.svg)
Dum Dum: Difference between revisions
>SilkTork (→External links: Remove Britannica template from External links per WP:ELNO#1) |
WikiDwarfBOT (talk | contribs) (Cleanup: Source modification. Information added.) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Other uses|Dum Dum (disambiguation)}} | {{Other uses|Dum Dum (disambiguation)}} | ||
{{Distinguish|North | {{Distinguish|North Dum Dum|South Dum Dum}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name | | name = Dum Dum | ||
| other_name | | other_name = | ||
| settlement_type | | settlement_type = City | ||
| image_skyline | | image_skyline = Dum Dum, Jessore Road, Kolkata.jpg | ||
| image_alt | | image_alt = | ||
| image_caption | | image_caption = [[Jessore Road]], Dum Dum | ||
| nickname | | nickname = | ||
| map_alt | | map_alt = | ||
| map_caption | | map_caption = | ||
| pushpin_map | | pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India | ||
| pushpin_label_position | | pushpin_label_position = | ||
| pushpin_map_alt | | pushpin_map_alt = | ||
| pushpin_map_caption | | pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India | ||
| coordinates | | coordinates = {{coord|22.62|N|88.42|E|display=inline,title}} | ||
| subdivision_type | | subdivision_type = Country | ||
| subdivision_name | | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | ||
| subdivision_type1 | | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | ||
| subdivision_name1 | | subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]] | ||
| subdivision_type2 | | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]] | ||
| subdivision_name2 | | subdivision_name2 = [[North 24 Parganas]] | ||
| subdivision_type3 | | subdivision_type3 = Region | ||
| subdivision_name3 | | subdivision_name3 = [[Kolkata metropolitan area|Kolkata Metropolitan]] | ||
| subdivision_type4 | | subdivision_type4 = [[Kolkata Metro|Metro Station]] | ||
| subdivision_name4 | | subdivision_name4 = [[Dum Dum Cantonment metro station|Dum Dum Cantonment]] ''(under construction)'', [[Jessore Road metro station|Jessore Road]] ''(under construction)'' | ||
| established_title | | established_title = <!-- Established --> | ||
| established_date | | established_date = | ||
| founder | | founder = | ||
| named_for | | named_for = | ||
| government_type | | government_type = [[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipality]] | ||
| governing_body | | governing_body = Dum Dum Municipality<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dumdummunicipality.co.in/|title=Dum Dum Municipality|website=dumdummunicipality.co.in|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> | ||
| leader_title1 | | leader_title1 = Chairman | ||
| leader_name1 | | leader_name1 = Sri Harendra Singh [http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_Dum%20Dum%20Municipality.htm ] | ||
| leader_title2 | | leader_title2 = Vice-Chairman | ||
| leader_name2 | | leader_name2 = Sri Barun Natta [http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_Dum%20Dum%20Municipality.htm] | ||
| unit_pref | | unit_pref = Metric | ||
| area_footnotes | | area_footnotes = <ref name="auto"/> | ||
| area_rank | | area_rank = | ||
| area_total_km2 | | area_total_km2 = 9.73 | ||
| elevation_footnotes | | elevation_footnotes = | ||
| elevation_m | | elevation_m = 11 | ||
| population_total | | population_total = 114,786 | ||
| population_as_of | | population_as_of = 2011 | ||
| population_rank | | population_rank = | ||
| population_density_km2 | | population_density_km2 = auto | ||
| population_demonym | | population_demonym = | ||
| population_footnotes | | population_footnotes = | ||
| demographics_type1 | | demographics_type1 = Languages | ||
| demographics1_title1 | | demographics1_title1 = Official | ||
| demographics1_info1 | | demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner For Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=29 August 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref><ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=29 August 2019}}</ref> | ||
| demographics1_title2 | | demographics1_title2 = Additional official | ||
| demographics1_info2 | | demographics1_info2 = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/> | ||
| timezone1 | | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | ||
| utc_offset1 | | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | ||
| postal_code_type | | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | ||
| postal_code | | postal_code = 700028, 700079, 700080, 700081 | ||
| area_code_type | | area_code_type = Telephone code | ||
| area_code | | area_code = +91 33 | ||
| registration_plate | | registration_plate = WB | ||
| blank1_name_sec1 | | blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency | ||
| blank1_info_sec1 | | blank1_info_sec1 = [[Dum Dum (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dum Dum]] | ||
| blank2_name_sec1 | | blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency | ||
| blank2_info_sec1 | | blank2_info_sec1 = [[Dum Dum (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dum Dum]] | ||
| website | | website = {{URL|dumdummunicipality.co.in}}, {{URL|north24parganas.nic.in}} | ||
| footnotes | | footnotes = | ||
| official_name | | official_name = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Dum Dum''' is a city and a municipality of [[North 24 Parganas district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is | '''Dum Dum''' is a city and a municipality of [[North 24 Parganas district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is a part of the area covered by [[Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority]] (KMDA) and a vital locality in [[Kolkata Metropolitan Area]]. | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
During the 19th century the area was home to the [[Dum Dum Arsenal]], a British [[Royal Artillery]] facility. It was here that, in the early 1890s, Captain [[Neville Bertie-Clay]] developed a [[bullet]] with the jacket cut away at the tip to reveal its soft lead core (see [[hollow-point bullet]]), known informally as a [[dum-dum]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstworldwar.com/atoz/dumdum.htm|title=First World War.com - Encyclopedia - Dum-Dum Bullet|website=www.firstworldwar.com|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india9.com/i9show/Dum-Dum-62467.htm|title=Dum Dum in Kolkata India|website=www.india9.com | During the 19th century the area was home to the [[Dum Dum Arsenal]], a British [[Royal Artillery]] facility. It was here that, in the early 1890s, Captain [[Neville Bertie-Clay]] developed a [[bullet]] with the jacket cut away at the tip to reveal its soft lead core (see [[hollow-point bullet]]), known informally as a [[dum-dum]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstworldwar.com/atoz/dumdum.htm|title=First World War.com - Encyclopedia - Dum-Dum Bullet|website=www.firstworldwar.com|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india9.com/i9show/Dum-Dum-62467.htm|title=Dum Dum in Kolkata India|website=www.india9.com|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ambient.ca/cpunk/flipperammo.html|title=BlackHammer CyberPunk Project: F.I.D. AmmoList|website=www.ambient.ca|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.african-hunter.com/303_british.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103151053/http://www.african-hunter.com/303_british.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2008|title=303 British|date=3 January 2008|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6286562.stm|title=Gun crime: A glossary|date=12 November 2007|access-date=30 December 2019|via=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia| year = 2009 | title = Dum Dum | encyclopedia = Encyclopædia Britannica | url = http://www.search.eb.com/eb/article-9031421| access-date = 18 May 2009}}</ref> or more correctly as an expanding bullet. The previous name of Dum Dum was "Domdoma". | ||
Some resources claim that the Persian word damdama, which means "mound" or "elevated battery," is the source of the word Dum Dum.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Everett-Heath |first=John |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001/acref-9780191882913;jsessionid=1EB89C0AAD2F87201D4293DDA3ACD957 |title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names |date=2019-10-24 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-188291-3 |language=en-US |doi=10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001}}</ref> | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
