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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name | | name = Mahesana | ||
| other_name | | other_name = | ||
| nickname | | nickname = | ||
| settlement_type | | settlement_type = City | ||
| image_skyline | | image_skyline = Rajmahal Mehsana Gujarat India.jpg | ||
| image_alt | | image_alt = | ||
| image_caption | | image_caption = [[Rajmahal, Mehsana|Rajmahal]], a palace built in 1904 by [[Sayajirao Gaekwad III]] | ||
{{Photomontage|photo3a = Mehsana 01.jpg | |||
}} | }} | ||
| pushpin_map = | |||
| map_alt = | |||
| map_caption = | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|23|36|0|N|72|24|0|E|display=inline,title}} | |||
| subdivision_type = Country | |||
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | |||
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | |||
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Gujarat.svg}} [[Gujarat]] | |||
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | |||
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mehsana district|Mehsana]] | |||
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of regions of India|Region]] | |||
| subdivision_name3 = [[North Gujarat]] | |||
| established_title = <!-- Established --> | |||
| established_date = 1319 or 1358 AD | |||
| founder = Mehsaji Chavda | |||
| named_for = | |||
| government_type = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]] | |||
| governing_body = [[Mehsana Municipal Corporation]] | |||
| leader_title3 = [[Municipal commissioner]] | |||
| leader_name3 = Ravindra Khatale | |||
| unit_pref = Metric | |||
| area_footnotes = | |||
| area_rank = | |||
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="MSNNP">{{cite web|title=Mehsana Nagarpalika, Mehsana|url=http://mehsananagarpalika.com/mehsana.html|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104173054/http://mehsananagarpalika.com/mehsana.html|archive-date=4 November 2016|access-date=1 February 2017|website=Mehsana Nagarpalika|language=gu}}</ref> | |||
| elevation_ft = 375 | |||
| population_total = 184991<ref name="2011census1" /> | |||
| population_as_of = 2011 | |||
| population_rank = 18th (Gujarat) | |||
| area_total_km2 = 116.77 | |||
| population_density_km2 = auto | |||
| population_metro = 190189 | |||
| population_metro_footnotes = <ref name=UA1Lakhandabove>{{cite web | url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above | publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India | access-date=26 March 2012 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113152754/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | archive-date=13 November 2011 }}</ref> | |||
| population_demonym = Mehoni, Mehsani | |||
| population_footnotes = <ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove>{{cite web | url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Cities having population 1 lakh and above | publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India | access-date=26 March 2012 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507135928/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | archive-date=7 May 2012 }}</ref> | |||
| demographics_type1 = Languages | |||
| demographics1_title1 = Official | |||
| demographics1_info1 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]] | |||
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | |||
| utc_offset1 = +5:30 | |||
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | |||
| postal_code = 384001, 384002,384003 | |||
| area_code_type = Telephone code | |||
| area_code = 91 2762 | |||
| registration_plate = GJ-02 | |||
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]] | |||
| blank1_info_sec1 = 1.12<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]] | |||
| website = https://mahesanacity.in/ | |||
| footnotes = | |||
| official_name = | |||
| mapframe = yes | |||
}} | |||
'''Mehsana''' ({{audio|Mehsana.ogg|pronunciation}}), also spelled '''Mahesana''', is a city and the headquarters of [[Mehsana district]] in the [[Indian state]] of [[Gujarat]]. Established in 14th century, the city was under [[Gaekwad dynasty|Gaekwads]] of [[Baroda State]] from 18th century to the independence of India in 1947. Dairy, oil and natural gas are major industries in the city. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
[[File:Toranwali Mata temple gate Mehsana.jpg|thumb|Gate of Toranwali Mata Temple|left]] | [[File:Toranwali Mata temple gate Mehsana.jpg|thumb|Gate of Toranwali Mata Temple|left]] | ||
[[Gaekwad]]s conquered [[Vadodara|Baroda]] and established [[Baroda State]] in 1721. | === History and legends === | ||
Jaisinh Brahmabhatt describes the following legend in his poems from 1932 AD:<ref name="dp" /><ref name="MSNNP" /> Mehsana was established by Mehsaji Chavda, [[Rajput]] heir of the [[Chavda dynasty]]. He constructed the ''[[Torana]]'' (arc gate) of the city and a temple dedicated to Goddess Toran on Bhadrapad Sud 10 in [[Vikram Samvat]] 1414 (1358 AD).<ref name="nri">{{cite web | url=http://www.nri.gujarat.gov.in/his-mehsana-2.htm | title=Mehsana - History | publisher=Government of Gujarat | work=NRI Division | year=2009 | access-date=March 17, 2013 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021214307/http://www.nri.gujarat.gov.in/his-mehsana-2.htm | archive-date=October 21, 2014 }}</ref><ref name="GG1975" /> The legend is corroborated in ''Pragat Prabhavi Parshwanath athva Parshwanathna Chamatkaro'' published in Vikram Samvat 1909 (1823 AD) by Manilal Nyalchand Shah who also mentioned in it that Mehsaji built a temple dedicated to [[Chamunda]]. Another legend says that Mehsaji established the town in [[Vikram Samvat]] 1375 (1319 AD). Both legends describes that the town is named after Mehsaji. These legends also inconclusively establish that the town was founded during the Rajput period.<ref name="GG1975">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JycbAAAAIAAJ |title=Gujarat State Gazetteers: Mehsana District |publisher=Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, [[Government of Gujarat]] |year=1975 |editor=S. B. Rajyagor |series=Gujarat State Gazetteers |volume=5 |pages=1, 108, 805–806 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216021852/https://books.google.com/books?id=JycbAAAAIAAJ |archive-date=2017-02-16 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Shah|first=Manilal Nyalchand|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.516741/page/n1/mode/2up|title=Pragat Prabhavi Parshwanth athwa Parshwanathna Chamatkaro|publisher=Manilal Nyalchand Shah|year=1823|location=Ahmedabad|pages=118}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-08-17|title=વિ.સં.૧૪૧૪, ભાદરવા સુદ ૧૦ના દિવસે શ્રી મેસાણાનું તોરણ બંધાયું|url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/UGUJ-MEH-mahesana-history-prachin-arvachin-part-2-4715525-PHO.html|access-date=2020-11-06|website=Divya Bhaskar|language=gu}}</ref> According to another story, [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi Sultan]] [[Alauddin Khalji]] had gifted 284 villages to Punjaji Chavda, a descendant of [[Vanaraja Chavda|Vanraja Chavda]], who had established [[Ambasan]] as his capital. His son Mesaji Chavda later established Mehsana.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/uguj-meh-omc-happy-birthday-mehsana-660th-foundation-day-know-about-city-gujarati-news-5683196-pho.html|title=આજે બર્થ-ડે: મહેસાણાને વર્ષો પહેલાં લોકો કયા નામે ઓળખાતાં હતાં? જાણો|publisher=Divya Bhaskar|date=2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=મહેસાણાનો આજે 661મો સ્થાપના દિવસ, જાણો શું છે તેનો ઇતિહાસ|url=https://zeenews.india.com/gujarati/gujarat/establishment-of-mehsana-before-661-year-18965|access-date=2024-03-17|website=Zee News}}</ref> | |||
=== Gaekwad maratha rule in north Gujarat === | |||
[[Gaekwad]]s conquered [[Vadodara|Baroda]] and established [[Baroda State]] in 1721.<ref name=":0" /> Following the [[third Battle of Panipat]], [[Damaji Rao Gaekwad]] removed [[Babi dynasty]] from [[Visnagar]] and conquered [[Patan, Gujarat|Patan]] in 1766.<ref name="GG1975" /> He expanded their rule in north Gujarat uniting the regions of Visnagar, [[Vadnagar]], [[Kheralu]], Mehsana, Vijapur, Patan and Harij.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |url=https://cmogujarat.gov.in/Ebook/GujaratMarchingAhead/GujaratMarchingAheadVolume4Feb2018.pdf |title=Gujarat Marching Ahead |publisher=Government of Gujarat |editor-last=Kumar |editor-first=Ashwini |volume=4 |location=Gandhinagar |publication-date=February 2018 |pages=20–23 |chapter=District Profile: Mehsana: Gujarat's cultural and political axis |issue=2}}</ref> He established [[Patan, Gujarat|Patan]] as its administrative headquarters. Later the headquarters was moved to [[Kadi, Gujarat|Kadi]] and subsequently to Mehsana in 1902 when the city was connected by the [[Gaekwar's Baroda State Railway]] which was opened on 21 March 1887. [[Sayajirao Gaekwad III]] built [[Rajmahal, Mehsana|Rajmahal]], a palace in 1904.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.276073|title=The Ruler Of Baroda: An Account of the Life and Work of the Maharaja Gaekwar|last=Sergeant|first=Philip W.|publisher=John Murray|year=1928|location=Albemarle Street, London|pages=226–229}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> | |||
