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Wind power in India: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Overview of wind power in India}} | {{short description|Overview of wind power in India}} | ||
[[File:Mean Wind Speed Map India.png|thumb|upright=2|Mean wind speed in India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://globalwindatlas.info/|title=Global Wind Atlas|access-date=4 December 2018}}</ref>]] | [[File:Mean Wind Speed Map India.png|thumb|upright=2|Mean wind speed in India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://globalwindatlas.info/|title=Global Wind Atlas|access-date=4 December 2018|archive-date=18 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118095006/https://www.globalwindatlas.info/|url-status=live}}</ref>]] | ||
Wind power generation capacity in India has significantly increased in recent years. As of | Wind power generation capacity in [[India]] has significantly increased in recent years. As of 31 May 2022, the total installed wind power capacity was 40.71 [[gigawatt|GW]], the [[Wind power by country|fourth largest installed wind power capacity in the world]].<ref name="nre"/> [[Wind power]] capacity is mainly spread across the Southern, Western and Northern Western regions.<ref name="wps">{{cite web|title=Installed capacity of wind power projects in India|url=http://www.indianwindpower.com/news_views.php#tab1|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519125420/http://www.indianwindpower.com/news_views.php#tab1|archive-date=19 May 2019|access-date=7 April 2018}}</ref> | ||
Wind power costs in India are decreasing rapidly.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/wind-power-installations-will-cross-8000-mw-next-year-tulsi-tanti/article26449191.ece|title=Wind power installations will cross 8,000 MW next year: Tulsi Tanti|access-date=9 March 2019}}</ref> The levelised tariff of wind power reached a record low of {{INRConvert|2.43}} per kWh (without any direct or indirect subsidies) during auctions for wind projects in December 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/wind-power-tariffs-in-gujarat-auctions-fall-to-rs-2-43-per-unit/62205192|website=The Economic Times|title=Wind power tariffs in Gujarat auctions fall to Rs 2.43 per unit|access-date=22 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/wind-energy-tariffs-do-not-fall-further-in-latest-auction-for-2000-mw/62924767|website=The Economic Times|title=Wind energy tariffs do not fall further in latest auction for 2,000 Mw|access-date=15 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://mercomindia.com/seci-wind-auction-1-2-gw/|title=SECI's 1.2 GW Wind Auction Sees Lowest Tariff of ₹2.82/kWh|access-date=15 February 2019}}</ref> However, the levelised tariff increased to {{INRConvert|2.77}} per kWh in March 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mercomindia.com/seci-wind-auction-tranche-x-results/|title=Lowest Tariff of ₹2.77/kWh Quoted in | Wind power costs in India are decreasing rapidly.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/wind-power-installations-will-cross-8000-mw-next-year-tulsi-tanti/article26449191.ece|title=Wind power installations will cross 8,000 MW next year: Tulsi Tanti|date=6 March 2019 |access-date=9 March 2019|archive-date=5 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205223144/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/wind-power-installations-will-cross-8000-mw-next-year-tulsi-tanti/article26449191.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> The levelised tariff of wind power reached a record low of {{INRConvert|2.43}} per kWh (without any direct or indirect subsidies) during auctions for wind projects in December 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/wind-power-tariffs-in-gujarat-auctions-fall-to-rs-2-43-per-unit/62205192|website=The Economic Times|title=Wind power tariffs in Gujarat auctions fall to Rs 2.43 per unit|access-date=22 December 2017|archive-date=22 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722070116/https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/wind-power-tariffs-in-gujarat-auctions-fall-to-rs-2-43-per-unit/62205192|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/wind-energy-tariffs-do-not-fall-further-in-latest-auction-for-2000-mw/62924767|website=The Economic Times|title=Wind energy tariffs do not fall further in latest auction for 2,000 Mw|access-date=15 February 2018|archive-date=22 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722041233/https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/wind-energy-tariffs-do-not-fall-further-in-latest-auction-for-2000-mw/62924767|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://mercomindia.com/seci-wind-auction-1-2-gw/|title=SECI's 1.2 GW Wind Auction Sees Lowest Tariff of ₹2.82/kWh|date=15 February 2019 |access-date=15 February 2019|archive-date=30 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630171651/https://mercomindia.com/seci-wind-auction-1-2-gw/|url-status=live}}</ref> However, the levelised tariff increased to {{INRConvert|2.77}} per kWh in March 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mercomindia.com/seci-wind-auction-tranche-x-results/|title=Lowest Tariff of ₹2.77/kWh Quoted in SECI's 1.2 GW Wind Auction|access-date=19 February 2021|archive-date=16 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316073031/https://mercomindia.com/SECI-WIND-AUCTION-TRANCHE-X-RESULTS/|url-status=live}}</ref> In December 2017, union government announced the applicable guidelines for tariff-based wind power auctions to bring more clarity and minimise the risk to the developers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/govt-issues-guidelines-for-tariff-based-wind-power-auction/1/1108513.html|title=Govt issues guidelines for tariff-based wind power auction|access-date=12 December 2017}}</ref> | ||
[[File:Paddies and wind turbines in India.jpg|thumb|Wind farms midst paddy fields in India.]] | [[File:Paddies and wind turbines in India.jpg|thumb|Wind farms midst paddy fields in India.]] | ||
== National Wind power potential == | |||
The Indian government has installed over 800 wind-monitoring stations all over country through National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE) and issued wind potential maps at 50m, 80m, 100m and 120m above ground level. The recent assessment indicates a gross wind power potential of 302 GW in the country at 100 meter and 695.50 GW at 120 meter above ground level.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mnre.gov.in/wind/current-status/|title=Wind power potential|website=Ministry of New and Renewable Energy|access-date=7 November 2021|archive-date=7 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107040735/https://mnre.gov.in/wind/current-status/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
== Installed capacity == | == Installed capacity == | ||
The table below shows India's year on year installed wind power, annual wind power generation and annual growth in wind power generation since 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/renewable/2017/overview-07.pdf|title=Monthly wind generation|access-date=16 September 2017}}</ref> | The table below shows India's year on year installed wind power, annual wind power generation and annual growth in wind power generation since 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/renewable/2017/overview-07.pdf|title=Monthly wind generation|access-date=16 September 2017|archive-date=19 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619062736/http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/renewable/2017/overview-07.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin:left" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin:left" | ||
|+Installed wind power capacity and generation in India since 2007<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.renewablesindia.in/ |title= Overview of renewable power generation, CEA|access-date=23 April 2021}}</ref> | |+Installed wind power capacity and generation in India since 2007<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.renewablesindia.in/ |title=Overview of renewable power generation, CEA |access-date=23 April 2021 |archive-date=21 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421153814/https://renewablesindia.in/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Financial year | ! Financial year | ||
! 06-07 !! 07-08 !! 08-09 !! 09-10 !! 10-11 !! 11-12 !! 12-13 !! 13-14 !! 14-15 !! 15-16 !! 16-17!! 17-18!!18-19<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/installedcapacity/2019/installed_capacity-03.pdf|title= All India installed capacity of power stations|date= March 2019 |access-date=26 April 2019}}</ref>!!19-20!!20-21 | ! 06-07 !! 07-08 !! 08-09 !! 09-10 !! 10-11 !! 11-12 !! 12-13 !! 13-14 !! 14-15 !! 15-16 !! 16-17!! 17-18!!18-19<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/installedcapacity/2019/installed_capacity-03.pdf|title=All India installed capacity of power stations|date=March 2019|access-date=26 April 2019|archive-date=18 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418155617/http://cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/installedcapacity/2019/installed_capacity-03.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>!!19-20!!20-21!!21-22 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Installed capacity (MW) | ! Installed capacity (MW) | ||
| 7,850 || 9,587 || 10,925 || 13,064 || 16,084 || 18,421 || 20,150 || 22,465 || 23,447 || 26,777 ||32,280||34,046||35,626||37,669||38,785 | | 7,850 || 9,587 || 10,925 || 13,064 || 16,084 || 18,421 || 20,150 || 22,465 || 23,447 || 26,777 ||32,280||34,046||35,626||37,669||38,785||40,355 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Generation (GWh) | ! Generation (GWh) | ||
| || || || || || || || ||28,214 || 28,604|| 46,011|| 52,666||62,036||64,485||59,824 | | || || || || || || || ||28,214 || 28,604|| 46,011|| 52,666||62,036||64,485||59,824||68,640<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cea.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/resd/2022/04/Broad_overview_March_2022.pdf |title=Monthly Renewable Energy Generation Report, March 2012 |publisher=CEA |access-date=29 June 2022}}</ref> | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 28: | Line 31: | ||
| title = Installed Wind Power Capacity | | title = Installed Wind Power Capacity | ||
| float = right | | float = right | ||
