Jharkhand Mukti Morcha: Difference between revisions

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| party_name    = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha <br /> {{small|Jharkhand Liberation Front}}
| party_name    = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha <br /> {{small|Jharkhand Liberation Front}}
| party_logo    =
| party_logo    =
| colorcode      = {{Jharkhand Mukti Morcha/meta/color}}
| colorcode      = {{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
| founder        = [[Binod Bihari Mahato]]
| founder        = [[Binod Bihari Mahato]], [[Shibu Soren]], [[Arun Kumar Roy]]
|leader    = [[Hemant Soren]]
|leader    = [[Hemant Soren]]
|president = [[Shibu Soren]]
|president = [[Shibu Soren]]
|secretary =  Binod Pandey
|secretary =  [[Supriya Bhattacharya]]
|loksabha_leader  = [[Vijay Kumar Hansdak]]
|loksabha_leader  = [[Vijay Kumar Hansda]]
| foundation    = {{Start date and age|1972|11|15|df=yes}}
| foundation    = {{Start date and age|1972|11|15|df=yes}}
| headquarters  =  Bariatu Road, [[Ranchi]], [[Jharkhand]] – 834008
| headquarters  =  Bariatu Road, [[Ranchi]], [[Jharkhand]] – 834008
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| ideology      =  
| ideology      =  
| position      =  
| position      =  
| loksabha_seats = {{Composition bar|1|543|hex={{Jharkhand Mukti Morcha/meta/color}}}}<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections/jharkhand-lok-sabha-election-results-2019|title=Jharkhand Lok Sabha Election Results 2019|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>
| loksabha_seats = {{Composition bar|1|543|hex={{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}}}<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections/jharkhand-lok-sabha-election-results-2019|title=Jharkhand Lok Sabha Election Results 2019|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>
| state_seats_name = [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]
| state_seats_name = [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]
| state_seats      = {{Composition bar|30|81|hex={{Jharkhand Mukti Morcha/meta/color}}}}
| state_seats      = {{Composition bar|30|81|hex={{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}}}
| publication    =  
| publication    =  
| symbol        = [[File:Indian Election Symbol Bow And Arrow.png|150px]]
| symbol        = [[File:Indian Election Symbol Bow And Arrow.png|150px]]
| no_states      = {{Composition bar|1|31|hex={{Jharkhand Mukti Morcha/meta/color}}}}
| no_states      = {{Composition bar|1|31|hex={{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}}}
| website        = {{URL|https://jmmjharkhand.in}}
| website        = {{URL|https://jmmjharkhand.in}}
|rajyasabha_seats={{Composition bar|1|245|hex={{Jharkhand Mukti Morcha/meta/color}}}}<ref name="auto"/>|women=Jharkhand Mahila Morcha|rajyasabha_leader=[[Shibu Soren]]|abbreviation=JMM|Colours=|colours={{colour box|{{Jharkhand Mukti Morcha/meta/color}}}} Green}}
|rajyasabha_seats={{Composition bar|1|245|hex={{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}}}<ref name="auto"/>|women=Jharkhand Mahila Morcha|rajyasabha_leader=[[Shibu Soren]]|abbreviation=JMM|Colours=|colours={{colour box|{{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}}} Green}}
'''Jharkhand Mukti Morcha''' ('''JMM''') ([[translation]]: ''Jharkhand Liberation Front'') is a state political party in the [[India]]n state of [[Jharkhand]] which was founded by [[Binod Bihari Mahato]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/saffron-munda-loves-everything-green-bjp-cries-neglect-as-chief-minister-warms-up-to-old-jmm-associates/cid/823787|title=Saffron Munda loves everything green - BJP cries neglect as chief minister warms up to old JMM associates|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref> It has one seat in the [[17th Lok Sabha]]. [[Shibu Soren]] is the president of the JMM. JMM is also an influential political party in the state of [[Odisha]] and parts of neighbouring of states. Its election symbol for Jharkhand is ''Bow and Arrow''.<ref>{{cite news |url =https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/shiv-sena-finds-jharkhand-mukti-morcha-has-first-right-to-symbol/lite/|title =Shiv Sena finds Jharkhand Mukti Morcha has first right to symbol|publisher =The Indian Express|quote =Shivsena's bow-and-arrow symbol is the same as that of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.|location =New Delhi|date =September 28, 2015|website =indianexpress.com |author =Pradeep Kaushal|access-date =28 April 2020}}</ref>
'''Jharkhand Mukti Morcha''' ([[Literal translation|lit.]] ''Jharkhand Liberation Front''; {{small|abbr.}} '''JMM''') is a [[Political parties in Jharkhand|State political party]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Jharkhand]] which was founded by [[Binod Bihari Mahato]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/saffron-munda-loves-everything-green-bjp-cries-neglect-as-chief-minister-warms-up-to-old-jmm-associates/cid/823787|title=Saffron Munda loves everything green - BJP cries neglect as chief minister warms up to old JMM associates|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref> It has one seat in the [[17th Lok Sabha]]. [[Shibu Soren]] is the president of the JMM. JMM is also an influential political party in the state of [[Odisha]] and parts of neighbouring of states. Its election symbol for Jharkhand is ''Bow and Arrow''.<ref>{{cite news |url =https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/shiv-sena-finds-jharkhand-mukti-morcha-has-first-right-to-symbol/lite/|title =Shiv Sena finds Jharkhand Mukti Morcha has first right to symbol|publisher =The Indian Express|quote =Shivsena's bow-and-arrow symbol is the same as that of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.|location =New Delhi|date =September 28, 2015|website =indianexpress.com |author =Pradeep Kaushal|access-date =28 April 2020}}</ref>


