies and increased the total area to 265.36 sq.km. In 2011, three of the local bodies [[Vellalore]] (16.64 sq.km), [[Chinniampalayam]] (9.27 sq.km) and [[Perur]] (6.40 sq.km) were dropped from the expansion and [[Vellakinar]] (9.20 sq.km) and Chinnavedampatti (4.5 sq.km) were added. The area post expansion is 246.75 sq.km.<ref name=exp2 /><ref name=go1 /><ref name=exp1>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/02/14/stories/2011021463070500.htm |title=Coimbatore set for expansive development |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=14 February 2011 |access-date=31 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216074348/http://www.hindu.com/2011/02/14/stories/2011021463070500.htm |archive-date=16 February 2013  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://moud.gov.in/report14|title=Area, Population and Density of Cities and Towns of India – 2001|publisher=Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310215407/http://moud.gov.in/report14|archive-date=10 March 2016}}</ref><br /><br />
Population Note 1: The population as per official census 2011 calculated basis pre-expansion city limits was 1,050,721.<ref name=2011city /> The population was 930,882 as per 2001 census.<ref name=go1 /> After the 2010 Government Order, the population became 1,262,122.<ref name=go1 /> After the changes mentioned in the previous note were made, the 2001 population figure was 1,250,446.<ref name=exp2 /><ref name="pca2001" /> The 2011 census data for the urban agglomeration is available and has been provided.<ref name="2011city" /> The population including the new city limits was provided by Government of India for the smart city challenge as 1,601,438.<ref name="Smart" />
| leader_title2          = [[Corporation Commissioner (CCMC)|Corporation Commissioner]]
| leader_name2          = M.Prathap , [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| leader_title3        = [[Commissioner of Police]]
| leader_name3    = G.Balakrishanan , [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| area_metro_footnotes    = <ref>{{Cite web|title=Coimbatore 2011 District Census Handbook Page No. 28|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3331_PART_B_DCHB_COIMBATORE.pdf}}</ref>
| demographics1_info1      = [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[English language|English]]
| population_density_km2  = 6,441
}}


[[Avinashi]] is a nearby town where a famous Shiva Temple is located.
'''Coimbatore''', also spelt as '''Koyamputhur'''{{refn|group=note|''Coimbatore'' is the [[British English]] spelling, and ''Kōyamputtūr'' is the [[ISO 15919|romanized]] spelling from [[Tamil script]].}} ({{IPA-ta|koːjambʊt̪ːuːɾ|Tamil}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 June 2020 |title=Koyampuththoor |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/coimbatore-becomes-koyampuththoor-after-rechristening-exercise/articleshow/76309708.cms |access-date=1 May 2021}}</ref>), sometimes shortened as '''Kovai''' ({{IPA-ml|koːʋaj|IPA}}), is one of the major metropolitan cities in the [[States and union territories of India|Indian state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. It is located on the banks of the [[Noyyal River]] and surrounded by the [[Western Ghats]]. Coimbatore is the second largest city in Tamil Nadu after [[Chennai]] in terms of population and the 16th largest [[List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India|urban agglomeration in India]] as per the [[2011 Census of India|census 2011]]. It is administered by the [[Coimbatore Municipal Corporation]] and is the administrative capital of [[Coimbatore District]]. In 1981, Coimbatore formed as the third municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu after Chennai and [[Madurai]]. [[Podanur Junction]] is the oldest railway station in Coimbatore City. The city is one of the largest exporters of [[jewellery]], [[wet grinder]]s, [[poultry]] and [[Automobile|auto components]]; the "[[Coimbatore Wet Grinder]]" and the "[[Kovai Cora Cotton]]" are recognised as [[Geographical Indications in India|Geographical Indications]] by the [[Government of India]]. Being a hub of textile industry in [[South India]], the city is sometimes referred to as the "Manchester of South India".<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 5, 2021|title=How Manchester of south India was lost over the past decade|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/how-manchester-of-south-india-was-lost-over-the-past-decade/articleshow/80106110.cms|access-date=2021-07-13|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> It was ranked the 7th best city in India in the Ease of Living index 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bengaluru, Pune, Ahmedabad best cities in EoLI 2020 (Million Plus Category)|url=https://pib.gov.in/pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1702417|access-date=2021-11-29|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref>


{{commonscat}}
The region around Coimbatore was ruled by the [[Chera dynasty|Cheras]] during the [[Sangam period]] between the 1st and the 4th centuries CE and it served as the eastern entrance to the [[Palakkad Gap]], the principal trade route between the west coast and Tamil Nadu. Coimbatore was located along the ancient trade route Rajakesari Peruvazhi that extended from [[Muziris]] to [[Arikamedu]] in South India. The [[medieval Cholas]] conquered the [[Kongu Nadu]] in the 10th century CE. The region was ruled by [[Vijayanagara Empire]] in the 15th century followed by the [[Madurai Nayaks|Nayaks]] who introduced the [[Polygar|Palayakkarar system]] under which Kongu Nadu region was divided into 24 ''Palayams''. In the later part of the 18th century, the Coimbatore region came under the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] and following the [[Siege of Coimbatore|defeat]] of [[Tipu Sultan]] in the [[Anglo-Mysore Wars]], the [[British East India Company]] annexed Coimbatore to the [[Madras Presidency]] in 1799. The Coimbatore region played a prominent role in the Second [[Poligar War]] (1801) when it was the area of operations of [[Dheeran Chinnamalai]].


{{multistub|geo|Asia}}
In 1804, Coimbatore was established as the capital of the newly formed [[Coimbatore district]] and in 1866, it was accorded [[municipality]] status with [[Robert Stanes]] as its chairman. 24 November used to be Coimbatore Day, say those familiar with the history of Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/coimbatore-day-celebrated/article20851618.ece|title=Coimbatore Day celebrated|date=25 November 2017|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-12-14|others=Special Correspondent|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303163259/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/coimbatore-day-celebrated/article20851618.ece|archive-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> The city experienced a textile boom in the early 19th century due to the decline of the cotton industry in [[Mumbai]]. Post – Independence, Coimbatore has seen rapid growth due to industrialisation including the introduction of 3 malls in major locations. Coimbatore was ranked the best emerging city in India by ''[[India Today]]'' in the 2014 annual Indian city survey. The city was ranked fourth among Indian cities in investment climate by [[Confederation of Indian Industry]] and 17th among the top global outsourcing cities by Tholons. Coimbatore has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a [[smart city]] under [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]]'s flagship [[Smart Cities Mission]]. Coimbatore regularly features among the top 10 best cities to live in India. Coimbatore was rated as one of the safest cities in India for women according to [[National Crime Records Bureau]] report in 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/coimbatore-one-of-the-safest-cities-for-women/articleshow/56517060.cms|title=Coimbatore, one of the safest cities for women|last=Sangeetha|first=P|date=10 January 2017|work=[[Times of India]]|access-date=5 February 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211092624/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/coimbatore-one-of-the-safest-cities-for-women/articleshow/56517060.cms|archive-date=11 February 2017}}</ref>
[[Category:Coimbatore]]
 
== Etymology ==
There are multiple theories regarding the origin of the name Coimbatore. According to one theory, "Coimbatore" is a derivation of ''Kovanpudhur'' (literally 'new town of Kovan'), after chieftain Kovan or Koyan, evolved into ''Koyampuththoor''<ref>{{Cite news|title= Coimbatore to be known by its old name-Koyampuththoor|url=https://www.bbc.com/tamil/india-53009388|access-date=14 October 2019|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=14 October 2019}}</ref> and later anglicised as ''Coimbatore''.<ref name="hindu.com1">{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-propertyplus/coimbatore-turning-modern-yet-retaining-its-old-charm/article2114224.ece |title=Coimbatore: turning modern, yet retaining its old charm |newspaper=[[BBC Tamil]] |date=11 June 2020 |access-date=11 June 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031054/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-propertyplus/coimbatore-turning-modern-yet-retaining-its-old-charm/article2114224.ece |archive-date=17 October 2015  }}</ref> Koyamma, the goddess worshipped by Koyan evolved into Koniamma and later Kovaiamma. Another theory states that the name could have been derived from ''Kovaiamma''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Whitehead|first=Henry|title=The Village Gods of South India|publisher=Read Books|year=1921|pages=121–2|isbn=978-1-4067-3214-6}}</ref>
 
== History ==
{{Main|History of Coimbatore|Timeline of Coimbatore history}}
[[File:SBI Coimbatore.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Sugarcane Breeding Institute]] at Coimbatore, 1928]]
The region around Coimbatore was ruled by the [[Chera dynasty|Cheras]] during [[Sangam period]] between c. 1st and the 4th centuries CE and it served as the eastern entrance to the [[Palakkad Gap]], the principal trade route between the west coast and [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref name="Trade">{{Cite news|last=Subramanian|first=T. S|title=Roman connection in Tamil Nadu|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2007012800201800.htm&date=2007/01/28/&prd=th|access-date=28 October 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=28 January 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130919235748/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2007012800201800.htm&date=2007%2F01%2F28%2F&prd=th|archive-date=19 September 2013}}</ref> The [[Kosar people|Kosar tribe]] mentioned in the 2nd century CE [[Tamil language|Tamil]] epic ''[[Silappathikaram]]'' and other poems in [[Sangam literature]] is associated with the Coimbatore region.<ref>{{Cite book|author=[[S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar]]|title=Some Contributions of South India to Indian Culture| year=2009| publisher=BiblioBazaar| isbn=978-1-113-17175-7| page=27}}</ref> The region was located along an [[Ancient Rome|ancient Roman]] trade route that extended from [[Muziris]] to [[Arikamedu]].<ref name="Roman">{{Cite news|title=Kovai's Roman connection|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2009/01/08/stories/2009010850970100.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|date=8 January 2009|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601214044/http://hindu.com/mp/2009/01/08/stories/2009010850970100.htm|archive-date=1 June 2009}}</ref><ref name="Roman2">{{Cite news|title=On the Roman Trail|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/01/21/stories/2008012150370500.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 January 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110160411/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/01/21/stories/2008012150370500.htm|archive-date=10 November 2012}}</ref> The [[medieval Cholas]] conquered the [[Kongu Nadu]] in the 10th century. A Chola highway called ''Rajakesari Peruvazhi'' ran through the region.<ref name="Cholas">{{Cite news|last=Vanavarayar|first=Shankar|title=Scripting history|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2010/06/21/stories/2010062151120400.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 June 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110160431/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2010/06/21/stories/2010062151120400.htm|archive-date=10 November 2012}}</ref><ref name="Cholaroad">{{Cite news|last=M|first=Soundariya Preetha|title=Tale of an ancient road|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/06/30/stories/2007063054660500.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|date=30 June 2007|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110161009/http://www.hindu.com/2007/06/30/stories/2007063054660500.htm|archive-date=10 November 2012}}</ref> Much of Tamil Nadu came under the rule of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]] by the 15th century. In the 1550s, [[Madurai Nayaks]], who were the military governors of the Vijaynagara Empire, took control of the region. After the Vijayanagara Empire fell in the 17th century, the Madurai Nayaks established their state as an independent kingdom. They introduced the [[Polygar|Palayakkarar system]] under which Kongu Nadu region was divided into 24 ''Palayams''(towns).<ref name="Palayakkarar">{{Cite news|title=The land called Kongunad|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/11/19/stories/2005111902090200.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 November 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110528171005/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/11/19/stories/2005111902090200.htm|archive-date=28 May 2011}}</ref>
 
[[File:Coimbatore Townhall Aerial-view 1930.jpg|thumb|left|Aerial view of the city, circa 1930]]
In the latter part of the 18th century, the region came under the [[Kingdom of Mysore]], following a series of wars with the [[Madurai Nayak dynasty]]. After the [[Siege of Coimbatore|defeat]] of [[Tipu Sultan]] in the [[Anglo-Mysore Wars]], the [[British East India Company]] annexed Coimbatore to the [[Madras Presidency]] in 1799. The Coimbatore region played a prominent role in the Second [[Poligar War]] (1801), when it was the area of operations of [[Dheeran Chinnamalai]].<ref name="Dheeran">{{Cite news|title=Remembering Dheeran Chinnamalai|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/03/stories/2007080353100500.htm|access-date=15 January 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=3 August 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110161023/http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/03/stories/2007080353100500.htm|archive-date=10 November 2012}}</ref> In 1804, Coimbatore was established as the capital of the newly formed Coimbatore district and in 1866 it was accorded [[municipality]] status.<ref name="NammaKovai">{{Cite news|title=Namma Kovai|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/namma-coimbatore/article5522897.ece|access-date=28 June 2015|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=31 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031054/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/namma-coimbatore/article5522897.ece|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="Capital">{{Cite news|title=The city that is Coimbatore|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2005043001980300.htm&date=2005/04/30/&prd=mp&|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=30 April 2005|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726120742/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2005043001980300.htm&date=2005%2F04%2F30%2F&prd=mp&|archive-date=26 July 2011}}</ref><ref name="Stanes">{{Cite news|last=Muthiah|first=S|title='Golden Tips' in the Nilgiris|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/04/14/stories/2003041400090300.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=14 April 2003|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070807100133/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/04/14/stories/2003041400090300.htm|archive-date=7 August 2007}}</ref><ref name="frontline1">{{Cite news|title=The cotton classic|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2102/stories/20040130004511000.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]|date=30 January 2004|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060629220434/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2102/stories/20040130004511000.htm|archive-date=29 June 2006}}</ref> [[Robert Stanes|Sir Robert Stanes]] became the first chairman of the [[Coimbatore City Council]].<ref name="Stanes" /> The region was hard hit during the [[Great Famine of 1876–78]] resulting in nearly 200,000 famine related fatalities. The first three decades of the 20th century saw nearly 20,000 [[black Death|plague-related deaths]] and acute water shortage.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The perils of the past|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/05/28/stories/2005052802450300.htm|access-date=29 December 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=28 May 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110161035/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/05/28/stories/2005052802450300.htm|archive-date=10 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Chronicling the spirit of Coimbatore|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/03/stories/2009010358210200.htm|access-date=29 December 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=3 January 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110161046/http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/03/stories/2009010358210200.htm|archive-date=10 November 2012}}</ref>
 
The decline of the cotton industry in [[Mumbai]] fuelled an economic boom in Coimbatore in the 1920s and 1930s.<ref name="frontline1" /> The region played a significant role in the [[Indian independence movement]] with [[Gandhi|Mahatma Gandhi]] visiting the city three times.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The Mahatma's link with Coimbatore|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2005/10/01/stories/2005100101800300.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=1 October 2005|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810092413/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2005/10/01/stories/2005100101800300.htm|archive-date=10 August 2007}}</ref> Coimbatore was the base of operations for such political figures as [[S. P. Narasimhalu Naidu]], [[R. K. Shanmukham Chetty]], C.S. Rathinasabapathy and [[C. Subramaniam]] during the independence movement.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Namma Coimbatore|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/namma-coimbatore/article5522897.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=31 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031054/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/namma-coimbatore/article5522897.ece|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref> Post independence, Coimbatore has seen rapid growth due to industrialisation and in 1981 it was constituted as a [[municipal corporation]].<ref name="Corporation">{{Cite news|title=Keep politics out of Corporation Council|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/12/25/stories/2006122517080300.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=25 December 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110161127/http://www.hindu.com/2006/12/25/stories/2006122517080300.htm|archive-date=10 November 2012}}</ref> On [[1998 Coimbatore bombings|14 February 1998]], the radical [[Islamist]] group [[Al Ummah]] bombed 11 places across the city killing 58 people and injuring more than 200.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.oneindia.in/2007/10/09/35-convicts-sentenced-1998-coimbatore-blasts.html|title=35 convicts sentenced in Coimbatore blast case|work=One India|date=9 October 2007|access-date=30 November 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213174252/http://news.oneindia.in/2007/10/09/35-convicts-sentenced-1998-coimbatore-blasts.html|archive-date=13 December 2013}}</ref>
 
== Geography ==
{{Main|Geography of Coimbatore}}
[[File:The Majestic Western Ghats along the Palakkad - Coimbatore Hwy 47.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Western Ghats]] along the Coimbatore-Palakkad National Highway]]
 
