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{{Use Indian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name              = Budaun                      
| name              = Budaun
<!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->| settlement_type    = City
<!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->| settlement_type    = City
| image_skyline      = Jama Masjid Shamsi, Badaun.jpg
| image_skyline      = Bhamashah Chowk Budaun 01.jpg
| image_alt          =  
| image_alt          =  
| image_caption      = [[Jama Masjid Shamsi]] [[Badaun]]
| image_caption      = Bhamashah Chowk, Budaun
| pushpin_map        = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_map        = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = Right
| pushpin_label_position = Right
Line 29: Line 29:
| governing_body    = Budaun Municipal Council
| governing_body    = Budaun Municipal Council
| leader_title1      = Chairman
| leader_title1      = Chairman
| leader_name1      = Deepmala Goyal
| leader_name1      = Fatma Raza
| unit_pref          = Metric
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_footnotes    =  
| area_footnotes    =  
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| blank1_name_sec2  = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_name_sec2  = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2  = [[Climatic regions of India|HS-TH]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| blank1_info_sec2  = [[Climatic regions of India|HS-TH]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| website            = http://www.badaun.nic.in/
| website            = {{URL|http://www.badaun.nic.in/}}
| footnotes          = Also known as 'City of Saints' or 'Madinat ul Awliya', famous for its Pedas, 'Mentha City' of India.
| footnotes          = Also known as 'City of Saints' or 'Madinat ul Awliya', famous for its Pedas, 'Mentha City' of India.
| leader_title2      = [[Member of Parliament (India)|MP]]
| leader_title2      = [[Member of Parliament (India)|MP]]
| leader_name2      = [[Sanghmitra Maurya]]
| leader_name2      = [[Aditya Yadav]]
| leader_title3      = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| leader_title3      = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| leader_name3      = [[Mahesh Chandra Gupta]]
| leader_name3      = [[Mahesh Chandra Gupta]]
Line 86: Line 86:
| leader_name4      =  
| leader_name4      =  
}}
}}
'''Budaun''' ([[Hindi–Urdu transliteration|romanised]]: Badāʾūn or Badāyūn, pronounced [[Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu|bədaːjuː]]) is a medieval city and headquarters of [[Budaun district]],<ref name="District census">{{cite web | url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/520-budaun.html | title=Budaun District : Census 2011 data | publisher=Indian Census 2011 | access-date=17 January 2014}}</ref> [[Uttar Pradesh]], India. It is located about a mile east of the [[Sot River|Sot river]], and 27&nbsp;km north of the river [[Ganges river|Ganges]],<ref name="badaun.nic.in">{{Cite web |url=http://badaun.nic.in/ |title=Nic Budaun Welcomes You |access-date=21 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721163216/http://badaun.nic.in/ |archive-date=21 July 2011 |url-status=dead  }}</ref> in the [[Rohilkhand]] [[Rohilkhand#/media/File:UP region map.gif|region of Uttar Pradesh]]. According to the [[List of cities in India by population|2011 census]], it has a total population of 159,221, which is projected at 161,555 at present.<ref>{{Cite web |last=World Population Review |title=Population of Cities in India 2023 |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/cities/india}}</ref> Budaun rose to historical importance as the capital of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] for four years from 1210 CE to 1214 CE during the reign of [[Sultan]] [[Iltutmish]]. It was the most important post of Northern Frontier during [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] reign. Budaun is a big market, historically famous and religiously important city. Budaun is 230&nbsp;km south-east of [[New Delhi]] and 245&nbsp;km north-west of Lucknow, both taking about 6 hours by road.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/distance/new-delhi-to-badaun.html|title=Distance between New Delhi and Badaun, New Delhi to Badaun Distance}}</ref>
'''Budaun''' ([[Hindi–Urdu transliteration|romanised]]: Badāʾūn or Badāyūn, {{IPA|hi|bəd̪aːjũː}}) is a medieval city and headquarters of [[Budaun district]],<ref name="District census">{{cite web | url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/520-budaun.html | title=Budaun District : Census 2011 data | publisher=Indian Census 2011 | access-date=17 January 2014}}</ref> in the [[India|Indian]] state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. It is located about a mile east of the [[Sot River|Sot river]], and 27&nbsp;km north of the [[Ganges river|Ganges]],<ref name="badaun.nic.in">{{Cite web |url=http://badaun.nic.in/ |title=Nic Budaun Welcomes You |access-date=21 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721163216/http://badaun.nic.in/ |archive-date=21 July 2011 |url-status=dead  }}</ref> in the [[Rohilkhand]] [[:File:UP region map.gif|region of Uttar Pradesh]]. According to the [[List of cities in India by population|2011 census]], Budaun has a population of 159,221, which is projected to be 161,555 at present.<ref>{{Cite web |last=World Population Review |title=Population of Cities in India 2023 |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/cities/india}}</ref> Budaun rose to historical importance as the capital of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] for four years from 1210 CE to 1214 CE during the reign of [[Sultan]] [[Iltutmish]]. It was the most important post of Northern Frontier during [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] reign. Budaun is a big market, historically famous and religiously important city. Budaun is 230&nbsp;km south-east of [[New Delhi]] and 245&nbsp;km north-west of Lucknow, both taking about 6 hours by road.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/distance/new-delhi-to-badaun.html|title=Distance between New Delhi and Badaun, New Delhi to Badaun Distance}}</ref>