Dum Dum was sparsely populated before the British came. The area was slightly elevated. On 6 February 1757, an accord was signed at Dum Dum by the [[Nawab of Bengal]] to allow the British to build forts at Calcutta, Dacca and Kashim Bazar. In 1783 a cantonment was established at Dum Dum. Military barracks were built and civilians started coming in to provide essential services to the military personnel. A Cantonment Board was formed to provide civic amenities. The ordnance factory was established at Dum Dum in 1846. It may be noted that both North | Dum Dum was sparsely populated before the British came. The area was slightly elevated. On 6 February 1757, an accord was signed at Dum Dum by the [[Nawab of Bengal]] to allow the British to build forts at Calcutta, Dacca and Kashim Bazar. In 1783 a cantonment was established at Dum Dum. Military barracks were built and civilians started coming in to provide essential services to the military personnel. A Cantonment Board was formed to provide civic amenities. The ordnance factory was established at Dum Dum in 1846. It may be noted that both North Dum Dum Municipality and South Dum Dum Municipality were established in 1870 thereby somewhat defining administratively the different parts of an earlier undefined Dum Dum "area".<ref name=history>{{cite web | url = https://dumdummunicipality.wordpress.com/ | title = Dum Dum Municipality | work = Chronicles of Dum Dum | publisher = DDM | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ordnancedumdum.gov.in/index.php | title = Ordnance Factory Dum Dum | work = History – Dum Dum Story | publisher = OFDD | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://northdumdummunicipality.org/ | title = North Dum Dum municipality | work = About us | publisher = NDM | access-date = 11 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_South%20dum%20dum%20Municipality.htm | title = South Dum Dum Municipality | publisher = Barrackpore administration | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> | ||
Dum Dum was a separate subdivision for a short period (See [[Barrackpore subdivision#History|Barrackpore subdivision]] for more information). During the early years of the cantonment the British waged several imperial wars, out of which the wars in Burma, Nepal, the Deccan and Afganisthan were costly in blood and lives. Two monuments were erected to commemorate their memory. During the 1857 disturbances the Indian sepoys posted at Dum Dum were affected and [[Mangal Pandey]] was hanged from a tree at Dum Dum cantonment (he/ his dead body was probably hanged at both Barrackpore and Dum Dum). Dum Dum cantonment was closed down and the Cantonment Board was replaced by Dum Dum Municipality in 1929. The temporary set back to Dum Dum arising from abolition of the cantonment and departure of British troops, was partially made up with the shifting of Jessop & Co. from Howrah to Dum Dum in 1928 and establishment of the Gramophone Company at Dum Dum in 1929. Bengal Flying Club, established in 1920, had a small fleet of single engine moth planes. The independence movement led to the sudden development of the Central Jail, where many top leaders and more numerous unknown patriots were lodged. The old military barracks made way for multi-storied jail barracks. The environment quite often reverberated with the chanting of ''[[Vande Mataram]]''.<ref name=history/> | Dum Dum was a separate subdivision for a short period (See [[Barrackpore subdivision#History|Barrackpore subdivision]] for more information). During the early years of the cantonment the British waged several imperial wars, out of which the wars in Burma, Nepal, the Deccan and Afganisthan were costly in blood and lives. Two monuments were erected to commemorate their memory. During the 1857 disturbances the Indian sepoys posted at Dum Dum were affected and [[Mangal Pandey]] was hanged from a tree at Dum Dum cantonment (he/ his dead body was probably hanged at both Barrackpore and Dum Dum). Dum Dum cantonment was closed down and the Cantonment Board was replaced by Dum Dum Municipality in 1929. The temporary set back to Dum Dum arising from abolition of the cantonment and departure of British troops, was partially made up with the shifting of Jessop & Co. from Howrah to Dum Dum in 1928 and establishment of the Gramophone Company at Dum Dum in 1929. Bengal Flying Club, established in 1920, had a small fleet of single engine moth planes. The independence movement led to the sudden development of the Central Jail, where many top leaders and more numerous unknown patriots were lodged. The old military barracks made way for multi-storied jail barracks. The environment quite often reverberated with the chanting of ''[[Vande Mataram]]''.<ref name=history/> | ||
With the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)|partition of Bengal]] in 1947, "millions of refugees poured in from erstwhile [[East Pakistan]]."<ref>Chatterjee, Monideep, "Town Planning in Calcutta: Past, Present and Future", in "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Page 142, First published 1990, 2005 edition, {{ISBN|0-19-563697-X}}</ref> In the initial stages bulk of the refugees were non-agriculturists. A few of them made their own arrangements, but "it was squatters who made the [[East Bengali refugees]] famous or infamous." Squatting (''jabardakhal'' in Bengali) ranged from the forcible occupation of barracks to the collective take-over of private, government and waste land. "This happened as early as 1948 with middle class refugees in the [[Jadavpur#History|Jadavpur]] area: first on government land and then on private property, leading to violent clashes. Having won the battle, the elated squatters named their colony ‘Bijaygarh’, the Fort of Victory." By 1949, there were 40 such colonies in Jadavpur, Kasba, Santoshpur, Garia and Behala, in the south-eastern part of the city, and 65 in the Dum Dum and Panihati zone in the north. Subsequently squatters colonies also came up along the west bank of the Hooghly and by 1950, there were 150 such colonies. It has to be borne in mind that the squatters were in a way "self-settlers" in the absence of adequate official arrangements for rehabilitation. Within a very short time the refugees (quite often with government/ administrative support) not only found a place to stay but developed a society with markets, schools, temples and sometimes even colleges, hospitals and recreational centres.<ref>Chatterjee, Nilanjana, "The East Bengal Refugees: A Lesson in Survival", in "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Pages 72-75, First published 1990, 2005 edition, {{ISBN|0-19-563697-X}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271664458 |title = The Myths Refugees Live By Memory and History of the Making of Bengali Refugee Identity |first=Uditi|last=Sen|journal = Modern Asian Studies|volume = 48|pages = 37–76| access-date = 5 March 2018|doi = 10.1017/S0026749X12000613 |year = 2014 |s2cid = 144297665 }}</ref> Efforts have been made in more recent years to regularise land/property rights in the refugee colonies.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://bangalnama.wordpress.com/2009/08/31/the-refugee-city-partition-and-kolkata%E2%80%99s-postcolonial-landscape/ |title = The Refugee City: Partition and Kolkata's Post-colonial landscape| publisher= Bangalnama, 31 August 2009| access-date = 13 March 2018|date = 31 August 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| url = https://www.academia.edu/2132220|title = Dilemas of Diaspora: Partition, Refugees and the Politics of 'Home'|journal = Pablo Bose | publisher= academia.edu| access-date = 13 March 2018|author1 = Bose}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/4m-refugees-entered-West-Bengal-after-1971/articleshow/660584.cms|title = 4m refugees entered West Bengal after 1971 |work = Nirmalya Banerjee | publisher= The Times of India, 11 August 2000| access-date = 13 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1080730/jsp/calcutta/story_9620602.jsp|title = Civic tax net on colony plots | publisher= 30 July 2008| access-date = 13 March 2018}}</ref> | With the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)|partition of Bengal]] in 1947, "millions of refugees poured in from erstwhile [[East Pakistan]]."<ref>Chatterjee, Monideep, "Town Planning in Calcutta: Past, Present and Future", in "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Page 142, First published 1990, 2005 edition, {{ISBN|0-19-563697-X}}</ref> In the initial stages bulk of the refugees were non-agriculturists. A few of them made their own arrangements, but "it was squatters who made the [[East Bengali refugees]] famous or infamous." Squatting (''jabardakhal'' in Bengali) ranged from the forcible occupation of barracks to the collective take-over of private, government and waste land. "This happened as early as 1948 with middle class refugees in the [[Jadavpur#History|Jadavpur]] area: first on government land and then on private property, leading to violent clashes. Having won the battle, the elated squatters named their colony ‘Bijaygarh’, the Fort of Victory." By 1949, there were 40 such colonies in Jadavpur, Kasba, Santoshpur, Garia and Behala, in the south-eastern part of the city, and 65 in the Dum Dum and Panihati zone in the north. Subsequently squatters colonies also came up along the west bank of the Hooghly and by 1950, there were 150 such colonies. It has to be borne in mind that the squatters were in a way "self-settlers" in the absence of adequate official arrangements for rehabilitation. Within a very short time the refugees (quite often with government/ administrative support) not only found a place to stay but developed a society with markets, schools, temples and sometimes even colleges, hospitals and recreational centres.