| bar_width = | | bar_width = 17 | ||
| width_units = em | | width_units = em | ||
| data_max = | | data_max = 45000 | ||
| label_type = Fiscal | | label_type = Fiscal year end, | ||
| data_type = | | data_type = Cumulative capacity (in MW) | ||
| label1 = 2005 | | label1 = 2005 | ||
| data1 = 6,270 | | data1 = 6,270 | ||
| label6 = 2010 | | label6 = 2010 | ||
| data6 = 16,084 | | data6 = 16,084 | ||
| Line 65: | Line 60: | ||
| label16 = 2020 | | label16 = 2020 | ||
| data16 = 38,785 | | data16 = 38,785 | ||
| label17 = 2021 | |||
| data17 = 40,355 | |||
}} | }} | ||
Development of wind power in India began in December 1952, when [[Maneklal Sankalchand Thacker]], a distinguished power engineer, initiated a project with the Indian [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]] (CSIR) to explore the possibilities of harnessing wind power in the country.<ref name=Wind_Energy>{{Cite journal |url =http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Downloads/article_id_030_03_0095_0095_0.pdf | title =Wind as a Source of Energy in India | journal = [[Current Science]]| volume = 30 | pages =95 | date = January 1961 | issue =3 }}</ref> The CSIR established a Wind Power Sub-Committee under P. Nilakantan, which was assigned the task of investigating the available resources that could be practically utilized, along with researching the economic possibilities of wind energy.<ref name=Wind_Power>{{Cite journal |url =http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Downloads/article_id_025_06_0180_0181_0.pdf | title =Utilization of Wind Power in India | journal = [[Current Science]]| volume = 25 | pages = 180–181 | date = June 1956 | issue =6 }}</ref> With assistance from the [[Indian Meteorological Department]], the Sub-Committee extensively reviewed available data on surface winds in India and their velocity duration, and began detailed surveys of promising sites for harnessing the optimum amount of wind energy; it also successfully developed and tested large wood-and-bamboo windmills. | Development of wind power in India began in December 1952, when [[Maneklal Sankalchand Thacker]], a distinguished power engineer, initiated a project with the Indian [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]] (CSIR) to explore the possibilities of harnessing wind power in the country.<ref name=Wind_Energy>{{Cite journal | url =http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Downloads/article_id_030_03_0095_0095_0.pdf | title =Wind as a Source of Energy in India | journal =[[Current Science]] | volume =30 | pages =95 | date =January 1961 | issue =3 | access-date =1 April 2018 | archive-date =5 December 2019 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20191205223252/https://www.currentscience.ac.in/Downloads/article_id_030_03_0095_0095_0.pdf | url-status =live }}</ref> The CSIR established a Wind Power Sub-Committee under P. Nilakantan, which was assigned the task of investigating the available resources that could be practically utilized, along with researching the economic possibilities of wind energy.<ref name=Wind_Power>{{Cite journal | url = http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Downloads/article_id_025_06_0180_0181_0.pdf | title = Utilization of Wind Power in India | journal = [[Current Science]] | volume = 25 | pages = 180–181 | date = June 1956 | issue = 6 | access-date = 1 April 2018 | archive-date = 5 December 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191205223258/https://www.currentscience.ac.in/Downloads/article_id_025_06_0180_0181_0.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref> With assistance from the [[Indian Meteorological Department]], the Sub-Committee extensively reviewed available data on surface winds in India and their velocity duration, and began detailed surveys of promising sites for harnessing the optimum amount of wind energy; it also successfully developed and tested large wood-and-bamboo windmills. | ||
In September 1954, a Symposium on Solar Energy and Wind Power organised by the CSIR and [[UNESCO]] was held in New Delhi; among the attendees was E. W. Golding, a British power engineer and authority on wind energy generation.<ref name=Wind_Energy/> Convinced of the potential of wind power in India, he recommended continued and extensive wind velocity surveys in different regions of India, the full-time assignment of staff to experimental wind power studies, the establishment of a dedicated research laboratory and development of small to medium-sized wind-powered electrical generators. Golding's recommendations were adopted by the CSIR in 1957.<ref name=Wind_Energy/> By this time, regions of [[Saurashtra (state)|Saurashtra]] and around [[Coimbatore]] had been identified as promising sites for generating electricity from wind power, and the Wind Power Sub-Committee had begun to erect 20 wind velocity survey stations across India, in addition to testing its indigenously designed windmills and obtaining a 6 kW. [[Allgaier (company)|Allgaier]] wind turbine, which was presented to India by the West German government; experiments at [[Porbandar]] with the latter had commenced by 1961.<ref name=Wind_Power/><ref name=Wind_Energy/> The Indian government also considered a proposal to erect over 20,000 small to medium-sized wind-powered electrical generators in rural districts, to be used for powering water pumps and supplying electricity for remotely situated structures such as lighthouses.<ref name=Wind_Power/> | In September 1954, a Symposium on Solar Energy and Wind Power organised by the CSIR and [[UNESCO]] was held in [[New Delhi]]; among the attendees was E. W. Golding, a [[British Empire|British]] power engineer and authority on wind energy generation.<ref name=Wind_Energy/> Convinced of the potential of wind power in India, he recommended continued and extensive wind velocity surveys in different regions of India, the full-time assignment of staff to experimental wind power studies, the establishment of a dedicated research laboratory and development of small to medium-sized wind-powered electrical generators. Golding's recommendations were adopted by the CSIR in 1957.<ref name=Wind_Energy/> By this time, regions of [[Saurashtra (state)|Saurashtra]] and around [[Coimbatore]] had been identified as promising sites for generating electricity from wind power, and the Wind Power Sub-Committee had begun to erect 20 wind velocity survey stations across India, in addition to testing its indigenously designed windmills and obtaining a 6 kW. [[Allgaier (company)|Allgaier]] wind turbine, which was presented to India by the West [[Germany|German]] government; experiments at [[Porbandar]] with the latter had commenced by 1961.<ref name=Wind_Power/><ref name=Wind_Energy/> The Indian government also considered a proposal to erect over 20,000 small to medium-sized wind-powered electrical generators in rural districts, to be used for powering water pumps and supplying electricity for remotely situated structures such as lighthouses.<ref name=Wind_Power/> | ||
In 1960, the CSIR established a Wind Power Division as part of the new National Aeronautical Laboratory (NAL) in Bangalore, which was founded that year.<ref name=Wind_Energy/> From the 1960s into the 1980s, the NAL and other groups continued to carry out wind velocity surveys and develop improved estimates of India's wind energy capacity.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mani |first=Anna |date=1995 |title=Wind Energy Resource Survey in India - I |location=New Delhi |publisher=Allied Publishers Limited |page=185 |isbn=81-7023-297-X }}</ref> Large-scale development of wind power began in 1985 with the first wind project in Veraval, Gujarat, in the form of a 40-kW Dutch machine (make Polenko) connected to the grid. The project, an initiative of late Dr. K S Rao, the then Director of GEDA (Gujarat Energy Development Agency), was a joint venture between GEDA and J K Synthetics Ltd. Though the performance of this machine was quite poor, it established the technical viability of operating wind turbines in the grid-connected mode in India. Subsequently, the Government of India planned several demonstration wind farms in the coastal regions of the country and simultaneously launched a massive programme to identify sites suitable for wind projects. In 1986, demonstration [[wind farm]]s were set up in the coastal areas of [[Maharashtra]] ([[Ratnagiri district|Ratnagiri]]), [[Gujarat]] ([[Okha, India|Okha]]) and [[Tamil Nadu]] ([[Tirunelveli]]) with 55 kW Vestas wind turbines. These demonstration projects were supported by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy [[Ministry of New and Renewable Energy|(MNRE]]). The demonstration projects set up in 1985-86 established beyond doubt, both the technical and economic viability of the wind energy projects, while the wind-mapping programme resulted in the identification of many sites suitable for wind power projects (C-WET 2001; Mani 1990, 1992, 1994; Mani and Mooley 1983). | In 1960, the CSIR established a Wind Power Division as part of the new National Aeronautical Laboratory (NAL) in Bangalore, which was founded that year.<ref name=Wind_Energy/> From the 1960s into the 1980s, the NAL and other groups continued to carry out wind velocity surveys and develop improved estimates of India's wind energy capacity.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mani |first=Anna |date=1995 |title=Wind Energy Resource Survey in India - I |location=New Delhi |publisher=Allied Publishers Limited |page=185 |isbn=81-7023-297-X }}</ref> Large-scale development of wind power began in 1985 with the first wind project in Veraval, Gujarat, in the form of a 40-kW Dutch machine (make Polenko) connected to the grid. The project, an initiative of late Dr. K S Rao, the then Director of GEDA (Gujarat Energy Development Agency), was a joint venture between GEDA and J K Synthetics Ltd. Though the performance of this machine was quite poor, it established the technical viability of operating wind turbines in the grid-connected mode in India. Subsequently, the Government of India planned several demonstration wind farms in the coastal regions of the country and simultaneously launched a massive programme to identify sites suitable for wind projects. In 1986, demonstration [[wind farm]]s were set up in the coastal areas of [[Maharashtra]] ([[Ratnagiri district|Ratnagiri]]), [[Gujarat]] ([[Okha, India|Okha]]) and [[Tamil Nadu]] ([[Tirunelveli]]) with 55 kW Vestas wind turbines. These demonstration projects were supported by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy [[Ministry of New and Renewable Energy|(MNRE]]). The demonstration projects set up in 1985-86 established beyond doubt, both the technical and economic viability of the wind energy projects, while the wind-mapping programme resulted in the identification of many sites suitable for wind power projects (C-WET 2001; Mani 1990, 1992, 1994; Mani and Mooley 1983). | ||