== Etymology and archaeology ==
== Etymology and archaeology ==
Prof. Goti John referred this city was named ''Bedamooth'' in an ancient inscription based on stone scripts at the [[State Museum Lucknow|Lucknow Museum]]. Later this region was called [[Panchal]]. According to the lines on stone scripts there was a village ''Bhadaunlak'' near the city. The Muslim historian Roz Khan Lodhi said that [[Ashoka The Great]] built a Buddh Vihar and [[Chusquea quila|Quila]]; he named it ''BuddhMau'' ([[Budaun Fort]]). According to George Smith, Budaun was named after the [[Ahir]] prince Budh.<ref name="Smith1882">{{cite book|author=George Smith|title=The student's geography of India: the geography of British India : political and physical|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bm0qAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA223|access-date=17 February 2012|year=1882|publisher=John Murray|pages=223–}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/badaun-shortage-of-milk-in-kilk-prodective-area-10672897.html|title = अहीर राजा बुद्ध की नगरी में दूध के लिए मारामारी}}</ref>
Prof. Goti John referred this city was named ''Bedamooth'' in an ancient inscription based on stone scripts at the [[State Museum Lucknow|Lucknow Museum]]. Later this region was called [[Panchala]]. According to the lines on stone scripts there was a village ''Bhadaunlak'' near the city. The Muslim historian Roz Khan Lodhi said that [[Ashoka The Great]] built a Buddh Vihar and [[Chusquea quila|Quila]]; he named it ''BuddhMau'' ([[Budaun Fort]]). According to George Smith, Budaun was named after the prince Budh.<ref name="Smith1882">{{cite book|author=George Smith|title=The student's geography of India: the geography of British India : political and physical|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bm0qAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA223|access-date=17 February 2012|year=1882|publisher=John Murray|pages=223–}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/badaun-shortage-of-milk-in-kilk-prodective-area-10672897.html|title = अहीर राजा बुद्ध की नगरी में दूध के लिए मारामारी}}</ref>


Recent Archaeology-  Though it is an ancient as well as archaeological-rich city yet it do not get much more importance in terms of archaeology. Recently, in a village in Budaun known as Kheda Jalalpur village, fragments of Hindu temple idols, ancient bricks have been recovered from the mound of that village. According to the [[Archaeological Survey of India|ASI]], these remains belong to the post-[[Gupta Period|Gupta period]] (7th-8th century).
===Recent archaeology===
Though [[Budaun]] is an ancient as well as archaeologically rich city, it has not received much attention or importance in terms of archaeology. Recently, in a village in Budaun known as Kheda Jalalpur village, fragments of Hindu temple idols, ancient bricks have been recovered from the mound of that village. According to the [[Archaeological Survey of India|ASI]], these remains belong to the post-[[Gupta Period|Gupta period]] (7th-8th century).


