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'''Dharmavati''' is a [[rāga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 59th ''[[Melakarta]]'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called '''''Dhaamavati''''' in [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school of Carnatic music.<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref><ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref> ''[[Madhuvanti]]'' is the nearest [[Hindustani music]] scale to ''Dharmavati''.<ref name="raganidhi" /> | '''Dharmavati''' is a [[rāga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 59th ''[[Melakarta]]'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called '''''Dhaamavati''''' in [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school of Carnatic music.<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref><ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref> ''[[Madhuvanti]]'' is the nearest [[Hindustani music]] scale to ''Dharmavati''.<ref name="raganidhi" /> | ||
==Structure and Lakshana== | |||
[[Image:Dharmavati scale.svg|thumb|right|300px|''Dharmavati'' scale with Shadjam at C]] | |||
It is the 5th rāgam in the 10th ''chakra Disi''. The mnemonic name is ''Disi-Ma''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ri gi mi pa dhi nu''.<ref name="ragas" /> Its {{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}} structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see ''[[Swara#Swaras in Carnatic music|swaras in Carnatic music]]'' for details on below notation and terms): | |||
*[[Arohana|{{IAST|ārohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S|R2|G2|M2|P|D2|N3|S'|foot=yes}} | |||
*[[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S'|N3|D2|P|M2|G2|R2|S|foot=yes}} | |||
(the notes in this scale are ''chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, prati madhyamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham, kakali nishadham'') | |||
As it is a ''melakarta'' rāgam, by definition it is a [[sampoorna raga|''sampoorna'' rāgam]] (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the ''prati madhyamam'' equivalent of ''[[Gourimanohari]]'', which is the 23rd ''melakarta''. | |||
== ''Janya'' rāgams == | |||
''Dharmavati'' has a few ''[[janya]]'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which ''[[Madhuvanti]]'', ''[[Ranjani]]'' and ''[[Vijayanagari]]'' are popular in concerts. See ''[[List of Janya Ragas#Dharmavati|List of janya rāgams]]'' for all rāgams associated with ''Dharmavati''. | |||
== Compositions == | |||
Here are a few common compositions sung in concerts, set to ''Dharmavati''. | |||
*''Parandaamavati Jayathi'' by [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] (includes the name of rāgam ''Dhaamavati'' in the lyrics) | |||
*''Ododi vandhen kanna'' by [[Ambujam Krishna]] | |||
*''Bhajana Seyada Rada'' by [[Mysore Vasudevachar]] | |||
*''Vashama Nee'' by [[M. Balamuralikrishna]] | |||
''Mullai Oorntha'', ancient Tamil [[Sangam period]] [[Kuruntokai]] poetry was set to Dharmavati ragam by [[Rajan Somasundaram|Composer Rajan]] in the album [[Sandham- Symphony Meets Classical Tamil]]. Notable film composers like T.G.Lingappa, [[Ilaiyaraja]] and later [[A. R. Rahman]] have composed [[film song]]s based on the scale of ''Dharmavati''. [[T. G. Lingappa|T.G.Lingappa]] composed song such as 'kanasalli bandavanyare' ([[Shruthi Seridaaga|Shruti seridaga]]). [[Ilaiyaraja]] composed songs such as 'Meendum Meedum Vaa' ([[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]]), 'Andhela Ravamidhi', ([[Swarna Kamalam]]), 'Vaanaville' ([[Ramanaa (film)|Ramana]]), 'Nataraaja paadaalu' ([[Aalaapana]]) in this raaga while Rahman composed "[[Ottagathai Kattiko]]", in the 1993 Tamil film ''[[Gentleman (1993 film)|Gentleman]]'', based on the ''Dharmavati'' scale. | |||
==Film Songs== | |||
===Language:[[Tamil language|Tamil]]=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!style="background:#1E90FF" |Song | |||