Coimbatore lies at {{Coord|11|1|6|N|76|58|21|E|}} in [[south India]] at 427&nbsp;metres (1401&nbsp;ft) above sea level on the banks of the [[Noyyal River]], in northwestern Tamil Nadu. It covers an area of {{convert|642.12|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name="CP">{{Cite web|title=INDIA: Tamil Nādu|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/India-TamilNadu.html|publisher=citypopulation.de|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165154/http://www.citypopulation.de/India-TamilNadu.html|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> It is surrounded by the [[Western Ghats]] mountain range to the west and the north, with [[reserve forest]]s of the [[Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve]] on the northern side.<ref name="JReginald" /> The Noyyal River forms the southern boundary of the city, which has an extensive tank system fed by the river and rainwater.<ref name=businessplan>{{Cite web|title=Business Plan for Coimbatore Corporation|work=Wilbur Smith Associates|url=https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ccmc/images/stories/CDP/City_Development_Plan.pdf|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|access-date=9 May 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815003407/https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ccmc/images/stories/CDP/City_Development_Plan.pdf|archive-date=15 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=A river runs through it|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/01/28/stories/2006012802630300.htm|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=28 January 2006|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927234829/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/01/28/stories/2006012802630300.htm|archive-date=27 September 2013}}</ref> The eight major tanks and [[wetland]] areas of Coimbatore are namely, [[Singanallur Lake|Singanallur]], [[Valankulam Lake|Valankulam]], [[Ukkadam Lake|Ukkadam Periyakulam]], Selvampathy, Narasampathi, Krishnampathi, Selvachinthamani, and Kumaraswami.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Maintenance of tanks not at cost of environment|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/maintenance-of-tanks-not-at-cost-of-environment/article851556.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=27 October 2010|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> Multiple streams drain the waste water from the city.<ref name=businessplan /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Corporation begins storm water drain project in Coimbatore|url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/05/stories/2011010551610300.htm|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=5 January 2011|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604054241/http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/05/stories/2011010551610300.htm|archive-date=4 June 2013}}</ref>
 
The city is divided into two distinctive geographic regions: the dry eastern side which includes majority of the urban area of the city and the western region which borders the [[Nilgiris]], [[Anaimalai]] and [[Munnar]] ranges. [[Palghat Gap]], a mountain pass which connects the neighbouring state of [[Kerala]] to Tamil Nadu, lies to the west of the city. Because of its location in the [[biodiversity hotspot]] of the [[Western Ghats]], a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]], the city is rich in [[fauna]] and [[flora]]. The Coimbatore urban wetlands harbours around 116 species of [[List of birds of Coimbatore|birds]], of which 66 are resident, 17 are migratory and 33 are local migrants.<ref name=birds>{{Cite web|title=Conservation of bird life|url=http://eproceedings.worldscinet.com/9789814295048/9789814295048_0102.html|work=International Conference on CBEE, 2009|publisher=World Scientific Publishing Company|access-date=9 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815185006/http://eproceedings.worldscinet.com/9789814295048/9789814295048_0102.html|archive-date=15 August 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[spot-billed pelican]], [[painted stork]], [[Asian openbill|openbill stork]], [[ibis]], [[Indian spot-billed duck]], [[teal]] and [[black-winged stilt]] visit the Coimbatore wetlands on their migration.<ref name="JReginald">{{Cite journal|title=Birds of Singanallur lake, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu|author1=L. Joseph Reginald|author2=C. Mahendran|author3=S. Suresh Kumar|author4=P. Pramod|date=December 2007|journal=Zoos' Print Journal|volume=22|pages=2944–2948|url=http://www.zoosprint.org/ZooPrintJournal/2007/December/2944-2948.pdf|issue=12|doi=10.11609/jott.zpj.1657.2944-8|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929013858/http://www.zoosprint.org/ZooPrintJournal/2007/December/2944-2948.pdf|archive-date=29 September 2011}}</ref> Apart from the species common to the plains, various threatened and endangered species such as [[Indian elephant]]s, [[wild boar]]s, [[leopard]]s, [[Bengal tiger]]s, [[gaur]]s, [[Nilgiri tahr]], [[sloth bear]] and [[black-headed oriole]] are found in the region.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Coimbatore – a hot spot of bio-diversity|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-editorialfeatures/article1463292.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 February 2011|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114141453/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-editorialfeatures/article1463292.ece|archive-date=14 January 2016}}</ref>
 
The northern part of the city has a rich tropical [[evergreen forest]] with commercially significant trees such as [[teak]], [[sandalwood]], [[rosewood]] and [[bamboo]]. The soil is predominantly [[Chernozem|black]], which is suitable for cotton cultivation, but some [[red soil|red loamy soil]] is also found. According to the [[Bureau of Indian Standards]], Coimbatore falls under the Class III/IV [[Earthquake hazard zoning of India|Seismic Zone]], having experienced an earthquake of magnitude 6.0 on the [[Richter magnitude scale|Richter scale]] on 8 February 1900.<ref name=earthquake>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1627/16270870.htm|title=Dams and earthquakes|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=25 December 1999|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811214221/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1627/16270870.htm|archive-date=11 August 2010}}</ref>
 
== Climate ==
Under the [[Köppen climate classification]], the city has a [[hot semi-arid climate]] (''BSh''), with a wet season lasting from September to November due to the [[northeast monsoon]]. The mean maximum temperature ranges from {{convert|35.9|°C|1|abbr=on}} to {{convert|29.2|°C|1|abbr=on}} and the mean minimum temperature ranges from {{convert|24.5|°C|1|abbr=on}} to {{convert|19.8|°C|1|abbr=on}}.<ref name="SHB002">{{Cite web|url=http://www.coimbatore.tn.nic.in/pdf/SHB002.pdf|title=Coimbatore Corporation|publisher=Coimbatore Corporation|access-date=23 September 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100331164833/http://www.coimbatore.tn.nic.in/pdf/SHB002.pdf|archive-date=31 March 2010}}</ref> The highest temperature ever recorded is {{convert|42.6|°C|1|abbr=on}} on 22 April 1976 while the lowest is {{convert|12.2|°C|1|abbr=on}} on 12 January 1957.<ref name=IMDextremes>{{Cite web |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf |archive-date = 5 February 2020 |url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf |title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012) |publisher = India Meteorological Department |date = December 2016 |page = M193 |access-date = 7 March 2020}}</ref>
 
Coimbatore has a tropical wet and dry climate. It experiences hot and humid summers from March to June with temperatures ranging from 25°C to 38°C. The monsoon season starts from July and lasts till October. The city receives moderate rainfall from the south-west monsoon and occasional heavy rainfall from the north-east monsoon. The winter season starts from November and ends in February. The temperatures during this season range from 20°C to 30°C.
 
Due to the south-west monsoon winds passing through the [[Palghat Gap|Palghat gap]], elevated regions of the city receive rainfall in the months from June to August. After a warm and foggy September, the north-east monsoon starts from October, lasting until early November. The average annual rainfall is around {{convert|600|mm|1|abbr=on}} with the northeast and the southwest monsoons contributing to 47% and 28% respectively to the total rainfall.<ref name="SHB002" /> This periodic rainfall does not satisfy the city's water requirements throughout the year and water supply schemes like Siruvani and Pilloor maintain its availability during low rainfall months.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Experts to study feasibility of Athikadavu – Avanashi scheme|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/03/18/stories/2010031858940100.htm|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=18 February 2009|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130918211612/http://www.hindu.com/2010/03/18/stories/2010031858940100.htm|archive-date=18 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Coimbatore Corporation begins efforts to avoid water scarcity|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/03/18/stories/2010031858940100.htm|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=18 March 2010|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130918211612/http://www.hindu.com/2010/03/18/stories/2010031858940100.htm|archive-date=18 September 2013}}</ref>
 
{{Weather box
|location = Coimbatore ([[Coimbatore International Airport]]) 1981–2010, extremes 1948–2012)
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 35.9
| Feb record high C = 38.8
| Mar record high C = 40.8
| Apr record high C = 42.6
| May record high C = 41.2
| Jun record high C = 38.0
| Jul record high C = 36.2
| Aug record high C = 36.0
| Sep record high C = 37.8
| Oct record high C = 36.8
| Nov record high C = 34.2
| Dec record high C = 34.4
| year record high C = 42.6
| Jan high C = 30.8
| Feb high C = 33.6
| Mar high C = 36.0
| Apr high C = 36.7
| May high C = 35.4
| Jun high C = 32.4
| Jul high C = 31.6
| Aug high C = 31.9
| Sep high C = 32.7
| Oct high C = 31.9
| Nov high C = 30.1
| Dec high C = 29.6
| year high C = 32.7
| Jan low C = 18.8
| Feb low C = 19.8
| Mar low C = 21.8
| Apr low C = 23.7
| May low C = 23.7
| Jun low C = 22.6
| Jul low C = 22.0
| Aug low C = 22.0
| Sep low C = 22.1
| Oct low C = 22.0
| Nov low C = 20.9
| Dec low C = 19.0
| year low C = 21.5
| Jan record low C = 12.2
| Feb record low C = 12.8
| Mar record low C = 15.8
| Apr record low C = 18.2
| May record low C = 15.6
| Jun record low C = 18.3
| Jul record low C = 16.1
| Aug record low C = 16.1
| Sep record low C = 16.7
| Oct record low C = 15.9
| Nov record low C = 14.1
| Dec record low C = 12.4
| year record low C = 12.2
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 7.5
| Feb rain mm = 4.2
| Mar rain mm = 25.7
| Apr rain mm = 43.6
| May rain mm = 55.2
| Jun rain mm = 23.7
| Jul rain mm = 25.3
| Aug rain mm = 36.1
| Sep rain mm = 52.8
| Oct rain mm = 157.5
| Nov rain mm = 134.6
| Dec rain mm = 33.3
| Jan rain days = 0.4
| Feb rain days = 0.6
| Mar rain days = 1.3
| Apr rain days = 2.9
| May rain days = 3.5
| Jun rain days = 2.7
| Jul rain days = 2.9
| Aug rain days = 2.8
| Sep rain days = 3.5
| Oct rain days = 8.2
| Nov rain days = 6.6
| Dec rain days = 2.2
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 41
| Feb humidity = 33
| Mar humidity = 31
| Apr humidity = 42
| May humidity = 56
| Jun humidity = 66
| Jul humidity = 68
| Aug humidity = 68
| Sep humidity = 66
| Oct humidity = 67
| Nov humidity = 64
| Dec humidity = 53
|year humidity = 54
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDextremes /><ref name=IMDnormals>{{Cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Coimbatore (Peeamedu) Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 203–204
| access-date = 7 March 2020}}</ref>
}}
 
== Demographics ==
{{Historical populations|align = left
|1871| 35310
|1881| 38967
|1891| 46383
|1901| 53080
|1911| 47000
|1921| 68000
|1931| 95000
|1941| 130348
|1951| 198000
|1961| 286000
|1971| 356000
|1981| 704000
|1991| 816321
|2001| 930882
|2011| 1601438
|footnote = Sources:
* 1871–1901:<ref>{{Cite book|title=Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 10|orig-year=1908|year=2015|publisher=BiblioBazaar|last1=Hunter|first1=William Wilson|isbn=978-1-343-35262-9}}</ref>
* 1911–2001:<ref name="pop2" />
* 1981: Raise in population due to merger of Singanallur Municipality
* 2001:<ref name="Census2001" />
* 2011:<ref name="Smart" />
* 2011: Raise in population due to expansion of the city
 
}}
[[File:Maruthamalai Rajagopuram.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Marudamalai]] Murugan Temple]]
Coimbatore has a population of 1,601,438.<ref name="Smart">{{Cite web|url=http://www.smartcitieschallenge.in/city/coimbatore|title=Smart city challenge, Coimbatore|publisher=Government of India|access-date=15 December 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151220134501/http://www.smartcitieschallenge.in/city/coimbatore|archive-date=20 December 2015}}</ref> As per the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]] based on pre-expansion city limits, Coimbatore had a population of 1,050,721 with a sex ratio of 997 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.<ref name="dashboard">{{Cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113144743/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|archive-date=13 November 2013}}</ref> It is the second largest city in the state after capital Chennai<ref name="ua_2011" /> and the sixteenth largest urban agglomeration in India. A total of 102,069 were under the age of six, comprising 52,275 males and 49,794 females. The average literacy of the city was 82.43%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.<ref name="dashboard" /> There were a total of 425,115 workers, comprising 1,539 cultivators, 2,908 main agricultural labourer, 11,789 in house hold industries, 385,802 other workers, 23,077 marginal workers, 531 marginal cultivators, 500 marginal agricultural labourer, 1,169 marginal workers in household industries and 20,877 other marginal workers.<ref name=2011census>{{Cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Coimbatore|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=704539|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924150524/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=704539|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref>
 
As per the [[2001 census of India|2001 census]],<ref name="Census2001">{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 January 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Coimbatore had a population of 930,882 within the municipal corporation limits.<ref name=exp2>{{Cite news|last=Madhavan|first=Karthik|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/article2249069.ece|title=Slim chances for 3 local bodies to be a part of Corporation|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 July 2011|access-date=31 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216182815/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/article2249069.ece|archive-date=16 December 2013}}</ref><ref name=go1>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tn.gov.in/dtp/gorders/maws_t_219_2010.pdf |title=Tamil Nadu GO N0 219  |access-date=31 January 2013 |publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu |year=2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912173441/http://www.tn.gov.in/dtp/gorders/maws_t_219_2010.pdf |archive-date=12 September 2012  }}</ref><ref name="pca2001" /> The population of the urban agglomeration as per 2011 census is 2,136,916 with males constituting 50.08% of the population and females 49.92%.<ref name="CP" /><ref name="ua_2011">{{Cite web|title=Major Agglomerations|year=2011|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|access-date=31 May 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017153124/http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|archive-date=17 October 2013}}</ref> Coimbatore has an average literacy rate of 89.23%, higher than the national average of 74.04%. Male literacy is 93.17% and female literacy is 85.3% with 8.9% of the population under six years of age. The sex ratio was 964 females per 1000 males.<ref name=2011UA>{{Cite web|title=Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above|year=2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|work=Censusindia|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|access-date=17 October 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113152754/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|archive-date=13 November 2011}}</ref> In 2005, the crime rate in the city was 265.9 per 100,000 people, accounting for 1.2% of all crimes reported in major cities in India. It ranked 21st among 35 major cities in India in the incidence of crimes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/CII/CII2012/cii-2012/Table%201.2.pdf|title=Incidence & Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes Under Indian Penal Code (IPC)and Special And Local Laws (SLL)(2002–2012)|access-date=2 July 2015|year=2005|publisher=National Crime Records Bureau|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308080820/http://www.ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/CII/CII2012/cii-2012/Table%201.2.pdf|archive-date=8 March 2016}}</ref> In 2011, the population density in the city was 10,052 per km<sup>2</sup> (26,035 per mi<sup>2</sup>).<ref name=2011city>This is the population of the city limits prior to 2011 expansion{{Cite web|title=Cities having population 100,000 and above|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|work=censusindia|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|access-date=17 October 2011|year=2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507135928/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|archive-date=7 May 2012}}</ref> Around 8% of the city's population lives in slums.<ref name=autogenerated1>"{{Cite web|url=https://payment.ccmc.gov.in/dwnldforms/City_Development_Plan.pdf|title=City development plan|publisher=Coimbatore Municipal Corporation|page=82|quote=There are 195 slums in 23 major identified locations inside the corporation limits with a total population of around 352,219, which include BPL population as well. Around 8 percent of the total population reside in slums|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044037/https://payment.ccmc.gov.in/dwnldforms/City_Development_Plan.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref>
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Coimbatore city (2011)
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|darkorange|83.31}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|8.63}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians]]|blue|7.53}}
{{bar percent|[[Jains]]|pink|0.48}}
|caption=Distribution of religions
}}
 
== Administration and politics ==
{{Main|Administration of Coimbatore|Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation}}
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; clear:right; margin-left:1em"
|+ Administrative officials
|-
!Title
!Name
|-
|[[Mayor of Coimbatore|Mayor]]
|[[A. Kalpana|Kalpana. A]]
|-
|Deputy Mayor
|Vetri Selvam. R
|-
|District Collector
|Kranthi Kumar Pati
|-
|Commissioner
|Kumaravel Pandian, IAS<ref name="corp1">{{Cite web|title=Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation – Commissioner Profile |url=https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ccmc/index.php/administration |publisher=Coimbatore Corporation |access-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211338/https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ccmc/index.php/administration |archive-date=3 March 2016  }}</ref>
|-
|Police Commissioner
|Sumit Sharan, IPS<ref>{{Cite news|title=Amalraj transferred to Trichy; K Periaiah new city top cop|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/amalraj-transferred-to-trichy-k-periaiah-new-city-top-cop/articleshow/61650650.cms|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|date=20 November 2017|access-date=21 November 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201074219/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/amalraj-transferred-to-trichy-k-periaiah-new-city-top-cop/articleshow/61650650.cms|archive-date=1 December 2017}}</ref>
|}
Coimbatore is a [[municipal corporation]] administered by the Coimbatore Municipal Corporation and is the administrative headquarters of Coimbatore district. Coimbatore was established as the capital of Coimbatore district in 1804 and in 1866, it was accorded municipality status.<ref name="NammaKovai" /><ref name="Capital" /> In 1981, Coimbatore was elevated as a municipal corporation.<ref name="Corporation" /> The city is divided into five administrative zones – East, West, North, South and Central, each further subdivided into 20 wards.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2475762.ece |title=Corporation to have five zones |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=22 September 2011 |access-date=31 January 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103141730/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2475762.ece |archive-date=3 November 2012  }}</ref> Each ward is represented by a councillor who is elected by direct election and the [[Mayor of Coimbatore]] is elected by Councillors. The executive wing of the corporation is headed by a Corporation Commissioner and maintains basic services like water supply, sewage and roads.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Coimbatore Corporation Citizens Charter |url=https://www.coimbatore-corporation.com/dwnldforms/CitizensCharterEnglish.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050308165451/http://www.coimbatore-corporation.com/DwnldForms/CitizensCharterEnglish.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 March 2005  |access-date=22 June 2010 |publisher=Coimbatore Corporation }}</ref><ref name="indirectelection">{{Cite news|title=Enact anti-defection law for councilors, says Jayalalithaa|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/22/stories/2006092222060100.htm|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=22 September 2006|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130918202432/http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/22/stories/2006092222060100.htm|archive-date=18 September 2013}}</ref> The district itself is administered by the [[district collector]] and the district court in Coimbatore is the highest court of appeal in the district. The [[Coimbatore City Police]] is headed by a [[Police commissioner|Commissioner of Police]] and there are 18 police stations in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Right to Information: Coimbatore City Police|url=http://eservices.tnpolice.gov.in/CCTNSNICSDC/pdfs/rti/rticities/cbecity.pdf|work=Coimbatore Police|access-date=23 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928105952/http://eservices.tnpolice.gov.in/CCTNSNICSDC/pdfs/rti/rticities/cbecity.pdf|archive-date=28 September 2017}}</ref>
 
