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The '''Bhil languages''' are a group of [[Indo-Aryan languages]] spoken | The '''Bhil languages''' are a group of [[Indo-Aryan languages]] spoken by around 10.4 million [[Bhil]]s in western and central [[India]] as of 2011.<ref name="Cenus2011">{{cite web |title=ABSTRACT OF SPEAKERS' STRENGTH OF LANGUAGES AND MOTHER TONGUES - 2011 |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Statement-1.pdf |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=Indian Census 2011, Government of India |access-date=7 July 2018}}</ref> They constitute the primary languages of the southern [[Aravalli Range]] in [[Rajasthan]] and the western [[Satpura Range]] in [[Madhya Pradesh]], northwestern Maharashtra, and southern Gujarat. According to the 52nd report of the commissioner for linguistic minorities in India, [[Ministry of Minority Affairs (India)|Ministry of Minority Affairs]], Bhili is the most commonly spoken language of the [[union territory]] of [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]] constituting 40.42% of its total population. Bhili speakers are also significant in the states of [[Gujarat]] (4.75%), [[Madhya Pradesh]] (4.93%) and [[Rajasthan]] (4.60%).<ref name="MoMA">{{cite web |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015) |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, [[Ministry of Minority Affairs]], [[Government of India]] |access-date=21 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> | ||
==Relationship == | ==Relationship == | ||
The Bhil languages form a link midway between the [[Gujarati language]] and the [[Rajasthani–Marwari]] languages. | The Bhil languages form a link midway between the [[Gujarati language]] and the [[Rajasthani–Marwari]] languages. | ||
Grouped geographically, the Bhil languages are the following: | |||
*Northern Bhil | *Northern Bhil | ||
**[[Bauria language|Bauria]] | **[[Bauria language|Bauria]] | ||
**[[Wagdi language|Wagdi]] (perhaps central: reportedly highly intelligible | **[[Wagdi language|Wagdi]] (perhaps central: reportedly highly intelligible with Adiwasa, Patelia, and other varieties of Bhil proper) | ||
**[[Bhilori language|Bhilori]] (Noiri, Dungra) | **[[Bhilori language|Bhilori]] (Noiri, Dungra) | ||
**[[Magari language|Magari]] (Magra ki Boli; incl. under Bhili proper in ''Ethnologue'') | **[[Magari language|Magari]] (Magra ki Boli; incl. under Bhili proper in ''Ethnologue'') | ||
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**[[Rathwi Bareli language|Rathwi Bareli]] | **[[Rathwi Bareli language|Rathwi Bareli]] | ||
**[[Pardhi language|Pardhi]] | **[[Pardhi language|Pardhi]] | ||
**[[Kalto language|Kalto]] (Nahali) | |||
[[ | Other Bhil languages include [[Gamit language|Gamit]] (Gamti) and [[Mawchi language|Mawchi]]. [[Vasavi language|Vasavi]] is spoken by ethnic Bhils, but may be closer to Gujarati. Similarly, [[Malvi language|Malvi]] and [[Nimadi language|Nimadi]] may be closer to Rajasthani. The recently described [[Vaagri Booli]] may also be a Bhil language. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
* Khare, Randhir. [http://www.randhirkhare.in/literary-career.html "Dangs: Journeys Into The Heartland". New Delhi: Harper Collins Publishers India.] | * Khare, Randhir. [http://www.randhirkhare.in/literary-career.html "Dangs: Journeys Into The Heartland". New Delhi: Harper Collins Publishers India.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219101516/http://www.randhirkhare.in/literary-career.html |date=19 February 2015 }} | ||
* Khare, Randhir. [http://www.randhirkhare.in/literary-career.html "Flight Of Arrows". Selected Song Poems Of The Bhils.Pune:Grasswork Books] | * Khare, Randhir. [http://www.randhirkhare.in/literary-career.html "Flight Of Arrows". Selected Song Poems Of The Bhils.Pune:Grasswork Books] | ||
* Khare, Randhir. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150219101516/http://www.randhirkhare.in/literary-career.html ''The Singing Bow: Song-Poems of the Bhil''. New Delhi: HarperCollins Publishers India, 2001.] {{ISBN|81-7223-425-2}} | * Khare, Randhir. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150219101516/http://www.randhirkhare.in/literary-career.html ''The Singing Bow: Song-Poems of the Bhil''. New Delhi: HarperCollins Publishers India, 2001.] {{ISBN|81-7223-425-2}} | ||
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{{India-culture-stub}} | {{India-culture-stub}} | ||
{{IndoAryan-lang-stub}} | {{IndoAryan-lang-stub}} | ||
Revision as of 00:31, 17 August 2021
| Bhil | |
|---|---|
| Ethnicity | Bhil people |
| Geographic distribution | India |
| Linguistic classification | Indo-European |
| Subdivisions |
|
| Glottolog | bhil1254 |
 Bhili-speaking regions of India | |
The Bhil languages are a group of Indo-Aryan languages spoken by around 10.4 million Bhils in western and central India as of 2011.[1] They constitute the primary languages of the southern Aravalli Range in Rajasthan and the western Satpura Range in Madhya Pradesh, northwestern Maharashtra, and southern Gujarat. According to the 52nd report of the commissioner for linguistic minorities in India, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Bhili is the most commonly spoken language of the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli constituting 40.42% of its total population. Bhili speakers are also significant in the states of Gujarat (4.75%), Madhya Pradesh (4.93%) and Rajasthan (4.60%).[2]
Relationship
The Bhil languages form a link midway between the Gujarati language and the Rajasthani–Marwari languages.
Grouped geographically, the Bhil languages are the following:
- Northern Bhil
- Central Bhil
- Eastern Bhil (Bareli)
- Palya Bareli
- Pauri Bareli
- Rathwi Bareli
- Pardhi
- Kalto (Nahali)
Other Bhil languages include Gamit (Gamti) and Mawchi. Vasavi is spoken by ethnic Bhils, but may be closer to Gujarati. Similarly, Malvi and Nimadi may be closer to Rajasthani. The recently described Vaagri Booli may also be a Bhil language.
References
- ↑ "ABSTRACT OF SPEAKERS' STRENGTH OF LANGUAGES AND MOTHER TONGUES - 2011" (PDF). www.censusindia.gov.in. Indian Census 2011, Government of India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- ↑ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
Further reading
- Khare, Randhir. "Dangs: Journeys Into The Heartland". New Delhi: Harper Collins Publishers India. Archived 19 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- Khare, Randhir. "Flight Of Arrows". Selected Song Poems Of The Bhils.Pune:Grasswork Books
- Khare, Randhir. The Singing Bow: Song-Poems of the Bhil. New Delhi: HarperCollins Publishers India, 2001. ISBN 81-7223-425-2
- Varma, Siddheshwar. Bhil Dialects and Khandesi: A Linguistic Analysis. Panjab University Indological series, 23. Hoshiarpur: Vishveshvaranand Vishva Bandhu Institute of Sanskrit and Indological Studies, Panjab University, 1978.
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