Calcutta Cricket and Football Club

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Calcutta Cricket & Football Club
File:Calcutta FCC.jpeg
Full nameCalcutta Cricket and Football Club
Short nameCCFC, CC&FC
Founded
  • 1792; 232 years ago (1792)
    (as Calcutta Cricket Club Clippers)
  • 1872; 152 years ago (1872)
    (as Calcutta Football Club)[note 1]
  • 1965; 59 years ago (1965)
    (as Calcutta Cricket & Football Club)[note 2]
GroundCC&FC Ground, Ballygunge
Calcutta FC Ground, Maidan
Capacity22,000
ChairmanSubrata Das
Head coachJamshid Nassiri
LeagueCalcutta Premier Division
WebsiteClub website

Calcutta Cricket & Football Club (incorporated as Calcutta Cricket Club Clippers), popularly known by its abbreviations CC&FC or CCFC, is an Indian multi-sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1792 as a cricket institution,[1] the football and rugby sections were added when it merged with Calcutta Football Club (oldest football club in Asia, founded in 1872) in 1965.[2]

Rugby section of the club made CC&FC the oldest rugby institution founded outside the United Kingdom and Ireland.[3][4] Club's football section competes in the premier division of Calcutta Football League, fourth tier of the Indian football league system.[5] CC&FC is headquartered in Ballygunge, on 19/1 Gurusaday Dutt Road.[6][7]

History[edit]

Early years (1792–1950s)[edit]

Shield of CC&FC

The history of CC&FC dates back to 1792, when the club was established by the name of Calcutta Cricket Club Clippers, predominantly as a cricket institution in the East India Company rule in India.[8][9][10][11] It was founded as one of the earliest known European gentlemen's clubs in Calcutta, then capital of British India.[12][13][14] While incepted in 1872, Calcutta FC introduced rugby in the country.[15][16][17][18] Recent evidence in the form of an article published in the Hicky's Bengal Gazette, suggests the club (described as "Gentlemen of Calcutta Cricket Club") existed in 1780[19] – that would make it the oldest cricket club in the world.[note 3][20] By 1825, Calcutta Cricket Club established themselves as one of the formidable sides in Bengal Presidency, alongside British Army-operated cricket teams in India.[21] They later contributed in introducing and developing association football; Nagendra Prasad Sarbadhikari (founding father of football in India) taught the game to his classmates of prestigious Hare School compound in 1877, after observing British soldiers playing the game in Calcutta FC ground.[22][23][24][25]

The Eden Gardens in Calcutta, home of cricket in India.

When tournaments began and organized by the Indian Football Association (IFA), CC&FC enjoyed rivalries with another all-European team Dalhousie AC, and fully indigenous side Mohun Bagan AC.[26][27][28][29][30][31] The club soon emerged as one of the prestigious private members' club in Asia; By January 1873, nearly 137 members had enrolled, while European womens were granted membership in the first half of the 19th century.[3] The primary sport Rugby, later suffered because of the departure of British regiments.[3] Bicycle Polo division (now known as Cycle Polo) was formed in 1901–02, and being played since then in CC&FC.[3] the club primarily used eastern end of the Eden Gardens from 1860s until shifting their base to Ballygunge in 1950s.[21]

Later years (1950s–present)[edit]

Front view of the CC&FC building in Ballygunge

After acquiring the "Calcutta Football Club" (1872–77; 1884–1965) in 1965, the institution completed all the absorptions to introduce themselves under the name of Calcutta Cricket and Football Club (CC&FC).[21] Sports still being practised at the club include: cricket, football, field hockey, rugby, cycle polo, swimming, tennis, and bridge.[32] The football team competed in both the Premier Division A and B of Calcutta Football League. The club's cricket and football teams usually participated in their respective divisions as "Calcutta Cricket Club" for cricket and "Calcutta Football Club" for football.[33][34] Their hockey and rugby teams participate under the combined name of "Calcutta Cricket and Football Club".[35][36]

