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{{About|the municipality in India|its namesake district|Jamnagar district|the merchant ship and Royal Indian Navy patrol vessel|HMIS Jamnagar}}
{{Short description|City in Gujarat, India}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{About|the city in India|its namesake district|Jamnagar District}}
{{advert|date=April 2019}}
{{more citations needed|date=June 2021}}
{{more citations needed|date=June 2021}}
{{Copy edit|date=December 2021}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jamnagar
| name = Jamnagar
| native_name =
| other_name = Nawanagar
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| settlement_type = metropolitan city/urban agglomeration
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| image_skyline ={{Photomontage
| photo1a = Lakhota lake Jamnagar, Golden hours.jpg
| photo1a = Lakota lake Jamnagar, Golden hours.jpg
| photo2a = Swaminaryan Temple.jpg
| photo2a = Saifee Tower Jamnagar2 - panoramio.jpg
| photo2b = Lesser Flamingos near Jamnagar railway station DSCN1800 1.jpg
| photo2b = Khambalia gate by dherendra.jpg
| photo3a = Darbar Garh Market Jamnagar - panoramio.jpg
| photo3a = Lakhota Palace, Jamnagar.jpg
| size                            = 280
| size                            = 280
| spacing                        = 1
| spacing                        = 1
| position                        = centre
| position                        = centre
| border                          = 0
| border                          = 0
| color                          = white  
| color                          = white
}}
}}
| imagesize =
| image_caption = Clockwise from top: Lakhota Lake, Lesser Flamingos, Darbar Garh Market, Swaminaryan Temple
| image_alt =
| nicknames = Jewel of Kathiawar, Paris of Saurashtra, Brass City
| image_caption = Clockwise from top: Lakhota Lake, Khambalia Gate, Lakhota Palace, Saifee Tower
| pushpin_map = India Gujarat#India
| nickname = Jewel of Kathiawar, Paris of Saurashtra, Oil city, Brass city, Chhota Kashi, Halar
| pushpin_map = India Gujarat
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_alt =  
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Gujarat, India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Gujarat, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.47|N|70.07|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|22.47|N|70.07|E|display=inline,title}}
| blank_emblem_type = Logo of the Jamnagar Municipal Corporation
| blank_emblem_size = 100px
| image_blank_emblem = Jamnagar Municipal Corporation logo.png
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
Line 41: Line 37:
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Jamnagar district|Jamnagar]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Jamnagar district|Jamnagar]]
| established_title = Established in
| founder = Jam Rawal Jadeja
| established_date = 1540 A.D. By Jam Raval<ref>http://www.mcjamnagar.com/</ref>
| established_title = Established
| named_for =
| established_date = August 1540<ref>[https://jamnagar.nic.in/ District Jamnagar, Government of Gujarat]</ref>
| government_type = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]]
| government_type = [[Municipal Corporation (India)|Municipal Corporation]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_title =  
| leader_name = Binaben Kothari
| leader_name =  
<ref name="deshgurat">{{cite web|url= https://www.deshgujarat.com/2018/06/15/hasmukh-jethwa-is-new-mayor-of-jamnagar-karsan-karmur-his-deputy/|title=Hasmukh Jethwa is new Mayor of Jamnagar, Karsan Karmur his deputy |date=15 Jun 2018 |publisher=deshgurat }}</ref>
| leader_title1 = Mayor
| leader_title1 = Deputy Mayor
| leader_name1 = Vinodbhai Khimsurya<ref name="mcjamnagar">{{Cite web |title=Jamnagar Municipal Corporation |url=https://www.mcjamnagar.com/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250914162555/https://www.mcjamnagar.com/ |archive-date=2025-09-14 |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=mcjamnagar.com}}</ref>
| leader_name1 = Karsan Karmur
<ref name="deshgurat"/>
| leader_title2 = Indian police services(IPS)
| leader_name2 = Shaffin Hassan<ref>| leader_title3 = Indian police services(IPS)
| leader_name3 = SHRI Shaffin hassan
http://www.mcjamnagar.com/commissioner-details.asp {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150423011024/http://www.mcjamnagar.com/commissioner-details.asp |date=23 April 2015 }}</ref>
| leader_title3 = Police Commissioner
| leader_name3 = depen bhadran
<ref>
{{cite web|url= https://www.indianbureaucracy.com/sharad-singhal-ips-appointed-sp-jamnagar-gujarat/|title=Sharad Singhal IPS appointed SP- Jamnagar|date=26 July 2018 |publisher=Indianbureaucracy}}
</ref>
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="AMC">{{cite web|title=Amdavad city |url=http://www.egovamc.com/AhmCity/introduction_Eng.aspx |work=[[Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]] |access-date=20 June 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627122123/http://www.egovamc.com/AhmCity/introduction_Eng.aspx |archive-date=27 June 2013 }}</ref>
| area_footnotes = <ref name="AMC">{{cite web|title=Amdavad city |url=http://www.egovamc.com/AhmCity/introduction_Eng.aspx |work=[[Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]] |access-date=20 June 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627122123/http://www.egovamc.com/AhmCity/introduction_Eng.aspx |archive-date=27 June 2013 }}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 125
| area_total_km2 = 121.80
| area_rank = 5
| area_rank = 6
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =  
| elevation_m = 17
| elevation_m = 17
| population_total = 479920
| population_total = 877,000 (Metropolitan)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jamnagar City Population 2025 {{!}} Literacy and Hindu Muslim Population |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/328-jamnagar.html |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>
<ref name="census2011.co.in">{{Cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/328-jamnagar.html|title=Jamnagar City Population Census 2011-2021 &#124; Gujarat}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2025
| population_as_of = 2011 census
| population_rank = [[List of most populous cities in India|India]] : [[List of most populous cities in India|87th]]<br />
| population_rank                 = [[List of most populous cities in India|India]] : [[List of most populous cities in India|87]]{{break}}
| population_density_km2 = 5,780
| population_density_km2 = 5780
| population_demonym = Jamnagari
| population_demonym = Jamnagari
| population_footnotes =
| population_footnotes =  
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics_type1 =  
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_title1 =  
| demographics1_info1 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], English
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 361 001-09
| postal_code = 361001-09
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 0288
| area_code = 0288
| registration_plate = GJ-10
| registration_plate = GJ-10
| blank2_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank2_info_sec1 = 82.58%(2011)<ref name="census2011.co.in"/>
| website = {{URL|www.mcjamnagar.com}}
| website = {{URL|www.mcjamnagar.com}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =  
| blank_name_sec1 =
| governing_body = Jamnagar Municipal Corporation
}}
}}
'''Jamnagar''' ({{audio|Jamnagar.ogg|pronunciation}}) is a city located on the western coast of India in the state of [[Gujarat]] in the [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra region]]. It is the administrative headquarters of the [[Jamnagar district]]. Jamnagar is the largest city on the west coast of India and is the fifth largest city of Gujarat, after [[Ahmedabad]], [[Surat]], [[Vadodara]], and [[Rajkot]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Jamnagar, Gujarat {{!}} I LOVE JAMNAGAR |url=https://www.ilovejamnagar.com/about-jamnagar-gujarat/ |access-date=2022-03-31 |language=en-US}}</ref>
'''Jamnagar''' ({{Indic Transl|gu|Jāmnagar|dʒaːmᵊn̪əgəɾᵊ|Jamnagar.ogg}}) is a city and the headquarters of [[Jamnagar district]] in the [[Indian state]] of [[Gujarat]]. The city lies just to the south of the [[Gulf of Kutch]], some {{convert|337|km}} west of the state capital, [[Gandhinagar]]. The city was the capital of [[Nawanagar State|Nawanagar princely state]] during [[British Raj]].<ref name=":2" />
 
India's largest private company, [[Reliance Industries]], has established the world's largest [[Jamnagar Refinery|oil refining and petrochemicals complex]] in Jamnagar district.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jamnagar: Reliance Industries Limited |url=http://www.ril.com/html/aboutus/manufact_jamnagar.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024225136/http://www.ril.com/html/aboutus/manufact_jamnagar.html |archive-date=24 October 2008 |access-date=30 October 2008}}</ref>
 
The [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) and the [[Government of India]] signed an agreement to establish the WHO Global Centre for Traditional Medicine in Jamnagar. This global knowledge centre for traditional medicine, supported by an investment of USD 250 million from the [[Government of India]], aims to harness the potential of traditional medicine from across the world through modern science and technology to improve the health of people and the planet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/25-03-2022-who-establishes-the-global-centre-for-traditional-medicine-in-india|title=WHO establishes the Global Centre for Traditional Medicine in India|website=www.who.int}}</ref>


The modern look of the city was initially given by Jamsaib. He was instrumental in building the modern infrastructure of the city during his reign in the 1920s. Thereafter, the city was substantially developed by Jam Saheb Shri [[Digvijaysinhji Ranjitsinhji]] in the 1940s, when it was part of the [[Princely state]] of [[Nawanagar State|Nawanagar]]. The city lies just to the south of the [[Gulf of Kutch]], some {{convert|337|km}} west of the state capital, [[Gandhinagar]].
India's largest private company, [[Reliance Industries]] is developing the world's largest zoo at a location of 28 kms from Jamnagar city.


India's largest private company, [[Reliance Industries]], has established the world's largest [[Jamnagar Refinery|Oil Refining and Petrochemicals Complex]] near the village of Moti Khavdi in Jamnagar district.<ref>Reliance Industries Limited – Jamnagar {{cite web |url=http://www.ril.com/html/aboutus/manufact_jamnagar.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=30 October 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024225136/http://www.ril.com/html/aboutus/manufact_jamnagar.html |archive-date=24 October 2008 }}</ref> The [[Essar Refinery|Nayara Energy refinery]] which is the second largest private refinery in India is located in the nearby town of [[Vadinar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/essar/ |title=Essar Oil Refinery, Vadinar, Gujarat |publisher=Hydrocarbons Technology |access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref> The [[Nayara Energy]] (formerly [[Essar Oil]]) Refinery is supplemented by its own Thermal Power Plant and a private port for handling crude oil.
[[Jamnagar Municipal Corporation]] is planning to develop the riverfront on [[Rangmati River|Rangmati]] – [[Nagmati River|Nagmati]] river at an approximate cost of around Rs. 500 crores.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tv9gujarati.com/gujarat/jamnagar/plan-to-build-riverfront-on-rangmati-nagmati-river-in-jamnagar-only-on-paper-for-7-years-479017.html |title=Jamnagar: રંગમતી, નાગમતિ નદી પર રિવરફ્રન્ટ બનાવવાની યોજના 7 વર્ષથી માત્ર કાગળ પર, જાણો વિકાસને ક્યા ગ્રહણ લાગ્યુ ? |date=17 April 2022 }}</ref>
 
Jamnagar is famous for its traditional Bandhani (tie-dye) textiles, intricate silver and brass jewelry, unique handicrafts like agate paperweights, and specific snacks like Dryfruit Kachori and Ghughra, reflecting [[Gujarat]]'s rich culture and craftsmanship, alongside its status as a major industrial hub for oil refining ([[Reliance Industries]] ).<ref>https://www.tourmyindia.com/states/gujarat/shopping-in-jamnagar.html</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
{{main|Nawanagar State|Jam Sahib}}
{{main|Nawanagar State|Jam Sahib}}
[[File:Ranjitsinhji.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Maharaja Jamsaheb Shri of Nawanagar]]
[[File:Ranjitsinh.jpeg|thumb|upright|Picture of Ranjitsinhji, celebrated cricketer and Maharaja of Nawanagar.]]
[[File:Flag of Nawanagar.png|thumb|left|upright|Flag of the Princely State of [[Nawanagar State|Nawanagar]]]]


Nawanagar was founded by [[Jam Rawal]] in 1540 as the capital of the eponymous [[princely state]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Rosemary Crill|author2=Kapil Jariwala|title=The Indian Portrait, 1560–1860|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ongF6dkNKAcC|year=2010|publisher=Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd|isbn=978-81-89995-37-9|page=88}}</ref> Jamnagar, historically known as Nawanagar (the new town), was one of the most important and the largest princely states of the [[Jadeja]]s in the [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra region]]. It was a 13 gun salute state.
[[File:Ranjitsinhji.jpg|thumb|left|Maharaja Jamsaheb Shri of Nawanagar]]


According to historical records, [[Bahadur Shah of Gujarat|Bahadur Shah]], Sultan of [[Gujarat]], bestowed upon Jam Lakhaji twelve villages in recognition of his role in the siege of [[Pawagadh]]. Jam Lakhaji, however, was killed by his cousins, Tamachi Deda and Jam Hamir Jadeja, after he took possession of the villages. His son, Jam Rawal, thereafter murdered his father's killers and became ruler of [[Kutch State|Cutch]].
Nawanagar was founded by [[Jam Rawal]] in 1540 as the capital of the eponymous [[princely state]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Crill |first1=Rosemary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ongF6dkNKAcC |title=The Indian Portrait, 1560–1860 |last2=Jariwala |first2=Kapil |publisher=Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd |year=2010 |isbn=978-81-89995-37-9 |page=88 |language=en |via=Google Books}}</ref> Jamnagar, historically known as Nawanagar (the new town), was one of the most important and the largest princely states of the [[Jadeja]]s in the [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra region]]. It was a thirteen-gun [[salute state]].


