Raipur: Difference between revisions

	Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
	Precipitation totals in mm
	Source: IMD

Raipur
Climate chart (explanation)
	Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
	Precipitation totals in mm
	Source: IMD
Imperial conversion
	Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
	Precipitation totals in inches

Raipur
Raipur
Metropolis , Business Center
	File:Great Eastern rd, VIP chowk (GE road Raipur).png File:Ghadi chowk, (Clock tower) Raipur.png File:Magneto Mall, Raipur.png File:Telibandha lake, Raipur.jpg File:Mor Raipur sign.png File:IIM Raipur 6547.png From top, left to right: GE road VIP chowk, Nagar Ghadi, Magneto the mall, Telibandha lake Raipur, sector 19, Naya Raipur, Mor Raipur sign, Swami Vivekananda Airport, Shri Ram Mandir, Indian Institute of Management Raipur, Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh International Stadium, Nandanvan Jungle safari
	Raipur Raipur
	Coordinates: 21°15′N 81°38′E / 21.25°N 81.63°E
Country	India
State	Chhattisgarh
District	Raipur
Named for	Rai Brahma Deo
Government
• Type	Municipal Corporation
• Body	Raipur Municipal Corporation Raipur Development Authority(RDA) Naya Raipur Development Authority (NRDA)
• Mayor	Aijaz Dhebar (INC)
• District Collector	Saurabh Kumar (IAS)
• Senior Superintendent of Police	Ajay Kumar Yadav (IPS)
• Member of Parliament	Sunil Kumar Soni (BJP)
• Municipal Commissioner	Saurabh Kumar (IAS)
Area
• Metropolis , Business Center	226 km2 (87 sq mi)
Elevation	298.15 m (978.18 ft)
Population (2011)
• Metropolis , Business Center	1,010,087
• Rank	India : 45th; Chhattisgarh : 1st
• Density	4,500/km2 (12,000/sq mi)
• Metro	1,122,555
• Metro rank	47th
Demonym	Raipurians / Raipurya
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	492001-22, 493111-211
Vehicle registration	CG-04
UN/LOCODE	IN RPR
Website	www.raipur.gov.in

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Revision as of 06:46, 12 January 2022

Raipur (/ˈraɪpʊər/ pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital city of the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. Raipur is also the administrative headquarters of Raipur district and Raipur division, and the largest city of the state. It was a part of Madhya Pradesh before the state of Chhattisgarh was formed on 1 November 2000.^[4] It has exponential industrial growth, and has become a major business hub in Central India. It has been ranked as India's 6th cleanest city as per the Swachh Survekshan for the year 2021.^[5] Raipur is ranked 7th in Ease of Living Index 2019 and 7th in Municipal Performance Index 2020 by Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA).^[6]^[7]^[8]

History

The earliest archaeological evidence from old sites and ruins of the fort indicate the existence of Raipur since the 9th century. However, there is enough literary evidence that defines the history of Raipur since the time of the Maurya Empire. Raipur district was once part of Southern Kosal and considered to be under the Maurya Empire. Raipur had later been the capital of the Haihaya Kings, controlling the traditional forts of Chhattisgarh for a long time. Satawahana Kings ruled this part till the 2nd-3rd century CE. Samudragupta had conquered this region in the fourth century, but the region came under the sway of Sarabhpuri Kings and then Nala Kings in the 5th and 6th centuries. Later on, Somavanshi kings had taken control over this region and ruled with Sirpur as their capital city. The Kalchuri Kings of Tumman ruled this part for a long time making Ratanpur as capital. It is believed that the King Ramachandra of this dynasty established the city of Raipur and subsequently made it the capital of his kingdom.^[9]