CC&FC has been hosting various tournaments, including Merchants' Cup (a corporate open tournament) since 1970s for both football and cricket.[37][38][39] Merchants' Cup in hockey hosted by the club until its discontinuation in 2005, while cricket tournaments at the club are being sponsored by Kolkata Knight Riders.[37] Other tournaments such as J. Thomas Cup in rugby, and Georgiadi 7s tournament are also hosted at the club ground.[40] In November 2017, the club organized their 225th anniversary celebration, marking the 225 years of cricket in India, with presence of noted international cricketers like Sunil Gavaskar, Saurav Ganguly, MS Dhoni, Yuvraj Singh, VVS Laxman, and Virat Kohli.[41][42] In June 2023, Indian Football Association made an official announcement of merger of the both Premier Division A and B of Calcutta Football League (CFL), ahead of 125th edition, and allowed CC&FC to compete in Group I.[5][43][44][45]

Departments[edit]

Cricket[edit]

Further information: History of cricket in India to 1918
Ground of the Calcutta Cricket Club, 15th Jan'y. 1861 H.M. 68th L.I. from Rangoon, versus the Calcutta Cricket Club, a lithograph after a watercolour by Percy Carpenter, depicting a visit by the 68th (Durham) Regiment of Foot (Light Infantry).

The club was founded as the "Calcutta Cricket Club Clippers" by British expatriates who had come over with the British East India Company.[46][47][48] Have been in existence since 1792,[3][49] it is the second oldest cricket club in the world after Marylebone Cricket Club.[10][50][51][52][53] On 23 February 1792, Madras Courier reported the schedule of a match between Calcutta Cricket Club and a team from Barrackpore, and the news was later highlighted by Irwin Rosenwater on The London Times.[54][55]

During its earliest years of existence, the Calcutta Cricket Club played its home games near river Hooghly but it was not until 1841, when the institution got land to establish its home match venue.[54] On 19 April 1864, CC&FC was granted permission to build a pavilion at eastern end of the Eden Gardens.[54] There, a large pavilion of 125 feet by 25 feet was built out of Burma teak, modelled after pavilions of the Lord's Cricket Ground.[54] In 1889–90, the club came into limelight when Marylebone Cricket Club came to play in Calcutta by responding to the club's invitation, which was the first visit of a foreign team to play cricket in India.[54] In 1889–90 cricket season, another English team named "G. F. Vernon's XI", managed by George Vernon and captained by Martin Hawke, toured to Ceylon and India; played against Calcutta Cricket Club at the Eden Gardens on 23 December,[56][57] under the "Laws of Cricket" (prevailed in England at the time, including the compulsory follow-on and the recently introduced 5-ball over).[58][59][60] In 1892–93 cricket season, an English team led by Martin Hawke, came to India and played against Calcutta Cricket Club.[61][62][63]

In 1926–27 season during winter, CC&FC played the key role in bringing Marylebone Cricket Club, which was their second tour to India,[64][65][66][67][68] and MCC was then led by former England captain Arthur Edward Gilligan.[69][70][71] On 15 August 1950, then club president T. C. Longfield handed over the ownership of Eden Gardens to then Chief Minister of West Bengal, Bidhan Chandra Roy.[54] In December 1962, the club made history, when its members announced and conducted a 5-match series between Calcutta Cricket Club and Merchants' XI, introducing "limited over cricket format" (all were 20 overs).[54] It was later merged with the Calcutta Football Club (incorporated in 1872,[72][73] where both footballs — rugby and association were practised)[74][75][76] and the Ballygunge Cricket Club over the years to become the "Calcutta Cricket and Football Club" in 1965.[3] CC&FC is currently under the jurisdiction of Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB),[77][78] and competes in the CAB First Division League, J.C. Mukherjee T-20 Trophy, N.C. Chatterjee T-20 Trophy, and other regional tournaments.[79][80] Later in the 1970s, wooden pavilion of Calcutta was demolished, while the construction of the new club house (current headquarters of the CAB) began, which was named after Bidhan Chandra Roy.[54] Club's cricket section is currently headquartered in 19/1, Garcha 1st Lane, Ballygunge, Kolkata.[81]