<ref>Chatterjee, Nilanjana, "The East Bengal Refugees: A Lesson in Survival", in "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Pages 72-75, First published 1990, 2005 edition, {{ISBN|0-19-563697-X}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271664458 |title = The Myths Refugees Live By Memory and History of the Making of Bengali Refugee Identity |first=Uditi|last=Sen|journal = Modern Asian Studies|volume = 48|pages = 37–76| access-date = 5 March 2018|doi = 10.1017/S0026749X12000613 |year = 2014 |s2cid = 144297665 }}</ref> Efforts have been made in more recent years to regularise land/property rights in the refugee colonies.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://bangalnama.wordpress.com/2009/08/31/the-refugee-city-partition-and-kolkata%E2%80%99s-postcolonial-landscape/ |title = The Refugee City: Partition and Kolkata's Post-colonial landscape| publisher= Bangalnama, 31 August 2009| access-date = 13 March 2018|date = 31 August 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| url = https://www.academia.edu/2132220|title = Dilemas of Diaspora: Partition, Refugees and the Politics of 'Home'|journal = Pablo Bose | publisher= academia.edu| access-date = 13 March 2018|author1 = Bose}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/4m-refugees-entered-West-Bengal-after-1971/articleshow/660584.cms|title = 4m refugees entered West Bengal after 1971 |work = Nirmalya Banerjee | publisher= The Times of India, 11 August 2000| access-date = 13 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1080730/jsp/calcutta/story_9620602.jsp| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080920012855/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080730/jsp/calcutta/story_9620602.jsp| url-status = dead| archive-date = 20 September 2008|title = Civic tax net on colony plots | publisher= 30 July 2008| access-date = 13 March 2018}}</ref> | ||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
| Line 112: | Line 114: | ||
|mark-coord21={{coord|22|38|0|N|88|22|12|E}} | label-pos21=top|label21= Baranagar| numbered21=M| mark-title21= [[Baranagar]] (M) | |mark-coord21={{coord|22|38|0|N|88|22|12|E}} | label-pos21=top|label21= Baranagar| numbered21=M| mark-title21= [[Baranagar]] (M) | ||
|mark-coord22={{coord|22|38|45|N|88|25|56|E}} | label-pos22=left|label22= Dum Dum| numbered22=M| mark-title22= Dum Dum (M)|shape-color22=black| label-size22=13|label-color22=black <!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors --> | |mark-coord22={{coord|22|38|45|N|88|25|56|E}} | label-pos22=left|label22= Dum Dum| numbered22=M| mark-title22= Dum Dum (M)|shape-color22=black| label-size22=13|label-color22=black <!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors --> | ||
|mark-coord23={{coord|22|39|10|N|88|25|6|E}} | label-pos23=left|label23= North | |mark-coord23={{coord|22|39|10|N|88|25|6|E}} | label-pos23=left|label23= North Dum Dum| numbered23=M| mark-title23= [[North Dum Dum]] (M) | ||
|mark-coord24={{coord|22|37|45|N|88|24|0|E}} | label-pos24=bottom|label24= South | |mark-coord24={{coord|22|37|45|N|88|24|0|E}} | label-pos24=bottom|label24= South Dum Dum| numbered24=M| mark-title24= [[South Dum Dum]] (M) | ||
|mark-coord25={{coord|22|39|40|N|88|24|33|E}} | label-pos25=left|label25= Nimta| numbered25=N| mark-title25= [[Nimta]] (N)|shape-color25=#C42222 | |mark-coord25={{coord|22|39|40|N|88|24|33|E}} | label-pos25=left|label25= Nimta| numbered25=N| mark-title25= [[Nimta]] (N)|shape-color25=#C42222 | ||
|mark-coord26={{coord|22|43|20|N|88|24|48|E}} | label-pos26=right|label26= Karna Madhabpur| numbered26=N| mark-title26= [[Karna Madhabpur]] (N)|shape-color26=#C42222 | |mark-coord26={{coord|22|43|20|N|88|24|48|E}} | label-pos26=right|label26= Karna Madhabpur| numbered26=N| mark-title26= [[Karna Madhabpur]] (N)|shape-color26=#C42222 | ||
| Line 121: | Line 123: | ||
===Location=== | ===Location=== | ||
[[File:Dum Dum Municipal Water Tank - Mall Road - Kolkata 2012-04-22 2219.JPG|thumb|Dum Dum Municipal Water Tank, Mall Road]] | [[File:Dum Dum Municipal Water Tank - Mall Road - Kolkata 2012-04-22 2219.JPG|thumb|Dum Dum Municipal Water Tank, Mall Road]] | ||
Dum Dum is located at {{Coord|22.62|N|88.42|E|}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Dam_Dam.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Dam Dam, India|website=www.fallingrain.com|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 11 metres (36 [[foot (length)|feet]]). | Dum Dum is located at {{Coord|22.62|N|88.42|E|}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Dam_Dam.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Dam Dam, India|website=www.fallingrain.com|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 11 metres (36 [[foot (length)|feet]]). | ||
Dum Dum is bounded by [[North | Dum Dum is bounded by [[North Dum Dum]] (municipality) on the north and partly on the west, [[Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation]] area on the east and [[South Dum Dum]] (municipality) on the south and partly on the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf |title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Map of Barrackpore II CD Block on Page 379 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 19 July 2018}}</ref> | ||
96% of the population of [[Barrackpore subdivision]] (partly presented in the map alongside, all places marked on the map are linked in the full screen map) lives in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km<sup>2</sup> The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns.<ref name=handbook2013>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Tables 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 2 May 2018}}</ref> | 96% of the population of [[Barrackpore subdivision]] (partly presented in the map alongside, all places marked on the map are linked in the full screen map) lives in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km<sup>2</sup> The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns.<ref name=handbook2013>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Tables 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 2 May 2018}}</ref> | ||
| Line 133: | Line 134: | ||
===Police station=== | ===Police station=== | ||
'''Dum Dum police station''' under [[Barrackpore Police Commissionerate]] has jurisdiction over Dum Dum and parts of [[South | '''Dum Dum police station''' under [[Barrackpore Police Commissionerate]] has jurisdiction over Dum Dum and parts of [[South Dum Dum]] municipal areas.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Table 2.1 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 11 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://policewb.gov.in/wbp/bkp_commissionerate.php |title = Barrackpore Police Commissionerate | work= List of Police Stations with telephone numbers |publisher= West Bengal Police | access-date = 11 June 2018}}</ref> | ||
==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
{{ | {{Historical population | ||
| | | source = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/233-dum-dum.html#:~:text=Dum%20Dum%20Population%202023&text=The%20Dum%20Dum%20city%20is,population%20is%20estimated%20at%2019%2C356%2C000%20. |title=District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2021, Series 20, Part XII A |work=Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803 |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal |access-date=9 May 2023}}</ref> | ||
| 1931 | 5350 | |||
| 1941 | 7622 | |||
| 1951 | 14002 | |||
| 1961 | 20041 | |||
| 1971 | 31363 | |||
| 1981 | 33604 | |||
| 1991 | 40961 | |||
| 2001 | 101296 | |||
| 2011 | 114786 | |||
|2021|149000 }} | |||
}} | |||
===Population=== | ===Population=== | ||
Per the [[2011 Census of India]], Dum Dum had a total population of 114,786, of which 58,566 (51%) were males and 56,220 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 8,259. The total number of literates was 97,997 (91.99% of the population over 6 years).<ref name=census3-2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 7 June 2018 }}</ref> As of 2001 India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> | Per the [[2011 Census of India]], Dum Dum had a total population of 114,786, of which 58,566 (51%) were males and 56,220 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 8,259. The total number of literates was 97,997 (91.99% of the population over 6 years).<ref name=census3-2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 7 June 2018 }}</ref> As of 2001 India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Dum Dum had a population of 102,319. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Dum Dum has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: Male literacy is 85% and female literacy is 78%. In Dum Dum, 8% of the population is under 6 years of age. | ||
===Kolkata Urban Agglomeration=== | ===Kolkata Urban Agglomeration=== | ||
