Udalguri district: Difference between revisions

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| native_name_lang        =  
| native_name_lang        =  
| settlement_type        = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]]
| settlement_type        = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]]
| image_skyline          = Bhairabkhunda.jpg
| image_skyline          = Paneri Tea Garden.jpg
| image_alt              =
| image_alt              =
| image_caption          = [[Bhairabkunda]], popular picnic spot
| image_caption          = Paneri Tea Garden
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| nickname                =
| motto                  =
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| image_map               = India Assam Udalguri district map.svg
| image_map                       = {{maplink |frame=yes
| map_alt                =
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
| map_caption            = Map of Udalguri District
|text= '''Udalguri district'''
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| pushpin_label_position  =
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
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|title= Udalguri district of Assam
|type2=line|id2=Q1164|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Assam
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| map_alt                        =  
| map_caption                    = Location in Assam
| coordinates            =  
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| elevation_footnotes    =
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| elevation_m            =
| elevation_m            =
| population_total        = 831,688
| population_total        = 831,668
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_footnotes    =
| population_footnotes    =
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==Etymology==
==Etymology==
The name Udalguri, denotes a place surrounding the Udal tree (Udal, meaning a tree and Guri meaning surrounding area). Some authors are of the opinion that the name of the place became Udalguri as there was a hermitage of a sage named Uddalak Muni. Yet, another source mentions that the word has origins in the Boro language. From the Bodo words {{Transl|brx|ordla}} and {{Transl|brx|gundri}}, the name became {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundi}} > {{Transl|brx|Odalguri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ugalguri}}. Bodo people still pronounce the name as Odalguri. In Bodo language {{Transl|brx|ordla}} means wide and spacious and {{Transl|brx|gundri}} means powdered object.<ref>http://udalguri.gov.in/districthistory.html</ref>
The name Udalguri, denotes a place surrounding the Udal tree (Udal, meaning a tree and Guri meaning surrounding area). Some authors are of the opinion that the name of the place became Udalguri as there was a hermitage of a sage named Uddalak Muni. Yet, another source mentions that the word has origins in the Boro language. From the Bodo words {{Transl|brx|ordla}} and {{Transl|brx|gundri}}, the name became {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundi}} > {{Transl|brx|Odalguri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ugalguri}}. Bodo people still pronounce the name as Odalguri. In Bodo language {{Transl|brx|ordla}} means wide and spacious and {{Transl|brx|gundri}} means powdered object.<ref>http://udalguri.gov.in/districthistory.html {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
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Other than the multitude of culture and tradition of the various ethnic communities, the district has several tourist places. Some of the important ones are,
Other than the multitude of culture and tradition of the various ethnic communities, the district has several tourist places. Some of the important ones are,


# Part of [[Manas National Park]]
# Part of [[Orang National Park]]
# [[Bathouism|Bathou]] temple and Research centre in Odalguri District (All Bathou Mahasabha)
# [[Bathouism|Bathou]] temple and Research centre in Odalguri District (All Bathou Mahasabha)
# Old [[Namghar]] (Assamese Worship Place) in Udalguri Town
# Old [[Namghar]] (Assamese Worship Place) in Udalguri Town
# Tea gardens at Kachubil
# Old [[Hanuman]] temple in Udalguri Town
# Old [[Hanuman]] temple in Udalguri Town
# Old [[Baptists|Baptist Christian church]] in Udalguri Town
# Old [[Baptists|Baptist Christian church]] in Udalguri Town
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==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=72,515|13=1911|14=72,634|15=1921|16=81,624|17=1931|18=1,02,727|19=1941|20=1,38,593|21=1951|22=1,72,046|23=1961|24=2,78,788|25=1971|26=4,39,022|27=1991|28=6,92,919|29=2001|30=7,58,746|31=2011|32=8,31,668|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the 2011 census Udalguri district's population is 8,31,668, an increase of 9.8% over 2001.<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php |title= District Census 2011 |publisher=Census2011.co.in }}</ref> The literacy rate is 66.6% and the gender ratio is 966.<ref name=districtcensus/> There are {{convert|449|PD/sqkm}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> The district is multi-ethnic and multi-religious in nature. [[Bodo people|Bodos]] forms the largest ethnic group in the district with 33.76% of the district's population. Other ethnic groups with significant population are [[Tea-tribes of Assam|Adivasi]] community with almost 23.12% and [[Bengali Muslims]] with 12% of the district's population. Assamese and [[Bengali Hindus]] resides mainly in urban areas. There is also a presence of sizeable [[Nepali language|Nepali]] speaking [[Indian Gorkha]] community with estimated 5% of the district's population thinly scattered across the Udalguri district.
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=72,515|13=1911|14=72,634|15=1921|16=81,624|17=1931|18=1,02,727|19=1941|20=1,38,593|21=1951|22=1,72,046|23=1961|24=2,78,788|25=1971|26=4,39,022|27=1991|28=6,92,919|29=2001|30=7,58,746|31=2011|32=8,31,668|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the 2011 census Udalguri district's population is 8,31,668, an increase of 9.8% over 2001.<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php |title= District Census 2011 |publisher=Census2011.co.in }}</ref> The literacy rate is 66.6% and the gender ratio is 966.<ref name=districtcensus/> There are {{convert|449|PD/sqkm}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.55% and 32.15% of the population respectively.
 