The potential for wind farms in the country was first assessed in 2011 to be more than 2,000 GW by Prof. Jami Hossain of TERI University, New Delhi.<ref>{{cite | The potential for wind farms in the country was first assessed in 2011 to be more than 2,000 GW by Prof. Jami Hossain of [[TERI School of Advanced Studies|TERI University]], New Delhi.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251627585|title=A GIS based assessment of potential for windfarms in India|year=2011 |doi=10.1016/j.renene.2011.04.017 |last1=Hossain |first1=Jami |last2=Sinha |first2=Vinay |last3=Kishore |first3=V.V.N. |journal=Renewable Energy |volume=36 |issue=12 |pages=3257–3267 |s2cid=109144288 }}</ref> | ||
This was subsequently re-validated by Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, US (LBNL) in an independent study in 2012. | This was subsequently re-validated by Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, [[United States|US]] (LBNL) in an independent study in 2012. | ||
As a result, the [[Ministry of New and Renewable Energy|MNRE]] set up a committee to reassess the potential<ref>{{cite | As a result, the [[Ministry of New and Renewable Energy|MNRE]] set up a committee to reassess the potential<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283356238|title=India Wind Power Potential|year=2015 |doi=10.13140/RG.2.1.2193.0967 |last1=Hossain |first1=Jami |author2=Mr. Neelu Kumar Mishra |last3=Ansari |first3=Mohammad Ziaulhaq |author4=Deepthi Swamy |last5=Bhardwaj |first5=Anshu |author6=Pareexit Chauhan |author7=Disha Agarwal |last8=Gupta |first8=Deepak |last9=Sharma |first9=Deepshikha }}</ref> and through the National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE, previously C-WET) has announced a revised estimation of the potential wind resource in India from 49,130 MW to 302,000 MW assessed at 100 m hub height.<ref name="states">{{cite web|url=http://niwe.res.in/department_wra_est.php|title=Estimation of Installable Wind Power Potential at 80 m level in India|access-date=16 May 2015|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402170426/http://niwe.res.in/department_wra_est.php|url-status=live}}</ref> Wind turbines are now being set up at even 120 m hub height and the wind resource at higher hub heights of around 120 m or more that are prevailing is possibly even more. | ||
In 2015, the [[Ministry of New and Renewable Energy|MNRE]] set the target for Wind Power generation capacity by | In 2015, the [[Ministry of New and Renewable Energy|MNRE]] set the target for Wind Power generation capacity by 2022 at 60,000 MW.<ref name="nre">{{cite web|url=https://mnre.gov.in/the-ministry/physical-progress|title=Physical Progress (Achievements)|publisher=Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, GoI|access-date=15 April 2020|archive-date=12 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412175123/https://mnre.gov.in/the-ministry/physical-progress|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mnre.gov.in/file-manager/UserFiles/Tentative-State-wise-break-up-of-Renewable-Power-by-2022.pdf|title=Tentative State-wise break-up of Renewable Power target to be achieved by 2022 So that cumulative achievement is 1,75,000 MW|website=mnre.gov.in|access-date=7 May 2015|archive-date=2 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702025634/https://mnre.gov.in/file-manager/UserFiles/Tentative-State-wise-break-up-of-Renewable-Power-by-2022.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
East and North east regions have no grid connected wind power plant as of December 2017. | East and North east regions have no grid connected wind power plant as of December 2017. | ||
No offshore wind farm is under implementation as of December 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eqmagpro.com/offshore-wind-costs-fall-below-new-nuclear-plants-in-u-k/|title=Offshore Wind Costs Fall Below New Nuclear Plants in U.K.|access-date=17 September 2017}}</ref> | No offshore wind farm is under implementation as of December 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eqmagpro.com/offshore-wind-costs-fall-below-new-nuclear-plants-in-u-k/|title=Offshore Wind Costs Fall Below New Nuclear Plants in U.K.|access-date=17 September 2017|archive-date=15 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915201000/http://www.eqmagpro.com/offshore-wind-costs-fall-below-new-nuclear-plants-in-u-k/|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
However, an Offshore Wind Policy was announced in 2015 and presently weather stations and [[Lidar|LIDARs]] are being set up by NIWE at some locations.<ref>{{cite | However, an Offshore Wind Policy was announced in 2015 and presently weather stations and [[Lidar|LIDARs]] are being set up by NIWE at some locations.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-09-11/u-k-offshore-wind-costs-fall-to-record-in-latest-auction|title=Offshore Wind Costs Fall Below New Nuclear Plants in U.K.|newspaper=Bloomberg.com |date=11 September 2017 |access-date=7 January 2018|archive-date=1 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501023450/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-09-11/u-k-offshore-wind-costs-fall-to-record-in-latest-auction|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
The first offshore wind farm is planned near [[Dhanushkodi]] in [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite | The first offshore wind farm is planned near [[Dhanushkodi]] in [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/arichamunai-to-get-indias-first-offshore-wind-turbines/article23289198.ece|title=Arichamunai to get India's first offshore wind turbines.|newspaper=The Hindu |date=18 March 2018 |access-date=20 March 2018|archive-date=5 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205223208/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/arichamunai-to-get-indias-first-offshore-wind-turbines/article23289198.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
== Electricity generation == | == Electricity generation == | ||
Wind power accounts for nearly 10% of India's total installed power generation capacity and generated 62.03 [[TWh]] in the fiscal year 2018–19, which is nearly 4% of total electricity generation.<ref name= over>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/generation/2019/March/actual/opm_01.pdf|title=CEA monthly utility electricity generation |access-date= 3 May 2019}}</ref> The [[Capacity factor|capacity utilisation factor]] is nearly 19.33% in the fiscal year 2018-19 (16% in 2017–18, 19.62% in 2016-17 and 14% in | Wind power accounts for nearly 10% of India's total installed power generation capacity and generated 62.03 [[TWh]] in the fiscal year 2018–19, which is nearly 4% of total electricity generation.<ref name= over>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/generation/2019/March/actual/opm_01.pdf|title=CEA monthly utility electricity generation|access-date=3 May 2019|archive-date=3 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503183241/http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/generation/2019/March/actual/opm_01.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Capacity factor|capacity utilisation factor]] is nearly 19.33% in the fiscal year 2018-19 (16% in 2017–18, 19.62% in 2016-17 and 14% in 2015–16). 70% of annual wind generation is during the five months duration from May to September coinciding with [[Monsoon|Southwest monsoon]] duration. | ||
In India, [[Solar power in India|solar power]] is [[Solar hybrid power systems|complementary to wind power]] as it is generated mostly during the non-monsoon period in daytime.<ref>{{cite | In India, [[Solar power in India|solar power]] is [[Solar hybrid power systems|complementary to wind power]] as it is generated mostly during the non-monsoon period in daytime.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/regen-enters-solar-power-with-hybrid-solution-115071800348_1.html|title=ReGen enters solar power with hybrid solution|newspaper=Business Standard India |date=18 July 2015 |access-date=16 October 2015|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305155945/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/regen-enters-solar-power-with-hybrid-solution-115071800348_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align: right;" | {| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align: right;" | ||
|+Monthly Electricity Generation in India April, 2018 - March, 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/renewable/2019/renewable-03.pdf|title= Summary of All India Provisional Renewable Energy Generation, CEA |access-date= 3 May 2019}}</ref> | |+Monthly Electricity Generation in India April, 2018 - March, 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/renewable/2019/renewable-03.pdf|title=Summary of All India Provisional Renewable Energy Generation, CEA|access-date=3 May 2019|archive-date=3 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503165613/http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/renewable/2019/renewable-03.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Month !! North !! West !! South !! East !! North East !! Total (GWh) | ! Month !! North !! West !! South !! East !! North East !! Total (GWh) | ||
| Line 124: | Line 121: | ||
There is a growing number of wind energy installations in [[States and territories of India|states]] across India. | There is a growing number of wind energy installations in [[States and territories of India|states]] across India. | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
|+Installed wind capacity by state as of 31 | |+Installed wind capacity by state as of 31 March 2021<ref>{{Cite web|title=Overview {{!}} Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India|url=https://mnre.gov.in/wind/current-status/|access-date=2022-01-09|website=mnre.gov.in}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! State | ! State | ||