The party was officially created on the birthday of [[Birsa Munda]], the 19th century [[tribal]] warrior of Jharkhand, who fought against the [[British Empire|British]] rule in present-day Jharkhand.<ref>P. 522 ''Lok Sabha debates'' by [[India]]. Parliament. House of the People, India. Parliament. Lok Sabha</ref> The State of Jharkhand also came into existence on Birsa Munda's birthday in 2000.<ref>P. 200 ''Basic Facts of General Knowledge'' By Sura College of Competition, V.V.K.Subburaj</ref>
The party was officially created on the birthday of [[Birsa Munda]], the 19th century [[tribal]] warrior of Jharkhand, who fought against the [[British Empire|British]] rule in present-day Jharkhand.<ref>P. 522 ''Lok Sabha debates'' by [[India]]. Parliament. House of the People, India. Parliament. Lok Sabha</ref> The State of Jharkhand also came into existence on Birsa Munda's birthday in 2000.<ref>P. 200 ''Basic Facts of General Knowledge'' By Sura College of Competition, V.V.K.Subburaj</ref>
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[[Ram Dayal Munda]] reignited the movement for Jharkhand by unifying splinter groups among the tribals. Under his guidance the Jharkhand Coordination Committee was constituted in June 1987, comprising 48 organisations and group including the JMM factions. Due to [[Ram Dayal Munda]], [[Shibu Soren]], Suraj Mandal, [[Simon Marandi]], [[Shailendra Mahato]], and AJSU leaders like Surya Singh Besra and Prabhakar Tirkey briefly shared a political platform, but the JMM pulled out of JCC as it felt that 'the collective leadership was a farce'. The JMM/AJSU and JPP successfully orchestrated so-called [[bandh]]s, economic blockades in 1988–89 in the interim.
[[Ram Dayal Munda]] reignited the movement for Jharkhand by unifying splinter groups among the tribals. Under his guidance the Jharkhand Coordination Committee was constituted in June 1987, comprising 48 organisations and group including the JMM factions. Due to [[Ram Dayal Munda]], [[Shibu Soren]], Suraj Mandal, [[Simon Marandi]], [[Shailendra Mahato]], and AJSU leaders like Surya Singh Besra and Prabhakar Tirkey briefly shared a political platform, but the JMM pulled out of JCC as it felt that 'the collective leadership was a farce'. The JMM/AJSU and JPP successfully orchestrated so-called [[bandh]]s, economic blockades in 1988–89 in the interim.


==Jharkhand Chhatra Yuva Morcha==
==Jharkhand Yuva Morcha==


{{see also|Jharkhand Chhatra Morcha|Jharkhand Yuva Morcha}}
{{see also|Jharkhand Chhatra Morcha|Jharkhand Yuva Morcha}}
Jharkhand Chhatra Yuva Morcha (Jharkhand Student Youth Front), the youth and student wing of Jharkhand Mukti Morcha, was constituted at a conference in [[Ranchi]] 16 October 1991.
Jharkhand Yuva Morcha (Jharkhand Youth Front), And Jharkhand Chhatra Morcha (Jharkhand Student Front) the youth and student wing of Jharkhand Mukti Morcha, was constituted at a conference in [[Ranchi]] 16 October 1991.