The district is multi-ethnic and multi-religious in nature. [[Bodo people|Bodos]] forms the largest ethnic group in the district with 33.76% of the district's population. Other ethnic groups with significant population are [[Tea-tribes of Assam|Adivasi]] community with almost 23.12% and [[Bengali Muslims]] with 12% of the district's population. Assamese and [[Bengali Hindus]] resides mainly in urban areas. There is also a presence of sizeable [[Nepali language|Nepali]] speaking [[Indian Gorkha]] community with estimated 5% of the district's population thinly scattered across the Udalguri district.
 
=== Religion ===
=== Religion ===
{{bar box
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Udalguri District<ref name=districtcensus/>
|title=Religions in Udalguri district (2011)<ref name=districtcensus/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|left1=Religion
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|float=right
|float=right
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|darkorange|73.64}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Assam|Hinduism]]|darkorange|73.64}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians]]|dodgerblue|13.25}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Assam|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|13.25}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|#008000|12.66}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Assam|Islam]]|#008000|12.66}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.45}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.45}}
}}
}}
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{{Pie chart
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Udalguri district (2011)
|caption = Languages of Udalguri district (2011)
|label1 = [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] |value1 = 26.90 |color1 = purple
|label1 = [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] |value1 = 26.90 |color1 = royalblue
|label2 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |value2 = 22.62 |color2 = gold
|label2 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |value2 = 22.62 |color2 = gold
|label3 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value3 = 19.43 |color3 = salmon
|label3 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value3 = 19.43 |color3 = saddlebrown
|label4 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value4 = 7.88 |color4 = red
|label4 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value4 = 7.88 |color4 = red
|label5 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value5 = 5.60 |color5 = pink
|label5 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value5 = 5.60 |color5 = pink
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|label10 = [[Mundari language|Mundari]] |value10 = 1.57 |color10 = mediumturquoise
|label10 = [[Mundari language|Mundari]] |value10 = 1.57 |color10 = mediumturquoise
|label11 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value11 = 1.45 |color11 = peachpuff  
|label11 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value11 = 1.45 |color11 = peachpuff  
|label12 = Others |value12 =5.38 |color12 = grey
|label12 = Others |value12 = 5.38 |color12 = grey
}}
}}
According to the 2011 census, 26.9% of the population speaks [[Boro language (India)|Boro]], 22.62% [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 19.43% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 7.88% [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 5.6% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 2.79% [[Santali language|Santali]], 2.64% [[Odia language|Odia]], 2.08% [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], 1.66% [[Hindi]], 1.57% [[Mundari language|Mundari]] and 1.45% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] as their first language.<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Udalguri|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=17 July 2021}}</ref>
According to the 2011 census, 26.90% of the population speaks [[Boro language (India)|Boro]], 22.62% [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 19.43% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 7.88% [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 5.6% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 2.79% [[Santali language|Santali]], 2.64% [[Odia language|Odia]], 2.08% [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], 1.66% [[Hindi]], 1.57% [[Mundari language|Mundari]] and 1.45% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] as their first language.<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Udalguri|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=17 July 2021}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
This district is bounded by [[Bhutan]] and [[West Kameng|West Kameng district]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] state in the north, [[Sonitpur district]] in the east, [[Darrang district]] in the south and [[Baksa district]] in the west. Area of the district is 1852.16&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>[http://assamgovt.nic.in/districts/district.asp?distID=19 Assam state website – Udalguri district]</ref>
This district is bounded by [[Bhutan]] and [[West Kameng|West Kameng district]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] state in the north, [[Sonitpur district]] in the east, [[Darrang district]] in the south and [[Tamulpur district]] in the west. Area of the district is 1852.16&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>[http://assamgovt.nic.in/districts/district.asp?distID=19 Assam state website – Udalguri district]</ref>