[[File:Race Course Road, Coimbatore.JPG|thumb|200px|Race Course Road, Coimbatore]]
A large part of the Coimbatore urban agglomeration falls outside the Municipal corporation limits.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Corporation seeks to expand its area|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/06/stories/2007120654600100.htm|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=6 December 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624052350/http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/06/stories/2007120654600100.htm|archive-date=24 June 2010}}</ref> These suburbs are governed by local bodies called Village Panchayats and [[Panchayat town|Town Panchayats]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Directorate of Town Panchayats|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/dtp/|work=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303192300/http://www.tn.gov.in/dtp/|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref>
Besides the Coimbatore Municipal Corporation, the Coimbatore urban agglomeration comprises the Town Panchayats of [[Vellalore|Vellalur]], [[Irugur]], [[Pallapalayam, Coimbatore|Pallapalayam]], [[Kannampalayam]], [[Veerapandi, Coimbatore|Veerapandi]], [[Periyanaickenpalayam]], [[Narasimhanaickenpalayam]], [[Idikarai]], [[Vedapatti]], [[Perur]], [[Madukkarai]], [[Ettimadai]], [[Thondamuthur]], [[Uliyampalayam]], [[Thirumalayampalayam]], [[Othakalmandapam]], [[Alanthurai]], [[Pooluvapatti]], [[Thenkarai, Coimbatore|Thenkarai]], [[Karumathampatti]], [[Sarcarsamakulam]], [[Mopperipalayam]] and [[Gudalur (Coimbatore district)|Gudalur]], census towns of [[Ashokapuram, Coimbatore|Ashokapuram]], [[Kurudampalayam]], Malumichampatti, Selvapuram, [[Chettipalayam]], [[Sulur]], [[Chinniampalayam]], Somayampalayam, Muthugoundan Pudur, Arasur, [[Kaniyur]], Neelambur and municipalities of [[Kuniyamuthur]], [[Kurichi]] and [[Goundampalayam]].<ref name=UAcomp>{{Cite web|title=Constituents of Urban Agglomeration, Census 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf|work=Census of India|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|access-date=17 October 2011|year=2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112074554/http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf|archive-date=12 November 2011}}</ref> These local bodies are in turn split into wards each electing a councillor through direct election. The head of the local body, known as the '''President''',<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bill on Pongal as New Year day introduced|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/30/stories/2008013060271000.htm|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=6 December 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603050943/http://hindu.com/2008/01/30/stories/2008013060271000.htm|archive-date=3 June 2009}}</ref> is elected by the councillors from among their number.<ref name="indirectelection" />
 
Coimbatore has traditionally been a stronghold of the [[Dravidian parties|Dravidian party]] [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (AIADMK) with national parties such as the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) as well as the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPI(M)) also having a significant presence.<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/aiadmk-retains-its-stronghold-even-after-shuffling-of-constituencies-candidates/article34475287.ece AIADMK retains its stronghold even after shuffling of constituencies, candidates]</ref><ref>[https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bjp-to-kick-off-mission-tamil-nadu-2024-with-jp-naddas-coimbatore-visit-3641003 BJP To Kick Off "Mission Tamil Nadu 2024" With JP Nadda's Coimbatore Visit]</ref><ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/gennext-comes-of-age-in-kovai-cpm/articleshow/11359091.cms GenNext comes of age in Kovai CPM]</ref> The city elects ten members to the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] and one member to the [[Lok Sabha|Indian Parliament]]. The six legislative assembly constituencies in the city are [[Coimbatore North (State Assembly Constituency)|Coimbatore North]], [[Coimbatore South (State Assembly Constituency)|Coimbatore South]], [[Kaundampalayam (State Assembly Constituency)|Kaundampalayam]], [[Singanallur (State Assembly Constituency)|Singanallur]] and [[Thondamuthur (State Assembly Constituency)|Thondamuthur]] and [[Kinathukadavu (State Assembly Constituency)|Kinathukadavu]] which form a part of the [[Coimbatore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Coimbatore Parliamentary Constituency]]. Part of the urban agglomeration comes under the [[Nilgiris (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nilgiris]] and [[Pollachi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pollachi]] constituencies. In the [[Indian general election in Tamil Nadu, 2019|Indian general election]] held in 2019, [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI (M)]] candidate [[P.R. Natarajan]] defeated [[C. P. Radhakrishnan]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] in the Lok Sabha constituency.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf  |title=List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies |access-date=31 January 2013 |work=Tamil Nadu |publisher=Election Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031131000/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf |archive-date=31 October 2008  }}</ref> In the last legislative assembly election held in [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2021]], the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|AIADMK]] led front won in all five assembly constituencies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2011/stat_TN_May2011.pdf|title=Report on General Election to the assembly of Tamil Nadu, 2011|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305020743/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2011/stat_TN_May2011.pdf|archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/tamil-nadu/assembly-constituencies/2011-election-results.html|title=Tamil Nadu Assembly Election Results in 2011|publisher=elections.in|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301230839/http://www.elections.in/tamil-nadu/assembly-constituencies/2011-election-results.html|archive-date=1 March 2016}}</ref>
 
== Economy ==
{{Main|Economy of Coimbatore}}
[[File:Lakshmi Mills, Coimbatore Northern Gate.JPG|thumb|200px|Lakshmi Mills was one of the earliest textile mills in Coimbatore<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/catalyst/when-the-gods-came-down/article5989549.ece|title=When the Gods came down|date=8 May 2014|access-date=7 March 2016|newspaper=[[The Hindu Business Line]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.equitymaster.com/outsideview/detail.asp?date=01/28/2011&story=4&title=Lakshmi-Mills-100-years-old-and-showing-its-age-Luke-Verghese|title=Lakshmi Mills: 100 years old and showing its age|date=8 January 2011|last=Verghese|first=Luke|publisher=equitymaster.com|access-date=7 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311095528/https://www.equitymaster.com/outsideview/detail.asp?date=01%2F28%2F2011&story=4&title=Lakshmi-Mills-100-years-old-and-showing-its-age-Luke-Verghese|archive-date=11 March 2016}}</ref>]]
[[File:TIDELPark Coimbatore.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Coimbatore is one of the largest exporters of software.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/best-cities-2014-favourable-environment-entrepreneurs-coimbatore-on-top/1/402940.html|title=Coimbatore: Rise of the self-made city|last=Chakrapani|first=Saranya|date=20 November 2014|work=[[India Today]]|access-date=7 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307233227/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/best-cities-2014-favourable-environment-entrepreneurs-coimbatore-on-top/1/402940.html|archive-date=7 March 2016}}</ref> Pictured is [[TIDEL Park Coimbatore|TIDEL Park]], an IT SEZ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-01-13/news/27577011_1_tidel-park-coimbatore-elcot-salem-and-hosur|title=Coimbatore gears up for IT revolution, Tidel park to be ready by April end|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=13 January 2010|last=Sujatha|first=S|access-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405001919/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-01-13/news/27577011_1_tidel-park-coimbatore-elcot-salem-and-hosur|archive-date=5 April 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
[[File:codissia-itfc.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[CODISSIA]] Trade Center, Coimbatore]]
[[File:A street scene in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.jpg|thumb|A street scene in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India]]
 
A major hub for manufacturing, education and healthcare in Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore is among the fastest growing [[Classification of Indian cities|tier-II cities in India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pibmumbai.gov.in/scripts/detail.asp?releaseId=E2011IS3|title=Indian Government press release|publisher=Press Information Bureau, Government of India|date=31 October 2011|access-date=31 January 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630112755/http://pibmumbai.gov.in/scripts/detail.asp?releaseId=E2011IS3|archive-date=30 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citymayors.com/statistics/urban_growth1.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125090345/http://citymayors.com/statistics/urban_growth1.html|archive-date=25 November 2010|title=Urban growth statistics}}</ref> It houses more than 25,000 small, medium and large industries with the primary industries being engineering and textiles. Coimbatore is called the "[[Manchester]] of South India" due to its extensive textile industry, fed by the surrounding cotton fields.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/BJP-Working-Hard-for-PM-Modi-Visits-Success/2016/01/28/article3248652.ece|title=BJP Working Hard for PM Modi Visit's Success|access-date=4 March 2016|date=28 January 2016|newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129100448/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/BJP-Working-Hard-for-PM-Modi-Visits-Success/2016/01/28/article3248652.ece|archive-date=29 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=SME sector: Opportunities, challenges in Coimbatore|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/sme-sector-opportunities-challengescoimbatore_525889.html|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=CNBC-TV18|date=24 February 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110311111630/http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/sme-sector-opportunities-challengescoimbatore_525889.html|archive-date=11 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Governor congratulates 'Manchester of South India'|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EMA-AAAAIBAJ&pg=6189,9133960|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=27 June 1936|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904023012/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EMA-AAAAIBAJ&sjid=XkwMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6189,9133960&dq=manchester+of+south+india+coimbatore&hl=en|archive-date=4 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> [[TIDEL Park Coimbatore]] in [[ELCOT]] SEZ was the first [[special economic zone]] (SEZ) set up in 2006.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Bosch-picks-up-1-lakh-sqft-space-in-Kovai/articleshow/7506045.cms|title=Bosch picks up 1-lakh-sqft space in Kovai|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=16 February 2011|access-date=30 August 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110219231939/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Bosch-picks-up-1-lakh-sqft-space-in-Kovai/articleshow/7506045.cms|archive-date=19 February 2011}}</ref> In 2010, Coimbatore ranked 15th in the list of most competitive (by business environment) [[India]]n cities.<ref name="competitive cities">{{Cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-12-06/news/27618641_1_cities-infrastructure-fundamentals-underpinning-economic-growth|title=Delhi tops 2010 ranking of India's most competitive city|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=6 December 2010|access-date=8 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111210021103/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-12-06/news/27618641_1_cities-infrastructure-fundamentals-underpinning-economic-growth|archive-date=10 December 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> Coimbatore also has a {{convert|160000|sqft|m2}} trade fair ground, built in 1999 and is owned by [[CODISSIA]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.intecexpo.com/ |title=About Intec Expo |publisher=Intecexpo.com |access-date=31 January 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923185204/http://www.intecexpo.com/ |archive-date=23 September 2013  }}</ref>
 
Coimbatore region experienced a textile boom in the 1920s and 1930s.<ref name="frontline1" /> Though, Robert Stanes had established Coimbatore's first textile mills as early as the late 19th century, it was during this period that Coimbatore emerged as a prominent industrial centre. In 2009 Coimbatore was home to around 15% of the cotton spinning capacity in India.<ref name="millcapac">{{Cite web|title=Coimbatore textile mills battle the odds|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-corporate/Coimbatore-textile-mills-battle-the-odds/article20074154.ece|website=thehindubusinessline.com|access-date=30 January 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303163300/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-corporate/Coimbatore-textile-mills-battle-the-odds/article20074154.ece|archive-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> Coimbatore has trade associations such as CODISSIA, COINDIA and COJEWEL representing the industries in the city. Coimbatore houses a number of textile mills and is the base of textile research institutes like the [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International School of Textiles & Management]], [[Central Institute for Cotton Research]] (CICR) and the [[South India Textile Research Institute]] (SITRA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sitra.org.in/index.php/sitra-about-us|title=About us, SITRA|publisher=SITRA|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233532/http://www.sitra.org.in/index.php/sitra-about-us|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> [[Kovai Cora Cotton]] saree is a recognised [[Geographical Indications in India|Geographical Indication]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/kovai-kora-cotton-gets-gi-tag/article6190948.ece|title=Kovai Kora cotton gets GI tag|last=Srinivasan|first=G.|date=9 July 2014|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-02-05|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185715/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/kovai-kora-cotton-gets-gi-tag/article6190948.ece|archive-date=5 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/31-ethnic-Indian-products-given-GI-protection-in-0708/292305|title= 31 ethnic Indian products given GI protection|publisher=[[The Financial Express (India)|Financial Express]]|date=4 April 2008|access-date=26 January 2016}}</ref>
 
Coimbatore is the second largest producer of software in the state, next to capital Chennai. [[TIDEL Park Coimbatore]] and other [[Information technology]] parks in the city has aided in the growth of [[Information technology|IT]] and [[Business process outsourcing]] industries in the city. It is ranked at 17th among the top global outsourcing cities by Tholons.<ref name="Outsourcing cities">{{Cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/quickiearticleshow/3566253.cms |title=Indian cities among global outsourcing cities |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |access-date=23 September 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303211736/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/quickiearticleshow/3566253.cms |archive-date=3 March 2009  }}</ref> Software exports stood at {{INRConvert|7.1|b}} for the financial year 2009–10 up 90% from the previous year.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bosch picks up 1 lakh sqft space in Coimbatore|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Bosch-picks-up-1-lakh-sqft-space-in-Coimbatore/articleshow/7489934.cms|access-date=14 February 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=14 February 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110219012055/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Bosch-picks-up-1-lakh-sqft-space-in-Coimbatore/articleshow/7489934.cms|archive-date=19 February 2011}}</ref> Coimbatore has a large and diversified manufacturing sector and a number of engineering colleges producing about 50,000 engineers annually.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/story/coimbatore-it-sector-on-the-fast-track/1/136030.html |title=Coimbatore: IT sector on the fast track |work=[[India Today]]|date=22 April 2011|access-date=30 August 2011}}</ref> Due to huge demand from IT Companies for space at Coimbatore, TIDEL Park Coimbatore-Phase-II is planned to be built within ELCOT SEZ on an additional 9 acres of land with 5 Lakh sq.feet space at ₹ 250 crores. TICEL Bio-Park III, a Bio-Technology Park is being constructed in 10 acres of land at Somayampalayam, Coimbatore.
 