Another story about Raipur is that King Ramachandra's son Brahmdeo Rai had established Raipur. His capital was Khalwatika (now Khallari). The newly constructed city was named after Brahmdeo Rai as 'Raipur'. It was during his time in 1402 CE. that the temple of Hatkeshwar Mahadev was constructed on the banks of the river Kharun which still remains one of the oldest landmarks in Raipur. After the death of king Amarsingh Deo, this region had become the domain of Bhonsle Kings of Nagpur. With the death of Raghuji the III, the territory was assumed by the British government from Bhonsle's and Chhattisgarh was declared a separate Commission with its headquarters at Raipur in 1854. After independence, the Raipur district was included in the Central Provinces and Berar. Raipur district became a part of Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956 and subsequently became a part of Chhattisgarh on 1 November 2000 with Raipur becoming the capital of the new state.^[10]

Demographics

As of the^[update] 2011 census, Raipur Municipal Corporation had a population of 1,010,087, of which 519,286 are males and 490,801 are females—a sex ratio of 945 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 940 per 1000.^[11] 124,471 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 64,522 are boys and 59,949 are girls—a ratio of 929 girls per 1000 boys. There are 769,593 literates (420,155 males, 349,438 females). The effective literacy was 86.90%; male literacy was 92.39% and female literacy was 81.10%, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%.^[2]^[12]

The urban agglomeration had a population of 1,122,555, of which males constitute 578,339, females constitute 544,216—a sex ratio of 941 females per 1000 males and 142,826 children are in the age group of 0–6 years. There are a total of 846,952 literates with an effective literacy rate of 86.45%.^[3]

Geography and climate

Geography

Raipur is located near the centre of a large plain, sometimes referred to as the "rice bowl of India", where hundreds of varieties of rice are grown.^[13] The Mahanadi River flows to the east of the city of Raipur, and the southern side has dense forests. The Maikal Hills rise on the north-west of Raipur; on the north, the land rises and merges with the Chota Nagpur Plateau, which extends north-east across Jharkhand state. On the south of Raipur lies the Deccan Plateau.

Climate

Raipur has a tropical wet and dry climate, temperatures remain moderate throughout the year, except from March to June, which can be extremely hot. The temperature in April–May sometimes rises above 48 °C (118 °F). These summer months also have dry and hot winds. The city receives about 1,300 millimetres (51 in) of rain, mostly in the monsoon season from late June to early October. Winters last from November to January and are mild, although lows can fall to 5 °C (41 °F) making it reasonably cold.

Template:Raipur weatherbox

Government and politics

Civic administration

Raipur city has a Municipal corporation. It was initially established by the British on 17 May 1867, it was then named Raipur Municipal committee.^[14] It was upgraded to Raipur Municipal Corporation in the year 1973.^[14] The area of the municipal corporation is 226 km² (87 sq mi).^[1]^[15] RMC is governed under the guidelines mentioned in the Chhattisgarh Municipalities Act, 1961.^[15] As per 2011 Census of India urban agglomeration population in Raipur, Durg-Bhilai was 3,186,632. The three urban cities of Raipur, Bhilai and Durg in West central of Chhattisgarh together creates Raipur-Bhilai-Durg Tri City Metro area.

The functions under the municipal corporation are the construction of health centres, educational institutes, schools, and periodic maintenance of the houses.^[16] In addition to taking the responsibility of constructing basic civic infrastructure, flyovers, and roads, it is also developing recreational centres such as museums, community halls, and parks. Along with basic civic infrastructure, flyovers, and roads.^[16]

The executive committee consists of the Commissioner, Deputy commissioner, city health officers, executive engineers, zone commissioners, and other staff.^[17] The Municipal Commissioner of Raipur is Shri. Saurabh Kumar (I.A.S).^[18] The current mayor is Aijaz Dhebar from INC. The Mayor in the council consists of the Mayor who is the ex officio chairperson of the MIC. Among elected councillors, the mayor elects them to the council.^[17] There are 70 wards and 8 zones within the Raipur Municipal Corporation.^[16] The zonal ward committees are headed by chairpersons who are elected by ward councillors of the respective zone.^[19]

The recent municipal elections were held on 21 December 2019. The political parties in the majority at the municipal level are BJP and INC. The estimated municipal budget 2017-2018 Budget is ₹ 2,612,667. Key revenue sources are tax income, Fees and charges, Sanitation charges, Grants and donations, and Capital income.^[20]

