Hisar district: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}
{{distinguish|text=the former [[Hisar District (Tajikistan)|Hisar District]] of Tajikistan}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2026}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = Hisar district
| name                     = Hisar district
| settlement_type       = [[Districts of Haryana|District of Haryana]]
| settlement_type         = [[List of districts of Haryana|District]] of [[Haryana]]
| total_type             = Total
| total_type               = Total
| native_name            =  
| native_name             =
| image_map             = India - Haryana - Hisar.svg
| image_skyline           = {{Photomontage
| map_caption           = Location of Hisar district in Haryana
|size = 250
| coordinates           =  
|photo1a = Firoz Shah Palace And Tehkhana 01.jpg
| coor_pinpoint         = Hisar (city)
|photo1b = Sheela Mata Temple Agroha.jpg
| subdivision_type       = Country
|photo2a = Main gate from front side.jpg
| subdivision_name       = [[India]]
|photo2b = Rakhigarhi Harappan civilization.jpg
| subdivision_type1     = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
|photo3a = Balaji mandir Hisar.jpg
| subdivision_name1     = [[Haryana]]
}}
| subdivision_type2     = Division
| image_caption            = Clockwise from top-left: [[Firoz Shah palace complex|Palace]] of [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq|Firoz Shah]], Sheela Mata Temple in [[Agroha Mound|Agroha]], mounds at [[Rakhigarhi]], Balaji Mandir at Hisar, [[Asigarh Fort]]
| subdivision_name2     = [[Hisar Division|Hisar]]
| image_map               = Hisar in Haryana (India).svg
| established_title     = Established
| map_alt                  =
| established_date       =  
| map_caption             = Location in Haryana
| seat_type             = Headquarters
| coordinates             =  
| seat                   = [[Hisar (city)]]
| coor_pinpoint           = Hisar (city)
| parts_type             = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| subdivision_type         = Country
| parts_style           = para
| subdivision_name         = [[India]]
| p1                     = [[Adampur, Hisar|Adampur]], [[Agroha (town)|Agroha]], [[Barwala, Hisar|Barwala]], [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]], [[Balsamand]], [[Bass, Hansi|Bass]], [[Narnaund]] and [[Uklanamandi]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| area_total_km2         = 3983
| subdivision_name1       = [[Haryana]]
| area_footnotes         =  
| subdivision_type2       = Division
| population_as_of       = 2011
| subdivision_name2       = [[Hisar Division|Hisar]]
| population_total       = 1,743,931
| established_title       = Established
| population_footnotes   =  
| established_date         = 1815
| population_urban       =  
| seat_type               = Headquarters
| population_density_km2 = 438
| seat                     = [[Hisar (city)]]
| demographics_type1     = Demographics
| parts_type               = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| demographics1_title1   = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| parts_style             = para
| demographics1_info1   = 64.83%
| p1                       = [[Adampur, Hisar|Adampur]], [[Agroha (town)|Agroha]], [[Barwala, Hisar|Barwala]], [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]], [[Balsamand]], [[Bass, Hansi|Bass]], [[Narnaund]] and [[Uklanamandi]]
| demographics1_title2   = Sex ratio
| area_total_km2           = 3983
| demographics1_info2    =  
| area_footnotes           =  
| leader_title           =  
| population_as_of         = 2011
| leader_name           =  
| population_total         = 1,743,931
| population_footnotes     =  
| population_urban         =  
| population_density_km2   = 438
| demographics_type1       = Demographics
| demographics1_title1     = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1     = 64.83%
| demographics1_title2     = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2     =
| demographics_type2    = Languages
| demographics2_title1  = Official
| demographics2_info1    = [[Hindi]]<ref name=nclmanurep2010>{{cite web |url = http://www.nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |title = Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015) |pages = 85–86 |publisher = Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date = 16 February 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161115133948/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date = 15 November 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| demographics2_title2  = Additional&nbsp;official
| demographics2_info2    = {{hlist|[[English language|English]]|[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<ref name="punjabiofficial">{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/haryana-grants-second-language-status-to-punjabi/story-MTUeEQDE4fRCbEyPkAm63N.html |title=Haryana grants second language status to Punjabi |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |date=28 January 2010 |access-date=2 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105012411/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/haryana-grants-second-language-status-to-punjabi/story-MTUeEQDE4fRCbEyPkAm63N.html |archive-date=5 November 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref>}}
| demographics2_title3  = Regional
| demographics2_info3   = [[Haryanvi]]
| leader_title             = Deputy Commissioner
| leader_name         = Uttam Singh, IAS
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1           = +05:30
| utc_offset1             = +05:30
| registration_plate     =  
| registration_plate       =  
| blank_name_sec1       = [[Indian road network|Major highways]]
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1       = [[National Highway 10 (India)(old numbering)|NH-9 (formerly NH-10)]] and [[National Highway 65 (India)(old numbering)|NH-152 (formerly NH-65)]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[National Highway 10 (India, old numbering)|NH-9 (formerly NH-10)]] and [[National Highway 65 (India, old numbering)|NH-52 (formerly NH-65)]]
| blank_name_sec2       = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| blank_info_sec2       = [[Hisar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hisar]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[Hisar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hisar]]
| website               = http://hisar.nic.in/
| website                 = {{URL|http://hisar.nic.in/}}
}}
}}'''Hisar district''' is one of the 22 [[districts of Haryana]], [[India]]. [[Hisar, India|Hisar]] city serves as the district headquarters. Hisar district has four sub-divisions that is, Hisar, Barwala, Hansi and Narnaud, each headed by an [[Sub-Divisional Magistrate|SDM]]. The district is also part of [[Hisar division]]. Hisar was founded by [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]].
[[File:Skeleton harappa.JPG|thumbnail|A skeleton from [[Rakhigarhi]] [[Indus Valley Civilisation]] site in Hisar on display in the [[National Museum, New Delhi]]]]
 
'''Hisar district'''
is one of the 22 [[districts of Haryana]], [[India]]. [[Hisar, India|Hisar]] city serves as the district headquarters. Hisar district has four sub-divisions that is, Hisar, Barwala, Hansi and Narnaud, each headed by an [[Sub-Divisional Magistrate|SDM]]. The district is also part of [[Hisar division]].Hisar was founded [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]] .


The largest district in Haryana until its 1966 reorganization, some parts of Hisar were transferred to the newly created [[Jind district]]. In 1974, Tehsil [[Bhiwani]] and [[Loharu]] were transferred to [[Bhiwani district]]. Hisar was further bifurcated when [[Sirsa district]] was formed. [[Fatehabad district]] was later created as well.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.haryana-online.com/Districts/hissar.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=19 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103133229/http://haryana-online.com/Districts/hissar.htm |archive-date=3 January 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The largest district in Haryana until its 1966 reorganisation, some parts of Hisar were transferred to the newly created [[Jind district]]. In 1974, the Tehsils of [[Bhiwani]] and [[Loharu]] were transferred to [[Bhiwani district]]. Hisar was further bifurcated when [[Sirsa district]] was formed. [[Fatehabad district]] and [[Hansi district]] were later created as well.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.haryana-online.com/Districts/hissar.htm |title=Hissar district of Haryana - Haryana Online - Website - Portal - India |access-date=19 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103133229/http://haryana-online.com/Districts/hissar.htm |archive-date=3 January 2010 |url-status=usurped }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Mukesh |first=Kumar |date=19 December 2025 |title=Hansi becomes district again after 193 years; city older than Hisar |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/hansi-becomes-district-again-after-193-years-city-older-than-hisar/articleshow/126062686.cms |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |access-date=19 March 2026}}</ref>


Hisar is a divisional headquarters of the [[Hisar division]] and also the headquarters of Police Range. It is also a battalion headquarters of B.S.F. 3rd Bn. H.A.P. and commando force. In order to accommodate all of these departments, a five-storey District Administrative Complex was built, with the offices transferred in 1980. It adjoins the new Judiciary Complex, which is also made functional. This administrative and judiciary complex is the largest in Haryana; as a district headquarters it may be one of the largest in the country.
Hisar is a divisional headquarters of the [[Hisar division]] and also the headquarters of Police Range. It is also a battalion headquarters of B.S.F. 3rd Bn. H.A.P. and commando force. In order to accommodate all of these departments, a five-storey District Administrative Complex was built, with the offices transferred in 1980. It adjoins the new Judiciary Complex, which is also made functional. This administrative and judiciary complex is the largest in Haryana; as a district headquarters it may be one of the largest in the country.