Hamirji's two sons [[Khengarji]] and Sahibji served the Sultan of Gujarat. During a hunt, the two brothers saved the Sultan from being killed by a [[Asiatic lion|lion]]. As a reward for their valour, an army was sent with them to regain their kingdom. When Jam Rawal heard of the two princes coming back to the Kutch with the imperial army, he prepared for battle.
According to historical records, [[Bahadur Shah of Gujarat|Bahadur Shah]], [[Sultan]] of [[Gujarat]] bestowed upon Jam Lakhaji twelve villages in recognition of his role in the siege of [[Pawagadh]]. Shortly after he took possession of the villages, Jam Lakhaji was killed by his cousins, Tamachi Deda and Jam Hamir Jadeja. His son, Jam Rawal, murdered his father's killers and became ruler of [[Kutch State|Kutch]]. The [[Kutch State|State of Kutch]] was semi-independent from the [[Gujarat Sultanate]].


One night, Goddess Ashapuraji, the supreme deity of the Jadeja Clan of [[Rajputs]], appeared to Jam Rawal in a dream and told him that although he had broken an oath taken in her name not to kill Hamirji, even though he was the person responsible for his death, she had refrained from punishing him because he had at all other times honoured her, but he was no longer to dwell in Cutch.
Hamirji's sons, [[Khengarji]] and Sahibji, served the Sultan of Gujarat. During a hunt, the brothers saved the Sultan from being killed by a [[Asiatic lion|lion]]. As a reward for their valour, the Sultan sent an army with them to regain their kingdom. Jam Rawal prepared for battle after hearing that the two princes were returning to Kutch with the imperial army.


Jam Rawal and his entourage marched out of Cutch, attacked and killed Tamachi Deda, the main conspirator in the killing of his father, and conquered the town of Amran and its dependencies. Jam Rawal bestowed the rule of Dhrol province on his younger brother Hardholji, who was later killed in battle at Mithoi near Khambhalia, whereupon the throne passed on to his eldest son, Jasoji. Jam Rawal conquered parts of Saurashtra and formed his kingdom with 999 villages named it as [[Halar]].
Goddess Ashapuraji, the supreme deity of the Jadeja Clan of [[Rajputs]], appeared to Jam Rawal in a dream. She told him that although he had broken an oath taken in her name not to kill Hamirji, she had refrained from punishing him because he had previously honoured her. She said that Jam Rawal was no longer to dwell in Kutch.


Once on a hunting trip in present-day Jamnagar, a hare was found to be brave enough to turn on the hunting dogs and put them to flight. Deeply impressed by this, Jam Rawal thought that if this land could breed such hares, the men born here would be superior to other men, and accordingly he made this place his capital.
As Jam Rawal and his entourage marched out of Kutch, they attacked and killed Tamachi Deda, the main conspirator in the murder of Jam Lakhaji. Jam Rawal also conquered the town of Amran and its dependencies, bestowing the rule of [[Dhrol]] province on his younger brother Hardholji. Hardholji died in battle at Mithoi near [[Khambhalia]], passing the throne to his eldest son Jasoji. Jam Rawal conquered parts of Saurashtra and formed his kingdom with 999 villages named [[Halar]].


On the seventh day of the bright half of the month of [[Shrawan (Nepali calendar)|Shrawan]], [[Vikram Samvat|V.S.]] 1956 (August 1540) on the banks of the rivers Rangmati and Nagmati, he laid the foundation of his new capital and named it Nawanagar (new town), which after few centuries came to be known as ''Jamnagar'', meaning the town of the JAM's.
While on a hunting trip in present-day Jamnagar, Jam Rawal's hunting dogs were scared by a hare brave enough to turn on them. Jam Rawal thought that if this land could breed such hares, the men born here would be superior to other men. As a result, he made this place his capital.
[[File:Flag of Nawanagar.png|thumb|left|Flag of the Princely State of [[Nawanagar State|Nawanagar]]]]
On the seventh day of the bright half of the month of [[Shrawan (Nepali calendar)|Shrawan]], [[Vikram Samvat|V.S.]]1956 (August 1540) on the banks of the [[Rangmati River|Rangmati]] and [[Nagmati River|Nagmati]] rivers, Jam Rawal laid the foundation of his new capital and named it Nawanagar (new town). After a few centuries, its name changed to Jamnagar or the Town of the JAMs.


== Climate ==
During the 18th century, Nawanagar was ruled by the Jadeja Rajputs, who were known for their bravery and military prowess. They fought many battles with the neighbouring states and played a significant role in defending the region against foreign invasions.


Jamnagar has a hot [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: BSh). There are three defined seasons. The "hot" season lasts from March to May and is extremely hot and humid, before giving way to the "wet" season with extremely erratic monsoonal rainfall<ref>Kane, R.P.; "Extreme of the ENSO Phenomenon and Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall" in ''International Journal of Climatology''; 18: 775–791 (1998)</ref> that averages around {{convert|630|mm|in|0}} but has varied from less than {{convert|100|mm|in}} in 1911 and 1939 to over {{convert|1500|mm|in|1}} for the district in 2010.<ref>[http://www.imd.gov.in/section/hydro/distrainfall/webrain/gujarat/jamnagar.txt District rainfall statistics for Jamnagar] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301193437/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/hydro/distrainfall/webrain/gujarat/jamnagar.txt |date=1 March 2014 }}</ref> [[Tropical cyclone]]s sometimes affect the region during this period. The "cool" season from October to February remains hot during the day but has negligible rainfall, low humidity and cool nights, so it is by far the most comfortable time of year.
In 1807, Nawanagar became a princely state under the British Raj. The first ruler of the state was Maharaja Ranjit Singhji, who was known for his progressive policies and efforts to modernize the state. He built many schools, hospitals, and other public facilities, and introduced a number of reforms to improve the lives of his subjects.<ref name=":2">{{cite web | url=https://newg.in/history/history-of-jamnagar | title=History of Jamnagar | date=14 May 2023 }}</ref>


The highest recorded temperature was {{convert|47|C}} on 5 May 1990, while the lowest recorded temperature was {{convert|1|C}} on 5 February 1984.<ref name="Voodoo Skies">{{cite web |title=Jamnagar, India |url=http://voodooskies.com/weather/india/jamnagar |publisher=Voodoo Skies |access-date=5 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511092655/http://voodooskies.com/weather/india/jamnagar |archive-date=11 May 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Jamsaib was instrumental in creating the city's modern infrastructure during his reign in the 1920s. Jam Saheb Shri [[Digvijaysinhji Ranjitsinhji]] expanded the city's development in the 1940s when it was part of the [[Princely state]] of [[Nawanagar State|Nawanagar]].


{{Weather box
== Geography ==
|metric first=yes
Major communities include the [[Jadeja]], Khavas Rajput, Charan ([[Charan|Gadhvi]]), Satvaras ([[Dalvadi]]s), [[Ahir]]s [[Sagar caste|Sagars]], [[Patel]]s, [[Bhanushali]]s, [[Rajput]]s, [[Mers people|Mers]], [[Jainism|Jains]], [[Lohana]]s, [[Brahmin]]s, [[Bhoi]] (Bhoiraj), and [[Vagher]]s (Muslim and Hindu)
|single line=yes
|location=Jamnagar
|temperature colour=pastel
|Jan record high C=36
|Feb record high C=38
|Mar record high C=44
|Apr record high C=45
|May record high C=47
|Jun record high C=46
|Jul record high C=40
|Aug record high C=39
|Sep record high C=41
|Oct record high C=43
|Nov record high C=40
|Dec record high C=38


|Jan high C=26.5
[[File:Mangroves_Jungle_besides_water_canal_towards_Pirotan.jpg|thumb|Mangroves jungle along canal near Pirotan Island]]
|Feb high C=28.8
There are two important ports close to Jamnagar. [[Rozi Port]] is on the shore of the [[Gulf of Kutch]]; [[Bedi Port]] is two nautical miles ({{convert|4|km}}) inland on the [[Rangmati River|Rangamati River]]. Bedi Port is an all-weather intermediate seaport that exports various commodities, including [[bauxite]], soya meal extracts, and ground nut extracts. The port's imports include coal, fertilizer, and other items.
|Mar high C=33
|Apr high C=35.6
|May high C=36.4
|Jun high C=35.9
|Jul high C=32.3
|Aug high C=31.5
|Sep high C=32
|Oct high C=34.5
|Nov high C=32.4
|Dec high C=28


|Jan mean C=18.6
The [[coral reef]] island of [[Pirotan]] is one of the 42 islands which compose the [[Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch|Marine National Park]]. Pirotan lies in the [[Arabian Sea]], 12 nautical miles off the coast, and stretches up to {{Convert|3|km2|sqmi}}.
|Feb mean C=20.9
|Mar mean C=25.4
|Apr mean C=28.6
|May mean C=30.9
|Jun mean C=31.4
|Jul mean C=29.2
|Aug mean C=28.4
|Sep mean C=27.9
|Oct mean C=28
|Nov mean C=24.3
|Dec mean C=20.1


|Jan low C=9.7
[[Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary|Khijadia Bird Sanctuary]], located {{convert|10|km}} northeast of Jamnagar, was established 6 November 1982.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-07-21 |title=A Heaven for Waders |url=http://www.waders.in/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1326&Itemid=29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721181710/http://www.waders.in/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1326&Itemid=29 |archive-date=21 July 2011 |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=Waders Wildlife and Birding Tours of Gujarat and Kutch |publisher=Web Archive}}</ref> It features a seasonal freshwater shallow lake, inter-tidal mudflats, creeks, saltpans, saline land, and mangrove scrub.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 June 2010 |title=Welcome to the Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India |url=http://www.khijadiyabirds.com/ |access-date=22 June 2012 |publisher=Khijadiyabirds.com |archive-date=15 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615132247/http://khijadiyabirds.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The place is a known breeding ground of the [[great crested grebe|Great Crested Grebe]], the [[little grebe|Little Grebe]], [[purple moorhen|Purple Moorhen]], [[Coot]], [[black-winged stilt|Black-winged Stilt]], and [[Pheasant-tailed jacana|Pheasant-tailed Jacana]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jamnagar, the bird watchers paradise |url=https://www.jamnagar.org/birding.htm |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=jamnagar.org}}</ref> Raptors, including [[Harrier (bird)|Harriers]], [[Eagle]]s, [[Hawk]]s, and [[Falcon]]s also live here. The sanctuary also shelters migratory birds such as [[Swallow]]s, [[Martin (bird)|Martins]], [[Wagtail]]s, and [[Waterfowl]].
|Feb low C=13.8
|Mar low C=17.8
|Apr low C=21.6
|May low C=25.4
|Jun low C=27
|Jul low C=26.2
|Aug low C=25.4
|Sep low C=23.9
|Oct low C=20.7
|Nov low C=14.7
|Dec low C=11.4


|Jan record low C=1
Jamnagar has huge reserves of [[bauxite]], with its mines contributing 95% of the total production in the state.<ref name="JMC">{{Cite web |title=Jamnagar Municipal Corporation |url=https://www.mcjamnagar.com/ |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=www.mcjamnagar.com}}</ref>
|Feb record low C=1
|Mar record low C=9
|Apr record low C=13
|May record low C=18
|Jun record low C=20
|Jul record low C=10
|Aug record low C=12
|Sep record low C=16
|Oct record low C=11
|Nov record low C=8
|Dec record low C=1


|precipitation colour=green
=== Climate ===
|Jan precipitation mm=1
Jamnagar has a hot [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''BSh''). There are three defined seasons. The hot season lasts from March to May and is extremely hot and humid. Next is the wet season with extremely erratic monsoonal rainfall<ref>Kane, R.P.; "Extreme of the ENSO Phenomenon and Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall" in ''International Journal of Climatology''; 18: 775–791 (1998)</ref> that averages around {{convert|500|mm|in|0}}. However, rainfall has varied from less than {{convert|100|mm|in}} in 1911 and 1939 to over {{convert|1500|mm|in|1}} in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=India Meteorological Department|url=http://www.imd.gov.in/section/hydro/distrainfall/webrain/gujarat/jamnagar.txt|title=District rainfall statistics for Jamnagar|access-date=1 March 2014|archive-date=1 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301193437/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/hydro/distrainfall/webrain/gujarat/jamnagar.txt|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Tropical cyclone]]s sometimes affect the region during this period. The cool season is from October to February when it remains hot during the day but has negligible rainfall, low humidity, and cool nights.
|Feb precipitation mm=1
|Mar precipitation mm=0
|Apr precipitation mm=0
|May precipitation mm=5
|Jun precipitation mm=61
|Jul precipitation mm=213
|Aug precipitation mm=126
|Sep precipitation mm=64
|Oct precipitation mm=11
|Nov precipitation mm=4
|Dec precipitation mm=1


|source 1= ''Climate-Data.org'' (altitude: 23m),<ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{cite web|title=Climate: Jamnagar – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/764419/ |publisher=Climate-Data.org |access-date=5 January 2014}}</ref> ''Voodoo Skies'' for record temperatures<ref name="Voodoo Skies"/>
The highest recorded temperature in Jamnagar was {{convert|47|C|1}} on 5 May 1990, while the lowest recorded temperature was {{convert|1|C|1}} on 5 February 1984.<ref name="Voodoo Skies">{{cite web |title=Jamnagar, India |url=http://voodooskies.com/weather/india/jamnagar |publisher=Voodoo Skies |access-date=5 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511092655/http://voodooskies.com/weather/india/jamnagar |archive-date=11 May 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