==History==
==History==
According to the (Budaun District, Govt. Of Uttar Pradesh) mythological stories, Budaun was named after [[Ahir]] prince Budh.<ref>District Budaun Government of Uttar Pradesh https://budaun.nic.in/hi/%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b2%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0/</ref> The local tradition regarding this city is that it was founded in 905 A.D. by an [[Ahir]] prince whose name was Budh. and after whom it was called Budaun.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Museum |first1=Indian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1pf_8hvYWtsC&dq=budaun+founded+Ahir&pg=PA384 |title=Catalogue and Hand-book of the Archaeological Collections in the Indian Museum |last2=Anderson |first2=John |date=1883 |publisher=order of the trustees |language=en}}</ref> and an inscription, probably of the 12th century, gives a list of twelve [[Rathore]] kings reigning at Budaun then called Vodamāyuta.<ref name=eb>{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Budaun |volume=4 |page=737}}</ref> Kanauj was conquered after 1085 by Mahmūd, the son of the Ghaznavid Sultān, driving out the Rāshtrakūta chief. This the Rāshtrakūta chief then move their capital to Vodamāyuta, where they ruled until conquered by [[Qutb-ud-din Aibak]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Majumdar|first1=Ramesh Chandra|title=Ancient India|date=1977|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=9788120804364|page=315|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNxiN5tzKOgC&q=%22Vodamayuta%22&pg=PA315|access-date=23 May 2017|language=en}}</ref>
According to the (Budaun District, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh) mythological stories, Budaun was named after prince Budh [[Ahir]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=जिले के बारे में {{!}} ज़िला बदायूँ उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार {{!}} India |url=https://budaun.nic.in/hi/%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b2%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0/ |access-date=2026-02-03 |language=hi-IN}}</ref> The local tradition regarding this city is that it was founded in 905 A.D. by a prince whose name was Budh and after whom it was called Budaun.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Museum |first1=Indian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1pf_8hvYWtsC&dq=budaun+founded+Ahir&pg=PA384 |title=Catalogue and Hand-book of the Archaeological Collections in the Indian Museum |last2=Anderson |first2=John |date=1883 |publisher=order of the trustees |language=en}}</ref> The ruins of Prasidh (a town on the [[Ramganga]]) and the coins discovered at Pachoma near [[Bareilly]] point to the existence of an [[Ahir|Ahir dynasty]] around the borders of Badaun and Bareilly in the distant past.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K8wq7lDHz0EC |title=The Illustrated Weekly of India |date=1974 |publisher=Published for the proprietors, Bennett, Coleman & Company, Limited, at the Times of India Press |pages=29 |language=en}}</ref> An inscription, probably of the 12th century, gives a list of twelve [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] kings reigning at Budaun then called Vodamāyuta. Kanauj was conquered after 1085 by Mahmūd, the son of the Ghaznavid Sultān, driving out the Rāshtrakūta chief. This the Rāshtrakūta chief then move their capital to Vodamāyuta, where they ruled until conquered by [[Qutb-ud-din Aibak]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Majumdar|first1=Ramesh Chandra|title=Ancient India|date=1977|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=9788120804364|page=315|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNxiN5tzKOgC&q=%22Vodamayuta%22&pg=PA315|access-date=23 May 2017|language=en}}</ref>
[[Image:Missions and missionary society of the Methodist Episcopal Church (1895) (14762905532).jpg|thumb|left|Mission House of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Budaun (1895)]]
[[Image:Missions and missionary society of the Methodist Episcopal Church (1895) (14762905532).jpg|thumb|left|Mission House of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Budaun (1895)]]


The first authentic historical event connected with it, however, was its capture by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1196, after which it became a very important post on the northern frontier of the [[Delhi]] empire. In 1223, a [[mosque]] of imposing size, crowned with a dome, was built. In the 13th century two of its governors, Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, the builder of the mosque referred above, and his son [[Rukn ud din Firuz]], attained the imperial throne. In 1571 the town was burnt, and about a hundred years later, under [[Shah Jahan]], the seat of the governorship was transferred to Sahaspur-Bilari. Budaun and its district was ceded to the British government in 1801 by the [[Nawab]] of [[Oudh]].<ref name=eb/>
The first authentic historical event connected with it, however, was its capture by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1196, after which it became a very important post on the northern frontier of the [[Delhi]] empire. In 1223, a [[mosque]] of imposing size, crowned with a dome, was built. In the 13th century two of its governors, Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, the builder of the mosque referred above, and his son [[Rukn ud din Firuz]], attained the imperial throne. In 1571 the town was burnt, and about a hundred years later, under [[Shah Jahan]], the seat of the governorship was transferred to Sahaspur-Bilari. Budaun and its district was ceded to the British government in 1801 by the [[Nawab]] of [[Oudh]].<ref name="eb">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Budaun|volume=4|page=737}}</ref>