It is one of the five cities belonging to [[Indus Valley Civilization|Sarasvati Valley Civilization]] while its name is cited in the history books in the context of Indus civilization and in general knowledge books as the location of [[Banawali]], one of five sheep farms.
It is one of the five cities belonging to [[Indus Valley Civilisation]] while its name is cited in the history books in the context of Indus civilisation and in general knowledge books as the location of [[Banawali]], one of five sheep farms. {{As of|2011}} it is the second most populous of the [[List of districts of Haryana|21]] districts of Haryana, after [[Faridabad district|Faridabad]].<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref>
As of 2011 it is the second most populous of the [[List of districts of Haryana|21]] districts of Haryana, after [[Faridabad district|Faridabad]].<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref>


Hisar is also known as the steel city because of the Jindal Stainless Steel Factories. It is also the largest producer of galvanized iron in India.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}}
Hisar is also known as the steel city because of the Jindal Stainless Steel Factories. It is also the largest producer of galvanised iron in India.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}}


==History==
==Geography==
<!-- NOTE: History of the district is different from the Hisar city as district has been reorganised several times with expansion and deletion of areas. Only include the reliably sourced history related to the whole district here. Expand this section how the modern district shrunk and expanded with various reorganisations from 1801 onward when it passed from marathas to british. -->
{{See also|Bagar region|Khadir and Bangar}}
[[File:Khadir-and-bangar.jpg|thumb|left|300px|In any ''doab'', ''khadar'' land (green) lies next to a river, while ''bangar'' land (olive) has greater elevation and lies further from the river]]
North Hisar district falls in [[doab]] between Ghagghar river flowing through fatehabad district and paleo channel of Dhrishadvati river flowing through the Narnaul tehsil. Eastern, central, and south-eastern Hisar district falls in [[doab]] between Dhrishadvati river and [[Yamuna]] river. Western Hisar district is part of bagar tract. The regions of the ''doabs''  near the rivers consist of low-lying, flood-prone, but usually very fertile ''khadir'' and the higher-lying land away from the rivers consist of ''bangar'', less prone to flooding but also less fertile on average.<ref name="encybritt2010">{{Citation |title=Pakistan: Soils |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010 |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1404392/bhangar | quote=''... khaddar soils. Away from the river, toward the middle of the doabs, older alluvial soils (called bangar) are widely distributed ...''}}</ref> For the purpose of irrigation, Hisar district has been classified into 5 circles, namely barani (low rain area where rain-fed dry farming is practised which nowadays are dependent on tubewells for the irrigation),<ref name=bag1/> [[Bagar tract|bagar]] (dry sandy tract of land on the border of Rajasthan state adjoining the states of Haryana and Punjab)<ref name=bag1/> '''nahri''' ([[canal]]-irrigated land), '''nali''' or '''naili''' (fertile [[prairie]] tract between the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Ghaggar]] river and the southern limits of the [[Drishadvati river|Saraswati channel depression]] in northern Hissar district of Haryana that gets flooded during the rains),<ref name=nali1>https://archive.org/stream/imperialgazettee14grea/imperialgazettee14grea_djvu.txt "The imperial gazeteers of India, 1908"], [[British Raj]], page 288.]</ref> and Rangoi tract (an area irrigated by the '''Rangoi canal''' made for the purpose of carrying flood waters of Ghagghar river to dry areas).<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/><ref name=landtypes1>1987, [http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/hisar_1987/Revenue_Administration.pdf "Gazeteers of Hisar district, 1987"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107072120/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/hisar_1987/Revenue_Administration.pdf |date=7 November 2017 }}, [[Government of Haryana]], page 162.]</ref>


The district suffered famine in [[Chalisa famine|1783-84]] (Chalisa famine),<ref name=grove1>{{Citation | last = Grove | first = Richard H. | title = The Great El Nino of 1789–93 and its Global Consequences: Reconstructing an Extreme Climate Even in World Environmental History | journal = The Medieval History Journal | year = 2007 | volume = 10 | issue = 1&2 | pages = 75–98 | doi = 10.1177/097194580701000203| s2cid = 162783898 | hdl = 1885/51009 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> [[Agra famine of 1837–38|1838]],<ref name=hou1/> [[Upper Doab famine of 1860–61|1860-61]],<ref name=hou1>{{Citation| last = Fieldhouse | first = David | chapter = For Richer, for Poorer? |editor-last = Marshall |editor-first = P. J. | title = The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire|pages = 108–146|publisher=Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 400| year = 1996| isbn = 0-521-00254-0|chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=S2EXN8JTwAEC&q=famine+british+empire+india&pg=PA132}}</ref> [[Indian famine of 1896–97|1896-97]]<ref name=hisarrevset1/> and [[Indian famine of 1899–1900|1899-1900]].<ref name=hisarrevset1>C.A.H. Townsend, [http://revenueharyana.gov.in/Portals/0/revised_settlement_hisar.pdf Final report of thirds revised revenue settlement of Hisar district from 1905-1910], Gazetteer of [[Department of Revenue and Disaster Management, Haryana]], point 22, page 11.</ref>
Hisar has fertile [[Alluvium|alluvial soil]] interspersed with highly permeable very sandy tracts in [[bagar region]] several with [[water table]] more than 100 feet below ground containing [[brackish water]] usually unfit for human consumption, where [[dust storm]]s frequent during the warm summer months from April till the end of July when [[monsoon]] arrives. Previously, Hisar was solely based on the rain and irrigation was possible only in the ''nali'' region where the season [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Ghaggar river]] flows in North Hisar. After the opening of [[Bhakra Nangal Dam]] canal system in 1963 as well as the earlier [[Western Yamuna Canal]] now irrigate most of Haryana including all of the Bagar region falling in Haryana on its western border. Opening of [[Indira Gandhi Canal]] in 1983 (specially Hansi Butana branches) brought the water of [[Sutlej]] and [[Beas]] rivers to the fields of Rajasthan including its Bagar tract stabilising the sand dunes and soil erosion by preventing the expansion of desert.<ref name=bag1>E. Walter Coward, 1980, [https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0801498716 "Irrigation and Agricultural Development in Asia: Perspectives from the social sciences"], [[Cornell University]] press, page 302, {{ISBN|0801498716}}.</ref>


==Climate==
===Climate===
{{climate chart
{{climate chart
|Hisar
|Hisar
Line 81: Line 96:
|6.5|23.5|7.3
|6.5|23.5|7.3
|source= [http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/hissar2.htm IMD]
|source= [http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/hissar2.htm IMD]
|float=right
|float=left
|clear=right
|clear=left
}}
}}


==Administrative divisions==
Hisar has a warm climate.
Hisar continued to be the District Headquarters of the largest District in the state until its reorganization in 1966 when parts were carved out to create the new Jind District. The Tehsil Bhiwani and [[Loharu State|Loharu estate]] were later transferred to [[Bhiwani district]] on its creation in 1974. It was further bifurcated when [[Sirsa district]] was created entirely out of Hisar District. [[Fatehabad district]] has now been carved out of this district.
 
==History==
<!-- NOTE: History of the district is different from the Hisar city as district has been reorganised several times with expansion and deletion of areas. Only include the reliably sourced history related to the whole district here. Expand this section how the modern district shrunk and expanded with various reorganisations from 1801 onward when it passed from marathas to british. -->
{{see also|History of Haryana}}
[[File:Skeleton harappa.JPG|thumbnail|A skeleton from [[Rakhigarhi]], [[Indus Valley Civilisation]] site in Hisar on display in the [[National Museum, New Delhi]].]]