The following municipalities, census towns, and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of [[List of cities in West Bengal by population#Urban agglomeration|Kolkata Urban Agglomeration]] in the 2011 census: [[Kanchrapara]] (M), [[Jetia]] (CT), [[Halisahar]] (M), [[Balibhara]] (CT), [[Naihati]] (M), [[Bhatpara]] (M), [[Kaugachhi]] (CT), [[Garshyamnagar]] (CT), [[Garulia]] (M), [[Ichhapur Defence Estate]] (CT), [[North Barrackpur]] (M), [[Barrackpur Cantonment]] (CB), [[Barrackpore]] (M), [[Jafarpur]] (CT), [[Ruiya]] (CT), [[Titagarh]] (M), [[Khardaha]] (M), [[Bandipur, North 24 Parganas|Bandipur]] (CT), [[Panihati]] (M), [[Muragachha]] (CT) [[New Barrackpore]] (M), [[Chandpur, Ghola|Chandpur]] (CT), [[Talbandha]] (CT), [[Patulia]] (CT), [[Kamarhati]] (M), [[Baranagar]] (M), [[South | The following municipalities, census towns, and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of [[List of cities in West Bengal by population#Urban agglomeration|Kolkata Urban Agglomeration]] in the 2011 census: [[Kanchrapara]] (M), [[Jetia]] (CT), [[Halisahar]] (M), [[Balibhara]] (CT), [[Naihati]] (M), [[Bhatpara]] (M), [[Kaugachhi]] (CT), [[Garshyamnagar]] (CT), [[Garulia]] (M), [[Ichhapur Defence Estate]] (CT), [[North Barrackpur]] (M), [[Barrackpur Cantonment]] (CB), [[Barrackpore]] (M), [[Jafarpur]] (CT), [[Ruiya]] (CT), [[Titagarh]] (M), [[Khardaha]] (M), [[Bandipur, North 24 Parganas|Bandipur]] (CT), [[Panihati]] (M), [[Muragachha]] (CT) [[New Barrackpore]] (M), [[Chandpur, Ghola|Chandpur]] (CT), [[Talbandha]] (CT), [[Patulia]] (CT), [[Kamarhati]] (M), [[Baranagar]] (M), [[South Dum Dum]] (M), [[North Dum Dum]] (M), '''Dum Dum''' (M), [[Noapara, India|Noapara]] (CT), [[Babanpur]] (CT), [[Teghari]] (CT), [[Nanna, North 24 Parganas|Nanna]] (OG), Chakla (OG), Srotribati (OG), and [[Panpur]] (OG).<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | title= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | work= Constituents of Urban Agglomeration Having Population Above 1 Lakh |publisher= Census of India 2011 | access-date = 7 June 2018}}</ref> | ||
==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
| Line 179: | Line 162: | ||
* '''Ordnance Factory Dum Dum''' is a modern factory with unique high precision machining system such as [[Laser cutting]] Machine, [[Numerical control|CNC]] operated [[Injection moulding|Injection Moulding Machine]] and CNC Machines for carrying out stringent quality products. The factory was initiated when [[Robert Clive]] recaptured Calcutta from [[Siraj ud-Daulah]], the Nawab of Bengal, in 1757. It became the first development centre for defence stores in India established by the Royal forces. When the Gun & Shell Factory was established at [[Cossipore]] it worked in tandem with the Gun & Shell Factory. After the disastrous [[First Anglo-Afghan War]], the first Ammunition Factory in British India was set up here. It produced the [[Expanding bullet|dumdum bullets]]. The 1857 mutiny was sparked by inputs from this factory. The site was also used as a jail and many freedom fighters were hung here. Hearsay includes the [[Santal people|Santal]] leader [[Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu|Kanhu Murmu]]. The Ammunition Factory was shifted to Pune in 1869, but the ordnance factory continued to function at Dum Dum.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ordnancedumdum.gov.in/aboutus/about.php | title = Ordnance Factory Dum Dum| publisher = Indian Ordnance Factories | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> | * '''Ordnance Factory Dum Dum''' is a modern factory with unique high precision machining system such as [[Laser cutting]] Machine, [[Numerical control|CNC]] operated [[Injection moulding|Injection Moulding Machine]] and CNC Machines for carrying out stringent quality products. The factory was initiated when [[Robert Clive]] recaptured Calcutta from [[Siraj ud-Daulah]], the Nawab of Bengal, in 1757. It became the first development centre for defence stores in India established by the Royal forces. When the Gun & Shell Factory was established at [[Cossipore]] it worked in tandem with the Gun & Shell Factory. After the disastrous [[First Anglo-Afghan War]], the first Ammunition Factory in British India was set up here. It produced the [[Expanding bullet|dumdum bullets]]. The 1857 mutiny was sparked by inputs from this factory. The site was also used as a jail and many freedom fighters were hung here. Hearsay includes the [[Santal people|Santal]] leader [[Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu|Kanhu Murmu]]. The Ammunition Factory was shifted to Pune in 1869, but the ordnance factory continued to function at Dum Dum.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ordnancedumdum.gov.in/aboutus/about.php | title = Ordnance Factory Dum Dum| publisher = Indian Ordnance Factories | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> | ||
* '''[[Jessop & Company]]''', located at Dum Dum, is a leading engineering company since 1788, when Breen & Company was founded in Calcutta. In 1820, Henry and George, sons of [[William Jessop]], acquired, on behalf of [[Butterley Company]], Breen & Company. Butterley Company was founded in [[Derbyshire]], England. Butterley Company and Breen & Company merged to form Jessop & Company in 1820. The company was a pioneer in the engineering field and had many feathers in its cap. During 1815-40 it built the first iron bridge (loha-ka-pul) in India, across the Gomti at Lucknow. It floated the first steam boat in Indian waters in 1819, manufactured the first steam roller for Indian roads in 1890, and produced the first electrical multiple unit (EMU) coach for Indian railways in 1959. In 1973, the company was taken over by the Government of India and in 1986, it became a subsidiary of the holding company [[Bharat Bhari Udyog Nigam]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://jessop.co.in/about_us/history.php | title = Welcome to Jessop & Co. Ltd. | work = History | publisher = Jessop | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://jessop.co.in/pdf/jessop_ppt.pdf | title = Jessop & Co. Ltd., Kolkata| publisher = Jessop | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> In 2003, as part of the strategic disinvestment of the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]] government, the Kolkata-based Ruia Group, headed by Pawan Kumar Ruia, took charge of loss-making Jessop.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20091019-jessop-rebuilding-history-741062-2009-10-15 | title = Jessop Rebuilding History| first=Elora | last= Sen | publisher = India Today, 15 October 2009 | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> Pawan Kumar Ruia has successfully turned around Jessop.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.rediff.com/money/2005/nov/26spec3.htm | title = How Ruia turned Jessop around| work = Source: Business Standard | publisher = Rediff.com 26 November 2005| access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> | * '''[[Jessop & Company]]''', located at Dum Dum, is a leading engineering company since 1788, when Breen & Company was founded in Calcutta. In 1820, Henry and George, sons of [[William Jessop]], acquired, on behalf of [[Butterley Company]], Breen & Company. Butterley Company was founded in [[Derbyshire]], England. Butterley Company and Breen & Company merged to form Jessop & Company in 1820. The company was a pioneer in the engineering field and had many feathers in its cap. During 1815-40 it built the first iron bridge (loha-ka-pul) in India, across the Gomti at Lucknow. It floated the first steam boat in Indian waters in 1819, manufactured the first steam roller for Indian roads in 1890, and produced the first electrical multiple unit (EMU) coach for Indian railways in 1959. In 1973, the company was taken over by the Government of India and in 1986, it became a subsidiary of the holding company [[Bharat Bhari Udyog Nigam]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://jessop.co.in/about_us/history.php | title = Welcome to Jessop & Co. Ltd. | work = History | publisher = Jessop | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://jessop.co.in/pdf/jessop_ppt.pdf | title = Jessop & Co. Ltd., Kolkata| publisher = Jessop | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> In 2003, as part of the strategic disinvestment of the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]] government, the Kolkata-based Ruia Group, headed by Pawan Kumar Ruia, took charge of loss-making Jessop.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20091019-jessop-rebuilding-history-741062-2009-10-15 | title = Jessop Rebuilding History| first=Elora | last= Sen | publisher = India Today, 15 October 2009 | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> Pawan Kumar Ruia has successfully turned around Jessop.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.rediff.com/money/2005/nov/26spec3.htm | title = How Ruia turned Jessop around| work = Source: Business Standard | publisher = Rediff.com 26 November 2005| access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> | ||
