Sailana State

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Sailana State
Princely State
1736–1948
Flag of Sailana
Flag
Coat of arms of Sailana
Coat of arms
Map of Sailana and Ratlam States.jpg
A map showing the division of Sailana and Ratlam.
CapitalSailana
Area 
• 1881
1,165 km2 (450 sq mi)
Population 
• 1881
59,723
History
History 
• Established
1736
• accession to the Indian Union
1948
 Succeeded by
India
(Princely State)
Jaswant Singh II, Raja of Sailana State (r.1895–1919)

Sailana State was an 11 gun salute princely state in India, part of the Malwa Agency of Central India during the British Raj. The state enjoyed an estimated revenue of Rs.5,00,000.[1]

History[edit]

Sailana State was founded by Raja Jai Singh, great-grandson of Maharaja Ratan Singh, founder of Ratlam State. In 1716 Jai singh took revenge against his uncle for the murder of his father, he killed him in a pitched battle at sagode and secured Ratlam for his elder brother. The two brothers then divided the state between themselves. Jai singh's capital was initially at Raoti. He built Sailana as his new capital in 1736. During this period the Maratha influence in central India had been growing and several states had been annexed or forced to pay heavy tributes to the Peshwa. However Jai singh had the wisdom to form alliances with the Maratha officials, he helped the Peshwa agent Ambaji Pant Trimbak Purandare to collect tribute in Malwa and used the situation to annex the surrounding lands.[2] He fought 22 battles in his lifetime,[3] establishing himself as an independent ruler.[4][5] Jai Singh was succeeded by a string of weak rulers. During Raja Mokham Singh's rule much of the territory of Sailana was annexed by Scindia and Holkar, the Raja's of Sailana were further forced to pay tribute to the Scindias of Gwalior.[6] Raja Lakshman Singh of Sailana tried to push the Scindia's out of his kingdom, in 1818 he refused to pay chauth which was regularly levied, the Scindias retaliated by sending an army under Bujang Rao, the Gwalior army which had European arms and was French trained lost its advantage on the hills en route to Sailana and was defeated by Lakshman Singh, the captured soldiers were allowed to leave but all of their guns and artillery were taken. In 1819, Bapu Rao Sindia was appointed to punish the raja of Sailana and enforce tribute upon him. Bapu Rao had previously been sent by the Scindia's to defeat and exact tributes from the Maharaja of Jaipur and the Maharana of Udaipur.[7] On 5 January 1819, John Malcolm mediated between Gwalior and Sailana upon which Raja Lakshman Singh accepted British protection and agreed to pay a fixed tribute to Gwalior until 1860, in return for Daulat Rao Sindhia agreeing to refrain from any interference in Sailana. The tribute treaty did not last for long as Daulat Rao soon relinquished his rights of tribute on Sailana and Ratlam, the tribute was thus paid directly to the British instead.[8] During British rule Sailana saw development under the capable rule of Raja Jashwant Singh II and then under his son Raja Dileep Singh, many reforms were introduced over the coming years, with particular attention being paid to education and the provision of vernacular educational facilities. By 1947, education and medical aid were provided free of charge, the local municipality was placed on a democratic footing and the judiciary and executive made independent of each other. Although the economy was primarily agricultural, some limited industrialisation included oil mills, and iron and steel works. On 15 June 1948, Raja Dileep Singh signed the accession to the Indian Union.[9][10]

Rulers[edit]

The chiefs of Sailana are Rathore Rajputs and have a common ancestry with the Maharajas of Jodhpur and Ratlam.[1]

Rajas[edit]

Name Year
Jai Singh 1736–1757
Jaswant Singh 1757–1772
Ajab Singh 1772–1782
Mokham Singh 1782–1797
Lakshman Singh 1797–1826
Ratan Singh 1826–1827
Nahar Singh 1827–1841
Takhat Singh 1841–1850
Rajmata Nath Kanwarji (regent) 1850–1859
Duleh Singh 1850–1895
Jashwant Singh II 1895–1919
Dileep Singh 1919 – 1948 (1948 – 1961 titular)
Digvijay Singh (titular) 1961–1990
Vikram Singh (titular) 1990 – present

Jagirdars of Sailana State[edit]

All the jagirdars owe fealty and service to the ruler and pay cesses and tanka. No jagirdar has the right to adopt without the permission of the raja. The 1st class jagirdars are allowed to wear gold anklets, and at their succession, they are installed by the ruling raja himself. Half of the states lands were alienated because of the large number of Jagirs.[5] Raja Dilip Singh (r. 1919–1948) later extinguished several Jagirs and replaced them with governors. This harsh but effective action helped the states revenue which was then used to provide medical and educational facilities in Sailana.[11][12]

The following were the 1st class Jagirdars of Sailana in 1908.

Name Revenue (Rs.) Dynasty
Semlia 30,000 Rathore
Birmawal/Kaneri 26,000 Rathore
Raoti 20,000 Rathore
Kariya 17,000 Rathore

The following were the 2nd class Jagirdars of Sailana in 1908.

Name Revenue (Rs.) Dynasty
Ghatwas 5,00 Rathore
Umran 4,000 Songara
Nayapura 1,100 Rathore
Mewasa 3,000 Sisodia
Chandoria 2,000 Rathore
Nalkui 1,700 Songara
Kotria 1,200 Rathore
Bharoda 4,000 Rathore
Advania 6,000 Rathore
Morda 4,000 Rathore

The 3rd class jagirdars were hereditary office holders of the state.

See also[edit]

External links[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey By R. V. Solomon, J. W. Bond. Pg.629-634
  2. ↑ Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Ratlam - Page 53-55
  3. ↑ States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey by Arnold Wright pg.632..."The Ruler died at the age of 61 years, having, during his reign, fought no fewer than 22 battles."
  4. ↑ Malwa in Transition Or a Century of Anarchy: The First Phase, 1698–1765 pg.123–125
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Imperial Gazetteer of India. Vol. Vol.21. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1908. pp. 385–7. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  6. ↑ Central India State Gazetteer Series Malwa Vol-v Part-a pg.357-358
  7. ↑ History of the Marathas By R.S. Chaurasia p.41
  8. ↑ History of the Marathas By R.S. Chaurasia p.226, He relinquished his rights of tribute from Ratlam and Sailana to the British government, perhaps because the states were outside the area that he claimed to be his own.
  9. ↑ Princely States of India
  10. ↑ Sailana through the ages by Jayantilaal Mehta
  11. ↑ Rulers, Leading families, and officials in the states of central India Pg.152–154
  12. ↑ Sailana through the ages by Jayantilaal Mehta p. 109


Coordinates: 23°28′N 74°55′E / 23.47°N 74.92°E / 23.47; 74.92

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