At present Hisar district consists of the eight [[tehsil]]s of [[Adampur]], [[Agroha (town)|Agroha]], [[Barwala, Hisar|Barwala]], [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]], [[Hansi]]-1, [[Hansi]]-2, [[Narnaund]] and [[Uklanamandi]], <br> two Sub-[[Tehsil]]s of [[Balsamand]] and [[Bass, Hansi|Bass]]. Vehicle registration numbers for Hisar district are: Hisar HR 20 and HR 39 (commercial no), [[Hansi]] HR 21 and [[Barwala, Hisar|Barwala]] HR 80.
The district suffered famine in [[Chalisa famine|1783-84]] (Chalisa famine),<ref name="grove1">{{Citation | last = Grove | first = Richard H. | title = The Great El Nino of 1789–93 and its Global Consequences: Reconstructing an Extreme Climate Even in World Environmental History | journal = The Medieval History Journal | year = 2007 | volume = 10 | issue = 1&2 | pages = 75–98 | doi = 10.1177/097194580701000203| s2cid = 162783898 | hdl = 1885/51009 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> [[Agra famine of 1837–38|1838]],<ref name="hou1" /> [[Upper Doab famine of 1860–61|1860-61]],<ref name="hou1">{{Citation| last = Fieldhouse | first = David | chapter = For Richer, for Poorer? |editor-last = Marshall |editor-first = P. J. | title = The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire|pages = 108–146|publisher=Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 400| year = 1996| isbn = 0-521-00254-0|chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=S2EXN8JTwAEC&q=famine+british+empire+india&pg=PA132}}</ref> [[Indian famine of 1896–97|1896-97]]<ref name="hisarrevset1" /> and [[Indian famine of 1899–1900|1899-1900]].<ref name="hisarrevset1">C.A.H. Townsend, [http://revenueharyana.gov.in/Portals/0/revised_settlement_hisar.pdf Final report of thirds revised revenue settlement of Hisar district from 1905-1910], Gazetteer of [[Department of Revenue and Disaster Management, Haryana]], point 22, page 11.</ref>


Hisar is a divisional headquarters of the Divisional Commissioner and also the headquarters of the Police Range. It is also a battalion Headquarters of [[Border Security Force]], 3rd battalion of [[Haryana Police|Haryana Armed Police]] and police commando force. All these departments are now housed in a five storied District Administrative Complex completed in 1980, which adjoins the new Judiciary Complex.
Hisar district was [[Second Anglo-Maratha War|conquered by the British]] in 1803.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Banerjee |first=Abhijit |url=https://eml.berkeley.edu/~webfac/bardhan/e271_sp03/2_18.pdf |title=History, Institutions and Economic Performance: The Legacy of Colonial Land Tenure Systems in India (BREAD Working Paper No. 003) |last2=Iyer |first2=Lakshmi |date=January 2003 |publisher=Bureau for Research in Economic Analysis of Development |pages=39 |chapter=Appendix Table 1: Districts of British India, With Dates and Mode of Acquisition by the British}}</ref> On 30 December 1803, the [[Daulat Scindia]] signed the [[Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon]] with the British after the [[Battle of Assaye]] and Battle of [[Laswari]] and ceded to the British, Hisar, Panipat, Rohtak, Rewari, Gurgaon, Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat and the fort of Ahmmadnagar.<ref name="Naravane">{{Cite book |last=Naravane |first=M.S. |title=Battles of the Honorourable East India Company |publisher=A.P.H. Publishing Corporation |year=2014 |isbn=978-81-313-0034-3 |pages=65–66}}</ref>{{rp|73}}


The district has seven [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituencies, namely, Adampur, Uklana, Narnaund, Hansi, Barwala, Hisar and Nalwa. All of these are part of [[Hisar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hisar Lok Sabha constituency]]
On 1 November 1966, when [[Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966|Haryana was carved out of Punjab]] as a separate state, Hisar was already an existing district of the newly formed state of Haryana.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paxton |first1=J. |title=The Statesman's Year-Book 1970-71: The one-volume Encyclopaedia of all nations |date=23 December 2016 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-27099-2 |page=360 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Statesman_s_Year_Book_1970_71/A43JDQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=&pg=PA360}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{historical populations|21=1951|22=4,23,390|23=1961|24=5,77,887|25=1971|26=7,74,265|27=1981|28=9,85,769|29=1991|30=12,09,238|31=2001|32=15,37,117|33=2011|34=17,43,931|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}
{{historical populations|21=1951|22=4,23,390|23=1961|24=5,77,887|25=1971|26=7,74,265|27=1981|28=9,85,769|29=1991|30=12,09,238|31=2001|32=15,37,117|33=2011|34=17,43,931|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}
{{bar box|width=300px|barwidth=250px|cellpadding="0"|title=Religion in Hisar district (2011)<ref>http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/219-hisar.html</ref>|titlebar=#Fcd116|left1=Religion|right1=Percent|float=left|bars={{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|#FF6600|97.54}} {{bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|1.24}}
{{bar percent|Others|#9955BB|1.22}}}}


{{As of|2011|alt= the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]]}} the district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,743,931,<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[The Gambia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Gambia, The 1,797,860 July 2011 est.
{{As of|2011|alt= The [[2011 census of India|2011 census]]}} the district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,743,931,<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[The Gambia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Gambia, The 1,797,860 July 2011 est.
  }}</ref> or the US state of [[Nebraska]].<ref>{{cite web
  }}</ref> or the US state of [[Nebraska]].<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  
  |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  
  |title=2010 Resident Population Data  
  |title=2010 Resident Population Data  
  |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau  
  |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau  
  |access-date=2011-09-30
  |access-date=30 September 2011 |quote=Nebraska 1,826,341  
|quote=Nebraska 1,826,341  
  |url-status=dead  
  |url-status=dead  
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101090833/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101090833/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php  
  |archive-date=2011-01-01
  |archive-date=1 January 2011 }}</ref> This gave it a ranking of 276th in India out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]] districts.<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 438 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.38%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Hisar has a [[sex ratio]] of 871 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 73.2%. Scheduled Castes make up 23.44% of the population.<ref name=districtcensus/>
}}</ref> This gave it a ranking of 276th in India out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]] districts.<ref name=districtcensus/>
The district has a population density of {{convert| 438 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.38%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Hisar has a [[sex ratio]] of 871 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 73.2%.<ref name=districtcensus/>


At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 96.08% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]] and 3.11% [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref> [[Haryanvi]] is the most spoken dialect in the district.
=== Castes and tribes ===
The important social groups in the district are [[Jats]], [[Bishnois]], [[Brahmins]], [[Sainis]], [[Bania (caste)|Banias]], [[Gujjars]], [[Ahirs]], [[Rajput]]s, [[Kumhar]]s, [[Aroras]], [[Chamar]]s and [[Balmiki]]s.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> Jat is the largest social group in the city.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> Bishnois have migrated from [[Rajasthan]].<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> There are three sections of Brahmins in the district, i.e., [[Gaur Brahmin|Gaur]], [[Bias Brahmin|Bias]] and [[Khandelwal Brahmin|Khandelwal]]. Most of the Aroras are migrant from [[West Punjab]] after the partition of the country in 1947.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> Banias are divided into [[Agrawal|Aggarwals]], [[Oswals]] and [[Maheshwaris]]. The Aggarwals are said to be the descendants of the inhabitants of Agroha.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> They hold [[Agroha (town)|Agroha]] in great reverence. Oswals and Maheshwaris trace their origin to the Rajasthan.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> The Gujjars of Hisar trace their origin to [[Rajasthan]].<ref name="hisar gazetteer">{{cite web|url=http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gazetteer_india_hisar.pdf|title=Hisar gazetteer|publisher=Haryana Gazetteers Organisation|access-date=23 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501213030/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gazetteer_india_hisar.pdf|archive-date=1 May 2014|url-status=dead|pages=7, 55}}</ref>
Hisar is also the origin place of [[Agrawal Jain]] Community, with [[Hansi]] being an important Jain pilgrimage town.


Hisar is 98% [[Hindu]], only about 40,000 are [[Muslim]]s,<ref name="Muslim population in Hisar">{{cite web | author = Times of India | title = Free burial grounds of encroachments: Panel to Wakf Board| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Free-burial-grounds-of-encroachments-Panel-to-Wakf-Board/articleshow/49901517.cms | access-date = 2015-11-25 }}</ref> rest are mostly [[Jain]] and [[Sikhs]].
=== Languages ===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages of Hisar district (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]] |value1 = 68.76 |color1 = indianred
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 26.40 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] |value3 = 2.41 |color3 = pink
|label4 = Others |value4 = 2.43 |color4 = grey
}}
At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 68.76% of the population in the district spoke [[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]], 26.40% [[Hindi]] and 2.41% [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Haryana|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10204/download/13316/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0600.XLSX|website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}.</ref> [[Haryanvi]] is the most spoken language in the district.
 