=== Post-independence administrative changes === | |||
Baroda State merged with the Union of India after independence in 1947. It was merged into [[Bombay State]] as Mehsana district in 1949. Later it became part of [[Gujarat]] in 1960 after the division of Bombay state into Gujarat and [[Maharashtra]]. The city of Mehsana is the headquarters of Mehsana district in north Gujarat.<ref name="dp">{{cite web | url=https://mehsanadp.gujarat.gov.in/Mehasana/jilavishe/etihas.htm | title=History | language=gu | publisher=Mehsana District Panchayat | work=Government of Gujarat | date=17 July 2012 | access-date=March 17, 2013 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508063032/http://mehsanadp.gujarat.gov.in/Mehasana/jilavishe/etihas.htm | archive-date=8 May 2012 }}</ref><ref name="GG1975" /> | |||
Baroda | === Formation of the Municipal Corporation === | ||
Following the merger of Baroda state with [[Bombay State]] on 1 August 1949, the city was governed by Bombay District Municipal Act, 1902. From 1 January 1956 to 2024, it was governed under Gujarat Nagar Palika Act, 1963.<ref name="MSNNP" /> The formation of the Mehsana Municipal Corporation was approved on 1 January 2025. Total nine adjoining village [[Panchayati raj|panchayats]]: Fatepura, Ramosana, Ramosana NA area, Dediyasan, Palavasna, Heduva Rajgar, Heduva Hanumant, Taleti and Lakhwad; as well as the parts of five village panchayats: Palodar, Panchot, Gilosan, Nugar and Sakhpurda; were merged with Mehsana Nagarpalika to form the Mehsana Municipal Corporation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=રાજ્યની 9 મહા નગરપાલિકાને મહા પાલિકાનો દરજ્જો અપાયો, હવે કુલ મનપા 17 થઈ |url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/gujarat/gujarat-govt-officially-declared-new-nine-municipal-corporations |access-date=2025-01-01 |website=[[Gujarat Samachar]] |language=gu}}</ref> More 10 panchayats were also merged later in September 2025: Ucharpi, Detrojpura, Tavadiya, Dela, Kukas, Rupal (Kukas), Rampura, Virampura, Hebuva and Shobhasan. Following the formation of the Mehsana Municipal Corporation, the total area under the city administration expanded from {{convert|32|sqkm}} to {{convert|120|sqkm}} with total population of 4.53 [[lakh]].<ref name="GujJag">{{Cite web |date=2025-09-26 |title=Mehsana: મહેસાણા મનપામાં વધુ 10 ગામોનો સમાવેશ, 120 કિ.મી.ના વિસ્તારમાં વિસ્તરણ, 4.53 લાખની વસ્તી |url=https://www.gujaratijagran.com/gujarat/mehsana/mehsana-news-10-more-villages-included-in-mehsana-municipality-expansion-to-an-area-of-120-km-population-of-4-53-lakh-609810 |access-date=2025-10-29 |website=Gujarati Jagran |language=gu}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=મહેસાણામાં હવે મકાનના ભાવ આસમાન આંબશે! મહાનગરપાલિકા જાહેર કરાતા કઈ સુવિધાઓમાં થશે વધારો? |url=https://zeenews.india.com/gujarati/gujarat/development-works-in-mehsana-will-get-a-booster-dose-what-facilities-will-be-available-after-being-declared-a-municipality-322586 |access-date=2024-02-03 |website=Zee News}}</ref> | |||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
Mehsana has an average elevation of {{convert|375|ft|m|abbr=}} above sea level.<ref name="MSNNP" /> By Ahmedabad- | [[File:Khari River Mehsana.jpg|thumb|Khari River near Mehsana|left]] | ||
Mehsana has an average elevation of {{convert|375|ft|m|abbr=}} above sea level.<ref name="MSNNP" /> By Ahmedabad-Palanpur Railway line, the town is divided in two: the east and western parts are known as Mehsana-1 and Mehsana-2 respectively.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=2021-06-05 |title=મહેસાણામાં બગીચાની અસમતુલા પશ્ચિમ ભાગમાં 7, પૂર્વમાં માત્ર 2 બગીચા |language=gu |work=[[NavGujarat Samay]] |url=https://www.navgujaratsamay.com/garden-asymmetry-in-mehsana-7-in-the-western-part-only-2-gardens-in-the-east/200557.html |access-date=2022-10-06}}</ref> | |||
==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
{{Historical population | {{Historical population | ||
| source = <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.mehsananagarpalika.com/population.html |title = Welcome to Mehsana Nagarpalika, Mehsana, Gujarat, INDIA}}</ref> | | source = <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.mehsananagarpalika.com/population.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228151901/http://mehsananagarpalika.com/population.html | url-status=usurped | archive-date=28 February 2017 |title = Welcome to Mehsana Nagarpalika, Mehsana, Gujarat, INDIA}}</ref> | ||
| 1901 | 9393 | | 1901 | 9393 | ||
| 1911 | 10141 | | 1911 | 10141 | ||
| Line 93: | Line 105: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{As of|2011|alt=As of the 2011}} India [[census]], the population of Mehsana was 184,991, of which male and female were 97,440 and 87,551, respectively.<ref name="2011census1">{{Cite web | url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=571696 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20190820053153/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=571696 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2019-08-20 |title = Census of India: Search Details}}</ref> Its urban-metropolitan population was 190,753 of which 100,558 were males and 90,195 were females.<ref name="2011census2">{{Cite web | url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=571695 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20190820053309/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=571695 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2019-08-20 |title = Census of India: Search Details}}</ref> | {{As of|2011|alt=As of the 2011}} India [[census]], the population of Mehsana was 184,991, of which male and female were 97,440 and 87,551, respectively.<ref name="2011census1">{{Cite web | url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=571696 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20190820053153/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=571696 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2019-08-20 |title = Census of India: Search Details}}</ref> Its urban-metropolitan population was 190,753 of which 100,558 were males and 90,195 were females.<ref name="2011census2">{{Cite web | url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=571695 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20190820053309/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=571695 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2019-08-20 |title = Census of India: Search Details}}</ref> | ||
Following the formation of the Mehsana Municipal Corporation, the estimated population living in the city as of 2024 will increase from 3,15,619 to 4,26,997.<ref name=":4" /> | |||
The sex ratio was 894 females to 1,000 males.<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> Mehsana had an average literacy rate of 84.26%, higher than the national average. Male literacy was 91.88%, and female literacy was 76.12%.<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> 9.4% of Mehsana's population was under 6 years of age.<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> | The sex ratio was 894 females to 1,000 males.<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> Mehsana had an average literacy rate of 84.26%, higher than the national average. Male literacy was 91.88%, and female literacy was 76.12%.<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> 9.4% of Mehsana's population was under 6 years of age.<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> | ||
At 762,<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> Mehsana had the lowest child sex-ratio among the urban centres in India.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mehsana, shame of India!|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-13/ahmedabad/30623606_1_girl-child-mehsana-town-mehsana-district-collector|access-date=23 January 2012|author=Radha Sharma & Bharat Yagnik|date=13 January 2012|url-status= | At 762,<ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove /> Mehsana had the lowest child sex-ratio among the urban centres in India.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mehsana, shame of India!|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-13/ahmedabad/30623606_1_girl-child-mehsana-town-mehsana-district-collector|access-date=23 January 2012|author=Radha Sharma & Bharat Yagnik|date=13 January 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223211951/http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/12/52|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=23 February 2017}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Mehsana City | !Mehsana City | ||