Notable matches[edit]

Dates Match Venue Result Notes
23–25 December 1889 Calcutta Cricket Club v G. F. Vernon's XI Eden Gardens, Calcutta Vernon's XI won by 9 wickets [note 4][82]
5–6 January 1892 Calcutta Cricket Club v Lord Hawke's XI CCC Ground, Calcutta Lord Hawke's XI won by an innings and 83 runs [61]

Rugby union[edit]

Further information: Rugby union in India
Scene of a rugby match at the CFC ground in Calcutta, c. 1875 (from The Illustrated London News).
Trophy of the All India Rugby Cup, at the CC&FC.

In the British Raj, Rugby union was introduced and emerged as second most popular winter sport after association football. At the ground of CC&FC, first recorded match was played, on the Christmas day,[83][84] which paved the way for growth of the British sport in India, and foundation of "Calcutta Rugby Football Club" in January the following year by expats, former students of Rugby School and soldiers of the Royal East Kent Regiment – which was stationed in the 1870s.[85][86][87] In 1874, Calcutta Football Club joined the Rugby Football Union (RFU).[88][89][90][91][92][93] After departure of British troops, and recreational facilities became disbanded, club's rugby section was discontinued in 1878.[94] Members decided to keep the memory of the club alive by having the remaining 270 silver rupee coins in their bank vault melted down to be made into a trophy (the Calcutta Cup), which was then presented to the Rugby Football Union (described as "the best means of doing some lasting good for the cause of Rugby Football").[94] The sport came back at the CC&FC in 1884. In 1890, an inter-club tournament was incepted by the CC&FC, named Calcutta Rugby Union Challenge Cup (known simply as Calcutta Cup),[32] and its second division trophy was clinched by the club. Later in 2007, they emerged as runners-up in that tournament.[95]

I regret to say the Calcutta Football Club has ceased to exist, it being now found quite impossible to get sufficient men together to play even a scratch game…This being the case I proposed at a Meeting of the few remaining Members of the Club held on Tuesday last the 18th inst. as the best means of doing some lasting good for the cause of Rugby Football & as a slight memento of the Calcutta Club, that the Funds remaining to the credit of the Club should be devoted to the purchase of a Challenge Cup & presented to the Rugby Union.

— G. A. James Rothney (captain, honorary secretary and treasurer of the Calcutta FC), highlighting this in his letter to the Honorary Secretary and Treasurer of the Rugby Football Union, H. I. Graham Esq (dated 20 December 1877), on club's disfunction in 1877.[96]
83rd All India and South Asia Rugby Tournament hosted at the CC&FC ground in 2016

The club is also a regular participant of prestigious All India & South Asia Rugby Tournament, and hosted the championship on various occasions.[97][98][99] Women's rugby team of CC&FC also participate in that tournament.[100][101][102] The club also hosts Georgiadi Club Rugby Sevens tournament, in which CC&FC's men's and women's teams (known officially as CCFC Reds) compete.[103][104] In June 2013, CC&FC's affiliate club Hong Kong FC's rugby team "HKFC Vandals" toured to Kolkata and played against CCFC Reds.[105]

Football[edit]

CCFC main building in Ballygunge

Run by the British since its inception in 1872,[106] Calcutta Football Club was once one of the leading football teams,[107] consisting European players, had a great rivalry specially with Mohun Bagan.[108] Calcutta Football Club stayed away from Trades Cup, the country's first open football tournament because members felt that their "enjoyment of the sport would be impaired if they join the competitive fray", it was instrumental in instituting the Indian Football Association (IFA) in Calcutta very much on London lines.[3] The team for the first time was defeated by Mohun Bagan in 1923 in the return leg of CFL, but managed to clinch both the league and IFA Shield titles in that season.[109][110] Other rivals of the club were Mohammedan Sporting, Aryan and Dalhousie.[111][112]