=== Religion ===
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Hisar district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Haryana|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11374/download/14487/DDW06C-01%20MDDS.XLSS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|align=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|97.54}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|1.24}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|darkkhaki|0.70}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.52}}
}}


The important social groups in the district are [[Jats]], [[Bishnois]], [[Brahmins]], [[Sainis]], [[Bania (caste)|Banias]], [[Agrawal Jain]]s, [[Ahirs]], [[Gujjars]], [[Kumhar]]s, [[Aroras]], [[Chamar]]s and [[Balmiki]]s.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> Jat is the largest social group in the city.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> They are of two types, Deswalis and [[Bagri language|Bagri]]s. Bishnois have migrated from [[Rajasthan]].<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> There are three sections of Brahmins in the district, i.e., [[Gaur Brahmin|Gaur]], [[Bias Brahmin|Bias]] and [[Khandelwal Brahmin|Khandelwal]]. Most of the Aroras are migrant from [[West Punjab]] after the partition of the country in 1947.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> Banias are divided into [[Agrawal|Aggarwals]], [[Oswals]] and [[Maheshwaris]]. The Aggarwals are said to be the descendants of the inhabitants of Agroha.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> They hold [[Agroha (town)|Agroha]] in great reverence. Oswals and Maheshwaris trace their origin to the Rajasthan.<ref name="hisar gazetteer"/> The Gujjars of Hisar trace their origin to [[Rajasthan]].<ref name="hisar gazetteer">{{cite web|url=http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gazetteer_india_hisar.pdf|title=Hisar gazetteer|publisher=Haryana Gazetteers Organisation|access-date=23 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501213030/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gazetteer_india_hisar.pdf|archive-date=1 May 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Hisar is 98% [[Hindu]], only about 40,000 are [[Muslim]]s,<ref name="Muslim population in Hisar">{{cite news | author = Times of India | title = Free burial grounds of encroachments: Panel to Wakf Board| website = [[The Times of India]]| date = 24 November 2015| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Free-burial-grounds-of-encroachments-Panel-to-Wakf-Board/articleshow/49901517.cms | access-date = 25 November 2015 }}</ref> rest are mostly [[Jain]] and [[Sikhs]]. Nearly all Muslims of Hisar left for Pakistan during Partition.
Hisar is also the origin place of [[Agrawal Jain]] Community, with [[Hansi]] being an important Jain pilgrimage town.
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in Hisar District
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in India|Religious]]<br/>group
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="Religion"/>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]
| 1,701,061
| {{Percentage | 1701061 | 1743931 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]  
| 21,650
| {{Percentage | 21650 | 1743931 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
| 12,270
| {{Percentage | 12270 | 1743931 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
| 1,945
| {{Percentage | 1945 | 1743931 | 2 }}
|-
| Others
| 7,005
| {{Percentage | 7005 | 1743931 | 2 }}
|-
! Total Population
! 1,743,931
! {{Percentage | 1743931 | 1743931 | 2 }}
|}
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religious groups in Hisar district ([[British Punjab province]] era)
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in India|Religious]]<br/>group
! colspan="2" |1881<ref name="Census1881A">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057656 |jstor=saoa.crl.25057656 |access-date=26 December 2024 |title=Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. I. |year=1881 }}</ref><ref name="Census1881B">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057657 |jstor=saoa.crl.25057657 |access-date=26 December 2024 |title=Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. II. |year=1881 |pages=14 }}</ref><ref name="Census1881C">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25057658 |jstor=saoa.crl.25057658 |access-date=26 December 2024 |title=Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. III. |year=1881 |pages=14 }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1891<ref name="Census1891">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25318669 |jstor=saoa.crl.25318669 |access-date=26 December 2024 |title=The Punjab and its feudatories, part II--Imperial Tables and Supplementary Returns for the British Territory |year=1891 |pages=14 |last1=Edward Maclagan |first1=Sir |volume=2 }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1901<ref name="Census1901">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25363739 |jstor=saoa.crl.25363739 |access-date=10 March 2024 |title=Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province. |year=1901 |pages=34}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1911<ref name="Census1911">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25393788 |jstor=saoa.crl.25393788 |access-date=3 March 2024 |title=Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables. |year=1911 |pages=27}}</ref><ref name="Census1911B">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.62718 |access-date=3 March 2024 |title=Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II |year=1911 |pages=27 |author=Kaul, Harikishan}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1921<ref name="Census1921">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25430165 |jstor=saoa.crl.25430165 |access-date=17 February 2024 |title=Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables. |year=1921 |pages=29}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1931<ref name="Census1931">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.25793242 |jstor=saoa.crl.25793242 |access-date=4 February 2024 |title=Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables. |year=1931 |pages=277}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="Census1941">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/saoa.crl.28215541 |jstor=saoa.crl.28215541 |access-date=22 July 2022 |title=Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab |year=1941 |pages=42 |author1=India Census Commissioner |volume=6 }}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
! [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]{{efn|name=ad-dharmi|1931-1941: Including [[Ad-Dharmi]]s}}
| 514,948
| {{Percentage | 514948 | 757458 | 2 }}
| 548,896
| {{Percentage | 548896 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 544,799
| {{Percentage | 544799 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 541,720
| {{Percentage | 541720 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 548,351
| {{Percentage | 548351 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 583,429
| {{Percentage | 583429 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 652,842
| {{Percentage | 652842 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
| 206,806
| {{Percentage | 206806 | 757458 | 2 }}
| 199,010
| {{Percentage | 199010 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 202,009
| {{Percentage | 202009 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 218,600
| {{Percentage | 218600 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 215,943
| {{Percentage | 215943 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 253,784
| {{Percentage | 253784 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 285,208
| {{Percentage | 285208 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
| 31,446
| {{Percentage | 31446 | 757458 | 2 }}
| 22,151
| {{Percentage | 22151 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 28,642
| {{Percentage | 28642 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 38,508
| {{Percentage | 38508 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 45,615
| {{Percentage | 45615 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 55,169
| {{Percentage | 55169 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 60,731
| {{Percentage | 60731 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
| 4,186
| {{Percentage | 4186 | 757458 | 2 }}
| 5,690
| {{Percentage | 5690 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 6,003
| {{Percentage | 6003 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 5,767
| {{Percentage | 5767 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 5,874
| {{Percentage | 5874 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 5,988
| {{Percentage | 5988 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 6,126
| {{Percentage | 6126 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
| 72
| {{Percentage | 72 | 757458 | 2 }}
| 242
| {{Percentage | 242 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 253
| {{Percentage | 253 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 273
| {{Percentage | 273 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 1,024
| {{Percentage | 1024 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 1,107
| {{Percentage | 1107 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 1,292
| {{Percentage | 1292 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Zoroastrianism]] [[File:Faravahar.svg|15px]]
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 757458 | 2 }}
| 17
| {{Percentage | 17 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 11
| {{Percentage | 11 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 3
| {{Percentage | 3 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 2
| {{Percentage | 2 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 4
| {{Percentage | 4 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Buddhism]] [[File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg|15px]]
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 757458 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 3
| {{Percentage | 3 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! [[Judaism]] [[File:Star_of_David.svg|15px]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 8
| {{Percentage | 8 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 1
| {{Percentage | 1 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! Others
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 757458 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 776006 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 781717 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 804889 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 816810 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 899479 | 2 }}
| 505
| {{Percentage | 505 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|-
! Total population
! 757,458
! {{Percentage | 757458 | 757458 | 2 }}
! 776,006
! {{Percentage | 776006 | 776006 | 2 }}
! 781,717
! {{Percentage | 781717 | 781717 | 2 }}
! 804,889
! {{Percentage | 804889 | 804889 | 2 }}
! 816,810
! {{Percentage | 816810 | 816810 | 2 }}
! 899,479
! {{Percentage | 899479 | 899479 | 2 }}
! 1,006,709
! {{Percentage | 1006709 | 1006709 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="15" | {{small|Note1: [[British Punjab province]] era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province region]] during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.<br/><br/>Note2: 1881 census count includes Sirsa District, which was later amalgamated with Hissar District.}}
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in the [[Tehsil]]s of Hisar District (1921)<ref name="Census1921"/>
! rowspan="2" |[[Tehsil]]
! colspan="2" |[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |Others{{efn|name=othersC|Including [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Tribal religions in India|Tribals]], others, or not stated}}
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
! Hisar Tehsil
| 106,179
| {{Percentage | 106179 | 136272 | 2 }}
| 28,788
| {{Percentage | 28788 | 136272 | 2 }}
| 214
| {{Percentage | 214 | 136272 | 2 }}
| 101
| {{Percentage | 101 | 136272 | 2 }}
| 990
| {{Percentage | 990 | 136272 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 136272 | 2 }}
! 136,272
! {{Percentage | 136272 | 136272 | 2 }}
|-
! Hansi Tehsil
| 141,116
| {{Percentage | 141116 | 177043 | 2 }}
| 33,396
| {{Percentage | 33396 | 177043 | 2 }}
| 83
| {{Percentage | 83 | 177043 | 2 }}
| 34
| {{Percentage | 34 | 177043 | 2 }}
| 2,414
| {{Percentage | 2414 | 177043 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 177043 | 2 }}
! 177,043
! {{Percentage | 177043 | 177043 | 2 }}
|-
! Bhiwani Tehsil
| 104,350
| {{Percentage | 104350 | 126015 | 2 }}
| 20,683
| {{Percentage | 20683 | 126015 | 2 }}
| 47
| {{Percentage | 47 | 126015 | 2 }}
| 64
| {{Percentage | 64 | 126015 | 2 }}
| 871
| {{Percentage | 871 | 126015 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 126015 | 2 }}
! 126,015
! {{Percentage | 126015 | 126015 | 2 }}
|-
! Fatehabad Tehsil
| 104,525
| {{Percentage | 104525 | 195801 | 2 }}
| 71,510
| {{Percentage | 71510 | 195801 | 2 }}
| 18,757
| {{Percentage | 18757 | 195801 | 2 }}
| 393
| {{Percentage | 393 | 195801 | 2 }}
| 616
| {{Percentage | 616 | 195801 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 195801 | 2 }}
! 195,801
! {{Percentage | 195801 | 195801 | 2 }}
|-
! Sirsa Tehsil
| 92,181
| {{Percentage | 92181 | 181679 | 2 }}
| 61,566
| {{Percentage | 61566 | 181679 | 2 }}
| 26,514
| {{Percentage | 26514 | 181679 | 2 }}
| 432
| {{Percentage | 432 | 181679 | 2 }}
| 983
| {{Percentage | 983 | 181679 | 2 }}
| 3
| {{Percentage | 3 | 181679 | 2 }}
! 181,679
! {{Percentage | 181679 | 181679 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="15" | {{small|Note: [[British Punjab province]] era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province region]] during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.}}
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Religion in the [[Tehsil]]s of Hisar District (1941)<ref name="Census1941"/>
! rowspan="2" |[[Tehsil]]
! colspan="2" |[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]{{efn|name=ad-dharmi}}
! colspan="2" |[[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |[[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
! colspan="2" |Others{{efn|name=othersB|Including [[Anglo-Indian people|Anglo-Indian Christians]], [[British Christianity|British Christians]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Tribal religions in India|Tribals]], others, or not stated}}
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
! Hisar Tehsil
| 157,058
| {{Percentage | 157058 | 239857 | 2 }}
| 64,499
| {{Percentage | 64499 | 239857 | 2 }}
| 15,712
| {{Percentage | 15712 | 239857 | 2 }}
| 572
| {{Percentage | 572 | 239857 | 2 }}
| 1,992
| {{Percentage | 1992 | 239857 | 2 }}
| 24
| {{Percentage | 24 | 239857 | 2 }}
! 239,857
! {{Percentage | 239857 | 239857 | 2 }}
|-
! Hansi Tehsil
| 175,761
| {{Percentage | 175761 | 224370 | 2 }}
| 45,551
| {{Percentage | 45551 | 224370 | 2 }}
| 165
| {{Percentage | 165 | 224370 | 2 }}
| 56
| {{Percentage | 56 | 224370 | 2 }}
| 2,836
| {{Percentage | 2836 | 224370 | 2 }}
| 1
| {{Percentage | 1 | 224370 | 2 }}
! 224,370
! {{Percentage | 224370 | 224370 | 2 }}
|-
! Bhiwani Tehsil
| 127,740
| {{Percentage | 127740 | 158587 | 2 }}
| 29,554
| {{Percentage | 29554 | 158587 | 2 }}
| 533
| {{Percentage | 533 | 158587 | 2 }}
| 169
| {{Percentage | 169 | 158587 | 2 }}
| 587
| {{Percentage | 587 | 158587 | 2 }}
| 4
| {{Percentage | 4 | 158587 | 2 }}
! 158,587
! {{Percentage | 158587 | 158587 | 2 }}
|-
! Fatehabad Tehsil
| 94,122
| {{Percentage | 94122 | 169491 | 2 }}
| 67,556
| {{Percentage | 67556 | 169491 | 2 }}
| 7,664
| {{Percentage | 7664 | 169491 | 2 }}
| 18
| {{Percentage | 18 | 169491 | 2 }}
| 124
| {{Percentage | 124 | 169491 | 2 }}
| 7
| {{Percentage | 7 | 169491 | 2 }}
! 169,491
! {{Percentage | 169491 | 169491 | 2 }}
|-
! Sirsa Tehsil
| 98,161
| {{Percentage | 98161 | 214404 | 2 }}
| 78,048
| {{Percentage | 78048 | 214404 | 2 }}
| 36,657
| {{Percentage | 36657 | 214404 | 2 }}
| 420
| {{Percentage | 420 | 214404 | 2 }}
| 587
| {{Percentage | 587 | 214404 | 2 }}
| 531
| {{Percentage | 531 | 214404 | 2 }}
! 214,404
! {{Percentage | 214404 | 214404 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="15" | {{small|Note1: [[British Punjab province]] era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province region]] during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.<br/><br/>Note2: [[Tehsil]] religious breakdown figures for Christianity only includes local Christians, labelled as "Indian Christians" on [[Census in British India|census]]. Does not include [[Anglo-Indian people|Anglo-Indian Christians]] or [[British Christianity|British Christians]], who were classified under "Other" category.}}
|}
 