| Line 130: | Line 144: | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Religion== | ===Religion=== | ||
{{unreferenced section|date=July 2017}} | {{unreferenced section|date=July 2017}} | ||
[[Hinduism]] is the majority religion in Mehsana with 88.18% of the population being followers. Islam is the second-most-popular religion in the city at 9.26%, followed by Jainism at 1.62%, Sikhism 0.28%, Buddhism 0.28%,{{clarify|date=March 2018|does not match with table below}} and Christianity at 0.27%. Around 0.01% identified with other religions and approximately 0.36% were of no particular religion. | [[Hinduism]] is the majority religion in Mehsana with 88.18% of the population being followers. Islam is the second-most-popular religion in the city at 9.26%, followed by [[Jainism]] at 1.62%, [[Sikhism]] 0.28%, [[Buddhism]] 0.28%,{{clarify|date=March 2018|does not match with table below}} and Christianity at 0.27%. Around 0.01% identified with other religions and approximately 0.36% were of no particular religion. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Religion | !Religion | ||
| Line 171: | Line 184: | ||
|0.01% | |0.01% | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Places of interest== | |||
[[File:Boter Kotha ni Vav Mehsana Stepwell 2.jpg|thumb|left|[[Boter Kothani Vav]]]] | |||
[[Rajmahal, Mehsana|Rajmahal]] is a palace built in 1904 by Sayajirao Gaekwad III.<ref name=":0"/> [[Boter Kothani Vav]] was constructed during the reign of Mughal emperor [[Aurangzeb]]. An inscription dated 1674 AD in Persian and Devnagari scripts states that it was commissioned by Shah Gokaldas of [[Shrimali Brahmin|Shrimali]] caste, Laghu Shakha, and his mother Manabai for public welfare.<ref name="Bhatt2014">{{cite book|author=Purnima Mehta Bhatt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tWmiDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT57|title=Her Space, Her Story: Exploring the Stepwells of Gujarat|date=16 December 2014|publisher=Zubaan|isbn=978-93-84757-08-3|pages=57–58|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824131900/https://books.google.com/books?id=tWmiDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT57|archive-date=24 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> There is another stepwell known as Bodashiyani Vav in [[Biladi Baug]]. It was constructed by Shah Virchandji Jadavji.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhojak |first=Kanaiyalal Amthalal |title=Mehsana: Prachin Arvachin |publisher=Mehsana Municipality |year=1957 |isbn= |location=Mehsana |pages=84–85 |language=gu |script-title=gu:મહેસાણા: પ્રાચીન અર્વાચીન |trans-title=Mehsana: Ancient and Modern}}</ref><ref name="MSNNP" /> | |||
Other historical monuments include Shrimad Yashovijayji Jain Sanskrit Pathshala building, T. J. High School, Kesharbai School and Mehsana district local board office.<ref name="MSNNP" /> [[Dudhsagar Dairy plant]] is a [[Postmodern architecture|postmodernist]] building designed by [[Achyut Kanvinde]].<ref name=":1" /> | |||
==={{anchor|Places of Worship}}Places of worship=== | ==={{anchor|Places of Worship}}Places of worship=== | ||
[[File:Manoranjan Parshwanath Jaim Temple, Mehsana 2023 4.jpg|thumb|Glass-studded ceiling of Manoranjan Parshwanath Jain temple]] | |||
Major Hindu temples include: Pushtimarg temples of Madanmohanlalji temple and Dwarkadhishji temple, Toranvali Mata temple, Brahmani Mata temple, [[Hinglaj]] Mata temple, Bahuchar Mata temple, Kalupur Gadi Swaminarayan temple, BAPS Swaminarayan temple, Gayatri temple, Ambika Mata temple and Somnath Mahadev temple.<ref name="GG1975"/> Bhimnath Mahadev Temple was renovated in 1982.<ref>{{Cite news |title=મહેસાણાનું અતિ પ્રાચીન ભીમનાથ મહાદેવ મંદિર |language=gu |work=Divya Bhaskar |url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/UGUJ-mehsana-ancient-bhimnath-mahadev-temple-1243429.html}}</ref> | Major Hindu temples include: Pushtimarg temples of Madanmohanlalji temple and Dwarkadhishji temple, Toranvali Mata temple, Brahmani Mata temple, [[Hinglaj]] Mata temple, Bahuchar Mata temple, Kalupur Gadi Swaminarayan temple, BAPS Swaminarayan temple, Gayatri temple, Ambika Mata temple and Somnath Mahadev temple.<ref name="GG1975"/> Bhimnath Mahadev Temple was renovated in 1982.<ref>{{Cite news |title=મહેસાણાનું અતિ પ્રાચીન ભીમનાથ મહાદેવ મંદિર |language=gu |work=Divya Bhaskar |url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/UGUJ-mehsana-ancient-bhimnath-mahadev-temple-1243429.html}}</ref> | ||
Simandhar Swami Jain Derasar is a temple located near Modhera crossroads. It is {{convert|161|ft|m|order=flip}} long, {{convert|97|ft|m|order=flip}} broad and {{convert|107|ft|m|order=flip}} high. The central deity (''moolnayak'') of the temple is a {{convert|12|ft}} white idol of [[Simandhar Swami]] in [[lotus position]] ('' | Simandhar Swami Jain Derasar is a temple located near Modhera crossroads. It is {{convert|161|ft|m|order=flip}} long, {{convert|97|ft|m|order=flip}} broad and {{convert|107|ft|m|order=flip}} high. The central deity (''moolnayak'') of the temple is a {{convert|12|ft}} white idol of [[Simandhar Swami]] in [[lotus position]] (''padmasana''). The temple was established in 1971 under guidance of Jain monk Kailassagarsuri.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|title=Mehsana|url=http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/12/52|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223211951/http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/12/52|archive-date=2017-02-23|access-date=2017-02-23|website=Gujarat Tourism}}</ref> | ||
There is a temple dedicated to Ayyappa established by the South Indian community and a Gurdwara Sahib established by the Sikh community near the Radhanpur crossroads on State Highway 41. | There is a temple dedicated to Ayyappa established by the South Indian community and a Gurdwara Sahib established by the Sikh community near the Radhanpur crossroads on State Highway 41. | ||
Christian churches include Mar | Christian churches include Mar Gregorios Orthodox Syrian Church. | ||
== Amenities and infrastructure == | |||
[[File:Atal Sports Centre Mehsana 5.jpg|thumb|Atal Sports Centre]] | |||
[[File:Vanikar Club Mehsana.jpg|thumb|Vanikar Club]] | |||
[[Para Lake]], officially Swami Vivekanand Lake, was excavated during the [[Baroda State|Gaekwad rule]]. It was redeveloped and opened in 2019.<ref name="DB1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/gift-of-para-lake-to-mehsanas-after-13-years-today-inaugurated-by-nitin-patel-1564894655.html|title=13 વર્ષ બાદ મહેસાણાવાસીઓને પરા તળાવની ભેટ, આજે નીતિન પટેલના હસ્તે લોકાર્પણ|last=Bhati|first=Deepak|date=2019-08-04|website=divyabhaskar|language=gu|access-date=2019-11-03}}</ref> [[Nagalpur Lake]] is being development as a public space.<ref name="db1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/uttar-gujarat/latest-news/mehsana/news/redevelopment-of-nagalpur-lake-in-mehsana-1563159254.html|title=બાવળોની ઝાંડીઓથી ઘેરાયેલુ નાગલપુર તળાવ 11.99 કરોડના ખર્ચે રમણીય બનાવાશે|last=Shukla|first=Rakeshkumar|date=2019-07-15|website=[[Divya Bhaskar]]|access-date=2020-01-24|language=gu}}</ref> Sai Talav, a lake near Kashi Vishwanath Mahadev temple on Radhanpur Road is being developed at a cost of {{INRconvert|3.94|c}}.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-08-24 |title=રહીશોમાં આનંદ: શહેરના કાશી વિશ્વનાથ મહાદેવ તળાવનું રૂ.3.94 કરોડના ખર્ચે બ્યુટિફિકેશન કરાશે |url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/local/gujarat/mehsana/news/the-citys-kashi-vishwanath-mahadev-lake-will-be-beautified-at-a-cost-of-rs-394-crore-135746051.html |work=Divya Bhaskar}}</ref> | |||