===Major Towns===
===Major Towns===
Tangla is the largest town in Udalguri district. Other towns include Odalguri, Paneri and Bhergaon.
Tangla is the largest town in Udalguri district. Other towns include Odalguri, Rowta, Mazbat, Kalaigaon,  Paneri, Khairabari and Bhergaon.


===Wildlife Sanctuary===
===Wildlife Sanctuary===

Revision as of 23:12, 1 July 2022

Udalguri district
District of Assam
Paneri Tea Garden
Paneri Tea Garden
Country India
State Assam
Territorial Region Bodoland
HeadquartersUdalguri
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesMangaldoi
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesPanery, Udalguri, Majbat
Area
 • Total1,852.16 km2 (715.12 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total831,668
 • Density450/km2 (1,200/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
PIN
784509
Telephone code03711
ISO 3166 codeIN-AS
Vehicle registrationAS-27
Websiteudalguri.gov.in

Udalguri district (Pron:ˌʊdʌlˈgʊəri), also known as Odalguri, is a district in the Bodoland Territorial Region of the state of Assam in Northeastern India. Udalguri town is the headquarters of the district.

Etymology

The name Udalguri, denotes a place surrounding the Udal tree (Udal, meaning a tree and Guri meaning surrounding area). Some authors are of the opinion that the name of the place became Udalguri as there was a hermitage of a sage named Uddalak Muni. Yet, another source mentions that the word has origins in the Boro language. From the Bodo words ordla and gundri, the name became Ordlagundri > Ordlagundi > Odalguri > Ugalguri. Bodo people still pronounce the name as Odalguri. In Bodo language ordla means wide and spacious and gundri means powdered object.[1]

History

This district was formed on June 14, 2004[2] as one of the four districts under the Bodoland Territorial Council. This district was carved out by bifurcating Darrang district.[2] The territory of the present district was earlier Udalguri sub-division of the undivided district. There are Hindu, Christians and Muslim population living together in the district. This was a very peaceful place till mid 80s but various communal clashes took place from time to time. Late Jojaram Sharma was one of the prominent India freedom fighters from Assam lived here.

Tourism

Other than the multitude of culture and tradition of the various ethnic communities, the district has several tourist places. Some of the important ones are,

  1. Part of Orang National Park
  2. Bathou temple and Research centre in Odalguri District (All Bathou Mahasabha)
  3. Old Namghar (Assamese Worship Place) in Udalguri Town
  4. Tea gardens at Kachubil
  5. Old Hanuman temple in Udalguri Town
  6. Old Baptist Christian church in Udalguri Town
  7. Bhairabkunda Picnic Spot[3]
  8. Gethsemane Man-made Forest (Bhairabkunda)[4][5][6][7]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
190172,515—    
191172,634+0.02%
192181,624+1.17%
1931102,727+2.33%
1941138,593+3.04%
1951172,046+2.19%
1961278,788+4.95%
1971439,022+4.65%
1991692,919+2.31%
2001758,746+0.91%
2011831,668+0.92%
source:[8]

According to the 2011 census Udalguri district's population is 8,31,668, an increase of 9.8% over 2001.[9] The literacy rate is 66.6% and the gender ratio is 966.[9] There are 449 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,160/sq mi).[9] Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.55% and 32.15% of the population respectively.

The district is multi-ethnic and multi-religious in nature. Bodos forms the largest ethnic group in the district with 33.76% of the district's population. Other ethnic groups with significant population are Adivasi community with almost 23.12% and Bengali Muslims with 12% of the district's population. Assamese and Bengali Hindus resides mainly in urban areas. There is also a presence of sizeable Nepali speaking Indian Gorkha community with estimated 5% of the district's population thinly scattered across the Udalguri district.