==Administrative divisions==
{{see also|List of districts of Haryana|Administrative divisions of Haryana}}
Hisar continued to be the District Headquarters of the largest District in the state until its reorganisation in 1966 when parts were carved out to create the new Jind District. The Tehsil Bhiwani and [[Loharu State|Loharu estate]] were later transferred to [[Bhiwani district]] on its creation in 1974. It was further bifurcated when [[Sirsa district]] was created entirely out of Hisar District. [[Fatehabad district]] has now been carved out of this district.
 
At present Hisar district consists of the eight [[tehsil]]s of [[Adampur]], [[Agroha (town)|Agroha]], [[Barwala, Hisar|Barwala]], [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]], [[Hansi]]-1, [[Hansi]]-2, [[Narnaund]] and [[Uklanamandi]], two Sub-[[Tehsil]]s of [[Balsamand]] and [[Bass, Hansi|Bass]]. Vehicle registration numbers for Hisar district are: Hisar HR 20 and HR 39 (commercial no), [[Hansi]] HR 21 and [[Barwala, Hisar|Barwala]] HR 80.


==Geography==
Hisar is a divisional headquarters of the Divisional Commissioner and also the headquarters of the Police Range. It is also a battalion Headquarters of [[Border Security Force]], 3rd battalion of [[Haryana Police|Haryana Armed Police]] and police commando force. All these departments are now housed in a five storied District Administrative Complex completed in 1980, which adjoins the new Judiciary Complex.
{{See also|Bagar tract|Khadir and Bangar}}
[[File:Khadir-and-bangar.jpg|thumb|left|300px|In any ''doab'', ''khadar'' land (green) lies next to a river, while ''bangar'' land (olive) has greater elevation and lies further from the river]]
North Hisar district falls in [[doab]] between Ghagghar river flowing through fatehabad district and paleo channel of Dhrishadvati river flowing through the Narnaul tehsil. Eastern, central and south-eastern Hisar district falls in [[doab]] between Dhrishadvati river and [[Yamuna]] river. Western Hisar district is part of bagar tract. The regions of the ''doabs''  near the rivers consist of low-lying, flood-prone, but usually very fertile ''khadir'' and the higher-lying land away from the rivers consist of ''bangar'', less prone to flooding but also less fertile on average.<ref name="encybritt2010">{{Citation | title=Pakistan: Soils | publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010 | url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1404392/bhangar | quote=''... khaddar soils. Away from the river, toward the middle of the doabs, older alluvial soils (called bangar) are widely distributed ...''}}</ref> For the purpose of irrigation, Hisar district has been classified into 5 circles, namely barani (low rain area where rain-fed dry farming is practiced which nowadays are dependent on tubewells for the irrigation),<ref name=bag1/> [[Bagar tract|bagar]] (dry sandy tract of land on the border of Rajasthan state adjoining the states of Haryana and Pujab)<ref name=bag1/> '''nahri''' ([[canal]]-irrigated land), '''nali''' or '''naili''' (fertile [[prairie]] tract between the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Ghaggar]] river and the southern limits of the [[Drishadvati river|Saraswati channel depression]] in northern Hissar district of Haryana that gets flooded during the rains),<ref name=nali1>https://archive.org/stream/imperialgazettee14grea/imperialgazettee14grea_djvu.txt "The imperial gazeteers of India, 1908"], [[British Raj]], page 288.]</ref> and Rangoi tract (an area irrigated by the '''Rangoi canal''' made for the purpose of carrying flood waters of Ghagghar river to dry areas).<ref name=rangoi1>1987, [http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gazetteer_india_hisar.pdf "gazetteer of India: Hisar District"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501213030/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gazetteer_india_hisar.pdf |date=1 May 2014 }}, page 7.</ref><ref name=landtypes1>1987, [http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/hisar_1987/Revenue_Administration.pdf "Gazeteers of Hisar district, 1987"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107072120/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/hisar_1987/Revenue_Administration.pdf |date=7 November 2017 }}, [[Government of Haryana]], page 162.]</ref>