* The Dum Dum recording studio of '''[[Saregama]]''', a part of the factory with production facilities, was established in 1928. It holds "around 30,000 master tapes of original Indian music recorded by the company since [[Gauhar Jaan]] sang [[Jogiya (raga)|''raga'' Jogiya]] in Kolkata and became the first Indian voice to be recorded on shellac disc in 1902." In the studio "text and photographs of artistes from Hindustani and Carnatic classical, Hindi and south Indian playback, devotional and Bengali music, who have recorded with the company, are also exhibited along with a copy of the original agreement that [[Rabindranath Tagore|Tagore]] signed with the company before cutting his first musical record at the Dum Dum studio in 1928." The tapes are in at least 19 major Indian languages. The collection includes speeches of [[Mahatma Gandhi]], [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] and [[Subhas Chandra Bose]]. In the world of music the list is too long for elaboration here but it includes the voice of [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]]. It is a simple, "You name it and it is there." Saregama of the [[RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group]] under the chairmanship of [[Sanjiv Goenka]], were the successors to the Gramophone Company of India (possibly better known for their [[His Master's Voice]] or [[HMV]] logo) was among the first overseas branches of the British record firm, [[EMI|Electric and Music Industries]] (EMI).<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/7CfWBoy2w5ezqPB5f4ndzM/The-house-of-vinyl.html | title = The house of vinyl | work = Kolkata Chromosome |first= Shamik|last= Bag| publisher = live mint, 23 September 2010 | access-date = 20 July 2018| date = 23 September 2010 }}</ref> | |||
* The Dum Dum recording studio of '''[[Saregama]]''', a part of the factory with production facilities, was established in 1928. It holds "around 30,000 master tapes of original Indian music recorded by the company since [[Gauhar Jaan]] sang [[Jogiya (raga)|''raga'' Jogiya]] in Kolkata and became the first Indian voice to be recorded on shellac disc in 1902." In the studio "text and photographs of artistes from Hindustani and Carnatic classical, Hindi and south Indian playback, devotional and Bengali music, who have recorded with the company, are also exhibited along with a copy of the original agreement that [[Rabindranath Tagore|Tagore]] signed with the company before cutting his first musical record at the Dum Dum studio in 1928." The tapes are in at least 19 major Indian languages. The collection includes speeches of [[Mahatma Gandhi]], [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] and [[Subhas Chandra Bose]]. In the world of music the list is too long for elaboration here but it includes the voice of [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]]. It is a simple, "You name it and it is there." Saregama of the [[RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group]] under the chairmanship of [[Sanjiv Goenka]], were the successors to the | |||
===Infrastructure=== | ===Infrastructure=== | ||
{{See also |Barrackpore subdivision#Municipal towns/ cities }} | {{See also |Barrackpore subdivision#Municipal towns/ cities }} | ||
As per the District Census Handbook 2011, Dum Dum | As per the District Census Handbook 2011, Dum Dum municipal city covered an area of 9.23 km<sup>2</sup>. Amongst the civic amenities it had open drains. Amongst the medical facilities It had 13 medicine shops. Amongst the educational facilities it had 31 primary schools, 10 secondary schools, 19 senior secondary schools, 1 degree college for arts/science/commerce and 77 non-formal education centres. Amongst the social, recreational and cultural facilities it had 10 auditorium/ community halls, 11 public libraries and 1 reading room. Amongst the commodities manufactured were rail wagons, gun and shell and music CD. It had 6 bank branches.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf | title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803; Statement II: Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, Pages 791-794; Statement III: Civic and other Amenities, Pages 795-796; Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 803-805 Section: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal |access-date = 31 May 2018}}</ref> | ||
===KMDA=== | ===KMDA=== | ||
| Line 202: | Line 183: | ||
Nagerbazar is the hub of autos where there are 4 routes originates viz: | Nagerbazar is the hub of autos where there are 4 routes originates viz: | ||
# Nagerbazar | # Nagerbazar – Dum Dum Junction | ||
# Nagerbazar | # Nagerbazar – Dum Dum Cantt | ||
# Nagerbazar | # Nagerbazar – Airport 1 no. gate | ||
# Nagerbazar | # Nagerbazar – Laketown | ||
In addition, there are taxis: Nagerbazar and Dum Dum Airport are the largest taxi stands. The other popular means of travel over short distances is the rickshaw, newly battery operated rickshaws/e-rickshaws (locally called Totos) can also be seen. | In addition, there are taxis: Nagerbazar and Dum Dum Airport are the largest taxi stands. The other popular means of travel over short distances is the rickshaw, newly battery operated rickshaws/e-rickshaws (locally called Totos) can also be seen. | ||
==Education== | ==Education== | ||
{{See also |North | {{See also |North Dum Dum#Education |South Dum Dum#Education }} | ||
The following institutions are located in Dum Dum | The following institutions are located in Dum Dum: | ||
*[[Sarojini Naidu College for Women]] was established at Dum Dum in 1956. It offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, geography, history, philosophy, political science, economics, botany, chemistry, mathematics, philosophy, zoology and anthropology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sncwgs.ac.in/academics/admission/|title=Sarojini Naidu College for Women|publisher=SNCW|access-date=8 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collegeadmission.in/Sarojini_Naidu_College_for_Women/Sarojini_Naidu_College_for_Women.shtml|title=Sarojini Naidu College for Women|publisher=College Admission|access-date=8 May 2018}}</ref> | * [[Sarojini Naidu College for Women]] was established at Dum Dum in 1956. It offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, geography, history, philosophy, political science, economics, botany, chemistry, mathematics, philosophy, zoology and anthropology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sncwgs.ac.in/academics/admission/|title=Sarojini Naidu College for Women|publisher=SNCW|access-date=8 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collegeadmission.in/Sarojini_Naidu_College_for_Women/Sarojini_Naidu_College_for_Women.shtml|title=Sarojini Naidu College for Women|publisher=College Admission|access-date=8 May 2018}}</ref> | ||
*[[Kendriya Vidyalaya|Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory]] Dum Dum was established in 1986, for the children of employees of the Ordnance Factory Dum Dum, defence personnel and other central government offices. It has arrangements for teaching from Classes I to XII. A co-educational day school, it functions under [[Kendriya Vidyalaya|Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangthan]] and prepares students for CBSE examinations through Hindi and English mediums.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kvofdumdum.in/english-genesis | title = Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory Dum Dum | publisher = KDOFDD | * [[Kendriya Vidyalaya|Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory]] Dum Dum was established in 1986, for the children of employees of the Ordnance Factory Dum Dum, defence personnel and other central government offices. It has arrangements for teaching from Classes I to XII. A co-educational day school, it functions under [[Kendriya Vidyalaya|Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangthan]] and prepares students for CBSE examinations through Hindi and English mediums.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kvofdumdum.in/english-genesis | title = Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory Dum Dum | publisher = KDOFDD | access-date = 29 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.schoolmykids.com/school/kendriya-vidyalaya-ordnance-factory-dum-dum-kolkata-kolkata-west-bengal/ | title = Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory Dum Dum | publisher = schoolmykids | access-date = 29 July 2018}}</ref> | ||
*[[Auxilium Convent School]] at Rajbari, Dum Dum, is an English-medium girls only school run by Salesian Sisters. Established in 1960, it prepares students for the ISC and ICSE examinations. Admission eligibility for LKG is 3 years age on 31 March.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://schoolconnects.in/auxilium-convent-school-dum-dum | title = Auxilium Convent School, Dum Dum| publisher = School Connects | access-date = 29 July 2018}}</ref> | * [[Auxilium Convent School]] at Rajbari, Dum Dum, is an English-medium girls only school run by Salesian Sisters. Established in 1960, it prepares students for the ISC and ICSE examinations. Admission eligibility for LKG is 3 years age on 31 March.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://schoolconnects.in/auxilium-convent-school-dum-dum | title = Auxilium Convent School, Dum Dum| publisher = School Connects | access-date = 29 July 2018}}</ref> | ||