There are nine gardens in the city including Parashuram Play Ground, Maharshi Arvind Baug and [[Biladi Baug]] (Mahatma Gandhi garden).<ref name=":2" /> [[Mehsana Cricket Stadium|Sardar Patel Stadium]] is a multi-purpose stadium with capacity of 3000 people.<ref name=":0b">{{Cite news|date=2019-02-24 |title=ગુજરાતનું નવું નજરાણું: કરોડો રૂપિયાના ખર્ચે મહેસાણામાં બનશે અદ્યતન ક્રિકેટ સ્ટેડિયમ, જાણો વિગત |url=https://gujarati.abplive.com/news/gujarat/modern-cricket-stadium-will-be-ready-in-mehsana-at-uttar-gujarat-376846 |access-date=2022-03-15 |publisher=ABP Gujarati |language=gu}}</ref> Atal Sports Centre was constructed at a cost of {{INRconvert|6.65|c}} and opened in April 2022. It houses sports facilities, including a gymnasium and a swimming pool.<ref>{{Cite web |title=અટલ સ્પોર્ટ્સ સેન્ટરનું એક દિવસ પહેલાં કોંગ્રેસે ઉદ્ધાટન કરી નાખતાં વિવાદ |url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/mehsana/controversy-over-atal-sports-center-being-inaugurated-by-congress-a-day-ago |access-date=2022-10-06 |website=[[Gujarat Samachar]] |language=gu}}</ref> Vanikar Club was established in 1904.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bhojak|first=Kanaiyalal Amthalal|title=Mehsana: Prachin Arvachin|publisher=Mehsana Municipality|year=1957|isbn=|location=Mehsana|pages=120|language=gu|script-title=gu:મહેસાણા: પ્રાચીન અર્વાચીન|trans-title=Mehsana: Ancient and Modern}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Baroda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q-6sAAAAMAAJ&q=vanikar+club |title=Administration Report |date=1928 |publisher=Printed at the Times Press |language=en}}</ref> | |||
[[ | |||
Sardar Patel Underpass at Modhera Circle on the state highway was built at the cost of {{INRconvert|147|c}} and was opened in July 2022. It is {{convert|927|m}}-long, the longest [[Tunnel|underpass]] in the state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guj CM dedicates the Sardar Patel Underpass constructed at a cost of Rs. 147 crore in Mehsana {{!}} CMO Gujarat |url=https://cmogujarat.gov.in/en/latest-news/guj-cm-dedicates-sardar-patel-underpass-constructed-cost-rs-147-crore-mehsana |access-date=2024-02-29 |website=cmogujarat.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-07-20 |title=ટ્રાફિક સમસ્યાનો અંત:ગુજરાતના સૌથી મોટા અંડરપાસની મહેસાણાને ભેટ, મોઢેરા ચોકડી પર રૂ.147 કરોડના ખર્ચે નિર્મિત એક કિમી લાંબા સરદાર પટેલ અંડરપાસનું મુખ્યમંત્રીના હસ્તે લોકાર્પણ |url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/local/gujarat/mehsana/news/gift-of-gujarats-largest-underpass-to-mehsana-inauguration-of-one-km-long-sardar-patel-underpass-at-modhera-chowkdi-at-a-cost-of-147-crores-by-chief-minister-130082582.html |access-date=2024-02-29 |work=[[Divya Bhaskar]] |language=gu}}</ref> | |||
As a railway line passes through the middle of the city, the city is divided in the old city (Mehsana-1) and the Highway area (Mehsana-2). These two divisions are connected by two railway underpasses; Gopi Nala and Bhammaria Nala; and a railway overbridge at Visnagar Link Road. The third underpass was approved in 2025 connecting Prajapati Vadi on T B Road and Brahmaninagar which will cost {{INRconvert|36.25|c}}.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-01-10 |title=મંજૂરી:મહેસાણામાં બ્રહ્માણીનગર, પ્રજાપતિ વાડી પાસે રેલવે અંડરપાસ બનાવવા રૂ. 36.25 કરોડ મંજૂર |url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/local/gujarat/mehsana/news/rs-3625-crore-approved-for-construction-of-railway-underpass-near-brahmani-nagar-prajapati-wadi-in-mehsana-134267877.html |work=Divya Bhaskar |language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=મહેસાણા 1-2ને જોડતો વધુ એક માર્ગ મળશે |url=https://navgujaratsamay.com/one-more-route-connecting-mehsana-1-2-will-be-found/217083.html |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=NavGujarat Samay |language=en}}</ref> | |||
==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
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===Oil and natural gas=== | ===Oil and natural gas=== | ||
Established in November 1967, the Mehsana fields are one of the largest onshore-producing assets of the [[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation]] (ONGC), covering an area of {{convert|6000|km2|abbr=on}} with 28 fields in 2007–08. Mehsana also has 1,311 oil wells, and 16 gas wells producing 6,000 tonnes per day.<ref name="GG1975"/>{{update inline|date=March 2018}} | Established in November 1967, the Mehsana fields are one of the largest onshore-producing assets of the [[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation]] (ONGC), covering an area of {{convert|6000|km2|abbr=on}} with 28 fields in 2007–08. Mehsana also has 1,311 oil wells, and 16 gas wells producing 6,000 tonnes per day.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ONGC EMPLOYEES CO-OP.CREDIT AND THRIFT SOCIETY LTD.MEHSANA |url=http://cntmehsana.com/ |access-date=2025-10-09 |website=cntmehsana.com}}</ref><ref name="GG1975"/>{{update inline|date=March 2018}} | ||
===Entertainment=== | ===Entertainment=== | ||
Wide-Angle Multiplex and Gopi Cinema provide entertainment facilities. Shanku's Water Park, Tirupati Nature Park and Bliss Water Park are located nearby.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} Mehsana has three radio stations: Top FM (92.7 MHz),<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sambhaavnews.com/mehsana-own-radio-station-top-fm-927-starts-from-today/ |title=મહેસાણાના પોતાના રેડિયો સ્ટેશન TOP FM 92.7નો આજથી પ્રારંભ | Mehsana own radio station TOP FM 92.7 starts from today - Sambhaav News |access-date=25 December 2018 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225125121/https://sambhaavnews.com/mehsana-own-radio-station-top-fm-927-starts-from-today/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Radio Mirchi]] (91.9 MHz)<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://udaipurkiran.com/enil-commences-broadcast-from-its-radio-station-in-mehsana/ | title=ENIL commences broadcast from its radio station in Mehsana | Udaipur News | Udaipur Latest News | udaipur local news| date=5 November 2018}}</ref> and relay station of [[Akashvani (radio broadcaster)|Akashvani]] (100.1 MHz). | |||
Wide-Angle Multiplex and | |||
==Education== | ==Education== | ||
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Mehsana has several facilities offering education to graduation and post-graduation. The Municipal Arts and Urban Bank Science College is affiliated by [[Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://masc.co.in/|title=MAUBS college Homepage|website=Municipal Arts And Urban Bank Science College, Mehsana|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> [[Ganpat University]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vadodara/mehsana-bridges-education-gap-of-terror-hit-valley/articleshow/66199469.cms|title=Mehsana bridges education gap of terror-hit Valley {{!}} Vadodara News - Times of India|date=October 14, 2018|first=Prashant|last=Rupera|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> located in [[Kherva]] village which is {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} from the city. Gujarat Power Engineering and Research Institute<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gperi.ac.in/|title=Gujarat Power Engineering and Research Institute|website=www.gperi.ac.in|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> and Saffrony Institute of Technology<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.saffrony.ac.in/|title=Saffrony Institute|website=www.saffrony.ac.in|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> offer courses in engineering and management. B. S. Patel College of Pharmacy offers courses in pharmacy, and is affiliated with [[Gujarat Technological University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/gtu-student-to-represent-team-india-in-world-roller-sports/articleshow/69587463.cms|title=GTU student to represent team India in World Roller Sports - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> Sarvajanik Kelvani Mandal Trust offers education in the fields of pharmacy, nursing, and homeopathy. | Mehsana has several facilities offering education to graduation and post-graduation. The Municipal Arts and Urban Bank Science College is affiliated by [[Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://masc.co.in/|title=MAUBS college Homepage|website=Municipal Arts And Urban Bank Science College, Mehsana|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> [[Ganpat University]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vadodara/mehsana-bridges-education-gap-of-terror-hit-valley/articleshow/66199469.cms|title=Mehsana bridges education gap of terror-hit Valley {{!}} Vadodara News - Times of India|date=October 14, 2018|first=Prashant|last=Rupera|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> located in [[Kherva]] village which is {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} from the city. Gujarat Power Engineering and Research Institute<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gperi.ac.in/|title=Gujarat Power Engineering and Research Institute|website=www.gperi.ac.in|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> and Saffrony Institute of Technology<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.saffrony.ac.in/|title=Saffrony Institute|website=www.saffrony.ac.in|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> offer courses in engineering and management. B. S. Patel College of Pharmacy offers courses in pharmacy, and is affiliated with [[Gujarat Technological University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/gtu-student-to-represent-team-india-in-world-roller-sports/articleshow/69587463.cms|title=GTU student to represent team India in World Roller Sports - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> Sarvajanik Kelvani Mandal Trust offers education in the fields of pharmacy, nursing, and homeopathy. | ||