Hisar has fertile [[Alluvium|alluvial soil]] interspersed with highly permeable very sandy tracts in [[bagar tract]] several with [[water table]] more than 100 feet below ground containing [[brackish water]] usually unfit for human consumption, where [[dust storm]]s frequent during the warm summer months from April till the end of July when [[monsoon]] arrives. Previously, Hisar was solely based on the rain and irrigation was possible only in the ''nali'' region where the season [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Ghaggar river]] flows in North Hisar. After the opening of [[Bhakra Nangal Dam]] canal system in 1963 as well as the earlier [[Western Yamuna Canal]] now irrigate most of Haryana including all of the Bagar region falling in Haryana on its western border. Opening of [[Indira Gandhi Canal]] in 1983 (specially Hansi Butana branches) brought the water of [[Sutlej]] and [[Beas]] rivers to the fields of Rajasthan including its Bagar tract stabilizing the sand dunes and soil erosion by preventing the expansion of desert.<ref name=bag1>E. Walter Coward, 1980, [https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0801498716 "Irrigation and Agricultural Development in Asia: Perspectives from the social sciences"], [[Cornell University]] press, page 302, {{ISBN|0801498716}}.</ref>
The district has seven [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituencies, namely, Adampur, Uklana, Narnaund, Hansi, Barwala, Hisar and Nalwa. All of these are part of [[Hisar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hisar Lok Sabha constituency]]


==Education==
==Education==
{{Main|List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Hisar| label 1 = Universities and colleges in Hisar}}
{{Main|List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Hisar| label 1 = Universities and colleges in Hisar}}
<!---♦♦♦ Only add an educational institute to this list if it already has its own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
;Universities
;Universities
* [[Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University]], initially founded as a campus of the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
* [[Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University]], initially founded as a campus of the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
* [[Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences]]. A statue and memorial of [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] stands on the campus to commemorate this patriot.
* [[Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences]]. A statue and memorial of [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] stands on the campus to commemorate this patriot.
* [[Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology]], founded in 1995, attracts students for higher education from all over the country and abroad.
* [[Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology]], founded in 1995, attracts students for higher education from all over the country and abroad.
* [[Om Sterling Global University]], private university


;Govt colleges:  
;Govt colleges:  
There are 10 govt degree colleges in Hisar.<ref name=col1>[https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jagran.com%2Fharyana%2Fhisar-hisar-gets-huge-share-in-haryana-budget-17638435.html colleges in Hsar]</ref>
* [[Govt. Post Graduate College, Hisar]]
* [[Govt. Post Graduate College, Hisar]]
* [[Govt. College for Girls, Hisar]]
* [[Govt. College for Girls, Hisar]]
Line 148: Line 627:


;Schools
;Schools
Hisar also has several [[List of schools in Hisar|renowned schools]] including [[Leading Angel Public School, Hisar]] (LAPS), [[Indus Public School, Hisar]] (IPS), [[Army Public School, Hisar]] (APS), [[Thakur Dass Bhargava Senior Secondary Model School]] , [[Vidya Devi Jindal School]]  and [[O.P.JINDAL MODERN SCHOOL]] .
Hisar also has several [[List of schools in Hisar|renowned schools]] including [[Leading Angel Public School, Hisar]] (LAPS), [[Indus Public School, Hisar]] (IPS), [[Army Public School, Hisar]] (APS), [[Thakur Dass Bhargava Senior Secondary Model School]], and [[Vidya Devi Jindal School]].


==Notable individuals==
==Notable individuals==
Over the past three centuries Hisar had been the birthplace of individuals including Sardar Ishri Singh, Sardar Harji Ram and Rai Bahadur Sardar Nau Nihal Singh who were honorary magistrates in pre-Independence Hisar. Noteworthy individuals include the [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] (freedom fighter, elected member of Hisar municipal committee, founder of Hisar district congress (1986), [[Arya samaj]] (1986) and district bar council), Captain [[Abhimanyu Sindhu]] (entrepreneur, journalist, BJP national spokesperson and Minister in Haryana from [[Narnaul]] assembly constituency), late Dr. [[Gopi Chand Bhargava]] (First Chief Minister of joint Punjab), [[Om Prakash Jindal]] (former chairperson of Jindal Industries and Minister in Haryana government) and his wife [[Savitri Jindal]] (chairperson of Jindal Industries and Minister in Haryana government), [[Subhash Chandra]] (Chairman of Essel Group and [[Zee Network]] and BJP MP in Rajya Sabha), Amit Munjal, founder and [[CEO]] of [[:simple:DOCTOR INSTA|Doctor Insta]] and Former CFO of [[Citi Holdings]], [[Yash Tonk]] (Bollywood actor), [[Manish Joshi Bismil]] (theatre director), [[Vijay Kumar Singh|General V.K. Singh]] (Former Army Chief and Union Minister from BJP]], [[Dalbir Singh|General Dalbir Singh Suhag]] (former Army Chief).
Over the past three centuries Hisar had been the birthplace of individuals including Sardar Ishri Singh, Sardar Harji Ram and Rai Bahadur Sardar Nau Nihal Singh who were honorary magistrates in pre-Independence Hisar. Noteworthy individuals include the [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] (freedom fighter, elected member of Hisar municipal committee, founder of Hisar district congress (1986), [[Arya samaj]] (1986) and district bar council), Captain [[Abhimanyu Sindhu]] (entrepreneur, journalist, BJP national spokesperson and Minister in Haryana from [[Narnaund]] assembly constituency), late Dr. [[Gopi Chand Bhargava]] (First Chief Minister of joint Punjab), [[Om Prakash Jindal]] (former chairperson of Jindal Industries and Minister in Haryana government) and his wife [[Savitri Jindal]] (chairperson of Jindal Industries and Minister in Haryana government), [[Subhash Chandra]] (Chairman of Essel Group and [[Zee Network]] and BJP MP in Rajya Sabha), Amit Munjal, founder and [[CEO]] of [[:simple:DOCTOR INSTA|Doctor Insta]] and Former CFO of [[Citi Holdings]], [[Yash Tonk]] (Bollywood actor), [[Manish Joshi Bismil]] (theatre director), [[V. K. Singh|General V.K. Singh]] (Former Army Chief and Union Minister from BJP), [[Dalbir Singh|General Dalbir Singh Suhag]] (former Army Chief) and [[Israr Ahmed]] (Islamic scholar from Pakistan, born in Hisar before independence).


==See also==
==See also==
Line 165: Line 644:
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
{{notelist}}


==External links==
==External links==

Latest revision as of 17:16, 19 March 2026

Not to be confused with the former Hisar District of Tajikistan.
Hisar district
District of Haryana
Clockwise from top-left: Palace of Firoz Shah, Sheela Mata Temple in Agroha, mounds at Rakhigarhi, Balaji Mandir at Hisar, Asigarh Fort
Location in Haryana
Location in Haryana
CountryIndia
StateHaryana
DivisionHisar
Established1815
HeadquartersHisar (city)
TehsilsAdampur, Agroha, Barwala, Hisar, Balsamand, Bass, Narnaund and Uklanamandi
Government
 • Deputy CommissionerUttam Singh, IAS
Area
 • Total3,983 km2 (1,538 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total1,743,931
 • Density438/km2 (1,130/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy64.83%
Languages
 • OfficialHindi[1]
 • Additional official
 • RegionalHaryanvi
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH-9 (formerly NH-10) and NH-52 (formerly NH-65)
Lok Sabha constituenciesHisar
Websitehisar.nic.in

Hisar district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana, India. Hisar city serves as the district headquarters. Hisar district has four sub-divisions that is, Hisar, Barwala, Hansi and Narnaud, each headed by an SDM. The district is also part of Hisar division. Hisar was founded by Firuz Shah Tughlaq.

The largest district in Haryana until its 1966 reorganisation, some parts of Hisar were transferred to the newly created Jind district. In 1974, the Tehsils of Bhiwani and Loharu were transferred to Bhiwani district. Hisar was further bifurcated when Sirsa district was formed. Fatehabad district and Hansi district were later created as well.[3][4]

Hisar is a divisional headquarters of the Hisar division and also the headquarters of Police Range. It is also a battalion headquarters of B.S.F. 3rd Bn. H.A.P. and commando force. In order to accommodate all of these departments, a five-storey District Administrative Complex was built, with the offices transferred in 1980. It adjoins the new Judiciary Complex, which is also made functional. This administrative and judiciary complex is the largest in Haryana; as a district headquarters it may be one of the largest in the country.