In 1911, Budaun was a town and district of [[British Raj|British]] India, in the [[Rohilkhand]] division of the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]]. At the time, an American Methodist mission maintained several girls schools and there was a high school for boys.<ref name=eb/>
In 1911, Budaun was a town and district of [[British Raj|British]] India, in the [[Rohilkhand]] division of the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]]. At the time, an American Methodist mission maintained several girls' schools and a high school for boys.<ref name=eb/>


==Politics==
==Politics==
[[Sanghmitra Maurya]] is the MP of the Budaun Constituency and is the daughter of [[Swami Prasad Maurya]]. Budaun has large population of [[Ahir]]s which according to British historian Matthew Atmore Sherring came from [[Hansi]] and [[Hisar (district)|Hisar]] which is in [[Haryana]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/hindutribesandc00shergoog | page=[https://archive.org/details/hindutribesandc00shergoog/page/n266 237] | quote=Ahirs. |title = Hindu Tribes and Castes| publisher=Thacker, Spink & Company |last1 = Sherring|first1 = Matthew Atmore|year = 1872}}</ref><ref>Hindu Tribes and Castes, Volume 1 page 334.</ref>
[[Aditya Yadav]] is the MP of the Budaun Constituency and is the son of [[Shivpal Singh Yadav]]. According to British historian [[M. A. Sherring|Matthew Atmore Sherring]], they came from [[Hansi]] and [[Hisar (district)|Hisar]] in [[Haryana]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/hindutribesandc00shergoog | page=[https://archive.org/details/hindutribesandc00shergoog/page/n266 237] | quote=Ahirs. |title = Hindu Tribes and Castes| publisher=Thacker, Spink & Company |last1 = Sherring|first1 = Matthew Atmore|year = 1872}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
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{{As of|2011}} census, Budaun City had a population of 159,221 (83,475 male 75,746 female = 1000/907), 39,613 (12.3%) of whom were aged 0–6. The adult literacy rate was 73.%. The widely spoken language in the city is Hindi and Awadhi.  The sex ratio of Budaun city is 907 per 1000 males. Child sex ratio of girls is 882 per 1000 boys. The area of the city is 81 square km. Budaun Metro Area have a population of around 417000{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} and an area of {{cvt|103|sqkm}} With Badaun City, it includes Shekhupur, Bahedi, Islamganj, Chandanpur, Salarpur, Salarpur Industrial Estate, Shekhupur Firing Range, Padauna and Khera Buzurg.%.<ref name=2011census>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 |access-date = 7 July 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=28770|title = Untitled Page}}</ref>
{{As of|2011}} census, Budaun City had a population of 159,221 (83,475 male 75,746 female = 1000/907), 39,613 (12.3%) of whom were aged 0–6. The adult literacy rate was 73.%. The widely spoken language in the city is Hindi and Awadhi.  The sex ratio of Budaun city is 907 per 1000 males. Child sex ratio of girls is 882 per 1000 boys. The area of the city is 81 square km. Budaun Metro Area have a population of around 417000{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} and an area of {{cvt|103|sqkm}} With Badaun City, it includes Shekhupur, Bahedi, Islamganj, Chandanpur, Salarpur, Salarpur Industrial Estate, Shekhupur Firing Range, Padauna and Khera Buzurg.
<ref name=2011census>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 |access-date = 7 July 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=28770|title = Untitled Page}}</ref>