The city is a part of Raipur District with Dr. S. Bharathi Dasan, IAS/Collector & DM.^[21] The collector heads the district administration department.^[21] The upper collector, deputy collector and joint deputy assist the Collector. Other governing agencies that are active in the city of Raipur is the Urban Administration And Development, Chhattisgarh.^[21]

Master plan

Raipur Master Plan 2021 recognizes the need for planned development to take the pressure off the downtown core and meet the need for green spaces and bodies of water in that area. The plan calls for dense housing in new subdivisions on the outskirts and well-planned high-rise commercial and industrial development along with the NH-6 as well as on the north side of the city.^[22]

Legislative assembly and state agencies

Raipur is a Lok Sabha/Parliamentary constituency in Central Chhattisgarh of Chhattisgarh and is located in Central India.^[23] Raipur Lok Sabha seat is unreserved. Mr.Sunil Kumar Soni, BJP is Raipur City MP.^[23] There are three MLA constituencies in Raipur city and one constituency for Raipur Rural. The respective MLAs of the three constituencies are Raipur City South MLA is Mr. Brijmohan Agrawal, BJP, for Raipur City North it is Mr. Kuldeep Juneja, INC and for Raipur City West it is Mr. Vikas Upadhyay, INC.^[24]

Civic utilities

Transport services

The superintendent of Engineers Executive Engineers, the team of Engineers, and the staff responsible for the related activities of the road department head the Public works department.^[14] The respective functions are Planning and designing of road stormwater drain, maintenance of roads and streets, maintain gardens and parks as well as resurfacing the road, and repairing potholes and bad patches.^[14]

In the bus transport system of Raipur City there is a total number of 157 Buses plying within the city.^[25]

Fire service and electricity

The city electricity is supplied by Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Company Limited. Fire and Emergency services were set up in the year 2016 to protect fire incidents in the state.^[26] As per the directions of the government, the Fire Station of the urban body are being taken under fire and emergency services.^[26]

Water, drainage and sewerage

The existing source of raw water is from the Kharun river and about 170 MLD water is treated on a daily basis is 275 mld which is the treatment capacity of the plant. The per capita water supply in the city of Raipur is 135 lpcd. There is a water supply connection to a total of 50,000 households. Along with water from the Kharun River (27 MLD), another source of water is groundwater and the capacity utilized is 22 MLD. There is a total of 1133 handpumps in the city.

There is a lack in the sewerage systems of Raipur City. The data for households with a Sewerage Network is unavailable.^[27] But the number of households with Septic tanks are 1,44,882 and the households without any outlets for toilets is 5649.^[27] The city has no separate drainage system nor any sewer lines. There is a separate stormwater drainage system is laid as per requirement.^[27]

Solid waste management

The waste management in the city is entrusted with the city health officer, the in-charge health officer, zonal health officer, and the team of sanitary supervisors and ward supervisors.^[14] A total of 356490 households have been successful with source segregation and are covered by the door-to-door collection.^[28] Raipur's major waste disposal site is the Sarona site, which is 12 km away from city centre.^[28]

Transport

Road ways

File:Atal Path Expressway, Raipur.jpg

Raipur–Naya Raipur Expressway (Atal Path Expressway)

File:Interstate Bus Terminus, (ISBT) Raipur.jpg

Sri Balaji Swami Trust Sri Dudhadhari Math Inter State Bus Terminal, Ravanbhantha, Raipur

File:1518422755157-Raipur Station (1).jpg

Raipur Junction Railway Station Entrance

Some major and famous roads in Raipur are National Highway (NH - 53), National Highway (NH - 30), Great Eastern Road, Pandari Road, Baloda Bazar Road, Nardha Raipur Road, VIP Road, Atal Path Expressway.