!style="background:#1E90FF" |Movie | |||
!style="background:#1E90FF" |Composer | |||
!style="background:#1E90FF" |Singer | |||
|- | |||
|Kaadhal Kaadhal Endru Pesa | |||
|[[Uttharavindri Ulle Vaa]] | |||
|rowspan=6|[[M. S. Viswanathan]] | |||
|[[P. Susheela]],M. L. Srikanth | |||
|- | |||
|Ammaanai | |||
|[[Avan Oru Sarithiram]] | |||
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[Vani Jayaram]] | |||
|- | |||
|Hello My Dear Wrong Number | |||
|[[Manmadha Leelai]] | |||
|[[K.J. Yesudas]], [[L. R. Eswari]] | |||
|- | |||
|Mella Pesungal Pirar | |||
|[[Kasethan Kadavulada]] | |||
|Kovai Soundarajan, [[L. R. Eswari]] | |||
|- | |||
|Oomai Pennai Pesa Sonnal | |||
|[[Alaigal (film)|Alaigal]] | |||
|[[S. Janaki]] | |||
|- | |||
|Kaalai Maalai | |||
|[[Gnana Paravai]] | |||
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[K.S. Chitra]] | |||
|- | |||
|Aayiram Nilave Vaa | |||
|[[Adimai Penn]] | |||
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]] | |||
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[P. Susheela]] | |||
|- | |||
|Nandhaa En Nila | |||
|Nandhaa En Nila | |||
|[[V. Dakshinamoorthy]] | |||
|rowspan="4"|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] | |||
|- | |||
|Ilam Solai Poothadhal | |||
|[[Unakkaagave Vaazhgiren]] | |||
|rowspan="8"|[[Illayaraja]] | |||
|- | |||
|Konji Konji | |||
|[[Veera (1994 film)|Veera]] | |||
|- | |||
|Natarajan Kudi Konda | |||
|Salangaiyil Oru Sangeetham | |||
|- | |||
|Yennullil Yengo | |||
|[[Rosappu Ravikkaikari]] | |||
|[[Vani Jairam]] | |||
|- | |||
|Vaazhvae Maayama | |||
|[[Gaayathri]] | |||
|B. S. Sasirekha | |||
|- | |||
|Vaanaville Vaanaville | |||
|[[Ramanaa]] | |||
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sadhana Sargam]],Illayaraja | |||
|- | |||
|Hey Aiyasamy | |||
|[[Varusham Padhinaaru]] | |||
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K.S. Chitra]] | |||
|- | |||
|Meendum Meendum va | |||
|[[Vikram (1986 Tamil film)|Vikram]] | |||
|rowspan="2"|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]] | |||
|- | |||
|Otagatho Kattiko | |||
|[[Gentleman (1993 film)|Gentleman]] | |||
|rowspan="2"|[[A. R. Rahman]] | |||
|- | |||
|Idhu Sugam | |||
|[[Vandicholai Chinraasu]] | |||
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Vani Jairam]] | |||
|- | |||
|Padal Naan Pada | |||
|Idhu Oru Thodarkathai | |||
|[[Gangai Amaran]] | |||
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] | |||
|- | |||
|Oh Swarnamuki | |||
|[[Karuppu Vellai]] | |||
|rowspan=2|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]] | |||
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K.S. Chitra]] | |||
|- | |||
|Ulagathil Ulla | |||
|[[Thai Poranthachu]] | |||
|rowspan=2|[[P. Unnikrishnan]], [[Sujatha Mohan]] | |||
|- | |||
|Un Samayalarayil | |||
|[[Dhill]] | |||
|rowspan="3"|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]] | |||
|- | |||
|Thavaminri kidaitha | |||
|[[Anbu (2003 film)|Anbu]] | |||
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sadhana Sargam]] | |||
|- | |||
|Silendra Theepori Ondru | |||
|[[Thithikudhe]] | |||
|[[Sujatha Mohan]] | |||
|- | |||
|Tha Thi Thom | |||
|[[Azhagan]] | |||
|[[M. M. Keeravaani]] | |||
|[[K.S. Chitra]] | |||
|- | |||
|Un Azhagukku | |||
|[[Aalavandhan]] | |||
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]] | |||
|[[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Sujatha Mohan]] | |||
|- | |||
|Kanaa Kaanum Kaalangal | |||
|[[7G Rainbow Colony]] | |||
|rowspan="4"|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]] | |||
|[[Harish Raghavendra]], [[Srimathumitha]], [[Ustad Sultan Khan]] | |||
|- | |||
|Kanda Naal Mudhalai (Ragam Madhuvanti) | |||
|[[Kanda Naal Mudhal]] | |||
|Subhiksha, Pooja | |||
|- | |||
|Eno Uyirmele | |||
|[[Punnagai Poove]] | |||
|[[Bhavatharini]] | |||
|- | |||
|Vaada Bin Lada | |||
|[[Mankatha]] | |||
|[[Krish (singer)|Krish]], [[Suchitra]] | |||