Calcutta FC won the prestigious Calcutta Football League (CFL) eight times,[113] and the IFA Shield nine times[114] before merging to the Calcutta Cricket Club. In 2022, they roped in noted Indian-Iranian footballer Jamshid Nassiri as new head coach.[115]

Field hockey[edit]

CC&FC's hockey team is known as CCFC Gremlins,[116][117] and is affiliated with the Bengal Hockey Association (often shortened to 'Hockey Bengal').[118] Once consisting of Anglo-Indian players,[119][120] the team is currently participating in Calcutta Hockey League, and Beighton Cup (which is one of world's oldest field hockey tournaments).[121][122][123][124]

Tennis[edit]

Tennis as a racket sport in India, introduced by the Britishers and is an important sport, still being practiced within CCFC since 1920s.[125][126] One of the earliest tennis grass courts were installed within club grounds in Ballygunge.[125] The club clinched Ballygunge Cricket Club Open Lawn Tennis Championship title in 1929.[125] Editions of Prestigious Bengal Lawn Tennis Championships (incorporated in 1887) were organized by the CCFC.[125]

List of tennis captains of CCFC[125]

  • 1974–1980: Debu Ghose
  • 1980–1984: Prakash Dayal
  • 1984–1989: Bikram Das
  • 1989–1990: Sumanta Bannerjee
  • 1990–1991: Prodosh Kumar Sen
  • 1991–1994: Rajat Dutta
  • 1994–1997: Azam Monem
  • 1997–1998: S. R. Dutt
  • 1998–1999: Jaggi Minotra
  • 1999–2000: Bikram Das
  • 2000: Ranjan Mukherjee
  • 2000–2003: Pradeep Guhathakurta
  • 2003–2004: Nandan Kumar Chaudhuri
  • 2004–2005: Babul Mitter
  • 2005–2006: Rajat Dutta
  • 2006–2008: Naresh Ojha
  • 2008–2009: Chittapriyo Bose
  • 2009–2011: Vivek Bhasin
  • 2011–2012: Sunny Uthup
  • 2012–2014: Shantanu Tewary
  • 2014–2015: Daniel Ghaznavi
  • 2015–2016: Rajeev Ghosh

Others[edit]

Other individual and team sports being played in CC&FC are including golf, bridge, cycle polo, volleyball, table tennis, swimming, badminton, and darts.[127][128] Their polo team participated in editions of Laxmibilas Cup in Kolkata,[129] while volleyball team takes part in Elliot Shield State Volleyball Championship.[130] The club also won 4th edition of Monsoon League Bridge Tournament hosted by Tollygunge Club.[127] CC&FC also hosts and participate in Inter-club Darts Championship.[131]

Home ground[edit]

There was absence of permanent venue for CC&FC. In earlier days, they used grounds in Esplanade, parallel with grounds on the bank of river Hooghly, between Fort William and Government House.[3] In 1825, 'Sketch of the Maidan' was done by the club, and in 1841, they were allowed to enclose the ground. The club later used Auckland Circus Gardens.[3][132]

Cricket being played by Europeans, an undated photograph of Calcutta Cricket Club ground.

The club later played its home games at the Calcutta FC ground in Kolkata Maidan, now known as Mohun Bagan Ground.[133] It was used as venue of the 1954 edition of Quadrangular Series.[134][135] The present CC&FC Ground is located in Ballygunge, and it serves as one of the venues for matches of prestigious Ranji Trophy.[136][137][138][139]

Notable players and members[edit]

Main entrance to the CCFC club tent of football section (in left), beside the club tent of Mohun Bagan Athletic Club in Kolkata Maidan area.