==List of Chief Ministers ==
==List of Chief Ministers ==


{{main|List of chief ministers of Jharkhand}}
{{main|List of chief ministers of Jharkhand}}
Following is the list of the Chief Ministers of Jharkhand from [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] since the formation of the state on 9 November 2000:
Following is the list of the Chief Ministers of Jharkhand from Jharkhand Mukti Morcha since the formation of the state on 9 November 2000:


{| class="sortable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px #000000 solid; font-size: x-big; width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|-  
|-  
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | No.
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | №
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Chief Ministers
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Chief Minister
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Portrait  
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Portrait
! Colspan="3"  style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Term in Office
! colspan ="3"  style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Term in Office
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Assembly
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Assembly
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Constituency
! rowspan ="2" style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Constituency
Line 70: Line 70:
! style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Tenure
! style="background-color:#215B30; color:white" | Tenure
|-
|-
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| rowspan="3" |1
| rowspan="3" |1
| rowspan="3" |[[Shibu Soren]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Shibu Soren]]
| rowspan="3" |[[File:Shibu Soren.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan="3" |[[File:Shibu Soren.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan="1" |2 March 2005
| {{dts|2 March 2005}}
| rowspan="1" |12 March 2005
| {{dts|12 March 2005}}
| rowspan ="3" |308 days
| rowspan ="3" |308 days
| rowspan="2" |2nd Assembly
| rowspan="2" |2nd Assembly
| rowspan="3" |
| rowspan="3" |
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|-
| rowspan="1" |27 August 2008
| {{dts|27 August 2008}}
| rowspan="1" |19 January 2009
| {{dts|19 January 2009}}
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|-
| rowspan="1" |30 December 2009
| {{dts|30 December 2009}}
| rowspan="1" |1 June 2010
| {{dts|1 June 2010}}
| rowspan="1" |3rd Assembly
| 3rd Assembly
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|-
|
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| rowspan="2" |2
| rowspan="2" |2
| rowspan="2" |[[Hemant Soren]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Hemant Soren]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Chief Minister of Jharkhand Shri Hemant Soren.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Chief Minister of Jharkhand Shri Hemant Soren.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan="1" |13 July 2013
| {{dts|13 July 2013}}
| rowspan="1" |28 December 2014
| {{dts|28 December 2014}}
| rowspan ="1" | 1 year, 168 days
| 1 year, 168 days
| rowspan ="1" |3rd Assembly
| 3rd Assembly
| rowspan ="1" |[[Dumka (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dumka]]
| [[Dumka (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dumka]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|-
| rowspan="1" |29 December 2019
| {{dts|29 December 2019}}
| rowspan="1" |'''''Incumbent'''''
| '''''Incumbent'''''
| rowspan ="1" | {{Age in years and days|2019|12|29}}
| {{Age in years and days|2019|12|29}}
| rowspan ="1" |5th Assembly
| 5th Assembly
| rowspan ="1" |[[Barhait (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Barhait]]
| [[Barhait (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Barhait]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|-
|-
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 10:50, 22 April 2022



Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
Jharkhand Liberation Front
AbbreviationJMM
LeaderHemant Soren
PresidentShibu Soren
SecretarySupriya Bhattacharya
Lok Sabha leaderVijay Kumar Hansda
Rajya Sabha leaderShibu Soren
FounderBinod Bihari Mahato, Shibu Soren, Arun Kumar Roy
Founded15 November 1972; 52 years ago (1972-11-15)
HeadquartersBariatu Road, Ranchi, Jharkhand – 834008
Student wingJharkhand Chhatra Morcha
Youth wingJharkhand Yuva Morcha
Women's wingJharkhand Mahila Morcha
Colours  Green
ECI StatusState Party[1]
AllianceUnited Progressive Alliance
(2013 — Present)
Seats in Lok Sabha
1 / 543
[2]
Seats in Rajya Sabha
1 / 245
[2]
Seats in Jharkhand Legislative Assembly
30 / 81
Number of states and union territories in government
1 / 31
Election symbol
Indian Election Symbol Bow And Arrow.png
Website
jmmjharkhand.in

Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (lit. Jharkhand Liberation Front; abbr. JMM) is a State political party in the Indian state of Jharkhand which was founded by Binod Bihari Mahato.[3] It has one seat in the 17th Lok Sabha. Shibu Soren is the president of the JMM. JMM is also an influential political party in the state of Odisha and parts of neighbouring of states. Its election symbol for Jharkhand is Bow and Arrow.[4]

The party was officially created on the birthday of Birsa Munda, the 19th century tribal warrior of Jharkhand, who fought against the British rule in present-day Jharkhand.[5] The State of Jharkhand also came into existence on Birsa Munda's birthday in 2000.[6]

Formation[edit]

For almost six decades the movement for formation of Jharkhand from Bihar had been changing colour and strategy to gain a foothold. The Jharkhand Party grew politically stronger but the commissions examining the demands for a separate Jharkhand State rejected these demands every time. Despite the reports of these commissions deciding against them, the Jharkhand Party never lost sight of its ultimate target: a separate state of Jharkhand. Till 1962 Jharkhand Party won between 23–32 seats in the Bihar Legislative Assembly. Post 1962 the Jharkhand Party aligned with Indian National Congress and Jaipal Singh became a minister in Vinodanand Jha's government in Bihar. With this, the demand for the Tribal Homeland was put on hold for nearly a decade.