There are many primary and higher-secondary schools affiliated with [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE) or Gujarat Board including: [[Kendriya Vidyalaya]], ONGC, Mehsana, [[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]] (JNV), Vadnagar, Shanku's Divine Child School and N.G. International School. K. V. Mehsana made a beginning in the year 1980 with classes 1 to 10 with two sections each and one section science stream and one commerce stream in Class XI and XII. It is a Hindi, English Medium school. In 2021, 966 students were enrolled.<ref>{{Cite web|title=KVS merit list 2020 for class 1 admissions released @ kvsonlineadmission.kvs.gov.in - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/kvs-merit-list-2020-for-class-1-admission-to-be-released-soon-kvsonlineadmission-kvs-gov-in/articleshow/77476529.cms|access-date=2021-01-31|website=The Times of India}}</ref> T. J. Highschool operated by Nagrik Kelvani Mandal was established in 1889 and | There are many primary and higher-secondary schools affiliated with [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE) or Gujarat Board including: [[Kendriya Vidyalaya]], ONGC, Mehsana, [[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]] (JNV), Vadnagar, Shanku's Divine Child School and N.G. International School. K. V. Mehsana made a beginning in the year 1980 with classes 1 to 10 with two sections each and one section science stream and one commerce stream in Class XI and XII. It is a Hindi, English Medium school. In 2021, 966 students were enrolled.<ref>{{Cite web|title=KVS merit list 2020 for class 1 admissions released @ kvsonlineadmission.kvs.gov.in - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/kvs-merit-list-2020-for-class-1-admission-to-be-released-soon-kvsonlineadmission-kvs-gov-in/articleshow/77476529.cms|access-date=2021-01-31|website=The Times of India}}</ref> T. J. Highschool operated by Nagrik Kelvani Mandal was established in 1889 and Urban Bank Vidhalaya, Mehsana Gurukul English Medium School started in 2012. Sarvajanik Kelvani Mandal Trust also runs many schools in north Gujarat. Other schools include Sabari Vidya Vihar, run by Dharma Sastha Seva Trust, and Bethany Mission School. | ||
==Transport== | ==Transport== | ||
[[File:Mehsana GSRTC central bus port.jpg|thumb|GSRTC central bus station in Mehsana]] | |||
[[File:Mahesana MSN railway station.jpg|thumb|Railway Station (MSH)]] | |||
=== Local === | === Local === | ||
The Mehsana Municipal City Bus Service is operated on eight routes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-05 |title=Mahesana gets city bus service; free ride for women and handicapped persons |url=https://www.deshgujarat.com/2021/09/05/mahesana-gets-city-bus-service/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=DeshGujarat |language=en-US}}</ref> | The Mehsana Municipal City Bus Service is operated on eight routes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-05 |title=Mahesana gets city bus service; free ride for women and handicapped persons |url=https://www.deshgujarat.com/2021/09/05/mahesana-gets-city-bus-service/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=DeshGujarat |language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
==={{anchor|Local}}Road=== | ==={{anchor|Local}}Road=== | ||
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===Rail=== | ===Rail=== | ||
[[Mahesana railway station]] is on the [[Jaipur–Ahmedabad line]] with daily trains to and from Delhi and Mumbai, and direct weekly or bi-weekly trains connecting major cities in north and south India, including [[Bangalore]]. | [[Mahesana railway station]] is a [[junction station]] on the [[Jaipur–Ahmedabad line]] with daily trains to and from Delhi and Mumbai, and direct weekly or bi-weekly trains connecting major cities in north and south India, including [[Bangalore]]. | ||
===Air=== | ===Air=== | ||
The nearest passenger airport is [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport]] at Ahmedabad. Prepaid taxis and GSRTC bus are available to Mehsana from the airport. | The nearest passenger airport is [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport]] at Ahmedabad. Prepaid taxis and GSRTC bus are available to Mehsana from the airport. | ||
[[Mehsana Airport]] is currently used for non-scheduled operation and as a civil aviation training centre, operated by Ahmedabad Aviation and Aeronautics Ltd. It has an area covering {{convert|64|acre|m2|order=flip}}.<ref name="ie09">{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/aviation-infrastructure-to-get-a-facelift-by-next-year/421481/0|title=Aviation infrastructure to get a facelift by next year|date=10 February 2009|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=23 January 2012}}</ref><ref name="oneindia07">{{cite web|url= | [[Mehsana Airport]] is currently used for non-scheduled operation and as a civil aviation training centre, operated by Ahmedabad Aviation and Aeronautics Ltd. It has an area covering {{convert|64|acre|m2|order=flip}}.<ref name="ie09">{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/aviation-infrastructure-to-get-a-facelift-by-next-year/421481/0|title=Aviation infrastructure to get a facelift by next year|date=10 February 2009|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=23 January 2012}}</ref><ref name="oneindia07">{{cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/2007/08/14/modi-dedicates-mehsana-airport-for-civil-aviation-training-1187088074.html|title=Modi dedicates Mehsana airport for civil aviation training|publisher=Oneindia|access-date=23 January 2012|date=14 August 2007}}</ref><ref name="toi10">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-28/rajkot/28223238_1_airfield-mehsana-aaa|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103223410/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-28/rajkot/28223238_1_airfield-mehsana-aaa|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|title=Mehsana civic body opens airfield seal after HC orders|date=28 September 2010|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=23 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gujsail.gujarat.gov.in/mehsana-airport.htm|title=Mehsana Airport {{!}} Gujarat State Aviation Infrastructure Company Limited|website=gujsail.gujarat.gov.in|access-date=2019-05-21}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Commons category}} | |||
{{wikivoyage}} | |||
{{clear}} | {{clear}} | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
{{Gujarat}} | {{Gujarat}} | ||
{{Mehasana}} | |||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:08, 28 March 2026
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2016) |
Mahesana | |
|---|---|
City | |
 | |
| Coordinates: 23°36′0″N 72°24′0″E / 23.60000°N 72.40000°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Gujarat |
| District | Mehsana |
| Region | North Gujarat |
| Founded by | Mehsaji Chavda |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–Council |
| • Body | Mehsana Municipal Corporation |
| • Municipal commissioner | Ravindra Khatale |
| Area | |
| • City | 116.77 km2 (45.09 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 114 m (375 ft) |
| Population (2011)[3] | |
| • City | 184,991[1] |
| • Rank | 18th (Gujarat) |
| • Metro | 190,189 |
| Demonym(s) | Mehoni, Mehsani |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Gujarati, Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 384001, 384002,384003 |
| Telephone code | 91 2762 |
| Vehicle registration | GJ-02 |
| Sex ratio | 1.12[3] ♂/♀ |
| Website | https://mahesanacity.in/ |
Mehsana (
pronunciation (help·info)), also spelled Mahesana, is a city and the headquarters of Mehsana district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Established in 14th century, the city was under Gaekwads of Baroda State from 18th century to the independence of India in 1947. Dairy, oil and natural gas are major industries in the city.