Noted players[edit]

Rugby

Noted members[edit]

I have the most cherished memories of the Club from way back in 1978 when I became a young member... I would really want to map this Club on a Worldwide basis as some great Cricket establishments are not aware of CC&FC's grand and redoubtable legacy, by sheer weight of its long-established heritage and tradition the CC&FC’s existence for more than two and a quarter centuries speaks for itself...

— Arun Lal (former Indian international cricketer), on his CC&FC and his career.[19]

A large number of notable athletes are associated with the club, including:

Lal at the CC&FC in September 2017, wearing the jersey of club's "celebrating 225 years".

Notable presidents[edit]

Honours[edit]

Football[edit]

As Calcutta FC[edit]

Hockey[edit]

As Calcutta FC[edit]

Rugby[edit]

The "Other Calcutta Cup" trophy at CC&FC building, won by the club in 2005.

Tennis[edit]

  • Ballygunge Open Lawn Tennis Championship

Bridge[edit]

  • Monsoon League Inter-Club Bridge Tournament
    • Champions (1): 2021[40]

Affiliations and services[edit]

CC&FC has reciprocal arrangements with over 25 private members clubs around the world, enabling members to use facilities, including notable clubs such as Kowloon Cricket Club and Hong Kong FC of Hong Kong, Penang Sports Club of Malaysia, Royal Bangkok Sports Club of Thailand, Singapore Cricket Club of Singapore, Wanderers Club of South Africa, St James's Club of England, and Singhalese Sports Club of Sri Lanka.[186]

As one of the prestigious and notable gentlemen's clubs, besides sporting activities, CC&FC offers numerous modern facilities to its members and others, including gymnasium, cultural events and cuisines.[187][188] The club complex in Ballygunge is consisting of centenary hall, sporting library, swimming pool, glassed balcony-bar, and sporting grounds.[187] There is also a mini museum of club memorabilia within CC&FC, having jerseys and signed photographs of Stanley Matthews, George Best, Franz Beckenbauer, Gavin Hastings, alongside colonial antiquities.[189][187]

See also[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ↑ The date refers to the foundation of the Calcutta Football Club in 1872
  2. ↑ The date refers to the original Calcutta Cricket Club established in 1792, before merging to the Calcutta F.C. (1872–1965) in 1965 to form the current club.
  3. ↑ As per the Bengal Gazette, 16 December 1780; Hobbes, John Barley Corn Bahadur, 436–7. The Bengal Gazette entry indicates the world's first cricket club was started in Bengal, the Marylebone Cricket Club of London, being founded in 1787.
  4. ↑ At the time, "first-class" was a term in common usage but it was not yet an official standard. It was formally defined in the May 1894 meeting at Lord's of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and the county clubs which were then competing in the County Championship. The ruling was effective from the beginning of the 1895 season
  5. ↑ Fourth oldest football tournament, organized by the IFA (W.B.), and played between the local clubs of West Bengal and other invited ones.
  6. ↑ In the final of All India Rugby Football Tournament on 22 October 1932, held in Madras, CCFC lost to Ceylonese Rugby & Football Club.

References[edit]