| Line 130: | Line 127: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Tamil Nadu]] | | [[Tamil Nadu]] | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | | | style="text-align:center;" | 9608.04 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Gujarat]] | | [[Gujarat]] | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | | | style="text-align:center;" | 8561.82 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Maharashtra]] | | [[Maharashtra]] | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | | | style="text-align:center;" | 5000.33 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Karnataka]] | | [[Karnataka]] | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | | | style="text-align:center;" | 4938.60 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Rajasthan]] | | [[Rajasthan]] | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | | | style="text-align:center;" |4326.82 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Power sector of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]] | | [[Power sector of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]] | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | | | style="text-align:center;" | 4096.65 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Madhya Pradesh]] | | [[Madhya Pradesh]] | ||
| Line 159: | Line 156: | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | 4.30 | | style="text-align:center;" | 4.30 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Total'''|| style="text-align:center;" |''' | |'''Total'''|| style="text-align:center;" |'''39247.05''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 166: | Line 163: | ||
The Government of Tamil Nadu realized the importance and need for renewable energy, and set up a separate Agency, as registered society, called the Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) as early as 1985. | The Government of Tamil Nadu realized the importance and need for renewable energy, and set up a separate Agency, as registered society, called the Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) as early as 1985. | ||
Tamil Nadu is a leader in Wind Power in India. | Tamil Nadu is a leader in Wind Power in India. | ||
In Muppandal windfarm the total capacity is 1500 MW, the largest wind power plant in India. The total wind installed capacity in Tamil Nadu is 7633 MW.<ref name="Teda">[http://www.teda.in/], Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency - Site.</ref> | In Muppandal windfarm the total capacity is 1500 MW, the largest wind power plant in India. The total wind installed capacity in Tamil Nadu is 7633 MW.<ref name="Teda">[http://www.teda.in/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527132938/http://teda.in/ |date=27 May 2019 }}, Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency - Site.</ref> | ||
During the fiscal year 2014–15, the electricity generation is 9.521 GWh, with about a 15% capacity utilization factor.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.srldc.org/var/ftp/reports/monthlyrep/2014-15/Mar-month.pdf|title=SRLDC monthly report, March 2015|access-date=8 May 2015}}</ref> | During the fiscal year 2014–15, the electricity generation is 9.521 GWh, with about a 15% capacity utilization factor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.srldc.org/var/ftp/reports/monthlyrep/2014-15/Mar-month.pdf|title=SRLDC monthly report, March 2015|access-date=8 May 2015|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082300/http://www.srldc.org/var/ftp/reports/monthlyrep/2014-15/Mar-month.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
===Maharashtra=== | ===Maharashtra=== | ||
[[Maharashtra]] is one of the prominent states that installed wind power projects second to Tamil Nadu in India. As of end of March 2016, installed wind power capacity is 4655.25 MW {{Citation needed|date=June 2017}}. As of now{{when|date=February 2017}} there are 50 developers registered with state nodal agency "Maharashtra energy Development Agency" for development of wind power projects. All the major manufacturers of wind turbines including | [[Maharashtra]] is one of the prominent states that installed wind power projects second to Tamil Nadu in India. As of end of March 2016, installed wind power capacity is 4655.25 MW {{Citation needed|date=June 2017}}. As of now{{when|date=February 2017}} there are 50 developers registered with state nodal agency "Maharashtra energy Development Agency" for development of wind power projects. All the major manufacturers of wind turbines including ReNew Power, Suzlon, Vestas, Gamesa, Regen, Leitner Shriram have presence in Maharashtra. | ||
===Gujarat=== | ===Gujarat=== | ||
Gujarat government's focus on tapping renewable energy has led to a sharp rise in the wind power capacity in the last few years. According to official data, wind power generation capacity in the state has increased a staggering ten times in the last six years. Gujarat has 16% of total capacity of country. ONGC Ltd. has installed a 51MW wind energy farm at Bhuj in [[Gujarat]]. Renewable energy projects worth a massive Rs 1 lakh crore of memorandums of understanding (MoUs) in the [[Vibrant Gujarat|Vibrant Gujarat Summit]] in 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/rs-1-lakh-cr-vgs-fuel-to-fire-up-renewable-energy/articleshow/56397050.cms|title=Vibrant Gujarat Summit: Rs 1 lakh crore fuel to fire up renewable energy |newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2017-01-17}}</ref> | [[Gujarat]] government's focus on tapping renewable energy has led to a sharp rise in the wind power capacity in the last few years. According to official data, wind power generation capacity in the state has increased a staggering ten times in the last six years. Gujarat has 16% of total capacity of country. [[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation|ONGC]] Ltd. has installed a 51MW wind energy farm at Bhuj in [[Gujarat]]. Renewable energy projects worth a massive Rs 1 lakh crore of memorandums of understanding (MoUs) in the [[Vibrant Gujarat|Vibrant Gujarat Summit]] in 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/rs-1-lakh-cr-vgs-fuel-to-fire-up-renewable-energy/articleshow/56397050.cms|title=Vibrant Gujarat Summit: Rs 1 lakh crore fuel to fire up renewable energy|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2017-01-17|archive-date=20 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520184749/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/rs-1-lakh-cr-vgs-fuel-to-fire-up-renewable-energy/articleshow/56397050.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
===Rajasthan=== | ===Rajasthan=== | ||
4298 MW wind power plant has been installed in Rajasthan. {{citation needed|date=April 2013}}<!-- have a link? --> | 4298 MW wind power plant has been installed in [[Rajasthan]]. {{citation needed|date=April 2013}}<!-- have a link? --> | ||
===Madhya Pradesh=== | ===Madhya Pradesh=== | ||
In consideration of unique concept, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh has sanctioned another 15 MW project to Madhya Pradesh Windfarms Ltd. MPWL, Bhopal at Nagda Hills near Dewas under consultation from [http://www.cecl.in Consolidated Energy Consultants Ltd. CECL] Bhopal. All the 25 WEGs have been commissioned on 31.03.2008 and under successful operation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.windpowerindia.com/generation.htm |title=Developer of Wind Power Estate |publisher=Wind Power India |access-date=2010-11-27}}</ref> | In consideration of unique concept, Govt. of [[Madhya Pradesh]] has sanctioned another 15 MW project to Madhya Pradesh Windfarms Ltd. MPWL, Bhopal at Nagda Hills near Dewas under consultation from [http://www.cecl.in Consolidated Energy Consultants Ltd. CECL] Bhopal. All the 25 WEGs have been commissioned on 31.03.2008 and under successful operation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.windpowerindia.com/generation.htm |title=Developer of Wind Power Estate |publisher=Wind Power India |access-date=2010-11-27 |archive-date=7 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207044502/http://www.windpowerindia.com/generation.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
===Kerala=== | ===Kerala=== | ||
55 MW production of wind power is installed in Kerala. The first wind farm of the state was set up in 1997 at Kanjikode in [[Palakkad district]].{{citation needed|date=April 2013}} | 55 MW production of wind power is installed in [[Kerala]]. The first wind farm of the state was set up in 1997 at Kanjikode in [[Palakkad district]].{{citation needed|date=April 2013}} | ||
The agency has identified 16 sites for setting up wind farms through private developers.{{citation needed|date=December 2011}} | The agency has identified 16 sites for setting up wind farms through private developers.{{citation needed|date=December 2011}} | ||
===Odisha=== | ===Odisha=== | ||
Odisha a coastal state has higher potential for wind energy. Current installation capacity stands at 2.0 MW. Odisha has a windpower potential of 1700MW. The Govt of Odisha is actively pursuing to boost Wind power generation in the state. however it has not progressed like other states primarily because Odisha having a huge coal reserve and number of existing and upcoming thermal power plants, is a power surplus state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.evwind.es/noticias.php?id_not=17577 |title=Wind power and solar energy in Odisha|publisher=REVE |access-date=2012-04-04}}</ref> | [[Odisha]] a coastal state has higher potential for wind energy. Current installation capacity stands at 2.0 MW. Odisha has a windpower potential of 1700MW. The Govt of Odisha is actively pursuing to boost Wind power generation in the state. however it has not progressed like other states primarily because Odisha having a huge coal reserve and number of existing and upcoming thermal power plants, is a power surplus state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.evwind.es/noticias.php?id_not=17577 |title=Wind power and solar energy in Odisha|publisher=REVE |access-date=2012-04-04}}</ref> | ||
===West Bengal=== | ===West Bengal=== | ||
| Line 196: | Line 193: | ||
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