|source 2= [http://www.weatherforecastmap.com/india/jamnagar Jamnagar Weather]
{{Weather box
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| location = Jamnagar
| temperature colour = pastel
| Jan record high C = 36
| Feb record high C = 38
| Mar record high C = 44
| Apr record high C = 45
| May record high C = 47
| Jun record high C = 46
| Jul record high C = 40
| Aug record high C = 39
| Sep record high C = 41
| Oct record high C = 43
| Nov record high C = 40
| Dec record high C = 38
| Jan high C = 26.5
| Feb high C = 28.8
| Mar high C = 33
| Apr high C = 35.6
| May high C = 36.4
| Jun high C = 35.9
| Jul high C = 32.3
| Aug high C = 31.5
| Sep high C = 32
| Oct high C = 34.5
| Nov high C = 32.4
| Dec high C = 28
| Jan mean C = 18.6
| Feb mean C = 20.9
| Mar mean C = 25.4
| Apr mean C = 28.6
| May mean C = 30.9
| Jun mean C = 31.4
| Jul mean C = 29.2
| Aug mean C = 28.4
| Sep mean C = 27.9
| Oct mean C = 28
| Nov mean C = 24.3
| Dec mean C = 20.1
| Jan low C = 9.7
| Feb low C = 13.8
| Mar low C = 17.8
| Apr low C = 21.6
| May low C = 25.4
| Jun low C = 27
| Jul low C = 26.2
| Aug low C = 25.4
| Sep low C = 23.9
| Oct low C = 20.7
| Nov low C = 14.7
| Dec low C = 11.4
| Jan record low C = 1
| Feb record low C = 1
| Mar record low C = 9
| Apr record low C = 13
| May record low C = 18
| Jun record low C = 20
| Jul record low C = 10
| Aug record low C = 12
| Sep record low C = 16
| Oct record low C = 11
| Nov record low C = 8
| Dec record low C = 1
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 1
| Feb precipitation mm = 1
| Mar precipitation mm = 0
| Apr precipitation mm = 0
| May precipitation mm = 5
| Jun precipitation mm = 61
| Jul precipitation mm = 213
| Aug precipitation mm = 126
| Sep precipitation mm = 64
| Oct precipitation mm = 11
| Nov precipitation mm = 4
| Dec precipitation mm = 1
| source 1 = ''Climate-Data.org'' (altitude: {{convert|23|m|ft|0|disp=or}}),<ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{cite web|title=Climate: Jamnagar – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/764419/ |publisher=Climate-Data.org |access-date=5 January 2014}}</ref> ''Voodoo Skies'' for record temperatures<ref name="Voodoo Skies"/>
| source 2 = [http://www.weatherforecastmap.com/india/jamnagar Jamnagar Weather]
| date = June 2012
}}


|date = June 2012
== Demographics ==
Jamnagar metropolitan area population in 2025 is 8,77,000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jamnagar City Population 2025 {{!}} Literacy and Hindu Muslim Population |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/328-jamnagar.html |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>. Jamnagar has an average literacy rate of 82.14%, higher than the national average of 74.04%. Its male literacy rate is 86.90%, and its female literacy rate is 77.05%. In Jamnagar, 10% of the population is under six years of age. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. The urban development authority of [[Jamnagar is Jamnagar Area Development Authority]] (JADA).


}}
Most residents of Jamnagar are Gujarati and speak the [[Gujarati language]]. A small portion of the population speaks the [[Kutchi language]], which is written in the [[Gujarati script]] but not mutually intelligible with Gujarati. The [[Kathiawari dialect|Kathiawadi]] language, a colloquial [[dialect]] of Gujarati, is widely used for day-to-day communication.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+''Historical religious demographics in Nawanagar Municipality''
!Religion
!Population (1901)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Enthoven |first=R. E. |title=Census of India, 1901: Volume IX-A. Bombay: Part II, Imperial Tables |publisher=Government Central Press |year=1902 |pages=42–43}}</ref>
!Percentage (1901)
|-
|[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|16x16px]]
|32,005
|{{Percentage|32005|53844|2}}
|-
|[[Islam]] [[File:Star_and_Crescent.svg|15x15px]]
|17,027
|{{Percentage|17027|53844|2}}
|-
|[[Jainism]][[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|26x26px]]
|4031
|{{Percentage|4031|53844|2}}
|-
|[[Zoroastrianism]] [[File:Faravahar.svg|15x15px]]
|111
|{{Percentage|111|53844|2}}
|-
|[[Christianity]] [[File:Christian_cross.svg|21x21px]]
|79
|{{Percentage|79|53844|2}}
|-
|[[Judaism]] [[File:Star_of_David.svg|15px]]
|1
|{{Percentage|1|53844|2}}
|-
!Total
|'''53,844'''
|'''{{Percentage|53844|53844|2}}'''
|}
 
== Economy ==
[[File:Bandhej.JPG|thumb|Bandhej cloth]]
The local population has given up its ancestral fishing businesses and has adopted different jobs created by industrialization and the arrival of several giant companies. Approximately 10% of the city's population earns their income by producing and exporting traditional [[Bandhani]] cloth. Digjam runs a composite mill manufacturing [[worsted]] fabrics at Jamnagar. It has been a notable player in the worsted textile industry in India.


== Demographics ==
Jamnagar was formerly known as the [[Brass]] City because it houses more than 5,000 large-scale and 10,000 small-scale workshops that manufacture brass items. Most workshops are in and around the industrial estates of Shankar Tekri, GIDC Phase-III, M P Shah Udhyognagar, and Dared GIDC-II Industrial estate. The workshops make brass parts and extruded rods for export. Jamnagar is the largest producer of brass items in India.
At the time of the 2011 Indian [[census]], Jamnagar had a population of 479,920, and its urban agglomeration 600,943. Jamnagar has an average literacy rate of 82.14%, higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 86.90%, and female literacy is 77.05%. In Jamnagar, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.<ref>[http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/328-jamnagar.html Jamnagar City Census 2011 data]</ref> Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. In 2011, the sex ratio in Jamnagar was 939 females per 1000 males. The urban development authority of Jamnagar is Jamnagar Area Development Authority (JADA).[[File:Bead Work of Jamnagar.JPG|thumb|[[Beadwork]] of Jamnagar]]


== Culture ==
Jamnagar is home to the world's largest [[oil refinery]], the [[Jamnagar Refinery]], a private-sector crude oil refinery owned by [[Reliance Industries]] Limited. The refinery was commissioned on 14 July 1999<ref>{{cite journal |title=Jamnagar gets ready to make its mark |journal=Petroleum Intelligence Weekly}}</ref> [[Nayara Energy]] owns [[Vadinar refinery|Vadinar Refinery]]. India's second-largest single-site refinery is at Vadinar, Gujarat.
Most residents of Jamnagar are Gujarati and speak the [[Gujarati language]]. A small portion of the population speaks the [[Kutchi language]], which is written in the [[Gujarati script]] but not mutually intelligible with Gujarati. The Kathiawadi language (which is a colloquial [[dialect]] of Gujarati) is widely used for day-to-day communication. Major communities include the [[Jadeja]], Charan (Gadhvi), Satvaras ([[Dalvadi]]s), [[Ahir]]s [[Sagar caste|Sagars]], [[Patel]]s, [[Bhanushali]]s, [[Rajput]]s, [[Mers people|Mers]], [[Jainism|Jains]], [[Lohana]]s, [[Brahmin]]s, [[Bhoi]] (Bhoiraj), and [[Vagher]]s (Muslim and Hindu), and Khavas.


The [[Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch|Marine National Park]], the only [[Marine (ocean)|marine]] [[sanctuary]] in India, is near Jamnagar, on the [[coral reef]] island of [[Pirotan]]. Jamnagar is well known for its four [[marble]] [[Jain temple]]s: Vardhman Shah's Temple, Raisi Shah's Temple, [[Sheth]]'s Temple, and Vasupujya Swami's Temple; all built between 1574 and 1622.<ref name="jainsite.com">{{Cite web|url=http://jainsite.com/categories/jain-temple-in-jamnagar|title=Jain Temple in Jamnagar – the Jainsite World's Largest Jain Website}}</ref> Also in the Guinness Book of Records is the world's largest [[Indian bread|Rotla]], which weighed {{Convert|63.99|kg|lb|abbr=on}} and was made by the Shree Jalarm Mandir Jirnodhar Samitee organisation at the Jalaram Temple, Jamnagar, on 15 January 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.in/news/2012/8/happy-independence-day-our-top-10-records-from-india-44243/# |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130423104144/http://guinnessworldrecords.in/news/2012/8/happy-independence-day-our-top-10-records-from-india-44243/# |archive-date=23 April 2013 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>
Jamnagar has base stations for the [[Indian Air Force]], the [[Indian Army]], and the [[Indian Navy]]. The city has a strategic location close to Pakistan. It also has sizable reserves of [[bauxite]], with its mines contributing 95% of the total production in the state.<ref name="JMC" />


== Religion ==
== Arts and culture ==
=== Religion ===
{{bar box|width = 300px
{{bar box|width = 300px
  |barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
  |barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
Line 231: Line 269:
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|Orange|77.59}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|Orange|77.59}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|18.99}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|18.99}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism]]|#FFFF00|2.51}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism]]|pink|2.51}}
{{bar percent|Others|#9955BB|0.91}}}}
{{bar percent|Others|#9955BB|0.91}}}}


[[File:Saifee Tower from Roza Jamnagar - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Saifee Tower, Jamnagar]]
Jamnagar has several temples, such as Sidhnath Mahadev Temple, Badri Kedar Nath, Nilkanth Mahadev Temple, and Bhid Bhanjan Mahadev Temple near the Town Hall and the Kashi Vishwanath Temple on K.V. Road. It is also well known for its four marble Jain temples: Vardhman Shah's Temple, Raisi Shah's Temple, Sheth's Temple, and Vasupujya Swami's Temple. All of these temples date to between 1574 and 1622. There are more than 30 [[Jain temple]]s in Jamnagar.
Jamnagar contains several temples, such as Sidhnath Mahadev Temple, Badri Kedar Nath, Nilkanth Mahadev Temple and Bhid Bhanjan Mahadev Temple near the Town Hall and the Kashi Vishwanath Temple on the K.V. Road. It is also well known for its four marble Jain temples: Vardhman Shah's Temple, Raisi Shah's Temple, Sheth's Temple, and Vasupujya Swami's Temple. All were built between 1574 and 1622. There are more than 30 [[Jain Temple]]s in Jamnagar. Bala [[Hanuman]] is highly venerated among the devotees of [[Rama]].<ref>[[Hanuman]]</ref> The Bala [[Hanuman]] Temple is noted for the continuous chanting of the [[mantra]] "Sri Ram, Jai Ram, Jai Jai Ram". Started on 1 August 1964, the chant continues for 24 hours a day, in shifts, and is still continuing. This has earned the temple a place in the [[Guinness Book of World Records]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Balakrishna |first=VN |date=2009-07-31 |title=Non-Stop Ram Dhun completes 45 years in Jamnagar |work=Desh Gujarat |url=https://www.deshgujarat.com/2009/07/31/non-stop-ram-dhun-completes-45-years-in-jamnagar/ |access-date=2022-04-04}}</ref>


19% of Jamnagar District's population is Muslim. The local population has long given up its ancestral fishing business, and adopted many new age professions as the local economy has picked up due to the industrialisation of Jamnagar and the arrival of several giant companies.
The Bala [[Hanuman]] Temple on the southeastern side of Ranmal Lake is known for the continuous chanting of the [[mantra]] "Sri Ram, Jai Ram, Jai Jai Ram". Starting on 1 August 1964, this chant continues for 24 hours a day, earning the temple a place in the [[Guinness Book of World Records]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Balakrishna |first=VN |date=2009-07-31 |title=Non-Stop Ram Dhun completes 45 years in Jamnagar |work=Desh Gujarat |url=https://www.deshgujarat.com/2009/07/31/non-stop-ram-dhun-completes-45-years-in-jamnagar/ |access-date=2022-04-04}}</ref> Thousands of devotees visit the temple every year. Bholeshwar Mahadev Temple holds a fair every year on [[Shravana (month)|Shravani]] Amavas (New-moon day). During the holy month of Shravana, there are Hindu fairs on the dried river banks near Bohra Hajira.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bohra Hajira, Jamnagar - Timings, History, Pooja & Aarti schedule |url=https://www.trawell.in/gujarat/jamnagar/bohra-hajira |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=Trawell.in}}</ref>


[[File:Shree Bala Hanuman Sankirtan Mandir Jamnagar - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|Shree Bala Hanuman Sankirtan Mandir, Jamnagar]]
=== Architecture ===
[[File:Khambalia_gate_by_dherendra.jpg|thumb|Khambaliya Gate]]
The [[Bohra Hajira]] is a white marble mausoleum built by Jam Rawal in 1540.<ref name=":0" /> Also known as Mazar E Badri, it is the resting place of the Muslim saint Mota Bawa.<ref name=":0" /> Bohra Hajira is on the banks of the [[Nagmati River|Nagmati]] and [[Rangmati River]]s.<ref name=":0" /> The mausoleum is of Saracenic style and features intricate carvings.<ref name=":0" /> [[Jamnagar Trimandir]] is a two-storey structure with a large hall on the ground floor and a temple on the first floor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=bhagwan |first=dada |title=List of Trimandir's {{!}} Trimandir {{!}} Non-Sectarian Temple {{!}} Spiritual Temples |url=https://www.dadabhagwan.org/about/trimandir/list-of-trimandirs/ |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=www.dadabhagwan.org |language=en}}</ref> Wazir Meraman Khawa built the [[Khambhaliya Gate]] in the 17th century.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Khambhaliya Gate, India Attractions |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/india/gujarat/jamnagar/attractions/khambhaliya-gate/a/poi-sig/1556042/356252 |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=www.lonelyplanet.com |language=en}}</ref> It is one of two remaining city gates from that period.<ref name=":1" />