  1. ↑ Some, Aritra (12 October 2020). "২৩০ বছর পেরিয়ে, কেমন আছে 'ক্যালকাটা ক্রিকেট ক্লাব'?" [India's first Cricket club is situated in Kolkata]. prohor.in (in Bengali). Prohor. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  2. ↑ Hor, Sandip (2010). "Indian Link — The City of Wonders". indianlink.com.au. Archived from the original on 4 April 2013. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 "History of the club". ccfc1792.com. Calcutta Cricket and Football Club. Archived from the original on 28 May 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  4. ↑ Tony Collins (2006). "Schism 1893–1895". Rugby's great split: class, culture and the origins of rugby league football (2nd ed.). Routlage. ISBN 0-415-39616-6. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Calcutta Football League (CFL) goes bigger than ever for its historic 125th season". thefangarage.com. Kolkata: The Fan Garage. 5 June 2023. Archived from the original on 6 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  6. ↑ Chakraborty, Saionee (8 November 2021). "Deepankar Nandi on leading CC&FC from the front". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  7. ↑ "India — Calcutta Cricket and Football Club — Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos". int.soccerway.com. Soccerway. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  8. ↑ Gupta, Sujoy (1 January 2002). Seventeen Ninety Two: A History of the Calcutta Cricket & Football Club. Kolkata: Calcutta Cricket & Football Club. p. 180. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023.
  9. ↑ Alam, Dhrubo (16 July 2018). "Kick, Score, Scream! The History of Football in Dhaka". Dhaka: Ice Today. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "BCCI: Cricket in India — History". bcci.tv. Board of Control for Cricket in India. Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  11. ↑ Sengupta, Somnath (24 April 2012). "Legends Of Indian Football: The Pioneers". thehardtackle.com. The Hard Tackle. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
  12. ↑ "OUR SPORTSMEN". 123india.com. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 27 September 2007.
  13. ↑ Bandyopadhyay, Kausik (2008). "Football in Bengali culture and society: a study in the social history of football in Bengal 1911–1980". Shodhganga. University of Calcutta. p. 35. hdl:10603/174532. Archived from the original on 7 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  14. ↑ Majumdar, Boria (2018). Eleven Gods and a Billion Indians: The On and Off the Field Story of Cricket in India and Beyond. Noida: Simon & Schuster India. ISBN 9789386797186.
  15. ↑ Hassan Niru, Mahabubul (7 July 2013). "আমাদের ফুটবলের বেলা অবেলা কালবে‍লা" [Days and moments of our football]. mahaneebas.wordpress.com (in Bengali). Dhaka, Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 6 April 2014. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  16. ↑ Drennan, Jonathan (16 May 2020). "The rugby club in Kolkata that has given hope to 3,500 street children". thegurdian.com. London: The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  17. ↑ Majumdar, Boria, Bandyopadhyay, Kausik (1 February 2006). Goalless: The Story of a Unique Footballing Nation. New Delhi: Penguin India. ISBN 9780670058747. Archived from the original on 8 April 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ↑ Bath, Richard (ed.) The Complete Book of Rugby. Seven Oaks Ltd. 1997. ISBN 1-86200-013-1 (archived 6 October 2023).
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 Bose, Reshmi. "CCFC − 225 AND STILL COUNTING". wotweb.com. Kolkata: Window On Travel. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  20. ↑ Majumdar, B. (2006). "Cricket in colonial Bengal (1880–1947): A lost history of nationalism". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 23 (6): 960–990. doi:10.1080/09523360600802562. S2CID 216152701. Archived from the original on 1 March 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 Chakraborty, Ajanta (30 July 2013). "World's oldest sports club to go to ballot box for the first time in 221 years". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Kolkata: The Times of India. TNN. Archived from the original on 2 August 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  22. ↑ "History in Timeline of Indian Football — Calcutta FC the first club to be established in 1872". the-aiff.com. New Delhi: All India Football Federation. Archived from the original on 8 March 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  23. ↑ Majumdar, Rounak (22 April 2019). "The Golden Years of Indian Football". chaseyoursport.com. Kolkata: Chase Your Sport. Archived from the original on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  24. ↑ Pillai, Manu S (8 June 2018). "How football kicked off in India | As with the English language, when the British transported the sport to India, they didn't expect the 'natives' to beat them at it". lifestyle.livemint.com. Delhi, India: Livemint Delhi. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