==Tourism==
==Education==
Budaun is considered to be of immense religious significance among both Hindus and Muslims. At the first glance,  with its dusty avenues and sleepy streets, it seems nothing more than a secluded small town. But there are numerous ruins and monuments that reveal many legends from its past. Casting a nostalgic charm, Budaun transports visitors to an era of mighty rulers and mystic Sufi saints like Nizamuddin Auliya - a Sufi saint. Adding to its allure is an aura of spirituality throughout the town.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cleartrip.com/india/budaun/|title=Budaun Tourism, Budaun Travel Guide - Cleartrip}}</ref> Budaun is home to a number of ruins that can be traced back to the Mughal era. The Budaun Fort and the iconic clock tower Ghanta Ghar, are among the prominent attractions, as are the tombs of rulers such as Iltumish and Ala Ud Din Alam Shah, who was the last ruler of the Sayyid dynasty. The 13th century [[Great Mosque, Budaun|Jama Masjid]], which was built by Iltumish and the Qadri Dargah are among the popular shrines in Budaun. Budaun also hosts the ancient [https://www.jagran.com/lite/uttar-pradesh/badaun-10202774.html Gauri Shankar Temple] dedicated to Hindu God Shiva, it is India's first Rasling<ref>{{Cite web |title=गौरीशंकर मंदिर में है देश का इकलौता रसलिंग |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/badaun-10202774.html |access-date=23 September 2022 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> a Shivling made by amalgamation of liquid Mercury and.Gold.
[[File:Govt Medical college Budaun 01.jpg|thumb|Budaun Medical College]]
Higher Education institutions in the city include the Government Degree College, Government Girls Degree College and NMNS Dass College,<ref>{{cite web |title=Colleges/Universities {{!}} District Budaun Government Of Uttar Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://budaun.nic.in/public-utility-category/colleges/ |access-date=21 January 2024}}</ref> all affiliated to [[Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University]], [[Bareilly]]. The [[Government Medical College Badaun, UP|Budaun Medical College]], a full-fledged tertiary government Medical college and hospital was established in 2019. The college is affiliated with the [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University]], [[Lucknow]] and is recognized by the [[National Medical Commission]].<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Colleges, National Medical Commission|url=https://www.nmc.org.in/information-desk/for-students-to-study-in-india/list-of-college-teaching-mbbs/}}</ref>


==Distance==
==Transport==
*[[Bareilly]] - 51&nbsp;km via NH530b
[[File:Badaun Railway Station Shed.jpg|thumb|left|[[Budaun railway station]]]]
*[[Delhi]] - 234&nbsp;km via SH 18 and Eastern Peripheral Expressway
Badaun is well connected with the rest of the state through roads and rail services, however the city lacks an airport.  The nearest airport is the [[Bareilly Airport]] &ndash; a [[Joint-use airport#Civil enclave|civil enclave]] at the [[Indian Air Force]]'s 'Trishul Air Base' in [[Izzatnagar]] neighborhood of [[Bareilly]], which is located at a distance of {{convert|60|km}} from the city. The [[Indira Gandhi International Airport]], located in [[Delhi]] is the nearest International Airport.
*[[Mathura]] - 165&nbsp;km via NH 530b
*[[Agra]] - 172&nbsp;km via NH21
*[[Kanpur]] - 253&nbsp;km via SH 43
*[[Meerut]] - 215&nbsp;km via SH18
*[[Muzaffarnagar]] - 270&nbsp;km via SH18


==Notable people==
The [[Budaun railway station]] is the primary railway station serving the city. Budaun is a Category-'NSG 05' station of the [[Indian Railways]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Number of stations - NER |url=https://ner.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1701769399327-No%20of%20Stations.pdf |access-date=21 January 2024}}</ref> and is located on the Bareilly-Kasganj Rail line under the [[Izzatnagar railway division]] of the [[North Eastern Railway zone]]. Train Services in Budaun were startes after the completion of the {{convert|63|mi|km}} long ''Kasganj Extension Line'' from  Bareilly to [[Soron]] in 1885 by the [[Rohilkund and Kumaon Railway]].<ref name=Admin1918>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n204/mode/1up  "Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 196]; Retrieved 8 December 2016</ref>
 
The [[National Highway 530B (India)|National Highway 530B]] passes through the city  and connects it with [[Bareilly]] and [[Mathura]].<ref>{{cite news |title=खुशखबरी : एनएच-530बी के नाम से जानिए अब मथुरा-बरेली मार्ग |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/aligarh-city-know-the-name-of-the-good-news-nh-530b-now-the-mathura-bareilly-route-18325510.html |access-date=18 April 2021 |work=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> A number of [[List of state highways in Uttar Pradesh|State Highways]] also pass through the city.<ref name=UPPWDSHList>{{cite web |title=Complete Road_Detail's_SH |url=http://uppwd.up.nic.in/pdf/SH_Road_List.pdf |author=Public Works Department |publisher = [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]] |access-date=23 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611081808/http://uppwd.up.nic.in/pdf/SH_Road_List.pdf |archive-date=11 June 2016 }}</ref> Prominent among them are the UP State Highway 18, connecting Budaun with [[Meerut]], UP State Highway 43, connecting Budaun with [[Moradabad]] & [[Farrukhabad]] and UP State Highway 51, which connects Budaun with [[Gajraula]] & [[Bijnor]]. Inter-city bus services to and from the city are operated from the Budaun bus station by the [[Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation]] and private operators. The Budaun bus station as well as the Budaun Depot come under the Bareilly region of UPSRTC.<ref>{{cite web |title=Services {{!}} Depot & Bus Stations {{!}} Official Website of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India. |url=http://www.upsrtc.com/en/page/depot-amp;-bus-stations |website=www.upsrtc.com |access-date=6 June 2021 |archive-date=21 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621171441/http://upsrtc.com/en/page/depot-amp;-bus-stations |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About us {{!}} Organisation Structure {{!}} Official Website of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India. |url=http://www.upsrtc.com/en/page/organisation-structure |website=www.upsrtc.com |access-date=6 June 2021 |archive-date=21 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621170030/http://upsrtc.com/en/page/organisation-structure |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
== Notable people ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=March 2024}}
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{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
 