*[[St. Mary's Orphanage & Day School, Kolkata]] at Dum Dum road near Dum Dum station. It is a convent school run by the missionaries of Ireland. This school was one of oldest schools in West Bengal and also one of the biggest. Its campus contains 2 big fields and a basketball court, swimming pool, ice skating rink. This school was founded by Edmund Ignatius Rise in 1848. This school was earlier an hostel but it was withdrawn in 2004. This school has 4 houses. Eventually Mother Teresa was a teacher in this school of Geography and History. Presently the school principal is Br. Placid Herniquess. | * [[St. Mary's Orphanage & Day School, Kolkata]] at Dum Dum road near Dum Dum station. It is a convent school run by the missionaries of Ireland. This school was one of oldest schools in West Bengal and also one of the biggest. Its campus contains 2 big fields and a basketball court, swimming pool, ice skating rink. This school was founded by Edmund Ignatius Rise in 1848. This school was earlier an hostel but it was withdrawn in 2004. This school has 4 houses. Eventually Mother Teresa was a teacher in this school of Geography and History. Presently the school principal is Br. Placid Herniquess. | ||
==Healthcare== | ==Healthcare== | ||
Dum Dum Municipal Specialised Hospital at 4 Hari Mohan Dutta Road, Dum Dum Cantonment, has been modernised and updated with the objective of offering treatment on par with the best medical facilities in Kolkata. It has 105 beds. It has experienced doctors (4 doctors are available round-the-clock), qualified nurses, technicians and staff. It specialises in pace-maker implantation, total knee replacement, spinal surgery and has cardiac ambulance facility.<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal | Dum Dum Municipal Specialised Hospital at 4 Hari Mohan Dutta Road, Dum Dum Cantonment, has been modernised and updated with the objective of offering treatment on par with the best medical facilities in Kolkata. It has 105 beds. It has experienced doctors (4 doctors are available round-the-clock), qualified nurses, technicians and staff. It specialises in pace-maker implantation, total knee replacement, spinal surgery and has cardiac ambulance facility.<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 23 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://ddmsh.com/ | title = Highlights of the Three Year Old | publisher = Dum Dum Municipal Specialised Hospital | access-date = 20 July 2018}}</ref> | ||
Dum Dum Central Jail Hospital functions with 100 beds.<ref name=medical/> | Dum Dum Central Jail Hospital functions with 100 beds.<ref name=medical/> | ||
== See also == | ==See also== | ||
* [[Dum Dum Arsenal]] | * [[Dum Dum Arsenal]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Expanding bullet|Dum-dum bullets]] | ||
* [[Dum-dum fever]] | * [[Leishmaniasis|Dum-dum fever]] | ||
* [[List of reduplicated place names]] | * [[List of reduplicated place names]] | ||
| Line 235: | Line 214: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* | * | ||
* [http://www.calcuttaairport.com/ Kolkata Airport (CCU)] | * [http://www.calcuttaairport.com/ Kolkata Airport (CCU)] | ||
| Line 247: | Line 226: | ||
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]] | [[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]] | ||
[[Category:Kolkata Metropolitan Area]] | [[Category:Kolkata Metropolitan Area]] | ||
[[Category:Cities in West Bengal]] | |||
Latest revision as of 06:03, 22 July 2023
Dum Dum | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Jessore Road, Dum Dum | |
  Dum Dum Location in West Bengal, India  Dum Dum Dum Dum (India) | |
| Coordinates: 22°37′N 88°25′E / 22.62°N 88.42°ECoordinates: 22°37′N 88°25′E / 22.62°N 88.42°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | North 24 Parganas |
| Region | Kolkata Metropolitan |
| Metro Station | Dum Dum Cantonment (under construction), Jessore Road (under construction) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Body | Dum Dum Municipality[1] |
| • Chairman | Sri Harendra Singh [1] |
| • Vice-Chairman | Sri Barun Natta [2] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 9.73 km2 (3.76 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 11 m (36 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 114,786 |
| • Density | 12,000/km2 (31,000/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali[2][3] |
| • Additional official | English[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 700028, 700079, 700080, 700081 |
| Telephone code | +91 33 |
| Vehicle registration | WB |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Dum Dum |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Dum Dum |
| Website | dumdummunicipality |
Dum Dum is a city and a municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) and a vital locality in Kolkata Metropolitan Area.
Etymology[edit]
During the 19th century the area was home to the Dum Dum Arsenal, a British Royal Artillery facility. It was here that, in the early 1890s, Captain Neville Bertie-Clay developed a bullet with the jacket cut away at the tip to reveal its soft lead core (see hollow-point bullet), known informally as a dum-dum[4][5][6][7][8][9] or more correctly as an expanding bullet. The previous name of Dum Dum was "Domdoma".
Some resources claim that the Persian word damdama, which means "mound" or "elevated battery," is the source of the word Dum Dum.[10]
History[edit]
Dum Dum was sparsely populated before the British came. The area was slightly elevated. On 6 February 1757, an accord was signed at Dum Dum by the Nawab of Bengal to allow the British to build forts at Calcutta, Dacca and Kashim Bazar. In 1783 a cantonment was established at Dum Dum. Military barracks were built and civilians started coming in to provide essential services to the military personnel. A Cantonment Board was formed to provide civic amenities. The ordnance factory was established at Dum Dum in 1846. It may be noted that both North Dum Dum Municipality and South Dum Dum Municipality were established in 1870 thereby somewhat defining administratively the different parts of an earlier undefined Dum Dum "area".[11][12][13][14]
Dum Dum was a separate subdivision for a short period (See Barrackpore subdivision for more information). During the early years of the cantonment the British waged several imperial wars, out of which the wars in Burma, Nepal, the Deccan and Afganisthan were costly in blood and lives. Two monuments were erected to commemorate their memory. During the 1857 disturbances the Indian sepoys posted at Dum Dum were affected and Mangal Pandey was hanged from a tree at Dum Dum cantonment (he/ his dead body was probably hanged at both Barrackpore and Dum Dum). Dum Dum cantonment was closed down and the Cantonment Board was replaced by Dum Dum Municipality in 1929. The temporary set back to Dum Dum arising from abolition of the cantonment and departure of British troops, was partially made up with the shifting of Jessop & Co. from Howrah to Dum Dum in 1928 and establishment of the Gramophone Company at Dum Dum in 1929. Bengal Flying Club, established in 1920, had a small fleet of single engine moth planes. The independence movement led to the sudden development of the Central Jail, where many top leaders and more numerous unknown patriots were lodged. The old military barracks made way for multi-storied jail barracks. The environment quite often reverberated with the chanting of Vande Mataram.[11]
With the partition of Bengal in 1947, "millions of refugees poured in from erstwhile East Pakistan."[15] In the initial stages bulk of the refugees were non-agriculturists. A few of them made their own arrangements, but "it was squatters who made the East Bengali refugees famous or infamous." Squatting (jabardakhal in Bengali) ranged from the forcible occupation of barracks to the collective take-over of private, government and waste land. "This happened as early as 1948 with middle class refugees in the Jadavpur area: first on government land and then on private property, leading to violent clashes. Having won the battle, the elated squatters named their colony ‘Bijaygarh’, the Fort of Victory." By 1949, there were 40 such colonies in Jadavpur, Kasba, Santoshpur, Garia and Behala, in the south-eastern part of the city, and 65 in the Dum Dum and Panihati zone in the north. Subsequently squatters colonies also came up along the west bank of the Hooghly and by 1950, there were 150 such colonies. It has to be borne in mind that the squatters were in a way "self-settlers" in the absence of adequate official arrangements for rehabilitation. Within a very short time the refugees (quite often with government/ administrative support) not only found a place to stay but developed a society with markets, schools, temples and sometimes even colleges, hospitals and recreational centres.[16][17] Efforts have been made in more recent years to regularise land/property rights in the refugee colonies.[18][19][20][21]
Geography[edit]
| Cities and towns in the southern portion of Barrackpore subdivision in North 24 Parganas district M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town, N: neighbourhood/ administrative location Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly |
Location[edit]
Dum Dum is located at 22°37′N 88°25′E / 22.62°N 88.42°E.[22] It has an average elevation of 11 metres (36 feet).