History[edit | edit source]
History and legends[edit | edit source]
Jaisinh Brahmabhatt describes the following legend in his poems from 1932 AD:[5][2] Mehsana was established by Mehsaji Chavda, Rajput heir of the Chavda dynasty. He constructed the Torana (arc gate) of the city and a temple dedicated to Goddess Toran on Bhadrapad Sud 10 in Vikram Samvat 1414 (1358 AD).[6][7] The legend is corroborated in Pragat Prabhavi Parshwanath athva Parshwanathna Chamatkaro published in Vikram Samvat 1909 (1823 AD) by Manilal Nyalchand Shah who also mentioned in it that Mehsaji built a temple dedicated to Chamunda. Another legend says that Mehsaji established the town in Vikram Samvat 1375 (1319 AD). Both legends describes that the town is named after Mehsaji. These legends also inconclusively establish that the town was founded during the Rajput period.[7][8][9] According to another story, Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khalji had gifted 284 villages to Punjaji Chavda, a descendant of Vanraja Chavda, who had established Ambasan as his capital. His son Mesaji Chavda later established Mehsana.[10][11]
Gaekwad maratha rule in north Gujarat[edit | edit source]
Gaekwads conquered Baroda and established Baroda State in 1721.[12] Following the third Battle of Panipat, Damaji Rao Gaekwad removed Babi dynasty from Visnagar and conquered Patan in 1766.[7] He expanded their rule in north Gujarat uniting the regions of Visnagar, Vadnagar, Kheralu, Mehsana, Vijapur, Patan and Harij.[13] He established Patan as its administrative headquarters. Later the headquarters was moved to Kadi and subsequently to Mehsana in 1902 when the city was connected by the Gaekwar's Baroda State Railway which was opened on 21 March 1887. Sayajirao Gaekwad III built Rajmahal, a palace in 1904.[12][13]
Post-independence administrative changes[edit | edit source]
Baroda State merged with the Union of India after independence in 1947. It was merged into Bombay State as Mehsana district in 1949. Later it became part of Gujarat in 1960 after the division of Bombay state into Gujarat and Maharashtra. The city of Mehsana is the headquarters of Mehsana district in north Gujarat.[5][7]
Formation of the Municipal Corporation[edit | edit source]
Following the merger of Baroda state with Bombay State on 1 August 1949, the city was governed by Bombay District Municipal Act, 1902. From 1 January 1956 to 2024, it was governed under Gujarat Nagar Palika Act, 1963.[2] The formation of the Mehsana Municipal Corporation was approved on 1 January 2025. Total nine adjoining village panchayats: Fatepura, Ramosana, Ramosana NA area, Dediyasan, Palavasna, Heduva Rajgar, Heduva Hanumant, Taleti and Lakhwad; as well as the parts of five village panchayats: Palodar, Panchot, Gilosan, Nugar and Sakhpurda; were merged with Mehsana Nagarpalika to form the Mehsana Municipal Corporation.[14] More 10 panchayats were also merged later in September 2025: Ucharpi, Detrojpura, Tavadiya, Dela, Kukas, Rupal (Kukas), Rampura, Virampura, Hebuva and Shobhasan. Following the formation of the Mehsana Municipal Corporation, the total area under the city administration expanded from 32 square kilometres (12 sq mi) to 120 square kilometres (46 sq mi) with total population of 4.53 lakh.[15][16]
Geography[edit | edit source]
Mehsana has an average elevation of 375 feet (114 m) above sea level.[2] By Ahmedabad-Palanpur Railway line, the town is divided in two: the east and western parts are known as Mehsana-1 and Mehsana-2 respectively.[17]
Demographics[edit | edit source]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 9,393 | — |
| 1911 | 10,141 | +8.0% |
| 1921 | 11,888 | +17.2% |
| 1931 | 14,762 | +24.2% |
| 1941 | 16,986 | +15.1% |
| 1951 | 22,804 | +34.3% |
| 1961 | 32,577 | +42.9% |
| 1971 | 51,598 | +58.4% |
| 1981 | 72,872 | +41.2% |
| 1991 | 88,201 | +21.0% |
| 2001 | 98,987 | +12.2% |
| 2011 | 184,991 | +86.9% |
| Source: [12][18] | ||
As of the 2011[update] India census, the population of Mehsana was 184,991, of which male and female were 97,440 and 87,551, respectively.[1] Its urban-metropolitan population was 190,753 of which 100,558 were males and 90,195 were females.[19]
Following the formation of the Mehsana Municipal Corporation, the estimated population living in the city as of 2024 will increase from 3,15,619 to 4,26,997.[16]
The sex ratio was 894 females to 1,000 males.[3] Mehsana had an average literacy rate of 84.26%, higher than the national average. Male literacy was 91.88%, and female literacy was 76.12%.[3] 9.4% of Mehsana's population was under 6 years of age.[3]
At 762,[3] Mehsana had the lowest child sex-ratio among the urban centres in India.[20]
| Mehsana City | Total | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|---|
| City & outgrowths | 190,753 | 100,558 | 90,195 |
| Literates | 148,851 | 81,647 | 67,204 |
| Children (0–6) | 18,946 | 10,751 | 8,195 |
| Literacy | 89.64% | 94.18% | 84.69% |
| Sex ratio | 899 | ||
| Child sex ratio | 762 | ||
Religion[edit | edit source]
| This section does not cite any sources. (July 2017) |
Hinduism is the majority religion in Mehsana with 88.18% of the population being followers. Islam is the second-most-popular religion in the city at 9.26%, followed by Jainism at 1.62%, Sikhism 0.28%, Buddhism 0.28%,[clarification needed] and Christianity at 0.27%. Around 0.01% identified with other religions and approximately 0.36% were of no particular religion.