*[[`Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni|Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni]]
*[[ʽAbd al-Qadir Badayuni]]
*[[Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni]]
*[[Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni]]
*[[Abida Ahmed]]
*[[Ada Jafri]]
*[[Ada Jafri]]
*[[Ahmad Yar Khan Naeemi]]
*[[Ale Ahmad Suroor]]
*[[Ale Ahmad Suroor]]
*[[Alhaj Shamim Uddin]]
*[[Alhaj Shamim Uddin]]
*[[Begum Abida Ahmed]]
*[[Bekhud Badayuni]]
*[[Bekhud Badayuni]]
*[[Dilawar Figar]]
*[[Dilawar Figar]]
*[[Fani Badayuni]]
*[[Fani Badayuni]]
*[[Ghulam Mustafa Khan]] Hindustani classical vocalist
*[[Ghulam Mustafa Khan (singer)|Ghulam Mustafa Khan]] Hindustani classical vocalist
*[[Iltutmish]]
*[[Iltutmish]]
*[[Inayat Hussain Khan]]
*[[Inayat Hussain Khan]]
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*[[Moulvi Fakhrey Alam]]
*[[Moulvi Fakhrey Alam]]
*[[Mahesh Chandra Gupta]]
*[[Mahesh Chandra Gupta]]
* [[Muhammad Afzal Hussain Qadri]]
*[[Nakhshabi]]
*[[Nakhshabi]]
*[[Nissar Hussain Khan]]
*[[Nisar Hussain Khan]]
*[[Nizamuddin Auliya]] - Sufi saint
*[[Nizamuddin Auliya]] – Sufi saint
*[[Rashid Khan (musician)|Rashid Khan]]
*[[Rashid Khan (musician)|Rashid Khan]]
*[[Razia Sultana]]
*[[Razia Sultan]]
*[[Rukn ud din Firuz]]
*[[Ruknuddin Firuz]]
*[[Shabnam Romani]]
*[[Shabnam Romani]]
*[[Shakeel Badayuni]]
*[[Shakeel Badayuni]]
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{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


 
{{commons category}}


{{Navboxes
{{Navboxes
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[[Category:Rohilkhand]]
[[Category:Rohilkhand]]
[[Category:Cities in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Cities in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Former capital cities in India]]
[[Category:Former capitals in India]]

Latest revision as of 04:23, 14 March 2026

Budaun
City
Bhamashah Chowk, Budaun
Bhamashah Chowk, Budaun
Budaun is located in Uttar Pradesh
Budaun
Budaun
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
Coordinates: 28°03′N 79°07′E / 28.05°N 79.12°E / 28.05; 79.12
Country India
StateUttar Pradesh
RegionRohilkhand
DivisionBareilly
DistrictBudaun
Settled905AD (Modern City), 220BC (Ancient City)
Named forPrince Budh
Government
 • BodyBudaun Municipal Council
 • ChairmanFatma Raza
 • MPAditya Yadav
 • MLAMahesh Chandra Gupta
Area
 • Total81 km2 (31 sq mi)
Elevation
164 m (538 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total159,221
 • Rank17
 • Density5,489/km2 (14,220/sq mi)
DemonymBadayuni
Languages
 • OfficialHindi, Urdu, English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
243601
Telephone code05832
ISO 3166 codeIN-UP-BD
Vehicle registrationUP-24
Coastline0 kilometres (0 mi)
Sex ratio907 female/1000 male
Literacy73.00%
Civic agencyBudaun Development Authority
Governing bodyGovernment of UP
Government of India
ClimateHS-TH (Köppen)
Precipitation843 millimetres (33.2 in)
Avg. annual temperature27.5 °C (81.5 °F)
Avg. summer temperature39.8 °C (103.6 °F)
Avg. winter temperature11.5 °C (52.7 °F)
Websitewww.badaun.nic.in
Also known as 'City of Saints' or 'Madinat ul Awliya', famous for its Pedas, 'Mentha City' of India.