== Economy ==
[[File:Pratap_Vilas_Palace.jpg|thumb|Pratap Vilas Palace]]
Pratap Vilas Palace, built during the rule of His Royal Highness [[Ranjitsinhji]], features European architectural style with Indian carvings. It is an imitation of the [[Victoria Memorial Building in Calcutta]], but its domes are in the tradition of Indian architecture. Three of the domes are glass. The palace's columns feature carvings of creepers, flowers, leaves, birds, and animals. The [[2001 Gujarat earthquake|2001 earthquake]] caused some damage to its parapets and the separation of some upper walls at the roof level in some corners.{{citation needed|date=November 2023}} [[Willingdon Crescent]] (known Darbargarh Market now) was constructed by Ranjit Singh to replace a slum area.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Willingdon Crescent |url=https://www.gujarattourism.com/saurashtra/jamnagar/willingdon-crescent.html |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=gujrattourism |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vasavada |first=Rabindra |date=1998 |title=Evolving scenario of Architecture in Gujarat: an overview |url=https://architexturez.net/file/rjv-evolving-scenario-07-jpg |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=architexturez.net}}</ref> Inspired by Singh's European travels, it is an arcade of cusped arches, bigger on the ground floor and smaller on the upper storey. It has pilasters on the curving walls and balusters on the parapet. There is a statue of Jam Saheb in the center of the crescent. The [[2001 Gujarat earthquake]] caused slight damage to this shopping area.{{citation needed|date=August 2024}}


=== Brass parts ===
== Sports ==
 
Cricket is a popular sport in Jamnagar. A number of Indian [[Test cricket]]ers hail from Jamnagar, including [[Vinoo Mankad]], [[Indrajitsinhji]], [[Ajay Jadeja]], and [[Ravindra Jadeja]]. HH Shri Jam Ranjitsinji built the [[Ajitsinhji Ground|Ajitsinhji Pavilion]] cricket ground in 1908. The [[Ranji Trophy]] and [[Duleep Trophy]] Indian cricket competitions were named in memory of the princes of Jamnagar.
It was formerly known as 'Brass City', since it houses more than 5,000 large-scale and 10,000 small-scale workshops manufacturing brass items in and around the industrial estates of Shankar Tekri, GIDC Phase-III, M P Shah Udhyognagar and Dared GIDC-II Industrial estate. Brass parts and extruded rods produced here are used in a number of products. Parts are exported to many countries. Jamnagar has the largest production of brass items in the country
 
=== Refineries ===
{{update|date=January 2022}}
Jamnagar is known as 'World's Oil City' because the world's biggest [[oil refinery|oil refineries]], belonging to [[Reliance Industries]] and [[Nayara Energy]], are here.
 
'''Reliance Industries refinery:'''
 
The [[Jamnagar Refinery]] is a private sector crude oil refinery owned by [[Reliance Industries]] Limited. The refinery was commissioned on 14 July 1999 with an installed capacity of {{convert|661000|oilbbl/d|m3/d}}. It is the largest refinery in the world.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Jamnagar gets ready to make its mark|journal=Petroleum Intelligence Weekly}}</ref> The refinery has undergone a massive expansion, gasification complex is one of them which commissioned in 2019,{{Update after|2010|11}} that will double its capacity to {{convert|1.2|Moilbbl/d|m3/d}}.{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}}
 
According to an article in the 28 April 2008 issue of [[Fortune Magazine]], the Reliance Industries oil refinery at Jamnagar will produce {{convert|1.2|e6USgal|m3}} of petroleum, or 5% of the world's capacity, after the expansion is completed in December 2008. The expansion began in October 2005 and is being managed by San Francisco-based Bechtel Corporation. The expanded refinery covers an area equal to 1/3 the size of Manhattan. The refinery has an advanced design, so that it can process a wide range of crude oils, including heavy high-sulfur sour crude, which many refineries cannot handle. Reliance Industries has said that the refinery's output is for export only and will not be sold domestically within India. Reliance is targeting the US market for gasoline and the European market for diesel. The refinery is owned by Reliance's Reliance Petroleum Ltd. unit, in which US oil company Chevron Corp. has a 5% stake.
 
'''Nayara Energy Refinery'''
 
Nayara Energy owns India's second largest single site refinery at Vadinar, Gujarat, having a capacity of 20 million [[tonne]]s per year, or {{convert|405,000|oilbbl/d|m3/d}}. Vadinar Refinery has a complexity of 11.8, which is amongst the highest globally. The refinery is capable of processing some of the toughest crudes and yet produce high quality Euro IV and V grade products.
 
===Gujarat State Fertilizers and Chemicals===
[[Gujarat State Fertilizers and Chemicals]] operates a [[diammonium phosphate]] (DAP) plant at Motikhavdi village – 27&nbsp;km from Jamnagar. It also has its own jetty located at Sikka.
 
===Sikka Thermal Power Station===
The [[Sikka Thermal Power Station]] is a coal-fired power station near Jamnagar. It has two units of 120 MW each and two units of 250 MW each with a total installed capacity of 740 MW.
 
===Digjam===
Digjam runs a fully equipped composite mill manufacturing high quality worsted fabrics at Jamnagar. It has been a notable player in the worsted textile industry in India.
 
=== Armed Forces ===
 
Jamnagar has base stations of all three wings of Defence: the [[Indian Air Force]], [[Indian Army]], and [[Indian Navy]]. Geographically Jamnagar supports all branches of defence, as it has access to the sea for the Indian Navy and a large air base due to the city's strategic location close to Pakistan.
 
=== Port ===
[[File:Jamnagar Solarium - Indian Review 1936 - 37-3.jpg|thumb|The Jamnagar Solarium designed by [[Jean Saidman]]]]
The city has an all-weather intermediate seaport, Bedi Port, seven kilometres away, through which various merchandise is imported and exported. According to the recent figures available from the local Port Office, in 2007–2008 exports were 3,912,402 metric tons and imports 1,388,181 metric tons, for a total 5,300,583 metric tons. The major commodities exported from this port are bauxite, soya meal extracts, and ground nut extracts, while the imports include coal, fertilizer and other items. The port has a draft of 7 metres so cargo vessels are anchored mid sea and then barges transport the cargo to the port. Vessels with up to 180,000 MT can be handled at the Bedi port.
 
=== Bauxite mines ===


Jamnagar has huge reserves of [[bauxite]], contributing 95% of the total production in the state.<ref name="JMC">Municipal Corporation of Jamnagar Official Site http://www.mcjamnagar.com/</ref>
The municipal corporation built the sports complex with a swimming pool, badminton court, and other facilities. There is also an 80-year-old sports club, [[Summair Sports Club]], built by the erstwhile rulers of Jamnagar. It has a swimming pool, tennis, squash, and badminton courts, a billiard hall, a table tennis facility, and a hotel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home - Summair Sports Club Jamnagar India |url=http://summairsportsclub.org/ |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=summairsportsclub.org}}</ref>


===Bandhani clothes===
== Parks and Recreation ==
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Amusement Park is a popular public amusement park located on Mehulnagar 80 Feet Road near Kamdar Colony in [[Jamnagar]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]] It is named after the Indian statesman Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and spread over approximately 19,500 sq m, offering a mix of recreational facilities for families and children. The park features a variety of attractions including rides, a musical fountain, rain dance zone, food court, game area, jogging track, yoga hall and amphitheatre, making it a desirable picnic and leisure destination. Operated by the [[Jamnagar Municipal Corporation]], it is frequented by locals and visitors alike for outdoor fun and fitness activities.<ref>https://mcjamnagar.com/TheCity/PlaceDetails.aspx?pid=xAb38yZ23g35</ref>


Jamnagar is known for its [[Bandhani]] clothes. Approximately 10% of Jamnagar derives its income from this industry; this clothing is traditional in Jamnagar, and it is exported outside of India. Jamnagar is well known for its red Bandhani. Dyeing process of Bandhani is carried out extensively in this city, as the water of this area is known to give a particular brightness to colors, specifically reds and maroons.
The Kotha Bastion museum contains sculptures, coins, inscriptions, copper plates, and the skeleton of a whale. The museum also has an old well where water is drawn by blowing into a small hole in the floor.{{citation needed|date=August 2024}} The Lakhota Museum is in the former Lakhota Palace. This small museum has a collection of sculptures from the 9th to the 18th centuries, antique weapons, and pottery found in medieval villages from the surrounding area.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lakhota Palace & Museum Jamnagar, Gujarat |url=https://www.tourmyindia.com/states/gujarat/lakhota-palace-and-museum.html |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=www.tourmyindia.com}}</ref>
[[File:Lakhota_Tower_in_evening_by_Rangilo.JPG|thumb|Lakhota palace]]


== Transport ==
The [[Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch|Marine National Park]] on the [[Gulf of Kutch]] is India's first marine sanctuary.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jamnagar, the Unique Coral Walking Area |url=http://www.jamnagar.org/mnp.htm |access-date=2022-11-12 |website=www.jamnagar.org}}</ref> Located about {{convert|7|km}} from the city centre, the park includes an archipelago of 42 islands noted for their coral reefs and mangroves. The area attracts birds, dolphins, finless porpoises, sea turtles, and tropical fish.{{citation needed|date=August 2024}}
[[File:Jamnagar Railway Station Platform 1 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Jamnagar Railway Station Platform view]]


=== Airport ===
=== Vantara Animal Shelter and Wildlife Conservation Centre ===
The city has an [[Jamnagar Airport|airport]] (IATA: JGA – ICAO: VAJM) with a daily direct flight to [[Mumbai]] (Bombay) and thrice in a week flights to [[Hyderabad]] and [[Bengaluru]].The airport is a military enclave of the Indian Air force which allows commercial flights.
Vantara is a 300 acre animal shelter conservatory launched by [[Anant Ambani]] and supported by Reliance Industries and Reliance Foundation. The facility focuses on providing and caring for abused, injured and endangered animals. The conservation centre is equipped with cutting-edge healthcare hospital facilities, a research institute and academic zones.<ref>{{Cite news |title=All about Vantara, the 3000-acre animal shelter launched by Anant Ambani in Jamnagar |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/travel-news/all-about-vantara-the-3000-acre-animal-shelter-launched-by-anant-ambani-in-jamnagar/articleshow/108098838.cms |access-date=2025-08-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
 
=== Rail ===
Jamnagar has a [[Jamnagar railway station|railway station]] connected with a variety of destinations across India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiarailinfo.com/departures/1662 |title=Jamnagar/JAM Railway Station – Today's Train Departure Timings – India Rail Info – A Busy Junction for Travellers & Rail Enthusiasts |publisher=India Rail Info |date=6 August 2010 |access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref> Jamnagar has 4 daily trains to [[Mumbai]] and weekly trains to the major cities of north, east, and south of country.
 
=== Road ===
There are many private bus service providers with coaches running between Jamnagar and [[Bhuj]], [[Ahmedabad]], [[Surat]], [[Vadodara]], [[Mumbai]], [[Pune]] many other major cities of [[Gujarat]] and other states as well. Apart from private bus services, [[Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation|State Transport]] has bus services to almost all cities of Gujarat State & inter state transport facilities as well.
 
=== Local ===
The [[Jamnagar Municipal Corporation]] runs local buses in the city. Also auto rickshaws are available everywhere. [[Ola Cabs]] is also available for intracity travel.


== Education ==
== Education ==
{{Cleanup list|section|date=January 2021}}
Jamnagar has many private and government-granted schools, including [[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]]; [[Podar International School]] and St. Xavier's High School, Jamnagar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Best CBSE Schools in Jamnagar, Gujarat |url=https://www.podareducation.org/jamnagar/ |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=Podar International School }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
Jamnagar has many schools including private, government granted schools. The M.P. Shah Medical College is considered to be one of the top colleges in India for Medical studies. K.D Ambani Vidhyamanadir, a well recognized school in Reliance Greens is one of the top schools of Gujrat . The [[Gujarat Ayurved University]] in Jamnagar is considered to be the best university in the world for Ayurvedic studies & has students from all around the globe. Recently it has been ranked amongst top 10 Medical Universities of India by national magazine India Today.{{Citation needed|date=June 2020}} Besides this, there are several colleges for arts, commerce and science. Jamnagar also has Government Dental College & Hospital.
 