| Religion | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Hindu | 168,205 | 88.18% |
| Muslims | 17,673 | 9.26% |
| Jain | 3,099 | 1.62% |
| Not stated | 688 | 0.36% |
| Sikh | 525 | 0.28% |
| Christian | 508 | 0.27% |
| Buddhist | 27 | 0.01% |
| Others | 28 | 0.01% |
Places of interest[edit | edit source]
Rajmahal is a palace built in 1904 by Sayajirao Gaekwad III.[12] Boter Kothani Vav was constructed during the reign of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. An inscription dated 1674 AD in Persian and Devnagari scripts states that it was commissioned by Shah Gokaldas of Shrimali caste, Laghu Shakha, and his mother Manabai for public welfare.[21] There is another stepwell known as Bodashiyani Vav in Biladi Baug. It was constructed by Shah Virchandji Jadavji.[22][2]
Other historical monuments include Shrimad Yashovijayji Jain Sanskrit Pathshala building, T. J. High School, Kesharbai School and Mehsana district local board office.[2] Dudhsagar Dairy plant is a postmodernist building designed by Achyut Kanvinde.[23]
Places of worship[edit | edit source]
Major Hindu temples include: Pushtimarg temples of Madanmohanlalji temple and Dwarkadhishji temple, Toranvali Mata temple, Brahmani Mata temple, Hinglaj Mata temple, Bahuchar Mata temple, Kalupur Gadi Swaminarayan temple, BAPS Swaminarayan temple, Gayatri temple, Ambika Mata temple and Somnath Mahadev temple.[7] Bhimnath Mahadev Temple was renovated in 1982.[24]
Simandhar Swami Jain Derasar is a temple located near Modhera crossroads. It is 49 metres (161 ft) long, 30 metres (97 ft) broad and 33 metres (107 ft) high. The central deity (moolnayak) of the temple is a 12 feet (3.7 m) white idol of Simandhar Swami in lotus position (padmasana). The temple was established in 1971 under guidance of Jain monk Kailassagarsuri.[23]
There is a temple dedicated to Ayyappa established by the South Indian community and a Gurdwara Sahib established by the Sikh community near the Radhanpur crossroads on State Highway 41.
Christian churches include Mar Gregorios Orthodox Syrian Church.
Amenities and infrastructure[edit | edit source]
Para Lake, officially Swami Vivekanand Lake, was excavated during the Gaekwad rule. It was redeveloped and opened in 2019.[25] Nagalpur Lake is being development as a public space.[26] Sai Talav, a lake near Kashi Vishwanath Mahadev temple on Radhanpur Road is being developed at a cost of ₹3.94 crore (US$550,000).[27]
There are nine gardens in the city including Parashuram Play Ground, Maharshi Arvind Baug and Biladi Baug (Mahatma Gandhi garden).[17] Sardar Patel Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium with capacity of 3000 people.[28] Atal Sports Centre was constructed at a cost of ₹6.65 crore (US$930,000) and opened in April 2022. It houses sports facilities, including a gymnasium and a swimming pool.[29] Vanikar Club was established in 1904.[30][31]
Sardar Patel Underpass at Modhera Circle on the state highway was built at the cost of ₹147 crore (US$21 million) and was opened in July 2022. It is 927 metres (3,041 ft)-long, the longest underpass in the state.[32][33]
As a railway line passes through the middle of the city, the city is divided in the old city (Mehsana-1) and the Highway area (Mehsana-2). These two divisions are connected by two railway underpasses; Gopi Nala and Bhammaria Nala; and a railway overbridge at Visnagar Link Road. The third underpass was approved in 2025 connecting Prajapati Vadi on T B Road and Brahmaninagar which will cost ₹36.25 crore (US$5.1 million).[34][35]
Economy[edit | edit source]
Industries[edit | edit source]
Mehsana has dairy, agriculture and road-equipment based industry. It also has oil and natural gas production fields and various small- and medium-size industries. The banking and finance sectors have nationalised, cooperative, and private sector banks. Many large and small road-equipment industries are established in Mehsana-Dediyasan Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC).[citation needed]
Dairy[edit | edit source]
The city is known for its local Mehsani breed of buffaloes.
The Mehsana District Cooperative Milk Producer's Union, popularly known as Dudhsagar Dairy, is a member of the state-level Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation and the largest dairy in Asia, processing on average 1.41 million kilograms of milk each day. It has established a network for procuring milk from 4,500,000 milk producers through 1,150 village milk cooperatives.[7]
Oil and natural gas[edit | edit source]
Established in November 1967, the Mehsana fields are one of the largest onshore-producing assets of the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), covering an area of 6,000 km2 (2,300 sq mi) with 28 fields in 2007–08. Mehsana also has 1,311 oil wells, and 16 gas wells producing 6,000 tonnes per day.[36][7][needs update]
Entertainment[edit | edit source]
Wide-Angle Multiplex and Gopi Cinema provide entertainment facilities. Shanku's Water Park, Tirupati Nature Park and Bliss Water Park are located nearby.[citation needed] Mehsana has three radio stations: Top FM (92.7 MHz),[37] Radio Mirchi (91.9 MHz)[38] and relay station of Akashvani (100.1 MHz).
Education[edit | edit source]
Mehsana has several facilities offering education to graduation and post-graduation. The Municipal Arts and Urban Bank Science College is affiliated by Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University.[39] Ganpat University,[40] located in Kherva village which is 10 km (6.2 mi) from the city. Gujarat Power Engineering and Research Institute[41] and Saffrony Institute of Technology[42] offer courses in engineering and management. B. S. Patel College of Pharmacy offers courses in pharmacy, and is affiliated with Gujarat Technological University.[43] Sarvajanik Kelvani Mandal Trust offers education in the fields of pharmacy, nursing, and homeopathy.
There are many primary and higher-secondary schools affiliated with Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) or Gujarat Board including: Kendriya Vidyalaya, ONGC, Mehsana, Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya (JNV), Vadnagar, Shanku's Divine Child School and N.G. International School. K. V. Mehsana made a beginning in the year 1980 with classes 1 to 10 with two sections each and one section science stream and one commerce stream in Class XI and XII. It is a Hindi, English Medium school. In 2021, 966 students were enrolled.[44] T. J. Highschool operated by Nagrik Kelvani Mandal was established in 1889 and Urban Bank Vidhalaya, Mehsana Gurukul English Medium School started in 2012. Sarvajanik Kelvani Mandal Trust also runs many schools in north Gujarat. Other schools include Sabari Vidya Vihar, run by Dharma Sastha Seva Trust, and Bethany Mission School.
Transport[edit | edit source]
Local[edit | edit source]
The Mehsana Municipal City Bus Service is operated on eight routes.[45]
Road[edit | edit source]
Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation (GSRTC) buses also connect Mehsana to other cities and villages. Auto rickshaws and taxis are available.
Mehsana is approximately 75 km (47 mi) away from Ahmedabad. It is connected to Gandhinagar, Himmatnagar, Patan, Unjha and Palanpur, Visnagar via state highways.
Rail[edit | edit source]
Mahesana railway station is a junction station on the Jaipur–Ahmedabad line with daily trains to and from Delhi and Mumbai, and direct weekly or bi-weekly trains connecting major cities in north and south India, including Bangalore.
Air[edit | edit source]
The nearest passenger airport is Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport at Ahmedabad. Prepaid taxis and GSRTC bus are available to Mehsana from the airport.
Mehsana Airport is currently used for non-scheduled operation and as a civil aviation training centre, operated by Ahmedabad Aviation and Aeronautics Ltd. It has an area covering 260,000 square metres (64 acres).[46][47][48][49]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Census of India: Search Details".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "Mehsana Nagarpalika, Mehsana". Mehsana Nagarpalika (in ગુજરાતી). Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
- ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "History". Government of Gujarat (in ગુજરાતી). Mehsana District Panchayat. 17 July 2012. Archived from the original on 8 May 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
- ↑ "Mehsana - History". NRI Division. Government of Gujarat. 2009. Archived from the original on 21 October 2014. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 S. B. Rajyagor, ed. (1975). Gujarat State Gazetteers: Mehsana District. Gujarat State Gazetteers. Vol. 5. Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Government of Gujarat. pp. 1, 108, 805–806. Archived from the original on 16 February 2017.
- ↑ Shah, Manilal Nyalchand (1823). Pragat Prabhavi Parshwanth athwa Parshwanathna Chamatkaro. Ahmedabad: Manilal Nyalchand Shah. p. 118.