|- | |||
|Enakena Yerkanave | |||
|[[Parthen Rasithen]] | |||
|rowspan="3"|[[Bharathwaj]] | |||
|[[P. Unnikrishnan]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]] | |||
|- | |||
|Idhu Kathala | |||
|[[February 14 (film)|February 14]] | |||
|[[Haricharan]] | |||
|- | |||
|Aayiram Yaanai | |||
|[[Vallamai Tharayo]] | |||
|[[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Chinmayi]] | |||
|- | |||
|Unnai Thinam Ethirparthen | |||
|[[Kadhaludan]] | |||
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]] | |||
|Prasanna, [[P. Unnikrishnan]] | |||
|- | |||
|Vaaney Vaaney | |||
|[[Viswasam]] | |||
|[[D. Imman]] | |||
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]] | |||
|- | |||
|Kanna Thoodhu Po Da | |||
|[[Putham Pudhu Kaalai]] | |||
|[[Govind Vasantha]] | |||
|[[Bombay Jayashri]] | |||
|- | |||
|Omkara Pranava Mantra Swaroopam | |||
|[[Maaligai]] | |||
|Mahesh Mahadev | |||
|[[Priyadarshini (singer)|Priyadarshini]] | |||
|} | |||
==Related rāgams== | ==Related rāgams== | ||
| Line 26: | Line 218: | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[List of Film Songs based on Ragas]] | *[[List of Film Songs based on Ragas]] | ||
Latest revision as of 03:18, 14 August 2023
| Arohanam | S R₂ G₂ M₂ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ |
|---|---|
| Avarohanam | Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₂ G₂ R₂ S |
| Carnatic music |
|---|
 |
| Concepts |
| Compositions |
| Instruments |
|
Dharmavati is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 59th Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Dhaamavati in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.[1][2] Madhuvanti is the nearest Hindustani music scale to Dharmavati.[2]
Structure and Lakshana[edit]
It is the 5th rāgam in the 10th chakra Disi. The mnemonic name is Disi-Ma. The mnemonic phrase is sa ri gi mi pa dhi nu.[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
- ārohaṇa: S R₂ G₂ M₂ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ[lower-alpha 1]
- avarohaṇa: Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₂ G₂ R₂ S[lower-alpha 2]
(the notes in this scale are chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, prati madhyamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham, kakali nishadham)
As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the prati madhyamam equivalent of Gourimanohari, which is the 23rd melakarta.
Janya rāgams[edit]
Dharmavati has a few janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which Madhuvanti, Ranjani and Vijayanagari are popular in concerts. See List of janya rāgams for all rāgams associated with Dharmavati.
Compositions[edit]
Here are a few common compositions sung in concerts, set to Dharmavati.
- Parandaamavati Jayathi by Muthuswami Dikshitar (includes the name of rāgam Dhaamavati in the lyrics)
- Ododi vandhen kanna by Ambujam Krishna
- Bhajana Seyada Rada by Mysore Vasudevachar
- Vashama Nee by M. Balamuralikrishna
Mullai Oorntha, ancient Tamil Sangam period Kuruntokai poetry was set to Dharmavati ragam by Composer Rajan in the album Sandham- Symphony Meets Classical Tamil. Notable film composers like T.G.Lingappa, Ilaiyaraja and later A. R. Rahman have composed film songs based on the scale of Dharmavati. T.G.Lingappa composed song such as 'kanasalli bandavanyare' (Shruti seridaga). Ilaiyaraja composed songs such as 'Meendum Meedum Vaa' (Vikram), 'Andhela Ravamidhi', (Swarna Kamalam), 'Vaanaville' (Ramana), 'Nataraaja paadaalu' (Aalaapana) in this raaga while Rahman composed "Ottagathai Kattiko", in the 1993 Tamil film Gentleman, based on the Dharmavati scale.
Film Songs[edit]
Language:Tamil[edit]
Related rāgams[edit]
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.
Dharmavati's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 2 other Melakarta rāgams, namely, Chakravakam and Sarasangi. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Dharmavati.