===Secondary schools===
* [[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]], Aliabada, Jamnagar
* [[Podar International School]]<ref>http://podareducation.org/school/Jamnagar</ref>
* [[St. Xavier's High School, Jamnagar]]
{{Cleanup list|section|date=December 2021}}
* [[Air Force School, Jamnagar]]
* [[Brilliant group of schools]]
* [[Delhi Public School, Jamnagar]]
* [[G.D. Shah High School]]<ref>http://www.gdshahschool.com/</ref>
* [[Kalindi International School]]
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya No-1, AF station Jamnagar]]
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya No-2, Infantry lines]]
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya No-3, AF-II, udhyognagar]]
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya No-4, I.N.S Valsura]]
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya, AF station samana]]
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya, Valsura]]
* [[Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Vidyamandir]]<ref>http://www.kdavjamnagar.com/</ref>
* [[Krishna international school]]
* [[Krishna international science and commerce school]]
* [[Kumar Mandir, Jamnagar]]
* [[Nand Vidya Niketan]]
* [[Patel Academy School]]
* [[Pranami High school]]
* [[Prime Science School]]
* [[Purohit Science school]]
* [[S. B. Sharma public school (Defense colony)]]
* [[S. B. Sharma Public School (Meghpar)]]
* [[S. B. Sharma World School]]
* [[Sainik School Balachadi]], Jamnagar<ref>https://www.ssbalachadi.org/</ref>
* [[Sarojben Memorial International School]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tges.org/tges-schools.php?scId=8 |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150817115722/http://www.tges.org/tges-schools.php?scId=8 |archive-date=17 August 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[SDCCL Public School]], [[Digvijaygram]], Sikka
* [[Shree L.G. Haria]]
* [[Shree P.V. MODI school]]
* [[Shree Rastradeep Vidhyalay]]
* [[Shree Satya Sai Vidyalaya, Jamnagar]]<ref>http://www.sssvjam.org/</ref>
* [[Shreemati Parvati devi Vidhya mandir]]
* [[Shree Shastri Tryambakram High school]]
* [[Shri D.C.C. Vividh lakshi High School]]
* [[St. Ann's High School]]
* [[St. Francis School, Jamnagar]]
* [[St. Mary's High School, Jamnagar]]
* [[Sunflower School, Jamnagar]]
* [[The Sun Shine School]]
Shree Gnanganga School
 
=== Engineering Colleges ===
* Government polytechnic college
* Kalyan Polytechnic Institute
* Shree Kankeshwari Deviji Institute of Technology
*krishna Institute of Engineering Technology
 
=== Arts, Commerece, Science, Management and IT Colleges ===
* Shree D K V Arts & science College<ref>http://www.dkvjamnagar.edu.in</ref>
* A K Doshi
* Smt. C.Z.M. Gosrani B.C.A. College
* Shri JVIMS-KBS M.C.A. College
* Shri JVIMS-BTV M.B.A. and M.A.M. College
* D.D. Nagda College Campus
* G.H.G Commerce College
* H J Doshi
* National Computer College
* M P Shah College
* SVET College
* Shri Vidhyasagar Infotech College
* V M Mehta College
 
=== Medical and Ayurveda Colleges ===
* M. P. Shah Medical College
* Shree Gulabkunverba Ayurved Mahavidyalaya
* Indian Institute of Ayurved Pharmaceutical Sciences
* [[Gujarat Ayurved University]]<ref>http://ayurveduniversity.edu.in</ref>
 
=== Dental College ===
* Government Dental College & Hospital
 
== Places of interest ==
[[File:Lakhota palace.JPG|thumbnail|Lakhota fort]]
'''Darbargadh Palace'''<br />Darbargadh (Maharajah's palace), the old royal residence of [[Jam Saheb]] and the most important historical complex in Jamnagar, reflects the fusion of Rajput and European styles of architecture. The semi-circular palace complex consists of several buildings with very fine architectural features and detailing. It has some fine examples of stone carvings, wall paintings, fretwork jali-screens, ornamental mirrors, carved pillars, and sculptures. The walls outside have carved jarokha balconies in the Indian tradition, a carved gate, and [[Venetian-Gothic arches]]. The [[2001 Gujarat earthquake|earthquake in 2001]] caused significant damage to Darbargadh.
 
'''Lakhota Fort'''
[[File:Lakhota fort museum.jpg|thumb|upright|Entrance of antique weapons section at Lakhota Fort museum, Jamnagar]]
[[File:Lakhota Lake and Ranjith Raja museum at evening..JPG|thumb|Lakhota lake and Ranjith Raja museum]]
This small palace, on an island in the middle of [[Lakhota Lake]], once belonged to the [[Maharaja of Nawanagar]]. This fort-like palace has semi-circular bastions, turrets, a pavilion with guard-rooms housing swords, [[powder flask]]s and musket loops. An arched stone bridge with a balustrade connects the Lakhota Palace with the town. Today it houses a small museum. The fort museum has a good collection of sculptures that spans a period from the 9th to the 18th century and pottery found in ruined medieval villages from the surrounding area. The museum is reached by a short causeway from the northern side of Ranmal Lake and is open daily except on Wednesdays.
 
'''Willingdon Crescent'''<br />The impressive Willingdon Crescent was constructed by [[Ranjit Singh]], inspired by his European journey. It comprises arcades of cusped arches, larger on the ground floor and smaller on the upper storey, pilasters on the curving walls, and balusters on the parapet. The statue of Jam Saheb is situated in the centre of the crescent. The 2001 Gujarat earthquake caused only slight damage to this shopping area.
 
'''Pratap Vilas Palace'''<br />[[Pratap Vilas Palace]], built during the rule of His Royal Highness [[Ranjitsinhji]], has European architecture with Indian carvings that give it a totally distinct appeal.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}} It was built as an imitation of the [[Victoria Memorial Building in Calcutta]], but the domes built on it are according to Indian architecture, three of them made of glass. Carvings of creepers, flowers, leaves, birds and animals on the columns make the palace lively. Damage in the 2001 earthquake caused a costly loss of some parapets, and the separation of some upper walls at the roof level in some corners. Visitors are not allowed in.
 
'''Kotha Bastion'''<br />The Kotha Bastion contains a fine collection of sculptures, coins, inscriptions and copper plates and the skeleton of a whale. One of its most interesting sights is an old well where the water can be drawn by blowing into a small hole in the floor.
 
'''Dhanvantri Mandir'''<br />Dhanvantri Mandir was built under the personal supervision of Dr. Pranjivan Manekchand Mehta, Chief Medical Officer of Guru Govindsingh Hospital. After independence it gained the status of Ayurveda University. It has a good library, workshops and has been a place for research and international seminars on Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medicinal system.
 
'''Solarium'''<br />Also known as the Ranjit Institute of Poly-Radio Therapy, the Solarium was built by Jam Shri Ranjitsinhji during his rule by bringing in an expert from France. This slowly revolving tower provides full daylong sunlight for the treatment of skin diseases. With the destruction of two similar solaria in France during World War II, this is probably now the only one of its kind in the world, and certainly in Asia. Due to advancement in medicine and treatment it is now obsolete and not in working condition for the treatment.
 
'''Bhujio Kotho'''
[[File:Bhujio Kotho by Rangilo.JPG|thumbnail|upright|Bhujio Kotho]]
Bhujio Kotho is well known among tourists due to its height and circumference. It is on the bank of the Lakhota Tank, near Khambhaliya Gate. This monument has five floors, and is believed to have been constructed for protection during the invasions. On the first floor there were guns placed in each direction, and in the walls, holes for rifles are found. On the upper floor a tank with a dancing peacock on its peak was constructed to store water. Unfortunately, in an earthquake in 2001 Bhujio Kotho partially collapsed and visits are now prohibited due to safety concerns.
 
'''Bhuchar Mori Shahid Van'''


{{Main|Bhuchar Mori}}
Jamnagar also has dental and health colleges, including [[M. P. Shah Medical College]] and [[Gujarat Ayurved University]] There are several colleges for arts, commerce, and science.


Bhuchar Mori Shahid Van is a plateau and historic site about two kilometres northwest of Dhrol in Jamnagar district. The place is known for the Battle of Bhuchar Mori. It has memorial site dedicated to it along with a big garden space, play area for children, small artificial mountain to climb, and huts like structure for picnic spots. The memorial site has memorial stone of Ajaji is a horse-mounted idol. There are wall sculptures representing the war fought between the army of Kathiawar led by Nawanagar State and the Mughal army in July 1591. The park is open all days.
== Infrastructure ==


'''Bohra Hajira'''<br />The Bohra Hajira is also worth a visit. On entering Jamnagar City by road on the Rajkot Highway, one can see this magnificent structure on the banks of the river. Permission has to be obtained before visiting the place.
=== Transportation ===
Many years back boats used to sail on the Rangmati and Nagmati Rivers, but presently the water level is low; often the river dries up and the river bed is used for hosting the Shravan Month Fairs.
[[Amritsar–Jamnagar Expressway]](NH-754) is an under-construction 1,257&nbsp;km long, 6-lane wide expressway in the north-western part of India. The expressway will reduce the distance between Amritsar and Jamnagar from earlier 1,430&nbsp;km to 1,316&nbsp;km (including Kapurthala-Amritsar section) and the time travel from 26 hours to only 13 hours. It is a part of the Bharatmala and Amritsar–Jamnagar Economic Corridor (EC-3). It will pass through four states of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[Haryana]], [[Rajasthan]] and [[Gujarat]].<ref name="themetrorailguy.com">{{Cite web|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/nhai-amritsar-jamnagar-economic-corridor-information-route-map-status/|title=Amritsar – Jamnagar Economic Corridor – Information & Status}}</ref> The expressway is strategically important, as it will connect 3 big oil refineries of HMEL Bathinda, HPCL Barmer and [[Reliance Industries]] Limited(RIL) Refinery near Jamnagar. It will also connect Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant (Bathinda) and Suratgarh Super Thermal Power Plant (Sri Ganganagar).<ref name="themetrorailguy.com"/> The expressway will meet the Ludhiana-Bathinda-Ajmer Expressway of the Pathankot–Ajmer Economic Corridor at Bathinda. The construction work on the expressway started in Haryana and Rajasthan in 2019. The Rajasthan section of the expressway from Jakhrawali in Hanumangarh district to Khetlawas in Jalore district was completed in early 2023 and was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 8 July 2023, while the entire expressway is expected to be opened by September 2023.<ref name="themetrorailguy.com"/>
[[File:Jamnagar Railway Station Platform 1 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Jamnagar Railway Station platform]]


'''Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary'''<br />Khijadia Bird Sanctuary,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.khijadiyabirds.com |title=Welcome to the Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India |publisher=Khijadiyabirds.com |date=22 June 2010 |access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref> located {{convert|10|km}} north east of Jamnagar, features a seasonal freshwater shallow lake, inter-tidal mudflats, creeks, saltpans, saline land and mangrove scrub. The place is a known breeding ground of the Great Crested Grebe. Apart from this, the Little Grebe, Purple Moorhen, Coot, Black-winged Stilt and Pheasant-tailed Jacana are also recorded breeding here. Raptors, including harriers, eagles, hawks and falcons are also spotted here. The sanctuary also shelters migratory birds such as swallows, martins, wagtails and various waterfowl. It is considered an important site for ecological research and education.
On 24 November 2025, Chief Minister Shri Bhupendra Patel inaugurated [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]]'s longest flyover bridge, constructed at a cost of ₹226.99 crore (₹2,269,900,000) in [[Jamnagar]]. The total length of the four-lane elevated flyover bridge from Sat Rasta Circle to Subhash Chandra Bose Statue, including 4 approaches, is 3,750 metres. The main bridge consists of four lanes measuring 16.50 metres, while the approaches on Indira Marg and Dwarka Road consist of two lanes of 8.40 metres.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-11-24 |title=CM inaugurates Saurashtra’s longest flyover in Jamnagar |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/rajkot/cm-inaugurates-saurashtras-longest-flyover-in-jamnagar/articleshow/125545729.cms |access-date=2025-12-07 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>


'''Balachadi Beach'''<br />The balachadi beach is located 27 kilometres from Jamnagar. During the [[World War II]], the then ruler of Jamnagar, Jam Digvijaysinh built a summer camp for polish refugee children seeking shelter from the Nazi after they were denied entry at the Mumbai Port. Later it was converted into present day [[Sainik School, Balachadi]]
There are many private bus service providers with coaches running between Jamnagar and [[Rajkot]], [[Bhuj]], [[Ahmedabad]], [[Surat]], [[Vadodara]], [[Mumbai]], [[Pune]], [[Delhi]] and other major cities. [[Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation|State Transport]] has bus services to almost all cities of Gujarat State and interstate transport facilities. The [[Jamnagar Municipal Corporation]] runs local buses. Also, [[Ola Cabs]] and auto rickshaws are available.{{citation needed|date=August 2024}} Jamnagar has a [[Jamnagar railway station|railway station]] connected with a variety of India's destinations.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 August 2010 |title=Jamnagar/JAM Railway Station – Today's Train Departure Timings – India Rail Info – A Busy Junction for Travellers & Rail Enthusiasts |url=http://indiarailinfo.com/departures/1662 |access-date=22 June 2012 |publisher=India Rail Info}}</ref> Four daily trains go to [[Mumbai]] and weekly trains to the major cities to the north, east, and south of the country.{{citation needed|date=August 2024}} The city has an [[Jamnagar Airport|airport]] with a daily direct flight to [[Mumbai]] and thrice-in-a-week flights to [[Hyderabad]] and [[Bengaluru]]. The airport is within a military enclave of the [[Indian Air Force]].{{citation needed|date=August 2024}}


'''Pirotan Island'''
=== Civic utilities ===
[[File:Lighthouse pirotan.jpg|thumbnail|upright|Lighthouse at Pirotan]]
India’s first IGBC platinum-rated net-zero green waste-to-energy campus is located in Jamnagar, established by Abellon Clean energy and designed by INI Design Studio. Per year, the facility processes 220,000 tons of municipal solid waste into 7.5 MW clean energy. The facility’s design involves almost no human interface during the process and also has a see-through design inside the processing plant making it an educational hub for schools and visitors. The campus uses only 20% of its land for the facility and the other 80% is used for community activities and interactions.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Welch |first=Adrian |date=2025-06-16 |title=Abellon Waste To Energy Campus Jamnagar, Gujarat, India |url=https://www.e-architect.com/india/abellon-waste-to-energy-campus-jamnagar-gujarat |access-date=2025-08-20 |website=e-architect |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Prajapati |first=Chhaya |date=2024-09-14 |title=This is India's First Platinum-Rated Net-Zero Green Waste to Energy Plant {{!}} INI Design Studio |url=https://thearchitectsdiary.com/this-is-indias-first-platinum-rated-net-zero-green-waste-to-energy-plant-ini-design-studio/ |access-date=2025-08-20 |website=The Architects Diary |language=en-US}}</ref>


[[Pirotan]] is one of the 42 islands which compose the Marine National Park. India's first national marine park comes under the Jamnagar district of Gujarat.  
== Media ==
Pirotan lies 12 nautical miles off the coast (Bedi Port) and stretches up to 3&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.
[[All India Radio]] airs at 100.1&nbsp;MHz. Top FM airs at 91.9&nbsp;MHz. [[Radio Mirchi]] airs at 95&nbsp;MHz.