It is one of the five cities belonging to Indus Valley Civilisation while its name is cited in the history books in the context of Indus civilisation and in general knowledge books as the location of Banawali, one of five sheep farms. As of 2011 it is the second most populous of the 21 districts of Haryana, after Faridabad.[5]

Hisar is also known as the steel city because of the Jindal Stainless Steel Factories. It is also the largest producer of galvanised iron in India.[citation needed]

Geography[edit | edit source]

See also: Bagar region and Khadir and Bangar
In any doab, khadar land (green) lies next to a river, while bangar land (olive) has greater elevation and lies further from the river

North Hisar district falls in doab between Ghagghar river flowing through fatehabad district and paleo channel of Dhrishadvati river flowing through the Narnaul tehsil. Eastern, central, and south-eastern Hisar district falls in doab between Dhrishadvati river and Yamuna river. Western Hisar district is part of bagar tract. The regions of the doabs near the rivers consist of low-lying, flood-prone, but usually very fertile khadir and the higher-lying land away from the rivers consist of bangar, less prone to flooding but also less fertile on average.[6] For the purpose of irrigation, Hisar district has been classified into 5 circles, namely barani (low rain area where rain-fed dry farming is practised which nowadays are dependent on tubewells for the irrigation),[7] bagar (dry sandy tract of land on the border of Rajasthan state adjoining the states of Haryana and Punjab)[7] nahri (canal-irrigated land), nali or naili (fertile prairie tract between the Ghaggar river and the southern limits of the Saraswati channel depression in northern Hissar district of Haryana that gets flooded during the rains),[8] and Rangoi tract (an area irrigated by the Rangoi canal made for the purpose of carrying flood waters of Ghagghar river to dry areas).[9][10]

Hisar has fertile alluvial soil interspersed with highly permeable very sandy tracts in bagar region several with water table more than 100 feet below ground containing brackish water usually unfit for human consumption, where dust storms frequent during the warm summer months from April till the end of July when monsoon arrives. Previously, Hisar was solely based on the rain and irrigation was possible only in the nali region where the season Ghaggar river flows in North Hisar. After the opening of Bhakra Nangal Dam canal system in 1963 as well as the earlier Western Yamuna Canal now irrigate most of Haryana including all of the Bagar region falling in Haryana on its western border. Opening of Indira Gandhi Canal in 1983 (specially Hansi Butana branches) brought the water of Sutlej and Beas rivers to the fields of Rajasthan including its Bagar tract stabilising the sand dunes and soil erosion by preventing the expansion of desert.[7]

Climate[edit | edit source]

Hisar
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
13
 
 
6
6
 
 
16
 
 
8
8
 
 
12
 
 
31
14
 
 
5.6
 
 
37
19
 
 
20
 
 
41
24
 
 
43
 
 
50
28
 
 
141
 
 
48
27
 
 
147
 
 
35
26
 
 
65
 
 
35
24
 
 
15
 
 
34
18
 
 
6.1
 
 
29
11
 
 
7.3
 
 
24
7
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: IMD

Hisar has a warm climate.

History[edit | edit source]

See also: History of Haryana
A skeleton from Rakhigarhi, Indus Valley Civilisation site in Hisar on display in the National Museum, New Delhi.

The district suffered famine in 1783-84 (Chalisa famine),[11] 1838,[12] 1860-61,[12] 1896-97[13] and 1899-1900.[13]

Hisar district was conquered by the British in 1803.[14] On 30 December 1803, the Daulat Scindia signed the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon with the British after the Battle of Assaye and Battle of Laswari and ceded to the British, Hisar, Panipat, Rohtak, Rewari, Gurgaon, Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat and the fort of Ahmmadnagar.[15]:73

On 1 November 1966, when Haryana was carved out of Punjab as a separate state, Hisar was already an existing district of the newly formed state of Haryana.[16]

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1951423,390—    
1961577,887+3.16%
1971774,265+2.97%
1981985,769+2.44%
19911,209,238+2.06%
20011,537,117+2.43%
20111,743,931+1.27%
source:[17]

The 2011 census the district had a population of 1,743,931,[5] roughly equal to the nation of The Gambia[18] or the US state of Nebraska.[19] This gave it a ranking of 276th in India out of a total of 640 districts.[5] The district has a population density of 438 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,130/sq mi) .[5] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.38%.[5] Hisar has a sex ratio of 871 females for every 1000 males,[5] and a literacy rate of 73.2%. Scheduled Castes make up 23.44% of the population.[5]

Castes and tribes[edit | edit source]

The important social groups in the district are Jats, Bishnois, Brahmins, Sainis, Banias, Gujjars, Ahirs, Rajputs, Kumhars, Aroras, Chamars and Balmikis.[9] Jat is the largest social group in the city.[9] Bishnois have migrated from Rajasthan.[9] There are three sections of Brahmins in the district, i.e., Gaur, Bias and Khandelwal. Most of the Aroras are migrant from West Punjab after the partition of the country in 1947.[9] Banias are divided into Aggarwals, Oswals and Maheshwaris. The Aggarwals are said to be the descendants of the inhabitants of Agroha.[9] They hold Agroha in great reverence. Oswals and Maheshwaris trace their origin to the Rajasthan.[9] The Gujjars of Hisar trace their origin to Rajasthan.[9] Hisar is also the origin place of Agrawal Jain Community, with Hansi being an important Jain pilgrimage town.

Languages[edit | edit source]

Languages of Hisar district (2011)[20]

  Haryanvi (68.76%)
  Hindi (26.40%)
  Punjabi (2.41%)
  Others (2.43%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 68.76% of the population in the district spoke Haryanvi, 26.40% Hindi and 2.41% Punjabi as their first language.[20] Haryanvi is the most spoken language in the district.

Religion[edit | edit source]

Religion in Hisar district (2011)[21]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 97.54%
Islam
 
 1.24%
Sikhism
 
 0.70%
Other or not stated
 
 0.52%

Hisar is 98% Hindu, only about 40,000 are Muslims,[22] rest are mostly Jain and Sikhs. Nearly all Muslims of Hisar left for Pakistan during Partition.

Religion in Hisar District
Religious
group 		2011[21]
Pop. %
Hinduism 1,701,061 97.54%
Islam 21,650 1.24%
Sikhism 12,270 0.7%
Christianity 1,945 0.11%
Others 7,005 0.4%
Total Population 1,743,931 100%
Religious groups in Hisar district (British Punjab province era)
Religious
group 		1881[23][24][25] 1891[26] 1901[27] 1911[28][29] 1921[30] 1931[31] 1941[32]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Hinduism [lower-alpha 1] 514,948 67.98% 548,896 70.73% 544,799 69.69% 541,720 67.3% 548,351 67.13% 583,429 64.86% 652,842 64.85%
Islam 206,806 27.3% 199,010 25.65% 202,009 25.84% 218,600 27.16% 215,943 26.44% 253,784 28.21% 285,208 28.33%
Sikhism 31,446 4.15% 22,151 2.85% 28,642 3.66% 38,508 4.78% 45,615 5.58% 55,169 6.13% 60,731 6.03%
Jainism 4,186 0.55% 5,690 0.73% 6,003 0.77% 5,767 0.72% 5,874 0.72% 5,988 0.67% 6,126 0.61%
Christianity 72 0.01% 242 0.03% 253 0.03% 273 0.03% 1,024 0.13% 1,107 0.12% 1,292 0.13%
Zoroastrianism 0 0% 17 0% 11 0% 10 0% 3 0% 2 0% 4 0%
Buddhism 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 3 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Judaism N/A N/A 0 0% 0 0% 8 0% 0 0% 0 0% 1 0%
Others 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 505 0.05%
Total population 757,458 100% 776,006 100% 781,717 100% 804,889 100% 816,810 100% 899,479 100% 1,006,709 100%
Note1: British Punjab province era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.