The Raipur–Naya Raipur Expressway Narrowguage Expressway also known as "Atal Path Expressway Raipur" is an access controlled expressway 12.7-kilometre (7.9 mi) expressway connecting Raipur to Naya Raipur in India. It has been made to ease the traffic in GE road and provide faster access to Dhamtari road from Raipur railway station. It serves 4 flyovers and 1 elevated corridor crossing over GE road and NH53 in between two ends of expressway.

Bus transport

A newly constructed Bus Stand Sri Balaji Swami Trust Sri Dudhadhari Math Inter State Bus Terminal or ISBT Raipur is located at Ravanbhantha is the main Bus Stand of the city. It has replaced the old Minimata Bus Stand or Pandri Stand which was creating traffic problems. The services of ISBT have been started from 15th November 2021. Raipur and Naya Raipur BRTS bus services run between Old Raipur and Naya Raipur.

Railways

Raipur Junction railway station is the primary railway station of the city which is situated on the Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line of the Indian Railways (via Bhusawal, Nagpur, Gondia, Bilaspur, Rourkela, Kharagpur) and is connected with most major cities. It is categorized in the A-1 category of railway stations by the Indian Railways. Some small railway stations are also present here for local trains like Sarona, Saraswati Nagar, and WRS Colony railway stations. They also lie on the same Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line.

Airport

Swami Vivekananda Airport or Mana Airport is the primary airport serving the state of Chhattisgarh. The airport is located, 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Raipur near Naya Raipur.

Raipur is well connected by daily direct flights to Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, Kolkata, Bangalore, Pune, Chennai, Goa, Lucknow, Indore, Ahmedabad, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Thiruvananthapuram, Prayagraj, Jharsuguda and Jagdalpur operated by Air India, IndiGo and Vistara.^[29]

List of mayors


Term of office	Name	Party
07.01.2020 Till Date	Aijaz Dhebar	Indian National Congress
07.01.2015 07.01.2020	Pramod Dubey	Indian National Congress
05.01.2010 07.01.2015	Kiranmayi Nayak	Indian National Congress
05.01.2004 05.01.2010	Sunil Kumar Soni	BJP
04.01.2000 25.12.2003	Tarun Prasad Chatterjee	Indian National Congress
05.01.1995 04.01.2000	Balbeer Juneja	Indian National Congress
27.02.1985 04.01.1995	Administrator
11.09.1984 26.02.1985	Santosh Agrawal	Indian National Congress
27.02.1983 10.09.1984	Tarun Prasad chatterjee	Indian National Congress
27.02.1982 26.02.1983	Swaroop Chand Jain	Indian National Congress
27.02.1981 27.02.1982	S.R.Murthi	Indian National Congress
27.02.1980 27.02.1981	Swaroop Chand Jain	Indian National Congress

Education

Raipur has become a big educational hub of Chhattisgarh due to the presence of many institutes of national importance in engineering, management, medical and law. It is the only city in India which is home to IIM, NIT, AIIMS, Hidayatullah National Law University (HNLU), CIPET, Raipur, NIPER(Proposed) and IIIT.^[30]

Premier institutes

Government universities

Private universities and deemed universities

Commerce, engineering and management colleges

Secondary education

Media

News channels

Many local news channels are telecast from Raipur in Hindi:

News channels	Language
CG 24 news channel CG	Hindi
IBC24	Hindi
Khabar Bharti	Hindi
Grand News (Cable Network)	Hindi
ETV MP Chhattisgarh	Hindi
Sadhna News	Hindi
Sahara Samay Channel	Hindi
Zee MP CG	Hindi
India News MP CG	Hindi
Bansal News	Hindi
Abhi Tak (Cable Network)	Hindi
Inh News	Hindi

Newspapers

Many national and local newspapers are published from Raipur both in Hindi and English:

Newspaper	Language
Dainik Bhaskar	Hindi
Dainik Vishwa Pariwar	Hindi
Patrika	Hindi
Nava Bharat	Hindi
Deshbandhu	Hindi
Nai Duniya	Hindi
Haribhoomi	Hindi
The Times of India	English
The Central Chronicle	English
Hindustan Times	English
Hindustan	Hindi
The Hitavada	English
The Pioneer	English
Business Standard	English, Hindi
Business Bhaskar	English, Hindi