- ↑ "વિ.સં.૧૪૧૪, ભાદરવા સુદ ૧૦ના દિવસે શ્રી મેસાણાનું તોરણ બંધાયું". Divya Bhaskar (in ગુજરાતી). 17 August 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ↑ "આજે બર્થ-ડે: મહેસાણાને વર્ષો પહેલાં લોકો કયા નામે ઓળખાતાં હતાં? જાણો". Divya Bhaskar. 2018.
- ↑ "મહેસાણાનો આજે 661મો સ્થાપના દિવસ, જાણો શું છે તેનો ઇતિહાસ". Zee News. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Sergeant, Philip W. (1928). The Ruler Of Baroda: An Account of the Life and Work of the Maharaja Gaekwar. Albemarle Street, London: John Murray. pp. 226–229.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Kumar, Ashwini, ed. (February 2018). "District Profile: Mehsana: Gujarat's cultural and political axis". Gujarat Marching Ahead (PDF). Vol. 4. Gandhinagar: Government of Gujarat. pp. 20–23.
- ↑ "રાજ્યની 9 મહા નગરપાલિકાને મહા પાલિકાનો દરજ્જો અપાયો, હવે કુલ મનપા 17 થઈ". Gujarat Samachar (in ગુજરાતી). Retrieved 1 January 2025.
- ↑ "Mehsana: મહેસાણા મનપામાં વધુ 10 ગામોનો સમાવેશ, 120 કિ.મી.ના વિસ્તારમાં વિસ્તરણ, 4.53 લાખની વસ્તી". Gujarati Jagran (in ગુજરાતી). 26 September 2025. Retrieved 29 October 2025.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 "મહેસાણામાં હવે મકાનના ભાવ આસમાન આંબશે! મહાનગરપાલિકા જાહેર કરાતા કઈ સુવિધાઓમાં થશે વધારો?". Zee News. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 "મહેસાણામાં બગીચાની અસમતુલા પશ્ચિમ ભાગમાં 7, પૂર્વમાં માત્ર 2 બગીચા". NavGujarat Samay (in ગુજરાતી). 5 June 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
- ↑ "Welcome to Mehsana Nagarpalika, Mehsana, Gujarat, INDIA". Archived from the original on 28 February 2017.
- ↑ "Census of India: Search Details".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ Radha Sharma & Bharat Yagnik (13 January 2012). "Mehsana, shame of India!". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 23 February 2017. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
- ↑ Purnima Mehta Bhatt (16 December 2014). Her Space, Her Story: Exploring the Stepwells of Gujarat. Zubaan. pp. 57–58. ISBN 978-93-84757-08-3. Archived from the original on 24 August 2017.
- ↑ Bhojak, Kanaiyalal Amthalal (1957). Mehsana: Prachin Arvachin મહેસાણા: પ્રાચીન અર્વાચીન [Mehsana: Ancient and Modern] (in ગુજરાતી). Mehsana: Mehsana Municipality. pp. 84–85.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Mehsana". Gujarat Tourism. Archived from the original on 23 February 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
- ↑ "મહેસાણાનું અતિ પ્રાચીન ભીમનાથ મહાદેવ મંદિર". Divya Bhaskar (in ગુજરાતી).
- ↑ Bhati, Deepak (4 August 2019). "13 વર્ષ બાદ મહેસાણાવાસીઓને પરા તળાવની ભેટ, આજે નીતિન પટેલના હસ્તે લોકાર્પણ". divyabhaskar (in ગુજરાતી). Retrieved 3 November 2019.
- ↑ Shukla, Rakeshkumar (15 July 2019). "બાવળોની ઝાંડીઓથી ઘેરાયેલુ નાગલપુર તળાવ 11.99 કરોડના ખર્ચે રમણીય બનાવાશે". Divya Bhaskar (in ગુજરાતી). Retrieved 24 January 2020.
- ↑ "રહીશોમાં આનંદ: શહેરના કાશી વિશ્વનાથ મહાદેવ તળાવનું રૂ.3.94 કરોડના ખર્ચે બ્યુટિફિકેશન કરાશે". Divya Bhaskar. 24 August 2025.
- ↑ "ગુજરાતનું નવું નજરાણું: કરોડો રૂપિયાના ખર્ચે મહેસાણામાં બનશે અદ્યતન ક્રિકેટ સ્ટેડિયમ, જાણો વિગત" (in ગુજરાતી). ABP Gujarati. 24 February 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
- ↑ "અટલ સ્પોર્ટ્સ સેન્ટરનું એક દિવસ પહેલાં કોંગ્રેસે ઉદ્ધાટન કરી નાખતાં વિવાદ". Gujarat Samachar (in ગુજરાતી). Retrieved 6 October 2022.
- ↑ Bhojak, Kanaiyalal Amthalal (1957). Mehsana: Prachin Arvachin મહેસાણા: પ્રાચીન અર્વાચીન [Mehsana: Ancient and Modern] (in ગુજરાતી). Mehsana: Mehsana Municipality. p. 120.
- ↑ Baroda (1928). Administration Report. Printed at the Times Press.
- ↑ "Guj CM dedicates the Sardar Patel Underpass constructed at a cost of Rs. 147 crore in Mehsana | CMO Gujarat". cmogujarat.gov.in. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ↑ "ટ્રાફિક સમસ્યાનો અંત:ગુજરાતના સૌથી મોટા અંડરપાસની મહેસાણાને ભેટ, મોઢેરા ચોકડી પર રૂ.147 કરોડના ખર્ચે નિર્મિત એક કિમી લાંબા સરદાર પટેલ અંડરપાસનું મુખ્યમંત્રીના હસ્તે લોકાર્પણ". Divya Bhaskar (in ગુજરાતી). 20 July 2022. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ↑ "મંજૂરી:મહેસાણામાં બ્રહ્માણીનગર, પ્રજાપતિ વાડી પાસે રેલવે અંડરપાસ બનાવવા રૂ. 36.25 કરોડ મંજૂર". Divya Bhaskar (in ગુજરાતી). 10 January 2025.
- ↑ "મહેસાણા 1-2ને જોડતો વધુ એક માર્ગ મળશે". NavGujarat Samay. Retrieved 10 January 2025.
- ↑ "ONGC EMPLOYEES CO-OP.CREDIT AND THRIFT SOCIETY LTD.MEHSANA". cntmehsana.com. Retrieved 9 October 2025.
- ↑ "મહેસાણાના પોતાના રેડિયો સ્ટેશન TOP FM 92.7નો આજથી પ્રારંભ | Mehsana own radio station TOP FM 92.7 starts from today - Sambhaav News". Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 25 December 2018.
- ↑ "ENIL commences broadcast from its radio station in Mehsana | Udaipur News | Udaipur Latest News | udaipur local news". 5 November 2018.
- ↑ "MAUBS college Homepage". Municipal Arts And Urban Bank Science College, Mehsana. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
- ↑ Rupera, Prashant (14 October 2018). "Mehsana bridges education gap of terror-hit Valley | Vadodara News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
- ↑ "Gujarat Power Engineering and Research Institute". www.gperi.ac.in. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
- ↑ "Saffrony Institute". www.saffrony.ac.in. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
- ↑ "GTU student to represent team India in World Roller Sports - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
- ↑ "KVS merit list 2020 for class 1 admissions released @ kvsonlineadmission.kvs.gov.in - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
- ↑ "Mahesana gets city bus service; free ride for women and handicapped persons". DeshGujarat. 5 September 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
- ↑ "Aviation infrastructure to get a facelift by next year". The Indian Express. 10 February 2009. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
- ↑ "Modi dedicates Mehsana airport for civil aviation training". Oneindia. 14 August 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
- ↑ "Mehsana civic body opens airfield seal after HC orders". The Times of India. 28 September 2010. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ "Mehsana Airport | Gujarat State Aviation Infrastructure Company Limited". gujsail.gujarat.gov.in. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
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| Regions of Gujarat | ||
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