Coimbatore is a major centre for the manufacture of automotive components in India with car manufacturers [[Maruti Udyog]] and [[Tata Motors]] sourcing up to 30%, of their automotive components from the city. [[Gopalswamy Doraiswamy Naidu|G.D. Naidu]] developed India's first indigenous motor in 1937.<ref name="Genius">{{Cite news|title=A non-conformist genius Architects of Coimbatore|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/10/stories/2009011050160200.htm|access-date=31 January 2013|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=10 January 2009|location=Coimbatore, India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130803171033/http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/10/stories/2009011050160200.htm|archive-date=3 August 2013}}</ref> India's first indigenously developed diesel engine for cars was manufactured in the city in 1972. The city is also a major centre for small auto component makers catering to the automobile industry, from personal to commercial and farm vehicles.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/coimbatores-small-auto-component-makers-find-the-going-tough/article5608873.ece|title=Coimbatore's small auto component makers find the going tough|last=Yegya Narayanan|first=R|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031054/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/coimbatores-small-auto-component-makers-find-the-going-tough/article5608873.ece|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref> The city contributes to about 75% of the 1 lakh total monthly output of wet grinders in India.<ref name="mint">{{Cite news|url=http://www.livemint.com/Industry/r8UaiAN7APhsLubxdYWgOL/Poll-code-set-to-hit-business-of-Coimbatores-wetgrinder-ma.html|title=Poll code set to hit wet grinders business|newspaper=Live Mint|date=6 August 2015|access-date=20 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150820234015/http://www.livemint.com/Industry/r8UaiAN7APhsLubxdYWgOL/Poll-code-set-to-hit-business-of-Coimbatores-wetgrinder-ma.html|archive-date=20 August 2015}}</ref> The industry employs 70,000 people and had a yearly turnover of {{INRconvert|2800|c}} in 2015.<ref name="mint" /> The term "[[Coimbatore Wet Grinder]]" has been given a [[Geographical indication]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/03/24/stories/2005032401051700.htm|title=Wet grinder units form group to get SIDBI aid|date=24 March 2005|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|access-date=20 September 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712134027/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/03/24/stories/2005032401051700.htm|archive-date=12 July 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/05/stories/2007080559430300.htm|title=Common facility for wet grinders|date=5 August 2007|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=20 September 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328085217/http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/05/stories/2007080559430300.htm|archive-date=28 March 2008}}</ref>
 
Coimbatore is also referred to as "the Pump City" as it supplies nearly 50% of India's requirements of motors and pumps.<ref name="Pump">{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/Poor-sales-hit-pump-unit-owners-workers/articleshow/47423911.cms|title=Poor sales hit pump unit owners, workers|access-date=28 June 2015|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|date=26 May 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150604112159/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/Poor-sales-hit-pump-unit-owners-workers/articleshow/47423911.cms|archive-date=4 June 2015}}</ref> Coimbatores largest pump manufacturer CRI pumps,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Revathy|first=L. N.|title=CRI Pumps setting up US, Mexican subsidiaries, plants|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/cri-pumps-setting-up-us-mexican-subsidiaries-plants/article28322970.ece|access-date=2021-04-03|website=@businessline|language=en}}</ref> contributes a lot towards the "pump city" status of coimbatore. The city is one of the largest exporters of jewellery renowned for diamond cutting, cast and machine made jewellery.<ref name="Jewellery">{{Cite news|url=http://www.resourceinvestor.com/News/2007/8/Pages/India-s-Gems-and-Jewellery-Market-is-Glittering.aspx|title=India's Gems and Jewellery Market is Glittering|work=Resource Investor|access-date=30 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926235942/http://www.resourceinvestor.com/News/2007/8/Pages/India-s-Gems-and-Jewellery-Market-is-Glittering.aspx|archive-date=26 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.fashionunited.in/news/apparel/kirtilal-on-an-expansion-spree-080720112229|title=Kirtilal on an expansion spree|work=Fashion United|date=8 July 2011|access-date=30 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326185405/http://www.fashionunited.in/news/apparel/kirtilal-on-an-expansion-spree-080720112229|archive-date=26 March 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.resourceinvestor.com/News/2007/8/Pages/India-s-Gems-and-Jewellery-Market-is-Glittering.aspx|title=India's gems and jewellery market is glittering|publisher=Resource Investor|access-date=30 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926235942/http://www.resourceinvestor.com/News/2007/8/Pages/India-s-Gems-and-Jewellery-Market-is-Glittering.aspx|archive-date=26 September 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nmcc.nic.in/pdf/LABOURINTENSITY_REPORT_16May2008.pdf|title=Labor intensity report|publisher=National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council (NMCC)|access-date=28 June 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325181715/http://nmcc.nic.in/pdf/LABOURINTENSITY_REPORT_16May2008.pdf|archive-date=25 March 2012}}</ref> There are about 3,000 jewellery manufacturers employing over 40,000 goldsmiths.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/08/17/stories/2010081761890200.htm|title=Common facilities for jewellery cluster|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 August 2010|access-date=30 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821234206/http://www.hindu.com/2010/08/17/stories/2010081761890200.htm|archive-date=21 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article573945.ece|title=ID card mooted for migrant workers in jewellery units|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=16 August 2010|access-date=30 August 2011|first=V. S.|last=Palaniappan|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414201143/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article573945.ece|archive-date=14 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-marketing/article1668723.ece|title=Kirtilal plans more jewellery stores in N. India|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=8 September 2007|access-date=30 August 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031054/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-marketing/article1668723.ece|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref>
 
Coimbatore has a large number of poultry farms and is a major producer of chicken eggs. The city contributes to nearly 95% of processed chicken meat exports.<ref name="Poultry">{{Cite news|url=http://archive.financialexpress.com/news/tamil-nadu-poultry-industry-seeks-export-concessions/88614|title=Tamil Nadu Poultry Industry Seeks Export Concessions|newspaper=[[The Financial Express (India)|Financial Express]]|access-date=28 March 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402114342/http://archive.financialexpress.com/news/tamil-nadu-poultry-industry-seeks-export-concessions/88614|archive-date=2 April 2015}}</ref> Coimbatore has some of the country's oldest flour mills and these mills which cater to all the southern states, have a combined grinding capacity of more than 50,000 MT per month. The hospitality industry has seen a growth in the 21st century with new upscale hotels being set up.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2453287.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|first=Pankaja|last=Srinivasan|title=Suite promises|date=14 September 2011|access-date=30 August 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224183930/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2453287.ece|archive-date=24 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-09-11/news/30142352_1_starwood-hotels-aloft-hotels-rooms-with-nine-foot-ceilings|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|title=Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide plans more Aloft hotels in India|date=11 September 2011|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120130085940/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-09-11/news/30142352_1_starwood-hotels-aloft-hotels-rooms-with-nine-foot-ceilings|archive-date=30 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2455731.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|first=Nithya|last=Sivashankar|title=For the young and restless|date=15 September 2011|access-date=31 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120824114519/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2455731.ece|archive-date=24 August 2012}}</ref> Coimbatore is the largest non-metro city for [[e-commerce]] in South India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.siliconindia.com/shownews/Tier_II_And_III_Cities_Driving_ECommerce_In_India-nid-100509-cid-100.html|title=Tier II And III Cities Driving E-Commerce in India|work=Siliconindia.com|date=15 December 2011|access-date=31 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116210608/http://www.siliconindia.com/shownews/Tier_II_And_III_Cities_Driving_ECommerce_In_India-nid-100509-cid-100.html|archive-date=16 January 2013}}</ref>
 
== Culture ==
{{Main|Culture of Coimbatore}}  Coimbatore and its people have a reputation for entrepreneurship.<ref name="mc1">{{Cite news|title=Is Coimbatore the next BPO city?|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/is-coimbatorenext-bpo-city_345659.html|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[CNBC]]-TV18|date=5 July 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119044052/http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/is-coimbatorenext-bpo-city_345659.html|archive-date=19 January 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=German state keen to share expertise with Coimbatore|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/01/22/stories/2007012200821500.htm|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=22 June 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108142152/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/01/22/stories/2007012200821500.htm|archive-date=8 January 2009}}</ref> Though it is generally considered a traditional city, Coimbatore is diverse and cosmopolitan.<ref name="mc1" /><ref name="et1" /><ref name="The Times of India">{{Cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-14/coimbatore/30515319_1_music-lovers-music-academy-music-festival | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126054133/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-14/coimbatore/30515319_1_music-lovers-music-academy-music-festival | url-status=dead | archive-date=26 January 2013 | newspaper=[[The Times of India]] | title=Some music lovers still travel to Chennai for cultural overdoze | date=14 December 2011|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> The [[World Classical Tamil Conference 2010]] was held in Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/world-tamil-conference-begins-on-wed-in-coimbatore-33198| title=World Tamil Conference begins on Wed in Coimbatore| publisher=NDTV| date=22 June 2010| access-date=22 June 2010| url-status=live| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625044115/http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/world-tamil-conference-begins-on-wed-in-coimbatore-33198| archive-date=25 June 2010| df=dmy-all}}</ref> The heavy industrialisation of the city has also resulted in the growth of trade unions.<ref name="fl1">{{Cite news|title=A time of troubles|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1505/15050170.htm|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=Frontline|date=7 March 1998|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607060308/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1505/15050170.htm|archive-date=7 June 2011}}</ref>
 
=== Language ===
[[Tamil language|Tamil]] is the official language and [[Kongu Tamil]] (also called ''Kangee'' or ''Kongalam''), a dialect, is predominantly spoken.<ref>{{Cite book|quote=In the southern part of Mysore the Tamil language is at this day named the Kangee, from being best known to them as the language of the people of Kangiam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e7c9AAAAMAAJ&q=kangiam+mysore|title=Toponomy of Canara|page=34|year=1963|publisher=University of Michigan|last=Silva|first=Severine}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KlYIAAAAQAAJ&q=congoo+country&pg=PT69|title=Tamil̲umaiṅakilēcumāyirukakir̲a akarāti|last1=Poezold|first1=F|last2=Simpson|first2=William|publisher=Oxford University|edition=2nd|year=1809}}</ref> Coimbatore also has a significant number of [[Telugu people|Telugus]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=Census of India, 1971: Tamil Nadu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gXBAAAAAMAAJ&q=coimbatore+telugu|work=Government of India|year=1979|pages=88–89|last=Chockalingam|first=K}}</ref> [[Kannada]],<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/kannadigas-outnumber-malayalis-21-in-tamil-nadu/articleshow/2952062.cms|title=Kannadigas outnumber Malayalis 2:1 in Tamil Nadu – Times of India|work=The Times of India|access-date=2008-11-25}}</ref> [[Malayali]]s,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Rajan|first=M.C.|title=It's passion for the mother tongue not chauvinism|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/story/It%27s+passion+for+the+mother+tongue+not+chauvinism/1/82836.html|access-date=23 April 2011|newspaper=[[India Today]]|date=7 February 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110415005516/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/story/It%27s+passion+for+the+mother+tongue+not+chauvinism/1/82836.html|archive-date=15 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Majority should protect the minority|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article28748.ece|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=4 October 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031054/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article28748.ece|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Keralites' wishes take flight on Paramount's wings|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/keralites--wishes-take-flight-on-paramount-s-wings/383037/|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=8 November 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308080730/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/keralites--wishes-take-flight-on-paramount-s-wings/383037/|archive-date=8 March 2016}}</ref> and [[North India]]ns,<ref name="et1">{{Cite news|title=Residential space: Coimbatore spins a growth story|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/features/the-sunday-et/property/Residential-space-Coimbatore-spins-a-growth-story/articleshow/5454373.cms|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=17 January 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126021920/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Features/The-Sunday-ET/Property/Residential-space-Coimbatore-spins-a-growth-story/articleshow/5454373.cms|archive-date=26 January 2010}}</ref> mainly [[Gujarati language|Gujaratis]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Providing quality education|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/24/stories/2006092404010200.htm|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 September 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110117155617/http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/24/stories/2006092404010200.htm|archive-date=17 January 2011}}</ref> As per the 2011 census, Tamil is the most spoken language with 710,326 speakers, followed by [[Telugu language|Telugu]] (173,136),
[[Kannada language|Kannada]] (102,000), [[Malayalam]] (76,485). Other languages spoken in the city include [[Urdu]] (15,484) and [[Hindi]] (13,608).<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16_Town.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref><ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com" /> During the 1970s the city witnessed a population explosion as a result of migration fuelled by increased economic growth and job opportunities.<ref name="pop2">{{Cite book|title=GIS: Fundamentals, Applications and Implementations|last=Elangovan|first=K|isbn=978-81-89422-16-5|page=143|publisher=New India Publishing|year=2006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Urban labour market structure and job access in India: a study of Coimbatore|year=1990|publisher=International Institute for Labour Studies, Centre for Development Studies, University of East Anglia|isbn=978-92-9014-468-7|pages=4–7|first1=John|last1=Harriss| first2=Kappadath Parameswara|last2=Kannan|first3=Gerry|last3=Rodgers}}</ref>
 
=== Religion ===
{{bar box|title=Religion in Coimbatore (2011)<ref name=religion2011 />|titlebar=#FCD116|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=right|bars={{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Tamil Nadu|Hindu]]|darkorange|83.3}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam|Muslim]]|Green|8.6}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|purple|7.5}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|grey|0.6}}}}
The city's population is predominantly [[Hindu]] with minority [[Muslim]] and [[Christians|Christian]] population. [[Jain]]s, [[Sikh]]s and [[Buddhist]]s are also present in small numbers.<ref name="pca2001">{{Cite web|title=Primary Census Abstract – Census 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3331_PART_B_DCHB_COIMBATORE.pdf|work=Directorate of Census Operations – Tamil Nadu|publisher=[[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|year=2011|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509064438/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3331_PART_B_DCHB_COIMBATORE.pdf|archive-date=9 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=KMK plans to overcome casteist tag|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/05/20/stories/2009052054210500.htm|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=20 May 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090606113031/http://www.hindu.com/2009/05/20/stories/2009052054210500.htm|archive-date=6 June 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Roots of capital|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2514/stories/20080718251407800.htm|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=Frontline|date=5 July 2008|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100623101613/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2514/stories/20080718251407800.htm|archive-date=23 June 2010}}</ref> According to the religious census of 2011, Coimbatore has 83.31% Hindus, 8.63% Muslims, 7.53% Christians, 0.28% Jains, 0.05% Sikhs, 0.02% Buddhists and 0.01% Others. 0.17% of the respondents did not state their religion.<ref name=religion2011>{{Cite web|title=Population By Religious Community – Tamil Nadu|year=2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|format=XLS|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|access-date=13 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913045700/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|archive-date=13 September 2015}}</ref>
 
The [[Mariamman]] festivals at the city's numerous [[Mariamman]] temples are major events in summer.<ref name="Koniamman">{{Cite news|title=Rajagopuram for Kovai Koniamman temple too|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/article253830.ece|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=2 March 2010|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093640/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/article253830.ece|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> Major Hindu temples in the city include the [[Perur Temple|Perur Patteeswarar Temple]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/fr/2005/05/27/stories/2005052700390300.htm|title=Rich in history and architecture|date=27 May 2005|last=Suryanarayanan|first=R|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=9 March 2016}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> [[Naga Sai Mandir]],<ref>{{Cite book|last=R |first=Balapattabi|date=1 August 2006|title=Nectarine Leelas of Bhagawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba |publisher=Sai Towers|page=108|isbn=978-81-7899-009-5}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=N|first=Kasthuri|date=16 April 2014|title=Sathyam Shivam Sundaram – Volume 1|publisher=Sri Sathya Sai Sadhana Trust|isbn=978-93-5069-170-0}}</ref> [[Koniamman Temple]],<ref name="Koniamman" /> [[Thandu Mariamman Temple]],<ref>{{Cite news|title=Traffic diversions for temple festival tomorrow|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/traffic-diversions-for-temple-festival-tomorrow/article7124256.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 April 2014|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222000807/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/traffic-diversions-for-temple-festival-tomorrow/article7124256.ece|archive-date=22 December 2016}}</ref> [[Eachanari Vinayagar Temple]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eachanarivinayagar.tnhrce.in/contactus.html|title=About us, Eachanari Vinayagar Temple|access-date=9 March 2016|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309202018/http://www.eachanarivinayagar.tnhrce.in/contactus.html|archive-date=9 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://temple.dinamalar.com/New.php?id=688|title=Eachanari Vinayagar Temple|access-date=9 March 2016|language=ta|newspaper=[[Dinamalar]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309192245/http://temple.dinamalar.com/New.php?id=688|archive-date=9 March 2016}}</ref> [[Ranganathaswamy temple, Karamadai|Karamadai Ranganathaswamy Temple]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=Spiritual India Handbook|publisher=Jaico Publishing House|year=2009|isbn=978-81-8495-024-3|last=Knapp|first=Stephen|pages=428–30}}</ref> [[Marudamalai]] Murugan Temple,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/Domestic-tourism-flourishes-in-Coimbatore-district/articleshow/49123082.cms|title=Domestic tourism flourishes in Coimbatore district|last=Subburaj|first=A|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|date=27 September 2015|access-date=9 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612073124/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/Domestic-tourism-flourishes-in-Coimbatore-district/articleshow/49123082.cms|archive-date=12 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/thai-poosam-celebrated-with-fervour/article6854491.ece|title=Thai Poosam celebrated with fervourt|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=4 February 2015|access-date=9 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222000803/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/thai-poosam-celebrated-with-fervour/article6854491.ece|archive-date=22 December 2016}}</ref> [[Loga Nayaga Shaniswara Temple]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://epaper.dailythanthi.com/showxml.aspx?id=16502117&code=1563|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141218083010/http://epaper.dailythanthi.com/showxml.aspx?id=16502117&code=1563|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2014|title=Shani peyarchi celebrated in Shiva temples|language=ta|access-date=9 March 2016|date=16 December 2014|newspaper=[[Dina Thanthi]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://epaper.dinamani.com/397254/Dinamani-Coimbatore/17122014#page/3/2|title=Shani peyarchi celebrated in Puliakulam temple|language=ta|access-date=9 March 2016|date=17 December 2014|newspaper=[[Dinamani]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310180851/http://epaper.dinamani.com/397254/Dinamani-Coimbatore/17122014#page/3/2|archive-date=10 March 2016}}</ref> [[Ashtamsa Varadha Anjaneyar Temple]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=475|title=Sri Ashtamsa Varadha Anjaneyar Temple|newspaper=[[Dinamalar]]|language=ta|access-date=29 March 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402101255/http://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=475|archive-date=2 April 2015}}</ref> [[Masani Amman]] Temple.<ref name="dupref">{{Cite news|last=Rangaswamy|first=Sudhakshina|title=Transformation of the inner Self|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/07/25/stories/2003072501630600.htm|access-date=4 June 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=25 July 2003|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109234053/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/07/25/stories/2003072501630600.htm|archive-date=9 November 2012}}</ref> The mosques on Oppanakara Street and Big Bazaar Street date back to the 18th century CE.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Madras District Gazetteers: Coimbatore|year=1966|last=Baliga|first=B.S.|publisher=Superintendent, Government Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JhxuAAAAMAAJ&q=coimbatore+tipu+sultan+mosque}}</ref> [[Christian missions]] date back to the 17th century when permission was granted by the [[Nayak dynasty|Nayak]] rulers to set up churches in the region.<ref>{{Cite book|title=When the Goddess was a Woman|last=Hiltebeitel|first=Alf|page=388|year=2011|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-19380-2}}</ref> Sikh [[Gurudwara]]s and Jain temples are also present in Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/This-road-leads-to-Kovais-only-gurdwara/articleshow/32940179.cms|title=This road leads to Kovai's only gurdwara|date=30 March 2014|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003095329/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/This-road-leads-to-Kovais-only-gurdwara/articleshow/32940179.cms|archive-date=3 October 2016}}</ref>
 