'''[[Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch|Marine National Park]]'''<br />India's first marine sanctuary<ref>{{cite web|author=Mustak |url=http://www.jamnagar.org/mnp.htm |title=www.jamnagar.org |publisher=jamnagar.org |access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref> has various parts open to the public: one of them is Pirotan Island, which is about {{convert|12|nmi|km}} away in the Arabian Sea near Jamnagar and spreads over an area of about {{convert|458|km}}. Located about {{convert|7|km}} from the city centre, the Marine National Park and Sanctuary comprises an archipelago of 42 islands noted for their coral reefs and mangroves. It is possible to see dolphins, fin-less porpoises and sea turtles and a variety of colourful tropical fish. The entire forest has various marine life forms. The area also attracts a huge number of birds.
Daily local and national newspapers are available in Jamnagar in multiple languages, including ''[[The Times of India]]'', [[The Economic Times|''Economic Times'']], ''[[Indian Express]]'', and ''[[Business Standard]]''. Local newspapers published in [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] include ''[[Aajkaal]], Bhoomi, [[Jamnagar Bhaskar]], [[Khabar Gujarat]], [[Lokmat|Lokwat]],'' and ''[[Nobat]]. [[The Princely State]]'' is the local English language newspaper.
 
'''Rozi and Bedi Ports''' <br />Rozi and Bedi are two important ports close to Jamnagar, Rozi Port on the shore of the Gulf of Kutch and Bedi Port two nautical miles ({{convert|4|km}}) inland on the Rangamati River. These attractive waterside picnic spots offer excellent facilities for fishing and angling.
 
=== Temples ===
[[File:Jamnagar Jain Temple - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Shantinath Mandir]]
[[File:Bala Temple.jpg|thumb|Bala Hanuman Temple near Lakhota]]
[[File:DHAVAL0390.jpg|thumb|upright|Bholeshwar Mahadev]]
 
'''Trimandir Jamnagar''' <br />The Trimandir is a magnificent two-storey structure with a Gigantic Hall on the ground floor and a temple on the first floor. In a Trimandir, Gods of Jainism, Shaivism, and Vaishnavism (along with Gods and Goddesses from other religions) share equal reverence on the same platform.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dadabhagwan.org/about/trimandir/list-of-trimandirs/|title=List of Trimandir's &#124; Trimandir &#124; Non-Sectarian Temple &#124; Spiritual Temples}}</ref>
 
'''Vardhman Shah's Temple''' <br />Vardhman Shah's Temple is a delightful shrine and one of the four main Jain temples in Jamnagar. The foundation stone of this shrine was laid in 1612, during the reign of Jam Jasaji I, and it was completed in the year 1620. Fifty-two very small temples or 'Deri' were built around the temple in 1622. This temple is dedicated to Adinathji, first tirthankar of Jainism.<ref name="jainsite.com"/>
 
'''Shantinath Mandir'''
 
<br />The Shantinath Mandir, named after [[Shantinatha]], the 16th [[Tirthankara]] in Jainism, is situated southwest of Bedi Gate in Jamnagar. The temple has intricate carvings and the walls are adorned with fine murals, which depict the lives of Jain saints. The floor is made of marble and decorated with distinctive Jain patterns in yellow, black, white, red.
 
'''Mota [[Ashapura Mata|Ashapura Maa]] Temple'''
 
The Goddess (Kuldevi) of the Jadeja clan of Rajputs ruled this place. The temple is located in the east part of Jamnagar where the entrance (gate) leads into the city and is close to Darbargadh in the old city area.
 
'''Bala Hanuman Temple'''<br />The Bala Hanuman Temple is on the southeastern side of Ranmal Lake. The temple is known for the continuous 24-hour chanting of the mantra 'Sri Ram, Jai Ram, Jai Jai Ram', since 1 August 1964. This devotion has earned Bala Hanuman Temple a place in the Guinness Book of Records. Thousands of devotees visit the temple every year. Early evening is a particularly good time to visit the temple.
 
'''Bholeshwar Mahadev Temple'''<br /> Bholeshwar Mahadev Temple is approx 2&nbsp;km away from village murila of Tehsil Lalpur. The temple is situated on the bank of the River Dhandhar. This temple holds a fair on Shravani Amas.
 
'''Navtanpuri Dham'''<br /> Shri Navtanpuri Dham popularly known as Khijada Mandir situated in Jamnagar, Gujarat was founded by Nijanand Swami Shri Devchandreji the former Achraya of Shri Krishna Pranami Sampradaya in 1630 A.D. He was a realized Soul. Formerly this holy place was a garden. According to the Pranami Vitak-tradition once Shri Devchandraji went to the garden and took a small twig of a Khijda tree for cleaning his teeth and then tearing it into two, planted them into the ground. Over time, they grew into two big trees and both the trees are still attached to the main wall of the shrine. Due to this the temple is known as "Khijada Mandir" all around.<ref>http://www.krishnapranami.org</ref>
 
'''BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Temple'''
 
This Temple is situated at the outskirts of the city, Near Samrpan Hospital Khambhaliya Bypass Jamnagar.
 
=== Parks and gardens ===
'''Jam Ranjitsinhji Park (Ranjit Sagar Dam)'''<br />The Municipal Corporation of Jamnagar has recently developed a Park near Ranjit Sagar Dam. The park has a garden with colourful fountains. There are also rides for children. The park remains open from 10am to 8pm on all days except Sunday and Monday. On Sunday the park remains open till 10pm and on Monday it is closed for maintenance.
[[File:Jam Ranjitsinhji Park.jpg|thumb|Main Gate of Jam Ranjitsinhji Park.]]
 
'''Sardar Patel Amusement Park'''<br />This amusement park is located at Mehulnagar 80 Feet Rd, Kamdar Colony, Jamnagar. It is being developed by Jamnagar Municipal Corporation(JMC) spreading over 2 lahk sq ft of land. The Park has an entry fee of 10 Rs. The biggest attraction of the park in musical dancing fountain, rain dance fountain for children, separate dance hall for youths, hall for Yoga and a small auditorium. Also as the name suggest it has variety of rides for children. play area, garden space for picnic spots and game arcade zone. The park also has great options for food[Food Zone] inside as well as near outside the park. It has a good parking facility around the area.
 
'''Cremation Park (Sonapuri)''' <br />Sonapuri is a crematorium which was beautified in 1940 and is situated some 3&nbsp;km from the centre of the city. Built in the form of a park, it has become a tourist attraction because of the murals and statues that adorn its interiors. As one enters Muktidham, there is a long path on both sides of which there are paintings – at one side are the images depicting the story of Ramayana, at the other are the pictures of various gods, goddesses and saints. Towards the end, near the area where pyres are lit, the stages of life have been illustrated through an installation called Sansar Chakra.
 
'''Jogger's Park''' <br />This is a new botanical garden in the city opposite to the Palace Ground, and its official name is Gulab Kunvarbaa Udhyan. It was very much used by the daily walkers and joggers of the city. The park however has been closed for public since months.
 
== Media and communication ==
Daily local as well as national newspapers are available in Jamnagar in multiple languages such as [[The Times of India]], [[The Economic Times|Economic Times]], [[Indian Express]], and [[Business Standard]]. Local newspapers include Nobat, Bhoomi, Khabar, Aajkaal, Lokwat, The Princely State. All India Radio Airs at 100.1&nbsp;MHz,Top FM at 91.9&nbsp;MHz and Radio Mirchi at 95&nbsp;MHz. Various cable operators like GTPL are available along with DTH services from [[Tata Sky]], Airtel, DishTV, Videocon D2H. Broadband services are provided by the [[BSNL]]. Reliance has started its 4G service, [[Reliance Jio Infocomm Ltd|Reliance Jio]]. All mobile operators including [[Vodafone]], [[Bharti Airtel|Airtel]], [[Idea]], [[Reliance Communications|Reliance]], [[Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited|BSNL]], [[Tata Docomo]] are available in Jamnagar.
 
=== Newspaper ===
Many local newspapers are published from Jamnagar in Gujarati & English language:
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Newspaper !! Language
|-
| Aajkaal || [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]  
|-
| Jamnagar Bhaskar || [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]  
|-
| Bhoomi || [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]  
|-
| Lokwat || [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
|-
| Khabar Gujarat || [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]  
|-
| Nobat || [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]  
|-
| The Princely State || English
|}
 
== Sports ==
Cricket is a major sport in Jamnagar. A number of Indian [[Test cricket]]ers hail from Jamnagar, including [[Vinoo Mankad]], [[Salim Durrani]], [[Karsan Ghavri]], [[Kumar Indrajitsinhji]], [[Ajay Jadeja]] and [[Ravindra Jadeja]]. There is a cricket ground called the [[Ajitsinhji Ground|Ajitsinhji Pavilion]] which was built in 1908 by HH Shri Jam Ranjitsinji which signifies the long relationship of Jamnagar with the sport. The city has a sports complex built by the municipal corporation which has a swimming pool, badminton court and various other facilities. There is also an 80-year-old sports club (Summair Sports Club), which was built by the erstwhile rulers of Jamnagar. It has a swimming pool, tennis, squash and badminton courts, a billiard hall, a table tennis facility and a hotel.<ref>[http://www.summairsportsclub.org/default.html Summair Sports Club]</ref>
 
The [[Ranji Trophy]] and [[Duleep Trophy]] Indian cricket competitions are named in memory of princes of Jamnagar.


== Notable people ==
== Notable people ==
[[File:Ajay jadega.jpg|thumb|Ajay Jadeja]]
{{Further information|Category: People from Jamnagar|label1=People from Jamnagar}}[[File:Ranjitsinh.jpeg|thumb|upright|[[Ranjitsinhji]], English cricketer, former King of [[Jamnagar State|Jamnagar princely state, British India]].]]
The following individuals were born or have lived in Jamnagar:
The following individuals were born or have lived in Jamnagar:
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
* [[Ruskin Bond]], a noted Indian author.
* [[Ruskin Bond]], author
* [[Remo D'Souza]], dancer, choreographer, actor and film director.
* [[Ranjitsinhji]], King of erstwhile [[Nawanagar State]], first international cricketer of India, represented [[England cricket team]].
* [[Ben Kingsley]], multi award-winning British actor, who played [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in [[Richard Attenborough]]'s ''[[Gandhi (film)|Gandhi]]'' (1982).  
* [[Vinoo Mankad]], former cricketer
* [[Ferdinand Kingsley]], British actor, the son of [[Ben Kingsley]].
* [[Duleepsinhji]], former cricketer
* [[Duleepsinhji]], (1905-1959) former test cricketer for England, after whom [[Duleep Trophy]] is named.
* [[Salim Durani]], Indian former test cricketer
* [[Salim Durani]], former Indian cricketer.
* [[Remo D'Souza]], dancer, choreographer, actor, and film director
* [[Karsan Ghavri]], former Indian cricketer.
* [[Indrajitsinhji]], ex test cricketer
* [[Leslie Hancock (cricketer)|Leslie Hancock]], English cricketer and [[British Army]] officer.
* [[Ajay Jadeja]], former [[ODI cricket|ODI]] cricketer
* [[Ajay Jadeja]], former ODI cricketer.
* [[Rajendrasinhji Jadeja]], first Chief of Army Staff
* [[Rajendrasinhji Jadeja]], first Chief of Army Staff.
* [[Ravindra Jadeja]], Indian cricketer
* [[Ravindra Jadeja]], (b 1988) Indian cricketer.
*
* [[Vinoo Mankad]], (1917-1978) former test cricketer.
*
* [[Ranjitsinhji]], (1872-1933) former test cricketer for England, and Jam Sahib of Nawanagar after whom [[Ranji Trophy]] is named.
* [[Digvijaysinhji Ranjitsinhji]], Jam Sahib of Nawanagar, also known as The Good Maharaja
* [[Digvijaysinhji Ranjitsinhji]], (1895-1966) Jam Sahib of Nawanagar, also known as The Good Maharaja.