Religion

Religions in Udalguri district (2011)[9]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 73.64%
Christianity
 
 13.25%
Islam
 
 12.66%
Other or not stated
 
 0.45%

Hindus are the largest group in the district, making up 612,425 which is 73.64% of the population. There are also 110,215 Christians (13.25%) and 108,319 Muslims (12.66%) in the district.

Languages

Languages of Udalguri district (2011)

  Boro (26.90%)
  Assamese (22.62%)
  Bengali (19.43%)
  Sadri (7.88%)
  Nepali (5.60%)
  Santali (2.79%)
  Odia (2.64%)
  Kurukh (2.08%)
  Hindi (1.66%)
  Mundari (1.57%)
  Bhojpuri (1.45%)
  Others (5.38%)

According to the 2011 census, 26.90% of the population speaks Boro, 22.62% Assamese, 19.43% Bengali, 7.88% Sadri, 5.6% Nepali, 2.79% Santali, 2.64% Odia, 2.08% Kurukh, 1.66% Hindi, 1.57% Mundari and 1.45% Bhojpuri as their first language.[10]

Geography

This district is bounded by Bhutan and West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh state in the north, Sonitpur district in the east, Darrang district in the south and Tamulpur district in the west. Area of the district is 1852.16 km2.[11]

Major Towns

Tangla is the largest town in Udalguri district. Other towns include Odalguri, Rowta, Mazbat, Kalaigaon, Paneri, Khairabari and Bhergaon.

Wildlife Sanctuary

Flora and fauna

In 1990, Udalguri district became home to Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 26.22 km2 (10.1 sq mi).[12] It shares the park with four other districts.

Animals like elephants, Hog Deer, Tiger, Wild Boar, Civet, etc. are found. Birds like Bengal Florican, Black-necked Stork, Greater Adjudant Stork, Pallas's Fishing Eagle and Reptiles such as King Cobra, Python, Paradise Flying Snake,[13] Lessemys Punctate, etc. can also be found.

Administration

Divisions

The district has two sub-divisions: Udalguri and Bhergaon. These two sub-divisions are further divided into 5 revenue circles: Udalguri, Majbat, Harisinga, Kalaigaon, Khoirabari.

Three Vidhan Sabha constituencies of this district are Paneri, Majbat, and Udalguri. All of these are part of Mangaldoi Lok Sabha constituency.

Apart from these three Legislative Assembly constituencies, majority of the villages under Kalaigaon Legislative Assembly Constituency and a few villages fall under the Borsola Legislative Assembly Constituency fall in Udalguri District. While Kalaigaon LAC is a part of Mangaldai Lok Sabha Constituency and Borsola LAC is a part of Tezpur Lok Sabha Constituency.

Dhansiri Irrigation Project, the largest irrigation project in the region is situated in Udalguri.

References

  1. ↑ http://udalguri.gov.in/districthistory.html [dead link]
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Law, Gwillim (2011-09-25). "Districts of India". Statoids. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
  3. ↑ "HOME". udalguri.gov.in. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
  4. ↑ "Afforestation changes life and landscape: How a district in Assam lost a forest, gained a future". The Indian Express. 2017-12-25. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
  5. ↑ "Unknown saviors of the environment: Thirty-five men create a forest from barren land". Mongabay Environmental News. 2020-01-24. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
  6. ↑ Desk, Sentinel Digital (2019-07-15). "Joint Forest Management Committee attempts transforming 60 hectares land into green jungle- Sentinelassam". www.sentinelassam.com. Retrieved 2020-05-15. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  7. ↑ "Man-made forest at Bhairabkunda". Assam Times. 2016-07-20. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
  8. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in.
  10. ↑ "C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Udalguri". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  11. ↑ Assam state website – Udalguri district
  12. ↑ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Assam". Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
  13. ↑ "Flying snake found at Bhairabkunda". Assam Times. 2016-04-03. Retrieved 2020-05-15.

External links


26°44′42.72″N 92°05′46.32″E / 26.7452000°N 92.0962000°E / 26.7452000; 92.0962000

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