=== Cuisine ===
{{See also|Tamil cuisine}}
Coimbatore cuisine is predominantly [[south Indian]] with rice as its base. Most local restaurants still retain their rural flavor, with many restaurants serving food over a banana leaf.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Serving on a banana leaf |url=http://www.iskconhighertaste.com/served-on-a-banana/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114232758/http://www.iskconhighertaste.com/served-on-a-banana/ |archive-date=14 January 2016 |access-date=1 January 2016 |publisher=ISCKON }}</ref> Eating on a banana leaf is an old custom and imparts a unique flavor to the food and is considered healthy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/health/healthyliving/the-benefits-of-eating-food-on-banana-leaves-242512.html|title=The Benefits of Eating Food on Banana Leaves|work=India Times|date=9 March 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307041415/http://www.indiatimes.com/health/healthyliving/the-benefits-of-eating-food-on-banana-leaves-242512.html|archive-date=7 March 2016}}</ref> [[Indian cuisine|North Indian]], [[Chinese cuisine|Chinese]] and [[Continental breakfast|continental]] cuisines are also available. [[Idly]], [[Dosa (food)|dosa]], [[paniyaram]] and [[appam]] are popular dishes.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/snack-street-combines-taste-of-street-food-with-hygiene-of-restaurant/article4930415.ece|title=Snack Street combines taste of street food with hygiene of restaurant|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 July 2013|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221211858/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/snack-street-combines-taste-of-street-food-with-hygiene-of-restaurant/article4930415.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Achaya|first=K.T.|title=The story of our food|date=1 November 2003 |publisher=Universities Press|isbn=978-81-7371-293-7|page=80}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/seta/2004/10/21/stories/2004102100111600.htm |title=Changes in the Indian menu over the ages |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=21 October 2014 |last=Balasubramanian |first=D |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414204643/http://www.thehindu.com/seta/2004/10/21/stories/2004102100111600.htm |archive-date=14 April 2016  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/kovakkai-kongunadu-and-quizzing/article1152872.ece|title=Kovakkai, Kongunadu and Quizzing|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=3 February 2011|access-date=1 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031055/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/kovakkai-kongunadu-and-quizzing/article1152872.ece|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref>
 
Coimbatore has an active street food culture and various cuisine options for dining. ''Arisi paruppu sadam'' and ''sambar sadam'', made from a mixture of dal and rice, is a recipe that existed from the 4th century CE that is unique to the area. Ariseemparuppu or arisi paruppu satham (literally translated as Rice and dal) originated from Coimbatore and the people of the city celebrate January 8 as national Aruseemparuppu day, after given light by a popular influencer and food consultant.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/food/food-reviews/Taste-some-cuisine-from-Kongunadu/articleshow/6067619.cms|title=Taste some cuisine from Kongunadu|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|first=Rema|last=Nagarajan|date=26 March 2011|access-date=14 May 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809003636/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/food/food-reviews/Taste-some-cuisine-from-Kongunadu/articleshow/6067619.cms|archive-date=9 August 2017}}</ref> ''Kaalaan'' is a popular dish prepared by simmering deep-fried mushrooms (usually chopped) in a spicy broth until it reaches a porridge-like consistency; the dish is served sprinkled with chopped onions and coriander leaves.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/society/a-rainy-day/article4054482.ece|title=A rainy day|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=2 November 2012|last=Kannadasan|first=Akila|access-date=7 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/a-taste-of-tradition/article4756166.ece|title=A taste of tradition|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=27 May 2013|access-date=1 October 2015|last=Nath|first=Parthasarathy|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221223236/http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/a-taste-of-tradition/article4756166.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> ''Chaats'' made from potatoes and a mix of other vegetables and spices are also popular.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.treebo.com/blog/street-food-in-coimbatore/|title=Street Food in Coimbatore, 10 Best Food Places in Coimbatore – Treebo|date=17 December 2017|website=Treebo Blog|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525162545/https://www.treebo.com/blog/street-food-in-coimbatore/|archive-date=25 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
=== Arts ===
[[Swamikannu Vincent]], who had built the first cinema of [[south India]] in Coimbatore, introduced the concept of ''Tent Cinema'' in which a tent was erected on an open land to screen the films.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2010/04/30/stories/2010043051340400.htm|title=He brought cinema to South|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=26 September 2011|location=Chennai, India|date=30 April 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202215242/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2010/04/30/stories/2010043051340400.htm|archive-date=2 February 2012}}</ref><ref name="Swamikannu">{{Cite news | url=http://o3.indiatimes.com/brahmanyan/archive/2007/09/21/4783241.aspx | title=Brahmanyan | newspaper=[[The Times of India]] | date=21 July 2007 | access-date=4 March 2016 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630202911/http://o3.indiatimes.com/brahmanyan/archive/2007/09/21/4783241.aspx | archive-date=30 June 2015 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> [[Central Studios]] was set up in 1935 while [[S. M. Sriramulu Naidu]] established [[Pakshiraja Studios]] in 1945.<ref name="reeltime">{{Cite news|title=Reel-time nostalgia|author=M. Allirajan|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 November 2003|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/11/17/stories/2003111700890100.htm|location=Chennai, India|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109071506/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/11/17/stories/2003111700890100.htm|archive-date=9 November 2012}}</ref> The city conducts its own music festival every year.<ref name="The Times of India" /> Art, dance and music concerts are held annually during the months of September and December (Tamil calendar month – Margazhi).<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-14/coimbatore/30515339_1_concerts-offer-coimbatore-artistes | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120719000313/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-14/coimbatore/30515339_1_concerts-offer-coimbatore-artistes | url-status=dead | archive-date=19 July 2012 | newspaper=[[The Times of India]] | title=In December, all the city's a stage | date=14 December 2011|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> Coimbatore also houses a number of museums and art galleries like [[G. D. Naidu Industrial Exhibition|G.D. Naidu Museum & Industrial Exhibition]], H A [[Gass Forest Museum]], Government Museum, Kadhi Gandhi Gallery and Kasthuri Srinivasan Art Gallery and Textile Museum.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The natural witness|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2009/10/19/stories/2009101950030100.htm|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 October 2009|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107222546/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2009/10/19/stories/2009101950030100.htm|archive-date=7 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Gass Forest Museum to be reopened|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/gass-forest-museum-to-be-reopened/article1785707.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 January 2007|access-date=8 August 2010}}</ref>
 
== Transport ==
{{Main|Transport in Coimbatore}}
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|caption1 = [[Coimbatore International Airport]]
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|caption2 = [[Coimbatore Junction railway station]]
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|caption3 = Coimbatore New Bus Stand
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|caption4 = An intra-city bus operated by [[Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation]]
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|caption5 = Avinashi Road, one of the arterial roads in the city
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|caption6 = Sungam bypass flyover above [[Ukkadam-Valankulam Lake]]
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=== Air ===
{{Main|Coimbatore International Airport}}
The city is served by the [[Coimbatore International Airport]] at [[Peelamedu]] {{convert|15|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the city centre. The airport commenced operations in 1940 as a civil aerodrome with [[Indian Airlines]] operating [[Fokker F27]], [[Douglas DC-3]] and later [[Hawker Siddeley HS 748]] aircraft. The then [[Prime Minister of India]] [[Manmohan Singh]] declared the [[Government of India|government]]'s intention to upgrade the Coimbatore Airport to International status in a meeting with senior ministers on 6 June 2012<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/pms-growth-agenda-new-airports-mumbai-ahmedabad-bullet-train-228203|title=Prime Minister holds infrastructure meet, but Mukul Roy is missing|work=[[NDTV]]|date=6 June 2012|access-date=13 June 2012|quote=Prime Minister said this year will see a series of new projects being commissioned, including international airports for Lucknow, Varanasi, Coimbatore, Trichy and Gaya}}</ref> and it was granted the status of international airport by the Union Cabinet on 2 October 2012.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cabinet grants international airport status to five airports|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/transportation/airlines-/-aviation/cabinet-grants-international-airport-status-to-five-airports/articleshow/16673279.cms|date=4 October 2012|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|location=New Delhi|access-date=4 October 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303163612/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/transportation/airlines-/-aviation/cabinet-grants-international-airport-status-to-five-airports/articleshow/16673279.cms|archive-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> The airport is operated by [[Airports Authority of India]] and caters to domestic flights to major Indian cities and international flights to [[Sharjah (emirate)|Sharjah]], [[Singapore]] and [[Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/article1723859.ece|title=It's now a buzzing airport!|access-date=1 August 2015|date=4 February 2006|last=G|first=Gurumurthy|newspaper=[[The Hindu Business Line]]}}</ref> {{As of|2014}}-15, the airport was the [[List of busiest airports in India by passenger traffic|15th largest]] airport in India in terms of total aircraft movement, 18th largest in terms of passengers handled and 13th largest in terms of cargo handled.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aai.aero/traffic_news/Mar2k15annex3.pdf|title=Traffic Statistics-2015|publisher=AAI|access-date=7 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518083223/http://www.aai.aero/traffic_news/mar2k15annex3.pdf|archive-date=18 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aai.aero/traffic_news/Mar2k15annex2.pdf|title=Aircraft Movements-2015|publisher=AAI|access-date=7 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708053343/http://www.aai.aero/traffic_news/mar2k15annex2.pdf|archive-date=8 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aai.aero/traffic_news/Mar2k15annex4.pdf|title=Cargo Statistics-2015|publisher=AAI|access-date=7 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708052343/http://www.aai.aero/traffic_news/mar2k15annex4.pdf|archive-date=8 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/coimbatore-sees-growth-in-air-passenger-traffic/article6863100.ece |title=Coimbatore sees growth in air passenger traffic |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=6 February 2015 |access-date=6 February 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031054/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/coimbatore-sees-growth-in-air-passenger-traffic/article6863100.ece |archive-date=17 October 2015  }}</ref> It has a single runway, which is {{convert|9760|ft|m}} in length and is capable of handling large aircraft.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/20/stories/2008042057760100.htm |title=Extended runway ready at Coimbatore Airport |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=20 April 2008 |access-date=23 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217040303/http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/20/stories/2008042057760100.htm |archive-date=17 February 2009  }}</ref> [[Air Carnival]], a private airline commenced its operations in 2016 with the Coimbatore International Airport as its hub.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/article/companies/air-carnival-sees-no-air-pockets-to-launch-by-april/24682/|title=Air Carnival sees no air pockets, to launch by April|date=31 December 2014|newspaper=[[The Financial Express (India)|Financial Express]]|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111905/http://www.financialexpress.com/article/companies/air-carnival-sees-no-air-pockets-to-launch-by-april/24682/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> [[PlanetX Aerospace]] operates private helicopter rides from Coimbatore to popular tourist hotspots nearby including [[Munnar]] in [[Kerala]] and [[Kodagu district|Coorg]] in [[Karnataka]]. {{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}
 
[[Sulur Air Force Station]], located at [[Kangayampalayam]] is an air base operated by the [[Indian Air Force]] and accommodates [[Antonov An-32]] heavy air lifter aircraft, [[Mil Mi-8]] transport helicopters and the [[HAL Dhruv]] helicopters of the [[Sarang display team|Sarang helicopter display team]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/air-fest-the-flight-of-the-peacock/article7520652.ece|title=Air Fest: The flight of the Peacock|date=10 August 2015|access-date=4 March 2016|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|last=Srinivasan|first=Pankaja|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221183601/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/air-fest-the-flight-of-the-peacock/article7520652.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> The first squadron of ingeniously built [[HAL Tejas]] will be inducted at Sulur AFS and [[Sukhoi Su-30MKI]] aircraft were stationed at the base by 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/175226/iaf-begins-establishing-first-lca.html|title=IAF begins establishing first LCA squadron|newspaper=Deccan Herald|date=30 May 2012|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220172310/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/175226/iaf-begins-establishing-first-lca.html|archive-date=20 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Sukhoi-30 MKI aircraft for Sulur IAF station by 2016|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/sukhoi30-mki-aircraft-for-sulur-iaf-station-by-2016/article4190345.ece|access-date=22 January 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=12 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107152642/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/sukhoi30-mki-aircraft-for-sulur-iaf-station-by-2016/article4190345.ece|archive-date=7 January 2014}}</ref>
 
=== Rail ===
{{Main|Railway stations in Coimbatore}}
Train service in Coimbatore started in 1861, upon the construction of the [[Podanur]] – [[Madras]] line connecting Kerala and the west coast with the rest of India.<ref>{{Cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-hist.html| title = IR History – Early days| publisher = IRFCA| access-date = 23 December 2013| url-status = live| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050307181407/http://irfca.org/faq/faq-hist.html| archive-date = 7 March 2005| df = dmy-all}}</ref> Coimbatore lies on the [[Coimbatore – Shoranur railway line|Coimbatore – Chennai]] {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} [[broad gauge]] railway line and the city falls under the [[Salem railway division|Salem division]] of the [[Southern Railway zone]] of [[Indian Railways]]. The major railway station is the [[Coimbatore Junction railway station|Coimbatore Junction]] which is the second-largest income generating station in the Southern Railway zone after [[Chennai Central]] and is amongst the top hundred booking stations of Indian Railways.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indianrail.gov.in/7days_Avl.html |title=Indian Railways Passenger Reservation Enquiry |work=Availability in trains for Top 100 Booking Stations of Indian Railways |publisher=Indian Railways |access-date=23 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140510115649/http://www.indianrail.gov.in/7days_Avl.html |archive-date=10 May 2014  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.raac.co.in/railway.php|title=Railways in Coimbatore|publisher=raac.co.in|access-date=6 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084528/http://www.raac.co.in/railway.php|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/coimbatore-junction-neglected/article2413499.ece|title=Coimbatore Junction neglected|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=31 August 2011|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221224314/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/coimbatore-junction-neglected/article2413499.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> Other major railway stations catering to the city include [[Coimbatore North Junction railway station|Coimbatore North Junction]], [[Podanur Junction railway station|Podanur Junction]] and minor stations at [[Pilamedu railway station|Peelamedu]], [[Singanallur railway station|Singanallur]], [[Irugur Junction railway station|Irugur Junction]], [[Periyanaickenpalayam railway station|Perianaikanpalayam]], [[Madukkarai railway station|Madukkarai]], [[Somanur railway station|Somanur]] and [[Sulur Road railway station|Sulur]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/01/26/stories/2004012609450300.htm |title=Trains to be diverted near Coimbatore |date=26 January 2004 |access-date=27 June 2013 |location=Chennai, India |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041227131739/http://www.hindu.com/2004/01/26/stories/2004012609450300.htm |archive-date=27 December 2004  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/podanur-junction-ptj/432 |title=Podanur Junction |publisher=Indian Rail Info |access-date=9 September 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906185804/http://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/podanur-junction-ptj/432 |archive-date=6 September 2013  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/will-coimbatores-gain-be-podanurs-loss/article3513609.ece | location=Chennai, India | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | first=V.S. | last=Palaniappan | title=Will Coimbatore's gain be Podanur's loss? | date=11 June 2012 | access-date=4 March 2016 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221223249/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/will-coimbatores-gain-be-podanurs-loss/article3513609.ece | archive-date=21 December 2016 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> The city is located near the railhead for the [[Nilgiri Mountain Railway]], a UNESCO World heritage site and mountain railway which goes to the hill station of [[Ooty]].
 
