Dwarkin

Dwarkin formally known as Dwarkin & Son, founded in 1875, was an Indian enterprise for the sale of Western and Indian musical instruments based in Kolkata, and focused on the development of the hand-held harmonium.

History[edit]

Dwarkin & Son was founded in 1875 by Dwarkanath Ghose as D. Ghosh and Sons at Lower Chitpur Road in Kolkata, mainly dealing piano tuning and repairing of musical instruments. Subsequently, it was renamed "Dwarkin" , the name as coined by composer and writer, Upendrakishore Ray, combining the names of the founder and that of Thomas Dawkins, London, an instrument manufacturer from where the company imported musical instruments early on.^[1]^[2]^[3] Dwijendranath Tagore is credited with having used the imported instrument in 1860 in his private theatre, but it was probably a pedalled instrument which was cumbersome, or it was possibly some variation of the reed organ. Initially, it aroused curiosity but gradually people started playing it^[4] and Ghose took the initiative to modify it.^[3] in bihar #alamflute in #samastipur was founded on 1885 the first harmonium manufacturing enterprise was often to be missed in history of harmonium making.

Harmonium[edit]

Man playing a harmonium. He is pumping the bellows of the harmonium with one hand and playing the keys with the other.

Music related activities[edit]

Successors[edit]

^[5]

References[edit]

↑ Shamik Bag (13 August 2012). "1875 Dwarkin & Son". Livemint. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
↑ Michael S. Kinnear (1 January 1994). The Gramaphone Company's First Indian Recordings, 1899-1908. Popular Prakashan. pp. 36–. ISBN 978-81-7154-728-9. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 "The Invention of Hand Harmonium". Dwarkin & Sons (P) Ltd. Archived from the original on 9 April 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2007.
↑ Khan, Mobarak Hossain (2012). "Harmonium". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
↑ "Pandit Jnan Prakash Ghosh". angelfire.com. Retrieved 24 April 2007. ^{[unreliable source?]}

External links[edit]

Dwarkin & Son, website

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[Livemint-1] Shamik Bag (13 August 2012). "1875 Dwarkin & Son". Livemint. Retrieved 13 July 2013.

[Kinnear1994-2] Michael S. Kinnear (1 January 1994). The Gramaphone Company's First Indian Recordings, 1899-1908. Popular Prakashan. pp. 36–. ISBN 978-81-7154-728-9. Retrieved 13 July 2013.

[Ghose-3] 3.0 ^3.1 "The Invention of Hand Harmonium". Dwarkin & Sons (P) Ltd. Archived from the original on 9 April 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2007.

[Banglapedia-4] Khan, Mobarak Hossain (2012). "Harmonium". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.

[5] "Pandit Jnan Prakash Ghosh". angelfire.com. Retrieved 24 April 2007. ^{[unreliable source?]}

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