At the 4th General Election held in 1967 the party had a very poor showing with only eight Assembly seats. The party soon split into several splinter groups each claiming to be the genuine Jharkhand Party. These were – the Jharkhand Party led by N.E. Horo, the Jharkhand Party led by Naren, All India Jharkhand Party led by Bagun Sumroi, the Hul Jharkhand Party led by Justin Richard which further fragmented and came to be called the Bihar Progressive Hul Jharkhand Party and it was led by Shibu Soren.

Binod Bihari Mahato founded "Shivaji Samaj" in 1967. Santhal leader Shibu Soren founded the ‘Sonat Santhali Samaj’ in 1969. The Party was founded by Binod Bihari Mahato, the leader of ‘Shivajee Samaj’, Shibu Soren and Marxist Co ordination leader Comrade Dr. A. K. Roy. The party was officially created on the birthday of Birsa Munda, the 19th century tribal warrior of Jharkhand, who fought against the British rule in present-day Jharkhand.[7]

On 4 February 1973 Binod Bihari Mahto became the President and Shibu Soren as General Secretary of the party. The prominent party leaders at that time were: Comrade A. K. Roy (Party Secretary-Society of Industrial and Coal Laborers), Martyr Nirmal Mahto (prominent Trade Union Movement leader) and Tek Lal Mahto, among others.

Early years[edit]

In its early years, the JMM under Soren's leadership brought industrial and mining workers who were mainly non-tribals belonging to the Dalit and Backward communities such as Surdis, Doms, Dusadh and Kudumi Mahato into its fold. However Soren's association with the late congress M.P. Gyanranjan brought him close to the then Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi in New Delhi. He won the Dumka Lok Sabha seat in 1972. Irked by Soren's association with the Indian National Congress, a few of the younger members of the JMM banded together in Jamshedpur and set up the All Jharkhand Students Union (AJSU). This did not affect the growth of the JMM in the 1991 Indian general election where the JMM won six seats.

Ram Dayal Munda reignited the movement for Jharkhand by unifying splinter groups among the tribals. Under his guidance the Jharkhand Coordination Committee was constituted in June 1987, comprising 48 organisations and group including the JMM factions. Due to Ram Dayal Munda, Shibu Soren, Suraj Mandal, Simon Marandi, Shailendra Mahato, and AJSU leaders like Surya Singh Besra and Prabhakar Tirkey briefly shared a political platform, but the JMM pulled out of JCC as it felt that 'the collective leadership was a farce'. The JMM/AJSU and JPP successfully orchestrated so-called bandhs, economic blockades in 1988–89 in the interim.

Jharkhand Yuva Morcha[edit]

See also: Jharkhand Chhatra Morcha and Jharkhand Yuva Morcha

Jharkhand Yuva Morcha (Jharkhand Youth Front), And Jharkhand Chhatra Morcha (Jharkhand Student Front) the youth and student wing of Jharkhand Mukti Morcha, was constituted at a conference in Ranchi 16 October 1991.

List of Chief Ministers[edit]

Main article: List of chief ministers of Jharkhand

Following is the list of the Chief Ministers of Jharkhand from Jharkhand Mukti Morcha since the formation of the state on 9 November 2000:

№ Chief Minister Portrait Term in Office Assembly Constituency
Start End Tenure
1 Shibu Soren Shibu Soren.jpg 2 March 2005 12 March 2005 308 days 2nd Assembly
27 August 2008 19 January 2009
30 December 2009 1 June 2010 3rd Assembly
2 Hemant Soren Chief Minister of Jharkhand Shri Hemant Soren.jpg 13 July 2013 28 December 2014 1 year, 168 days 3rd Assembly Dumka
29 December 2019 Incumbent 5 years, 160 days 5th Assembly Barhait

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013" (PDF). India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Jharkhand Lok Sabha Election Results 2019". NDTV.com.
  3. ↑ "Saffron Munda loves everything green - BJP cries neglect as chief minister warms up to old JMM associates". www.telegraphindia.com.
  4. ↑ Pradeep Kaushal (28 September 2015). "Shiv Sena finds Jharkhand Mukti Morcha has first right to symbol". indianexpress.com. New Delhi: The Indian Express. Retrieved 28 April 2020. Shivsena's bow-and-arrow symbol is the same as that of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.
  5. ↑ P. 522 Lok Sabha debates by India. Parliament. House of the People, India. Parliament. Lok Sabha
  6. ↑ P. 200 Basic Facts of General Knowledge By Sura College of Competition, V.V.K.Subburaj
  7. ↑ P. 522 Lok Sabha debates by India. Parliament. House of the People, India. Parliament. Lok Sabha

External links[edit]

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