==== Metro rail ====
{{Main|Coimbatore Metro}}
The [[Government of India|Central Government]] proposed a [[Rapid transit|metro rail]] system for 16 tier-2 cities in [[India]] including Coimbatore in 2010. While the [[Government of Tamilnadu]] in 2011, shelved in favour of a [[monorail]]. Coimbatore Railway Struggle Committee has also protested to implement metro rail project in Coimbatore. In 2013, [[E. Sreedharan]] made survey and announced metro rail as suitable transport for Coimbatore
 
In 2017, the Tamil Nadu Government proposed a metro for the city of Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/tamil-nadu-coimbatore-to-get-metro-second-phase-of-chennai-metro-worth-rs-88897-cr-cleared-3830313.html|title=Coimbatore to get metro|publisher=TheFirst Post |access-date=19 July 2019}}</ref> The Systra group was involved to do the feasibility and finalize the routes in the proposed metro rail. The CMRL proposed five corridors in [[Coimbatore Metro]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/feasibility-report-ready-for-6683-crore-coimbatore-metro-rail/article33912064.ece|title=Feasibility report ready for ₹6,683 crore Coimbatore Metro Rail |website=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=23 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[Ukkadam Bus Terminus]] to Kaniyur
*[[Ukkadam Bus Terminus]] to Bilichi
*[[Karanampettai]] to Thaneer Panthal
*Ganeshapuram to Karunya Nagar
*[[Ukkadam Bus Terminus]] to [[Coimbatore Integrated Bus Terminus]]
 
=== Road ===
There are six major arterial roads in the city: [[Avinashi Road, Coimbatore|Avinashi Road]], [[Trichy Road, Coimbatore|Trichy Road]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/coimbatore-city-getting-ready-for-flyover-works/article33539881.ece|title=Coimbatore city getting ready for flyover works|work=The Hindu |access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref> [[Sathy Road]], [[Mettupalayam Road, Coimbatore|Mettupalayam Road]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/efforts-needed-to-improve-vehicle-movement-on-mettupalayam-road/article4424812.ece|title=Efforts needed to improve vehicle movement on Mettupalayam Road|author=|work=The Hindu|access-date=24 November 2014}}</ref> [[Palakkad Road, Coimbatore|Palakkad Road]], [[Pollachi Road, Coimbatore|Pollachi Road]] and Thadagam Road.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/work-begins-on-green-corridor-concept-for-mettupalayam-road/article4034204.ece|title=Work begins on Green Corridor concept for Mettupalayam Road|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=26 October 2012|first=V.S.|last=Palaniappan|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221202807/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/work-begins-on-green-corridor-concept-for-mettupalayam-road/article4034204.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> The [[Coimbatore bypass]] is a series of [[Bypass (road)|bypasses]] connecting the various [[National Highway (India)|National Highways]] and [[Highways of Tamil Nadu|State Highways]] passing through and originating from Coimbatore. The first section of the bypass, a {{convert|28|km|mi||adj=on}} stretch from Neelambur to Madukkarai on [[National Highway 544 (India)|National Highway 544]] opened for traffic in 2000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pppindiadatabase.com/Screens/frmView.aspx?PROJECTID=buOQITdE2o0=&AUTHORISEDUSER=N|title=Coimbatore Bypass Road|publisher=Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India|access-date=16 January 2012|location=New Delhi|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126093158/http://www.pppindiadatabase.com/Screens/frmView.aspx?PROJECTID=buOQITdE2o0%3D&AUTHORISEDUSER=N|archive-date=26 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="www.hindu.com 2008083050220100">{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/30/stories/2008083050220100.htm|title=Ring road to de-congest Coimbatore|last=Palaniappan|first=V.S.|date=30 August 2008|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=9 February 2012|location=Coimbatore|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108074304/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/30/stories/2008083050220100.htm|archive-date=8 November 2012}}</ref> It was the first road privatisation project to be implemented on a [[build–operate–transfer]] model in South India.<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.lntidpl.com/coimbatore-by-pass.aspx |title= Coimbatore By-pass (Tamil Nadu) |publisher= L&T IDPL |access-date= 1 February 2012 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120317051320/http://www.lntidpl.com/coimbatore-by-pass.aspx |archive-date= 17 March 2012 |df= dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.lntecc.com/homepage/resources/brochures/Infrastructure/RoadsRunways/CoimbatoreBypassRoad.pdf |title= Coimbatore Bypass: First road Privatization Project |publisher= L&T ECC |access-date= 6 February 2012 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130313014855/http://lntecc.com/homepage/resources/brochures/Infrastructure/RoadsRunways/CoimbatoreBypassRoad.pdf |archive-date= 13 March 2013 |df= dmy-all }}</ref> In 2008, the State Highways department came up with a proposal to create a [[Ring road]] to help de-congest the main arterial roads and the 12&nbsp;km road would extend from Peelamedu to Mettupalayam road.<ref name="www.hindu.com 2008083050220100" /> In 2011, the [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu]] announced the construction of two new flyovers at Ukkadam and Athupalam to help de-congest the Palakkad Road.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2632401.ece|title=Announcement on flyovers brings cheer to city|date=16 November 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=9 February 2012|location=Coimbatore|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118185914/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2632401.ece|archive-date=18 November 2011}}</ref> In 2012, the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] decided in favour of an eastern road that connected Mettupalayam Road with Avinashi Road and the existing bypass.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Govt revises bypass project to minimize displacement |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/Govt-revises-bypass-project-to-minimize-displacement/articleshow/16346522.cms |date=11 September 2012 |location=Coimbatore |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=1 August 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913081139/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/Govt-revises-bypass-project-to-minimize-displacement/articleshow/16346522.cms |archive-date=13 September 2015  }}</ref> The city municipal corporation is undertaking the construction of six rail-over-bridges in the city.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2785257.ece |title= Bridge works across six level crossings speed up |first= V. S. |last= Palaniappan |date= 8 January 2012 |newspaper= [[The Hindu]] |access-date= 16 January 2012 |location= Chennai |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120112024518/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article2785257.ece |archive-date= 12 January 2012 |df= dmy-all }}</ref> There are five [[National highways of India|National Highways]] passing through the city:<ref>{{Cite web| url = http://www.nhai.org/nh.asp| title = National Highways and their lengths| access-date = 12 February 2012| publisher = National Highways Authority of India| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100210021118/http://www.nhai.org/nh.asp| archive-date = 10 February 2010| df = dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rationalization of Numbering Systems of National Highways |publisher=Govt of India |url=http://www.morth.nic.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf |date=28 April 2010 |access-date=21 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001214827/http://www.morth.nic.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf |archive-date=1 October 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%"
|+
! Highway Number !!  Destination !! Via
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[National Highway 544 (India)|544]] || [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]] || [[Perundurai]], [[Chithode]]
|-
| [[Kochi]] || [[Palakkad]], [[Thrissur]]
|-
| [[National Highway 948 (India)|948]] || [[Bangalore]] || [[Kollegal]], [[Chamrajnagar]]
|-
| [[National Highway 81 (India)|81]] || [[Chidambaram]] || [[Karur]], [[Tiruchirappalli]]
|-
| [[National Highway 181 (India)|181]] || [[Gundlupet]] || [[Mettupalayam, Coimbatore|Mettupalayam]], [[Ooty|Udagamandalam]]
|-
| [[National Highway 83 (India)|83]] || [[Nagapattinam]] || [[Pollachi]], [[Udumalaipettai]], [[Palani]], [[Oddanchatram]], [[Dindigul]], [[Tiruchirappalli]], [[Thanjavur]]
|}
 
Apart from State and National Highways, the city corporation maintains a {{convert|635.32|km|2|abbr=off}} long road network.<ref name=businessplan />
 
=== Bus ===
Town buses started operating in 1921 and serve most parts of the city, as well as other towns and villages in the district. The number of inter-city routes operated by Coimbatore division is 119 with a fleet of more than 500 buses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/rti/proactive/transport/handbook-tnstc-cbe.pdf|title=TNSTC, Coimbatore|publisher=TNSTC|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222708/http://www.tn.gov.in/rti/proactive/transport/handbook-tnstc-cbe.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> It also operates town buses on 257 intra-city routes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ccmc/index.php/bus-services|title=Town bus services, Coimbatore|publisher=Coimbatore Municipal Corporation|access-date=3 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704181458/https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ccmc/index.php/bus-services|archive-date=4 July 2015}}</ref> The intra-city buses operate from major bus stations in [[Gandhipuram Central Bus Terminus]], [[Singanallur Bus Terminus]], [[Ukkadam Bus Terminus]] and [[Saibaba Colony Bus Terminus]] to other parts across the city. Inter-city and intra-city buses that connect Coimbatore operate from different bus stands:<ref>{{Cite news|title=Buses to ply from Mettupalayam Road bus stand from today|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/17/stories/2010061752110300.htm|access-date=22 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 June 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624221540/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/17/stories/2010061752110300.htm|archive-date=24 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Special buses to clear Pongal rush|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2008/01/08/stories/2008010855020500.htm|access-date=22 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=8 January 2008|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414040951/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2008/01/08/stories/2008010855020500.htm|archive-date=14 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Coimbatore waits for shuttle train services|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/06/29/stories/2006062921490300.htm|access-date=22 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=29 June 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090510082048/http://www.hindu.com/2006/06/29/stories/2006062921490300.htm|archive-date=10 May 2009}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%"
|+
! Location !! Bus Station !!  Destinations
|-
| rowspan="3" |  Gandhipuram || Central || [[Tiruppur]], [[Erode]], [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]], [[Dharapuram]], [[Gobichettipalayam]], [[Mettur]], [[Sathyamangalam]], [[kangayam]]
|-
| SETC || [[Chennai]], [[Ernakulam]], [[Bangalore]], [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]], [[Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh|Tirupati]], [[Thrissur]], [[Pondicherry (city)|Puducherry]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Mysore|Mysuru]]
|-
| Omni Bus Stand<ref>{{Cite news|title=Minister inaugurates omnibus stand|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/07/02/stories/2006070221400300.htm|access-date=22 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=2 July 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218032017/http://www.hindu.com/2006/07/02/stories/2006070221400300.htm|archive-date=18 February 2010}}</ref> || Private mofussil buses
|-
| Singanallur || Singanallur || [[Madurai]], [[Tirunelveli]], [[Tiruchirappalli]], [[Thanjavur]], [[Karur]], [[Kumbakonam]], [[Theni]], [[Dindigul]]
|-
| Ukkadam || Ukkadam || [[Palakkad]], [[Thrissur]], [[Palani]], [[Pollachi]], [[Udumalpet]]
|-
| Mettupalayam Road || Coimbatore North || [[Mettupalayam, Coimbatore|Mettupalayam]], [[Ooty|Udagamandalam]]
|}
 
The [[Coimbatore Integrated Bus Terminus]] planned at [[Vellalore]] is under construction.<ref>{{Cite news|title= Coimbatore Corporation floats tender for new bus stand in Vellalore  |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/coimbatore-corporation-floats-tender-for-new-bus-stand-in-vellalore/article29676409.ece|access-date=14 October 2019|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=14 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news
  | title = Foundation stone laid for Integrated bus stand in Coimbatore
  | newspaper = The Hindu
  | location = Coimbatore
  | date = 24 Jan 2020
  | url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/integrated-bus-stand-work-starts-in-coimbatore/article30644032.ece
  | access-date = 24 Jan 2020}}</ref> The proposed terminus will be built at a cost of {{INR}} 168 crores.
 
[[Coimbatore BRTS]] is a proposed bus rapid transit project under the [[Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission|JNNURM]] scheme of the Government of India. It is planned along a {{convert|27.6|km|mi}} stretch connecting Avinashi road and Mettupalayam road.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.coimbatore-corporation.com/dwnldforms/Transportation.pdf|title=Coimbatore BRTS|publisher=Coimbatore Corporation|access-date=6 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171513/http://www.coimbatore-corporation.com/dwnldforms/Transportation.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> The city is also served by [[auto rickshaw]]s and radio taxi services like [[Uber]], [[Ola Cabs]], RedTaxi, GoTaxi, [[Zoomcar]], [[Avis Car Rental|Avis]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gadgets.ndtv.com/apps/news/uber-expands-india-footprint-as-it-looks-beyond-metros-710196|title=Uber Expands India Footprint as It Looks Beyond Metros|work=[[NDTV]]|date=1 July 2015|access-date=31 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107153611/http://gadgets.ndtv.com/apps/news/uber-expands-india-footprint-as-it-looks-beyond-metros-710196|archive-date=7 January 2016}}</ref> Coimbatore has four [[List of RTO districts in India|Regional Transport Offices]] viz. TN 37 (South), TN 38 (North), TN 66 (Central), TN 99 (West).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tngis1.tn.nic.in/gis-rto/rto.php|title=RTO Locations|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|access-date=31 January 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423053637/http://tngis1.tn.nic.in/gis-rto/rto.php|archive-date=23 April 2012}}</ref>
 
'''Coimbatore to Chennai Bus''' route is very busy and there are buses plying at regular intervals. The distance between the two cities is approximately 500&nbsp;km.
 
== Education ==
{{See also|List of educational institutions in Coimbatore}}
Coimbatore is a major educational hub.<ref name="cbe_edu3">{{Cite news|title=Coimbatore calling|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/ew/2009/12/28/stories/2009122850010300.htm|access-date=23 June 2010|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=28 December 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304123210/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/ew/2009/12/28/stories/2009122850010300.htm|archive-date=4 March 2010}}</ref> The earliest educational institutions established in the city date back to more than a century with [[Church of South India Boys Higher Secondary School|C.S.I. Boys High School (1831)]], St. Michael's Higher Secondary School (1860), Stanes Anglo Indian Higher Secondary School (1862) and St. Francis Anglo-Indian Girls School (1898) being the oldest. In 1867, the first group of students appeared for the SSLC Examinations from Coimbatore.{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}}
 
The first college of Coimbatore, [[Government Arts College, Coimbatore|Government Arts College]], was opened in 1875.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gacbe.ac.in/about-us/l|access-date=13 October 2011|title=Government Arts College}}{{dead link|date=December 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The first engineering college in the city, the Arthur Hope College of Technology (now known as the [[Government College of Technology, Coimbatore]]), was started by G.D. Naidu in 1945 followed later by private engineering colleges [[PSG College of Technology]], and [[Coimbatore Institute of Technology]] in the 1950s.<ref name="Educat" /> The [[Air Force Administrative College]], established in 1949, is the oldest training institute of the Indian Air Force.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indianairforce.nic.in/show_page.php?pg_id=82|title=Indian Air Force – AFAC|access-date=13 October 2011|publisher=Indian Air Force|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028211612/http://indianairforce.nic.in/show_page.php?pg_id=82|archive-date=28 October 2011}}</ref> [[Coimbatore Medical College]] was opened in 1966 and also city has another Government run [[ESIC Medical College, Coimbatore]]. The [[Government Law College, Coimbatore|Government law college]] started functioning from 1978.<ref name="Educat" /> The agricultural school established in 1868 was converted into a full-fledged agricultural university. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University in 1971 and the [[Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History]] was opened in 1990.<ref name="Educat" />
 
{{As of|2010}}, the district is home to seven universities, 78 engineering colleges, 3 medical colleges, 2 dental colleges, 35 polytechnics and 150 arts and science colleges.<ref name="cbe_edu1">{{Cite news|title=Chennai, Kovai engineering colleges, a hit|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-08-19/chennai/28199112_1_engineering-colleges-government-quota-panimalar|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=19 April 2009|first1=D Suresh|last1=Kumar|access-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102144924/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-08-19/chennai/28199112_1_engineering-colleges-government-quota-panimalar|archive-date=2 November 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="cbe_edu2">{{Cite news|title=Medical college plan on ESI hospital premises|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/10/25/stories/2008102557880100.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=25 October 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090811063809/http://www.hindu.com/2008/10/25/stories/2008102557880100.htm|archive-date=11 August 2009}}</ref> The city houses three government run universities [[Tamil Nadu Agricultural University]], [[Bharathiar University]], [[Anna University Coimbatore]] and four private universities.<ref name="Educat" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.avinuty.ac.in/|title=Avinashilingam University for Women, Coimbatore, India|work=avinuty.ac.in|access-date=30 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031055/http://www.avinuty.ac.in/|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref> The city houses headquarters of renowned multi-campus, multi-disciplinary private [[deemed university]], [[Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=About {{!}} Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham|url=https://www.amrita.edu/node/35992|access-date=2021-05-05|website=www.amrita.edu}}</ref> The city houses Government research institutes including the [[Central Institute for Cotton Research]], [[Sugarcane Breeding Research Institute]], [[Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (IFGTB)]], [[Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education]] and Tamil Nadu Institute of Urban Studies.<ref>{{Cite report|url=http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp/wg_agrsch.pdf|title=Working group committee on agriculture|publisher=Planning Commission of India|access-date=29 November 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130407092417/http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp/wg_agrsch.pdf|archive-date=7 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=About ICFRE|url=http://www.icfre.org/index.php?linkid=left8311&link=1|work=Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education|access-date=22 November 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203003624/http://www.icfre.org/index.php?linkid=left8311&link=1|archive-date=3 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=About Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education|url=http://ifgtb.icfre.gov.in/|work=Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education|access-date=22 November 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030151240/http://ifgtb.icfre.gov.in/|archive-date=30 October 2013}}</ref> In 2008, Government of India announced a plan to establish a world class university in the region.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Land to be identified for World-Class University|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/09/stories/2008080954650500.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=9 August 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127150658/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/09/stories/2008080954650500.htm|archive-date=27 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Subramanian|first=T. S.|title=Tailor-made courses|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2515/stories/20080801251511300.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 July 2008|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526121058/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2515/stories/20080801251511300.htm|archive-date=26 May 2010}}</ref>
 