Budaun (romanised: Badāʾūn or Badāyūn, hi) is a medieval city and headquarters of Budaun district,[2] in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located about a mile east of the Sot river, and 27 km north of the Ganges,[3] in the Rohilkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. According to the 2011 census, Budaun has a population of 159,221, which is projected to be 161,555 at present.[4] Budaun rose to historical importance as the capital of the Delhi Sultanate for four years from 1210 CE to 1214 CE during the reign of Sultan Iltutmish. It was the most important post of Northern Frontier during Mughal reign. Budaun is a big market, historically famous and religiously important city. Budaun is 230 km south-east of New Delhi and 245 km north-west of Lucknow, both taking about 6 hours by road.[5]

Etymology and archaeology[edit | edit source]

Prof. Goti John referred this city was named Bedamooth in an ancient inscription based on stone scripts at the Lucknow Museum. Later this region was called Panchala. According to the lines on stone scripts there was a village Bhadaunlak near the city. The Muslim historian Roz Khan Lodhi said that Ashoka The Great built a Buddh Vihar and Quila; he named it BuddhMau (Budaun Fort). According to George Smith, Budaun was named after the prince Budh.[6][7]

Recent archaeology[edit | edit source]

Though Budaun is an ancient as well as archaeologically rich city, it has not received much attention or importance in terms of archaeology. Recently, in a village in Budaun known as Kheda Jalalpur village, fragments of Hindu temple idols, ancient bricks have been recovered from the mound of that village. According to the ASI, these remains belong to the post-Gupta period (7th-8th century).

History[edit | edit source]

According to the (Budaun District, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh) mythological stories, Budaun was named after prince Budh Ahir.[8] The local tradition regarding this city is that it was founded in 905 A.D. by a prince whose name was Budh and after whom it was called Budaun.[9] The ruins of Prasidh (a town on the Ramganga) and the coins discovered at Pachoma near Bareilly point to the existence of an Ahir dynasty around the borders of Badaun and Bareilly in the distant past.[10] An inscription, probably of the 12th century, gives a list of twelve Rathore kings reigning at Budaun then called Vodamāyuta. Kanauj was conquered after 1085 by Mahmūd, the son of the Ghaznavid Sultān, driving out the Rāshtrakūta chief. This the Rāshtrakūta chief then move their capital to Vodamāyuta, where they ruled until conquered by Qutb-ud-din Aibak.[11]

Mission House of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Budaun (1895)

The first authentic historical event connected with it, however, was its capture by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1196, after which it became a very important post on the northern frontier of the Delhi empire. In 1223, a mosque of imposing size, crowned with a dome, was built. In the 13th century two of its governors, Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, the builder of the mosque referred above, and his son Rukn ud din Firuz, attained the imperial throne. In 1571 the town was burnt, and about a hundred years later, under Shah Jahan, the seat of the governorship was transferred to Sahaspur-Bilari. Budaun and its district was ceded to the British government in 1801 by the Nawab of Oudh.[12]

In 1911, Budaun was a town and district of British India, in the Rohilkhand division of the United Provinces. At the time, an American Methodist mission maintained several girls' schools and a high school for boys.[12]

Politics[edit | edit source]

Aditya Yadav is the MP of the Budaun Constituency and is the son of Shivpal Singh Yadav. According to British historian Matthew Atmore Sherring, they came from Hansi and Hisar in Haryana.[13]

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Religions in Budaun City (2011)[14]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 55.15%
Islam
 