India's largest wind power production facilities (10MW and greater)<ref name=wind>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/others/planning/rpm/Plant-wise%20details%20of%20RE%20Installed%20Capacity-merged.pdf|title=Plant wise details of Renewable Energy Installed Capacity|access-date=21 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eai.in/ref/ae/win/win.html |title=Indian Wind Energy - Projects, Companies, Research, Data, Statistics - Energy Alternatives India |publisher=EAI.in |access-date=2010-11-27}}</ref> | India's largest wind power production facilities (10MW and greater)<ref name=wind>{{cite web|url=http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/others/planning/rpm/Plant-wise%20details%20of%20RE%20Installed%20Capacity-merged.pdf|title=Plant wise details of Renewable Energy Installed Capacity|access-date=21 March 2020|archive-date=25 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325162713/http://cea.nic.in/reports/others/planning/rpm/Plant-wise%20details%20of%20RE%20Installed%20Capacity-merged.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eai.in/ref/ae/win/win.html |title=Indian Wind Energy - Projects, Companies, Research, Data, Statistics - Energy Alternatives India |publisher=EAI.in |access-date=2010-11-27 |archive-date=20 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101020195336/http://www.eai.in/ref/ae/win/win.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
[[File:Tirumala Wind Mills.jpg|thumbnail|Windmills on the [[Tirumala]] hills in [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] | [[File:Tirumala Wind Mills.jpg|thumbnail|Windmills on the [[Tirumala]] hills in [[Andhra Pradesh]]]] | ||
[[File:Turbines-thar-india.jpg|thumbnail|A wind farm in [[Rajasthan]] ]] | [[File:Turbines-thar-india.jpg|thumbnail|A wind farm in [[Rajasthan]] ]] | ||
| Line 204: | Line 201: | ||
! Rank!!Power plant!! Producer!! Location!! State!! MWe | ! Rank!!Power plant!! Producer!! Location!! State!! MWe | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1||[[Muppandal Wind Farm]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_449_muppandal.php | title=Muppandal windfarm | access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>|| Muppandal Wind || [[Kanyakumari]]|| [[Tamil Nadu]]|| align="center" | 1500 | | 1||[[Muppandal Wind Farm]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_449_muppandal.php |title=Muppandal windfarm |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203080745/http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_449_muppandal.php |url-status=live }}</ref>|| Muppandal Wind || [[Kanyakumari]]|| [[Tamil Nadu]]|| align="center" | 1500 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2||[[Jaisalmer Wind Park]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15890_jaisalmer.php | title=Jaisalmer windfarm | access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>|| [[Suzlon Energy]]||[[Jaisalmer]]|| [[Rajasthan]]|| align="center" | 1064 | | 2||[[Jaisalmer Wind Park]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15890_jaisalmer.php |title=Jaisalmer windfarm |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203075037/http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15890_jaisalmer.php |url-status=live }}</ref>|| [[Suzlon Energy]]||[[Jaisalmer]]|| [[Rajasthan]]|| align="center" | 1064 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3||Brahmanvel windfarm<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15626_brahmanvel.php | title=Brahmanvel windfarm (India) | access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> || Parakh Agro Industries|| [[Dhule]] || [[Maharashtra]] || align="center" | 528 | | 3||Brahmanvel windfarm<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15626_brahmanvel.php |title=Brahmanvel windfarm (India) |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203074932/http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15626_brahmanvel.php |url-status=live }}</ref> || Parakh Agro Industries|| [[Dhule]] || [[Maharashtra]] || align="center" | 528 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 214: | Line 211: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 5||Dhalgaon windfarm<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15656_dhalgaon.php |title=Dhalgaon windfarm |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203073443/http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15656_dhalgaon.php |url-status=live }}</ref> || Gadre Marine Exports || [[Sangli]] || Maharashtra || align="center" | 278 | |||
| 5||Dhalgaon windfarm<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_15656_dhalgaon.php | title=Dhalgaon windfarm | access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> || Gadre Marine Exports || [[Sangli]] || Maharashtra || align="center" | 278 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| 6||[[Vankusawade Wind Park]] || [[Suzlon Energy|Suzlon Energy Ltd]]. || [[Satara district|Satara District]]. || Maharashtra || align="center" | 259 | | 6||[[Vankusawade Wind Park]] || [[Suzlon Energy|Suzlon Energy Ltd]]. || [[Satara district|Satara District]]. || Maharashtra || align="center" | 259 | ||
| Line 251: | Line 247: | ||
| 22||Gudimangalam || Gudimangalam Wind Farm || Gudimangalam || Tamil Nadu || align="center" | 21 | | 22||Gudimangalam || Gudimangalam Wind Farm || Gudimangalam || Tamil Nadu || align="center" | 21 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 23||Shalivahana Wind || Shalivahana Green Energy. Ltd. || [[Tirupur]] || Tamil Nadu || align="center" | 20.4<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shalivahanagroup.com/ |title=Shalivahana Green Energy | Bio Mass | Municipal Solid Waste | Wind Energy | Hydel Energy |publisher=Shalivahanagroup.com |access-date=2012-09-17}}</ref> | | 23||Shalivahana Wind || Shalivahana Green Energy. Ltd. || [[Tirupur]] || Tamil Nadu || align="center" | 20.4<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.shalivahanagroup.com/ |title=Shalivahana Green Energy | Bio Mass | Municipal Solid Waste | Wind Energy | Hydel Energy |publisher=Shalivahanagroup.com |access-date=2012-09-17 |archive-date=17 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817200928/http://www.shalivahanagroup.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 24||Puthlur RCI || Wescare (India) Ltd. || Puthlur || Andhra Pradesh || align="center" | 20 | | 24||Puthlur RCI || Wescare (India) Ltd. || Puthlur || Andhra Pradesh || align="center" | 20 | ||
| Line 279: | Line 275: | ||
==Offshore wind power plants== | ==Offshore wind power plants== | ||
India has an offshore wind energy potential of around 70 GW in parts along the coast of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gujarat and Tamil Nadu Have Offshore Wind Energy Potential of 70 GW: MNRE |url=https://mercomindia.com/gujarat-tamil-nadu-offshore-wind-energy-potential-70-gw/ |access-date=8 January 2020}}</ref> | India has an offshore wind energy potential of around 70 GW in parts along the coast of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gujarat and Tamil Nadu Have Offshore Wind Energy Potential of 70 GW: MNRE |url=https://mercomindia.com/gujarat-tamil-nadu-offshore-wind-energy-potential-70-gw/ |access-date=8 January 2020 |archive-date=8 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108115224/https://mercomindia.com/gujarat-tamil-nadu-offshore-wind-energy-potential-70-gw/ |url-status=live }}</ref> As of May 2022, there is no offshore wind project under construction or operation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/winds%20of%20change.pdf |title=Winds of Change: Learnings for the Indian Offshore Wind Energy Sector |publisher=WRII |access-date=29 June 2022}}</ref> | ||
India started planning in 2010 to enter into [[offshore wind power]],<ref>{{cite web|last1=Chadha|first1=Mridul|title=Offshore Wind Energy Coming to India Soon? |url=https://cleantechnica.com/2010/11/15/offshore-wind-energy-coming-to-india-soon/ |website=[[cleantechnica.com]]|access-date=25 December 2017|date=15 November 2010}}</ref> and a 100 MW demonstration plant located off the [[Gujarat]] coast began planning in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=MOU Signed for First Ever Offshore Wind Power Project in India|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=110186|website=Press Information Bureau, Government of India|publisher=Press Information Bureau, Government of India|access-date=30 April 2015|date=1 October 2014}}</ref> In 2013, a consortium (instead of group of organizations), led by Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) started project FOWIND (Facilitating Offshore Wind in India) to identify potential zones for development of off-shore wind power in India and to stimulate R & D activities in this area.<ref>{{cite web|title=FOWIND Project|url=http://www.fowind.in/|access-date=13 August 2015}}</ref> The other consortium partners include the Centre for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP), DNV GL, the Gujarat Power Corporation Limited (GPCL) and the World Institute of Sustainable Energy (WISE). The consortium was awarded the grant of €4.0 million by the delegation of the European Union to India in 2013 besides co-funding support from GPCL. The project action will be implemented from December 2013 to March 2018. | India started planning in 2010 to enter into [[offshore wind power]],<ref>{{cite web|last1=Chadha|first1=Mridul|title=Offshore Wind Energy Coming to India Soon?|url=https://cleantechnica.com/2010/11/15/offshore-wind-energy-coming-to-india-soon/|website=[[cleantechnica.com]]|access-date=25 December 2017|date=15 November 2010|archive-date=29 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181029001855/https://cleantechnica.com/2010/11/15/offshore-wind-energy-coming-to-india-soon/|url-status=live}}</ref> and a 100 MW demonstration plant located off the [[Gujarat]] coast began planning in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=MOU Signed for First Ever Offshore Wind Power Project in India|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=110186|website=Press Information Bureau, Government of India|publisher=Press Information Bureau, Government of India|access-date=30 April 2015|date=1 October 2014|archive-date=5 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005151441/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=110186|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2013, a consortium (instead of group of organizations), led by Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) started project FOWIND (Facilitating Offshore Wind in India) to identify potential zones for development of off-shore wind power in India and to stimulate R & D activities in this area.<ref>{{cite web|title=FOWIND Project|url=http://www.fowind.in/|access-date=13 August 2015|archive-date=3 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603110717/http://fowind.in/|url-status=live}}</ref> The other consortium partners include the Centre for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP), DNV GL, the Gujarat Power Corporation Limited (GPCL) and the World Institute of Sustainable Energy (WISE). The consortium was awarded the grant of €4.0 million by the delegation of the European Union to India in 2013 besides co-funding support from GPCL. The project action will be implemented from December 2013 to March 2018. | ||