Three types of schools operate in Coimbatore: government run schools, schools funded by the government but run by private trusts (aided schools) and schools funded completely by private trusts.<ref name="Educat">{{Cite report|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/rti/proactive/sedu/handbook-sedu.pdf|title=Manual under the RTI Act, 2005|publisher=Department of Education, Government of Tamil Nadu|access-date=5 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211852/http://www.tn.gov.in/rti/proactive/sedu/handbook-sedu.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> Schools were following Tamil Nadu Anglo Indian School Board like [https://stanesschool.org/ Stanes] and [[St. Francis Anglo-Indian Girls School|St Francis]], [[Tamil Nadu Board of Secondary Education|Tamil Nadu State Board]], [[Directorate of Matriculation Schools, Tamil Nadu|Matriculation]], [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]] or [[Indian Certificate of Secondary Education|ICSE / ISC]] syllabus.<ref name="Educat" /> Samacheer Kalvi (Tamil: சமச்சீர் கல்வி) or Tamil Nadu Uniform System of School Education or Equitable education system was introduced by the Tamil Nadu Uniform System of School Education Act 2010 to integrate the various school educational systems within the state. Several schools in the city have moved on from Anglo Indian and Matriculation systems to CBSE and ICSE/ISC syllabus. The city falls under the purview of Coimbatore Education District. In 2013, 45,863 students appeared for SSLC examinations and the pass percentage was 94.12%.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Class 10 examinations get under way|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/sslc-overall-pass-percentage-improves-in-coimbatore/article4771812.ece|access-date=1 June 2013|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 March 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222000834/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/sslc-overall-pass-percentage-improves-in-coimbatore/article4771812.ece|archive-date=22 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=SSLC: overall pass percentage improves in Coimbatore|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/15/stories/2010051562630300.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=15 March 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100519233644/http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/15/stories/2010051562630300.htm|archive-date=19 May 2010}}</ref>
 
== Utility services ==
 
=== Media ===
{{Main|Media in Coimbatore}}
{{See also|List of Tamil-language television channels}}
Four major English newspapers ''[[The Hindu]]'', ''[[The Times of India]]'', ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' and ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' bring out editions from the city.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.readwhere.com/publication/3360/The-New-Indian-Express-Coimbatore|title=The New Indian Express|publisher=readwhere.com|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308081725/http://www.readwhere.com/publication/3360/The-New-Indian-Express-Coimbatore|archive-date=8 March 2016}}</ref> ''[[Business Line]]'', a business newspaper also brings out a Coimbatore edition. Tamil newspapers which have Coimbatore editions include ''[[Dinamalar]]'', ''[[Dina Thanthi]]'', ''[[Dinamani]]'', ''[[Dinakaran]]'', ''[[Tamil Murasu]]'' and ''[[Maalai Malar]]'' (both evening newspapers).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://epaper.dinamalar.com/|title=Dinamalar|publisher=dinamalar.com|access-date=4 March 2016|language=ta|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015043/http://epaper.dinamalar.com/|archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dinakaran.com/District_main.asp?id=13&Cat=504|title=Dinakaran|publisher=dinakaran.com|access-date=4 March 2016|language=ta|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322193950/http://www.dinakaran.com/District_main.asp?id=13&Cat=504|archive-date=22 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://epaper.dinamani.com/t/3364/Dimamani-Coimbatore/|title=Dinamani|publisher=dinamani.com|access-date=4 March 2016|language=ta|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160226201924/http://epaper.dinamani.com/t/3364/Dimamani-Coimbatore|archive-date=26 February 2016}}</ref> Two [[Malayalam]] newspapers – ''[[Malayala Manorama]]'' and ''[[Mathrubhumi]]'' also have considerable circulation in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hudku.com/search/business-list/Newspaper%20%26%20Magazines%20in%20Coimbatore,%20Tamil%20Nadu,%20India|title=Newspaper list, Coimbatore|access-date=4 March 2016|publisher=hudku.com}}{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Lotus News]] is headquartered in Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lotusnews.tv/|title=Lotus News|access-date=4 March 2016|publisher=lotusnews.tv|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102104043/http://www.lotusnews.tv/|archive-date=2 November 2012}}</ref>
 
A [[Medium wave]] radio station is operated by [[All India Radio]], with programs in Tamil, English and Hindi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allindiaradio.gov.in/Services/Pages/Primary%20Channel%20Services.aspx|title=All India Radio Services|publisher=Prasar Bharti|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313143425/http://allindiaradio.gov.in/Services/Pages/Primary%20Channel%20Services.aspx|archive-date=13 March 2016}}</ref> Five [[FM radio]] stations operate from Coimbatore – Rainbow FM,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allindiaradio.gov.in/services/fm/pages/default.aspx|title=All India Radio FM Rainbow|publisher=Prasar Bharti|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029164706/http://allindiaradio.gov.in/services/fm/pages/default.aspx|archive-date=29 October 2015}}</ref> [[Suryan FM]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.suryanfm.in/coimbatore/|title=Suryan FM, Coimbatore|publisher=suryanfm.in|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306030923/http://www.suryanfm.in/coimbatore/|archive-date=6 March 2016}}</ref> [[Radio Mirchi]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radiomirchi.com/coimbatore|title=98.3 FM Coimbatore|publisher=radiomirchi.com|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307222720/http://www.radiomirchi.com/coimbatore|archive-date=7 March 2016}}</ref> [[Radio City (Indian radio station)|Radio City]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.planetradiocity.com/radiocity/city/coimbatore|title=Radio City, Coimbatore|publisher=planetradiocity.com|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306061549/http://www.planetradiocity.com/radiocity/city/coimbatore|archive-date=6 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Pillay|first=Ashmita|url=http://www.indiaprwire.com/pressrelease/advertising/200701221649.htm|title=Radio City 91.1 FM forges a strategic alliance with 'Vibgyor Brand Services'|publisher=Indiaprwire.com|date=22 June 2007|access-date=31 January 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921132114/http://www.indiaprwire.com/pressrelease/advertising/200701221649.htm|archive-date=21 September 2011}}</ref> and [[Hello FM]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hello.fm/2009/03/16153424/ContactUS.html|title=Hello FM, Coimbatore|publisher=hello.fm|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302230227/http://hello.fm/2009/03/16153424/ContactUS.html|archive-date=2 March 2016}}</ref> All these private radio stations air exclusively [[Tamil language|Tamil]] based programs, including film music. Television relay started in 1985 from Delhi [[Doordarshan]] and in 1986, after inception of the repeater tower at [[Kodaikanal]], telecast from Madras commenced.  In 2005, Doordarshan opened its studio in Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/08/16/stories/2005081611440200.htm|title=Coimbatore gets modern Doordarshan Studio Centre|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=16 August 2005|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130918191845/http://www.hindu.com/2005/08/16/stories/2005081611440200.htm|archive-date=18 September 2013}}</ref> Television services are accessible through [[Direct To Home|DTH]] or digital cable.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Deadline-for-urban-cable-TV-viewers-ends-will-have-to-install-STBs/articleshow/50398156.cms|title=Deadline for urban cable TV viewers ends, will have to install STBs|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=31 December 2015|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160103081854/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Deadline-for-urban-cable-TV-viewers-ends-will-have-to-install-STBs/articleshow/50398156.cms|archive-date=3 January 2016}}</ref>
 
=== Telecommunication ===
Coimbatore has a well-connected communications infrastructure. Till the 1990s the state owned [[Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited]] (BSNL) was the only telecommunication service provider in the city. In the 1990s, private telecom companies too started offering their services. {{As of|2019}}, [[BSNL]], [[Reliance Communications]], [[Bharti Airtel]], [[Tata Communications]], [[Tata Teleservices]], [[Jio|Reliance Jio]] and [[Atria Convergence Technologies|ACT]] offer broadband service and fixed line services. [[Mobile TeleSystems|MTS]] offers mobile broadband services.<ref>{{Cite news|title=BSNL's broadband facility launched in Coimbatore, Tirupur|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/01/25/stories/2005012501581900.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=25 January 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070127105121/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/01/25/stories/2005012501581900.htm|archive-date=27 January 2007}}</ref> Cellular telephony was first introduced in 1997 and mobile telephone services available.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Infrastructure advantage|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2102/stories/20040130005311400.htm|access-date=9 June 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 January 2004|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606205625/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2102/stories/20040130005311400.htm|archive-date=6 June 2011}}</ref> Coimbatore is the headquarters of the Tamil Nadu circle of cellular service providers.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Aircel to create blood group database|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2002/10/03/stories/2002100301540600.htm|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=3 October 2002|access-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004153913/http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2002/10/03/stories/2002100301540600.htm|archive-date=4 October 2012}}</ref>
 
=== Healthcare ===
As of 2010, the size of the health care industry in Coimbatore is estimated at {{INRconvert|1500|c}}.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Super specialty hospitals: The latest fad in texcity|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/healthcare/biotech/healthcarel/Super-specialty-hospitals-The-latest-fad-in-texcity/articleshow/5832493.cms|access-date=14 February 2011|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=19 April 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928105915/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/healthcare/biotech/healthcarel/Super-specialty-hospitals-The-latest-fad-in-texcity/articleshow/5832493.cms|archive-date=28 September 2017}}</ref> There are around 750 hospitals in the city with an in-patient capacity of 5,000 beds.<ref name="cbe_medical">{{Cite news|title=Coimbatore health care sector facing staff shortage|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2007/05/31/stories/2007053101492100.htm|access-date=14 February 2011|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=31 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530034924/http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2007/05/31/stories/2007053101492100.htm|archive-date=30 May 2013}}</ref> These hospitals include Single Speciality institutions like eye care clinics such as The Eye Foundation, [[Aravind Eye Hospitals|Aravind]] & Sankara Nethralya,<ref name="cbe_eye_care_clinics">{{Cite news |date=10 August 2021 |title=Eye Care Clinic in Coimbatore Area |url=https://www.gknmhospital.org/coimbatore-eye-care-centres/ |url-status=live|access-date=10 August 2021}}</ref> kidney center, ortho center, etc. and also multi special hospitals. The first health care centre in the city was started in 1909. In 1969, it was upgraded to Coimbatore Medical College Hospital and also city has government run ESI Hospital, which was renovated recently at Rs. 5.20&nbsp;billion with 500 beds. A government run tertiary care hospital with 1020 beds and provides free health care.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Coimbatore Medical College Hospital|url=http://www.cmccbe.ac.in/cmccbe/index.jsp|work=Coimbatore Medical College|access-date=30 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312093205/http://www.cmccbe.ac.in/cmccbe/index.jsp|archive-date=12 March 2016}}</ref> The city corporation maintains 16 dispensaries and two maternity homes.<ref name=businessplan /> People from nearby districts and the state of Kerala visit Coimbatore for medical tourism due to the availability of hospitals and healthcare facilities.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mukerji|first=Chandralekha|title=Leaving The Big City|url=http://www.businesstoday.in/moneytoday/cover-story/10-indian-cities-quiet-peaceful-life-for-retirement/story/198976.html|access-date=4 March 2016|newspaper=Business Today|date=1 October 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305182716/http://www.businesstoday.in/moneytoday/cover-story/10-indian-cities-quiet-peaceful-life-for-retirement/story/198976.html|archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref><ref name=hc1>{{Cite news|title=Super specialty hospitals: The latest fad in texcity|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/healthcare/biotech/healthcare/Super-specialty-hospitals-The-latest-fad-in-texcity/articleshow/5832493.cms|access-date=14 February 2011|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=19 April 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928105913/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/healthcare/biotech/healthcare/Super-specialty-hospitals-The-latest-fad-in-texcity/articleshow/5832493.cms|archive-date=28 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiablooms.com/LifestyleDetailsPage/lifestyleDetails080711a.php|title=The caregivers|work=indiablooms.com|access-date=30 October 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031055/http://www.indiablooms.com/LifestyleDetailsPage/lifestyleDetails080711a.php|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Medical tourism on upswing in Coimbatore|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/04/04/stories/2006040412420100.htm|access-date=14 February 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=4 April 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629011355/http://www.hindu.com/2006/04/04/stories/2006040412420100.htm|archive-date=29 June 2011}}</ref>
 
== Sports and recreation ==
[[File:Racing action in Coimbatore.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A typical raceday scene at [[Kari Motor Speedway]]]]
[[File:VOCFountain.jpg|thumb|200px|[[VOC park and zoo|VOC Park]]]]
Coimbatore is often referred to as "India's Motorsports Hub" and the "Backyard of Indian Motorsports".<ref>{{Cite news|title=Coimbatore may have a Grade 3 circuit, says Narain|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=4 November 2011|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/motorsport/coimbatore-may-have-a-grade-3-circuit-says-narain/article2597443.ece|access-date=5 March 2016|last=Rozario|first=Rayan|quote=city, oft referred to as India's motor sport hub, may well have a Grade 3 racing circuit in the years to come|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221192154/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/motorsport/coimbatore-may-have-a-grade-3-circuit-says-narain/article2597443.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=City of speed|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 April 2006|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/article3191375.ece|access-date=3 January 2007}}</ref> [[S.Karivardhan]] designed and built entry – level race cars and the [[Kari Motor Speedway]], a Formula 3 Category circuit, is named after him.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/12/01/stories/2003120102260100.htm |title=To Kari, with Love |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=1 December 2003 |access-date=23 September 2009 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090910162639/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/12/01/stories/2003120102260100.htm |archive-date=10 September 2009 }}</ref> Tyre manufacturer [[Madras Rubber Factory|MRF]] assembles Formula Ford cars in Coimbatore in association with former F3 Champion J. Anand and racing company [[Super Speeds]] designs Formula cars.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://machinist.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3876&Itemid=2 |title=MRF to assemble advanced F1 cars next year: Scouting for component suppliers |publisher=Machinist.in |date=26 October 2011 |access-date=31 January 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512052614/http://machinist.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3876&Itemid=2 |archive-date=12 May 2013  }}</ref> [[Rallying]] is another major event with rallies conducted in closed roads around Coimbatore. [[Narain Karthikeyan]], India's first [[Formula One]] driver hails from the city, and other motorsport drivers from Coimbatore include J. Anand and [[V. R. Naren Kumar]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=A rage on the rally circuit|url=http://www.sportstaronnet.com/tss2447/24470740.htm|access-date=28 June 2015|newspaper=Sports Star|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025093055/http://sportstaronnet.com/tss2447/24470740.htm|archive-date=25 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Naren Kumar aims to be best in Asia-Pacific zone|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2001/05/06/stories/07060881.htm|access-date=28 June 2015|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017031054/http://www.thehindu.com/2001/05/06/stories/07060881.htm|archive-date=17 October 2015}}</ref>
 
[[Nehru Stadium, Coimbatore|Nehru Stadium]], built originally for football, also hosts athletic meets. The stadium has been renovated with Korean grass for the field and a synthetic track around it for athletics.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/04/24/stories/2006042401150400.htm|title=Nehru stadium gets a makeover|access-date=28 June 2015|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019071311/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/04/24/stories/2006042401150400.htm|archive-date=19 October 2013}}</ref> Apart from the stadium, other sporting venues include the [[Coimbatore Golf Club|Coimbatore Golf Course]], an 18 – hole golf course<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.golftoday.co.uk/clubhouse/coursedir/world/india/southernindia/coimbatore.html|title=Location of Coimbatore golf club|publisher=Coimbatore Golf Club|access-date=28 June 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630162630/http://www.golftoday.co.uk/clubhouse/coursedir/world/india/southernindia/coimbatore.html|archive-date=30 June 2015}}</ref> and [[Coimbatore Cosmopolitan Club]], which is more than 100 years old.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2006/09/25/stories/2006092500760100.htm |title=100-year-old club of Coimbatore |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=25 September 2006 |access-date=23 September 2009 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903152956/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2006/09/25/stories/2006092500760100.htm |archive-date=3 September 2009  }}</ref> Coimbatore Flying Club is located in the [[Coimbatore International Airport|Coimbatore Airport]] premises.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dgca.nic.in/flyclub/flyclub.pdf|title=List of Flying Clubs|publisher=DGCA|access-date=30 August 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927170854/http://dgca.nic.in/flyclub/flyclub.pdf|archive-date=27 September 2011}}</ref> The city hosts its own annual marathon called '''''Coimbatore Marathon''''' as an event to raise cancer awareness.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.coimbatoremarathon.com/|title=Coimbatore Marathon|work=coimbatoremarathon.com|access-date=28 June 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630145114/http://www.coimbatoremarathon.com/|archive-date=30 June 2015}}</ref> Retired tennis player [[Nirupama Vaidyanathan]], who became the first Indian woman in the modern era to feature and win a round at a main draw [[Grand Slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]] in [[1998 Australian Open – Women's Singles|1998 Australian Open]] hails from Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/01/13/stories/0713102h.htm |title=Nirupama Vaidyanathan |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=13 January 2001 |access-date=23 September 2009 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090917184357/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/01/13/stories/0713102h.htm |archive-date=17 September 2009 }}</ref> Coimbatore District Chess Association (CDCA), established in 1940, is the oldest chess association in the country.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/a-day-to-remember-for-cdca/article8090774.ece |title=A day to remember for CDCA |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=11 January 2016 |access-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111020315/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/a-day-to-remember-for-cdca/article8090774.ece |archive-date=11 January 2016  }}</ref>
 