<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
== See also ==
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
 
* [[Amrapur, Jamnagar, Gujarat]]
* [[Largest Indian cities by GDP]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
35. https://issnawards.com/amo-team/dr-ishan-y-pandya/


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.jamnagargidc.com Directory of Jamnagar GIDC]
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.jamnagar.org Tourist information about Jamnagar]
* [http://www.jamnagarbirds.com Birds picture and information in Jamnagar]
* [http://www.jamnagarbirds.com Birds picture and information in Jamnagar]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190511032944/http://www.jamnagartransportco.com/ Jamnagar Transport]
* [http://www.nawanagar.com Jamnagar formally known as Nawanagar]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509090036/http://www.harilalupadhyay.org/bookdetails/NavanagarNa_Narbanka.htm NavaNagarNa NarBanka] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509123544/http://www.harilalupadhyay.org/bookdetails/RajSattaNa_Rang.htm RajSattaNa Rang] – Books exploring History of Jamnagar
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509090036/http://www.harilalupadhyay.org/bookdetails/NavanagarNa_Narbanka.htm NavaNagarNa NarBanka] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509123544/http://www.harilalupadhyay.org/bookdetails/RajSattaNa_Rang.htm RajSattaNa Rang] – Books exploring History of Jamnagar
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110721181710/http://www.waders.in/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1326&Itemid=29 Birds and Wildlife in Jamnagar] [http://www.jamnagar.org/birding.htm www.jamnagar.org/birding.htm]
* [https://archive.today/20130112090602/http://gallery.wildone.in/gallery/marine-creatures Images Gulf of Kutch Marine National Park in Jamnagar]
* [[Amrapur, Jamnagar, Gujarat|Amrapur-A village in Janmagar]]
* [http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/07/29/a-reunion-for-war-survivors-who-escaped-to-india Polish War Survivors during WWII in Nawanagar]


{{Jamnagar district}}
{{Jamnagar district}}
{{Gujarat}}
{{Gujarat}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Jamnagar| ]]
[[Category:Jamnagar]]
[[Category:Former capital cities in India]]
[[Category:Former capitals in India]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1540]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1540]]

Latest revision as of 17:03, 16 March 2026


This article is about the city in India. For its namesake district, see Jamnagar District.
Jamnagar
Nawanagar
City
Clockwise from top: Lakhota Lake, Lesser Flamingos, Darbar Garh Market, Swaminaryan Temple
Official logo of Jamnagar
Logo of the Jamnagar Municipal Corporation
Nicknames: 
Jewel of Kathiawar, Paris of Saurashtra, Brass City
Jamnagar is located in Gujarat
Jamnagar
Jamnagar
Location in Gujarat, India
Jamnagar is located in India
Jamnagar
Jamnagar
Jamnagar (India)
Coordinates: 22°28′N 70°04′E / 22.47°N 70.07°E / 22.47; 70.07
Country India
StateGujarat
RegionSaurashtra
DistrictJamnagar
EstablishedAugust 1540[2]
Founded byJam Rawal Jadeja
Government
 • TypeMunicipal Corporation
 • BodyJamnagar Municipal Corporation
 • MayorVinodbhai Khimsurya[3]
Area
[4]
 • Total121.80 km2 (47.03 sq mi)
 • Rank6
Elevation
17 m (56 ft)
Population
 (2025)
 • Total877,000 (Metropolitan)[1]
 • RankIndia : 87th
 • Density5,780/km2 (15,000/sq mi)
DemonymJamnagari
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
361001-09
Telephone code0288
Vehicle registrationGJ-10
Websitewww.mcjamnagar.com

Jamnagar (Template:Indic Transl) is a city and the headquarters of Jamnagar district in the Indian state of Gujarat. The city lies just to the south of the Gulf of Kutch, some 337 kilometres (209 mi) west of the state capital, Gandhinagar. The city was the capital of Nawanagar princely state during British Raj.[5]

India's largest private company, Reliance Industries, has established the world's largest oil refining and petrochemicals complex in Jamnagar district.[6]

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Government of India signed an agreement to establish the WHO Global Centre for Traditional Medicine in Jamnagar. This global knowledge centre for traditional medicine, supported by an investment of USD 250 million from the Government of India, aims to harness the potential of traditional medicine from across the world through modern science and technology to improve the health of people and the planet.[7]

India's largest private company, Reliance Industries is developing the world's largest zoo at a location of 28 kms from Jamnagar city.

Jamnagar Municipal Corporation is planning to develop the riverfront on Rangmati – Nagmati river at an approximate cost of around Rs. 500 crores.[8]

Jamnagar is famous for its traditional Bandhani (tie-dye) textiles, intricate silver and brass jewelry, unique handicrafts like agate paperweights, and specific snacks like Dryfruit Kachori and Ghughra, reflecting Gujarat's rich culture and craftsmanship, alongside its status as a major industrial hub for oil refining (Reliance Industries ).[9]

History[edit | edit source]

Main articles: Nawanagar State and Jam Sahib
Maharaja Jamsaheb Shri of Nawanagar

Nawanagar was founded by Jam Rawal in 1540 as the capital of the eponymous princely state.[10] Jamnagar, historically known as Nawanagar (the new town), was one of the most important and the largest princely states of the Jadejas in the Saurashtra region. It was a thirteen-gun salute state.

According to historical records, Bahadur Shah, Sultan of Gujarat bestowed upon Jam Lakhaji twelve villages in recognition of his role in the siege of Pawagadh. Shortly after he took possession of the villages, Jam Lakhaji was killed by his cousins, Tamachi Deda and Jam Hamir Jadeja. His son, Jam Rawal, murdered his father's killers and became ruler of Kutch. The State of Kutch was semi-independent from the Gujarat Sultanate.

Hamirji's sons, Khengarji and Sahibji, served the Sultan of Gujarat. During a hunt, the brothers saved the Sultan from being killed by a lion. As a reward for their valour, the Sultan sent an army with them to regain their kingdom. Jam Rawal prepared for battle after hearing that the two princes were returning to Kutch with the imperial army.

Goddess Ashapuraji, the supreme deity of the Jadeja Clan of Rajputs, appeared to Jam Rawal in a dream. She told him that although he had broken an oath taken in her name not to kill Hamirji, she had refrained from punishing him because he had previously honoured her. She said that Jam Rawal was no longer to dwell in Kutch.

As Jam Rawal and his entourage marched out of Kutch, they attacked and killed Tamachi Deda, the main conspirator in the murder of Jam Lakhaji. Jam Rawal also conquered the town of Amran and its dependencies, bestowing the rule of Dhrol province on his younger brother Hardholji. Hardholji died in battle at Mithoi near Khambhalia, passing the throne to his eldest son Jasoji. Jam Rawal conquered parts of Saurashtra and formed his kingdom with 999 villages named Halar.

While on a hunting trip in present-day Jamnagar, Jam Rawal's hunting dogs were scared by a hare brave enough to turn on them. Jam Rawal thought that if this land could breed such hares, the men born here would be superior to other men. As a result, he made this place his capital.

Flag of the Princely State of Nawanagar

On the seventh day of the bright half of the month of Shrawan, V.S.1956 (August 1540) on the banks of the Rangmati and Nagmati rivers, Jam Rawal laid the foundation of his new capital and named it Nawanagar (new town). After a few centuries, its name changed to Jamnagar or the Town of the JAMs.

During the 18th century, Nawanagar was ruled by the Jadeja Rajputs, who were known for their bravery and military prowess. They fought many battles with the neighbouring states and played a significant role in defending the region against foreign invasions.

In 1807, Nawanagar became a princely state under the British Raj. The first ruler of the state was Maharaja Ranjit Singhji, who was known for his progressive policies and efforts to modernize the state. He built many schools, hospitals, and other public facilities, and introduced a number of reforms to improve the lives of his subjects.[5]

Jamsaib was instrumental in creating the city's modern infrastructure during his reign in the 1920s. Jam Saheb Shri Digvijaysinhji Ranjitsinhji expanded the city's development in the 1940s when it was part of the Princely state of Nawanagar.

Geography[edit | edit source]

Major communities include the Jadeja, Khavas Rajput, Charan (Gadhvi), Satvaras (Dalvadis), Ahirs Sagars, Patels, Bhanushalis, Rajputs, Mers, Jains, Lohanas, Brahmins, Bhoi (Bhoiraj), and Vaghers (Muslim and Hindu)

Mangroves jungle along canal near Pirotan Island

There are two important ports close to Jamnagar. Rozi Port is on the shore of the Gulf of Kutch; Bedi Port is two nautical miles (4 kilometres (2.5 mi)) inland on the Rangamati River. Bedi Port is an all-weather intermediate seaport that exports various commodities, including bauxite, soya meal extracts, and ground nut extracts. The port's imports include coal, fertilizer, and other items.

The coral reef island of Pirotan is one of the 42 islands which compose the Marine National Park. Pirotan lies in the Arabian Sea, 12 nautical miles off the coast, and stretches up to 3 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi).

Khijadia Bird Sanctuary, located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of Jamnagar, was established 6 November 1982.[11] It features a seasonal freshwater shallow lake, inter-tidal mudflats, creeks, saltpans, saline land, and mangrove scrub.[12] The place is a known breeding ground of the Great Crested Grebe, the Little Grebe, Purple Moorhen, Coot, Black-winged Stilt, and Pheasant-tailed Jacana.[13] Raptors, including Harriers, Eagles, Hawks, and Falcons also live here. The sanctuary also shelters migratory birds such as Swallows, Martins, Wagtails, and Waterfowl.

Jamnagar has huge reserves of bauxite, with its mines contributing 95% of the total production in the state.[14]

Climate[edit | edit source]

Jamnagar has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSh). There are three defined seasons. The hot season lasts from March to May and is extremely hot and humid. Next is the wet season with extremely erratic monsoonal rainfall[15] that averages around 500 millimetres (20 in). However, rainfall has varied from less than 100 millimetres (3.9 in) in 1911 and 1939 to over 1,500 millimetres (59.1 in) in 2010.[16] Tropical cyclones sometimes affect the region during this period. The cool season is from October to February when it remains hot during the day but has negligible rainfall, low humidity, and cool nights.

The highest recorded temperature in Jamnagar was 47 °C (116.6 °F) on 5 May 1990, while the lowest recorded temperature was 1 °C (33.8 °F) on 5 February 1984.[17]

Climate data for Jamnagar
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 36
(97) 		38
(100) 		44
(111) 		45
(113) 		47
(117) 		46
(115) 		40
(104) 		39
(102) 		41
(106) 		43
(109) 		40
(104) 		38
(100) 		47
(117)
Average high °C (°F) 26.5
(79.7) 		28.8
(83.8) 		33
(91) 		35.6
(96.1) 		36.4
(97.5) 		35.9
(96.6) 		32.3
(90.1) 		31.5
(88.7) 		32
(90) 		34.5
(94.1) 		32.4
(90.3) 		28
(82) 		32.2
(90.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 18.6
(65.5) 		20.9
(69.6) 		25.4
(77.7) 		28.6
(83.5) 		30.9
(87.6) 		31.4
(88.5) 		29.2
(84.6) 		28.4
(83.1) 		27.9
(82.2) 		28
(82) 		24.3
(75.7) 		20.1
(68.2) 		26.1
(79.0)
Average low °C (°F) 9.7
(49.5) 		13.8
(56.8) 		17.8
(64.0) 		21.6
(70.9) 		25.4
(77.7) 		27
(81) 		26.2
(79.2) 		25.4
(77.7) 		23.9
(75.0) 		20.7
(69.3) 		14.7
(58.5) 		11.4
(52.5) 		19.8
(67.7)
Record low °C (°F) 1
(34) 		1
(34) 		9
(48) 		13
(55) 		18
(64) 		20
(68) 		10
(50) 		12
(54) 		16
(61) 		11
(52) 		8
(46) 		1
(34) 		1
(34)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 1
(0.0) 		1
(0.0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		5
(0.2) 		61
(2.4) 		213
(8.4) 		126
(5.0) 		64
(2.5) 		11
(0.4) 		4
(0.2) 		1
(0.0) 		487
(19.1)
Source 1: Climate-Data.org (altitude: 23 metres or 75 feet),[18] Voodoo Skies for record temperatures[17]
Source 2: Jamnagar Weather

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Jamnagar metropolitan area population in 2025 is 8,77,000.[19]. Jamnagar has an average literacy rate of 82.14%, higher than the national average of 74.04%. Its male literacy rate is 86.90%, and its female literacy rate is 77.05%. In Jamnagar, 10% of the population is under six years of age. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. The urban development authority of Jamnagar is Jamnagar Area Development Authority (JADA).

Most residents of Jamnagar are Gujarati and speak the Gujarati language. A small portion of the population speaks the Kutchi language, which is written in the Gujarati script but not mutually intelligible with Gujarati. The Kathiawadi language, a colloquial dialect of Gujarati, is widely used for day-to-day communication.

Historical religious demographics in Nawanagar Municipality
Religion Population (1901)[20] Percentage (1901)
Hinduism 32,005 59.44%
Islam 17,027 31.62%
Jainism 4031 7.49%
Zoroastrianism 111 0.21%
Christianity 79 0.15%
Judaism 1 0%
Total 53,844 100%

Economy[edit | edit source]

Bandhej cloth

The local population has given up its ancestral fishing businesses and has adopted different jobs created by industrialization and the arrival of several giant companies. Approximately 10% of the city's population earns their income by producing and exporting traditional Bandhani cloth. Digjam runs a composite mill manufacturing worsted fabrics at Jamnagar. It has been a notable player in the worsted textile industry in India.

Jamnagar was formerly known as the Brass City because it houses more than 5,000 large-scale and 10,000 small-scale workshops that manufacture brass items. Most workshops are in and around the industrial estates of Shankar Tekri, GIDC Phase-III, M P Shah Udhyognagar, and Dared GIDC-II Industrial estate. The workshops make brass parts and extruded rods for export. Jamnagar is the largest producer of brass items in India.

Jamnagar is home to the world's largest oil refinery, the Jamnagar Refinery, a private-sector crude oil refinery owned by Reliance Industries Limited. The refinery was commissioned on 14 July 1999[21] Nayara Energy owns Vadinar Refinery. India's second-largest single-site refinery is at Vadinar, Gujarat.