  25. ↑ Waris, Sarah (25 January 2020). "Nagendra Prasad — The father of Indian football who removed prejudice from the sport". thebridge.in. Kolkata: The Bridge. Archived from the original on 24 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
  26. ↑ Mukherjee, Anita. "MOHUN BAGAN VILLA – GONE, BUT NOT FORGOTTEN". Breathing Roots. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  27. ↑ Sengupta, Somnath (2 May 2010). "History Of Mohun Bagan (Part 1): The Success That Changed Indian Football". The Hard Tackle. Archived from the original on 25 October 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  28. ↑ Shah, Manasi (19 June 2022). "A burnt-down football club and a 121-year-old legacy the flames couldn't touch". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 26 October 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
  29. ↑ Ajantrik (8 March 2015). "Dalhousie Institute, Hare Street, Calcutta, 1865". puronokolkata.com. Kolkata: Purono Kolkata. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  30. ↑ Chakraborty, Debojyoti (29 August 2017). "WHEN EASTERN RAILWAY RAN ON FULL STEAM (1958)". www.goaldentimes.org. Goalden Times. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  31. ↑ Guha, Chandak (5 September 2019). "ইংরেজরাও ভয় পেত বাংলার প্রথম কিংবদন্তি ফুটবল কোচকে" [The Englishmen too feared Bengal's legendary first football coach]. bongodorshon.com (in Bengali). Kolkata: Bongodorshon Information Desk. Archived from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 "Calcutta Cricket and Football Club history". ccfc1792.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
  33. ↑ "IFAWB Clubs: Men's Division (Calcutta Football League)". ifawb.org. Indian Football Association. Archived from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  34. ↑ "First Division". Cricket Association of Bengal. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  35. ↑ "Schedule". Hockey Bengal. Archived from the original on 24 October 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  36. ↑ "Clubs". Rugby India. Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Ninan, Susan (3 July 2020). "Sport, interrupted: After 228 years, Kolkata's storied CC&FC laid low by lockdown". ESPN.com. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  38. ↑ Deb, Rwitoban (26 May 2006). "TT Merchants' Cup — Airtel win big". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  39. ↑ Deb, Rwitoban (15 May 2016). "The football feast at the CC&FC kicks off to a great start". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 "PRESIDENT'S CORNER — Mr. Deepankar Nandi". ccfc1792.com. Kolkata. 10 October 2022. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  41. ↑ "Galaxy of stars to take part in charity evening of CC&FC". sportstar.thehindu.com. Kolkata: Sportstar. Press Trust of India. 21 September 2017. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  42. ↑ "Cricket & anecdotes". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. 19 November 2017. Archived from the original on 27 September 2023. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
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  182. ↑ Wijeratna, Neil (19 June 2020). "WHEN RUGBY FOOTBALL IN CEYLON REACHED ITS PEAK; ALL-CEYLON 15 — WESTERN AUSTRALIA 3". The Daily Mirror Sri Lanka. Archived from the original on 20 May 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2022 – via PressReader.
  183. ↑ "Bombay Gym rally to down Army in final of All India & South Asia Rugby Championship". daijiworld.com. Kolkata. 17 October 2022. Archived from the original on 1 August 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  184. ↑ Datta, Amit (3 August 2019). "Photos: In Kolkata, India's rugby hub and the roots of the Calcutta Cup". hindustantimes.com. Kolkata: Hindustan Times. AFP. Archived from the original on 21 August 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  185. ↑ "Congratulations to our home team for their victory in the Calcutta Cup 2015". ccfc1792.com. Kolkata: Calcutta Cricket and Football Club. 16 May 2015. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016.
  186. ↑ "CCFC — RECIPROCAL CLUB: Indian — Overseas". ccfc1792.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  187. ↑ 187.0 187.1 187.2 Bhimani, Rita (11 August 2017). "12 CLUBS TO BE A PART OF IN KOLKATA". wotweb.com. Kolkata: Window On Travel. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  188. ↑ Gilchrist, John (11 August 2017). "Calcutta Cricket Club offers enticing modern take on Bengali dishes". calgaryherald.com. Calgary: Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on 11 August 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  189. ↑ Brenkley, Stephen (20 January 2002). "Meet Charlie — from the Bengal branch of the Van der Guchts". independent.co.uk. London: The Independent UK. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 12 July 2023.

Further reading[edit]

Bibliography

Cited sources

External links[edit]

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