The project focuses on the States of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu for identification of potential zones for development through techno-commercial analysis and preliminary resource assessment. It will also establish a platform for structural collaboration and knowledge sharing between stakeholders from European Union and India, on offshore wind technology, policy, regulation, industry and human resource development. FOWIND activities will also help facilitate a platform to stimulate offshore wind related R&D activities in the country. The consortium published initial pre-feasibility assessment reports for offshore wind farm development in Gujarat and Tamil Nadu on 16 June 2015.<ref>{{cite web|title=FOWIND Project|url=http://www.fowind.in/publications/report-pre-feasibility-assessment-reports|access-date=13 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=R. Srikanth|author2=Sangeetha Kandavel|title=Tapping the offshore wind|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tapping-the-offshore-wind/article6833433.ece|access-date=30 April 2015|agency=The Hindu|date=29 January 2015}}</ref> | The project focuses on the States of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu for identification of potential zones for development through techno-commercial analysis and preliminary resource assessment. It will also establish a platform for structural collaboration and knowledge sharing between stakeholders from European Union and India, on offshore wind technology, policy, regulation, industry and human resource development. FOWIND activities will also help facilitate a platform to stimulate offshore wind related R&D activities in the country. The consortium published initial pre-feasibility assessment reports for offshore wind farm development in Gujarat and Tamil Nadu on 16 June 2015.<ref>{{cite web|title=FOWIND Project|url=http://www.fowind.in/publications/report-pre-feasibility-assessment-reports|access-date=13 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=R. Srikanth|author2=Sangeetha Kandavel|title=Tapping the offshore wind|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tapping-the-offshore-wind/article6833433.ece|access-date=30 April 2015|agency=The Hindu|date=29 January 2015|archive-date=23 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123121632/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tapping-the-offshore-wind/article6833433.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
In September 2015, the India's cabinet has approved the National Offshore Wind Energy Policy. With this, the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE) has been authorized as the Nodal Ministry for use of offshore areas within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.gktoday.in/blog/national-offshore-wind-power-policy-2015/ |title=National Offshore Wind Power Policy 2015 |work=[[GKToday]] |date=2015-11-03 |access-date=2015-11-03 }}</ref> | In September 2015, the India's cabinet has approved the National Offshore Wind Energy Policy. With this, the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE) has been authorized as the Nodal Ministry for use of offshore areas within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.gktoday.in/blog/national-offshore-wind-power-policy-2015/ |title=National Offshore Wind Power Policy 2015 |work=[[GKToday]] |date=2015-11-03 |access-date=2015-11-03 |archive-date=2 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602102051/http://www.gktoday.in/blog/national-offshore-wind-power-policy-2015/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
India seems pacing up rapidly towards offshore wind energy development as the Nodal Ministry (MNRE) & Nodal Agency (NIWE) calls with the Expression of Interest (EoI)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://niwe.res.in/assets/Docu/tender/EOI_for_Development_of_1000_MW_Offshore_Wind_Farm_in_Gujarat.pdf |title=EoI- First 1000MW commercial scale Offshore Wind farm in India | India seems pacing up rapidly towards offshore wind energy development as the Nodal Ministry (MNRE) & Nodal Agency (NIWE) calls with the Expression of Interest (EoI)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://niwe.res.in/assets/Docu/tender/EOI_for_Development_of_1000_MW_Offshore_Wind_Farm_in_Gujarat.pdf |title=EoI- First 1000MW commercial scale Offshore Wind farm in India |access-date=19 April 2018 |archive-date=19 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419184529/http://niwe.res.in/assets/Docu/tender/EOI_for_Development_of_1000_MW_Offshore_Wind_Farm_in_Gujarat.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> inviting the bidders for development of first 1000MW commercial scale offshore windfarm in India, near the coast of Gujarat. The EoI published on 16 Apr 2018, specifies the proposed area identified under the FOWIND & FOWPI study funded by European Union. The proposed location of the offshore windfarm could be 23–40 km off the coast from the Pipavav port, Gulf of Khambhat. The proposed area covers about 400sq km. The wind measurements & other data collection are under progress under the supervision of NIWE. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
{{ | {{Portal|India|Renewable energy}} | ||
{{col | {{div col|colwidth=22em}} | ||
* [[Renewable energy in India]] | * [[Renewable energy in India]] | ||
* [[Electricity sector in India]] | * [[Electricity sector in India]] | ||
* [[Energy policy of India]] | * [[Energy policy of India]] | ||
*[[Solar power in India]] | *[[Solar power in India]] | ||
*[[List of onshore wind farms]] | *[[List of onshore wind farms]] | ||
*[[Wind turbine design]] | *[[Wind turbine design]] | ||
*[[Floating wind turbine]] | *[[Floating wind turbine]] | ||
*[[Hydroelectric power in India]] | *[[Hydroelectric power in India]] | ||
*[[Biofuel in India]] | *[[Biofuel in India]] | ||
* [[Wind power by country]] | * [[Wind power by country]] | ||
*[[List of renewable energy topics by country|Renewable energy by country]] | *[[List of renewable energy topics by country|Renewable energy by country]] | ||
{{col | {{div col end}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 313: | Line 305: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category}} | {{Commons category}} | ||
*[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article2337489.ece How winds of change could be an alternative to coal] | *[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article2337489.ece How winds of change could be an alternative to coal] | ||
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSDEL266374 Energy-hungry India eyes role as "wind superpower"] | *[https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSDEL266374 Energy-hungry India eyes role as "wind superpower"] | ||
*[http://www. | *[http://www.indianwindpower.com Indian Wind Power - Magazine] | ||
{{Economy of India related topics}} | {{Economy of India related topics}} | ||
Revision as of 22:38, 29 June 2022
Mean wind speed in India.[1]
Wind power generation capacity in India has significantly increased in recent years. As of 31 May 2022, the total installed wind power capacity was 40.71 GW, the fourth largest installed wind power capacity in the world.[2] Wind power capacity is mainly spread across the Southern, Western and Northern Western regions.[3]
Wind power costs in India are decreasing rapidly.[4] The levelised tariff of wind power reached a record low of ₹2.43 (3.4¢ US) per kWh (without any direct or indirect subsidies) during auctions for wind projects in December 2017.[5][6][7] However, the levelised tariff increased to ₹2.77 (3.9¢ US) per kWh in March 2021.[8] In December 2017, union government announced the applicable guidelines for tariff-based wind power auctions to bring more clarity and minimise the risk to the developers.[9]
National Wind power potential
The Indian government has installed over 800 wind-monitoring stations all over country through National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE) and issued wind potential maps at 50m, 80m, 100m and 120m above ground level. The recent assessment indicates a gross wind power potential of 302 GW in the country at 100 meter and 695.50 GW at 120 meter above ground level.[10]
Installed capacity
The table below shows India's year on year installed wind power, annual wind power generation and annual growth in wind power generation since 2006.[11]
| Financial year | 06-07 | 07-08 | 08-09 | 09-10 | 10-11 | 11-12 | 12-13 | 13-14 | 14-15 | 15-16 | 16-17 | 17-18 | 18-19[13] | 19-20 | 20-21 | 21-22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Installed capacity (MW) | 7,850 | 9,587 | 10,925 | 13,064 | 16,084 | 18,421 | 20,150 | 22,465 | 23,447 | 26,777 | 32,280 | 34,046 | 35,626 | 37,669 | 38,785 | 40,355 |
| Generation (GWh) | 28,214 | 28,604 | 46,011 | 52,666 | 62,036 | 64,485 | 59,824 | 68,640[14] |
History
Template:Bar graph Development of wind power in India began in December 1952, when Maneklal Sankalchand Thacker, a distinguished power engineer, initiated a project with the Indian Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) to explore the possibilities of harnessing wind power in the country.[15] The CSIR established a Wind Power Sub-Committee under P. Nilakantan, which was assigned the task of investigating the available resources that could be practically utilized, along with researching the economic possibilities of wind energy.[16] With assistance from the Indian Meteorological Department, the Sub-Committee extensively reviewed available data on surface winds in India and their velocity duration, and began detailed surveys of promising sites for harnessing the optimum amount of wind energy; it also successfully developed and tested large wood-and-bamboo windmills.