Jamnagar has base stations for the Indian Air Force, the Indian Army, and the Indian Navy. The city has a strategic location close to Pakistan. It also has sizable reserves of bauxite, with its mines contributing 95% of the total production in the state.[14]

Arts and culture[edit | edit source]

Religion[edit | edit source]

Religion in Jamnagar
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 77.59%
Islam
 
 18.99%
Jainism
 
 2.51%
Others
 
 0.91%

Jamnagar has several temples, such as Sidhnath Mahadev Temple, Badri Kedar Nath, Nilkanth Mahadev Temple, and Bhid Bhanjan Mahadev Temple near the Town Hall and the Kashi Vishwanath Temple on K.V. Road. It is also well known for its four marble Jain temples: Vardhman Shah's Temple, Raisi Shah's Temple, Sheth's Temple, and Vasupujya Swami's Temple. All of these temples date to between 1574 and 1622. There are more than 30 Jain temples in Jamnagar.

The Bala Hanuman Temple on the southeastern side of Ranmal Lake is known for the continuous chanting of the mantra "Sri Ram, Jai Ram, Jai Jai Ram". Starting on 1 August 1964, this chant continues for 24 hours a day, earning the temple a place in the Guinness Book of World Records.[22] Thousands of devotees visit the temple every year. Bholeshwar Mahadev Temple holds a fair every year on Shravani Amavas (New-moon day). During the holy month of Shravana, there are Hindu fairs on the dried river banks near Bohra Hajira.[23]

Architecture[edit | edit source]

Khambaliya Gate

The Bohra Hajira is a white marble mausoleum built by Jam Rawal in 1540.[23] Also known as Mazar E Badri, it is the resting place of the Muslim saint Mota Bawa.[23] Bohra Hajira is on the banks of the Nagmati and Rangmati Rivers.[23] The mausoleum is of Saracenic style and features intricate carvings.[23] Jamnagar Trimandir is a two-storey structure with a large hall on the ground floor and a temple on the first floor.[24] Wazir Meraman Khawa built the Khambhaliya Gate in the 17th century.[25] It is one of two remaining city gates from that period.[25]

Pratap Vilas Palace

Pratap Vilas Palace, built during the rule of His Royal Highness Ranjitsinhji, features European architectural style with Indian carvings. It is an imitation of the Victoria Memorial Building in Calcutta, but its domes are in the tradition of Indian architecture. Three of the domes are glass. The palace's columns feature carvings of creepers, flowers, leaves, birds, and animals. The 2001 earthquake caused some damage to its parapets and the separation of some upper walls at the roof level in some corners.[citation needed] Willingdon Crescent (known Darbargarh Market now) was constructed by Ranjit Singh to replace a slum area.[26][27] Inspired by Singh's European travels, it is an arcade of cusped arches, bigger on the ground floor and smaller on the upper storey. It has pilasters on the curving walls and balusters on the parapet. There is a statue of Jam Saheb in the center of the crescent. The 2001 Gujarat earthquake caused slight damage to this shopping area.[citation needed]

Sports[edit | edit source]

Cricket is a popular sport in Jamnagar. A number of Indian Test cricketers hail from Jamnagar, including Vinoo Mankad, Indrajitsinhji, Ajay Jadeja, and Ravindra Jadeja. HH Shri Jam Ranjitsinji built the Ajitsinhji Pavilion cricket ground in 1908. The Ranji Trophy and Duleep Trophy Indian cricket competitions were named in memory of the princes of Jamnagar.

The municipal corporation built the sports complex with a swimming pool, badminton court, and other facilities. There is also an 80-year-old sports club, Summair Sports Club, built by the erstwhile rulers of Jamnagar. It has a swimming pool, tennis, squash, and badminton courts, a billiard hall, a table tennis facility, and a hotel.[28]

Parks and Recreation[edit | edit source]

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Amusement Park is a popular public amusement park located on Mehulnagar 80 Feet Road near Kamdar Colony in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India It is named after the Indian statesman Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and spread over approximately 19,500 sq m, offering a mix of recreational facilities for families and children. The park features a variety of attractions including rides, a musical fountain, rain dance zone, food court, game area, jogging track, yoga hall and amphitheatre, making it a desirable picnic and leisure destination. Operated by the Jamnagar Municipal Corporation, it is frequented by locals and visitors alike for outdoor fun and fitness activities.[29]

The Kotha Bastion museum contains sculptures, coins, inscriptions, copper plates, and the skeleton of a whale. The museum also has an old well where water is drawn by blowing into a small hole in the floor.[citation needed] The Lakhota Museum is in the former Lakhota Palace. This small museum has a collection of sculptures from the 9th to the 18th centuries, antique weapons, and pottery found in medieval villages from the surrounding area.[30]

Lakhota palace

The Marine National Park on the Gulf of Kutch is India's first marine sanctuary.[31] Located about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from the city centre, the park includes an archipelago of 42 islands noted for their coral reefs and mangroves. The area attracts birds, dolphins, finless porpoises, sea turtles, and tropical fish.[citation needed]

Vantara Animal Shelter and Wildlife Conservation Centre[edit | edit source]

Vantara is a 300 acre animal shelter conservatory launched by Anant Ambani and supported by Reliance Industries and Reliance Foundation. The facility focuses on providing and caring for abused, injured and endangered animals. The conservation centre is equipped with cutting-edge healthcare hospital facilities, a research institute and academic zones.[32]

Education[edit | edit source]

Jamnagar has many private and government-granted schools, including Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya; Podar International School and St. Xavier's High School, Jamnagar.[33]

Jamnagar also has dental and health colleges, including M. P. Shah Medical College and Gujarat Ayurved University There are several colleges for arts, commerce, and science.

Infrastructure[edit | edit source]

Transportation[edit | edit source]

Amritsar–Jamnagar Expressway(NH-754) is an under-construction 1,257 km long, 6-lane wide expressway in the north-western part of India. The expressway will reduce the distance between Amritsar and Jamnagar from earlier 1,430 km to 1,316 km (including Kapurthala-Amritsar section) and the time travel from 26 hours to only 13 hours. It is a part of the Bharatmala and Amritsar–Jamnagar Economic Corridor (EC-3). It will pass through four states of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat.[34] The expressway is strategically important, as it will connect 3 big oil refineries of HMEL Bathinda, HPCL Barmer and Reliance Industries Limited(RIL) Refinery near Jamnagar. It will also connect Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant (Bathinda) and Suratgarh Super Thermal Power Plant (Sri Ganganagar).[34] The expressway will meet the Ludhiana-Bathinda-Ajmer Expressway of the Pathankot–Ajmer Economic Corridor at Bathinda. The construction work on the expressway started in Haryana and Rajasthan in 2019. The Rajasthan section of the expressway from Jakhrawali in Hanumangarh district to Khetlawas in Jalore district was completed in early 2023 and was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 8 July 2023, while the entire expressway is expected to be opened by September 2023.[34]

Jamnagar Railway Station platform

On 24 November 2025, Chief Minister Shri Bhupendra Patel inaugurated Saurashtra's longest flyover bridge, constructed at a cost of ₹226.99 crore (₹2,269,900,000) in Jamnagar. The total length of the four-lane elevated flyover bridge from Sat Rasta Circle to Subhash Chandra Bose Statue, including 4 approaches, is 3,750 metres. The main bridge consists of four lanes measuring 16.50 metres, while the approaches on Indira Marg and Dwarka Road consist of two lanes of 8.40 metres.[35]

There are many private bus service providers with coaches running between Jamnagar and Rajkot, Bhuj, Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, Mumbai, Pune, Delhi and other major cities. State Transport has bus services to almost all cities of Gujarat State and interstate transport facilities. The Jamnagar Municipal Corporation runs local buses. Also, Ola Cabs and auto rickshaws are available.[citation needed] Jamnagar has a railway station connected with a variety of India's destinations.[36] Four daily trains go to Mumbai and weekly trains to the major cities to the north, east, and south of the country.[citation needed] The city has an airport with a daily direct flight to Mumbai and thrice-in-a-week flights to Hyderabad and Bengaluru. The airport is within a military enclave of the Indian Air Force.[citation needed]

Civic utilities[edit | edit source]

India’s first IGBC platinum-rated net-zero green waste-to-energy campus is located in Jamnagar, established by Abellon Clean energy and designed by INI Design Studio. Per year, the facility processes 220,000 tons of municipal solid waste into 7.5 MW clean energy. The facility’s design involves almost no human interface during the process and also has a see-through design inside the processing plant making it an educational hub for schools and visitors. The campus uses only 20% of its land for the facility and the other 80% is used for community activities and interactions.[37][38]

Media[edit | edit source]

All India Radio airs at 100.1 MHz. Top FM airs at 91.9 MHz. Radio Mirchi airs at 95 MHz.

Daily local and national newspapers are available in Jamnagar in multiple languages, including The Times of India, Economic Times, Indian Express, and Business Standard. Local newspapers published in Gujarati include Aajkaal, Bhoomi, Jamnagar Bhaskar, Khabar Gujarat, Lokwat, and Nobat. The Princely State is the local English language newspaper.

Notable people[edit | edit source]

Further information: People from Jamnagar
Ranjitsinhji, English cricketer, former King of Jamnagar princely state, British India.

The following individuals were born or have lived in Jamnagar:

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Jamnagar City Population 2025 | Literacy and Hindu Muslim Population". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 7 December 2025.
  2. ↑ District Jamnagar, Government of Gujarat
  3. ↑ "Jamnagar Municipal Corporation". mcjamnagar.com. Archived from the original on 14 September 2025. Retrieved 7 December 2025.
  4. ↑ "Amdavad city". Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation. Archived from the original on 27 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "History of Jamnagar". 14 May 2023.
  6. ↑ "Jamnagar: Reliance Industries Limited". Archived from the original on 24 October 2008. Retrieved 30 October 2008.
  7. ↑ "WHO establishes the Global Centre for Traditional Medicine in India". www.who.int.
  8. ↑ "Jamnagar: રંગમતી, નાગમતિ નદી પર રિવરફ્રન્ટ બનાવવાની યોજના 7 વર્ષથી માત્ર કાગળ પર, જાણો વિકાસને ક્યા ગ્રહણ લાગ્યુ ?". 17 April 2022.
  9. ↑ https://www.tourmyindia.com/states/gujarat/shopping-in-jamnagar.html
  10. ↑ Crill, Rosemary; Jariwala, Kapil (2010). The Indian Portrait, 1560–1860. Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd. p. 88. ISBN 978-81-89995-37-9 – via Google Books.
  11. ↑ "A Heaven for Waders". Waders Wildlife and Birding Tours of Gujarat and Kutch. Web Archive. 21 July 2011. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  12. ↑ "Welcome to the Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India". Khijadiyabirds.com. 22 June 2010. Archived from the original on 15 June 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  13. ↑ "Jamnagar, the bird watchers paradise". jamnagar.org. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Jamnagar Municipal Corporation". www.mcjamnagar.com. Retrieved 11 November 2022.
  15. ↑ Kane, R.P.; "Extreme of the ENSO Phenomenon and Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall" in International Journal of Climatology; 18: 775–791 (1998)
  16. ↑ "District rainfall statistics for Jamnagar". India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Jamnagar, India". Voodoo Skies. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  18. ↑ "Climate: Jamnagar – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  19. ↑ "Jamnagar City Population 2025 | Literacy and Hindu Muslim Population". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 7 December 2025.
  20. ↑ Enthoven, R. E. (1902). Census of India, 1901: Volume IX-A. Bombay: Part II, Imperial Tables. Government Central Press. pp. 42–43.
  21. ↑ "Jamnagar gets ready to make its mark". Petroleum Intelligence Weekly.
  22. ↑ Balakrishna, VN (31 July 2009). "Non-Stop Ram Dhun completes 45 years in Jamnagar". Desh Gujarat. Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 "Bohra Hajira, Jamnagar - Timings, History, Pooja & Aarti schedule". Trawell.in. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  24. ↑ bhagwan, dada. "List of Trimandir's | Trimandir | Non-Sectarian Temple | Spiritual Temples". www.dadabhagwan.org. Retrieved 11 November 2022.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Khambhaliya Gate, India Attractions". www.lonelyplanet.com. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  26. ↑ "Willingdon Crescent". gujrattourism. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  27. ↑ Vasavada, Rabindra (1998). "Evolving scenario of Architecture in Gujarat: an overview". architexturez.net. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  28. ↑ "Home - Summair Sports Club Jamnagar India". summairsportsclub.org. Retrieved 11 November 2022.
  29. ↑ https://mcjamnagar.com/TheCity/PlaceDetails.aspx?pid=xAb38yZ23g35
  30. ↑ "Lakhota Palace & Museum Jamnagar, Gujarat". www.tourmyindia.com. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  31. ↑ "Jamnagar, the Unique Coral Walking Area". www.jamnagar.org. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
  32. ↑ "All about Vantara, the 3000-acre animal shelter launched by Anant Ambani in Jamnagar". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 20 August 2025.
  33. ↑ "Best CBSE Schools in Jamnagar, Gujarat". Podar International School. Retrieved 11 November 2022.[permanent dead link]
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 "Amritsar – Jamnagar Economic Corridor – Information & Status".
  35. ↑ "CM inaugurates Saurashtra's longest flyover in Jamnagar". The Times of India. 24 November 2025. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 7 December 2025.
  36. ↑ "Jamnagar/JAM Railway Station – Today's Train Departure Timings – India Rail Info – A Busy Junction for Travellers & Rail Enthusiasts". India Rail Info. 6 August 2010. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  37. ↑ Welch, Adrian (16 June 2025). "Abellon Waste To Energy Campus Jamnagar, Gujarat, India". e-architect. Retrieved 20 August 2025.
  38. ↑ Prajapati, Chhaya (14 September 2024). "This is India's First Platinum-Rated Net-Zero Green Waste to Energy Plant | INI Design Studio". The Architects Diary. Retrieved 20 August 2025.

External links[edit | edit source]

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