Note2: 1881 census count includes Sirsa District, which was later amalgamated with Hissar District.
Religion in the Tehsils of Hisar District (1921)[30]
Tehsil Hinduism Islam Sikhism Christianity Jainism Others[lower-alpha 2] Total
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Hisar Tehsil 106,179 77.92% 28,788 21.13% 214 0.16% 101 0.07% 990 0.73% 0 0% 136,272 100%
Hansi Tehsil 141,116 79.71% 33,396 18.86% 83 0.05% 34 0.02% 2,414 1.36% 0 0% 177,043 100%
Bhiwani Tehsil 104,350 82.81% 20,683 16.41% 47 0.04% 64 0.05% 871 0.69% 0 0% 126,015 100%
Fatehabad Tehsil 104,525 53.38% 71,510 36.52% 18,757 9.58% 393 0.2% 616 0.31% 0 0% 195,801 100%
Sirsa Tehsil 92,181 50.74% 61,566 33.89% 26,514 14.59% 432 0.24% 983 0.54% 3 0% 181,679 100%
Note: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.
Religion in the Tehsils of Hisar District (1941)[32]
Tehsil Hinduism [lower-alpha 1] Islam Sikhism Christianity Jainism Others[lower-alpha 3] Total
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Hisar Tehsil 157,058 65.48% 64,499 26.89% 15,712 6.55% 572 0.24% 1,992 0.83% 24 0.01% 239,857 100%
Hansi Tehsil 175,761 78.34% 45,551 20.3% 165 0.07% 56 0.02% 2,836 1.26% 1 0% 224,370 100%
Bhiwani Tehsil 127,740 80.55% 29,554 18.64% 533 0.34% 169 0.11% 587 0.37% 4 0% 158,587 100%
Fatehabad Tehsil 94,122 55.53% 67,556 39.86% 7,664 4.52% 18 0.01% 124 0.07% 7 0% 169,491 100%
Sirsa Tehsil 98,161 45.78% 78,048 36.4% 36,657 17.1% 420 0.2% 587 0.27% 531 0.25% 214,404 100%
Note1: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.

Note2: Tehsil religious breakdown figures for Christianity only includes local Christians, labelled as "Indian Christians" on census. Does not include Anglo-Indian Christians or British Christians, who were classified under "Other" category.

Administrative divisions[edit | edit source]

See also: List of districts of Haryana and Administrative divisions of Haryana

Hisar continued to be the District Headquarters of the largest District in the state until its reorganisation in 1966 when parts were carved out to create the new Jind District. The Tehsil Bhiwani and Loharu estate were later transferred to Bhiwani district on its creation in 1974. It was further bifurcated when Sirsa district was created entirely out of Hisar District. Fatehabad district has now been carved out of this district.

At present Hisar district consists of the eight tehsils of Adampur, Agroha, Barwala, Hisar, Hansi-1, Hansi-2, Narnaund and Uklanamandi, two Sub-Tehsils of Balsamand and Bass. Vehicle registration numbers for Hisar district are: Hisar HR 20 and HR 39 (commercial no), Hansi HR 21 and Barwala HR 80.

Hisar is a divisional headquarters of the Divisional Commissioner and also the headquarters of the Police Range. It is also a battalion Headquarters of Border Security Force, 3rd battalion of Haryana Armed Police and police commando force. All these departments are now housed in a five storied District Administrative Complex completed in 1980, which adjoins the new Judiciary Complex.

The district has seven Vidhan Sabha constituencies, namely, Adampur, Uklana, Narnaund, Hansi, Barwala, Hisar and Nalwa. All of these are part of Hisar Lok Sabha constituency

Education[edit | edit source]

Main article: Universities and colleges in Hisar
Universities
Govt colleges
Private colleges
Schools

Hisar also has several renowned schools including Leading Angel Public School, Hisar (LAPS), Indus Public School, Hisar (IPS), Army Public School, Hisar (APS), Thakur Dass Bhargava Senior Secondary Model School, and Vidya Devi Jindal School.

Notable individuals[edit | edit source]

Over the past three centuries Hisar had been the birthplace of individuals including Sardar Ishri Singh, Sardar Harji Ram and Rai Bahadur Sardar Nau Nihal Singh who were honorary magistrates in pre-Independence Hisar. Noteworthy individuals include the Lala Lajpat Rai (freedom fighter, elected member of Hisar municipal committee, founder of Hisar district congress (1986), Arya samaj (1986) and district bar council), Captain Abhimanyu Sindhu (entrepreneur, journalist, BJP national spokesperson and Minister in Haryana from Narnaund assembly constituency), late Dr. Gopi Chand Bhargava (First Chief Minister of joint Punjab), Om Prakash Jindal (former chairperson of Jindal Industries and Minister in Haryana government) and his wife Savitri Jindal (chairperson of Jindal Industries and Minister in Haryana government), Subhash Chandra (Chairman of Essel Group and Zee Network and BJP MP in Rajya Sabha), Amit Munjal, founder and CEO of Doctor Insta and Former CFO of Citi Holdings, Yash Tonk (Bollywood actor), Manish Joshi Bismil (theatre director), General V.K. Singh (Former Army Chief and Union Minister from BJP), General Dalbir Singh Suhag (former Army Chief) and Israr Ahmed (Islamic scholar from Pakistan, born in Hisar before independence).

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. pp. 85–86. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
  2. ↑ "Haryana grants second language status to Punjabi". Hindustan Times. Indo-Asian News Service. 28 January 2010. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
  3. ↑ "Hissar district of Haryana - Haryana Online - Website - Portal - India". Archived from the original on 3 January 2010. Retrieved 19 November 2009.
  4. ↑ Mukesh, Kumar (19 December 2025). "Hansi becomes district again after 193 years; city older than Hisar". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 19 March 2026.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  6. ↑ Pakistan: Soils, Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010, ... khaddar soils. Away from the river, toward the middle of the doabs, older alluvial soils (called bangar) are widely distributed ...
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 E. Walter Coward, 1980, "Irrigation and Agricultural Development in Asia: Perspectives from the social sciences", Cornell University press, page 302, ISBN 0801498716.
  8. ↑ https://archive.org/stream/imperialgazettee14grea/imperialgazettee14grea_djvu.txt "The imperial gazeteers of India, 1908"], British Raj, page 288.]
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 "Hisar gazetteer" (PDF). Haryana Gazetteers Organisation. pp. 7, 55. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
  10. ↑ 1987, "Gazeteers of Hisar district, 1987" Archived 7 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Government of Haryana, page 162.]
  11. ↑ Grove, Richard H. (2007), "The Great El Nino of 1789–93 and its Global Consequences: Reconstructing an Extreme Climate Even in World Environmental History", The Medieval History Journal, 10 (1&2): 75–98, doi:10.1177/097194580701000203, hdl:1885/51009, S2CID 162783898
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Fieldhouse, David (1996), "For Richer, for Poorer?", in Marshall, P. J. (ed.), The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 400, pp. 108–146, ISBN 0-521-00254-0
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 C.A.H. Townsend, Final report of thirds revised revenue settlement of Hisar district from 1905-1910, Gazetteer of Department of Revenue and Disaster Management, Haryana, point 22, page 11.
  14. ↑ Banerjee, Abhijit; Iyer, Lakshmi (January 2003). "Appendix Table 1: Districts of British India, With Dates and Mode of Acquisition by the British". History, Institutions and Economic Performance: The Legacy of Colonial Land Tenure Systems in India (BREAD Working Paper No. 003) (PDF). Bureau for Research in Economic Analysis of Development. p. 39.
  15. ↑ Naravane, M.S. (2014). Battles of the Honorourable East India Company. A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. pp. 65–66. ISBN 978-81-313-0034-3.
  16. ↑ Paxton, J. (23 December 2016). The Statesman's Year-Book 1970-71: The one-volume Encyclopaedia of all nations. Springer. p. 360. ISBN 978-0-230-27099-2.
  17. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  18. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Gambia, The 1,797,860 July 2011 est.
  19. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 1 January 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Nebraska 1,826,341
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Haryana". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India..
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Haryana". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  22. ↑ Times of India (24 November 2015). "Free burial grounds of encroachments: Panel to Wakf Board". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
  23. ↑ "Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. I." 1881. JSTOR saoa.crl.25057656. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
  24. ↑ "Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. II". 1881. p. 14. JSTOR saoa.crl.25057657. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
  25. ↑ "Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. III". 1881. p. 14. JSTOR saoa.crl.25057658. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
  26. ↑ Edward Maclagan, Sir (1891). "The Punjab and its feudatories, part II--Imperial Tables and Supplementary Returns for the British Territory". p. 14. JSTOR saoa.crl.25318669. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
  27. ↑ "Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province". 1901. p. 34. JSTOR saoa.crl.25363739. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  28. ↑ "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". 1911. p. 27. JSTOR saoa.crl.25393788. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  29. ↑ Kaul, Harikishan (1911). "Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II". p. 27. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables". 1921. p. 29. JSTOR saoa.crl.25430165. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  31. ↑ "Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". 1931. p. 277. JSTOR saoa.crl.25793242. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 India Census Commissioner (1941). "Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab". p. 42. JSTOR saoa.crl.28215541. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1931-1941: Including Ad-Dharmis
  2. ↑ Including Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Tribals, others, or not stated
  3. ↑ Including Anglo-Indian Christians, British Christians, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Tribals, others, or not stated

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