=== City based teams ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Club !! Sport !! League !! Home Stadium !! Founded
|-
| [[Lyca Kovai Kings]]
| [[Cricket]]
| [[Tamil Nadu Premier League]]
| [[Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts and Science|SNR Sons College Ground]]
| 2016
|-
| [[Chennai City F.C.]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/sports/coimbatore-to-host-ileague-matches-this-season/article9967657.ece|title=Coimbatore to host I-League matches this season|date=20 November 2017|access-date=22 January 2018|work=BusinessLine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226102542/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/sports/coimbatore-to-host-ileague-matches-this-season/article9967657.ece|archive-date=26 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
| [[Association football|Football]]
| [[I-League]]
| [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Coimbatore)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/chennai-city-to-stay-at-kovai-for-next-5-years/articleshow/62202998.cms|title=Chennai City to stay at Kovai for next 5 years|last=Krishnan|first=Vivek|date=22 December 2017|access-date=22 January 2018|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123162511/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/chennai-city-to-stay-at-kovai-for-next-5-years/articleshow/62202998.cms|archive-date=23 January 2018}}</ref>
| 2016
|}
 
=== Recreation ===
{{Main|Entertainment in Coimbatore}}
There are several amusement parks around the city: [[Black Thunder (theme park)|Black Thunder]] water theme park near [[Mettupalayam, Coimbatore|Mettupalayam]], [[Kovai Kondattam]] amusement park at Perur and [[Maharaja Theme Park]] at Neelambur.
<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nbnaturepark.com/ |title=Nilgiri Biosphere Nature Park – Nature conservation organisation coimbatore |publisher=Nbnaturepark.com |access-date=31 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512071725/http://www.nbnaturepark.com/ |archive-date=12 May 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> Since the 1980s, the city has had a few small shopping complexes and major shopping malls include [[Prozone Mall (Coimbatore)|Prozone Mall]], [[Brookefields Mall]] and [[Fun Republic Mall (Coimbatore)|Fun Republic Mall]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Coimbatore-based retail chain, Shri Kannan on expansion mode|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/News-By-Industry/Services/Retailing/Coimbatore-based-retail-chain-Shri-Kannan-on-expansion-mode/articleshow/5181355.cms|access-date=15 January 2011|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=30 October 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091107205625/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/services/retailing/Coimbatore-based-retail-chain-Shri-Kannan-on-expansion-mode/articleshow/5181355.cms|archive-date=7 November 2009}}</ref> The city also has a number of parks including the [[VOC park and zoo|VOC Park]], the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Park, Race Course Children's Park and Bharathi Park in Saibaba Colony. Coimbatore Zoo houses a number of animals and birds and is located near VOC Park.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/zoo-animal-adoption-programme-in-coimbatore-draws-a-blank/article6262909.ece|title=Animal adoption program draws a blank|date=26 October 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=30 July 2014|last=Madhavan|first=Karthik|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221215950/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/zoo-animal-adoption-programme-in-coimbatore-draws-a-blank/article6262909.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/plans-on-to-revamp-voc-park/article6534951.ece|title=Plans on to revamp VOC Park|date=26 October 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=28 March 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141130113312/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/plans-on-to-revamp-voc-park/article6534951.ece|archive-date=30 November 2014}}</ref> The grounds are used for conducting fairs and events including the annual Independence day and Republic day celebrations.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/republic-day-celebrated-with-pomp-gaiety/article6825052.ece|title=Republic Day celebrated with pomp, gaiety|date=27 January 2015|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=28 March 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221190040/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/republic-day-celebrated-with-pomp-gaiety/article6825052.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> [[Singanallur Lake]] is a popular tourist place and bird watcher destination.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/07/30/stories/2006073022630300.htm |title=Singanallur lake |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=30 July 2006 |access-date=30 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918060809/http://www.hindu.com/2006/07/30/stories/2006073022630300.htm |archive-date=18 September 2012  }}</ref> Popular cinemas include [[Big Cinemas|KG Cinemas]], The Cinema by [[SPI Cinemas]], [[Cinépolis]], [[INOX Leisure Limited|INOX]] and [[Miraj Cinemas]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://retail.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/food-entertainment/entertainment/cinepolis-opens-multiplex-in-chandigarh/50960503|title=Cinepolis opens multiplex in Chandigarh|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=12 February 2016|access-date=4 March 2016|last=Jain|first=Varun|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160229194205/http://retail.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/food-entertainment/entertainment/cinepolis-opens-multiplex-in-chandigarh/50960503|archive-date=29 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/sathyam-cinemas-forays-into-mumbai/article8221021.ece|title=Sathyam Cinemas forays into Mumbai|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=11 February 2016|access-date=4 March 2016|last=Kandavel|first=Sangeeta|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221205159/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/sathyam-cinemas-forays-into-mumbai/article8221021.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-10/south-india-box-office-roundup-of-maryan-maryan-box-office-30-07-13.html|title=South India Box Office roundup of Maryan|date=13 July 2013|access-date=4 March 2016|work=behindwoods.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224339/http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-10/south-india-box-office-roundup-of-maryan-maryan-box-office-30-07-13.html|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref>
 
== Environmental issues ==
Air pollution, lack of proper waste management infrastructure and degradation of water bodies are the major environmental issues in Coimbatore. There is a [[sewage collection and disposal|sewage treatment]] plant at Ukkadam with the capacity to process 70 million litres of sewage water per day.<ref name="sewage treatment plant">{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/03/02/stories/2011030262880300.htm|title=Sewage treatment plant inaugurated|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=4 August 2011|date=2 March 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305110035/http://www.hindu.com/2011/03/02/stories/2011030262880300.htm|archive-date=5 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author1=Vidhya Sivaramakrishnan|author2=John Samuel Raja D.|title=Coimbatore struggles to address its civic infrastructure woes|url=http://www.livemint.com/2008/01/27230638/Coimbatore-struggles-to-addres.html|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=The Mint|date=27 January 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080406052012/http://www.livemint.com/2008/01/27230638/Coimbatore-struggles-to-addres.html|archive-date=6 April 2008}}</ref> Garbage is collected by the corporation and sewage is pumped into the water tanks and the [[Noyyal River]] through streams.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Madhavan|first=Karthik|title=Waste management to improve|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/12/14/stories/2010121461290300.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=14 December 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809075524/http://www.hindu.com/2010/12/14/stories/2010121461290300.htm|archive-date=9 August 2011}}</ref> This along with garbage dumping and encroachments has led to degradation of the water bodies and depletion in the groundwater table.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Water resources under constant abuse|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/12/19/stories/2010121962660300.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 December 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101222161424/http://www.hindu.com/2010/12/19/stories/2010121962660300.htm|archive-date=22 December 2010}}</ref><ref name=groundwater>{{Cite web|author1=Lenin Sundar M|author2=M Sasidharan|title=Ground water quality in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu along Noyyal River|url=http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/Groundwater%20quality.pdf|publisher=Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering|access-date=9 May 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509051033/http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/Groundwater%20quality.pdf|archive-date=9 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Vinoj Kumar|first=PC|title=TN will face crisis warn experts|url=http://www.tehelka.com/story_main27.asp?filename=Ne240207TN_will.asp|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[Tehelka]]|date=24 February 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080320131829/http://www.tehelka.com/story_main27.asp?filename=Ne240207TN_will.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 March 2008}}</ref> The tanks are renovated by the city's environmental groups with their own fund-raising and the corporation.<ref>{{Cite news|title=PWD hands over custody of tanks to Coimbatore Corporation|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/07/23/stories/2010072359610300.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=29 January 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726072628/http://www.hindu.com/2010/07/23/stories/2010072359610300.htm|archive-date=26 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Two major tanks in city to be linked|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/07/23/stories/2010072359610300.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=23 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726072628/http://www.hindu.com/2010/07/23/stories/2010072359610300.htm|archive-date=26 July 2010}}</ref> The corporation is responsible and involved in clearing encroachment of the tanks.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Corporation removes encroachment on tank|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/08/01/stories/2010080151930300.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|date=1 August 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100809122753/http://www.hindu.com/2010/08/01/stories/2010080151930300.htm|archive-date=9 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Fresh efforts to remove encroachments|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/26/stories/2007122655470100.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=26 December 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109090222/http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/26/stories/2007122655470100.htm|archive-date=9 November 2012}}</ref> [[Siruthuli]], an environmental organisation founded by the city's industrial houses, undertakes de-[[silting]] of tanks and cleaning of the Noyyal river.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Narayanan|first=R.Y.|title=Drive to rejuvenate Coimbatore water tanks|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/07/25/stories/2003072500971700.htm|access-date=9 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=25 July 2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530034454/http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/07/25/stories/2003072500971700.htm|archive-date=30 May 2013}}</ref> [[Environment Conservation Group]] based out of the city is also involved in conservation of trees and wetlands, monitoring wildlife crime and conducting awareness sessions for students.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/attempt-to-cut-tree-triggers-protest/article4173017.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=7 December 2012|title=Attempt to cut tree triggers protest|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221211754/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/attempt-to-cut-tree-triggers-protest/article4173017.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/protest-against-felling-of-trees/article6732561.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|title=Protest against felling of trees|date=28 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221223232/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/protest-against-felling-of-trees/article6732561.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/environment-organisations-oppose-tangedco-work/article3568121.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|title=Environment organizations protest oppose|date=25 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/snares-to-trap-wild-animals-found-in-forest-area/article4427588.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|title=Snares to trap wild animals found|date=18 February 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222000831/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/snares-to-trap-wild-animals-found-in-forest-area/article4427588.ece|archive-date=22 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/set-them-free/article7279589.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=4 June 2015|title=Set them free|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222000827/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/set-them-free/article7279589.ece|archive-date=22 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/parakeets-rescued/article6768948.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=9 January 2015|title=Parakeets rescued|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221224317/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/parakeets-rescued/article6768948.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/monitor-lizard-birds-rescued/article6259449.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=29 July 2014|title=Monitor lizards rescued|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221224304/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/monitor-lizard-birds-rescued/article6259449.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/a-roar-of-approval/article4918479.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=16 July 2013|title=A roar of approval|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221214259/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/a-roar-of-approval/article4918479.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/stripe-search/article5083428.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=2 September 2013|title=Stripe search|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221190517/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/stripe-search/article5083428.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/ecg-to-conduct-nature-camp-at-thekkady-tiger-reserve/article6441327.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=24 September 2014|title=ECG to conduct nature camp|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221224310/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/ecg-to-conduct-nature-camp-at-thekkady-tiger-reserve/article6441327.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/twoday-bird-watching-excursion-at-atr/article5980701.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=6 May 2014|title=Bird watching excursion|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221211736/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/twoday-bird-watching-excursion-at-atr/article5980701.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/birds-rescued/article5748546.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=4 May 2014|title=Birds rescued|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221211742/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/birds-rescued/article5748546.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/tiger-express-on-the-school-trail/article4968695.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=15 April 2016|date=30 June 2013|title=Tiger express on school trail|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221224300/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/tiger-express-on-the-school-trail/article4968695.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref>{{Excessive citations inline|date=January 2023}}
 
== Notable people ==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
* [[Kovai Gnani]], Tamil writer<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 22, 2020|first=Vishnu|last=Swaroop|title=Tamil writer Kovai Gnani dies|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/tamil-writer-kovai-gnani-dies/articleshow/77105382.cms|access-date=2022-02-06|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Vishnu Jejjala]] (born 1975), Indian-American physicist
* [[Narain Karthikeyan]] (born 1977), formula racing driver
* [[Mohammed Saleem]], Environmental Activist
* [[K. G. Lakshminarayan]] (born 31 March 1953), former cricket umpire
* [[Tiruvadi Sambasiva Venkataraman]] (born June 1884), botanist
* [[Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev]] (born 3 September 1957), author, spiritual leader
* [[Sivakumar]] (born 1941), Indian visual artist and former actor
* [[D. Sreeram Kumar]] (born 1981), [[Indian Army]] officer
* [[Suriya]] ( born 1975), Indian actor, producer, television presenter
* [[Sathyaraj]] (born 1954), Indian actor, producer, director and a media personality
 
== International relations ==
Coimbatore has [[Sister cities|sister city]] relationship with [[Toledo, Ohio|Toledo]], [[Ohio]]. The relation has enabled exchange in the fields of arts and education between the cities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.toledosistercities.org/sistercities/coimbatore-%20india/|title=Coimbatore, India|work=toledosistercities.org|access-date=31 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304054732/http://www.toledosistercities.org/sistercities/coimbatore-%20india/|archive-date=4 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> A [[Twin cities|twin city]] pact with the German city of [[Esslingen am Neckar|Esslingen]] was signed in July 2016 enabling the two cities to collaborate on areas of mutual interest, health, education, culture and social development.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/coimbatore-inks-mou-with-esslingen/article8802797.ece|title=Coimbatore inks MoU with Esslingen|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=2 July 2016|access-date=2 July 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703012146/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/coimbatore-inks-mou-with-esslingen/article8802797.ece|archive-date=3 July 2016}}</ref>
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Country
! City
!State / Region
!Since
|-
|{{flagicon|USA}} United States
| [[Toledo, Ohio|Toledo]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://toledoblade.com/article/20110214/NEWS16/102130351/-1/SRMAIN|title=10th sister to join in Toledo's alliances|date=14 February 2011|newspaper=Toledo Blade|access-date=14 February 2011}}</ref>
| [[File:Flag of Ohio.svg|25px]] [[Ohio]]
|2009
|-
|{{flagicon|Germany}} Germany
| [[Esslingen am Neckar|Esslingen]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.esslinger-zeitung.de/region/esslingen_artikel,-zwei-staedte-schreiben-geschichte-_arid,2057468.html|title=Two cities make history|work=Esslinger-zeitung|date=2 July 2016|access-date=2 July 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817050653/http://www.esslinger-zeitung.de/region/esslingen_artikel%2C-zwei-staedte-schreiben-geschichte-_arid%2C2057468.html|archive-date=17 August 2016}}</ref>
| [[File:Flag of Baden-Württemberg.svg|25px]] [[Baden-Württemberg]]
|2016
|}
 
[[Alliance Française de Madras]], a Franco-Indian non-profit association promoting the growth of [[French language|French]] in India has a centre at [[PSG Institute of Management Coimbatore|PSG Institute of Management]] in Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://madras.afindia.org/contacts/|title=Alliance Française de Madras|work=afindia.org|date=26 October 2013 |access-date=31 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106193301/http://madras.afindia.org/contacts/|archive-date=6 November 2015}}</ref>
 
== See also ==
* [[Coimbatore metropolitan area]]
* [[Coimbatore district]]
* [[List of neighbourhoods of Coimbatore]]
* [[Siruvani River|Siruvani]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Siruvani Falls and Dam (Coimbatore) – All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go |url=https://www.tripadvisor.in/Attraction_Review-g297675-d3913329-Reviews-Siruvani_Falls_and_Dam-Coimbatore_Coimbatore_District_Tamil_Nadu.html |access-date=2022-10-26 |website=Tripadvisor |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Jeshi |first=K. |date=2015-05-08 |title=The Siruvani story |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/40year-struggle-to-bring-siruvani-water-to-coimbatore/article7185104.ece |access-date=2022-10-26 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
* [[Adiyogi Shiva statue|''Adiyogi'' Shiva statue]]
* [[Velliangiri Mountains]]
* [[Maruthamalai Marudhachalamurthy Temple]]
* [[Aliyar Reservoir]]
* [[Athikadavu-Avinashi Scheme]]
 
== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}
 
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
 
== External links ==
{{Wiktionary|Coimbatore}}
{{Commons category}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Coimbatore}}
* [https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ Coimbatore Municipal Corporation Website]
* {{Cite NIE|wstitle=Coimbatore|short=x}}
 
{{Coimbatore}}
{{Navboxes
|list =
{{Million-plus cities in India}}
{{Municipal corporations of Tamil Nadu}}
{{Coimbatore district}}
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}}
 
{{Authority control}}
 
[[Category:Coimbatore| ]]
[[Category:Smart cities in India]]
[[Category:Metropolitan cities in India]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Coimbatore district]]
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