Radio

Raipur city has five FM Radio Stations -

Frequency Modulation	Channel	Slogan
94.3 FM	MY FM	Jio Dil Se
95.0 FM	FM Tadka	Sound's Good
98.3 FM	Radio Mirchi	Mirchi Sunane Wale Always Khush
101.6 FM	All India Radio Raipur & Vividh Bharti	Desh Ki Surili Dhadkan
104.8 FM	Radio Rangila	Jamm ke suno

Notable people

Abdul Qadir Raipuri, a spiritual reformer and guide of Islam.
Anurag Basu, noted Bollywood movie director, born in Raipur and later moved to the neighboring city of Bhilai.
Habib Tanvir, noted theater artist and playwright, born in Raipur in 1923.
Harinath De, Indian historian, scholar, and a polyglot, later became the first Indian librarian of the National Library of India (then Imperial Library) spent his childhood and did his initial schooling in Raipur.
Harshad Mehta, infamous stockbroker, spent his childhood in Raipur after his parents moved here from Mumbai.
K. S. Sudarshan, former chief of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, born in Raipur in 1931.
Lucky Ali, noted Bollywood singer/composer/actor did a part of his schooling from Rajkumar College, Raipur^[31]
Mohammad Hidayatullah, former Chief Justice of India and former acting president of India, received his primary education at the Government High School of Raipur until 1922.
Ravishankar Shukla, the first Chief Minister of the state of Madhya Pradesh, spent his childhood and was educated in Raipur.
Shekhar Sen, musical mono-act player, born and raised in Raipur.
Swami Vivekananda spent two years of his teenage in Raipur from 1877 till 1879 when his father was transferred here.^[32]
Swami Vivekananda spent 2 years of his teenage in this building at Raipur
Teejan Bai, traditional performing artist for Pandavani.
Vallabhacharya, a Hindu theologian and philosopher born in the village of Champaran about 60 km (37 mi) away from Raipur in 1479
Veer Narayan Singh,^[33]^[34] freedom fighter, jailed at Raipur by the British Army.
Vidya Charan Shukla, former Union Minister and a nine-term parliamentarian, born in Raipur

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 "Raipur City".
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 "Cities having population 1 lakh and above, Census 2011" (PDF). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). censusindia. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
↑ Ajit Kumar Jha (8 July 2018). "Credible Chhattisgarh". State of the States. India Today. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via INDIATODAY.IN.
↑ {{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indore-awarded-cleanest-city-in-annual-survey-varanasi-tops-ganga-town-category-top-10-list-101637390051543.html
↑ "AP, ODISHA & Madhya Pradesh Bag award of Three Best Performing States In "Ease of Living Index"". pib.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
↑ Pioneer, The. "Raipur beats Indore, Bhopal in Ease of living Index". The Pioneer. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
↑ Pioneer, The. "Raipur, Bilaspur excel in Municipal Performance Index". The Pioneer. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
↑ "Raipur Heritage and History". raipur-heritage.mapunity.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2 January 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
↑ "Sex Ratio". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 22 September 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
↑ "Chapter–3 (Literates and Literacy rate)" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
↑ "Chhattisgarh Details, Chhattisgarh Online, Chhattisgarh Information, Chhattisgarh State". Walkincg.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 ^14.2 ^14.3 ^14.4 Yumpu.com. "RAIPUR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION - Nagar Nigam Raipur". yumpu.com. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 Raipur MC. "Raipur MC".
↑ ^16.0 ^16.1 ^16.2 "Raipur MC Website".
↑ ^17.0 ^17.1 "Raipur Nagar Nigam".
↑ "Raipur Mun C".
↑ "Raipur city data" (PDF).
↑ "Budget Raipur" (PDF).
↑ ^21.0 ^21.1 ^21.2 "Organisation Chart | District Raipur ,Government of Chhattisgarh | India". Retrieved 9 November 2020.
↑ "Raipur Master Plan 2021 Report, Raipur Master Plan 2021 Map, Details". Affordable Housing Live. 30 May 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
↑ ^23.0 ^23.1 "Live Results: Raipur Lok Sabha Constituency (CHHATTISGARH)". News18. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
↑ "Raipur City West Assembly constituency (Chhattisgarh): Full details, live and past results". News18. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
↑ "Data Raipur".
↑ ^26.0 ^26.1 "Official website of Director General Home Guards, CD, F & E Services and SDRF,gov.of C.G, India |". cghgcd.gov.in. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
↑ ^27.0 ^27.1 ^27.2 "Raipur Waste" (PDF).
↑ ^28.0 ^28.1 "RaipurDataSet".
↑ "Raipur gets air connectivity with 17 cities in country". The Pioneer. 1 November 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
↑ "Songs of Lucky Ali Bollywood Songs". Jhunkar.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
↑ "Reminiscences of Swami Vivekananda – Frank Parlato Jr. - Bhupendranath Datta". Vivekananda.net. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
↑ "EXECUTION OF VEER NARAYAN SINGH". indianpost.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
↑ Veer Narayan Singh