In September 1954, a Symposium on Solar Energy and Wind Power organised by the CSIR and UNESCO was held in New Delhi; among the attendees was E. W. Golding, a British power engineer and authority on wind energy generation.[15] Convinced of the potential of wind power in India, he recommended continued and extensive wind velocity surveys in different regions of India, the full-time assignment of staff to experimental wind power studies, the establishment of a dedicated research laboratory and development of small to medium-sized wind-powered electrical generators. Golding's recommendations were adopted by the CSIR in 1957.[15] By this time, regions of Saurashtra and around Coimbatore had been identified as promising sites for generating electricity from wind power, and the Wind Power Sub-Committee had begun to erect 20 wind velocity survey stations across India, in addition to testing its indigenously designed windmills and obtaining a 6 kW. Allgaier wind turbine, which was presented to India by the West German government; experiments at Porbandar with the latter had commenced by 1961.[16][15] The Indian government also considered a proposal to erect over 20,000 small to medium-sized wind-powered electrical generators in rural districts, to be used for powering water pumps and supplying electricity for remotely situated structures such as lighthouses.[16]
In 1960, the CSIR established a Wind Power Division as part of the new National Aeronautical Laboratory (NAL) in Bangalore, which was founded that year.[15] From the 1960s into the 1980s, the NAL and other groups continued to carry out wind velocity surveys and develop improved estimates of India's wind energy capacity.[17] Large-scale development of wind power began in 1985 with the first wind project in Veraval, Gujarat, in the form of a 40-kW Dutch machine (make Polenko) connected to the grid. The project, an initiative of late Dr. K S Rao, the then Director of GEDA (Gujarat Energy Development Agency), was a joint venture between GEDA and J K Synthetics Ltd. Though the performance of this machine was quite poor, it established the technical viability of operating wind turbines in the grid-connected mode in India. Subsequently, the Government of India planned several demonstration wind farms in the coastal regions of the country and simultaneously launched a massive programme to identify sites suitable for wind projects. In 1986, demonstration wind farms were set up in the coastal areas of Maharashtra (Ratnagiri), Gujarat (Okha) and Tamil Nadu (Tirunelveli) with 55 kW Vestas wind turbines. These demonstration projects were supported by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). The demonstration projects set up in 1985-86 established beyond doubt, both the technical and economic viability of the wind energy projects, while the wind-mapping programme resulted in the identification of many sites suitable for wind power projects (C-WET 2001; Mani 1990, 1992, 1994; Mani and Mooley 1983).
The potential for wind farms in the country was first assessed in 2011 to be more than 2,000 GW by Prof. Jami Hossain of TERI University, New Delhi.[18] This was subsequently re-validated by Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, US (LBNL) in an independent study in 2012. As a result, the MNRE set up a committee to reassess the potential[19] and through the National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE, previously C-WET) has announced a revised estimation of the potential wind resource in India from 49,130 MW to 302,000 MW assessed at 100 m hub height.[20] Wind turbines are now being set up at even 120 m hub height and the wind resource at higher hub heights of around 120 m or more that are prevailing is possibly even more.
In 2015, the MNRE set the target for Wind Power generation capacity by 2022 at 60,000 MW.[2][21]
East and North east regions have no grid connected wind power plant as of December 2017.
No offshore wind farm is under implementation as of December 2017.[22] However, an Offshore Wind Policy was announced in 2015 and presently weather stations and LIDARs are being set up by NIWE at some locations.[23] The first offshore wind farm is planned near Dhanushkodi in Tamil Nadu.[24]
Electricity generation
Wind power accounts for nearly 10% of India's total installed power generation capacity and generated 62.03 TWh in the fiscal year 2018–19, which is nearly 4% of total electricity generation.[25] The capacity utilisation factor is nearly 19.33% in the fiscal year 2018-19 (16% in 2017–18, 19.62% in 2016-17 and 14% in 2015–16). 70% of annual wind generation is during the five months duration from May to September coinciding with Southwest monsoon duration. In India, solar power is complementary to wind power as it is generated mostly during the non-monsoon period in daytime.[26]
| Month | North | West | South | East | North East | Total (GWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 2018 | 552.54 | 1,604.27 | 1,165.93 | - | - | 3,322.74 |
| May 2018 | 587.60 | 2,481.92 | 1,371.58 | - | - | 4,441.09 |
| June 2018 | 1,035.61 | 3,461.16 | 3,827.89 | 12.28 | - | 8,336.94 |
| July 2018 | 950.36 | 4,011.23 | 6,403.68 | - | - | 11,365.27 |
| August 2018 | 910.12 | 3,730.76 | 7,129.62 | 1.15 | - | 11,771.66 |
| September 2018 | 600.53 | 1,778.12 | 3,708.99 | 5.70 | - | 6,093.34 |
| October 2018 | 209.39 | 744.69 | 1,864.79 | 3.91 | - | 2,789.24 |
| November 2018 | 184.31 | 760.81 | 1,232.00 | 3.91 | - | 2,181.03 |
| December 2018 | 283.01 | 1,333.62 | 1,163.33 | 9.29 | - | 2,789.24 |
| January 2019 | 312.56 | 1,233.13 | 1,296.29 | 9.91 | - | 2,851.89 |
| February 2019 | 385.01 | 1,313.14 | 1,384.07 | 12.25 | - | 3,094.47 |
| March 2019 | 392.77 | 1,477.50 | 1,083.57 | 12.10 | - | 2,965.93 |
| Total (GWh) | 6,403.79 | 23,930.36 | 31,631.72 | 70.50 | - | 62,036.38 |
Wind power by state
There is a growing number of wind energy installations in states across India.
| State | Total Capacity (MW) |
|---|---|
| Tamil Nadu | 9608.04 |
| Gujarat | 8561.82 |
| Maharashtra | 5000.33 |
| Karnataka | 4938.60 |
| Rajasthan | 4326.82 |
| Andhra Pradesh | 4096.65 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 2519.89 |
| Telangana | 128.10 |
| Kerala | 62.50 |
| Others | 4.30 |
| Total | 39247.05 |
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu's wind power capacity is around 29% of India's total.[when?] The Government of Tamil Nadu realized the importance and need for renewable energy, and set up a separate Agency, as registered society, called the Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) as early as 1985. Tamil Nadu is a leader in Wind Power in India. In Muppandal windfarm the total capacity is 1500 MW, the largest wind power plant in India. The total wind installed capacity in Tamil Nadu is 7633 MW.[29] During the fiscal year 2014–15, the electricity generation is 9.521 GWh, with about a 15% capacity utilization factor.[30]
Maharashtra
Maharashtra is one of the prominent states that installed wind power projects second to Tamil Nadu in India. As of end of March 2016, installed wind power capacity is 4655.25 MW[citation needed]. As of now[when?] there are 50 developers registered with state nodal agency "Maharashtra energy Development Agency" for development of wind power projects. All the major manufacturers of wind turbines including ReNew Power, Suzlon, Vestas, Gamesa, Regen, Leitner Shriram have presence in Maharashtra.