 43.94%
Christianity
 
 0.62%
Sikhism
 
 0.21%
Others†
 
 0.08%
Distribution of religions

As of 2011 census, Budaun City had a population of 159,221 (83,475 male 75,746 female = 1000/907), 39,613 (12.3%) of whom were aged 0–6. The adult literacy rate was 73.%. The widely spoken language in the city is Hindi and Awadhi. The sex ratio of Budaun city is 907 per 1000 males. Child sex ratio of girls is 882 per 1000 boys. The area of the city is 81 square km. Budaun Metro Area have a population of around 417000[citation needed] and an area of 103 km2 (40 sq mi) With Badaun City, it includes Shekhupur, Bahedi, Islamganj, Chandanpur, Salarpur, Salarpur Industrial Estate, Shekhupur Firing Range, Padauna and Khera Buzurg. [1][15]

Education[edit | edit source]

Budaun Medical College

Higher Education institutions in the city include the Government Degree College, Government Girls Degree College and NMNS Dass College,[16] all affiliated to Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly. The Budaun Medical College, a full-fledged tertiary government Medical college and hospital was established in 2019. The college is affiliated with the Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University, Lucknow and is recognized by the National Medical Commission.[17]

Transport[edit | edit source]

Budaun railway station

Badaun is well connected with the rest of the state through roads and rail services, however the city lacks an airport. The nearest airport is the Bareilly Airport – a civil enclave at the Indian Air Force's 'Trishul Air Base' in Izzatnagar neighborhood of Bareilly, which is located at a distance of 60 kilometres (37 mi) from the city. The Indira Gandhi International Airport, located in Delhi is the nearest International Airport.

The Budaun railway station is the primary railway station serving the city. Budaun is a Category-'NSG 05' station of the Indian Railways,[18] and is located on the Bareilly-Kasganj Rail line under the Izzatnagar railway division of the North Eastern Railway zone. Train Services in Budaun were startes after the completion of the 63 miles (101 km) long Kasganj Extension Line from Bareilly to Soron in 1885 by the Rohilkund and Kumaon Railway.[19]

The National Highway 530B passes through the city and connects it with Bareilly and Mathura.[20] A number of State Highways also pass through the city.[21] Prominent among them are the UP State Highway 18, connecting Budaun with Meerut, UP State Highway 43, connecting Budaun with Moradabad & Farrukhabad and UP State Highway 51, which connects Budaun with Gajraula & Bijnor. Inter-city bus services to and from the city are operated from the Budaun bus station by the Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation and private operators. The Budaun bus station as well as the Budaun Depot come under the Bareilly region of UPSRTC.[22][23]

Notable people[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  2. ↑ "Budaun District : Census 2011 data". Indian Census 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
  3. ↑ "Nic Budaun Welcomes You". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  4. ↑ World Population Review. "Population of Cities in India 2023".
  5. ↑ "Distance between New Delhi and Badaun, New Delhi to Badaun Distance".
  6. ↑ George Smith (1882). The student's geography of India: the geography of British India : political and physical. John Murray. pp. 223–. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  7. ↑ "अहीर राजा बुद्ध की नगरी में दूध के लिए मारामारी".
  8. ↑ "जिले के बारे में | ज़िला बदायूँ उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार | India" (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 3 February 2026.
  9. ↑ Museum, Indian; Anderson, John (1883). Catalogue and Hand-book of the Archaeological Collections in the Indian Museum. order of the trustees.
  10. ↑ The Illustrated Weekly of India. Published for the proprietors, Bennett, Coleman & Company, Limited, at the Times of India Press. 1974. p. 29.
  11. ↑ Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra (1977). Ancient India. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 315. ISBN 9788120804364. Retrieved 23 May 2017.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Budaun" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 737.
  13. ↑ Sherring, Matthew Atmore (1872). Hindu Tribes and Castes. Thacker, Spink & Company. p. 237. Ahirs.
  14. ↑ "Budaun City Population Census 2011". Census 2011 India. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
  15. ↑ "Untitled Page".
  16. ↑ "Colleges/Universities | District Budaun Government Of Uttar Pradesh | India". Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  17. ↑ "List of Colleges, National Medical Commission".
  18. ↑ "Number of stations - NER" (PDF). Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  19. ↑ "Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 196; Retrieved 8 December 2016
  20. ↑ "खुशखबरी : एनएच-530बी के नाम से जानिए अब मथुरा-बरेली मार्ग". Dainik Jagran (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  21. ↑ Public Works Department. "Complete Road_Detail's_SH" (PDF). Government of Uttar Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "Services | Depot & Bus Stations | Official Website of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India". www.upsrtc.com. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  23. ↑ "About us | Organisation Structure | Official Website of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India". www.upsrtc.com. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.


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