External links

[Raipur_City-1] 1.0 ^1.1 "Raipur City".

[population-2] 2.0 ^2.1 "Cities having population 1 lakh and above, Census 2011" (PDF). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2014.

[UA-3] 3.0 ^3.1 "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). censusindia. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2014.

[IT_2018-07-08-4] Ajit Kumar Jha (8 July 2018). "Credible Chhattisgarh". State of the States. India Today. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via INDIATODAY.IN.

[5] {{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indore-awarded-cleanest-city-in-annual-survey-varanasi-tops-ganga-town-category-top-10-list-101637390051543.html

[6] "AP, ODISHA & Madhya Pradesh Bag award of Three Best Performing States In "Ease of Living Index"". pib.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.

[7] Pioneer, The. "Raipur beats Indore, Bhopal in Ease of living Index". The Pioneer. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.

[8] Pioneer, The. "Raipur, Bilaspur excel in Municipal Performance Index". The Pioneer. Retrieved 24 May 2021.

[9] "Raipur Heritage and History". raipur-heritage.mapunity.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.

[10] "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2 January 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[11] "Sex Ratio". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 22 September 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2014.

[12] "Chapter–3 (Literates and Literacy rate)" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2014.

[13] "Chhattisgarh Details, Chhattisgarh Online, Chhattisgarh Information, Chhattisgarh State". Walkincg.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2012.

[:5-14] 14.0 ^14.1 ^14.2 ^14.3 ^14.4 Yumpu.com. "RAIPUR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION - Nagar Nigam Raipur". yumpu.com. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

[:0-15] 15.0 ^15.1 Raipur MC. "Raipur MC".

[:1-16] 16.0 ^16.1 ^16.2 "Raipur MC Website".

[:2-17] 17.0 ^17.1 "Raipur Nagar Nigam".

[18] "Raipur Mun C".

[19] "Raipur city data" (PDF).

[20] "Budget Raipur" (PDF).

[raipur.gov.in-21] 21.0 ^21.1 ^21.2 "Organisation Chart | District Raipur ,Government of Chhattisgarh | India". Retrieved 9 November 2020.

[22] "Raipur Master Plan 2021 Report, Raipur Master Plan 2021 Map, Details". Affordable Housing Live. 30 May 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

[news18.com-23] 23.0 ^23.1 "Live Results: Raipur Lok Sabha Constituency (CHHATTISGARH)". News18. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

[24] "Raipur City West Assembly constituency (Chhattisgarh): Full details, live and past results". News18. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

[25] "Data Raipur".

[cghgcd.gov.in-26] 26.0 ^26.1 "Official website of Director General Home Guards, CD, F & E Services and SDRF,gov.of C.G, India |". cghgcd.gov.in. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

[:3-27] 27.0 ^27.1 ^27.2 "Raipur Waste" (PDF).

