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'''Krishna district''' is one of the [[List of districts of Andhra Pradesh|twenty-six districts]] in the [[India | '''Krishna district''' is one of the [[List of districts of Andhra Pradesh|twenty-six districts]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]], with [[Machilipatnam]] as its administrative headquarters. It is the coastal district of Andhra Pradesh. [[Machilipatnam]] is the [[List of cities in Andhra Pradesh|most populated city]] in the district. It is surrounded on the east by [[Bay of Bengal]], west by [[Guntur district|Guntur]] and north by [[Eluru district|Eluru]] and [[NTR district|NTR]] districts and south again by [[Bay of Bengal]].<ref name=aponline>{{cite web|title=Krishna district|url=http://www.ap.gov.in/about-ap/districts/krishna/|publisher=AP state portal|access-date=18 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160206133944/http://www.ap.gov.in/about-ap/districts/krishna/|archive-date=6 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=NEW_District Profile {{!}} Krishna District, Government of Andhra Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://krishna.ap.gov.in/new_district-profile/ |access-date=2022-04-03 |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2022 Krishna district was divided into Krishna and [[NTR district|NTR]] districts.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-05 |title=Andhra Pradesh's 13 New Districts: Here's All About Them – From Planning to Formation {{!}} Explained |url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/andhra-pradeshs-13-new-districts-heres-all-about-them-from-planning-to-formation-explained-4945043.html |access-date=2022-04-09 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
== Etymology == | == Etymology == | ||
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{{As of|2011}} [[2011 census of India|census of India]], the district had a population of 4,517,398 with a density of 518 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. The total population constitute, 2,267,375 males and 2,250,023 females –a ratio of 992 females per 1000 males. The total urban population is {{formatnum:1843660}} (40.81%).<ref name="census">{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook – Guntur|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2816_PART_B_DCHB_KRISHNA.pdf|website=Census of India|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner|access-date=13 May 2016|format=PDF}}</ref>{{rp|20}} There are {{formatnum:3009718}} literates with a literacy rate of 73.74%.<ref name=census />{{rp|21}} | {{As of|2011}} [[2011 census of India|census of India]], the district had a population of 4,517,398 with a density of 518 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. The total population constitute, 2,267,375 males and 2,250,023 females –a ratio of 992 females per 1000 males. The total urban population is {{formatnum:1843660}} (40.81%).<ref name="census">{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook – Guntur|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2816_PART_B_DCHB_KRISHNA.pdf|website=Census of India|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner|access-date=13 May 2016|format=PDF}}</ref>{{rp|20}} There are {{formatnum:3009718}} literates with a literacy rate of 73.74%.<ref name=census />{{rp|21}} | ||
After reorganization the district had a population of 17,35,079. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 346,989 (20.00%) and 37,716 (2.17%) of the population respectively.<ref name="demographics">{{cite web |title=District Census Hand Book – Krishna |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2816_PART_A_DCHB_KRISHNA.pdf |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>{{rp| | After reorganization the district had a population of 17,35,079. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 346,989 (20.00%) and 37,716 (2.17%) of the population respectively.<ref name="demographics">{{cite web |title=District Census Hand Book – Krishna |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2816_PART_A_DCHB_KRISHNA.pdf |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>{{rp|79–83}} | ||
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=8,61,068|13=1911|14=9,93,086|15=1921|16=10,59,731|17=1931|18=12,29,176|19=1941|20=14,13,516|21=1951|22=17,36,429|23=1961|24=20,76,956|25=1971|26=24,93,574|27=1981|28=30,48,463|29=1991|30=36,98,833|31=2001|32=41,87,841|33=2011|34=45,17,398|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}} | {{historical populations|11=1901|12=8,61,068|13=1911|14=9,93,086|15=1921|16=10,59,731|17=1931|18=12,29,176|19=1941|20=14,13,516|21=1951|22=17,36,429|23=1961|24=20,76,956|25=1971|26=24,93,574|27=1981|28=30,48,463|29=1991|30=36,98,833|31=2001|32=41,87,841|33=2011|34=45,17,398|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}} | ||
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=== Road === | === Road === | ||
The District is well served by Roads and Railways. 502 villages (including some of the major hamlets) have been connected with transport facilities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Krishna District, Government of Andhra Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://krishna.ap.gov.in/ |access-date=2022-06-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> The total road length of [[state highway]]s in the district is {{Convert|1188|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aprdc.ap.gov.in/Documents/DOWNLOADDOCUMENTS/STATE%20SH%20ROADS.pdf|title=Existing State Highways|website=Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation|publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh|page=1|format=PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920122729/http://aprdc.ap.gov.in/Documents/DOWNLOADDOCUMENTS/STATE%20SH%20ROADS.pdf|archive-date=20 September 2018|access-date=11 May 2019}}</ref | The District is well served by Roads and Railways. 502 villages (including some of the major hamlets) have been connected with transport facilities.<ref name="krishna.ap.gov.in">{{Cite web |title=Krishna District, Government of Andhra Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://krishna.ap.gov.in/ |access-date=2022-06-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> The total road length of [[state highway]]s in the district is {{Convert|1188|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref name="apedb" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://aprdc.ap.gov.in/Documents/DOWNLOADDOCUMENTS/STATE%20SH%20ROADS.pdf|title=Existing State Highways|website=Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation|publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh|page=1|format=PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920122729/http://aprdc.ap.gov.in/Documents/DOWNLOADDOCUMENTS/STATE%20SH%20ROADS.pdf|archive-date=20 September 2018|access-date=11 May 2019}}</ref> Four national highways pass through the district namely [[National Highway 16 (India)|NH16]] from [[Chennai]] to [[Kolkata]], [[National Highway 65 (India)|NH 65]] from [[Pune]] to [[Machilipatnam]], [[National Highway 165 (India)|NH165]] from [[Pamarru (Assembly constituency)|Pamarru]] to [[Palakollu]], [[National Highway 216 (India)|NH216]] from [[Ongole]] to [[Kattipudi|Kathipudi]]. | ||
[[Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation|APSRTC]] is the major road transport corporation, operates Bus services from District headquarters [[Machilipatnam]] to [[Vijayawada]], [[Eluru]], [[Hanuman Junction]], [[Gudivada]], [[Avanigadda]], [[Repalle]], [[Kakinada]], [[Narasapuram|Narsapuram]], [[Bhimavaram]], [[Visakhapatnam]], [[Srikakulam]], [[Palasa]], [[Palakonda]], [[Parvathipuram, Andhra Pradesh|Parvathipuram]], [[Rajahmundry]]. | [[Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation|APSRTC]] is the major road transport corporation, operates Bus services from District headquarters [[Machilipatnam]] to [[Vijayawada]], [[Eluru]], [[Hanuman Junction]], [[Gudivada]], [[Avanigadda]], [[Repalle]], [[Kakinada]], [[Narasapuram|Narsapuram]], [[Bhimavaram]], [[Visakhapatnam]], [[Srikakulam]], [[Palasa]], [[Palakonda]], [[Parvathipuram, Andhra Pradesh|Parvathipuram]], [[Rajahmundry]]. | ||
=== Rail === | === Rail === | ||
There exists {{Convert|97|km|abbr=on}} of rail network in the district. [[Gudivada Junction railway station]] is the major railway junction in the district and [[Machilipatnam railway station]] is the major railway station in the district.<ref | There exists {{Convert|97|km|abbr=on}} of rail network in the district. [[Gudivada Junction railway station]] is the major railway junction in the district and [[Machilipatnam railway station]] is the major railway station in the district.<ref name="krishna.ap.gov.in"/> | ||
=== Water === | === Water === |