Dum Dum is bounded by North Dum Dum (municipality) on the north and partly on the west, Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation area on the east and South Dum Dum (municipality) on the south and partly on the west.[23]
96% of the population of Barrackpore subdivision (partly presented in the map alongside, all places marked on the map are linked in the full screen map) lives in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km2 The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns.[24]
For most of the cities/ towns information regarding density of population is available in the Infobox. Population data is not available for neighbourhoods. It is available for the entire municipal area and thereafter ward-wise.
Police station[edit]
Dum Dum police station under Barrackpore Police Commissionerate has jurisdiction over Dum Dum and parts of South Dum Dum municipal areas.[25][26]
Demographics[edit]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1931 | 5,350 | — |
| 1941 | 7,622 | +42.5% |
| 1951 | 14,002 | +83.7% |
| 1961 | 20,041 | +43.1% |
| 1971 | 31,363 | +56.5% |
| 1981 | 33,604 | +7.1% |
| 1991 | 40,961 | +21.9% |
| 2001 | 101,296 | +147.3% |
| 2011 | 114,786 | +13.3% |
| 2021 | 149,000 | +29.8% |
| Source: [27] | ||
Population[edit]
Per the 2011 Census of India, Dum Dum had a total population of 114,786, of which 58,566 (51%) were males and 56,220 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 8,259. The total number of literates was 97,997 (91.99% of the population over 6 years).[28] As of 2001 India census,[29] Dum Dum had a population of 102,319. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Dum Dum has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: Male literacy is 85% and female literacy is 78%. In Dum Dum, 8% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Kolkata Urban Agglomeration[edit]
The following municipalities, census towns, and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration in the 2011 census: Kanchrapara (M), Jetia (CT), Halisahar (M), Balibhara (CT), Naihati (M), Bhatpara (M), Kaugachhi (CT), Garshyamnagar (CT), Garulia (M), Ichhapur Defence Estate (CT), North Barrackpur (M), Barrackpur Cantonment (CB), Barrackpore (M), Jafarpur (CT), Ruiya (CT), Titagarh (M), Khardaha (M), Bandipur (CT), Panihati (M), Muragachha (CT) New Barrackpore (M), Chandpur (CT), Talbandha (CT), Patulia (CT), Kamarhati (M), Baranagar (M), South Dum Dum (M), North Dum Dum (M), Dum Dum (M), Noapara (CT), Babanpur (CT), Teghari (CT), Nanna (OG), Chakla (OG), Srotribati (OG), and Panpur (OG).[30]
Economy[edit]
Industry[edit]
The following industrial units are located in Dum Dum:
- Ordnance Factory Dum Dum is a modern factory with unique high precision machining system such as Laser cutting Machine, CNC operated Injection Moulding Machine and CNC Machines for carrying out stringent quality products. The factory was initiated when Robert Clive recaptured Calcutta from Siraj ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, in 1757. It became the first development centre for defence stores in India established by the Royal forces. When the Gun & Shell Factory was established at Cossipore it worked in tandem with the Gun & Shell Factory. After the disastrous First Anglo-Afghan War, the first Ammunition Factory in British India was set up here. It produced the dumdum bullets. The 1857 mutiny was sparked by inputs from this factory. The site was also used as a jail and many freedom fighters were hung here. Hearsay includes the Santal leader Kanhu Murmu. The Ammunition Factory was shifted to Pune in 1869, but the ordnance factory continued to function at Dum Dum.[31]
- Jessop & Company, located at Dum Dum, is a leading engineering company since 1788, when Breen & Company was founded in Calcutta. In 1820, Henry and George, sons of William Jessop, acquired, on behalf of Butterley Company, Breen & Company. Butterley Company was founded in Derbyshire, England. Butterley Company and Breen & Company merged to form Jessop & Company in 1820. The company was a pioneer in the engineering field and had many feathers in its cap. During 1815-40 it built the first iron bridge (loha-ka-pul) in India, across the Gomti at Lucknow. It floated the first steam boat in Indian waters in 1819, manufactured the first steam roller for Indian roads in 1890, and produced the first electrical multiple unit (EMU) coach for Indian railways in 1959. In 1973, the company was taken over by the Government of India and in 1986, it became a subsidiary of the holding company Bharat Bhari Udyog Nigam.[32][33] In 2003, as part of the strategic disinvestment of the NDA government, the Kolkata-based Ruia Group, headed by Pawan Kumar Ruia, took charge of loss-making Jessop.[34] Pawan Kumar Ruia has successfully turned around Jessop.[35]
- The Dum Dum recording studio of Saregama, a part of the factory with production facilities, was established in 1928. It holds "around 30,000 master tapes of original Indian music recorded by the company since Gauhar Jaan sang raga Jogiya in Kolkata and became the first Indian voice to be recorded on shellac disc in 1902." In the studio "text and photographs of artistes from Hindustani and Carnatic classical, Hindi and south Indian playback, devotional and Bengali music, who have recorded with the company, are also exhibited along with a copy of the original agreement that Tagore signed with the company before cutting his first musical record at the Dum Dum studio in 1928." The tapes are in at least 19 major Indian languages. The collection includes speeches of Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose. In the world of music the list is too long for elaboration here but it includes the voice of Kazi Nazrul Islam. It is a simple, "You name it and it is there." Saregama of the RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group under the chairmanship of Sanjiv Goenka, were the successors to the Gramophone Company of India (possibly better known for their His Master's Voice or HMV logo) was among the first overseas branches of the British record firm, Electric and Music Industries (EMI).[36]
Infrastructure[edit]
As per the District Census Handbook 2011, Dum Dum municipal city covered an area of 9.23 km2. Amongst the civic amenities it had open drains. Amongst the medical facilities It had 13 medicine shops. Amongst the educational facilities it had 31 primary schools, 10 secondary schools, 19 senior secondary schools, 1 degree college for arts/science/commerce and 77 non-formal education centres. Amongst the social, recreational and cultural facilities it had 10 auditorium/ community halls, 11 public libraries and 1 reading room. Amongst the commodities manufactured were rail wagons, gun and shell and music CD. It had 6 bank branches.[37]
KMDA[edit]
Dum Dum municipality is included in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area for which the KMDA is the statutory planning and development authority.[38][39]
Transport[edit]
Dum Dum Cantonment and Durganagar railway stations are on the Sealdah-Bangaon line.[40]
NH 12 (previously NH 34) running from Dalkhola to Bakkhali, locally popular as Jessore Road, passes through Dum Dum.[41]
A large number of Buses ply along Jessore road: 3C/1, 3C/2, 30D, 79B, 91, 91A, 93, 211A, 219, DN8, DN18, S10, Esplanade-Central Jail Mini, Bagbazar-Birohi, R.G.Kar-Barasat, Rajchandrapur-Saltlake white bus etc. The minor road on which bus plies is Gorabazar-Dum Dum Cantonment Road (30D).