[:4-28] 28.0 ^28.1 "RaipurDataSet".

[29] "Raipur gets air connectivity with 17 cities in country". The Pioneer. 1 November 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2021.

[30] "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[31] "Songs of Lucky Ali Bollywood Songs". Jhunkar.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.

[32] "Reminiscences of Swami Vivekananda – Frank Parlato Jr. - Bhupendranath Datta". Vivekananda.net. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.

[33] "EXECUTION OF VEER NARAYAN SINGH". indianpost.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015.

[34] Veer Narayan Singh

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v t e State of Chhattisgarh
Capital: Raipur (Current) Naya Raipur (Future)
Governance	Legislature Chief Ministers Governors High Court Police Human Rights Commission
Topics	Education Election Language Music People Tourism Highest point
Divisions	Raipur Bilaspur Durg Bastar Sarguja
Districts	Balod Baloda Bazar Balrampur Bastar Bemetara Bijapur Bilaspur Dantewada Dhamtari Durg Gariaban Janjgir–Champa Jashpur Kawardha Kanker Kondagaon Korba Koriya Mahasamund Mungeli Narayanpur Raigarh Raipur Rajnandgaon Sukma Surajpur Surguja
Cities	Ambikapur Bhilai Bilaspur Charoda Dhamtari Durg Jagdalpur Korba Naya Raipur Raipur Raigarh Rajnandgaon
Chhattisgarh

v t e Million-plus agglomerations in India
North	Chandigarh Delhi Haryana: Faridabad Jammu and Kashmir: Srinagar Punjab: Ludhiana Amritsar Rajasthan: Jaipur Jodhpur Kota
Central	Chhattisgarh: Raipur Bhilai Madhya Pradesh: Indore Bhopal Jabalpur Gwalior Uttar Pradesh: Kanpur Lucknow Ghaziabad Agra Varanasi Meerut Prayagraj
Eastern	Bihar: Patna Jharkhand: Jamshedpur Dhanbad Ranchi West Bengal: Kolkata Asansol
Western	Gujarat: Ahmedabad Surat Vadodara Rajkot Maharashtra: Mumbai Pune Nagpur Nashik Vasai-Virar Aurangabad
Southern	Andhra Pradesh: Visakhapatnam Vijayawada Karnataka: Bangalore Kerala: Kochi Kozhikode Thrissur Malappuram Thiruvananthapuram Kannur Kollam Tamil Nadu: Chennai Coimbatore Madurai Tiruchirappalli Telangana: Hyderabad

v t e State and Union Territory capitals of India
Administrative	Agartala Aizawl Amaravati (de facto) Bangalore Bhopal Bhubaneswar Chandigarh Chennai Daman Dehradun Dispur Gandhinagar Gangtok Hyderabad Imphal Itanagar Jaipur Jammu (winter) Kargil (winter) Kavaratti Kohima Kolkata Leh (summer) Lucknow Mumbai Naya Raipur New Delhi Panaji Patna Pondicherry Port Blair Ranchi Shillong Shimla Srinagar (summer) Thiruvananthapuram
Legislative	Agartala Aizawl Amaravati Bangalore Bhopal Bhubaneswar Chandigarh Chennai Dharamshala (winter) Dehradun (winter) Gairsain (summer) Gandhinagar Gangtok Guwahati Hyderabad Imphal Itanagar Jaipur Jammu (winter) Kohima Kolkata Lucknow Mumbai (summer) Nagpur (winter) New Delhi Patna Pondicherry Porvorim Raipur Ranchi Shillong Shimla (summer) Srinagar (summer) Thiruvananthapuram
Judicial	Agartala Ahmedabad Allahabad Amaravati Bangalore Bilaspur Chandigarh Chennai Cuttack Gangtok Guwahati Hyderabad Imphal Jabalpur Jodhpur Jammu (winter) Kochi Kolkata Mumbai Nainital New Delhi Patna Ranchi Shillong Shimla Srinagar (summer)