Gujarat
Gujarat government's focus on tapping renewable energy has led to a sharp rise in the wind power capacity in the last few years. According to official data, wind power generation capacity in the state has increased a staggering ten times in the last six years. Gujarat has 16% of total capacity of country. ONGC Ltd. has installed a 51MW wind energy farm at Bhuj in Gujarat. Renewable energy projects worth a massive Rs 1 lakh crore of memorandums of understanding (MoUs) in the Vibrant Gujarat Summit in 2017.[31]
Rajasthan
4298 MW wind power plant has been installed in Rajasthan.[citation needed]
Madhya Pradesh
In consideration of unique concept, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh has sanctioned another 15 MW project to Madhya Pradesh Windfarms Ltd. MPWL, Bhopal at Nagda Hills near Dewas under consultation from Consolidated Energy Consultants Ltd. CECL Bhopal. All the 25 WEGs have been commissioned on 31.03.2008 and under successful operation.[32]
Kerala
55 MW production of wind power is installed in Kerala. The first wind farm of the state was set up in 1997 at Kanjikode in Palakkad district.[citation needed]
The agency has identified 16 sites for setting up wind farms through private developers.[citation needed]
Odisha
Odisha a coastal state has higher potential for wind energy. Current installation capacity stands at 2.0 MW. Odisha has a windpower potential of 1700MW. The Govt of Odisha is actively pursuing to boost Wind power generation in the state. however it has not progressed like other states primarily because Odisha having a huge coal reserve and number of existing and upcoming thermal power plants, is a power surplus state.[33]
West Bengal
The total installation in West Bengal is 2.10 MW till Dec 2009 at Fraserganj, Distt- South 24 Paraganas. More 0.5 MW (approx) at Ganga Sagar, Kakdwip, Distt - South 24 Paraganas. Both the project owned by West Bengal Renewable Energy Development Agency (WBREDA), Govt. of WB and project was executed on turnkey basis by Utility Powertech Limited (UPL).[citation needed]
Ladakh
The union territory of Ladakh and its Kargil district are potential wind energy areas, which are yet to be exploited.[20] Wind Speeds are higher during the winter months in Ladakh, which is complementary to the hydro power available during the summer months from the snow melt water. Being a Himalayan region located at higher altitude, the heating energy requirements are high which can be met by the renewable energy resources such as wind, solar and hydro power. The union territory is yet to open its account in grid connected wind power installations.[needs update]
Projects
India's largest wind power production facilities (10MW and greater)[34][35]
A wind farm in Rajasthan
| Rank | Power plant | Producer | Location | State | MWe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Muppandal Wind Farm[36] | Muppandal Wind | Kanyakumari | Tamil Nadu | 1500 |
| 2 | Jaisalmer Wind Park[37] | Suzlon Energy | Jaisalmer | Rajasthan | 1064 |
| 3 | Brahmanvel windfarm[38] | Parakh Agro Industries | Dhule | Maharashtra | 528 |
| 4 | Kayathar | Siemens Gamesa, ReNew Power | Tutcorin | Tamilnadu | 300 |
| 5 | Dhalgaon windfarm[39] | Gadre Marine Exports | Sangli | Maharashtra | 278 |
| 6 | Vankusawade Wind Park | Suzlon Energy Ltd. | Satara District. | Maharashtra | 259 |
| 7 | Vaspet | ReNew Power | Vaspet | Maharashtra | 144 |
| 8 | Tuljapur | Siemens Gamesa, ReNew Power | Osmanabad | Maharashtra | 126 |
| 9 | Beluguppa Wind Park | Orange Renewable | Beluguppa | Andhra Pradesh | 100.8 |
| 10 | Mamatkheda Wind Park | Orange Renewable | Mamatkheda | Madhya Pradesh | 100.5 |
| 11 | Anantapur Wind Park | Orange Renewable | Nimbagallu | Andhra Pradesh | 100 |
| 12 | Damanjodi Wind Power Plant | Suzlon Energy Ltd. | Damanjodi | Odisha | 99 |
| 13 | Jath | ReNew Power | Jath | Maharashtra | 84 |
| 14 | Welturi | ReNew Power | Welturi | Maharashtra | 75 |
| 15 | Acciona Tuppadahalli | Tuppadahalli Energy India Pvt Ltd | Chitradurga District | Karnataka | 56.1 |
| 16 | Dangiri Wind Farm | Oil India Ltd. | Jaiselmer | Rajasthan | 54 |
| 17 | Bercha Wind Park | Orange Renewable | Ratlam | Madhya Pradesh | 50 |
| 18 | Cape Comorin | Aban Loyd Chiles Offshore Ltd. | Kanyakumari | Tamil Nadu | 33 |
| 19 | Kayathar Subhash | Subhash Ltd. | Kayathar | Tamil Nadu | 30 |
| 20 | Jasdan | NTPC LTD. | Jasdan | Gujarat | 25.0 |
| 21 | Ramakkalmedu | Subhash Ltd. | Ramakkalmedu | Kerala | 25 |
| 22 | Gudimangalam | Gudimangalam Wind Farm | Gudimangalam | Tamil Nadu | 21 |
| 23 | Shalivahana Wind | Shalivahana Green Energy. Ltd. | Tirupur | Tamil Nadu | 20.4[40] |
| 24 | Puthlur RCI | Wescare (India) Ltd. | Puthlur | Andhra Pradesh | 20 |
| 25 | Lamda Danida | Danida India Ltd. | Lamba | Gujarat | 15 |
| 26 | Chennai Mohan | Mohan Breweries & Distilleries | Chennai | Tamil Nadu | 15 |
| 27 | Shah Gajendragarh | MMTCL | Gadag | Karnataka | 15 |
| 28 | Jamgudrani MP | MP Windfarms Ltd. | Dewas | Madhya Pradesh | 14 |
| 29 | Jogmatti BSES | BSES Ltd. | Chitradurga District | Karnataka | 14 |
| 30 | Perungudi Newam | Newam Power Company Ltd. | Perungudi | Tamil Nadu | 12 |
| 31 | Kethanur Wind Farm | Kethanur Wind Farm | Kethanur | Tamil Nadu | 11 |
| 32 | Shah Gajendragarh | Sanjay D. Ghodawat | Gadag | Karnataka | 10.8 |
| 33 | Hyderabad TSRTC | Telangana SRTC | Hyderabad | Telangana | 10 |
| 34 | Muppandal Madras | Madras Cements Ltd. | Muppandal | Tamil Nadu | 10 |
| 35 | Poolavadi Chettinad | Chettinad Cement Corp. Ltd. | Poolavadi | Tamil Nadu | 10 |
Offshore wind power plants
India has an offshore wind energy potential of around 70 GW in parts along the coast of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.[41] As of May 2022, there is no offshore wind project under construction or operation.[42]
India started planning in 2010 to enter into offshore wind power,[43] and a 100 MW demonstration plant located off the Gujarat coast began planning in 2014.[44] In 2013, a consortium (instead of group of organizations), led by Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) started project FOWIND (Facilitating Offshore Wind in India) to identify potential zones for development of off-shore wind power in India and to stimulate R & D activities in this area.[45] The other consortium partners include the Centre for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP), DNV GL, the Gujarat Power Corporation Limited (GPCL) and the World Institute of Sustainable Energy (WISE). The consortium was awarded the grant of €4.0 million by the delegation of the European Union to India in 2013 besides co-funding support from GPCL. The project action will be implemented from December 2013 to March 2018.
The project focuses on the States of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu for identification of potential zones for development through techno-commercial analysis and preliminary resource assessment. It will also establish a platform for structural collaboration and knowledge sharing between stakeholders from European Union and India, on offshore wind technology, policy, regulation, industry and human resource development. FOWIND activities will also help facilitate a platform to stimulate offshore wind related R&D activities in the country. The consortium published initial pre-feasibility assessment reports for offshore wind farm development in Gujarat and Tamil Nadu on 16 June 2015.[46][47] In September 2015, the India's cabinet has approved the National Offshore Wind Energy Policy. With this, the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE) has been authorized as the Nodal Ministry for use of offshore areas within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)[48]
India seems pacing up rapidly towards offshore wind energy development as the Nodal Ministry (MNRE) & Nodal Agency (NIWE) calls with the Expression of Interest (EoI)[49] inviting the bidders for development of first 1000MW commercial scale offshore windfarm in India, near the coast of Gujarat. The EoI published on 16 Apr 2018, specifies the proposed area identified under the FOWIND & FOWPI study funded by European Union. The proposed location of the offshore windfarm could be 23–40 km off the coast from the Pipavav port, Gulf of Khambhat. The proposed area covers about 400sq km. The wind measurements & other data collection are under progress under the supervision of NIWE.
See also
References
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External links
- How winds of change could be an alternative to coal
- Energy-hungry India eyes role as "wind superpower"
- Indian Wind Power - Magazine