Travel within Dum Dum and South Dum Dum[edit]
There are a plenty of blue-yellow private buses, mini-buses and taxis, as well as a few WBTC buses in Dum Dum. Autos are plentiful and can be used for short stretches. Nagerbazar is the hub of autos where there are 4 routes originates viz:
- Nagerbazar – Dum Dum Junction
- Nagerbazar – Dum Dum Cantt
- Nagerbazar – Airport 1 no. gate
- Nagerbazar – Laketown
In addition, there are taxis: Nagerbazar and Dum Dum Airport are the largest taxi stands. The other popular means of travel over short distances is the rickshaw, newly battery operated rickshaws/e-rickshaws (locally called Totos) can also be seen.
Education[edit]
The following institutions are located in Dum Dum:
- Sarojini Naidu College for Women was established at Dum Dum in 1956. It offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, geography, history, philosophy, political science, economics, botany, chemistry, mathematics, philosophy, zoology and anthropology.[42][43]
- Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory Dum Dum was established in 1986, for the children of employees of the Ordnance Factory Dum Dum, defence personnel and other central government offices. It has arrangements for teaching from Classes I to XII. A co-educational day school, it functions under Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangthan and prepares students for CBSE examinations through Hindi and English mediums.[44][45]
- Auxilium Convent School at Rajbari, Dum Dum, is an English-medium girls only school run by Salesian Sisters. Established in 1960, it prepares students for the ISC and ICSE examinations. Admission eligibility for LKG is 3 years age on 31 March.[46]
- St. Mary's Orphanage & Day School, Kolkata at Dum Dum road near Dum Dum station. It is a convent school run by the missionaries of Ireland. This school was one of oldest schools in West Bengal and also one of the biggest. Its campus contains 2 big fields and a basketball court, swimming pool, ice skating rink. This school was founded by Edmund Ignatius Rise in 1848. This school was earlier an hostel but it was withdrawn in 2004. This school has 4 houses. Eventually Mother Teresa was a teacher in this school of Geography and History. Presently the school principal is Br. Placid Herniquess.
Healthcare[edit]
Dum Dum Municipal Specialised Hospital at 4 Hari Mohan Dutta Road, Dum Dum Cantonment, has been modernised and updated with the objective of offering treatment on par with the best medical facilities in Kolkata. It has 105 beds. It has experienced doctors (4 doctors are available round-the-clock), qualified nurses, technicians and staff. It specialises in pace-maker implantation, total knee replacement, spinal surgery and has cardiac ambulance facility.[47][48]
Dum Dum Central Jail Hospital functions with 100 beds.[47]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Dum Dum Municipality". dumdummunicipality.co.in. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ↑ "52nd Report of the Commissioner For Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 85. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Fact and Figures". Wb.gov.in. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
- ↑ "First World War.com - Encyclopedia - Dum-Dum Bullet". www.firstworldwar.com. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ↑ "Dum Dum in Kolkata India". www.india9.com. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ↑ "BlackHammer CyberPunk Project: F.I.D. AmmoList". www.ambient.ca. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ↑ "303 British". 3 January 2008. Archived from the original on 3 January 2008. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ↑ "Gun crime: A glossary". 12 November 2007. Retrieved 30 December 2019 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
- ↑ "Dum Dum". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. Retrieved 18 May 2009.
- ↑ Everett-Heath, John (24 October 2019). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-188291-3.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Dum Dum Municipality". Chronicles of Dum Dum. DDM. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ "Ordnance Factory Dum Dum". History – Dum Dum Story. OFDD. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ "North Dum Dum municipality". About us. NDM. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
- ↑ "South Dum Dum Municipality". Barrackpore administration. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ Chatterjee, Monideep, "Town Planning in Calcutta: Past, Present and Future", in "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Page 142, First published 1990, 2005 edition, ISBN 0-19-563697-X
- ↑ Chatterjee, Nilanjana, "The East Bengal Refugees: A Lesson in Survival", in "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Pages 72-75, First published 1990, 2005 edition, ISBN 0-19-563697-X
- ↑ Sen, Uditi (2014). "The Myths Refugees Live By Memory and History of the Making of Bengali Refugee Identity". Modern Asian Studies. 48: 37–76. doi:10.1017/S0026749X12000613. S2CID 144297665. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
- ↑ "The Refugee City: Partition and Kolkata's Post-colonial landscape". Bangalnama, 31 August 2009. 31 August 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ↑ Bose. "Dilemas of Diaspora: Partition, Refugees and the Politics of 'Home'". Pablo Bose. academia.edu. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ↑ "4m refugees entered West Bengal after 1971". Nirmalya Banerjee. The Times of India, 11 August 2000. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ↑ "Civic tax net on colony plots". 30 July 2008. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ↑ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Dam Dam, India". www.fallingrain.com. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Map of Barrackpore II CD Block on Page 379. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
- ↑ "District Statistical Handbook". North 24 Parganas 2013, Tables 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
- ↑ "District Statistical Handbook". North 24 Parganas 2013, Table 2.1. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
- ↑ "Barrackpore Police Commissionerate". List of Police Stations with telephone numbers. West Bengal Police. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2021, Series 20, Part XII A". Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803. Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
- ↑ "2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables". West Bengal – District-wise. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
- ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011" (PDF). Constituents of Urban Agglomeration Having Population Above 1 Lakh. Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
- ↑ "Ordnance Factory Dum Dum". Indian Ordnance Factories. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ "Welcome to Jessop & Co. Ltd". History. Jessop. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ "Jessop & Co. Ltd., Kolkata" (PDF). Jessop. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ Sen, Elora. "Jessop Rebuilding History". India Today, 15 October 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ "How Ruia turned Jessop around". Source: Business Standard. Rediff.com 26 November 2005. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ Bag, Shamik (23 September 2010). "The house of vinyl". Kolkata Chromosome. live mint, 23 September 2010. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803; Statement II: Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, Pages 791-794; Statement III: Civic and other Amenities, Pages 795-796; Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 803-805 Section: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities. Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ "Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authoity, Annual Report 2010-11". 1/1 Kolkata Metropolitan Area Map. KMDA. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
- ↑ "Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority, Annual Report 2010-11". 1 / 2 Role of KMDA. KMDA. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
- ↑ "33811 Seldah Bangaon Local". Time Table. indiarailinfo. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
- ↑ "Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways" (PDF). New Delhi: Department of Road Transport and Highways. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
- ↑ "Sarojini Naidu College for Women". SNCW. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
- ↑ "Sarojini Naidu College for Women". College Admission. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
- ↑ "Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory Dum Dum". KDOFDD. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
- ↑ "Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory Dum Dum". schoolmykids. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
- ↑ "Auxilium Convent School, Dum Dum". School Connects. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
- ↑ 47.0 47.1 "Health & Family Welfare Department". Health Statistics. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- ↑ "Highlights of the Three Year Old". Dum Dum Municipal Specialised Hospital. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
External links[edit]
Cities, towns, locations and neighbourhoods in North 24 Parganas district | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Municipal cities/ towns and Census towns | |||||||||
| Locations other than cities and towns |
| ||||||||
| Neighbourhoods of other cities and towns in the district | |||||||||
| Related topics | |||||||||
